WO2009095530A1 - Method for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object - Google Patents

Method for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009095530A1
WO2009095530A1 PCT/FI2009/050024 FI2009050024W WO2009095530A1 WO 2009095530 A1 WO2009095530 A1 WO 2009095530A1 FI 2009050024 W FI2009050024 W FI 2009050024W WO 2009095530 A1 WO2009095530 A1 WO 2009095530A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sol
gel coating
heat treatment
heat
coating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2009/050024
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Amar Mahiout
Juha Mannila
Juha Nikkola
Jarmo Siivinen
Pasi Kosonen
Original Assignee
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus filed Critical Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
Priority to EP09706898A priority Critical patent/EP2247770A4/en
Publication of WO2009095530A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009095530A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/04—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1291—Process of deposition of the inorganic material by heating of the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method defined in the preamble of claim 1 for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object.
  • Sol-gel coating is usually provided as a separate manufacturing step in the production process of the product.
  • One process step in providing a sol-gel coating normally comprises curing the coating, which is usually carried out e.g. in a furnace at a temperature of about 100 to 150 2 C as a separate process step.
  • the heat treatment / curing step which is part of forming a sol-gel coating easily causes problems, in particular when applying the proc- ess in the already existing production plants. There may not necessarily be the required heat treatment apparatus or capacity it requires, one is not willing to make the investment required for acquiring one, or there is simply not enough room for the new equipment in the production area.
  • heat treatment / curing of a sol-gel coating and the preceding and following work steps take time, which is why this particular work step may form a bottleneck for the production process.
  • the objective of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks referred to above and to disclose a new type of method for providing a sol-gel coating.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by what has been presented in the claims .
  • the invention is based on a method for sol- gel coating a heat-treated object, wherein the object is heat-treated e.g. by hot galvanization or hot spraying, and the sol-gel coating is formed onto the object.
  • the heat energy transferred and stored in the object in conjunction with the heat treatment is applied for curing the sol- gel coating in the formation of the sol-gel coating.
  • an object refers to any kind of two- or three-dimensional object.
  • the object may have been formed from any material which is suitable for the purpose, e.g. metal or alloy.
  • the basic idea of the invention is that the heat energy transferred and stored in the object during a heat treatment process, e.g. hot galvanization process or hot spray coating performed before the sol- gel coating, is utilized in the sol-gel coating provided after the heat treatment, whereby the sol-gel coating cures and acquires its final properties without any separate heat treatment to provide the curing. Further, the basic idea of the invention encompasses the utilization of residual heat energy in the sol-gel coating, whereby the sol-gel coating is cured by utilizing residual heat energy generated e.g. during hot galvanization or hot spraying.
  • the heat treatment is hot galvanization, preferably hot galvanization of piece articles.
  • the heat treatment is hot spraying.
  • the temperature of the object after hot galvanization e.g. as lifted from the hot galvanization kettle after immersion coating, is 430 to 470 °C, preferably about 450 2 C.
  • the tem- perature of the object after hot spraying is 180 to 220 0 C, preferably about 200 2 C.
  • the object is cooled to a desired temperature after the heat treatment by air . In one embodiment of the invention, the object is cooled to a desired temperature after the heat treatment by water cooling.
  • the object is cooled before sol-gel coating to a temperature of 100 to 200°C.
  • the object is cooled before sol-gel coating to a temperature of 80 to 100 0 C.
  • the ob- ject is cooled before sol-gel coating to a temperature of 50 to 8O 0 C, which are lower temperatures of the material than what is usual.
  • the sol- gel coating is provided onto the object substantially directly after heat treatment. Between heat treatment and sol-gel coating, the object can be cooled to a desired temperature.
  • the invention provides the advantage that a sol-gel coating provided after heat treatment, e.g. galvanization or hot spraying, does not require a separate heat treatment step to cure the coating, or any pretreatment step.
  • Use of the method according to the invention saves both energy and processing costs in the formation of a sol-gel coating.
  • sol-gel coating onto hot-galvanized objects and cure the coating by the method according to the invention.
  • the objects were let cool after hot galvanization to dif- ferent temperatures which were 250, 200, 150, 100 and 50 2 C, after which the objects were coated with sol-gel coating and let cool further to room temperature. It was discovered that the sol-gel coating of the objects and curing of the coating were successfully accom- pushed by the method according to the invention.
  • the preliminary tests comprised testing test samples coated by WC10Co4Cr coating and their corresponding coating by the sol-gel coating, the applied temperatures of the coated material being 170, 140 and HO 2 C.
  • the tests revealed that it is possible to use even lower temperatures of the material that is to be sol-gel coated, even temperatures between 50 and 80 a C. It was discovered that the sol-gel coating of objects that were treated by hot spraying, and curing of the coating were successfully accomplished by the method according to the invention.
  • sol-gel coating of various products e.g. metal products
  • curing the coating are possible without a separate heat treatment step by utilizing the heat energy stored during some other process step or remaining from that step in the material that is to be coated.
  • this method provides equal properties in terms of corrosion prevention or water-repelling ability of the sol-gel coating, if the temperature of the substrate at the time of coating is suitable for the applied coating. At its best, the corrosion prevention ability is equal to a coating cured in optimum conditions, as is also the water contact angle, i.e. water repelling ability.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable in different embodiments for use in the most different kinds of sol-gel coating processes.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object, wherein the object is heat-treated and the sol-gel coating is formed onto the object. According to the invention, in forming the sol-gel coating, heat energy that has been transferred and stored in the object in conjunction with the heat treatment is applied for curing the sol-gel coating.

Description

METHOD FOR THE SOL-GEL COATING OF A HEAT-TREATED OBJECT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method defined in the preamble of claim 1 for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Known from the prior art is the sol-gel coating of various products. Sol-gel coating is usually provided as a separate manufacturing step in the production process of the product. One process step in providing a sol-gel coating normally comprises curing the coating, which is usually carried out e.g. in a furnace at a temperature of about 100 to 1502C as a separate process step. The heat treatment / curing step which is part of forming a sol-gel coating easily causes problems, in particular when applying the proc- ess in the already existing production plants. There may not necessarily be the required heat treatment apparatus or capacity it requires, one is not willing to make the investment required for acquiring one, or there is simply not enough room for the new equipment in the production area. In addition, heat treatment / curing of a sol-gel coating and the preceding and following work steps take time, which is why this particular work step may form a bottleneck for the production process.
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
The objective of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks referred to above and to disclose a new type of method for providing a sol-gel coating. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The method according to the invention is characterized by what has been presented in the claims . The invention is based on a method for sol- gel coating a heat-treated object, wherein the object is heat-treated e.g. by hot galvanization or hot spraying, and the sol-gel coating is formed onto the object. According to the invention, the heat energy transferred and stored in the object in conjunction with the heat treatment is applied for curing the sol- gel coating in the formation of the sol-gel coating.
In this context, an object refers to any kind of two- or three-dimensional object. The object may have been formed from any material which is suitable for the purpose, e.g. metal or alloy.
The basic idea of the invention is that the heat energy transferred and stored in the object during a heat treatment process, e.g. hot galvanization process or hot spray coating performed before the sol- gel coating, is utilized in the sol-gel coating provided after the heat treatment, whereby the sol-gel coating cures and acquires its final properties without any separate heat treatment to provide the curing. Further, the basic idea of the invention encompasses the utilization of residual heat energy in the sol-gel coating, whereby the sol-gel coating is cured by utilizing residual heat energy generated e.g. during hot galvanization or hot spraying. In one embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment is hot galvanization, preferably hot galvanization of piece articles.
In one embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment is hot spraying. In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the object after hot galvanization, e.g. as lifted from the hot galvanization kettle after immersion coating, is 430 to 470 °C, preferably about 4502C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the tem- perature of the object after hot spraying is 180 to 2200C, preferably about 2002C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the object is cooled to a desired temperature after the heat treatment by air . In one embodiment of the invention, the object is cooled to a desired temperature after the heat treatment by water cooling.
In one embodiment of the invention, the object is cooled before sol-gel coating to a temperature of 100 to 200°C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the object is cooled before sol-gel coating to a temperature of 80 to 1000C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ob- ject is cooled before sol-gel coating to a temperature of 50 to 8O0C, which are lower temperatures of the material than what is usual.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sol- gel coating is provided onto the object substantially directly after heat treatment. Between heat treatment and sol-gel coating, the object can be cooled to a desired temperature.
The invention provides the advantage that a sol-gel coating provided after heat treatment, e.g. galvanization or hot spraying, does not require a separate heat treatment step to cure the coating, or any pretreatment step. Use of the method according to the invention saves both energy and processing costs in the formation of a sol-gel coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following section, the invention will be described by means of detailed examples of its embodiments . Based on preliminary tests, it was discovered that it was possible to provide sol-gel coating onto hot-galvanized objects and cure the coating by the method according to the invention. In the tests, the objects were let cool after hot galvanization to dif- ferent temperatures which were 250, 200, 150, 100 and 502C, after which the objects were coated with sol-gel coating and let cool further to room temperature. It was discovered that the sol-gel coating of the objects and curing of the coating were successfully accom- pushed by the method according to the invention.
Further to hot spraying, the preliminary tests comprised testing test samples coated by WC10Co4Cr coating and their corresponding coating by the sol-gel coating, the applied temperatures of the coated material being 170, 140 and HO2C. The tests revealed that it is possible to use even lower temperatures of the material that is to be sol-gel coated, even temperatures between 50 and 80aC. It was discovered that the sol-gel coating of objects that were treated by hot spraying, and curing of the coating were successfully accomplished by the method according to the invention.
Also subsequent coating of other coatings than the hot-spray coating presented above by the sol- gel coating is possible with the same method. The method can also be applied to other objects, products and surfaces in which a sufficient amount of heat energy has been stored during the preceding process steps . In summary of the invention, one can conclude that based on the conducted tests, sol-gel coating of various products, e.g. metal products, and curing the coating are possible without a separate heat treatment step by utilizing the heat energy stored during some other process step or remaining from that step in the material that is to be coated. Compared to furnace curing in optimum conditions, this method provides equal properties in terms of corrosion prevention or water-repelling ability of the sol-gel coating, if the temperature of the substrate at the time of coating is suitable for the applied coating. At its best, the corrosion prevention ability is equal to a coating cured in optimum conditions, as is also the water contact angle, i.e. water repelling ability.
The method according to the invention is suitable in different embodiments for use in the most different kinds of sol-gel coating processes.
The invention is not limited merely to the examples referred to above; instead, many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object, wherein the object is heat- treated and the sol-gel coating formed onto the object, charac teri z ed in that in forming the sol-gel coating, heat energy that was transferred and stored in the object in conjunction with heat treatment is applied for curing the sol gel-gel coating.
2. The method according to claim 1, char ac teri z ed in that the heat treatment is hot galvanization.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, charac t eri z ed in that the heat treatment is hot spraying.
4. The method according to claim 2, charac t eri z ed in that after hot galvanization the temperature of the object is 430 to 470 "C.
5. The method according to claim 3, char- ac teri z ed in that after hot spraying the temperature of the object is 180 to 2200C.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, charac t eri z ed in that after heat treatment the object is cooled to a desired temperature by air.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, charac t eri z ed in that after heat treatment the object is cooled to a desired temperature by water cooling.
8. The method according to any one of claims
1 to 7, charac teri z ed in that before sol-gel coating the object is cooled to a temperature of 100 to 2000C.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that before sol-gel coating the object is cooled to a temperature of 80 to 1000C.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, charac teri z ed in that before sol-gel coating the object is cooled to a temperature of 50 to 800C.
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, charac t eri z ed in that the sol-gel coating is provided to the object substantially di- rectly after heat treatment.
PCT/FI2009/050024 2008-01-30 2009-01-15 Method for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object WO2009095530A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09706898A EP2247770A4 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-15 Method for the sol-gel coating of a heat-treated object

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20085073A FI20085073A0 (en) 2008-01-30 2008-01-30 Process for sol-gel coating of hot-dip galvanized and thermally sprayed coated products
FI20085073 2008-01-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009095530A1 true WO2009095530A1 (en) 2009-08-06

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EP (1) EP2247770A4 (en)
FI (1) FI20085073A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2009095530A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0300561A2 (en) 1987-07-20 1989-01-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for producing superconducting oxides and thin films of such oxides
US5262204A (en) 1989-11-03 1993-11-16 Schott Glaswerke Glass-ceramic article decorated with ceramic color and process for its production
JP2000226691A (en) 1999-02-05 2000-08-15 Toyo Kohan Co Ltd Production of surface treated steel sheet and surface treated steel sheet
JP2001064782A (en) 1999-06-23 2001-03-13 Tanaka Galvanizing Co Ltd Surface treating method imparting high weather resistance to steel and high weather resistant steel
CZ20021055A3 (en) 2002-03-25 2003-11-12 Ornela A. S. Method for obtaining colored coating on small glass objects

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0300561A2 (en) 1987-07-20 1989-01-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for producing superconducting oxides and thin films of such oxides
US5262204A (en) 1989-11-03 1993-11-16 Schott Glaswerke Glass-ceramic article decorated with ceramic color and process for its production
JP2000226691A (en) 1999-02-05 2000-08-15 Toyo Kohan Co Ltd Production of surface treated steel sheet and surface treated steel sheet
JP2001064782A (en) 1999-06-23 2001-03-13 Tanaka Galvanizing Co Ltd Surface treating method imparting high weather resistance to steel and high weather resistant steel
CZ20021055A3 (en) 2002-03-25 2003-11-12 Ornela A. S. Method for obtaining colored coating on small glass objects

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MAHIOUT, A.: "Kuumasinkittyjen kappaleiden sooli-geelipinnoitus ja pinnoitteen kovetus jäännöslämpöä hyödyntämällä", KUUMASINKITYS, 1 July 2008 (2008-07-01), pages 4 - 5, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.kuumasinkitys.fi/Kuumasinkitys%201_08.pdf> [retrieved on 20090521] *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20085073A0 (en) 2008-01-30
EP2247770A4 (en) 2011-02-16
EP2247770A1 (en) 2010-11-10

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