WO2009095120A1 - Method and apparatus for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from a cement manufacturing plant - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from a cement manufacturing plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009095120A1
WO2009095120A1 PCT/EP2008/065951 EP2008065951W WO2009095120A1 WO 2009095120 A1 WO2009095120 A1 WO 2009095120A1 EP 2008065951 W EP2008065951 W EP 2008065951W WO 2009095120 A1 WO2009095120 A1 WO 2009095120A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
condensation
exhaust gases
temperature
volatile components
condensation body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/065951
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009095120A4 (en
Inventor
Morten Drivsholm
Niels Ole Cedergaard
Agust ÖRN EINARSSON
Original Assignee
Flsmidth A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flsmidth A/S filed Critical Flsmidth A/S
Publication of WO2009095120A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009095120A1/en
Publication of WO2009095120A4 publication Critical patent/WO2009095120A4/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/60—Methods for eliminating alkali metals or compounds thereof, e.g. from the raw materials or during the burning process; methods for eliminating other harmful components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D7/00—Sublimation
    • B01D7/02—Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0233—Other waste gases from cement factories

Definitions

  • the shown apparatus 7 according to the invention for removing volatile components from the cement manufacturing plant further comprises means 11 for injecting water onto that part of the discs 9 which are located outside the transition zone 3 in order to obtain an enhanced cooling.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

Described is a method as well as an apparatus for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from a cement manufacturing plant, which plant comprises a preheater (1) for preheating cement raw materials, a kiln (5) for burning cement clinker, and a transition zone (3) between the preheater (1) and the kiln (5). The method and apparatus is peculiar in that a condensation body (9) having a temperature which is lower than the condensation temperature of the volatile components is introduced into the exhaust gases at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases exceeds the mentioned condensation temperature so that volatile components when brought into contact with the condensation body are cooled to a level below their condensation temperature and are thereby condensed and deposited on the condensation body (9), and in that the condensation body (9) is subsequently taken out from the exhaust gases and cleaned of deposited condensation products.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING VOLATILE COMPONENTS, SUCH AS CHLORIDE, ALKALI AND SULPHUR, FROM A CEMENT MANUFACTURING PLANT
The present invention relates to a method for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from a cement manufacturing plant, which plant comprises a preheater for preheating cement raw materials, a kiln for burning cement clinker, and a transition zone between the preheater and the kiln. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
Methods and apparatuses of the aforementioned kind are generally known. The known apparatuses which are used to reduce the quantity of volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur which have been introduced to a cement manufacturing plant together with the cement raw materials and the fuel, and which circulate in the kiln system of the plant, with potential to cause clogging and unsteady kiln operation, operate, briefly described, according to a principle where a portion of the kiln exhaust gases via a bypass are extracted from the transition zone between the preheater and the kiln and subjected to cooling in a separate chamber through the use air and/or water to a temperature below the condensation temperature of the volatile components, thereby allowing the volatile components to be separated from the exhaust gases in solid form, for subsequent disposal or possible application in the finished cement or for other purposes. The disadvantage associated with the known apparatus using a bypass is that the energy contained in the extracted exhaust gases is often lost or loses its value for applications elsewhere in the system. Typically, the quantity of kiln exhaust gases being drawn through a bypass of known kind constitutes between 2 and 10 per cent of the total exhaust gas quantity from the kiln, dependent on the quantity and composition of the volatile components. Furthermore, the provision as well as the operation of a bypass of known kind will entail significant expenses.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a method as well as an apparatus for removing volatile components from a cement manufacturing plant by means of which the aforementioned disadvantages are eliminated or significantly reduced.
According to the invention this is achieved by a method of the kind mentioned in the introduction, and being characterized in that a condensation body having a temperature which is lower than the condensation temperature of the volatile components is introduced into the exhaust gases at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases exceeds the mentioned condensation temperature so that volatile components when brought into contact with the condensation body are cooled to a level below their condensation temperature and are thereby condensed and deposited on the condensation body, and in that the condensation body is subsequently taken out from the exhaust gases and cleaned of deposited condensation products.
The apparatus for carrying out the method according to the present invention for removing volatile components from a cement manufacturing plant is characterized in that it comprises a condensation body which is arranged for being introduced into and taken out from the exhaust gases at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases exceeds the condensation temperature of the volatile components, means for taking the condensation body into and out from the exhaust gases and means for cleaning the condensation body of deposited condensation products.
By the method as well as the apparatus according to the invention it is hereby obtained that the energy loss in connection with the removal of volatile components from a cement manufacturing plant may be significantly reduced.
Further, the costs associated with the provision and operation of the apparatus may be reduced. This is due to the fact that the removal of the volatile components takes place in the main line of the plant, thereby significantly reducing the energy loss to the quantity of energy which is transferred from the condensed components to the condensation body introduced into the exhaust gases. Also, it will entail elimination of costs for a bypass and the operation of a fan for drawing a relatively significant amount of exhaust gases through this bypass. A further advantage associated with the fact that the plant does not incorporate a bypass with a separate fan is that this will significantly lessen the disruptive impact on the draught conditions through the system.
In order to ensure condensation of volatile components on the condensation body, the condensation body must, as previously mentioned, when introduced into the exhaust gases have a temperature which is lower than the condensation temperature of the volatile components. The lower the temperature of the condensation body is when introduced into the exhaust gases, the greater is its capacity for achieving condensation of volatile components. The exact condensation temperature for the volatile components depends upon their nature and composition but will typically be within the range of 800 - 900 0C. Therefore, it is preferred that the temperature of the condensation body when introduced into the exhaust gases is at a maximum level of 900 0C, preferably no more than 800 0C. For enhancement of the capacity of the condensation body it is further preferred that the body is cooled by water, air or another cooling medium. Cooling may be effected by cooling the surface of the condensation body or by circulation of cooling medium in channels provided in the condensation body.
The condensation body may in principle be introduced at any location in the cement manufacturing plant where the aforementioned condition in relation to the exhaust gas temperature is satisfied. However, it is preferred that the condensation body is introduced at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases is within the range of 900 - 1200 0C. In practice, this may be the case in the transition zone between the kiln and the preheater, or, in cases where the preheater comprises a calciner which is operated at high temperature level, at a location immediately after the calciner viewed in the direction of movement of the exhaust gases. The configuration of the condensation body is not a determining factor for the present invention and it may in principle be configured in any appropriate manner. In a simple configuration, the condensation body may comprise a number of rods or similar elements which are simultaneously or alternately introduced into and removed from the exhaust gases. However, it is preferred that the condensation body is configured in a way which will make it possible to achieve a higher degree of continuous removal of volatile components from the cement manufacturing plant. Hence it is preferred that the condensation body comprises one or several elements protruding partially into the exhaust gases and partially positioned outside the exhaust gas stream, and being configured for rotation about their centreline. The element(s) is (are) preferably of circular design in order to facilitate sealing and may as examples comprise discs, drums or similar.
That part of the condensation body which is located outside the exhaust gases will typically be surrounded by atmospheric air at ambient temperature, thereby attaining some degree of cooling. However, it is preferred that the apparatus comprises means for active cooling of the condensation body. These means may comprise means for cooling the surface of the condensation body through the use of air, water or another cooling medium. As an alternative or supplementary feature, these means may comprise cooling channels provided in the condensation body for circulation of cooling medium.
The invention will now be explained in further details with reference to the drawing, being diagrammatical, and where
Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a cement manufacturing plant viewed from the side which comprises an apparatus according to the present invention for removing volatile components , and
Fig. 2 shows the sectional view of the cement manufacturing plant shown in Fig. 1 viewed from the front. In Fig. 1 and 2 is seen a sectional view of a plant for manufacturing cement clinker, which plant comprises a preheater 1 for preheating cement raw materials, a rotary kiln 5 in which cement raw materials in counter flow to hot kiln exhaust gases are burned into cement clinker, as well as a transition zone 3 in the form of a riser duct for diverting exhaust gases from the rotary kiln 5 and onward to the preheater 1.
The shown plant further comprises an apparatus 7 according to the invention for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from the cement manufacturing plant, which apparatus 7 comprises a condensation body 9, which through the use of appropriate means 10 can be directed into and away from the exhaust gases at a location in the cement manufacturing plant where the temperature of the exhaust gases exceeds the condensation temperature of the volatile components. In the shown embodiment the condensation body 9 comprises two discs 9 which are mounted on a shaft 10 which through the use of appropriate means can be made to rotate. On the drawing the condensation body 9 is located in immediate proximity of the transition zone 3 in such a way that approximately one-third of the discs 9 protrude into the exhaust gases in the transition zone 3 and so that approximately two-thirds of the discs 9 are located outside the transition zone 3. By using rotating discs 9 which during their rotation are directed into and away from the exhaust gases in the transition zone 3, the removal of volatile components from the cement manufacturing plant can thus be carried out on a continuous basis.
During the operation of the plant the discs 9 rotate so that their coldest parts are constantly introduced into the exhaust gases in the transition zone 3. This will cause volatile components present in gaseous form in the exhaust gases, when making contact with the discs 9, to be cooled to a level below their condensation temperature, causing them to undergo condensation and be deposited on the discs 9. The hottest parts of the discs 9 are simultaneously removed from the transition zone 3 and subsequently cleaned of deposited condensation products for example through the use of appropriate scraper elements 12.
As shown in the drawing in dotted lines, the condensation body may alternatively be located in the preheater 1 if the latter incorporates a calciner which is operated at a temperature which is higher than the condensation temperature of the volatile components, or in the calciner itself.
The shown apparatus 7 according to the invention for removing volatile components from the cement manufacturing plant further comprises means 11 for injecting water onto that part of the discs 9 which are located outside the transition zone 3 in order to obtain an enhanced cooling.

Claims

Claims
1. A method for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from a cement manufacturing plant, which plant comprises a preheater (1 ) for preheating cement raw materials, a kiln (5) for burning cement clinker, and a transition zone (3) between the preheater (1 ) and the kiln (5), characterized in that a condensation body (9) having a temperature which is lower than the condensation temperature of the volatile components is introduced into the exhaust gases at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases exceeds the mentioned condensation temperature so that volatile components when brought into contact with the condensation body are cooled to a level below their condensation temperature and are thereby condensed and deposited on the condensation body (9), and in that the condensation body (9) is subsequently taken out from the exhaust gases and cleaned of deposited condensation products.
2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the temperature of the condensation body (9) when introduced into the exhaust gases is at a maximum level of 900 0C, preferably no more than 800 0C.
3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the condensation body (9) is cooled by water, air or another cooling medium.
4. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the condensation body (9) is introduced at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases is within the range of 900 - 1200 0C.
5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the condensation body (9) is introduced in the transition zone (3) between the kiln (5) and the preheater (1 ), or, in cases where the preheater (1 ) comprises a calciner which is operated at high temperature level, at a location immediately after the calciner viewed in the direction of movement of the exhaust gases.
6. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to any of the proceeding claims for removing volatile components from a cement manufacturing plant, characterized in comprising a condensation body (9) which is arranged for being introduced into and taken out from the exhaust gases at a location where the temperature of the exhaust gases exceeds the condensation temperature of the volatile components, means (10) for taking the condensation body into and out from the exhaust gases and means (12) for cleaning the condensation body (9) of deposited condensation products.
7. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the condensation body (9) comprises one or several elements (9) protruding partially into the exhaust gases and partially positioned outside the exhaust gas stream, and being configured for rotation about their centreline.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the elements (9) are of circular design.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the elements (9) comprise discs, drums or similar.
10. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises means (11 ) for active cooling of the condensation body (9).
PCT/EP2008/065951 2008-02-01 2008-11-21 Method and apparatus for removing volatile components, such as chloride, alkali and sulphur, from a cement manufacturing plant WO2009095120A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200800140 2008-02-01
DK200800140A DK176861B1 (en) 2008-02-01 2008-02-01 Device for removing volatile components, such as chlorine, alkali and sulfur, from a cement manufacturing plant

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WO2009095120A1 true WO2009095120A1 (en) 2009-08-06
WO2009095120A4 WO2009095120A4 (en) 2009-10-01

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012069057A1 (en) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-31 Flsmidth A/S An apparatus for removing volatile components from exhaust gases in a cement manufacturing plant
EP2738146A4 (en) * 2011-07-25 2015-03-04 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Cement plant

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043703A (en) * 1958-08-05 1962-07-10 Fuller Co Method for the production of hydraulic cement
US3198247A (en) * 1958-08-05 1965-08-03 Fuller Co Apparatus for the production of hydraulic cement
GB1001368A (en) * 1961-06-07 1965-08-18 Polysius Gmbh A method of removing the alkalis from the flue gas emanating from a cement kiln and cement kilning plant for performing the method
US3291205A (en) * 1964-05-21 1966-12-13 American Cement Corp Apparatus for alkali metal condensation in cement kilns
FR2109491A6 (en) * 1970-10-23 1972-05-26 Fives Lille Cail Dry cement prodn - with alkali condensing device between furnace and preheater in gas recycle ducts
DE19718017C1 (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-10-01 Maury Hans Dietmar Process for reducing the chloride compounds in cement clinker kilns

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043703A (en) * 1958-08-05 1962-07-10 Fuller Co Method for the production of hydraulic cement
US3198247A (en) * 1958-08-05 1965-08-03 Fuller Co Apparatus for the production of hydraulic cement
GB1001368A (en) * 1961-06-07 1965-08-18 Polysius Gmbh A method of removing the alkalis from the flue gas emanating from a cement kiln and cement kilning plant for performing the method
US3291205A (en) * 1964-05-21 1966-12-13 American Cement Corp Apparatus for alkali metal condensation in cement kilns
FR2109491A6 (en) * 1970-10-23 1972-05-26 Fives Lille Cail Dry cement prodn - with alkali condensing device between furnace and preheater in gas recycle ducts
DE19718017C1 (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-10-01 Maury Hans Dietmar Process for reducing the chloride compounds in cement clinker kilns

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012069057A1 (en) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-31 Flsmidth A/S An apparatus for removing volatile components from exhaust gases in a cement manufacturing plant
EP2738146A4 (en) * 2011-07-25 2015-03-04 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Cement plant

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Publication number Publication date
DK200800140A (en) 2009-08-02
WO2009095120A4 (en) 2009-10-01
DK176861B1 (en) 2010-01-11

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