WO2009095147A1 - Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins - Google Patents

Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009095147A1
WO2009095147A1 PCT/EP2009/000030 EP2009000030W WO2009095147A1 WO 2009095147 A1 WO2009095147 A1 WO 2009095147A1 EP 2009000030 W EP2009000030 W EP 2009000030W WO 2009095147 A1 WO2009095147 A1 WO 2009095147A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
amine
reactor
catalyst
reactor outlet
solvent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/000030
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Wofgang MÜLLER
Peter M. Fritz
Heinz BÖLT
Anton Wellenhofer
Florian Winkler
Uwe Rosenthal
Hans-Jörg ZANDER
Normen Peulecke
Bernd H. MÜLLER
Karl-Heinz Hofmann
Helmut Fritz
Carsten Taube
Andreas Meiswinkel
Richard Schneider
Anina Woehl
Aliyev Vugar
Fuad Mosa
Mohammed Al-Hazmi
Syriac Palackal
Ayed Al-Ayed
Sultan Al-Otaibi
Mohammed Zahoor
Original Assignee
Linde Ag
Saudi Basic Industries Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Ag, Saudi Basic Industries Corporation filed Critical Linde Ag
Priority to MX2010008426A priority Critical patent/MX2010008426A/en
Priority to JP2010544609A priority patent/JP5539229B2/en
Priority to CN2009801035931A priority patent/CN101932541A/en
Priority to RU2010136280/04A priority patent/RU2469014C2/en
Priority to ES09705284.9T priority patent/ES2520091T3/en
Priority to EP09705284.9A priority patent/EP2234945B1/en
Priority to BRPI0907001-0A priority patent/BRPI0907001B1/en
Priority to CA2711093A priority patent/CA2711093C/en
Priority to US12/735,585 priority patent/US9593055B2/en
Publication of WO2009095147A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009095147A1/en
Priority to ZA2010/04482A priority patent/ZA201004482B/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
    • C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
    • C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
    • C07C2/14—Catalytic processes with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids
    • C07C2/20—Acids of halogen; Salts thereof ; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
    • C07C2/22—Metal halides; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
    • C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
    • C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
    • C07C2/26—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds
    • C07C2/30—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds containing metal-to-carbon bond; Metal hydrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C07C11/02—Alkenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
    • C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
    • C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
    • C07C2/26—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/025—Sulfonic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO).
  • DE 43 38 414 Cl discloses a process for the oligomerization of ethylene to obtain linear alpha-olefins, wherein ethylene is catalytically converted in an empty tubular reactor utilizing a catalyst comprising a zirconium component and an aluminum component.
  • the process is advantageously carried out in a continuous mode wherein gaseous and liquid outlet streams are obtained.
  • the liquid outlet stream usually contains solvent, catalyst, dissolved ethylene and linear alpha-olefins.
  • the catalyst may be preferably deactivated by caustic, although other quenching agents, such as water, alcohol or fatty acids, are known in the prior art.
  • the deactivated catalyst is also extracted from the phase containing solvent, ethylene and alpha-olefins.
  • HCl is formed which may catalyse isomerization of LAO which is not desired. Due to the presence of HCl high, but limited purities of the desired LAO products are obtained only. Further, the sensitivity of the oligomerization for an unintended runaway reaction is quite high. Additionally, the LAO products obtained only have a limited thermal stability. Moreover, side reactions in the oligomerization reactor and in the reactor outlet piping system can take place, such as fouling, plugging by traces of high molecular weight linear alpha-olefins, which may have impact on product qualities. In the catalyst deactivation and removal step further a limited mixing efficiency of linear alpha-olefins and caustic can be present.
  • the object is achieved by a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO) by oligomeriza- tion of ethylene in the presence of solvent and homogenous catalyst, comprising the steps of:
  • the amine is mixed with catalyst components prior to feeding the catalyst components into the oligomerization reactor.
  • the amine is added continuously.
  • the organic amine may be a primary, secondary, tertiary or cyclic amine.
  • the organic amine is soluble in an organic phase containing linear alpha- olefins. It is further preferred that the organic amine is insoluble or has a low solubility in water or a mixture of water and caustic.
  • the organic amine may be preferably removed from the reactor outlet stream or one or more products by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
  • the removed organic amine is recycled into the reactor and/or the reactor outlet piping system, preferably together with the solvent.
  • the added amine may be dissolved in a solvent, preferably toluene or a linear alpha olefin fraction or a linear alpha olefin product.
  • the amine is mixed in the reactor outlet piping system with the reactor outlet stream by means of a mixing device, preferably a static mixer, a dynamic mixer, an ultrasonic mixer or a ventury mixing nozzle.
  • a mixing device preferably a static mixer, a dynamic mixer, an ultrasonic mixer or a ventury mixing nozzle.
  • the amine is mixed with catalyst components prior to charging catalyst and amine into the oligomerization reactor.
  • the catalyst is deactivated by caustic.
  • the amine has a boiling point differing from the boiling point of the solvent utilized of not more than 20°C, preferably not more than 10°C, preferably not more than 5°C.
  • the catalyst comprises a zirconium salt of organic acids and at least one organo aluminum compound.
  • organic amine is added in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 mol equivalent to chloride, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mol equivalent to chloride.
  • the at least one aluminum compound has the general formula R ⁇ Al 3-0 or Al 2 Y 3 RS, wherein R 1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Y represents Cl, Br or I, n is any number within the range 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 2.
  • the organic amine is removed from the reactor outlet stream by distillation, extraction or adsorption and the removed organic amine is then recycled into the reactor and/or the reactor outlet piping system. Recycling can be preferably together with a solvent, but most preferably with a fraction of the LAO products, most preferably the ClO- C 12 fraction. Recovery and recycling of the dosed amine results in a significant improvement of the economics of the process, since the costs for the amine are reduced considerably. There are hardly any costs for an imported fresh amine, but only for a small make-up stream to cover any losses from the plant.
  • organic amines are utilized which have a good solubility in the organic phase containing linear alpha-olefins, but have no or only a low solubility in water or a mixture of water and caustic.
  • amines which include acidic groups are not suitable, e.g. amino- acids, monoethyl amine (MEA), diethyl amine (DEA), etc.
  • Ethylene is oligomerized in a suitable reactor, for example an empty tubular reactor as disclosed in DE 43 38 414 Cl, utilizing a catalyst comprising a zirconium component and an aluminum component.
  • a suitable zirconium component is zirconium tetraisobutyrate
  • a suitable aluminum component is ethyl aluminum sesquichloride.
  • the oligomerization is carried out under conditions (temperature, pressure, etc.) known in the art.
  • Ethylene, solvent and catalyst are introduced. From the reactor, a liquid organic outlet stream is discharged into a reactor outlet piping system containing solvent, for example toluene, catalyst, ethylene dissolved in the solvent, and linear alpha-olefins.
  • This liquid organic outlet stream is transferred to a catalyst deactivation and removal section.
  • the catalyst is deactivated by caustic and is removed from the outlet stream.
  • the caustic phase may contain alkali metal hydroxide, preferably NaOH and/or KOH.
  • the reactor comprises a feedline for feeding an organic amine into the oligomerization reactor and/or a feedline for feeding the organic amine into the reactor outlet piping system.
  • the amine added can be mixed, e.g., with catalyst components outside of the oligomerization reactor and can then be fed mutually thereto. Additionally or alternatively, the amine added into the reactor outlet piping system can be mixed with the reactor outlet stream by means of a mixing device such as a static mixer, dynamic mixer, ultrasonic mixer or ventury mixing nozzle.
  • the amines can be routed through the separation unit of the LAO plant for separating the linear alpha-olefins into separate fractions, end up in one or more products and are removed from the products e.g. by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
  • the amine can be already removed from the reactor outlet stream prior to separation of the outlet stream into individual fractions, also by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
  • the amine may be utilized in a once-through operation mode.
  • the amines are recovered by any means (e.g. by distillation or extraction) and can be recycled to the oligomerization reactor or the reactor outlet piping system.
  • a mixture of 3-ethyl-heptyl-amine and LAO 's recycled from the separation section of an LAO plant is dosed into the LAO reactor outlet line.
  • the dosing quantity is adjusted to achieve an amine concentration of 1000 wt ppm.
  • the amine which has a boiling point between the ClO and C12 LAO products, is routed to the separation section of the LAO plant together with the total LAO fraction.
  • the amine is removed from the LAO products by conventional distillation. Remaining traces of the amine in the ClO and C12 products will be removed by adequate adsorbers, depending on the required product specification.
  • the production of a pure amine fraction is not required, since the amine is recycled to the LAO reactors, i.e. the recycled stream is a mixture of 3-ethyl-heptyl-amine and ClO and C12 LAO 's.
  • a small amine make-up stream from an amine storage vessel is fed into the amine system in order to compensate any amine losses.
  • the separation section is provided to remove the amine from the LAO products, and, optionally, also already to provide a separation of the LAO product into separate fractions for further processing.
  • the separation section is after the catalyst deactivation and removal step.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO) by oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of solvent and homogenous catalyst, comprising the steps of: (i) feeding ethylene, solvent and catalyst into an oligomerization reactor, (ii) oligomerizing the ethylene in the reactor, (iii) removing a reactor outlet stream comprising solvent, linear alpha-olefins, ethylene, and catalyst from the reactor via a reactor outlet piping system, (iv) transferring the reactor outlet stream to a catalyst deactivation and removal step, and (v) deactivating and removing the catalyst from the reactor outlet stream, characterized in that at least one organic amine is added into the oligomerization reactor and/or into the reactor outlet piping system.

Description

Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins
The present invention relates to a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO).
Processes for the oligomerization of ethylene utilizing a homogenous catalyst are widely known. For example DE 43 38 414 Cl discloses a process for the oligomerization of ethylene to obtain linear alpha-olefins, wherein ethylene is catalytically converted in an empty tubular reactor utilizing a catalyst comprising a zirconium component and an aluminum component. The process is advantageously carried out in a continuous mode wherein gaseous and liquid outlet streams are obtained. The liquid outlet stream usually contains solvent, catalyst, dissolved ethylene and linear alpha-olefins. The catalyst may be preferably deactivated by caustic, although other quenching agents, such as water, alcohol or fatty acids, are known in the prior art. Preferably, the deactivated catalyst is also extracted from the phase containing solvent, ethylene and alpha-olefins.
One disadvantage of the prior art is that during the catalyst deactivation and catalyst removal step HCl is formed which may catalyse isomerization of LAO which is not desired. Due to the presence of HCl high, but limited purities of the desired LAO products are obtained only. Further, the sensitivity of the oligomerization for an unintended runaway reaction is quite high. Additionally, the LAO products obtained only have a limited thermal stability. Moreover, side reactions in the oligomerization reactor and in the reactor outlet piping system can take place, such as fouling, plugging by traces of high molecular weight linear alpha-olefins, which may have impact on product qualities. In the catalyst deactivation and removal step further a limited mixing efficiency of linear alpha-olefins and caustic can be present.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art, especially to provide a method avoiding the formation of HCl during catalyst deactivation and to yield LAO products with high purity and thermal stability, wherein side reactions within the oligomerization reactor are substantially avoided. The object is achieved by a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO) by oligomeriza- tion of ethylene in the presence of solvent and homogenous catalyst, comprising the steps of:
(i) feeding ethylene, solvent and catalyst into an oligomerization reactor,
(ii) oligomerizing the ethylene in the reactor,
(iii) removing a reactor outlet stream comprising solvent, linear alpha-olefins, ethylene, and catalyst from the reactor via a reactor outlet piping system,
(iv) transferring the reactor outlet stream to a catalyst deactivation and removal step, and
(v) deactivating and removing the catalyst from the reactor outlet stream,
characterized in that at least one organic amine is added into the oligomerization reactor and/or into the reactor outlet piping system.
Preferably, the amine is mixed with catalyst components prior to feeding the catalyst components into the oligomerization reactor.
Preferably the amine is added continuously.
The organic amine may be a primary, secondary, tertiary or cyclic amine.
In one embodiment, the organic amine is soluble in an organic phase containing linear alpha- olefins. It is further preferred that the organic amine is insoluble or has a low solubility in water or a mixture of water and caustic.
The organic amine may be preferably removed from the reactor outlet stream or one or more products by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
In a most preferred embodiment, the removed organic amine is recycled into the reactor and/or the reactor outlet piping system, preferably together with the solvent.
The added amine may be dissolved in a solvent, preferably toluene or a linear alpha olefin fraction or a linear alpha olefin product.
It is additionally convenient that the amine is mixed in the reactor outlet piping system with the reactor outlet stream by means of a mixing device, preferably a static mixer, a dynamic mixer, an ultrasonic mixer or a ventury mixing nozzle.
In a further embodiment the amine is mixed with catalyst components prior to charging catalyst and amine into the oligomerization reactor.
It is further preferred that the catalyst is deactivated by caustic.
In one embodiment, the amine has a boiling point differing from the boiling point of the solvent utilized of not more than 20°C, preferably not more than 10°C, preferably not more than 5°C.
It is preferred that the catalyst comprises a zirconium salt of organic acids and at least one organo aluminum compound. Even preferred is that the zirconium salt has the formula ZrCl4-mXm, wherein X = OCOR or OSO3R' with R and R' being independently alkyl, alkene or phenyl, and wherein O < m < 4.
Also preferred is that the organic amine is added in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 mol equivalent to chloride, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mol equivalent to chloride.
It is further preferably proposed that the at least one aluminum compound has the general formula R^Al3-0 or Al2Y3RS, wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Y represents Cl, Br or I, n is any number within the range 1 < n <2.
Surprisingly it was found that by utilizing the inventive method, i.e. adding an organic amine into the oligomerization reactor and/or the reactor outlet piping system, the disadvantages of the prior art can be avoided.
In detail no formation of HCl during the catalyst deactivation and the removal step was observed. Additionally, increased purities of LAO products were obtained, since HCl is not present. Moreover, an improved reaction stability was achieved, i.e. less sensitivity to reaction runaway since amines act as moderator for the reaction. Since acid-catalyzed side reactions in the removal section are inhibited (no acidic sites are present), the LAO products additionally have increased thermal stability.
It was further recognized that dosing of an adequate amount of amine into the reactor outlet line completely prevents fouling and plugging of the reactor outlet piping system. Even more surprisingly, it has been found that partially fouled or plugged outlet lines could be deplugged by using adequate flow rates of amine dosing. Additionally, mixing of amine with catalyst components prior to feeding these catalyst components into the oligomerization reactor resulted in an increase of product purities and a reduced fouling/plugging within the oligomerization reactor. It was further found that side reactions in the oligomerization reactor and reactor outlet piping system are suppressed.
Finally, the mixing efficiency in the mixing system of LAOand caustic within the catalyst deactivation and removal step is increased, probably due to the tenside effect of amines.
In a most preferred method, the organic amine is removed from the reactor outlet stream by distillation, extraction or adsorption and the removed organic amine is then recycled into the reactor and/or the reactor outlet piping system. Recycling can be preferably together with a solvent, but most preferably with a fraction of the LAO products, most preferably the ClO- C 12 fraction. Recovery and recycling of the dosed amine results in a significant improvement of the economics of the process, since the costs for the amine are reduced considerably. There are hardly any costs for an imported fresh amine, but only for a small make-up stream to cover any losses from the plant.
Preferably, organic amines are utilized which have a good solubility in the organic phase containing linear alpha-olefins, but have no or only a low solubility in water or a mixture of water and caustic. For example, amines which include acidic groups are not suitable, e.g. amino- acids, monoethyl amine (MEA), diethyl amine (DEA), etc.
Additional features and advantages ob the inventive method will now become apparent from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof.
Ethylene is oligomerized in a suitable reactor, for example an empty tubular reactor as disclosed in DE 43 38 414 Cl, utilizing a catalyst comprising a zirconium component and an aluminum component. A suitable zirconium component is zirconium tetraisobutyrate, and a suitable aluminum component is ethyl aluminum sesquichloride. The oligomerization is carried out under conditions (temperature, pressure, etc.) known in the art. Ethylene, solvent and catalyst are introduced. From the reactor, a liquid organic outlet stream is discharged into a reactor outlet piping system containing solvent, for example toluene, catalyst, ethylene dissolved in the solvent, and linear alpha-olefins. This liquid organic outlet stream is transferred to a catalyst deactivation and removal section. The catalyst is deactivated by caustic and is removed from the outlet stream. The caustic phase may contain alkali metal hydroxide, preferably NaOH and/or KOH. The reactor comprises a feedline for feeding an organic amine into the oligomerization reactor and/or a feedline for feeding the organic amine into the reactor outlet piping system. The amine added can be mixed, e.g., with catalyst components outside of the oligomerization reactor and can then be fed mutually thereto. Additionally or alternatively, the amine added into the reactor outlet piping system can be mixed with the reactor outlet stream by means of a mixing device such as a static mixer, dynamic mixer, ultrasonic mixer or ventury mixing nozzle.
The amines can be routed through the separation unit of the LAO plant for separating the linear alpha-olefins into separate fractions, end up in one or more products and are removed from the products e.g. by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
In an other embodiment, the amine can be already removed from the reactor outlet stream prior to separation of the outlet stream into individual fractions, also by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
The amine may be utilized in a once-through operation mode.
Preferably, the amines are recovered by any means (e.g. by distillation or extraction) and can be recycled to the oligomerization reactor or the reactor outlet piping system.
In a more detailed example, a mixture of 3-ethyl-heptyl-amine and LAO 's recycled from the separation section of an LAO plant is dosed into the LAO reactor outlet line. The dosing quantity is adjusted to achieve an amine concentration of 1000 wt ppm. The amine, which has a boiling point between the ClO and C12 LAO products, is routed to the separation section of the LAO plant together with the total LAO fraction.
In the separation section, the amine is removed from the LAO products by conventional distillation. Remaining traces of the amine in the ClO and C12 products will be removed by adequate adsorbers, depending on the required product specification. The production of a pure amine fraction is not required, since the amine is recycled to the LAO reactors, i.e. the recycled stream is a mixture of 3-ethyl-heptyl-amine and ClO and C12 LAO 's.
A small amine make-up stream from an amine storage vessel is fed into the amine system in order to compensate any amine losses. Thus, the separation section is provided to remove the amine from the LAO products, and, optionally, also already to provide a separation of the LAO product into separate fractions for further processing. Preferably, the separation section is after the catalyst deactivation and removal step.
The addition of an organic amine into a method for preparing linear alpha-olefϊnes by the oli- gomerization of ethylene results in the advantages as already outlined above.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description and in the claims may, both separately and in any combination thereof, be material for realizing the invention in diverse forms thereof.

Claims

Claims
1. Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO) by oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of solvent and homogenous catalyst, comprising the steps of:
(vi) feeding ethylene, solvent and catalyst into an oligomerization reactor,
(vii) oligomerizing the ethylene in the reactor,
(viii) removing a reactor outlet stream comprising solvent, linear alpha-olefins, ethylene, and catalyst from the reactor via a reactor outlet piping system,
(ix) transferring the reactor outlet stream to a catalyst deactivation and removal step, and
(x) deactivating and removing the catalyst from the reactor outlet stream,
characterized in that at least one organic amine is added into the oligomerization reactor and/or into the reactor outlet piping system.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amine is mixed with catalyst components prior to feeding the catalyst components into the oligomerization reactor.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amine is added continuously.
4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic amine is a primary, secondary, tertiary or cyclic amine.
5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the organic amine is soluble in an organic phase containing linear alpha-olefins.
6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the organic amine is insoluble or has a low solubility in water or a mixture of water and caustic.
7. Method according to any of the preceding claims wherein the organic amine is removed from the reactor outlet stream or one or more products by distillation, extraction or adsorption.
8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the removed organic amine is recycled into the reactor and/or the reactor outlet piping system, preferably together with the solvent.
9. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the added amine is dissolved in a solvent, preferably toluene or a linear alpha olefin fraction or a linear alpha olefin product.
10. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the amine is mixed in the reactor outlet piping system with the reactor outlet stream by means of a mixing device, preferably a static mixer, a dynamic mixer, an ultrasonic mixer or a ventury mixing nozzle.
11. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the amine is mixed with catalyst components prior to charging catalyst and amine into the oligomerization reactor.
12. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the catalyst is deactivated by caustic.
13. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the amine has a boiling point differing from the boiling point of the solvent utilized of not more than 20°C, preferably not more than 10°C, preferably not more than 5°C.
14. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the catalyst comprises a zirconium salt of organic acids and at least one organo aluminum compound.
15. Method according to claim 14, wherein the zirconium salt has the formula ZrCl4-mXm, wherein X = OCOR or OSO3R' with R and R' being independently alkyl, alkene or phenyl, and wherein 0 < m < 4.
16. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic amine is added in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 mol equivalent to chloride, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mol equivalent to chloride.
17. Method according to any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the at least one aluminum compound has the general formula R'nAl3-n or Al2Y3RS, wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Y represents Cl, Br or I, n is any number within the range 1 < n <2.
PCT/EP2009/000030 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins WO2009095147A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX2010008426A MX2010008426A (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins.
JP2010544609A JP5539229B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Process for preparing linear alpha olefins
CN2009801035931A CN101932541A (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 The method for preparing linear alpha-alkene
RU2010136280/04A RU2469014C2 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method of producing linear alpha-olefins
ES09705284.9T ES2520091T3 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method to prepare linear alpha-olefins
EP09705284.9A EP2234945B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins
BRPI0907001-0A BRPI0907001B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 METHOD FOR PREPARING LINEAR ALPHA OLEFINS
CA2711093A CA2711093C (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins
US12/735,585 US9593055B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-01-07 Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins
ZA2010/04482A ZA201004482B (en) 2008-01-30 2010-06-24 Method for preparing linear alpha-olefins

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08001677.7 2008-01-30
EP08001677 2008-01-30

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WO2009095147A1 true WO2009095147A1 (en) 2009-08-06

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