WO2009091374A2 - Fused heterocyclic derivatives and methods of use - Google Patents

Fused heterocyclic derivatives and methods of use Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009091374A2
WO2009091374A2 PCT/US2008/011724 US2008011724W WO2009091374A2 WO 2009091374 A2 WO2009091374 A2 WO 2009091374A2 US 2008011724 W US2008011724 W US 2008011724W WO 2009091374 A2 WO2009091374 A2 WO 2009091374A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkylene
mmol
heterocyclo
allowed
valance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/011724
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2009091374A3 (en
Inventor
Brian K. Albrecht
David Bauer
Steven Bellon
Christiane M. Bode
Shon Booker
Alessandro Boezio
Deborah Choquette
Erin D'amico
Jean-Christophe Harmange
Satoko Hirai
Randall W. Hungate
Tae-Seong Kim
Richard T. Lewis
Longbin Liu
Julia Lohman
Mark H. Norman
Michelle Potashman
Aaron C. Siegmund
Stephanie Springer
Markian Stec
Ning Xi
Kevin Yang
Emily A. Peterson
Karina Romero
Katrina W. Copeland
Original Assignee
Amgen Inc.
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=40785454&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2009091374(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to CN200880128069.5A priority Critical patent/CN102007125B/en
Priority to CA2711101A priority patent/CA2711101C/en
Priority to AU2008348182A priority patent/AU2008348182B2/en
Priority to JP2010543090A priority patent/JP4762367B2/en
Priority to UAA201010138A priority patent/UA98373C2/en
Priority to EP16201037.5A priority patent/EP3170824B1/en
Priority to ES08870985.2T priority patent/ES2644873T3/en
Priority to EA201001159A priority patent/EA019506B1/en
Priority to BRPI0821994A priority patent/BRPI0821994B8/en
Priority to EP08870985.2A priority patent/EP2231663B1/en
Priority to NZ586579A priority patent/NZ586579A/en
Priority to MX2010007683A priority patent/MX2010007683A/en
Application filed by Amgen Inc. filed Critical Amgen Inc.
Publication of WO2009091374A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009091374A2/en
Publication of WO2009091374A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009091374A3/en
Priority to IL206704A priority patent/IL206704A0/en
Priority to ZA2010/04670A priority patent/ZA201004670B/en
Priority to TNP2010000318A priority patent/TN2010000318A1/en
Priority to MA33074A priority patent/MA32070B1/en

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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/538—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/437—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. indolizine, beta-carboline
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
    • A61K31/497—Non-condensed pyrazines containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
    • A61K31/5025—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
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    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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    • C07D473/32—Nitrogen atom
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07D498/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • This invention is in the field of pharmaceutical agents and specifically relates to compounds, compositions, uses and methods for treating cancer.
  • Protein kinases represent a large family of proteins, which play a central role in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes, maintaining control over cellular function.
  • a partial list of such kinases includes abl, Akt, bcr-abl, BIk, Brk, Btk, c-kit, c-Met, c-src, c-fins, CDKl, CDK2, CDK3, CDK4, CDK5, CDK6, CDK7, CDK8, CDK9, CDKlO, cRafl, CSFlR, CSK, EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4, Erk, Fak, fes, FGFRl, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, FGFR5, Fgr, flt-1, Fps, Frk, Fyn, Hck, IGF-IR, INS-R, Jak, KDR, Lck, Lyn, MEK, p38, PDGFR,
  • c-Met The hepatocyte growth factor receptor
  • c-Met is a unique receptor tyrosine kinase shown to be overexpressed in a variety of malignancies.
  • c-Met typically comprises, in its native form, a 190-kDa heterodimeric (a disulfide-linked 50-kDa ⁇ -chain and a 145-kDa ⁇ - chain) membrane-spanning tyrosine kinase protein (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84:6379-6383 (1987)).
  • c-Met is mainly expressed in epithelial cells and stimulation of c-Met leads to scattering, angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. (See Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, 13:41-59 (2002)).
  • HGF hepatocyte growth factor
  • HGF-SF Hepatocyte Growth Factor- Scatter Factor
  • Goldberg and Rosen eds.
  • Birkhauser Verlag-Basel 67-79 (1993).
  • the biological effect of HGF/SF may depend in part on the target cell.
  • HGF HGF induces a spectrum of biological activities in epithelial cells, including mitogenesis, stimulation of cell motility and promotion of matrix invasion (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 122:1450-1459 (1984); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,
  • HGF can also act as a "scatter factor", an activity that promotes the dissociation of epithelial and vascular endothelial cells (Nature, 327:239-242 (1987); J. Cell Biol., 111 :2097-2108 (1990); EMBO J., 10:2867- 2878 (1991); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90:649-653 (1993)).
  • HGF Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Scatter Factor
  • C-Met Receptor Goldberg and Rosen, eds., Birkhauser Verlag-Basel, 131-165 (1993)
  • HGF and c-Met are expressed at abnormally high levels in a large variety of solid tumors. High levels of HGF and/or c-Met have been observed in liver, breast, pancreas, lung, kidney, bladder, ovary, brain, prostate, gallbladder and myeloma tumors in addition to many others.
  • the role of HGF/c-Met in metastasis has been investigated in mice using cell lines transformed with HGF/c-Met (J. MoI.
  • HGF is a morphogen (Development, 1 10:1271-1284 (1990); Cell, 66:697-711 (1991)) and a potent angiogenic factor (J. Cell Biol., 119:629-641 (1992)).
  • Angiogenesis can be stimulated by HGF, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).
  • HGF vascular endothelial growth factor
  • bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor
  • Angiogenesis the process of sprouting new blood vessels from existing vasculature and arteriogenesis, the remodeling of small vessels into larger conduit vessels are both physiologically important aspects of vascular growth in adult tissues. These processes of vascular growth are required for beneficial processes such as tissue repair, wound healing, recovery from tissue ischemia and menstrual cycling. They are also required for the development of pathological conditions such as the growth of neoplasias, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, certain forms of macular degeneration, and certain inflammatory pathologies. The inhibition of vascular growth in these contexts has also shown beneficial effects in preclinical animal models.
  • angiogenesis For example, inhibition of angiogenesis by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor or its receptor has resulted in inhibition of tumor growth and in retinopathy. Also, the development of pathological pannus tissue in rheumatoid arthritis involves angiogenesis and might be blocked by inhibitors of angiogenesis.
  • the ability to stimulate vascular growth has potential utility for treatment of ischemia- induced pathologies such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke.
  • ischemia- induced pathologies such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke.
  • the sprouting of new vessels and/or the expansion of small vessels in ischemic tissues prevents ischemic tissue death and induces tissue repair.
  • Certain diseases are known to be associated with deregulated angiogenesis, for example ocular neovascularization, such as retinopathies (including diabetic retinopathy), age-related macular degeneration, psoriasis, hemangioblastoma, hemangioma, arteriosclerosis, inflammatory disease, such as a rheumatoid or rheumatic inflammatory disease, especially arthritis (including rheumatoid arthritis), or other chronic inflammatory disorders, such as chronic asthma, arterial or post- transplantational atherosclerosis, endometriosis, and neoplastic diseases, for example so-called solid tumors and liquid tumors (such as leukemias). Treatment of malaria and related viral diseases may also be mediated by HGF and cMet.
  • HGF HGF-like growth factor
  • c-Met Elevated levels of HGF and c-Met have also been observed in non-oncological settings, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction and rheumatoid arthritis. It has been observed that levels of HGF increase in the plasma of patients with hepatic failure (Gohda et al., supra) and in the plasma (Hepatol., 13:734-750 (1991)) or serum (J. Biochem., 109:8-13 (1991)) of animals with experimentally induced liver damage. HGF has also been shown to be a mitogen for certain cell types, including melanocytes, renal tubular cells, keratinocytes, certain endothelial cells and cells of epithelial origin (Biochem. Biophys. Res.
  • Diamon Shamrock Corp. application WO 83/00864 discloses certain Triazolotriazine compounds that are useful as anti-inflammatory agents.
  • Yamanouchi applications EP 1481955 and US 2005/0261297 disclose certain nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that are therapeutic agents having a bone formation-stimulating effect.
  • Compounds of the current invention are inhibitors of c-Met. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • a class of compounds useful in treating cancer and angiogenesis is defined by Formulae, IV, V, VI and VII
  • J is N or CR 3 ;
  • W is CR 2b ;
  • W* is N or CR 2b ;
  • X is O or S;
  • Z and Z* are independently -O-, -S(O) V -, or -NR 5 -;
  • R a , R b , R c and R d are each independently H, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, -NO 2 , -CN, -NR 5 R 5a , -OR 4 ,
  • R 5 and R 5a are independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl; and
  • G 1 and G 2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G 1 and G 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring;
  • R 5 and R 5a are independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R 10 ; or R 5 and R 5a may combine to form a heterocyclo ring optionally substituted with one or more R 1 ;
  • any two R 10 groups attached to the same atom or attached to adjacent atoms may combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8 membered ring system; m is 0 or 1 ; n is 0, 1 or 2; q and t are each independently 0 or 1 ; v is 0, 1 or 2.
  • Preferred compounds include compounds wherein R 1 is phenyl, naphthyl, benzodioxolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazidinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazinyl, triazolopyridinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyridazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrrolopyridazinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolop
  • R 1 groups include
  • Preferred R 1 groups further include
  • a is a bond or is absent
  • U 5 is C or N
  • U 6 is NH, O or S; and m+ is O, 1, 2 or 3 .
  • R 2 groups include
  • m* is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, as allowed by valence.
  • Preferred compounds of the present invention include compounds having either or both of preferred R 1 groups and preferred R 2 groups either alone or in any combination thereof.
  • Preferred compounds of the present invention include compounds wherein R a , R , R c and R d groups are independently hydrogen, alkyl (especially methyl), and halogen (especially fluorine).
  • Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I and II include compounds of the following formualae IA, IB, IC, ID and HA
  • R 2a , R 2b , R 3 , Z, Z*, n, q and t are as previously defined above.
  • Preferred compounds of formulae IA, IB, IC, ID and HA include compounds having any of the preferred R 1 groups and R 2 groups, either alone or in any combination thereof.
  • Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I and II also include compounds having the following formula IE, IF, HB and HC
  • G 1 and G 2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G 1 and G 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring; and further wherein q is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n* is 0, 1 or 2; t* is 0 or 1
  • U 1 , U 2 , U 3 and U 4 are each independently C, or N;
  • R 1Oc at each occurence is independently selected from the groups listed in the definition of R 10 previously described above.
  • Preferred compounds of formulae IE, IF, HB and HC include compounds having any of the preferred R 2 groups described above.
  • Preferred compounds within the scope of formulae IE and IF include compounds of the following formula IEi, IEii, IEiii, IEiv, IFi, IFii, IFiii and IFiv
  • Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I further include compounds of the following formula IEA and IFA
  • G 1 and G 2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G 1 and G 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring.
  • Preferred compounds of formulae IEA and IFA include compounds having any of the preferred R 2 groups described above.
  • Preferred compounds of formulae IEA and IFA include compounds of formulae IEAi, IEAii, IEAiii, IFAi, IFAii and IFAiii
  • Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I further include compounds of the following formula IG or IH
  • U is CR , 1 1 0 U c C or N
  • variables R a a , ⁇ R>b b , D 2a R , D R2b , D R 1 1 0 U a a , D R 1 i 0 ⁇ b b , R , 1 i 0 ⁇ c c , and Z* are as previously defined above, provided that in compounds of formula IG R 2 is not phenyl substituted with a group
  • G 1 and G 2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G 1 and G 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring.
  • Preferred compounds of formulae IG and IH include compounds having any of the preferred R 2 groups described above.
  • Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I further include compounds of the following formula IJ or IK
  • Preferred compounds of formulae IJ and IK include compounds having any of the preferred R 2 groups described above.
  • Preferred compounds of the present invention include the compounds exemplified herein.
  • the invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compounds, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier.
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating cancer in a subject using the above compounds.
  • the invention also relates to a method of reducing tumor size in a subject using the above compounds.
  • the invention also relates to a method of reducing metastasis in a tumor in a subject, using the above compounds.
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating HGF-mediated disorders in a subject using the above compounds.
  • Compounds of the present invention would be useful for, but not limited to, the prevention or treatment of angiogenesis related diseases.
  • the compounds of the invention have c-Met inhibitory activity.
  • the compounds of the invention are useful in therapy as antineoplasia agents or to minimize deleterious effects of HGF.
  • neoplasia including cancer and metastasis, including, but not limited to: carcinoma such as cancer of the bladder, breast, colon, kidney, liver, lung (including small cell lung cancer), esophagus, gall-bladder, ovary, pancreas, stomach, cervix, thyroid, prostate, and skin (including squamous cell carcinoma); hematopoietic tumors of lymphoid lineage (including leukemia, acute lymphocitic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, T-cell-lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, hairy cell lymphoma and Burkett's lymphoma); hematopoietic tumors of myeloid lineage (including acute and chronic myelogenous leukemias, myelodysplasia syndrome and promyelocytic leukemia); tumors
  • tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system including astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, glioma and schwannomas); and other tumors (including melanoma, seminoma, teratocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, xenoderoma pigmentosum, keratoctanthoma, thyroid follicular cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma).
  • the compounds are useful for the treatment of neoplasia selected from lung cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer.
  • the compounds also would be useful for treatment of ophthalmological conditions such as corneal graft rejection, ocular neovascularization, retinal neovascularization including neovascularization following injury or infection, diabetic retinopathy, retrolental fibroplasia and neovascular glaucoma; retinal ischemia; vitreous hemorrhage; ulcerative diseases such as gastric ulcer; pathological, but non-malignant, conditions such as hemangiomas, including infantile hemaginomas, angiofibroma of the nasopharynx and avascular necrosis of bone; and disorders of the female reproductive system such as endometriosis.
  • the compounds are also useful for the treatment of edema, and conditions of vascular hyperpermeability.
  • the compounds of the invention are useful in therapy of proliferative diseases. These compounds can be used for the treatment of an inflammatory rheumatoid or rheumatic disease, especially of manifestations at the locomotor apparatus, such as various inflammatory rheumatoid diseases, especially chronic polyarthritis including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis or psoriasis arthropathy; paraneoplastic syndrome or tumor-induced inflammatory diseases, turbid effusions, collagenosis, such as systemic Lupus erythematosus, poly-myositis, dermato-myositis, systemic sclerodermia or mixed collagenosis; postinfectious arthritis (where no living pathogenic organism can be found at or in the affected part of the body), seronegative spondylarthritis, such as spondylitis ankylosans; vasculitis, sarcoidosis, or arthrosis; or further any combinations thereof.
  • synovial inflammation for example, synovitis, including any of the particular forms of synovitis, in particular bursal synovitis and purulent synovitis, as far as it is not crystal-induced.
  • synovial inflammation may for example, be consequential to or associated with disease, e.g. arthritis, e.g. osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or arthritis deformans.
  • the present invention is further applicable to the systemic treatment of inflammation, e.g. inflammatory diseases or conditions, of the joints or locomotor apparatus in the region of the tendon insertions and tendon sheaths.
  • Such inflammation may be, for example, consequential to or associated with disease or further (in a broader sense of the invention) with surgical intervention, including, in particular conditions such as insertion endopathy, myofasciale syndrome and tendomyosis.
  • the present invention is further especially applicable to the treatment of inflammation, e.g. inflammatory disease or condition, of connective tissues including dermatomyositis and myositis.
  • These compounds can be used as active agents against such disease states as arthritis, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, hemangiomas, myocardial angiogenesis, coronary and cerebral collaterals, ischemic limb angiogenesis, wound healing, peptic ulcer Helicobacter related diseases, fractures, cat scratch fever, rubeosis, neovascular glaucoma and retinopathies such as those associated with diabetic retinopathy or macular degeneration.
  • some of these compounds can be used as active agents against solid tumors, malignant ascites, hematopoietic cancers and hyperproliferative disorders such as thyroid hyperplasia (especially Grave's disease), and cysts (such as hypervascularity of ovarian stroma, characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (Stein-Leventhal syndrome)) since such diseases require a proliferation of blood vessel cells for growth and/or metastasis.
  • thyroid hyperplasia especially Grave's disease
  • cysts such as hypervascularity of ovarian stroma, characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (Stein-Leventhal syndrome)
  • some of these compounds can be used as active agents against burns, chronic lung disease, stroke, polyps, anaphylaxis, chronic and allergic inflammation, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, brain tumor-associated cerebral edema, high-altitude, trauma or hypoxia induced cerebral or pulmonary edema, ocular and macular edema, ascites, and other diseases where vascular hyperpermeability, effusions, exudates, protein extravasation, or edema is a manifestation of the disease.
  • the compounds will also be useful in treating disorders in which protein extravasation leads to the deposition of fibrin and extracellular matrix, promoting stromal proliferation (e.g. fibrosis, cirrhosis and carpal tunnel syndrome).
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of ulcers including bacterial, fungal, Mooren ulcers and ulcerative colitis.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of conditions wherein undesired angiogenesis, edema, or stromal deposition occurs in viral infections such as Herpes simplex, Herpes Zoster, AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma, protozoan infections and toxoplasmosis, following trauma, radiation, stroke, endometriosis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, systemic lupus, sarcoidosis, synovitis, Crohn's disease, sickle cell anemia, Lyme disease, pemphigoid, Paget's disease, hyperviscosity syndrome, Osler-Weber-Rendu disease, chronic inflammation, chronic occlusive pulmonary disease, asthma, and inflammatory rheumatoid or rheumatic disease.
  • viral infections such as Herpes simplex, Herpes Zoster, AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma, protozoan infections and toxoplasmosis, following trauma, radiation, stroke,
  • the compounds are also useful in the reduction of subcutaneous fat and for the treatment of obesity.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of ocular conditions such as ocular and macular edema, ocular neovascular disease, scleritis, radial keratotomy, uveitis, vitritis, myopia, optic pits, chronic retinal detachment, post-laser complications, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, Stargardt's disease and Eales disease in addition to retinopathy and macular degeneration.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, arteriosclerosis, vascular occlusion and carotid obstructive disease.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of cancer related indications such as solid tumors, sarcomas (especially Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma), retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastoma, hematopoietic malignancies, including leukemia and lymphoma, tumor-induced pleural or pericardial effusions, and malignant ascites.
  • cancer related indications such as solid tumors, sarcomas (especially Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma), retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastoma, hematopoietic malignancies, including leukemia and lymphoma, tumor-induced pleural or pericardial effusions, and malignant ascites.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of diabetic conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and microangiopathy.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the reduction of blood flow in a tumor in a subject.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the reduction of metastasis of a tumor in a subject.
  • the compounds of this invention may also act as inhibitors of other protein kinases, e.g. tie-2, lck, src, fgf, c-Met, ron, ckit and ret, and thus be effective in the treatment of diseases associated with other protein kinases.
  • these compounds are also useful for veterinary treatment of companion animals, exotic animals and farm animals, including mammals, rodents, and the like. More preferred animals include horses, dogs, and cats.
  • the compounds of the present invention include the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.
  • Angiogenesis is defined as any alteration of an existing vascular bed or the formation of new vasculature, which benefits tissue perfasion. This includes the formation of new vessels by sprouting of endothelial cells from existing blood vessels or the remodeling of existing vessels to alter size, maturity, direction or flow properties to improve blood perfusion of tissue.
  • HGF refers to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. This includes purified hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, chemically synthesized fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, derivatives or mutated versions of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, and fusion proteins comprising hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and another protein. "HGF” as used herein also includes hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor isolated from species other than humans.
  • c-Met refers to the receptor for HGF. This includes purified receptor, fragments of receptor, chemically synthesized fragments of receptor, derivatives or mutated versions of receptor, and fusion proteins comprising the receptor and another protein. “c-Met” as used herein also includes the HGF receptor isolated from a species other than humans.
  • HGF refers to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. This includes purified hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, chemically synthesized fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, derivatives or mutated versions of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, and fusion proteins comprising hepatocyte growth.factor/scatter factor and another protein. "HGF” as used herein also includes hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor isolated from species other than humans.
  • c-Met refers to the receptor for HGF. This includes purified receptor, fragments of receptor, chemically synthesized fragments of receptor, derivatives or mutated versions of receptor, and fusion proteins comprising the receptor and another protein. “c-Met” as used herein also includes the HGF receptor isolated from a species other than humans.
  • hepatocyte growth factor and "HGF” refer to a growth factor typically having a structure with six domains (finger, Kringle 1, Kringle 2, Kringle 3, Kringle 4 and serine protease domains). Fragments of HGF constitute HGF with fewer domains and variants of HGF may have some of the domains of HGF repeated; both are included if they still retain their respective ability to bind a HGF receptor.
  • the terms "hepatocyte growth factor” and “HGF” include hepatocyte growth factor from humans (“huHGF”) and any non-human mammalian species, and in particular rat HGF.
  • Human HGF is encoded by the cDNA sequence published by Miyazawa et al. (1989), supra, or Nakamura et al. (1989), supra.
  • the sequences reported by Miyazawa et al. and Nakamura et al. differ in 14 amino acids. The reason for the differences is not entirely clear; polymorphism or cloning artifacts are among the possibilities. Both sequences are specifically encompassed by the foregoing terms.
  • HGF hepatocyte growth factor
  • HGF receptor and c-Met
  • the present definition specifically encompasses soluble forms of HGF receptor, and HGF receptor from natural sources, synthetically produced in vitro or obtained by genetic manipulation including methods of recombinant DNA technology.
  • the HGF receptor variants or fragments preferably share at least about 65% sequence homology, and more preferably at least about 75% sequence homology with any domain of the human c-Met amino acid sequence published in Rodrigues et al., MoI. Cell. Biol., 11 :2962-2970 (1991); Park et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 84:6379-6383 (1987); or Ponzetto et al., Oncogene, 6:553- 559 (1991).
  • agonist and “agonistic” when used herein refer to or describe a molecule which is capable of, directly or indirectly, substantially inducing, promoting or enhancing HGF biological activity or HGF receptor activation.
  • cancer refers to or describe the physiological condition in mammals that is typically characterized by unregulated cell growth.
  • examples of cancer include but are not limited to, carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma, blastoma and leukemia. More particular examples of such cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, hepatoma, breast cancer, colon carcinoma, and head and neck cancer. While the term “cancer” as used herein is not limited to any one specific form of the disease, it is believed that the methods of the invention will be particularly effective for cancers which are found to be accompanied by increased levels of HGF or expression of c-Met in the mammal.
  • treating refers to curative therapy, prophylactic therapy, and preventative therapy.
  • mammal refers to any mammal classified as a mammal, including humans, cows, horses, dogs and cats. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mammal is a human.
  • treatment includes therapeutic treatment as well as prophylactic treatment (either preventing the onset of disorders altogether or delaying the onset of a pre-clinically evident stage of disorders in individuals).
  • a “pharmaceutically-acceptable derivative” denotes any salt, ester of a compound of this invention, or any other compound which upon administration to a patient is capable of providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of this invention, or a metabolite or residue thereof, characterized by the ability to inhibit angiogenesis.
  • neoplastic therapeutic agents prolong the survivability of the patient, inhibit the rapidly proliferating cell growth associated with the neoplasm, or effect a regression of the neoplasm.
  • H denotes a single hydrogen atom. This radical may be attached, for example, to an oxygen atom to form a hydroxyl radical.
  • alkyl is used, either alone or within other terms such as “haloalkyl” and “alkylamino", it embraces linear or branched radicals having one to about twelve carbon atoms. More preferred alkyl radicals are “lower alkyl” radicals having one to about six carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, . sec-butyl, tert-buty ⁇ , pentyl, isoamyl, hexyl and the like. Even more preferred are lower alkyl radicals having one or two carbon atoms.
  • alkylenyl embraces bridging divalent alkyl radicals such as methylenyl and ethylenyl.
  • the term "lower alkyl substituted with R 2" does not include an acetal moiety.
  • alkenyl embraces linear or branched radicals having at least one carbon- carbon double bond of two to about twelve carbon atoms. More preferred alkenyl radicals are
  • lower alkenyl radicals having two to about six carbon atoms. Most preferred lower alkenyl radicals are radicals having two to about four carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl radicals include ethenyl, propenyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl and 4-methylbutenyl.
  • alkenyl and lower alkenyl embrace radicals having "cis” and “trans” orientations, or alternatively, "E” and "Z” orientations.
  • alkynyl denotes linear or branched radicals having at least one carbon- carbon triple bond and having two to about twelve carbon atoms. More preferred alkynyl radicals are "lower alkynyl” radicals having two to about six carbon atoms. Most preferred are lower alkynyl radicals having two to about four carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include propargyl, butynyl, and the like.
  • Alkyl, alkylenyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl radicals may be optionally substituted with one or more functional groups such as halo, hydroxy, nitro, amino, cyano, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo and the like.
  • halo means halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms.
  • haloalkyl embraces radicals wherein any one or more of the alkyl carbon atoms is substituted with halo as defined above. Specifically embraced are monohaloalkyl, dihaloalkyl and polyhaloalkyl radicals including perhaloalkyl.
  • a monohaloalkyl radical for one example, may have either an iodo, bromo, chloro or fluoro atom within the radical.
  • Dihalo and polyhaloalkyl radicals may have two or more of the same halo atoms or a combination of different halo radicals.
  • “Lower haloalkyl” embraces radicals having 1-6 carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower haloalkyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of haloalkyl radicals include fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoropropyl, difluorochloromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, difluoroethyl, difluoropropyl, dichloroethyl and dichloropropyl. "Perfluoroalkyl” means alkyl radicals having all hydrogen atoms replaced with fluoro atoms. Examples include trifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl.
  • hydroxyalkyl embraces linear or branched alkyl radicals having one to about ten carbon atoms any one of which may be substituted with one or more hydroxyl radicals. More preferred hydroxyalkyl radicals are "lower hydroxyalkyl” radicals having one to six carbon atoms and one or more hydroxyl radicals. Examples of such radicals include hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl and hydroxyhexyl. Even more preferred are lower hydroxyalkyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms.
  • alkoxy embraces linear or branched oxy-containing radicals each having alkyl portions of one to about ten carbon atoms.
  • More preferred alkoxy radicals are "lower alkoxy" radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and tert-butoxy. Even more preferred are lower alkoxy radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Alkoxy radicals may be further substituted with one or more halo atoms, such as fluoro, chloro or bromo, to provide "haloalkoxy" radicals. Even more preferred are lower haloalkoxy radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include fluoromethoxy, chloromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoroethoxy, fluoroethoxy and fluoropropoxy.
  • aryl alone or in combination, means a carbocycHc aromatic system containing one or two rings wherein such rings may be attached together in a fused manner.
  • aryl embraces aromatic radicals such as phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, and indanyl. More preferred aryl is phenyl.
  • Said "aryl” group may have 1 or more substituents such as lower alkyl, hydroxyl, halo, haloalkyl, nitro, cyano, alkoxy, lower alkylamino, and the like. Phenyl substituted with -0-CH 2 -O- forms the aryl benzodioxolyl substiruent.
  • heterocyclyl (or “heterocyclo”) embraces saturated, and partially saturated and heteroatom-containing ring radicals, where the heteroatoms may be selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. It does not include rings containing -O-O-,-O-S- or -S-S- portions.
  • Said "heterocyclyl” group may have 1 to 3 substituents such as hydroxyl, Boc, halo, haloalkyl, cyano, lower alkyl, lower aralkyl, oxo, lower alkoxy, amino, lower alkylamino, and the like.
  • saturated heterocyclic radicals include saturated 3 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic groups containing 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms [e.g. pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, piperazinyl]; saturated 3 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g. morpholinyl]; saturated 3 to 6- membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 sulfur atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g., thiazolidinyl].
  • nitrogen atoms e.g. pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, piperazinyl
  • saturated 3 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms e.g. morpholinyl
  • partially saturated heterocyclyl radicals include dihydrothienyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrofuryl, dihydrothiazolyl, and the like.
  • Particular examples of partially saturated and saturated heterocyclyl include pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, thiazolidinyl, dihydrothienyl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[l,4]dioxanyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, isochromanyl, chromanyl, 1,2- dihydroquinolyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolyl, 2,3,4,4a,9,9a- hexa
  • heterocyclyl also embraces radicals where heterocyclic radicals are fused/condensed with aryl radicals: unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 5 nitrogen atoms, for example, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, benzimidazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, tetrazolopyridazinyl [e.g., tetrazolo [1,5- b]pyridazinyl]; unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g.
  • benzoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 sulfur atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms
  • benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 sulfur atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms
  • saturated, partially unsaturated and unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen or sulfur atoms e.g. benzofuryl, benzothienyl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[l,4]dioxinyl and dihydrobenzofuryl].
  • heteroaryl denotes aryl ring systems that contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group O, N and S, wherein the ring nitrogen and sulfur atom(s) are optionally oxidized, and nitrogen atom(s) are optionally quarternized.
  • Examples include unsaturated 5 to 6 membered heteromonocyclyl group containing 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, for example, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazolyl [e.g., 4H-l,2,4-triazolyl, lH-l,2,3-triazolyl, 2H-l,2,3-triazolyl]; unsaturated 5- to 6- membered heteromonocyclic group containing an oxygen atom, for example, pyranyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, etc.; unsaturated 5 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing a sulfur atom, for example, 2-thienyI, 3-thienyl, etc.; unsaturated 5- to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1
  • sulfonyl whether used alone or linked to other terms such as alkylsulfonyl, denotes respectively divalent radicals -SO 2 -.
  • sulfamyl denotes a sulfonyl radical substituted with an amine radical, forming a sulfonamide (-SO 2 NH 2 ).
  • alkylaminosulfonyl includes "N-alkylaminosulfonyl” where sulfamyl radicals are independently substituted with one or two alkyl radical(s). More preferred alkylaminosulfonyl radicals are “lower alkylaminosulfonyl” radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminosulfonyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such lower alkylaminosulfonyl radicals include N-methylaminosulfonyl, and N-ethylaminosulfonyl.
  • carboxy or “carboxyl”, whether used alone or with other terms, such as “carboxyalkyl”, denotes -CO 2 H.
  • N-alkylaminocarbonyl and N,N-dialkylaminocarbonyl denote aminocarbonyl radicals independently substituted with one or two alkyl radicals, respectively. More preferred are “lower alkylaminocarbonyl” having lower alkyl radicals as described above attached to an aminocarbonyl radical.
  • N-arylaminocarbonyl and "N-alkyl-N-arylaminocarbonyl” denote aminocarbonyl radicals substituted, respectively, with one aryl radical, or one alkyl and one aryl radical.
  • heterocyclylalkylenyl and “heterocyclyl alkyl” embrace heterocyclic- substituted alkyl radicals. More preferred heterocyclylalkyl radicals are "5- or 6-membered heteroarylalkyl” radicals having alkyl portions of one to six carbon atoms and a 5- or 6- membered heteroaryl radical. Even more preferred are lower heteroarylalkylenyl radicals having alkyl portions of one to three carbon atoms. Examples include such radicals as pyridylmethyl and thienylmethyl.
  • aralkyl embraces aryl-substituted alkyl radicals.
  • Preferable aralkyl radicals are "lower aralkyl” radicals having aryl radicals attached to alkyl radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are “phenylalkylenyl” attached to alkyl portions having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include benzyl, diphenylmethyl and phenylethyl.
  • the aryl in said aralkyl may be additionally substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy, halkoalkyl and haloalkoxy.
  • alkylthio embraces radicals containing a linear or branched alkyl radical, of one to ten carbon atoms, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. Even more preferred are lower alkylthio radicals having one to three carbon atoms.
  • An example of “alkylthio” is methylthio, (CH 3 S-).
  • haloalkylthio embraces radicals containing a haloalkyl radical, of one to ten carbon atoms, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. Even more preferred are lower haloalkylthio radicals having one to three carbon atoms. An example of “haloalkylthio” is trifluoromethylthio.
  • alkylamino embraces “N-alkylamino” and "N,N-dialkylamino” where amino groups are independently substituted with one alkyl radical and with two alkyl radicals, respectively. More preferred alkylamino radicals are “lower alkylamino” radicals having one or two alkyl radicals of one to six carbon atoms, attached to a nitrogen atom. Even more preferred are lower alkylamino radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylamino radicals may be mono or dialkylamino such as N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N,N- dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino and the like.
  • arylamino denotes amino groups, which have been substituted with one or two aryl radicals, such as N-phenylamino.
  • the arylamino radicals may be further substituted on the aryl ring portion of the radical.
  • heteroarylamino denotes amino groups, which have been substituted with one or two heteroaryl radicals, such as N-thienylamino.
  • heteroarylamino radicals may be further substituted on the heteroaryl ring portion of the radical.
  • aralkylamino denotes amino groups, which have been substituted with one or two aralkyl radicals. More preferred are phenyl-Ci-C 3 -alkylamino radicals, such as N- benzylamino. The aralkylamino radicals may be further substituted on the aryl ring portion.
  • N-alkyl-N-arylamino and “N-aralkyl-N-alkylamino” denote amino groups, which have been independently substituted with one aralkyl and one alkyl radical, or one aryl and one alkyl radical, respectively, to an amino group.
  • aminoalkyl embraces linear or branched alkyl radicals having one to about ten carbon atoms any one of which may be substituted with one or more amino radicals. More preferred aminoalkyl radicals are "lower aminoalkyl” radicals having one to six carbon atoms and one or more amino radicals. Examples of such radicals include aminomethyl, aminoethyl, aminopropyl, aminobutyl and aminohexyl. Even more preferred are lower aminoalkyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms.
  • alkylaminoalkyl embraces alkyl radicals substituted with alkylamino radicals. More preferred alkylaminoalkyl radicals are "lower alkylaminoalkyl” radicals having alkyl radicals of one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminoalkyl radicals having alkyl radicals of one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylaminoalkyl radicals may be mono or dialkyl substituted, such as N-methylaminomethyl, N,N-dimethyl-aminoethyl, N,N-diethylaminomethyl and the like.
  • alkylaminoalkoxy embraces alkoxy radicals substituted with alkylamino radicals. More preferred alkylaminoalkoxy radicals are "lower alkylaminoalkoxy” radicals having alkoxy radicals of one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminoalkoxy radicals having alkyl radicals of one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylaminoalkoxy radicals may be mono or dialkyl substituted, such as N-methylaminoethoxy, N,N-dimethylaminoethoxy, N,N-diethylaminoethoxy and the like.
  • alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy embraces alkoxy radicals substituted with alkylaminoalkoxy radicals. More preferred alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy radicals are "lower alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy" radicals having alkoxy radicals of one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy radicals having alkyl radicals of one to three carbon atoms.
  • Suitable alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy radicals may be mono or dialkyl substituted, such as N-methylaminomethoxyethoxy, N-methylaminoethoxyethoxy, N 5 N- dimethylaminoethoxyethoxy, N,N-diethylaminomethoxymethoxy and the like.
  • carboxyalkyl embraces linear or branched alkyl radicals having one to about ten carbon atoms any one of which may be substituted with one or more carboxy radicals. More preferred carboxyalkyl radicals are "lower carboxyalkyl” radicals having one to six carbon atoms and one carboxy radical. Examples of such radicals include carboxymethyl, carboxypropyl, and the like. Even more preferred are lower carboxyalkyl radicals having one to three CH 2 groups.
  • halosulfonyl embraces sulfonyl radicals substituted with a halogen radical.
  • halosulfonyl radicals examples include chlorosulfonyl and fluorosulfonyl.
  • arylthio embraces aryl radicals of six to ten carbon atoms, attached to a divalent sulfur atom.
  • An example of “arylthio” is phenylthio.
  • aralkylthio embraces aralkyl radicals as described above, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. More preferred are phenyl-Ci-C 3 -alkylthio radicals. An example of “aralkylthio” is benzylthio.
  • aryloxy embraces optionally substituted aryl radicals, as defined above, attached to an oxygen atom. Examples of such radicals include phenoxy.
  • aralkoxy embraces oxy- containing aralkyl radicals attached through an oxygen atom to other radicals. More preferred aralkoxy radicals are "lower aralkoxy” radicals having optionally substituted phenyl radicals attached to lower alkoxy radical as described above.
  • heteroaryloxy embraces optionally substituted heteroaryl radicals, as defined above, attached to an oxygen atom.
  • heteroarylalkoxy embraces oxy-containing heteroarylalkyl radicals attached through an oxygen atom to other radicals. More preferred heteroarylalkoxy radicals are "lower heteroarylalkoxy” radicals having optionally substituted heteroaryl radicals attached to lower alkoxy radical as described above.
  • cycloalkyl includes saturated carbocyclic groups.
  • Preferred cycloalkyl groups include C 3 -C 6 rings. More preferred compounds include, cyclopentyl, cyclopropyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • cycloalkylalkyl embraces cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl radicals.
  • Preferable cycloalkylalkyl radicals are "lower cycloalkylalkyl” radicals having cycloalkyl radicals attached to alkyl radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are “5-6- membered cycloalkylalkyl” attached to alkyl portions having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include cyclohexylmethyl.
  • the cycloalkyl in said radicals may be additionally substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy and hydroxy.
  • cycloalkenyl includes carbocyclic groups having one or more carbon- carbon double bonds including “cycloalkyldienyl” compounds.
  • Preferred cycloalkenyl groups include C 3 -C 6 rings. More preferred compounds include, for example, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl and cycloheptadienyl.
  • the compounds of the invention are endowed with c-Met inhibitory activity.
  • the present invention also comprises the use of a compound of the invention, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment either acutely or chronically of an angiogenesis mediated disease state, including those described previously.
  • the compounds of the present invention are useful in the manufacture of an anti-cancer medicament.
  • the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the manufacture of a medicament to attenuate or prevent disorders through inhibition of c-Met.
  • the present invention comprises a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the current invention in association with a least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or diluent.
  • the present invention also comprises a method of treating angiogenesis related disorders in a subject having or susceptible to such disorder, the method comprising treating the subject with a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the current invention.
  • the compounds of the invention can be administered as the sole active pharmaceutical agent, they can also be used in combination with one or more compounds of the invention or other agents.
  • the therapeutic agents can be formulated as separate compositions that are administered at the same time or sequentially at different times, or the therapeutic agents can be given as a single composition.
  • co-therapy in defining use of a compound of the present invention and another pharmaceutical agent, is intended to embrace administration of each agent in a sequential manner in a regimen that will provide beneficial effects of the drug combination, and is intended as well to embrace co-administration of these agents in a substantially simultaneous manner, such as in a single capsule having a fixed ratio of these active agents or in multiple, separate capsules for each agent.
  • the administration of compounds of the present invention may be in conjunction with additional therapies known to those skilled in the art in the prevention or treatment of neoplasia, such as with radiation therapy or with cytostatic or cytotoxic agents.
  • Such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the accepted dosage ranges.
  • Compounds of the current invention may also be administered sequentially with known anticancer or cytotoxic agents when a combination formulation is inappropriate.
  • the invention is not limited in the sequence of administration; compounds of the invention may be administered either prior to, simultaneous with or after administration of the known anticancer or cytotoxic agent.
  • the typical chemotherapy regime consists of either DNA alkylating agents, DNA intercalating agents, CDK inhibitors, or microtubule poisons.
  • the chemotherapy doses used are just below the maximal tolerated dose and therefore dose limiting toxicities typically include, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, neutropenia and the like.
  • antineoplastic agents available in commercial use, in clinical evaluation and in pre-clinical development, which would be selected for treatment of neoplasia by combination drug chemotherapy.
  • Such antineoplastic agents fall into several major categories, namely, antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents and a category of miscellaneous agents.
  • a first family of antineoplastic agents which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention, consists of antimetabolite-type/thymidilate synthase inhibitor antineoplastic agents.
  • Suitable antimetabolite antineoplastic agents may be selected from but not limited to the group consisting of 5-FU-fibrinogen, acanthifolic acid, aminothiadiazole, brequinar sodium, carmofur, Ciba-Geigy CGP-30694, cyclopentyl cytosine, cytarabine phosphate stearate, cytarabine conjugates, Lilly DATHF, Merrel Dow DDFC, dezaguanine, dideoxycytidine, dideoxyguanosine, didox, Yoshitomi DMDC, doxifluridine,
  • a second family of antineoplastic agents which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention, consists of alkylating-type antineoplastic agents.
  • Suitable alkylating-type antineoplastic agents may be selected from but not limited to the group consisting of Shionogi 254-S, aldo-phosphamide analogues, altretamine, anaxirone, Boehringer Mannheim BBR-2207, bestrabucil, budotitane, Wakunaga CA-102, carboplatin, carmustine, Chinoin-139, Chinoin-153, chlorambucil, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, American Cyanamid CL-286558, Sanofi CY-233, cyplatate, Degussa D-19-384, Sumimoto DACHP(Myr)2, diphenylspiromustine, diplatinum cytostatic, Erba distamycin derivatives, Chugai DWA- 2114R, I
  • a third family of antineoplastic agents which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention consists of antibiotic-type antineoplastic agents.
  • Suitable antibiotic-type antineoplastic agents may be selected from but not limited to the group consisting of Taiho 4181 -A, aclarubicin, actinomycin D, actinoplanone, Erbamont ADR-456, aeroplysinin derivative, Ajinomoto AN-201-II, Ajinomoto AN-3, Nippon Soda anisomycins, anthracycline, azino-mycin-A, bisucaberin, Bristol-Myers BL-6859, Bristol-Myers BMY- 25067, Bristol-Myers BMY-25551, Bristol-Myers BMY-26605, Bristol-Myers BMY-27557, Bristol-Myers BMY-28438, bleomycin sulfate, bryostatin-1, Taiho C-1027, calichemycin, chrom
  • a fourth family of antineoplastic agents which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention consists of a miscellaneous family of antineoplastic agents, including tubulin interacting agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, topoisomerase I inhibitors and hormonal agents, selected from but not limited to the group consisting of ⁇ - carotene, ⁇ -difluoromethyl-arginine, acitretin, Biotec AD-5, Kyorin AHC-52, alstonine, amonafide, amphethinile, amsacrine, Angiostat, ankinomycin, anti-neoplaston AlO, antineoplaston A2, antineoplaston A3, antineoplaston A5, antineoplaston AS2-1, Henkel APD, aphidicolin glycinate, asparaginase, Avarol, baccharin, batracylin, benfluron, benzotript, Ipsen- Beaufour BIM-23015, bisantren
  • the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with other antineoplastic agents, such as acemannan, aclarubicin, aldesleukin, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, altretamine, amifostine, aminolevulinic acid, amrubicin, amsacrine, anagrelide, anastrozole, ANCER, ancestim, ARGLABIN, arsenic trioxide, BAM 002 (Novelos), bexarotene, bicalutamide, broxuridine, capecitabine, celmoleukin, cetrorelix, cladribine, clotrimazole, cytarabine ocfosfate, DA 3030 (Dong-A), daclizumab, denileukin diftitox, deslorelin, dexrazoxane, dilazep, docetaxel, docosanol, dox
  • the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with VEGFR inhibitors including: AMG 706 (motesanib diphosphate); N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)- 1 -phthalazinamine; 4-[4-[[[[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]phenoxy]-N-methyl-2- pyridinecarboxamide; N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-5-[(5-fluoro-l,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2,4- dimethyl- lH-pyrrole-3-carboxamide; 3-[(4-bromo-2,6-difluorophenyl)methoxy]-5-[[[[4-(l- pyrrolidinyl)butyl]amino]carbonyl]
  • the combination comprises a composition of the present invention in combination with at least one anti-angiogenic agent.
  • Agents are inclusive of, but not limited to, in vitro synthetically prepared chemical compositions, antibodies, antigen binding regions, radionuclides, and combinations and conjugates thereof.
  • An agent can be an agonist, antagonist, allosteric modulator, toxin or, more generally, may act to inhibit or stimulate its target (e.g., receptor or enzyme activation or inhibition), and thereby promote cell death or arrest cell growth.
  • anti-tumor agents include HERCEPTINTM (trastuzumab), which may be used to treat breast cancer and other forms of cancer, and RITUXANTM (rituximab), ZEVALINTM (ibritumomab tiuxetan), and LYMPHOCIDETM (epratuzumab), which may be used to treat non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other forms of cancer, GLEEV ACTM which may be used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and BEXXARTM (iodine 131 tositumomab) which may be used for treatment of non-Hodgkins's lymphoma.
  • anti-angiogenic agents include ERBITUXTM (IMC-C225), KDR (kinase domain receptor) inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies and antigen binding regions that specifically bind to the kinase domain receptor), anti-VEGF agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind VEGF, or soluble VEGF receptors or a ligand binding region thereof) such as AVASTINTM or VEGF-TRAPTM, and anti-VEGF receptor agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto), EGFR inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto) such as ABX-EGF (panitumumab), IRESSATM (gefitinib), TARCEV ATM (erlotinib), anti-Angl and anti-Ang2 agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding thereto or to their receptors, e.g., Tie2/Tek), and anti-
  • compositions of the present invention can also include one or more agents (e.g., antibodies, antigen binding regions, or soluble receptors) that specifically bind and inhibit the activity of growth factors, such as antagonists of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as Scatter Factor), and antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind its receptor "c-met".
  • agents e.g., antibodies, antigen binding regions, or soluble receptors
  • HGF hepatocyte growth factor
  • c-met antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind its receptor "c-met”.
  • anti-angiogenic agents include Campath, IL-8, B-FGF, Tek antagonists (Ceretti et al., US Publication No. 2003/0162712; US Patent No. 6,413,932), anti-TWEAK agents (e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions, or soluble TWEAK receptor antagonists; see, Wiley, US Patent No. 6,727,225), ADAM distintegrin domain to antagonize the binding of integrin to its ligands (Fanslow et al., US Publication No. 2002/0042368), specifically binding anti-eph receptor and/or anti-ephrin antibodies or antigen binding regions (US Patent Nos.
  • anti-PDGF-BB antagonists e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions
  • antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding to PDGF-BB ligands
  • PDGFR kinase inhibitory agents e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto
  • Additional anti-angiogenic/anti-tumor agents include: SD-7784 (Pfizer, USA); cilengitide.(Merck KGaA, Germany, EPO 770622); pegaptanib octasodium, (Gilead Sciences, USA); Alphastatin, (Bio Acta, UK); M-PGA, (Celgene, USA, US 5712291); ilomastat, (Arriva, USA, US 5892112); emaxanib, (Pfizer, USA, US 5792783); vatalanib, (Novartis, Switzerland); 2-methoxyestradiol, (EntreMed, USA); TLC ELL- 12, (Elan, Ireland); anecortave acetate, (Alcon, USA); alpha-D148 Mab, (Amgen, USA); CEP-7055,(Cephalon, USA); anti- Vn Mab, (Crucell, Netherlands) DAC:antiangiogenic, (ConjuChem
  • AZD 9935 (AstraZeneca, UK); AZD 2171, (AstraZeneca, UK); vatalanib (pINN), (Novartis, Switzerland and Schering AG, Germany); tissue factor pathway inhibitors, (EntreMed, USA); pegaptanib (Pinn), (Gilead Sciences, USA); xanthorrhizol, (Yonsei University, South Korea); vaccine, gene-based, VEGF-2, (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, USA); SPV5.2, (Supratek, Canada); SDX 103, (University of California at San Diego, USA); PX 478, (ProlX, USA); METASTATIN, (EntreMed, USA); troponin I, (Harvard University, USA); SU 6668, (SUGEN, USA); OXI 4503, (OXiGENE, USA); o-guanidines, ( Dimensional Pharmaceuticals, USA); motuporamine C, (British Columbia University
  • MAb vascular endothelium growth factor, (Xenova, UK); irsogladine (INN), (Nippon Shinyaku, Japan); RG 13577, (Aventis, France); WX 360, (Wilex, Germany); squalamine (pINN), (Genaera, USA); RPI 4610, (Sirna, USA); cancer therapy, (Marino va, Australia); heparanase inhibitors, (InSight, Israel); KL 3106, (Kolon, South Korea); Honokiol, (Emory University, USA); ZK CDK, (Schering AG, Germany); ZK Angio, (Schering AG,
  • the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with other anti- neoplastic agents, such as VEGF antagonists, other kinase inhibitors including p38 inhibitors, KDR inhibitors, EGF inhibitors and CDK inhibitors, TNF inhibitors, metallomatrix proteases inhibitors (MMP), COX-2 inhibitors including celecoxib, NSAID's, or ⁇ v ⁇ 3 inhibitors.
  • VEGF antagonists such as VEGF antagonists, other kinase inhibitors including p38 inhibitors, KDR inhibitors, EGF inhibitors and CDK inhibitors, TNF inhibitors, metallomatrix proteases inhibitors (MMP), COX-2 inhibitors including celecoxib, NSAID's, or ⁇ v ⁇ 3 inhibitors.
  • the present invention comprises processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof are included in the family of compounds of the current.
  • pharmaceutically-acceptable salts embraces salts commonly used to form alkali metal salts and to form addition salts of free acids or free bases. The nature of the salt is not critical, provided that it is pharmaceutically acceptable.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of the current invention may be prepared from an inorganic acid or from an organic acid. Examples of such inorganic acids are hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, nitric, carbonic, sulfuric and phosphoric acid.
  • organic acids may be selected from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic, heterocyclic, carboxylic and sulfonic classes of organic acids, example of which are formic, acetic, adipic, butyric, propionic, succinic, glycolic, gluconic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, glucuronic, maleic, fumaric, pyruvic, aspartic, glutamic, benzoic, anthranilic, mesylic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, phenylacetic, mandelic, embonic (pamoic), methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, ethanedisulfonic, benzenesulfonic, pantothenic, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, sulfanilic, cyclohexylaminosulfonic, camphoric, camphorsulfonic,
  • Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable base addition salts of compounds of the current invention include metallic salts, such as salts made from aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc, or salts made from organic bases including primary, secondary and tertiary amines, substituted amines including cyclic amines, such as caffeine, arginine, diethylamine, N-ethyl piperidine, aistidine, glucamine, isopropylamine, lysine, morpholine, N-ethyl morpholine, piperazine, piperidine, triethylamine, trimethylamine.
  • metallic salts such as salts made from aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc
  • organic bases including primary, secondary and tertiary amines, substituted amines including cyclic amines, such as caffeine, arginine, diethylamine, N-ethyl piperidine, aistidine, glucamine, isopropylamine
  • All of these salts may be prepared by conventional means from the corresponding compound of the invention by reacting, for example, the appropriate acid or base with the compound of the current invention.
  • a compound of the current invention may also form internal salts.
  • the compounds of the invention can be synthesized according to the general procedures described in WO 08/008539 (the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference) as well as those illustrated in the example compounds described below.
  • the crude solid was taken up in dichloromethane and filtered over a plug of Celite to eliminate residual palladium.
  • the material was dissolved in minimal DCM, and purified via MPLC (eluting with 0-10% EtOAc in hexanes) to yield 5-(3,5- difluorophenyl)-2,3-difluoropyridine.
  • the material was converted to the hydrazine in a method similar to that in the synthesis of (5)-6-(l -(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- ⁇ ]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline.
  • methyl 2-fluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoate was saponified in a method similar to that of 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid.
  • the di-tert-butyl carbonate precursor ((6-(2-methoxy-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate) was synthesized in a method similar to (6-(2- morpholinothiazol-4-yl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate, using 2-methoxy-4-(tributylstannyl)thiazole as the organostannane, followed by TFA deprotection similar to the method described for (6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methanamine.
  • the material was prepared using general method A (with 2-(7-hydroxyquinolin-4-yloxy)acetic acid hydrobromide and l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine
  • tert-butyl (6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (2.00 g, 7.0 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (0.58 g, 0.70 mmol), and copper (I) iodide (0.34 g, 1.8 mmol) were diluted in MeCN (70 mL). To the reaction mixture was first added 4-methylpent-l-yn-3-ol (3.7 ml, 35 mmol), followed by triethylamine (25 ml, 176 mmol).
  • tert-butyl (6-(4-methyl-3-oxopent-l-ynyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylcarbamate (0.917 g, 50.7% yield) after concentration in vacuo.
  • tert-Butyl (6-(3-isopropyIisothiazol-5-vD- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-b] pyridazin-3- vDmethylcarbamate
  • the organic layer was dried with MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to give a yellow oil.
  • the aqueous layer contained some product, so the layer was concentrated and then filtered thru a reverse phase Ci 8 column, first eluting with water than with MeOH.
  • the MeOH layer was concentrated to give a yellow oil which was combined with the yellow oil from the organic layer.
  • the combined portions were purified by MPLC eluting with a gradient of 2-6% MeOH/DCM. l-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone (4.074 g, 86.6% yield) was isolated as a yellow oil which solidified upon standing.
  • a 25 mm test tube was charged with 2,2-difluoro-l,3-dimethylimidazolidine (DFI) (0.24 g, 1.8 mmol), (6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)imidazo[ 1 ,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone (0.125 g, 0.35 mmol), and MeCN (2.00 ml, 38 mmol), sealed, then heated at 84°C for 36 hours, adding additional 2,2-difluoro-l,3-dimethylimidazolidine (DFI) (0.24 g, 1.8 mmol) after 16 hours.
  • DFI 2,2-difluoro-l,3-dimethylimidazolidine
  • Example 435 N- «6-(l H-indazol-6-yl)- [ 1.2.41 triazolo 14.3-bl pyridazin-3-yl)methvn-7-methoxy- 1 ,5- naphthyridin-4-amine
  • the title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo-l-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-lH-pyrazole.
  • N-bromosuccinimide (4.5 g, 25 mmol) and AIBN (0.50 g, 3.0 mmol) were added then continued heating at 100 °C for 4 hours.
  • N-bromosuccinimide (4.5 g, 25 mmol) and AIBN (0.30 g, 1.8 mmol) were added and the mixture was heated at 100 0 C for 4 hours.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water, saturated sodium bicarbonate and brine. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum.
  • Example 438 6-(r8-fluoro-6-(l-methvI-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-ri,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3- yl)methyl)q uinolin-3-ol.
  • the vessel was purged with argon, sealed and stirred at 80 °C for two hours.
  • the mixture was concentrated, triturated with water an filtered; purification of the resulting precipitate by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 20 to 50 % ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the product as a white solid (27 mg, 53%).
  • 6- difluoro(5-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl ) isoxazolo[5,4-bl py ridin-3-yl)methv ⁇ uinoline
  • 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl 9.3 mg, 0.013 mmol
  • 6- ((5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.27 mmol)
  • 3- methyl-5-(trimethylstannyl)isothiazole (0.14g, 0.53 mmol)
  • Pd 2 (dba) 3 (12 mg, 0.013 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5 mL).
  • Di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (49 mg, 21 1 ⁇ mol) was added as a solid in a single portion and the solution was allowed to warm to rt and was maintained for 48 h. The solution was concentrated for purification by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion).
  • tert-butyl 2-(3-((l,4-dioxan-2-yl)methoxy)quinolin-6-vDacetate (racemate).
  • the title compound was assembled from tert-butyl 2-(3-hydroxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate and (1,4- dioxan-2-yl)methanol according to the procedure described for tert-butyl 2-(3-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinolin-6-yl)acetate.
  • a sealable microwave vial was charged with N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(3-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide (46.98mg, 111 ⁇ mol), 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane (1.5 mL), and 1 drop of cone. HCl.
  • the vial was sealed and heated at 130 0 C for 40 min.
  • the solution was concentrated and purified by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion).
  • Example 466 N-((5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-blpyridin-3-v ⁇ methv ⁇ -7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4- amine.
  • the solution was concentrated, then taken up in anhydrous acetone and added to a stirring aqueous solution of sodium azide (1.62 g, 25.0 mmol, in 10 mL H 2 O) at 0 °C to generate a homogeneous orange solution. After 15 min at 0 0 C, the mixture was diluted further with CH 2 Cl 2 and stirred an additional 5 min to give a homogeneous solution. The solution was then partitioned between H 2 O and CH 2 Cl 2 , and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH 2 Cl 2 (2x10 mL) and the combined organic layers were dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated in vacuo.
  • a resealable pressure bottle was charged with 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-ol (400mg, 2.2 mmol), 2-dibromoethane (3.2 mL, 37.7 mmol), and DMF (0.15M, 14.8 mL). Vessel sealed and placed in a pre-heated at 65 0 C oil bath. Reaction allowed to stir at this temperature for 4hrs. Reaction cooled to room temperature and passed through a pad of celite.
  • a resealable pressure bottle was charged with 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-ol (80mg, 0.44 mmol), cesium carbonate (433 mg, 1.3 mmol), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (360 mg, 1.55 mmol), and DMF (0.9 ml).
  • LC/MS shows complete conversion. Quench with water, dilute with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dichloromethane. Layers separated, organic layer collected and dried over sodium sulfate. This was concentrated to afford yellow oil; which was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography
  • reaction mixture allowed to warm up to room temperature over 1 hour and stirred at this temperature for 16 hours. Next day reaction mixture was quenched with 2N HCl and mixture diluted with dichloromethane. Layers separated, and aqueous layer neutralized with aq. sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with dichloromethane. All organic layers combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated at room temperature (most THF remains) to afford clear material. This was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography (10-40%EtO Ac/Hex) to afford 2-methyl-2H- 1 ,2,4-triazole-3-carbaldehyde (1.0 g, 75% yield). Yield was estimated based on H'NMR.
  • Reaction vessel resealed and mixture stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours.
  • LC/MS shows completion.
  • Reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with hexane, filtered, and air dried to yield 5-((5-bromopyridin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2,2- dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (41.5 g, 85% yield) as a yellow solid.
  • MS [M+H] 327.0.
  • Calc'd for Ci 2 H 1 iBrN 2 O 4 327.1.
  • a sealable tube was charged with 4-bromopyrazole (4.000 g, 27.2 mmol), 1-iodobenzene (3.64 ml, 32.7 mmol), (+/-)-trans-l,2-diaminocyclohexane (0.654 ml, 5.44 mmol), Copper iodide (I) (0.518 g, 2.72 mmol), potassium carbonate (8.28 g, 59.9 mmol) and 13 mL dioxane added.
  • the mixture was blanketed with N2, the vessel sealed and heated to 100 C for 16 h.
  • the mixture was allowed to cool to rt, diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, and an emullsion formed.
  • the organic layer separated and the aqueous emulsion mixture was filter through a pad of celite and rinsed with EtOAc, and sat. NaHCO 3 .
  • the combined organig layers were dried over Na 2 SO 4 . filtered and evaporate.
  • the mixture was purified via flash chromatography using a 0 % to 100 % CH 2 Cl 2 in hexanes gradient. The title compound was collected as a yellow solid (3.18 g)
  • the title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo- 1 -phenyl- lH-pyrazole.
  • the title compound was prepared in the same manner as 4-bromo- l-(cyclobutyl)- IH- pyrazole, but using tetrahydrofuran-3-yl methanesulfonate (prepared according to procedures known in the art).
  • the title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo- 1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)- IH- pyrazole.
  • HOS hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid
  • the mixture was filtered to remove the white solid and the filtrate heated with 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (43.7 ml, 265 mmol).
  • the mixture took 1.5 h to reach 90 C, maintained the temperature at 90 for 1 h, then allowed the mixture to cool to 40 C with stirring for an additional 17 h.
  • the mixture was allowed to cool to -35 C and extracted with Et 2 O (400 mL then 2 xlOO mL), the combined organic layers were with water, 6N NaOK 2N NaOH, then sat NaHCO3, and the organic layer dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and evaporate gently.
  • Et 2 O 400 mL then 2 xlOO mL
  • the combined organic layers were with water, 6N NaOK 2N NaOH, then sat NaHCO3, and the organic layer dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and evaporate gently.
  • Upon evaporation when volume is reduced from ⁇ 600 mL to ⁇ 100 mL, the white solid that
  • a 2-L round bottom flask flask equipped with a magnetic stirbar was charged with di(lH- imidazol-l-yl)methanone (121 g, 749 mmol) and acetonitrile (500 mL).
  • the stirred slurry was cooled by immersing the flask in an ice bath.
  • a solution of N-Boc glycine (125 g, 714 mmol) in acetonitrile (500 mL) was added via a 500-mL addition funnel over the course of 30-45 min.
  • the mixture was aged for 1 h while a 5 -L, 3 -neck, round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical overhead stirrer and a thermocouple w/adapter was charged with 1 -(6- chloropyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine (108 g, 749 mmol) and acetonitrile (900 mL) and cooled to ⁇ 5 deg C in an ice bath.
  • the cold solution of the acylimidazole was then transferred via a polyethylene cannula into the thick suspension of the hydrazine over a period of 30-45 min). The ice bath was removed, and the mixture was allowed to warm.
  • Example 476 6-((6-chloro-fl,2,4]triazolo
  • a suspension of 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide (2000 mg, 8432 ⁇ mol) and 3,6- dichloropyridazine (3768 mg, 25295 ⁇ mol) in 1.25 M HCl in MeOH (20 mL) was heated to 90 °C with microwaves for 50 min. The solvents were then removed under reduced pressure and residue partitioned between 9:1 CHC1 3 /IPA (60 mL) and 1 M NaOH (20 mL).
  • N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanehydrazide To a stirring solution of 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid (3260 mg, 16201 ⁇ mol) and DIEA (2830 ⁇ l, 16201 ⁇ mol) in DMF (25 mL) was added o-(7-azabenzotriazol-l-yl)-n,n,n',n- tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate (6160 mg, 16201 ⁇ mol) whole at 23 °C under nitrogen.
  • 6-(l-(6-chloro- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline (0.5787 g, 1.9 mmol)
  • tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.51 g, 0.56 mmol)
  • Q-Phos (0.65 g) in 15 mL of N,N-dimethyl acetamide was added to the reaction mixture.
  • the reaction was warmed up to 50 0 C for 6 hours and was quenched with 50 mL of satd. NH 4 Cl aq. solution.
  • Example 495 3-methyl-7-((6-phenyl- 11 ,2,41 triazolo f4,3-bl pyridazin-3-vDmeth yl)q uinoxalin-2(l H)-one.
  • the crude solid was dissolved in 100 mL of i-PrOH then treated with Ts-OH (2821 mg, 14832 ⁇ mol) and heated at 80 0 C. After 3h the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was diluted with DCM then neutralized with NaOH (IN). The aqueous phase was extracted 3X with DCM with 10% MeOH then the organic layer was dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • tert-Butyl (6-carbamoyl- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate a) 3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-blpyridazine-6-carboxylic acid.
  • Example 501 ⁇ -CC ⁇ -chloro-S-fluoro- [1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3- vDmeth vD-3-methoxyq uinoline a) l-(5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine.
  • a mixture of 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (10.0 g, 66.9 mmol) and hydrazine (10.0 ml, 319 mmol) in 'PrOH (50 niL) was heated to 65 - 70 0 C for 6 hours.
  • the mixture was stirred at rt 10 minutes and the mixture cannulated to a solution of zinc(II) chloride ⁇ 0.30 ml, 0.30 mmol) [IM] and the slurry stirred 10 minutes.
  • the zincate was treated with 6-((6-iodo-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methoxyquinoline (0.0890 g, 0.21 mmol), 1 mL dry THF, and a preformed solution of 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9- dimethyl-9H-xanthene (0.012 g, 0.021 mmol) and Pd(OAc)2 (0.0024 g, 0.011 mmol) dissolved in 1 mL dry THF.
  • the flask was fitted with a reflux condenser and heated with a 90 °C oil bath for 24 h.
  • the zincate portion of this procedure was repeated, added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture heated at 90 °C for 1 h.
  • the mixture was allowed to cool to rt and loaded onto 10 g Of SiO 2 wet-packed with THF, and eluted with 200 mL THF.
  • the eluents were concentrated in vacuo, and taken up in 5 mL EtOH.
  • Si- sulfonic acid 1.5 g, 1.1 mmol
  • 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)acetate (32.0 g) was dissolved in 450 mL of a 6 N HCl solution, then stirred and heated at 100 0 C for 1 hr until the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and azeotroped 3 times with benzene (200 mL) to remove the water. The crude 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (30.56 g, 92.3% yield) was used without further purification.
  • HATU (1053 mg, 2.7 mmol), 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (470 mg, 1.8 mmol) and l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2- yl)hydrazine (421 mg, 2 mmol) (step 1 of General Method K) were taken up in 6 mL of acetonitrile. DIPEA (967 ⁇ l, 5.5 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes, until reaction was complete.
  • DIPEA 967 ⁇ l, 5.5 mmol
  • N'-(3-fluoro-5-(l -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(5-oxo- 1 , 6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanehydrazide 400 mg, 982 ⁇ mol
  • triphenylphosphine 386 mg, 1.4 mmol
  • THF 9.8 mL
  • TMS-azide 195 ⁇ l, 1.4 mmol
  • DEAD 233 ⁇ l, 1.4 mmol
  • reaction was concentrated and purified via MPLC with a gradient 100 % DCM to 90% DCM / 10% MeOH / 1% NH 4 OH to yield racemic 6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (220 mg, 57% yield) as a tan solid.
  • the THP-protected compound was synthesized according to the General Method N.
  • the compound was prepared according to General Method N.
  • the hydrazine was prepared in an analogous fashion to l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine.
  • MS m/z 406.0 [M+l] + . Calc'd for C 21 Hi 6 FN 5 OS : 405.5.
  • the compound was prepared according to General Method N.
  • the hydrazine was prepared in an analogous fashion to l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine.
  • MS m/z 406.0 [M+l] + . Calc'd for C 2 iH, 6 FN 5 OS : 405.5.
  • dichlorobis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium (ii) (0.17 g, 0.24 mmol), trimethylacetylene (2.0 ml, 14 mmol), 2-chloro-5-(2-methoxyethoxy)nicotinonitrile (2.50 g, 12 mmol), and copper(I) iodide (0.11 g, 0.59 mmol) were dissolved in acetonitrile (0.5 M, 24 mL) and to the reaction was added triethylamine (3.3 ml, 24 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 85 0 C for 12 hrs.
  • the compound was synthesized from 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one similar to the synthesis of 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride in Method N (Example 503).
  • a 330 mL pressure vessel was charged with 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (5.00 g, 33.4 mmol), 3-methyl-5-(tributylstannyl)isoxazole (14.9 g, 40.1 mmol), XPhos (2.23 g, 4.68 mmol), PdOAc 2 (0.526 g, 2.34 mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (167 ml, 33.4 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed, then heated at 100°C for 16 hours.
  • a 330 mL pressure vessel was charged with 4,5-difluoro-2-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridine (3.6695 g, 18.7 mmol), hydrazine (3.53 ml, 112 mmol), and IPA (93.5 ml, 18.7 mmol), sealed, then heated at 65°C for 3 hours. The mixture was filtered; the solid was triturated with sat. aqueous NaHCO 3 solution and washed with water (2 x 20 mL). l-(4-fluoro-6-(3- methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)hydrazine (3.5668 g, 91.6% yield) was isolated as a white powder.
  • Example 516 ri?)-6-ri-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-H.2.41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-yl)ethyl)- 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
  • the title compound was synthesized using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AS-H (20 x 150 mm, 5 Dm), 20% iPrOH, 80% CO 2 ; 100 bar system pressure, 50 mL/min; t r 1.67 min).
  • the hydrazine was synthesized similar to l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2- yl)hydrazine (except heated to 60°C) (84.2% yield).

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Abstract

Selected compounds are effective for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases, such as HGF mediated diseases. The invention encompasses novel compounds, analogs, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases and other maladies or conditions involving, cancer and the like. The subject invention also relates to processes for making such compounds as well as to intermediates useful in such processes.

Description

FUSED HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVES AND METHODS OF USE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention is in the field of pharmaceutical agents and specifically relates to compounds, compositions, uses and methods for treating cancer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Protein kinases represent a large family of proteins, which play a central role in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes, maintaining control over cellular function. A partial list of such kinases includes abl, Akt, bcr-abl, BIk, Brk, Btk, c-kit, c-Met, c-src, c-fins, CDKl, CDK2, CDK3, CDK4, CDK5, CDK6, CDK7, CDK8, CDK9, CDKlO, cRafl, CSFlR, CSK, EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4, Erk, Fak, fes, FGFRl, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, FGFR5, Fgr, flt-1, Fps, Frk, Fyn, Hck, IGF-IR, INS-R, Jak, KDR, Lck, Lyn, MEK, p38, PDGFR, PIK, PKC, PYK2, ros, tie, tie2, TRK, Yes, and Zap70. Inhibition of such kinases has become an important therapeutic target. The hepatocyte growth factor receptor ("c-Met") is a unique receptor tyrosine kinase shown to be overexpressed in a variety of malignancies. c-Met typically comprises, in its native form, a 190-kDa heterodimeric (a disulfide-linked 50-kDa α-chain and a 145-kDa β- chain) membrane-spanning tyrosine kinase protein (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84:6379-6383 (1987)). c-Met is mainly expressed in epithelial cells and stimulation of c-Met leads to scattering, angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. (See Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, 13:41-59 (2002)).
The ligand for c-Met is hepatocyte growth factor (also known as scatter factor, HGF and SF). HGF is a heterodimeric protein secreted by cells of mesodermal origin (Nature, 327:239-242 (1987); J. Cell Biol., 111:2097-2108 (1990)). Various biological activities have been described for HGF through interaction with c- met (Hepatocyte Growth Factor- Scatter Factor (HGF-SF) and the c-Met Receptor, Goldberg and Rosen, eds., Birkhauser Verlag-Basel, 67-79 (1993). The biological effect of HGF/SF may depend in part on the target cell. HGF induces a spectrum of biological activities in epithelial cells, including mitogenesis, stimulation of cell motility and promotion of matrix invasion (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 122:1450-1459 (1984); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,
88:415-419 (1991)). It stimulates the motility and invasiveness of carcinoma cells, the former having been implicated in the migration of cells required for metastasis. HGF can also act as a "scatter factor", an activity that promotes the dissociation of epithelial and vascular endothelial cells (Nature, 327:239-242 (1987); J. Cell Biol., 111 :2097-2108 (1990); EMBO J., 10:2867- 2878 (1991); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90:649-653 (1993)). Therefore, HGF is thought to be important in tumor invasion (Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Scatter Factor (HGF-SF) and the C-Met Receptor, Goldberg and Rosen, eds., Birkhauser Verlag-Basel, 131-165 (1993)). HGF and c-Met are expressed at abnormally high levels in a large variety of solid tumors. High levels of HGF and/or c-Met have been observed in liver, breast, pancreas, lung, kidney, bladder, ovary, brain, prostate, gallbladder and myeloma tumors in addition to many others. The role of HGF/c-Met in metastasis has been investigated in mice using cell lines transformed with HGF/c-Met (J. MoI. Med., 74:505-513 (1996)). Overexpression of the c-Met oncogene has also been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of thyroid tumors derived from follicular epithelium (Oncogene, 7:2549-2553 (1992)). HGF is a morphogen (Development, 1 10:1271-1284 (1990); Cell, 66:697-711 (1991)) and a potent angiogenic factor (J. Cell Biol., 119:629-641 (1992)).
Recent work on the relationship between inhibition of angiogenesis and the suppression or reversion of tumor progression shows great promise in the treatment of cancer (Nature, 390:404-407 (1997)), especially the use of multiple angiogenesis inhibitors compared to the effect of a single inhibitor. Angiogenesis can be stimulated by HGF, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).
Angiogenesis, the process of sprouting new blood vessels from existing vasculature and arteriogenesis, the remodeling of small vessels into larger conduit vessels are both physiologically important aspects of vascular growth in adult tissues. These processes of vascular growth are required for beneficial processes such as tissue repair, wound healing, recovery from tissue ischemia and menstrual cycling. They are also required for the development of pathological conditions such as the growth of neoplasias, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, certain forms of macular degeneration, and certain inflammatory pathologies. The inhibition of vascular growth in these contexts has also shown beneficial effects in preclinical animal models. For example, inhibition of angiogenesis by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor or its receptor has resulted in inhibition of tumor growth and in retinopathy. Also, the development of pathological pannus tissue in rheumatoid arthritis involves angiogenesis and might be blocked by inhibitors of angiogenesis.
The ability to stimulate vascular growth has potential utility for treatment of ischemia- induced pathologies such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. The sprouting of new vessels and/or the expansion of small vessels in ischemic tissues prevents ischemic tissue death and induces tissue repair. Certain diseases are known to be associated with deregulated angiogenesis, for example ocular neovascularization, such as retinopathies (including diabetic retinopathy), age-related macular degeneration, psoriasis, hemangioblastoma, hemangioma, arteriosclerosis, inflammatory disease, such as a rheumatoid or rheumatic inflammatory disease, especially arthritis (including rheumatoid arthritis), or other chronic inflammatory disorders, such as chronic asthma, arterial or post- transplantational atherosclerosis, endometriosis, and neoplastic diseases, for example so-called solid tumors and liquid tumors (such as leukemias). Treatment of malaria and related viral diseases may also be mediated by HGF and cMet.
Elevated levels of HGF and c-Met have also been observed in non-oncological settings, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction and rheumatoid arthritis. It has been observed that levels of HGF increase in the plasma of patients with hepatic failure (Gohda et al., supra) and in the plasma (Hepatol., 13:734-750 (1991)) or serum (J. Biochem., 109:8-13 (1991)) of animals with experimentally induced liver damage. HGF has also been shown to be a mitogen for certain cell types, including melanocytes, renal tubular cells, keratinocytes, certain endothelial cells and cells of epithelial origin (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 176:45-51 (1991); Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 174:831-838 (1991); Biochem., 30:9768-9780 (1991); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:415-419 (1991)). Both HGF and the c-Met proto- oncogene have been postulated to play a role in microglial reactions to CNS injuries (Oncogene, 8:219-222 (1993)). Metastatic SCC cells overexpress c-Met and have enhanced tumoregenesis and metastasis in vivo [G. Gong et al., Oncogene, 23:6199-6208 (2004)]. C-Met is required for tumor cell survival [N. Shinomiya et al., Cancer Research, 64:7962-7970 (2004)]. For a general review see C. Birchmeier et al., Nature Reviews/Molecular Biology 4:915-925 (2003). In view of the role of HGF and/or c-Met in potentiating or promoting such diseases or pathological conditions, it would be useful to have a means of substantially reducing or inhibiting one or more of the biological effects of HGF and its receptor. Thus a compound that reduces the effect of HGF would be a useful compound. Compounds of the current invention have not been previously described as inhibitors of angiogenesis such as for the treatment of cancer. Sugen application WO 05/010005 describes certain Triazolotriazine compounds that are c-met inhibitors. Diamon Shamrock Corp. application WO 83/00864 discloses certain Triazolotriazine compounds that are useful as anti-inflammatory agents. Yamanouchi applications EP 1481955 and US 2005/0261297 disclose certain nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that are therapeutic agents having a bone formation-stimulating effect. Compounds of the current invention are inhibitors of c-Met. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A class of compounds useful in treating cancer and angiogenesis is defined by Formulae, IV, V, VI and VII
Figure imgf000005_0001
II
Figure imgf000005_0002
III
Figure imgf000005_0003
IV V
Figure imgf000006_0001
VI
Figure imgf000006_0002
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof wherein J is N or CR3; W is CR2b; W* is N or CR2b; X is O or S;
Z and Z* are independently -O-, -S(O)V-, or -NR5-; Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently H, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, -NO2, -CN, -NR5R5a, -OR4,
-C(=O)R4, -C(=O)OR4; -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5JC(^O)NR « 53τR> 53a3, -0C(=0)NR » 5JrR> 53aa, -S(O)VR4, -S(O)2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a 3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.; or Rc and Rd together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a 3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and/or Rb may combine with any Rc or Rd to form a partially or fully saturated 3-8 membered cycloalkyl ring or heterocyclo ring, either of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb may combine to form a carbonyl group; or Rc and Rd attached to the same carbon atom may combine to form a carbonyl group; R1 is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclo any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R2 is
(i) H, halo, cyano, nitro, or
(ii) alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4,
-S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 as allowed by valance, provided that in compounds of formula I when W and J are both N, R2 is other than
(a) -NR5R5a where R5 and R5a are independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl; and
(b) phenyl substituted with a group
Figure imgf000007_0001
where G1 and G2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G1 and G2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring;
R2a, R2b and R3 are independently selected at each occurrence from H, halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally independently substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10 groups;
R5 and R5a are independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10; or R5 and R5a may combine to form a heterocyclo ring optionally substituted with one or more R1 ;
R10 at each occurrence is independently, halo, cyano, nitro, oxo, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)ra-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; wherein said alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and heterocycloalkyl groups may be further independently substituted with one or more -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkyl ene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NRsR5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; and further wherein any two R10 groups attached to the same atom or attached to adjacent atoms may combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8 membered ring system; m is 0 or 1 ; n is 0, 1 or 2; q and t are each independently 0 or 1 ; v is 0, 1 or 2.
Preferred compounds include compounds wherein R1 is phenyl, naphthyl, benzodioxolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazidinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazinyl, triazolopyridinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyridazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrrolopyridazinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyridazinyl, cinnolinyl, thienopyridinyl, thienopyrimidinyl, thienopyridazinyl, furopyridinyl, furopyrimidinyl, furopyrazidinyl, benzofuranyl, benzoimidazolyl, indolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridopyrimidinyl, oxazolopyridinyl, thiazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrazinyl, triazolopyrazinyl and triazolopyridinyl any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance. Preferred R1 groups include
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
where m* is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, as allowed by valence. Especially preferred R1 groups include
Figure imgf000011_0002
Figure imgf000012_0001
where R1 a, R1 b. R1Oy and R1Oz are independently absent, halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4; or where R1Oa and R1Ob combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8-membered ring system.
Preferred R1 groups further include
Figure imgf000012_0002
wherein a is a bond or is absent;
U5 is C or N;
U6 is NH, O or S; and m+ is O, 1, 2 or 3 .
Most preferred R1 groups include moieties that are either unsubstiruted or independently substituted as allowed by valance with one or more halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4.
Preferred compounds of the present invention further include compounds wherein R2 is H, halo, cyano, alkynyl, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, phenyl, naphthyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, pyridinonyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, indolinonyl, isoidolinyl, isoindolinonyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydroisobenzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, dihydroquinolinonyl, dihydroisoquinolinonyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydroquinoxalinyl, benzomorpholinyl, dihydrobenzodioxinyl, imidazopyridinyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazinyl, triazolopyridinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyridazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrrolopyridazinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyridazinyl, cinnolinyl, thienopyrrolyl, tetrahydrothienopyrrolyl, dihydrothienopyrrolonyl, thienopyridinyl, thienopyrimidinyl, thienopyridazinyl, furopyridinyl, furopyrimidinyl, furopyrazidinyl, benzofuranyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, or benzoisothiazolyl any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R1 groups as allowed by valance.
Preferred R2 groups include
(a) halo, alkynyl, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4 or -N(R5)C(=O)OR4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; and (b) an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclo ring system selected from
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000015_0001
Figure imgf000016_0001
where m* is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, as allowed by valence.
Preferred compounds of the present invention include compounds having either or both of preferred R1 groups and preferred R2 groups either alone or in any combination thereof..
Preferred compounds of the present invention include compounds wherein Ra, R , Rc and Rd groups are independently hydrogen, alkyl (especially methyl), and halogen (especially fluorine).
Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I and II include compounds of the following formualae IA, IB, IC, ID and HA
Figure imgf000016_0002
24
Figure imgf000017_0001
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof, wherein variables Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, R1, R2
R2a, R2b, R3, Z, Z*, n, q and t are as previously defined above. Preferred compounds of formulae IA, IB, IC, ID and HA include compounds having any of the preferred R1 groups and R2 groups, either alone or in any combination thereof.
Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I and II also include compounds having the following formula IE, IF, HB and HC
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000019_0001
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof wherein variables Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, R2, R2a, R2b, and Z*, are as previously defined above, provided that in compounds of formula IE R2 is not phenyl substituted with a group
Figure imgf000019_0002
where G1 and G2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G1 and G2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring; and further wherein q is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n* is 0, 1 or 2; t* is 0 or 1
U1, U2, U3 and U4 are each independently C, or N; and
R1Oc at each occurence is independently selected from the groups listed in the definition of R10 previously described above. Preferred compounds of formulae IE, IF, HB and HC include compounds having any of the preferred R2 groups described above.
Preferred compounds within the scope of formulae IE and IF include compounds of the following formula IEi, IEii, IEiii, IEiv, IFi, IFii, IFiii and IFiv
Figure imgf000020_0001
Figure imgf000021_0001
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof.
Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I further include compounds of the following formula IEA and IFA
Figure imgf000021_0002
Figure imgf000022_0001
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof wherein variables Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, R2, R2a, R2b, R1Oc, U1, U2, U3, Z*, n*, q, and t*are as previously defined above provided that in compounds of formula IEA R2 is not phenyl substituted with a group
Figure imgf000022_0002
where G1 and G2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G1 and G2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring. . Preferred compounds of formulae IEA and IFA include compounds having any of the preferred R2 groups described above.
Preferred compounds of formulae IEA and IFA include compounds of formulae IEAi, IEAii, IEAiii, IFAi, IFAii and IFAiii
Figure imgf000023_0001
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof.
Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I further include compounds of the following formula IG or IH
Figure imgf000024_0001
Wherein U is CR , 110UcC or N, and variables R aa, τ R>bb, D2a
Figure imgf000024_0002
R , D R2b , D R 110Uaa, D R 1i0υbb, R , 1i0υcc, and Z*, are as previously defined above, provided that in compounds of formula IG R2 is not phenyl substituted with a group
Figure imgf000024_0003
where G1 and G2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G1 and G2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring. Preferred compounds of formulae IG and IH include compounds having any of the preferred R2 groups described above.
Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I further include compounds of the following formula IJ or IK
Figure imgf000024_0004
Where a is a bond or is absent; U5 is C or N; U6 is NH, O or S; and m+ is 0, 1, 2 or 3. Preferred compounds of formulae IJ and IK include compounds having any of the preferred R2 groups described above.
Preferred compounds of the present invention include the compounds exemplified herein.
The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compounds, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier.
The invention also relates to a method of treating cancer in a subject using the above compounds.
The invention also relates to a method of reducing tumor size in a subject using the above compounds.
The invention also relates to a method of reducing metastasis in a tumor in a subject, using the above compounds. The invention also relates to a method of treating HGF-mediated disorders in a subject using the above compounds.
INDICATIONS
Compounds of the present invention would be useful for, but not limited to, the prevention or treatment of angiogenesis related diseases. The compounds of the invention have c-Met inhibitory activity. The compounds of the invention are useful in therapy as antineoplasia agents or to minimize deleterious effects of HGF.
Compounds of the invention would be useful for the treatment of neoplasia including cancer and metastasis, including, but not limited to: carcinoma such as cancer of the bladder, breast, colon, kidney, liver, lung (including small cell lung cancer), esophagus, gall-bladder, ovary, pancreas, stomach, cervix, thyroid, prostate, and skin (including squamous cell carcinoma); hematopoietic tumors of lymphoid lineage (including leukemia, acute lymphocitic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, T-cell-lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, hairy cell lymphoma and Burkett's lymphoma); hematopoietic tumors of myeloid lineage (including acute and chronic myelogenous leukemias, myelodysplasia syndrome and promyelocytic leukemia); tumors of mesenchymal origin (including fibrosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, and other sarcomas, e.g. soft tissue and bone); tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system (including astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, glioma and schwannomas); and other tumors (including melanoma, seminoma, teratocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, xenoderoma pigmentosum, keratoctanthoma, thyroid follicular cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma).
Preferably, the compounds are useful for the treatment of neoplasia selected from lung cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer. The compounds also would be useful for treatment of ophthalmological conditions such as corneal graft rejection, ocular neovascularization, retinal neovascularization including neovascularization following injury or infection, diabetic retinopathy, retrolental fibroplasia and neovascular glaucoma; retinal ischemia; vitreous hemorrhage; ulcerative diseases such as gastric ulcer; pathological, but non-malignant, conditions such as hemangiomas, including infantile hemaginomas, angiofibroma of the nasopharynx and avascular necrosis of bone; and disorders of the female reproductive system such as endometriosis. The compounds are also useful for the treatment of edema, and conditions of vascular hyperpermeability.
The compounds of the invention are useful in therapy of proliferative diseases. These compounds can be used for the treatment of an inflammatory rheumatoid or rheumatic disease, especially of manifestations at the locomotor apparatus, such as various inflammatory rheumatoid diseases, especially chronic polyarthritis including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis or psoriasis arthropathy; paraneoplastic syndrome or tumor-induced inflammatory diseases, turbid effusions, collagenosis, such as systemic Lupus erythematosus, poly-myositis, dermato-myositis, systemic sclerodermia or mixed collagenosis; postinfectious arthritis (where no living pathogenic organism can be found at or in the affected part of the body), seronegative spondylarthritis, such as spondylitis ankylosans; vasculitis, sarcoidosis, or arthrosis; or further any combinations thereof. An example of an inflammation related disorder is (a) synovial inflammation, for example, synovitis, including any of the particular forms of synovitis, in particular bursal synovitis and purulent synovitis, as far as it is not crystal-induced. Such synovial inflammation may for example, be consequential to or associated with disease, e.g. arthritis, e.g. osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or arthritis deformans. The present invention is further applicable to the systemic treatment of inflammation, e.g. inflammatory diseases or conditions, of the joints or locomotor apparatus in the region of the tendon insertions and tendon sheaths. Such inflammation may be, for example, consequential to or associated with disease or further (in a broader sense of the invention) with surgical intervention, including, in particular conditions such as insertion endopathy, myofasciale syndrome and tendomyosis. The present invention is further especially applicable to the treatment of inflammation, e.g. inflammatory disease or condition, of connective tissues including dermatomyositis and myositis. These compounds can be used as active agents against such disease states as arthritis, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, hemangiomas, myocardial angiogenesis, coronary and cerebral collaterals, ischemic limb angiogenesis, wound healing, peptic ulcer Helicobacter related diseases, fractures, cat scratch fever, rubeosis, neovascular glaucoma and retinopathies such as those associated with diabetic retinopathy or macular degeneration. In addition, some of these compounds can be used as active agents against solid tumors, malignant ascites, hematopoietic cancers and hyperproliferative disorders such as thyroid hyperplasia (especially Grave's disease), and cysts (such as hypervascularity of ovarian stroma, characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (Stein-Leventhal syndrome)) since such diseases require a proliferation of blood vessel cells for growth and/or metastasis.
Further, some of these compounds can be used as active agents against burns, chronic lung disease, stroke, polyps, anaphylaxis, chronic and allergic inflammation, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, brain tumor-associated cerebral edema, high-altitude, trauma or hypoxia induced cerebral or pulmonary edema, ocular and macular edema, ascites, and other diseases where vascular hyperpermeability, effusions, exudates, protein extravasation, or edema is a manifestation of the disease. The compounds will also be useful in treating disorders in which protein extravasation leads to the deposition of fibrin and extracellular matrix, promoting stromal proliferation (e.g. fibrosis, cirrhosis and carpal tunnel syndrome).
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of ulcers including bacterial, fungal, Mooren ulcers and ulcerative colitis.
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of conditions wherein undesired angiogenesis, edema, or stromal deposition occurs in viral infections such as Herpes simplex, Herpes Zoster, AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma, protozoan infections and toxoplasmosis, following trauma, radiation, stroke, endometriosis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, systemic lupus, sarcoidosis, synovitis, Crohn's disease, sickle cell anemia, Lyme disease, pemphigoid, Paget's disease, hyperviscosity syndrome, Osler-Weber-Rendu disease, chronic inflammation, chronic occlusive pulmonary disease, asthma, and inflammatory rheumatoid or rheumatic disease. The compounds are also useful in the reduction of subcutaneous fat and for the treatment of obesity. The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of ocular conditions such as ocular and macular edema, ocular neovascular disease, scleritis, radial keratotomy, uveitis, vitritis, myopia, optic pits, chronic retinal detachment, post-laser complications, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, Stargardt's disease and Eales disease in addition to retinopathy and macular degeneration. The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, arteriosclerosis, vascular occlusion and carotid obstructive disease.
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of cancer related indications such as solid tumors, sarcomas (especially Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma), retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastoma, hematopoietic malignancies, including leukemia and lymphoma, tumor-induced pleural or pericardial effusions, and malignant ascites.
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of diabetic conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and microangiopathy.
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the reduction of blood flow in a tumor in a subject.
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the reduction of metastasis of a tumor in a subject. The compounds of this invention may also act as inhibitors of other protein kinases, e.g. tie-2, lck, src, fgf, c-Met, ron, ckit and ret, and thus be effective in the treatment of diseases associated with other protein kinases.
Besides being useful for human treatment, these compounds are also useful for veterinary treatment of companion animals, exotic animals and farm animals, including mammals, rodents, and the like. More preferred animals include horses, dogs, and cats.
As used herein, the compounds of the present invention include the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof.
Where the plural form is used for compounds, salts, and the like, this is taken to mean also a single compound, salt and the like. DEFINITIONS
" Angiogenesis" is defined as any alteration of an existing vascular bed or the formation of new vasculature, which benefits tissue perfasion. This includes the formation of new vessels by sprouting of endothelial cells from existing blood vessels or the remodeling of existing vessels to alter size, maturity, direction or flow properties to improve blood perfusion of tissue.
As used herein, "HGF" refers to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. This includes purified hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, chemically synthesized fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, derivatives or mutated versions of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, and fusion proteins comprising hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and another protein. "HGF" as used herein also includes hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor isolated from species other than humans.
As used herein "c-Met" refers to the receptor for HGF. This includes purified receptor, fragments of receptor, chemically synthesized fragments of receptor, derivatives or mutated versions of receptor, and fusion proteins comprising the receptor and another protein. "c-Met" as used herein also includes the HGF receptor isolated from a species other than humans.
As used herein, "HGF" refers to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. This includes purified hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, chemically synthesized fragments of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, derivatives or mutated versions of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, and fusion proteins comprising hepatocyte growth.factor/scatter factor and another protein. "HGF" as used herein also includes hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor isolated from species other than humans.
As used herein "c-Met" refers to the receptor for HGF. This includes purified receptor, fragments of receptor, chemically synthesized fragments of receptor, derivatives or mutated versions of receptor, and fusion proteins comprising the receptor and another protein. "c-Met" as used herein also includes the HGF receptor isolated from a species other than humans.
As used herein, the terms "hepatocyte growth factor" and "HGF" refer to a growth factor typically having a structure with six domains (finger, Kringle 1, Kringle 2, Kringle 3, Kringle 4 and serine protease domains). Fragments of HGF constitute HGF with fewer domains and variants of HGF may have some of the domains of HGF repeated; both are included if they still retain their respective ability to bind a HGF receptor. The terms "hepatocyte growth factor" and "HGF" include hepatocyte growth factor from humans ("huHGF") and any non-human mammalian species, and in particular rat HGF. The terms as used herein include mature, pre, pre-pro, and pro forms, purified from a natural source, chemically synthesized or recombinantly produced. Human HGF is encoded by the cDNA sequence published by Miyazawa et al. (1989), supra, or Nakamura et al. (1989), supra. The sequences reported by Miyazawa et al. and Nakamura et al. differ in 14 amino acids. The reason for the differences is not entirely clear; polymorphism or cloning artifacts are among the possibilities. Both sequences are specifically encompassed by the foregoing terms. It will be understood that natural allelic variations exist and can occur among individuals, as demonstrated by one or more amino acid differences in the amino acid sequence of each individual. The terms "hepatocyte growth factor" and "HGF" specifically include the delta 5 huHGF as disclosed by Seki et al., supra. The terms "HGF receptor" and "c-Met" when used herein refer to a cellular receptor for HGF, which typically includes an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain, as well as variants and fragments thereof which retain the ability to bind HGF. The terms "HGF receptor" and "c-Met" include the polypeptide molecule that comprises the full-length, native amino acid sequence encoded by the gene variously known as pl90.sup.MET. The present definition specifically encompasses soluble forms of HGF receptor, and HGF receptor from natural sources, synthetically produced in vitro or obtained by genetic manipulation including methods of recombinant DNA technology. The HGF receptor variants or fragments preferably share at least about 65% sequence homology, and more preferably at least about 75% sequence homology with any domain of the human c-Met amino acid sequence published in Rodrigues et al., MoI. Cell. Biol., 11 :2962-2970 (1991); Park et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 84:6379-6383 (1987); or Ponzetto et al., Oncogene, 6:553- 559 (1991).
The terms "agonist" and "agonistic" when used herein refer to or describe a molecule which is capable of, directly or indirectly, substantially inducing, promoting or enhancing HGF biological activity or HGF receptor activation.
The terms "cancer" and "cancerous" when used herein refer to or describe the physiological condition in mammals that is typically characterized by unregulated cell growth. Examples of cancer include but are not limited to, carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma, blastoma and leukemia. More particular examples of such cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, hepatoma, breast cancer, colon carcinoma, and head and neck cancer. While the term "cancer" as used herein is not limited to any one specific form of the disease, it is believed that the methods of the invention will be particularly effective for cancers which are found to be accompanied by increased levels of HGF or expression of c-Met in the mammal.
The terms "treating," "treatment," and "therapy" as used herein refer to curative therapy, prophylactic therapy, and preventative therapy.
The term "mammal" as used herein refers to any mammal classified as a mammal, including humans, cows, horses, dogs and cats. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mammal is a human.
Given that elevated levels of c-Met and HGF are observed in hypertension, arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and rheumatoid arthritis, nucleic acid ligands will serve as useful therapeutic agents for these diseases. The term "treatment" includes therapeutic treatment as well as prophylactic treatment (either preventing the onset of disorders altogether or delaying the onset of a pre-clinically evident stage of disorders in individuals).
A "pharmaceutically-acceptable derivative " denotes any salt, ester of a compound of this invention, or any other compound which upon administration to a patient is capable of providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of this invention, or a metabolite or residue thereof, characterized by the ability to inhibit angiogenesis.
The phrase "therapeutically-effective" is intended to qualify the amount of each agent, which will achieve the goal of improvement in disorder severity and the frequency of incidence over treatment of each agent by itself, while avoiding adverse side effects typically associated with alternative therapies. For example, effective neoplastic therapeutic agents prolong the survivability of the patient, inhibit the rapidly proliferating cell growth associated with the neoplasm, or effect a regression of the neoplasm.
The term "H" denotes a single hydrogen atom. This radical may be attached, for example, to an oxygen atom to form a hydroxyl radical.
Where the term "alkyl" is used, either alone or within other terms such as "haloalkyl" and "alkylamino", it embraces linear or branched radicals having one to about twelve carbon atoms. More preferred alkyl radicals are "lower alkyl" radicals having one to about six carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, . sec-butyl, tert-buty\, pentyl, isoamyl, hexyl and the like. Even more preferred are lower alkyl radicals having one or two carbon atoms. The term "alkylenyl" embraces bridging divalent alkyl radicals such as methylenyl and ethylenyl. The term "lower alkyl substituted with R2" does not include an acetal moiety.
The term "alkenyl" embraces linear or branched radicals having at least one carbon- carbon double bond of two to about twelve carbon atoms. More preferred alkenyl radicals are
"lower alkenyl" radicals having two to about six carbon atoms. Most preferred lower alkenyl radicals are radicals having two to about four carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl radicals include ethenyl, propenyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl and 4-methylbutenyl. The terms "alkenyl" and "lower alkenyl", embrace radicals having "cis" and "trans" orientations, or alternatively, "E" and "Z" orientations.
The term "alkynyl" denotes linear or branched radicals having at least one carbon- carbon triple bond and having two to about twelve carbon atoms. More preferred alkynyl radicals are "lower alkynyl" radicals having two to about six carbon atoms. Most preferred are lower alkynyl radicals having two to about four carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include propargyl, butynyl, and the like.
Alkyl, alkylenyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl radicals may be optionally substituted with one or more functional groups such as halo, hydroxy, nitro, amino, cyano, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo and the like.
The term "halo" means halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms. The term "haloalkyl" embraces radicals wherein any one or more of the alkyl carbon atoms is substituted with halo as defined above. Specifically embraced are monohaloalkyl, dihaloalkyl and polyhaloalkyl radicals including perhaloalkyl. A monohaloalkyl radical, for one example, may have either an iodo, bromo, chloro or fluoro atom within the radical. Dihalo and polyhaloalkyl radicals may have two or more of the same halo atoms or a combination of different halo radicals. "Lower haloalkyl" embraces radicals having 1-6 carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower haloalkyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of haloalkyl radicals include fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoropropyl, difluorochloromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, difluoroethyl, difluoropropyl, dichloroethyl and dichloropropyl. "Perfluoroalkyl" means alkyl radicals having all hydrogen atoms replaced with fluoro atoms. Examples include trifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl.
The term "hydroxyalkyl" embraces linear or branched alkyl radicals having one to about ten carbon atoms any one of which may be substituted with one or more hydroxyl radicals. More preferred hydroxyalkyl radicals are "lower hydroxyalkyl" radicals having one to six carbon atoms and one or more hydroxyl radicals. Examples of such radicals include hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl and hydroxyhexyl. Even more preferred are lower hydroxyalkyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms. The term "alkoxy" embraces linear or branched oxy-containing radicals each having alkyl portions of one to about ten carbon atoms. More preferred alkoxy radicals are "lower alkoxy" radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and tert-butoxy. Even more preferred are lower alkoxy radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Alkoxy radicals may be further substituted with one or more halo atoms, such as fluoro, chloro or bromo, to provide "haloalkoxy" radicals. Even more preferred are lower haloalkoxy radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include fluoromethoxy, chloromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoroethoxy, fluoroethoxy and fluoropropoxy. The term "aryl", alone or in combination, means a carbocycHc aromatic system containing one or two rings wherein such rings may be attached together in a fused manner. The term "aryl" embraces aromatic radicals such as phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, and indanyl. More preferred aryl is phenyl. Said "aryl" group may have 1 or more substituents such as lower alkyl, hydroxyl, halo, haloalkyl, nitro, cyano, alkoxy, lower alkylamino, and the like. Phenyl substituted with -0-CH2-O- forms the aryl benzodioxolyl substiruent.
The term "heterocyclyl" (or "heterocyclo") embraces saturated, and partially saturated and heteroatom-containing ring radicals, where the heteroatoms may be selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. It does not include rings containing -O-O-,-O-S- or -S-S- portions. Said "heterocyclyl" group may have 1 to 3 substituents such as hydroxyl, Boc, halo, haloalkyl, cyano, lower alkyl, lower aralkyl, oxo, lower alkoxy, amino, lower alkylamino, and the like.
Examples of saturated heterocyclic radicals include saturated 3 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic groups containing 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms [e.g. pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, piperazinyl]; saturated 3 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g. morpholinyl]; saturated 3 to 6- membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 sulfur atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g., thiazolidinyl]. Examples of partially saturated heterocyclyl radicals include dihydrothienyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrofuryl, dihydrothiazolyl, and the like. Particular examples of partially saturated and saturated heterocyclyl include pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, thiazolidinyl, dihydrothienyl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[l,4]dioxanyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, isochromanyl, chromanyl, 1,2- dihydroquinolyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolyl, 2,3,4,4a,9,9a- hexahydro-lH-3-aza-fluorenyl, 5,6,7-trihydro-l,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]isoquinolyl, 3,4-dihydro- 2H-benzo[l,4]oxazinyl, benzo[l,4]dioxanyl, 2,3-dihydro-lH-lλ'-benzo[d]isothiazol-6-yl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrofuryl and dihydrothiazolyl, and the like.
The term heterocyclyl, (or heterocyclo) also embraces radicals where heterocyclic radicals are fused/condensed with aryl radicals: unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 5 nitrogen atoms, for example, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, benzimidazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, tetrazolopyridazinyl [e.g., tetrazolo [1,5- b]pyridazinyl]; unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g. benzoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl]; unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 sulfur atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms [e.g., benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl]; and saturated, partially unsaturated and unsaturated condensed heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen or sulfur atoms [e.g. benzofuryl, benzothienyl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[l,4]dioxinyl and dihydrobenzofuryl].
The term "heteroaryl" denotes aryl ring systems that contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group O, N and S, wherein the ring nitrogen and sulfur atom(s) are optionally oxidized, and nitrogen atom(s) are optionally quarternized. Examples include unsaturated 5 to 6 membered heteromonocyclyl group containing 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, for example, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazolyl [e.g., 4H-l,2,4-triazolyl, lH-l,2,3-triazolyl, 2H-l,2,3-triazolyl]; unsaturated 5- to 6- membered heteromonocyclic group containing an oxygen atom, for example, pyranyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, etc.; unsaturated 5 to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing a sulfur atom, for example, 2-thienyI, 3-thienyl, etc.; unsaturated 5- to 6-membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms, for example, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl [e.g., 1 ,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl]; unsaturated 5 to 6- membered heteromonocyclic group containing 1 to 2 sulfur atoms and 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms, . for example, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl [e.g., 1 ,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,5- thiadiazolyl].
The term "sulfonyl", whether used alone or linked to other terms such as alkylsulfonyl, denotes respectively divalent radicals -SO2-. The terms "sulfamyl," "aminosulfonyl" and "sulfonamidyl," denotes a sulfonyl radical substituted with an amine radical, forming a sulfonamide (-SO2NH2).
The term "alkylaminosulfonyl" includes "N-alkylaminosulfonyl" where sulfamyl radicals are independently substituted with one or two alkyl radical(s). More preferred alkylaminosulfonyl radicals are "lower alkylaminosulfonyl" radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminosulfonyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such lower alkylaminosulfonyl radicals include N-methylaminosulfonyl, and N-ethylaminosulfonyl.
The terms "carboxy" or "carboxyl", whether used alone or with other terms, such as "carboxyalkyl", denotes -CO2H. The term "carbonyl", whether used alone or with other terms, such as "aminocarbonyl", denotes -(C=O)-.
The term "aminocarbonyl" denotes an amide group of the formula -C(=O)NH2.
The terms "N-alkylaminocarbonyl" and "N,N-dialkylaminocarbonyl" denote aminocarbonyl radicals independently substituted with one or two alkyl radicals, respectively. More preferred are "lower alkylaminocarbonyl" having lower alkyl radicals as described above attached to an aminocarbonyl radical.
The terms "N-arylaminocarbonyl" and "N-alkyl-N-arylaminocarbonyl" denote aminocarbonyl radicals substituted, respectively, with one aryl radical, or one alkyl and one aryl radical.
The terms "heterocyclylalkylenyl" and "heterocyclyl alkyl" embrace heterocyclic- substituted alkyl radicals. More preferred heterocyclylalkyl radicals are "5- or 6-membered heteroarylalkyl" radicals having alkyl portions of one to six carbon atoms and a 5- or 6- membered heteroaryl radical. Even more preferred are lower heteroarylalkylenyl radicals having alkyl portions of one to three carbon atoms. Examples include such radicals as pyridylmethyl and thienylmethyl.
The term "aralkyl" embraces aryl-substituted alkyl radicals. Preferable aralkyl radicals are "lower aralkyl" radicals having aryl radicals attached to alkyl radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are "phenylalkylenyl" attached to alkyl portions having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include benzyl, diphenylmethyl and phenylethyl. The aryl in said aralkyl may be additionally substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy, halkoalkyl and haloalkoxy.
The term "alkylthio" embraces radicals containing a linear or branched alkyl radical, of one to ten carbon atoms, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. Even more preferred are lower alkylthio radicals having one to three carbon atoms. An example of "alkylthio" is methylthio, (CH3S-).
The term "haloalkylthio" embraces radicals containing a haloalkyl radical, of one to ten carbon atoms, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. Even more preferred are lower haloalkylthio radicals having one to three carbon atoms. An example of "haloalkylthio" is trifluoromethylthio.
The term "alkylamino" embraces "N-alkylamino" and "N,N-dialkylamino" where amino groups are independently substituted with one alkyl radical and with two alkyl radicals, respectively. More preferred alkylamino radicals are "lower alkylamino" radicals having one or two alkyl radicals of one to six carbon atoms, attached to a nitrogen atom. Even more preferred are lower alkylamino radicals having one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylamino radicals may be mono or dialkylamino such as N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N,N- dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino and the like. The term "arylamino" denotes amino groups, which have been substituted with one or two aryl radicals, such as N-phenylamino. The arylamino radicals may be further substituted on the aryl ring portion of the radical.
The term "heteroarylamino" denotes amino groups, which have been substituted with one or two heteroaryl radicals, such as N-thienylamino. The "heteroarylamino" radicals may be further substituted on the heteroaryl ring portion of the radical.
The term "aralkylamino" denotes amino groups, which have been substituted with one or two aralkyl radicals. More preferred are phenyl-Ci-C3-alkylamino radicals, such as N- benzylamino. The aralkylamino radicals may be further substituted on the aryl ring portion. The terms "N-alkyl-N-arylamino" and "N-aralkyl-N-alkylamino" denote amino groups, which have been independently substituted with one aralkyl and one alkyl radical, or one aryl and one alkyl radical, respectively, to an amino group.
The term "aminoalkyl" embraces linear or branched alkyl radicals having one to about ten carbon atoms any one of which may be substituted with one or more amino radicals. More preferred aminoalkyl radicals are "lower aminoalkyl" radicals having one to six carbon atoms and one or more amino radicals. Examples of such radicals include aminomethyl, aminoethyl, aminopropyl, aminobutyl and aminohexyl. Even more preferred are lower aminoalkyl radicals having one to three carbon atoms.
The term "alkylaminoalkyl" embraces alkyl radicals substituted with alkylamino radicals. More preferred alkylaminoalkyl radicals are "lower alkylaminoalkyl" radicals having alkyl radicals of one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminoalkyl radicals having alkyl radicals of one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylaminoalkyl radicals may be mono or dialkyl substituted, such as N-methylaminomethyl, N,N-dimethyl-aminoethyl, N,N-diethylaminomethyl and the like. The term "alkylaminoalkoxy" embraces alkoxy radicals substituted with alkylamino radicals. More preferred alkylaminoalkoxy radicals are "lower alkylaminoalkoxy" radicals having alkoxy radicals of one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminoalkoxy radicals having alkyl radicals of one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylaminoalkoxy radicals may be mono or dialkyl substituted, such as N-methylaminoethoxy, N,N-dimethylaminoethoxy, N,N-diethylaminoethoxy and the like.
The term "alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy" embraces alkoxy radicals substituted with alkylaminoalkoxy radicals. More preferred alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy radicals are "lower alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy" radicals having alkoxy radicals of one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are lower alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy radicals having alkyl radicals of one to three carbon atoms. Suitable alkylaminoalkoxyalkoxy radicals may be mono or dialkyl substituted, such as N-methylaminomethoxyethoxy, N-methylaminoethoxyethoxy, N5N- dimethylaminoethoxyethoxy, N,N-diethylaminomethoxymethoxy and the like.
The term "carboxyalkyl" embraces linear or branched alkyl radicals having one to about ten carbon atoms any one of which may be substituted with one or more carboxy radicals. More preferred carboxyalkyl radicals are "lower carboxyalkyl" radicals having one to six carbon atoms and one carboxy radical. Examples of such radicals include carboxymethyl, carboxypropyl, and the like. Even more preferred are lower carboxyalkyl radicals having one to three CH2 groups. The term "halosulfonyl" embraces sulfonyl radicals substituted with a halogen radical.
Examples of such halosulfonyl radicals include chlorosulfonyl and fluorosulfonyl.
The term "arylthio" embraces aryl radicals of six to ten carbon atoms, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. An example of "arylthio" is phenylthio.
The term "aralkylthio" embraces aralkyl radicals as described above, attached to a divalent sulfur atom. More preferred are phenyl-Ci-C3-alkylthio radicals. An example of "aralkylthio" is benzylthio.
The term "aryloxy" embraces optionally substituted aryl radicals, as defined above, attached to an oxygen atom. Examples of such radicals include phenoxy.
The term "aralkoxy" embraces oxy- containing aralkyl radicals attached through an oxygen atom to other radicals. More preferred aralkoxy radicals are "lower aralkoxy" radicals having optionally substituted phenyl radicals attached to lower alkoxy radical as described above.
The term "heteroaryloxy" embraces optionally substituted heteroaryl radicals, as defined above, attached to an oxygen atom. The term "heteroarylalkoxy" embraces oxy-containing heteroarylalkyl radicals attached through an oxygen atom to other radicals. More preferred heteroarylalkoxy radicals are "lower heteroarylalkoxy" radicals having optionally substituted heteroaryl radicals attached to lower alkoxy radical as described above.
The term "cycloalkyl" includes saturated carbocyclic groups. Preferred cycloalkyl groups include C3-C6 rings. More preferred compounds include, cyclopentyl, cyclopropyl, and cyclohexyl.
The term "cycloalkylalkyl" embraces cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl radicals. Preferable cycloalkylalkyl radicals are "lower cycloalkylalkyl" radicals having cycloalkyl radicals attached to alkyl radicals having one to six carbon atoms. Even more preferred are "5-6- membered cycloalkylalkyl" attached to alkyl portions having one to three carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals include cyclohexylmethyl. The cycloalkyl in said radicals may be additionally substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy and hydroxy.
The term "cycloalkenyl" includes carbocyclic groups having one or more carbon- carbon double bonds including "cycloalkyldienyl" compounds. Preferred cycloalkenyl groups include C3-C6 rings. More preferred compounds include, for example, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl and cycloheptadienyl.
The term "comprising" is meant to be open ended, including the indicated component but not excluding other elements. The term(s) "Formulas I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII" either alone or in combination includes any sub formulas.
The compounds of the invention are endowed with c-Met inhibitory activity.
The present invention also comprises the use of a compound of the invention, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment either acutely or chronically of an angiogenesis mediated disease state, including those described previously. The compounds of the present invention are useful in the manufacture of an anti-cancer medicament. The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the manufacture of a medicament to attenuate or prevent disorders through inhibition of c-Met.
The present invention comprises a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the current invention in association with a least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or diluent.
The present invention also comprises a method of treating angiogenesis related disorders in a subject having or susceptible to such disorder, the method comprising treating the subject with a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the current invention. COMBINATIONS
While the compounds of the invention can be administered as the sole active pharmaceutical agent, they can also be used in combination with one or more compounds of the invention or other agents. When administered as a combination, the therapeutic agents can be formulated as separate compositions that are administered at the same time or sequentially at different times, or the therapeutic agents can be given as a single composition.
The phrase "co-therapy" (or "combination-therapy"), in defining use of a compound of the present invention and another pharmaceutical agent, is intended to embrace administration of each agent in a sequential manner in a regimen that will provide beneficial effects of the drug combination, and is intended as well to embrace co-administration of these agents in a substantially simultaneous manner, such as in a single capsule having a fixed ratio of these active agents or in multiple, separate capsules for each agent.
Specifically, the administration of compounds of the present invention may be in conjunction with additional therapies known to those skilled in the art in the prevention or treatment of neoplasia, such as with radiation therapy or with cytostatic or cytotoxic agents.
If formulated as a fixed dose, such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the accepted dosage ranges. Compounds of the current invention may also be administered sequentially with known anticancer or cytotoxic agents when a combination formulation is inappropriate. The invention is not limited in the sequence of administration; compounds of the invention may be administered either prior to, simultaneous with or after administration of the known anticancer or cytotoxic agent.
Currently, standard treatment of primary tumors consists of surgical excision followed by either radiation or IV administered chemotherapy. The typical chemotherapy regime consists of either DNA alkylating agents, DNA intercalating agents, CDK inhibitors, or microtubule poisons. The chemotherapy doses used are just below the maximal tolerated dose and therefore dose limiting toxicities typically include, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, neutropenia and the like.
There are large numbers of antineoplastic agents available in commercial use, in clinical evaluation and in pre-clinical development, which would be selected for treatment of neoplasia by combination drug chemotherapy. Such antineoplastic agents fall into several major categories, namely, antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents and a category of miscellaneous agents.
A first family of antineoplastic agents, which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention, consists of antimetabolite-type/thymidilate synthase inhibitor antineoplastic agents. Suitable antimetabolite antineoplastic agents may be selected from but not limited to the group consisting of 5-FU-fibrinogen, acanthifolic acid, aminothiadiazole, brequinar sodium, carmofur, Ciba-Geigy CGP-30694, cyclopentyl cytosine, cytarabine phosphate stearate, cytarabine conjugates, Lilly DATHF, Merrel Dow DDFC, dezaguanine, dideoxycytidine, dideoxyguanosine, didox, Yoshitomi DMDC, doxifluridine,
Wellcome EHNA, Merck & Co. EX-Ol 5, fazarabine, floxuridine, fludarabine phosphate, 5- fluorouracil, N-(2'-furanidyl)-5-fluorouracil, Daiichi Seiyaku FO-152, isopropyl pyrrolizine, Lilly LY-188011, Lilly LY-264618, methobenzaprim, methotrexate, Wellcome MZPES, norspermidine, NCI NSC- 127716, NCI NSC-264880, NCI NSC-39661, NCI NSC-612567, Warner-Lambert PALA, pentostatin, piritrexim, plicamycin, Asahi Chemical PL-AC, Takeda TAC-788, thioguanine, tiazofurin, Erbamont TIF, trimetrexate, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Taiho UFT and uricytin.
A second family of antineoplastic agents, which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention, consists of alkylating-type antineoplastic agents. Suitable alkylating-type antineoplastic agents may be selected from but not limited to the group consisting of Shionogi 254-S, aldo-phosphamide analogues, altretamine, anaxirone, Boehringer Mannheim BBR-2207, bestrabucil, budotitane, Wakunaga CA-102, carboplatin, carmustine, Chinoin-139, Chinoin-153, chlorambucil, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, American Cyanamid CL-286558, Sanofi CY-233, cyplatate, Degussa D-19-384, Sumimoto DACHP(Myr)2, diphenylspiromustine, diplatinum cytostatic, Erba distamycin derivatives, Chugai DWA- 2114R, ITI E09, elmustine, Erbamont FCE-24517, estramustine phosphate sodium, fotemustine, Unimed G-6-M, Chinoin GYKI-17230, hepsul-fam, ifosfamide, iproplatin, lomustine, mafosfamide, mitolactol, Nippon Kayaku NK-121, NCI NSC-264395, NCI NSC- 342215, oxaliplatin, Upjohn PCNU, prednimustine, Proter PTT-119, ranimustine, semustine, SmithKline SK&F-101772, Yakult Honsha SN-22, spiromus-tine, Tanabe Seiyaku TA-077, tauromustine, temozolomide, teroxirone, tetraplatin and trimelamol.
A third family of antineoplastic agents which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention consists of antibiotic-type antineoplastic agents. Suitable antibiotic-type antineoplastic agents may be selected from but not limited to the group consisting of Taiho 4181 -A, aclarubicin, actinomycin D, actinoplanone, Erbamont ADR-456, aeroplysinin derivative, Ajinomoto AN-201-II, Ajinomoto AN-3, Nippon Soda anisomycins, anthracycline, azino-mycin-A, bisucaberin, Bristol-Myers BL-6859, Bristol-Myers BMY- 25067, Bristol-Myers BMY-25551, Bristol-Myers BMY-26605, Bristol-Myers BMY-27557, Bristol-Myers BMY-28438, bleomycin sulfate, bryostatin-1, Taiho C-1027, calichemycin, chromoximycin, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, Kyowa Hakko DC- 102, Kyowa Hakko DC-79, Kyowa Hakko DC-88A, Kyowa Hakko DC89-A1, Kyowa Hakko DC92-B, ditrisarubicin B, Shionogi DOB-41, doxorubicin, doxorubicin-fibrinogen, elsamicin-A, epirubicin, erbstatin, esorubicin, esperamicin-Al, esperamicin-Alb, Erbamont FCE-21954, Fujisawa FK-973, fostriecin, Fujisawa FR-900482, glidobactin, gregatin-A, grincamycin, herbimycin, idarubicin, illudins, kazusamycin, kesarirhodins, Kyowa Hakko KM-5539, Kirin Brewery KRN-8602, Kyowa Hakko KT-5432, Kyowa Hakko KT-5594, Kyowa Hakko KT-6149, American Cyanamid LL-D49194, Meiji Seika ME 2303, menogaril, mitomycin, mitoxantrone, SmithKline M-TAG, neoenactin, Nippon Kayaku NK-313, Nippon Kayaku NKT-01, SRI International NSC-357704, oxalysine, oxaunomycin, peplomycin, pilatin, pirarubicin, porothramycin, pyrindanycin A, Tobishi RA-I, rapamycin, rhizoxin, rodorubicin, sibanomicin, siwenmycin, Sumitomo SM-5887, Snow Brand SN-706, Snow Brand SN-07, sorangicin-A, sparsomycin, SS Pharmaceutical SS-21020, SS Pharmaceutical SS-7313B, SS Pharmaceutical SS-9816B, steffimycin B, Taiho 4181-2, talisomycin, Takeda TAN-868A, terpentecin, thrazine, tricrozarin A, Upjohn U-73975, Kyowa Hakko UCN-10028A, Fujisawa WF-3405, Yoshitomi Y-25024 and zorubicin.
A fourth family of antineoplastic agents which may be used in combination with compounds of the present invention consists of a miscellaneous family of antineoplastic agents, including tubulin interacting agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, topoisomerase I inhibitors and hormonal agents, selected from but not limited to the group consisting of α- carotene, α-difluoromethyl-arginine, acitretin, Biotec AD-5, Kyorin AHC-52, alstonine, amonafide, amphethinile, amsacrine, Angiostat, ankinomycin, anti-neoplaston AlO, antineoplaston A2, antineoplaston A3, antineoplaston A5, antineoplaston AS2-1, Henkel APD, aphidicolin glycinate, asparaginase, Avarol, baccharin, batracylin, benfluron, benzotript, Ipsen- Beaufour BIM-23015, bisantrene, Bristol-Myers BMY-40481, Vestar boron- 10, bromofosfamide, Wellcome BW-502, Wellcome BW-773, caracemide, carmethizole hydrochloride, Ajinomoto CDAF, chlorsulfaquinoxalone, Chemes CHX-2053, Chemex CHX- 100, Warner-Lambert CI-921, Warner-Lambert CI-937, Warner-Lambert CI-941, Warner- Lambert CI-958, clanfenur, claviridenone, ICN compound 1259, ICN compound 4711 ,
Contracan, Yakult Honsha CPT-11, crisnatol, curaderm, cytochalasin B, cytarabine, cytocytin, Merz D-609, DABIS maleate, dacarbazine, datelliptinium, didemnin-B, dihaematoporphyrin ether, dihydrolenperone, dinaline, distamycin, Toyo Pharmar DM-341, Toyo Pharmar DM-75, Daiichi Seiyaku DN-9693, docetaxel elliprabin, elliptinium acetate, Tsumura EPMTC, the epothilones, ergotamine, etoposide, etretinate, fenretinide, Fujisawa FR-57704, gallium nitrate, genkwadaphnin, Chugai GLA-43, Glaxo GR-63178, grifolan NMF-5N, hexadecylphosphocholine, Green Cross HO-221, homoharringtonine, hydroxyurea, BTG ICRF-187, ilmofosine, isoglutamine, isotretinoin, Otsuka JI-36, Ramot K-477, Otsuak K- 76COONa, Kureha Chemical K-AM, MECT Corp KI-8110, American Cyanamid L-623, leukoregulin, lonidamine, Lundbeck LU-23-112, Lilly LY-186641, NCI (US) MAP, marycin,
Merrel Dow MDL-27048, Medco MEDR-340, merbarone, merocyanlne derivatives, methyl anilinoacridine, Molecular Genetics MGI-136, minactivin, mitonafide, mitoquidone mopidamol, motretinide, Zenyaku Kogyo MST-16, N-(retinoyl)amino acids, Nisshin Flour Milling N-021, N-acylated-dehydroalanines, nafazatrom, Taisho NCU- 190, nocodazole derivative, Normosang, NCI NSC-145813, NCI NSC-361456, NCI NSC-604782, NCI NSC- 95580, ocreotide, Ono ONO-112, oquizanocine, Akzo Org-10172, paclitaxel, pancrati statin, pazelliptine, Wamer-Lambert PD-111707, Warner-Lambert PD-115934, Warner-Lambert PD- 131141, Pierre Fabre PE-IOOl, ICRT peptide D, piroxantrone, polyhaematoporphyrin, polypreic acid, Efamol porphyrin, probimane, procarbazine, proglumide, Invitron protease nexin I, Tobishi RA-700, razoxane, Sapporo Breweries RBS, restrictin-P, retelliptine, retinoic acid, Rhone-Poulenc RP-49532, Rhone-Poulenc RP-56976, SmithKline SK&F-l 04864, Sumitomo SM-108, Kuraray SMANCS, SeaPharm SP-10094, spatol, spirocyclopropane derivatives, spirogermanium, Unimed, SS Pharmaceutical SS-554, strypoldinone, Stypoldione, Suntory SUN 0237, Suntory SUN 2071 , superoxide dismutase, Toyama T-506, Toyama T-680, taxol, Teijin TEI-0303, teniposide, thaliblastine, Eastman Kodak TJB-29, tocotrienol, topotecan, Topostin, Teijin TT-82, Kyowa Hakko UCN-Ol, Kyowa Hakko UCN-1028, ukrain, Eastman Kodak USB-006, vinblastine sulfate, vincristine, vindesine, vinestramide, vinorelbine, vintriptol, vinzolidine, withanolides and Yamanouchi YM-534. Alternatively, the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with other antineoplastic agents, such as acemannan, aclarubicin, aldesleukin, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, altretamine, amifostine, aminolevulinic acid, amrubicin, amsacrine, anagrelide, anastrozole, ANCER, ancestim, ARGLABIN, arsenic trioxide, BAM 002 (Novelos), bexarotene, bicalutamide, broxuridine, capecitabine, celmoleukin, cetrorelix, cladribine, clotrimazole, cytarabine ocfosfate, DA 3030 (Dong-A), daclizumab, denileukin diftitox, deslorelin, dexrazoxane, dilazep, docetaxel, docosanol, doxercalciferol, doxifluridine, doxorubicin, bromocriptine, carmustine, cytarabine, fluorouracil, HIT diclofenac, interferon alfa, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, tretinoin, edelfosine, edrecolomab, eflornithine, emitefur, epirubicin, epoetin beta, etoposide phosphate, exemestane, exisulind, fadrozole, filgrastim, finasteride, fludarabine phosphate, formestane, fotemustine, gallium nitrate, gemcitabine, gemtuzumab zogamicin, gimeracil/oteracil/tegafur combination, glycopine, goserelin, heptaplatin, human chorionic gonadotropin, human fetal alpha fetoprotein, ibandronic acid, idarubicin, (imiquimod, interferon alfa, interferon alfa, natural, interferon alfa-2, interferon alfa-2a, interferon alfa- 2b, interferon alfa-Nl, interferon alfa-n3, interferon alfacon-1, interferon alpha, natural, interferon beta, interferon beta- Ia, interferon beta- Ib, interferon gamma, natural interferon gamma- Ia, interferon gamma- Ib, interleukin-1 beta, iobenguane, irinotecan, irsogladine, lanreotide, LC 9018 (Yakult), leflunomide, lenograstim, lentinan sulfate, letrozole, leukocyte alpha interferon, leuprorelin, levamisole + fluorouracil, liarozole, lobaplatin, lonidamine, lovastatin, masoprocol, melarsoprol, metoclopramide, mifepristone, miltefosine, mirimostim, mismatched double stranded RNA, mitoguazone, mitolactol, mitoxantrone, molgramostim, nafarelin, naloxone + pentazocine, nartograstim, nedaplatin, nilutamide, noscapine, novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein, NSC 631570 octreotide, oprelvekin, osaterone, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, pamidronic acid, pegaspargase, peginterferon alfa-2b, pentosan polysulfate sodium, pentostatin, picibanil, pirarubicin, rabbit antithymocyte polyclonal antibody, polyethylene glycol interferon alfa-2a, porfimer sodium, raloxifene, raltitrexed, rasburicase, rhenium Re 186 etidronate, RII retinamide, rituximab, romurtide, samarium (153 Sm) lexidronam, sargramostim, sizofiran, sobuzoxane, sonermin, strontium-89 chloride, suramin, tasonermin, tazarotene, tegafur, temoporfin, temozolomide, teniposide, tetrachlorodecaoxide, thalidomide, thymalfasin, thyrotropin alfa, topotecan, toremifene, tositumomab-iodine 131, trastuzumab, treosulfan, tretinoin, trilostane, trimetrexate, triptorelin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, natural, ubenimex, bladder cancer vaccine, Maruyama vaccine, melanoma lysate vaccine, valrubicin, verteporfin, vinorelbine, VIRULIZIN, zinostatin stimalamer, or zoledronic acid; abarelix; AE 941 (Aeterna), ambamustine, antisense oligonucleotide, bcl-2 (Genta), APC 8015 (Dendreon), cetuximab, decitabine, dexaminoglutethimide, diaziquone, EL 532 (Elan), EM 800 (Endorecherche), eniluracil, etanidazole, fenretinide, filgrastim SDOl (Amgen), fulvestrant, galocitabine, gastrin 17 immunogen, HLA-B7 gene therapy (Vical), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, histamine dihydrochloride, ibritumomab tiuxetan, ilomastat, IM 862 (Cytran), interleukin-2, iproxifene, LDI 200 (Milkhaus), leridistim, lintuzumab, CA 125 MAb (Biomira), cancer MAb (Japan Pharmaceutical Development), HER-2 and Fc MAb (Medarex), idiotypic 105AD7 MAb (CRC Technology), idiotypic CEA MAb (Trilex), LYM-I -iodine 131 MAb (Techniclone), polymorphic epithelial mucin- yttrium 90 MAb (Antisoma), marimastat, menogaril, mitumomab, motexafin gadolinium, MX 6 (Galderma), nelarabine, nolatrexed, P 30 protein, pegvisomant, pemetrexed, porfiromycin, prinomastat, RL 0903 (Shire), rubitecan, satraplatin, sodium phenylacetate, sparfosic acid, SRL 172 (SR Pharma), SU 5416 (SUGEN), TA 077 (Tanabe), tetrathiomolybdate, thaliblastine, thrombopoietin, tin ethyl etiopurpurin, tirapazamine, cancer vaccine (Biomira), melanoma vaccine (New York University), melanoma vaccine (Sloan Kettering Institute), melanoma oncolysate vaccine (New York Medical College), viral melanoma cell lysates vaccine (Royal Newcastle Hospital), or valspodar.
Alternatively, the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with VEGFR inhibitors including: AMG 706 (motesanib diphosphate); N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridinylmethyl)- 1 -phthalazinamine; 4-[4-[[[[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]phenoxy]-N-methyl-2- pyridinecarboxamide; N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-5-[(5-fluoro-l,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2,4- dimethyl- lH-pyrrole-3-carboxamide; 3-[(4-bromo-2,6-difluorophenyl)methoxy]-5-[[[[4-(l- pyrrolidinyl)butyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]-4-isothiazolecarboxamide; N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(l-methyl-4-piperidinyl)methoxy]-4- quinazolinamine;
3-[5,6,7,13-tetrahydro-9-[(l-methylethoxy)methyl]-5-oxo-12H-indeno[2,l-a]pyrrolo[3,4- c]carbazol-l 2-yl]propyl ester N,N-dimethyl-glycine;
N-[5-[[[5-(l ,l-dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl]methyl]thio]-2-thiazolyl]-4-piperidinecarboxamide; N-[3-chloro-4-[(3-fluorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-6-[5-[[[2-
(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]amino]methyl]-2-furanyl]-4-quinazolinamine
4-[(4-Methyl-l-piperazinyl)methyl]-N-[4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]- phenyl]benzamide
N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy]-4-quinazolinamine
N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-quinazolinamine Ν-(3-((((2R)-l-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)oxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-((3-(l,3- oxazol-5-yl)phenyl)amino)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; 2-(((4-fluorophenyl)methyl)amino)-N-(3-((((2R)- 1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)rnethyl)oxy)-5-
(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; N-[3-(Azetidin-3-ylmethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl]-2-(4-fluoro-benzylamino)- nicotinamide. 6-fluoro-N-(4-( 1 -methylethyl)phenyl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3 -pyridinecarboxamide; 2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-N-(3-(((2S)-2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)oxy)-5-
(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; N-(3-(l,l-dimethylethyl)-lH-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3- pyridinecarboxamide; N-(3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-l-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3- pyridinecarboxamide;
N-(3-((((2S)-l-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)oxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-((4- pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; 2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-N-(3-((2-(l-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl)oxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-
3 -pyridinecarboxamide; N-(3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-6-yl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3- pyridinecarboxamide; N-(4-(pentafluoroethyl)-3-(((2S)-2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)oxy)phenyl)-2-((4- pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3-pyridinecarboxamide; N-(3-((3-azetidinylmethyl)oxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-((4-pyridinylmethyl)amino)-3- pyridinecarboxamide; N-(3-(4-piperidinyloxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-((2-(3-pyridinyl)ethyl)amino)-3- pyridinecarboxamide;
N-(4,4-dimethyl-l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-7-yl)-2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)-nicotinamide; 2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)-N-[3-(l-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylmethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl]- nicotinamide; N-[l-(2-dimethylamino-acetyl)-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-6-yl]-2-(lH-indazol-6- ylamino)-nicotinamide;
2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)-N-[3-(pyrrolidin-2-ylmethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl]- nicotinamide;
N-(l-acetyl-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-6-yl)-2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)-nicotinamide; N-(4,4-dimethyl-l-oxo-l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-7-yl)-2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)- nicotinamide; N-[4-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-piperidylpropyl)phenyl][2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)(3- pyridyl)]carboxamide;
N-[5-(tert-butyl)isoxazol-3-yl][2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)(3-pyridyl)]carboxamide; and N-[4-(tert-butyl)phenyl][2-(lH-indazol-6-ylamino)(3-pyridyl)]carboxamide.
Other compounds described in the following patents and patent applications can be used in combination therapy: US 6,258,812, US 2003/0105091, WO 01/37820, US 6,235,764, WO 01/32651, US 6,630,500, US 6,515,004, US 6,713,485, US 5,521,184, US 5,770,599, US 5,747,498, WO 02/68406, WO 02/66470, WO 02/55501, WO 04/05279, WO 04/07481, WO 04/07458, WO 04/09784, WO 02/59110, WO 99/45009, WO 00/59509, WO 99/61422, US 5,990,141, WO 00/12089 and WO 00/02871.
In some embodiments, the combination comprises a composition of the present invention in combination with at least one anti-angiogenic agent. Agents are inclusive of, but not limited to, in vitro synthetically prepared chemical compositions, antibodies, antigen binding regions, radionuclides, and combinations and conjugates thereof. An agent can be an agonist, antagonist, allosteric modulator, toxin or, more generally, may act to inhibit or stimulate its target (e.g., receptor or enzyme activation or inhibition), and thereby promote cell death or arrest cell growth.
Exemplary anti-tumor agents include HERCEPTIN™ (trastuzumab), which may be used to treat breast cancer and other forms of cancer, and RITUXAN™ (rituximab), ZEVALIN™ (ibritumomab tiuxetan), and LYMPHOCIDE™ (epratuzumab), which may be used to treat non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other forms of cancer, GLEEV AC™ which may be used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and BEXXAR™ (iodine 131 tositumomab) which may be used for treatment of non-Hodgkins's lymphoma. Exemplary anti-angiogenic agents include ERBITUX™ (IMC-C225), KDR (kinase domain receptor) inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies and antigen binding regions that specifically bind to the kinase domain receptor), anti-VEGF agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind VEGF, or soluble VEGF receptors or a ligand binding region thereof) such as AVASTIN™ or VEGF-TRAP™, and anti-VEGF receptor agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto), EGFR inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto) such as ABX-EGF (panitumumab), IRESSA™ (gefitinib), TARCEV A™ (erlotinib), anti-Angl and anti-Ang2 agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding thereto or to their receptors, e.g., Tie2/Tek), and anti-Tie2 kinase inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen • binding regions that specifically bind thereto). The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can also include one or more agents (e.g., antibodies, antigen binding regions, or soluble receptors) that specifically bind and inhibit the activity of growth factors, such as antagonists of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as Scatter Factor), and antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind its receptor "c-met".
Other anti-angiogenic agents include Campath, IL-8, B-FGF, Tek antagonists (Ceretti et al., US Publication No. 2003/0162712; US Patent No. 6,413,932), anti-TWEAK agents (e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions, or soluble TWEAK receptor antagonists; see, Wiley, US Patent No. 6,727,225), ADAM distintegrin domain to antagonize the binding of integrin to its ligands (Fanslow et al., US Publication No. 2002/0042368), specifically binding anti-eph receptor and/or anti-ephrin antibodies or antigen binding regions (US Patent Nos. 5,981,245; 5,728,813; 5,969,110; 6,596,852; 6,232,447; 6,057,124 and patent family members thereof), and anti-PDGF-BB antagonists (e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions) as well as antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding to PDGF-BB ligands, and PDGFR kinase inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto). Additional anti-angiogenic/anti-tumor agents include: SD-7784 (Pfizer, USA); cilengitide.(Merck KGaA, Germany, EPO 770622); pegaptanib octasodium, (Gilead Sciences, USA); Alphastatin, (Bio Acta, UK); M-PGA, (Celgene, USA, US 5712291); ilomastat, (Arriva, USA, US 5892112); emaxanib, (Pfizer, USA, US 5792783); vatalanib, (Novartis, Switzerland); 2-methoxyestradiol, (EntreMed, USA); TLC ELL- 12, (Elan, Ireland); anecortave acetate, (Alcon, USA); alpha-D148 Mab, (Amgen, USA); CEP-7055,(Cephalon, USA); anti- Vn Mab, (Crucell, Netherlands) DAC:antiangiogenic, (ConjuChem, Canada); Angiocidin, (InKine Pharmaceutical, USA); KM-2550, (Kyowa Hakko, Japan); SU-0879, (Pfizer, USA); CGP-79787, (Novartis, Switzerland, EP 970070); ARGENT technology, (Ariad, USA); YIGSR-Stealth, (Johnson & Johnson, USA); fibrinogen-E fragment, (BioActa, UK); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Trigen, UK); TBC-1635, (Encysive Pharmaceuticals, USA); SC-236, (Pfizer, USA); ABT-567, (Abbott, USA); Metastatin, (EntreMed, USA); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Tripep, Sweden); maspin, (Sosei, Japan); 2-methoxyestradiol, (Oncology Sciences Corporation, USA); ER-68203-00, (IVAX, USA); Benefin, (Lane Labs, USA); Tz-93, (Tsumura, Japan); TAN-1120, (Takeda, Japan); FR-111142, (Fujisawa, Japan, JP 02233610); platelet factor 4, (RepliGen, USA, EP 407122); vascular endothelial growth factor antagonist, (Borean, Denmark); cancer therapy, (University of South Carolina, USA); bevacizumab (pINN), (Genentech, USA); angiogenesis inhibitors, (SUGEN, USA); XL 784, (Exelixis, USA); XL 647, (Exelixis, USA); MAb, alpha5beta3 integrin, second generation, (Applied Molecular Evolution, USA and Medlmmune, USA); gene therapy, retinopathy, (Oxford
BioMedica, UK); enzastaurin hydrochloride (USAN), (Lilly, USA); CEP 7055, (Cephalon, USA and Sanofi-Synthelabo, France); BC 1, (Genoa Institute of Cancer Research, Italy); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Alchemia, Australia); VEGF antagonist, (Regeneron, USA); rBPI 21 and BPI-derived antiangiogenic, (XOMA, USA); PI 88, (Progen, Australia); cilengitide (pINN), (Merck KGaA, German; Munich Technical University, Germany, Scripps Clinic and
Research Foundation, USA); cetuximab (INN), (Aventis, France); AVE 8062, (Ajinomoto, Japan); AS 1404, (Cancer Research Laboratory, New Zealand); SG 292, (Telios, USA); Endostatin, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); ATN 161, (Attenuon, USA); ANGIOST ATIN, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); 2-methoxyestradiol, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); ZD 6474, (AstraZeneca, UK); ZD 6126, (Angiogene Pharmaceuticals, UK); PPI 2458, (Praecis,
USA); AZD 9935, (AstraZeneca, UK); AZD 2171, (AstraZeneca, UK); vatalanib (pINN), (Novartis, Switzerland and Schering AG, Germany); tissue factor pathway inhibitors, (EntreMed, USA); pegaptanib (Pinn), (Gilead Sciences, USA); xanthorrhizol, (Yonsei University, South Korea); vaccine, gene-based, VEGF-2, (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, USA); SPV5.2, (Supratek, Canada); SDX 103, (University of California at San Diego, USA); PX 478, (ProlX, USA); METASTATIN, (EntreMed, USA); troponin I, (Harvard University, USA); SU 6668, (SUGEN, USA); OXI 4503, (OXiGENE, USA); o-guanidines, ( Dimensional Pharmaceuticals, USA); motuporamine C, (British Columbia University, Canada); CDP 791 , (Celltech Group, UK); atiprimod (pINN), (GlaxoSmithKline, UK); E 7820, (Eisai, Japan); CYC 381, (Harvard University, USA); AE 941, (Aeterna, Canada); vaccine, angiogenesis, (EntreMed, USA); urokinase plasminogen activator inhibitor, (Dendreon, USA); oglufanide (pINN), (Melmotte, USA); HIF-lalfa inhibitors, (Xenova, UK); CEP 5214, (Cephalon, USA); BAY RES 2622, (Bayer, Germany); Angiocidin, (InKine, USA); A6, (Angstrom, USA); KR 31372, (Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, South Korea); GW 2286, (GlaxoSmithKline, UK); EHT 0101, (ExonHit, France); CP 868596, (Pfizer, USA); CP 564959, (OSI, USA); CP 547632, (Pfizer, USA); 786034, (GlaxoSmithKline, UK); KRN 633, (Kirin Brewery, Japan); drug delivery system, intraocular, 2-methoxyestradiol, (EntreMed, USA); anginex, (Maastricht University, Netherlands, and Minnesota University, USA); ABT 510, (Abbott, USA); AAL 993, (Novartis, Switzerland); VEGI, (ProteomTech, USA); tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, (National Institute on Aging, USA); SU 11248, (Pfizer, USA and SUGEN USA); ABT 518, (Abbott, USA); YHl 6, (Yantai Rongchang, China); S-3APG , (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA and EntreMed, USA); MAb, KDR, (ImClone Systems, USA); MAb, alpha5 betal, (Protein Design, USA); KDR kinase inhibitor, (Celltech Group, UK, and Johnson & Johnson, USA); GFB 116, (South
Florida University, USA and Yale University, USA); CS 706, (Sankyo, Japan); combretastatin A4 prodrug, (Arizona State University, USA); chondroitinase AC, (IBEX, Canada); BAY RES 2690, (Bayer, Germany); AGM 1470, (Harvard University, USA, Takeda, Japan, and TAP, USA); AG 13925, (Agouron, USA); Tetrathiomolybdate, (University of Michigan, USA); GCS 100, (Wayne State University, USA) CV 247, (Ivy Medical, UK); CKD 732, (Chong Kun
Dang, South Korea); MAb, vascular endothelium growth factor, (Xenova, UK); irsogladine (INN), (Nippon Shinyaku, Japan); RG 13577, (Aventis, France); WX 360, (Wilex, Germany); squalamine (pINN), (Genaera, USA); RPI 4610, (Sirna, USA); cancer therapy, (Marino va, Australia); heparanase inhibitors, (InSight, Israel); KL 3106, (Kolon, South Korea); Honokiol, (Emory University, USA); ZK CDK, (Schering AG, Germany); ZK Angio, (Schering AG,
Germany); ZK 229561, (Novartis, Switzerland, and Schering AG, Germany); XMP 300, (XOMA, USA); VGA 1 102, (Taisho, Japan); VEGF receptor modulators, (Pharmacopeia, USA); VE-cadherin-2 antagonists , (ImClone Systems, USA); Vasostatin, (National Institutes of Health, USA);vaccine, FIk-I, (ImClone Systems, USA); TZ 93, (Tsumura, Japan); TumStatin, (Beth Israel Hospital, USA); truncated soluble FLT 1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1), (Merck & Co, USA); Tie-2 ligands, (Regeneron, USA); and, thrombospondin 1 inhibitor, (Allegheny Health, Education and Research Foundation, USA).
Alternatively, the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with other anti- neoplastic agents, such as VEGF antagonists, other kinase inhibitors including p38 inhibitors, KDR inhibitors, EGF inhibitors and CDK inhibitors, TNF inhibitors, metallomatrix proteases inhibitors (MMP), COX-2 inhibitors including celecoxib, NSAID's, or αvβ3 inhibitors.
The present invention comprises processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII. Also included in the family of compounds of the current are the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof. The term "pharmaceutically-acceptable salts" embraces salts commonly used to form alkali metal salts and to form addition salts of free acids or free bases. The nature of the salt is not critical, provided that it is pharmaceutically acceptable. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of the current invention may be prepared from an inorganic acid or from an organic acid. Examples of such inorganic acids are hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, nitric, carbonic, sulfuric and phosphoric acid. Appropriate organic acids may be selected from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic, heterocyclic, carboxylic and sulfonic classes of organic acids, example of which are formic, acetic, adipic, butyric, propionic, succinic, glycolic, gluconic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, glucuronic, maleic, fumaric, pyruvic, aspartic, glutamic, benzoic, anthranilic, mesylic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, phenylacetic, mandelic, embonic (pamoic), methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, ethanedisulfonic, benzenesulfonic, pantothenic, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, sulfanilic, cyclohexylaminosulfonic, camphoric, camphorsulfonic, digluconic, cyclopentanepropionic, dodecylsulfonic, glucoheptanoic, glycerophosphonic, heptanoic, hexanoic, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonic, nicotinic, 2-naphthalenesulfonic, oxalic, palmoic, pectinic, persulfuric, 2-phenylpropionic, picric, pivalic propionic, succinic, tartaric, thiocyanic, mesylic, undecanoic, stearic, algenic, β-hydroxybutyric, salicylic, galactaric and galacturonic acid. Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable base addition salts of compounds of the current invention include metallic salts, such as salts made from aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc, or salts made from organic bases including primary, secondary and tertiary amines, substituted amines including cyclic amines, such as caffeine, arginine, diethylamine, N-ethyl piperidine, aistidine, glucamine, isopropylamine, lysine, morpholine, N-ethyl morpholine, piperazine, piperidine, triethylamine, trimethylamine. All of these salts may be prepared by conventional means from the corresponding compound of the invention by reacting, for example, the appropriate acid or base with the compound of the current invention. When a basic group and an acid group are present in the same molecule, a compound of the current invention may also form internal salts.
GENERAL SYNTHETIC PROCEDURES
The compounds of the invention can be synthesized according to the general procedures described in WO 08/008539 (the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference) as well as those illustrated in the example compounds described below.
The following abbreviations are used throughout the specification:
HOAc acetic acid MeCN5 CH3CN acetonitrile
NH3 ammonia
NH4Cl ammonium chloride
Ar argon
HBTA O-benzotriazol- 1 -yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
HATlJ O-(7-azabenzotriazol- 1 -yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
PyBop benzotriazol- 1 -yl-oxy-tripyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate Pd2(dba)3 bis(dibenzylideneacetone) palladium
BINAP 2,2 ' -bis(diphenylphosphino)- 1,1 ' -binaphthyl TEAC bis(tetra-ethylammonium)carbonate BBr3 boron tribromide BSA bovine serum albumin Br2 bromine BOC butyloxycarbonyl Cs2CO3 cesium carbonate CHCl3 chloroform CDCl3 chloroform deuterated Cu copper
CuI copper(I) iodide Et2O diethyl ether DBU l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DIBAL diisobutylaluminum hydride DIAD diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
DIEA diisopropylethylamine
DMF dimethyl formamide
DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine
DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
EDC, EDCI 1 -(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride dppa diphenylphosphoryl azide
EtOAc ethyl acetate
FBS fetal bovine serum g gram h hour
HBr hydrobromic acid
HCl hydrochloric acid
HOBt 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate
H2 hydrogen
H2O2 hydrogen peroxide
Fe iron
LiHMDS lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)-amide
LDA Lithium diisopropylamide
MCPBA metα-chloroperbenzoic acid
MgSO4 magnesium sulfate
MeOH, CH3OH - methanol
MeI methyl iodide
CH2Cl2, DCM methylene chloride
NMP N-methylpyrrolidinone
ML, ml milliliter
N2 nitrogen
Pd/C palladium on carbon
Pd(OAc)2 palladium acetate
Pd(OH)2 palladium hydroxide
Pd(PPh3)4 palladium tetrakis triphenylphosphine
Pd(dppf)Cl2 l,l-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene palladium chloride
PBS phosphate buffered saline
POCl3 phosphorous oxychloride K2CO3 potassium carbonate
KOH potassium hydroxide
RT room temperature
NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate
NaBH4 sodium borohydride
NaBH3CN sodium cyanoborohydride
NaOtBu sodium tert-butoxide
NaOH sodium hydroxide
NaClO2 sodium chlorite
NaCl sodium chloride
NaHPO4 sodium biphospate
NaH sodium hydride
NaI sodium iodide
Na2SO4 sodium sulfate
TBTU O-benzotriazol- 1 -yl-N,N,N ' ,N' -tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate
THF tetrahydrofuran
Et3N, TEA triethylamine TFA trifluoroacetic acid P(t-bu)3 tri(tert-butyl)phosphine H2O water
General Method A
Figure imgf000053_0001
DEAD, TMSN3 Pd catalysis
Figure imgf000053_0002
Figure imgf000053_0003
General Method B
Figure imgf000053_0004
General Method C
Figure imgf000053_0005
General Method D
Figure imgf000054_0001
Figure imgf000054_0002
General Method E
Figure imgf000054_0003
Examples 1-343
(Intentionally Left Blank)
Figure imgf000054_0004
Figure imgf000055_0001
Figure imgf000056_0001
Figure imgf000057_0001
Figure imgf000058_0001
Figure imgf000059_0001
Figure imgf000060_0001
Figure imgf000061_0001
Figure imgf000062_0001
Figure imgf000063_0001
Figure imgf000064_0001
Figure imgf000065_0001
Figure imgf000066_0002
Figure imgf000066_0001
Example 403
(R)-N-((6-( 3.5-difluorophenylV [ 1.2.41 triazolo f 4,3-bl pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-7-(pyrrolidin- Z-ylmethoxyVl.S-naphthyridin^-amine
a) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((8-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyτidazin-3- yl)methylamino)-l,5-naphthyridin-3-yloxy)methyl)pyrrolidine-l-carboxylate was prepared according to method D.
b) (R)-N-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-7-(pyπOlidin-2- ylmethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine. The title compound was prepared from (R)-tert-butyl 2-((8-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylamino)-l,5- naphthyridin-3-yloxy)methyl)pyrrolidine-l-carboxylate following the procedure used to make 7-methoxy-4-((6-(6-(piperazin-l -yl)pyridin-3-yl)-[ 1 ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methoxy)quinoline. m/z: 489 (M+H). Calc'd. for C25H22F2N8O - 488.
Figure imgf000067_0001
Example 404
(S)-N-((6-(3,5-difluorophenvn- H ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3-vnmethyl)-7-(pyrrolidin- 2-ylmethoxy')-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine
The title compound was prepared in the same manner as (R)-N-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-7-(pyrrolidin-2-ylmethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridin-4- amine, m/z: 489 (M+H). Calc'd. for C25H22F2N8O - 488.
Figure imgf000067_0002
Example 405
7-methoxy-7V-((6-(2-morpholinothiazol-4-yl)- [1,2,41 triazolo [4,3-frl pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-
1 ,5-naphthyridin-4-amine
1) 4-(4-bromothiazol-2-yl)morpholine
Figure imgf000067_0003
To a microwave vial was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.86 ml, 4.9 mmol), 2,4- dibromothiazole (1.00 g, 4.1 mmol), and morpholine (0.43 ml, 4.9 mmol) in EtOH (4 mL). The mixture was heated under microwave irradiation at 140 °C for 35 minutes. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in minimal DCM/MeOH and purified via MPLC (eluting with 0-30% EtOAc in hexnaes) to yield 4-(4- bromothiazol-2-yl)morpholine (0.700 g, 68% yield) as a white solid.
2) 4-(4-(trimethylstannyl)thiazol-2-v0morpholine
Figure imgf000068_0001
Prepared in a method similar to 3-methyl-5-trimethylstannyl)isothiazole.
3) Bis-tert-butyl(6-chloro-|'l,2,4]triazolo['4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl')methylcarbamate
Figure imgf000068_0002
Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (24.42 g, 111.9 mmol) was added to a stirred suspension of tert-butyl (6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (10.58 g, 37.3 mmol) in acetonitrile (200 mL) at O0C followed by 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4.556 g, 37.3 mmol). Stirring was continued at O0C for -10 min then the cooling bath was removed and stirring was continued at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification via MPLC (EtOAc/MeOH: 100/0 to 90/10) afforded the title compound (14.3g, 37.3 mmol, 100% yield).
4") (6-(2-morpholinothiazol-4-yl)-[l ,2,41triazolo[4,3-blpyridazin-3-yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate
Figure imgf000068_0003
To a pressure vessel purged with argon was added palladium (II) acetate (0.0029 g, 0.013 mmol), Xantphos (0.015 g, 0.026 mmol) and bis-tert-butyl(6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- 6]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (0.100 g, 0.26 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.17 M, 1.5 mL). 4- (4-(trimethylstannyl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (0.13 g, 0.39 mmol) and degassed water (0.0094 ml, 0.52 mmol) were added, once more purging the flask with argon. The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 4h until complete consumption of the starting material. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in minimal EtOAc and purified via MPLC (eluting with 100% EtOAc). (6-(2-morpholinothiazol-4-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate (0.086 g, 64% yield) was obtained as a solid. The material was carried forward without further purification.
5) 7-methoxy-N-((6-(2-moφholinothiazol-4-yl)-[l,2,41triazolor4,3-61pyrida2in-3-yl')methyl)- 1 ,5-naphthyridin-4-amine
Figure imgf000069_0001
To a microwave vial was added (6-(2-morpholinothiazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin- 3-yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate (0.086 g, 0.17 mmol) and 8-chloro-3-methoxy-l,5- naphthyridine (0.036 g, 0.18 mmol) in 2-butanol (1.0 mL). The vial was sealed and heated under microwave irradiation at 120 °C for 6 h. The reaction was concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in 2M ammonia in methanol and purified via MPLC (eluting with 0-10% 1% NH4OH/ in DCM). 7-methoxy-N-((6-(2-morpholinothiazol-4-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine (0.031 g, 39% yield) was obtained as a yellow solid, m/z: 476.0 (M+H). Calc'd. for C22H2]N9O2S - 475.53.
The following example compounds 406 and 407 were prepared using the method to make 7- methoxy-N-((6-(2-morpholinothiazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-l ,5- naphthyridin-4-amine:
Figure imgf000069_0002
Figure imgf000070_0001
The following example compounds 408-428 were prepared using steps 1 and 2 of Method A. Where applicable, enantiomer was obtained via SFC:
Figure imgf000070_0002
Figure imgf000071_0001
Figure imgf000072_0001
Figure imgf000073_0001
Figure imgf000074_0002
Figure imgf000074_0001
l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hvdrazine
5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (0.069 ml, 0.67 mmol), X-Phos (0.045 g, 0.094 mmol) and palladium (II) acetate (0.01 1 g, 0.047 mmol) were combined in 1,4-dioxane (0.2 M, 3.4 mL). To the reaction vessel was added 3-methyl-5-(trimethylstannyl)isothiazole (0.53 g, 2.0 mmol) and, after purging with argon, the reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 2h and then concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in minimal DCM and purified via MPLC (eluting first with 100% EtOAc followed by 20% EtOAc in hexanes -isocratic) to yield 2,3-difluoro-5- (3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridine (0.139 g, 98% yield) as a yellow solid. 2,3-difluoro-5-(3- methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridine was converted to the title compound using a procedure similar to 1 -(4-methyl-6-phenylpyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine.
Figure imgf000075_0001
l-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-vI)hvdrazine
A mixture of palladium (II) acetate (0.0375 g, 0.167 mmol), potassium phosphate (2.13 g, 10.0 mmol), 3,5-difluorophenylboronic acid (1.58 g, 10.0 mmol), X-Phos (0.159 g, 0.334 mmol) and 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (0.347 ml, 3.34 mmol) was diluted with 1,4-dioxane (0.1 M, 33.4 niL) and water (0.3M, 11.0 mL) and was heated under nitrogen at 100 0C for 45 minutes. The reaction was concentrated in vacuo. The concentrated material was triturated with water, filtered and rinsed with MeCN. The crude solid was taken up in dichloromethane and filtered over a plug of Celite to eliminate residual palladium. The material was dissolved in minimal DCM, and purified via MPLC (eluting with 0-10% EtOAc in hexanes) to yield 5-(3,5- difluorophenyl)-2,3-difluoropyridine. The material was converted to the hydrazine in a method similar to that in the synthesis of (5)-6-(l -(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-α]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline.
The following compounds were prepared using a similar method as l-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)- 3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine:
1 ) 1 -(3 -fluoro-5 -( 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazin
The following compounds were prepared using a similar method (using either the trimethyl- or tributyl- stannnane) as l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine:
l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine; and l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-trifluoromethylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine.
Figure imgf000076_0001
2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)propanoie acid hydrochloride
Tert-butyl 2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)propanoate (0.865 g, 3.01 mmol) was dissolved in EtOAc (0.2M, 15 mL), and HCl (g) (0.0915 ml, 3.01 mmol) was bubbled through the solution for approximately 5 minutes. The reaction vessel was sealed and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1.5h until completion. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (0.805 g, 99.9% yield) as an orange solid.
Figure imgf000076_0002
2-fluoro-2-(q uinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid
To a solution of methyl 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoate (0.868 g, 4.03 mmol) in THF (1.1M, 3.7 mL) at -78 °C was added LiHMDS (IM in THF) (5.24 ml, 5.24 mmol). The reaction was stirred at -78 °C for -15 minutes, then to it was added a solution of N- fluorobenzenesulfonimide (1.40 g, 4.44 mmol) in THF(1.0M, 4.5 mL). The reaction was allowed to warm to -10 °C over 2h. The reaction was filtered through a plug of Celite, washed with EtOAc and the filtrate was then concentrated in vacuo. The concentrated material was rediluted with EtOAc and washed with saturated NH4Cl solution. The aqueous layer was then extracted with EtOAc, and the organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in minimal DCM and purified via MPLC (eluting with isocratic 40% EtOAc:Hexanes to yield methyl 2-fluoro-2-(quinolin-6- yl)propanoate (0.709 g, 75.4% yield) as a yellow oil.
To synthesize the corresponding acid, methyl 2-fluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoate was saponified in a method similar to that of 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid.
Figure imgf000076_0003
2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-vDaeetic acid hydrochloride tert-Butyl 2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate was saponified in a method similar to 2-(3- methoxyquinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000077_0001
(6-(2-methoxythiazol-4-yl)-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-^lpyridazin-3-yl)methanamine
The di-tert-butyl carbonate precursor ((6-(2-methoxy-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate) was synthesized in a method similar to (6-(2- morpholinothiazol-4-yl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl di-tert-butyl carbamate, using 2-methoxy-4-(tributylstannyl)thiazole as the organostannane, followed by TFA deprotection similar to the method described for (6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methanamine.
Figure imgf000077_0002
Example 429
4-((8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)- [1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-αl pyridin-3-vT)methoxy)-7-(2- methoxyethoxy)q uinoline
1 ) 2-(7-hydroxyquinolin-4-yloxy)acetic acid hydrobromide
Figure imgf000077_0003
To a pressure vial was added 2-(7-methoxyquinolin-4-yloxy)acetic acid (1.00 g, 4.29 mmol) in DCE (0.6 M, 7 mL). The vial was cooled in an ice bath and to the solution was added BBr3 (1.62 ml, 17.2 mmol). The reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. While some starting material remained, the reaction was stopped and diluted with DCM (keep in hood due to fuming). The solids were filtered and dried over high vacuum to yield a light brown crude solid (~1.8g). The material was used without further purification. 2) 4-((8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinolin- 7-ol
Figure imgf000078_0001
The material was prepared using general method A (with 2-(7-hydroxyquinolin-4-yloxy)acetic acid hydrobromide and l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine
3) 4-((8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-7-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinoline
Figure imgf000078_0002
4-((8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinolin-7- ol (0.110 g, 0.28 mmol), PPh3 (polymer supported: 2.3 mmol/g) (1.2 g, 2.8 mmol) and 2- methoxyethanol (0.1 1 ml, 1.3 mmol) were combined in DCM (11 ml, 0.28 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0 °C, and DEAD (0.089 ml, 0.56 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction was removed from the ice bath, and stirred at RT for Ih. The material was diluted with DCM, and the PS-PPh3 was filtered off and washed thoroughly with DCM. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in minimal DCM and purified via MPLC (eluting with 0-100% 90:10:1 DCM:MeOH:NH4OH in DCM) to yield 4-((8-fluoro- 6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)-7-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinoline (0.070 g, 55% yield) as a white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 450.0 (M+H). Calc'd Exact Mass for C23H20FN5O4: 449.44
Figure imgf000079_0001
tert-Butyl (6-(3-hvdroxy-4-methylpent-l-ynyl)-fl,2,41triazolo[4,3-blpyridazin-3- vDmethylcarbamate
In a 15-mL sealed tube flushed with nitrogen, tert-butyl (6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (2.00 g, 7.0 mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (0.58 g, 0.70 mmol), and copper (I) iodide (0.34 g, 1.8 mmol) were diluted in MeCN (70 mL). To the reaction mixture was first added 4-methylpent-l-yn-3-ol (3.7 ml, 35 mmol), followed by triethylamine (25 ml, 176 mmol). The reaction was then heated at 50 °C for 7.5 h. The crude material was dissolved in minimal DCM and purified via MPLC (twice)(eluting with 0-10% MeOH/NH4OH:DCM) to yield tert-butyl (6-(3-hydroxy-4-methylpent-l-ynyl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (1.823 g, 75% yield) as a light brown solid.
Figure imgf000079_0002
tert-Butyl (6-(4-methyl-3-oxopent- 1-ynvD- [ 1.2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3- vDmethylcarbamate tert-Butyl (6-(3-hydroxy-4-methylpent-l-ynyl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylcarbamate (1.82 g, 5.27 mmol) and manganese dioxide (activated) (9.16 g, 105 mmol) were dissolved in DCM (263 mL) and stirred at room temperature over two days. Additional manganese dioxide (activated) (4.58 g, 52.7 mmol) was added and stirring continued overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered over a plug of Celite and washed with DCM to yield tert-butyl (6-(4-methyl-3-oxopent-l-ynyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylcarbamate (0.917 g, 50.7% yield) after concentration in vacuo.
Figure imgf000080_0001
tert-Butyl (6-(3-isopropyIisothiazol-5-vD- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-b] pyridazin-3- vDmethylcarbamate
An aqueous mixture of tert-butyl (6-(4-methyl-3-oxopent-l-ynyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (0.800 g, 2.33 mmol) and hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (0.263 g, 2.33 mol) in water (8.0 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (8.0 mL) was stirred at 0 °C until complete consumption of the organic starting material was observed. The mixture was then carefully treated with solid sodium bicarbonate (0.196 g, 2.33 mmol), followed by treatment with 1.4 M aqueous sodium hydrosulfide (1.83 ml, 2.56 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with DCM (40 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The concentrated crude material was dissolved in minimal DCM and was purified via MPLC (eluting with 0-10% MeOH/NH4OH in DCM) to yield tert-butyl (6-(3-isopropylisothiazol-5- yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (0.196 g, 22.5% yield) with 82% purity. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 433.0 (M+H). Calc'd Exact Mass for C2IH20N8OS: 432.51.
Figure imgf000080_0002
Example 430 l-(6-PhenvIimidazo[l,2-blpyridazin-3-yl)-l-(quinolin-6-vI)ethanol
a^ N-methoxy-N-methylquinoline-ό-carboxamide
A 250 mL RB flask was charged with quinoline-6-carboxylic acid (5.00 g, 28.9 mmol), DCM (100 ml, 1554 mmol), oxalyl chloride (3.79 ml, 43.3 mmol), and a few drops of DMF and stirred at RT for 2 hours, then concentrated. The residue was taken up in DCM (100 ml, 1554 mmol), cooled to 0°C, then Hunig's Base (17.7 ml, 101 mmol) and N-methoxymethanamine hydrochloride (2.96 g, 30.3 mmol) were added slowly. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours (91463-3-1). The mixture was diluted with DCM (200 mL), then washed with water (250 mL), sat. NaHCO3 (250 mL), and brine (250 mL). The organic layer was dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to give a brown oil, which was purified by MPLC eluting with 2-6% MeOH/DCM to give N-methoxy-N-methylquinoline-6-carboxamide (5.943 g, 95.2% yield) as a brown oil.
b) 1 -(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone
A 250 mL RB flask was charged with N-methoxy-N-methylquinoline-6-carboxamide (5.943 g, 27.5 mmol) and THF (100 ml, 1220 mmol), then cooled to 0 C. Methylmagnesium bromide (18.3 ml, 55.0 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 3 hours. The reaction was not quite complete, so additional MeMgBr (3 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred overnight. The mixture was then neutralized using 2N HCl and the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM (200 mL x 2) and EtOAc (200 mL x 2). The organic layer was dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to give a yellow oil. The aqueous layer contained some product, so the layer was concentrated and then filtered thru a reverse phase Ci8 column, first eluting with water than with MeOH. The MeOH layer was concentrated to give a yellow oil which was combined with the yellow oil from the organic layer. The combined portions were purified by MPLC eluting with a gradient of 2-6% MeOH/DCM. l-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone (4.074 g, 86.6% yield) was isolated as a yellow oil which solidified upon standing.
c) 2-bromo-l-(quinolin-6-yDethanone hydrobromide
A 250 mL RB flask was charged with 1 -(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone (3.82 g, 22.3 mmol) and 30% HBr/AcOH (45.0 ml). Bromine (1.14 ml, 22.1 mmol) was added slowly. This was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, at which point full conversion to product (with a small amount of dibrominated side product) was observed. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with Et2O to give 2-bromo-l-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone hydrobromide (5.6359 g, 76.3% yield). The compound was used in the next step without further purification.
d) (EVN'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-KN-dimethylformamidine
A 500 mL RB flask was charged with 6-chloropyridazin-3 -amine (10.0 g, 77.2 mmol) and dimethoxy-N,N-dimethylmethanamine (206 ml, 1544 mmol), equipped with a reflux condenser, then heated to 110°C for 3 hours then left at room temperature for 16 hours. The precipitate was collected by filtration. The mother liqour was concentrated down to give an yellow solid, which was triturated with EtOAc and collected. The solids were combined to give (E)-N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-N,N-dimethylformamidine (11.81 g, 82.9% yield) as a white solid
e) (ό-ChloroimidazoF 1 ,2-blpyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone
A 100 mL RB flask was charged with 2-bromo-l-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone (0.701 1 g, 2.80 mmol), (E)-N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-N,N-dimethylformamidine (0.518 g, 2.80 mmol), and DMF (10.0 ml, 129 mmol), equipped with a reflux condenser, then heated at 105°C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, then triturated with MeOH to yield (6- chloroimidazo[l ,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone (0.530 g, 1.72 mmol, 61 %) as a brown solid. .
f) (6-Phenylimidazo[l ,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-v0methanone
• A 48 mL sealed tube was charged with (6-chloroimidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6- yl)methanone (0.530 g, 1.72 mmol), phenylboronic acid (0.314 g, 2.58 mmol), cesium carbonate (1.68 g, 5.15 mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (0.0701 g, 0.0858 mmol), 1,4- dioxane (6.31 ml, 73.8 mmol), and water (1.11 ml, 61.8 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed, then placed in an 80°C oil bath for 8 hours. The mixture was concentrated then triturated with water, followed by MeOH/DCM to give (6-phenylimidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6- yl)methanone as a reddish brown solid.
g) 1 -(6-Phenylimidazor 1.2-b]pyridazin-3-v0-l -(quinolin-6-yl)ethanol
A 25 mL RB flask was charged with (6-phenylimidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6- yl)methanone (0.200 g, 0.57 mmol) and THF (2.00 ml, 24 mmol), then cooled to 0°C. methylmagnesium bromide (0.76 ml, 2.2 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. This was diluted with 2 N HCl (1 mL) and water (25 mL), then extracted with DCM (25 mL x 2) and EtOAc (25 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine and dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated. The resulting oil was purified by MPLC using a 40 g RediSep column, eluting with 2-6% MeOH/DCM over 40 minutes. l-(6-phenylimidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)-l-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanol (0.082 g, 39% yield) was isolated as a tan solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 367 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C23H18N4O: 366.
Figure imgf000083_0001
Example 431 6-((6-Phenylimidazo[ 1 ,2-bl pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline
A 10-20 mL microwave vial was charged with hydrazine hydrate (0.0312 ml, 0.642 mmol), (6- phenylimidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone (0.150 g, 0.428 mmol), KOH (0.0961 g, 1.71 mmol), and diethylene glycol (4.09 ml, 42.8 mmol), sealed, then placed in a Personal Chemistry microwave at 13O0C for 20 minutes after a 5 minute pre-stir. The mixture was diluted with water (75 mL), then extracted with DCM (2 x 75 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (75 mL), then dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to give a brown solid, then purified by prep HPLC to give the product as the formic acid salt. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 337 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C22Hi6N4: 336.
Figure imgf000083_0002
Example 432 6-((6-(3-Methylisoxazol-5-yl)imidazo [ 1 ,2-b] pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline
A 16 mm test tube was charged with hydrazine hydrate (0.0273 ml, 0.563 mmol), (6-(3- methylisoxazol-5-yl)imidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone (prepared using a similar procedure as (6-phenylimidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone ) (0.100 g, 0.281 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (0.0406 g, 0.422 mmol), and 1-butanol (0.670 ml, 7.32 mmol), sealed, then heated to 1500C for 2 hours (96979-1-1). The mixture was diluted with water, neutralized with 2 N HCl, then extracted with DCM (3 x 30 mL). The combined organics were dried with MgSO4, filtered, then concentrated. 6-((6-(3-methylisoxazol-5- yl)imidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline was purified by prep HPLC and isolated as the TFA salt. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 341 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C20Hi5N5O: 341.
Figure imgf000084_0001
Example 433 6-(difluoro(6-(3-methylisoxazoI-5-yl)imidazo[l,2-blpyrida2in-3-vninethyl)quinoline
A 25 mm test tube was charged with 2,2-difluoro-l,3-dimethylimidazolidine (DFI) (0.24 g, 1.8 mmol), (6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)imidazo[ 1 ,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)(quinolin-6-yl)methanone (0.125 g, 0.35 mmol), and MeCN (2.00 ml, 38 mmol), sealed, then heated at 84°C for 36 hours, adding additional 2,2-difluoro-l,3-dimethylimidazolidine (DFI) (0.24 g, 1.8 mmol) after 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with water (50 mL), then extracted with DCM (2 x 40 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (40 mL), dried with MgSO4, filtered, then concentrated to give a brown residue. This was purified by MPLC using a 40 g RediSep column, eluting with 20 - 50% (90:10:1 DCM:MeOH:NH4OH mixture) in EtOAc over 40 minutes. The purest fractions were collected — these still contained DFI, so the residue was triturated with EtOAc and decanted. 6-(difluoro(6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)imidazo[l,2- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline was isolated as a light yellow solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 378 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C20Hi3F2N5O: 377.
Figure imgf000084_0002
Example 434
7-(difluoromethoxy)-4-((6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vπ-H.,2,41triazolo[4,3-a1pyridin-3- yl)methoxy)quinoline
Figure imgf000085_0001
l) 4-((6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinolin-7-ol hydrobromide.
A 150 mL tube was charged with 7-methoxy-4-((6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinoline (1.44 g, 3.72 mmol) and HBr (30.3 ml, 558 mmol), sealed, then placed in a 120°C for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was slowly neutralized with 6N
NaOH until a precipitate crashed out of solution (pH ~5)~the solid was collected to give 4-((6-
(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinolin-7-ol hydrobromide.
2) 7-(difluoromethoxy)-4-((6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3- yl)methoxy)quinoline.
A 48 mL tube was charged with sodium 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroacetate (0.15 g, 1.0 mmol), 4-((6- (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinolin-7-ol hydrobromide (0.200 g, 0.44 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.43 g, 1.3 mmol), and DMF (1.7 ml, 22 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed, then placed in a 100°C oil bath for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, then diluted with DCM and chloroform. This was washed with water, sat. NaHCO3, and brine, then dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to give a brown oil. This was purified by HPLC to give 7-(difluoromethoxy)-4-((6-(3-methylisoxazol- 5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)quinoline (0.025 g, 13% yield) as the formic acid salt. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 424 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C2]Hi5F2N5O3: 423.
Figure imgf000085_0002
Example 435 N-«6-(l H-indazol-6-yl)- [ 1.2.41 triazolo 14.3-bl pyridazin-3-yl)methvn-7-methoxy- 1 ,5- naphthyridin-4-amine
a) 6-(3-((7-Methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-ylamino)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6- yl)-lH-indazole-l-carboxylate. A tube was charged with N-((6-chloro-[l, 2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine (0.250 g, 0.732 mmol), tert- butyl 6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-indazole-l-carboxylate (0.378 g, 1.10 mmol), PdC12(dppf)-CH2C12Adduct (0.0597 g, 0.0732 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.303 g, 2.19 mmol), DMF (5.01 ml, 64.4 mmol), and water (1.16 ml, 64.4 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed, then placed in a 60°C oil bath for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, then triturated with water to give a black solid. The material was used directly in the next step.
b) N-((6-(lH-indazol-6-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-7-methoxy-l,5- naphthyridin-4-amine. The title compound was prepared in the same manner as 7-methoxy-4- ((6-(6-(piperazin-l-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methoxy)quinoline MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 424 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C22H17N9O: 423.
4-bromo-l-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-lH-pyrazoIe A 250 mL RB flask was charged with 4-bromo-lH-pyrazole (2.00 g, 13.6 mmol), 2,2,2- trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.35 ml, 17.0 mmol), cesium carbonate (8.87 g, 27.2 mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (40.0 ml, 468 mmol), capped, and stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solid washed with dioxane; the filtrate was then concentrated to give 4-bromo-l-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-lH-pyrazole (2.402 g, 77.1% yield) as a crude oil.
4-(4.4.5.5-tetramethyl-1.3.2-dioxaborolan-2-vπ-l-(2.2t2-trifluoroethvn-lH-pyrazole.
The title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo-l-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-lH-pyrazole.
Figure imgf000087_0001
Example 436
7-methoxy-N-((6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)imidazo[1.2-blpyrida2in-3-yl)methyl)-l,5- naphthyridin-4-amine.
The title compound was prepared in the same manner as 7-Methoxy-N-((6-(3,4,5- trifluorophenyi)imidazo[l,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 404 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C20Hi7N7OS: 403.
Figure imgf000087_0002
(5-(3-(aminomethyl)-[L2,4]triazolor4,3-blpyridazin-6-vπisothiazol-3-vπmethanol.
Figure imgf000087_0003
1) 5-bromo-3-(dibromomethyl) isothiazole. 5-Bromo-3-methylisothiazole (2.15 g, 12 mmol) was dissolved in dichloroethane (20 mL) then added N-bromosuccinimide (4.5 g, 25 mmol) and AIBN (0.50 g, 3.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 100 0C for 4 hours. Additional AIBN (0.50 g, 3.0 mmol) and bromine (0.062 ml, 1.2 mmol) were added to the mixture and continued heating at 100 °C for 4 hours. N-bromosuccinimide (4.5 g, 25 mmol) and AIBN (0.50 g, 3.0 mmol) were added then continued heating at 100 °C for 4 hours. Again, N-bromosuccinimide (4.5 g, 25 mmol) and AIBN (0.30 g, 1.8 mmol) were added and the mixture was heated at 100 0C for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water, saturated sodium bicarbonate and brine. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The sample was purified by flash chromatography eluting with 0-10% ethyl acetate/hexane to afford 5-bromo-3- (dibromomethyl)isothiazole (2.07 g, 51% yield) as a colorless liquid.
Figure imgf000088_0001
2) S-bromoisothiazole-S-carbaldehyde. 5-Bromo-3-(dibromomethyl)isothiazole (1.00 g, 3.0 mmol) was dissolved in DME (10 mL) then added a solution of silver nitrate (0.56 g, 3.3 mmol) in water (1.6 mL). A white precipitate formed. The reaction mixture was heated at 100 °C for 1.5 hours. Additional silver nitrate (0.56 g, 3.3 mmol) in water (1.6 mL) was added and heating was continued at 100 °C for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite washing with THF then ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum and the remaining oil was diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water then dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to afford 5-bromoisothiazole-3- carbaldehyde (0.536 g, 94% yield) as alight yellow oil.
Figure imgf000088_0002
3)(5-bromoisothiazol-3-yl)methanol. 5-Bromoisothiazole-3-carbaldehyde (0.533 g, 2.8 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (40 mL) then added sodium borohydride (0.11 g, 2.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Added more sodium borohydride (0.026 g, 0.69 mmol) and continued stirring at room temperature for 4.5 hours. Additional sodium borohydride (0.11 g, 2.8 mmol) was added once again and stirring was continued at room temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride then concentrated under vacuum. The remaining aqueous layer was diluted with water then extracted with ethyl acetate (2x). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to afford (5-bromoisothiazol-3-yl)methanol (0.430 g, 80% yield) as an orange oil. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 194.0 and 196.0 (MH+).
Figure imgf000088_0003
4) 5-bromo-3-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl oxy)methyl)isothiazole. (5-Bromoisothiazol-3-yl) methanol (0.380 g, 1.96 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (4 mL) then added tert-butyldimthylsilyl chloride (0.443 g, 2.94 mmol) and imidazole (0.400 g, 5.87 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was combined with previous reactions and concentrated under vacuum. The sample was purified by flash chromatography eluting with 0-15% ethyl acetate/hexane to afford 5-bromo-3-((tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl)isothiazole as a pale yellow liquid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 308.0 and 310.0 (MH+).
Figure imgf000089_0001
5) 3-((tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy) methyl)-5-(trimethylstannyl)isothiazole. 5-Bromo-3-((tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl)isothiazole (0.100 g, 0.324 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL) then cooled to -78 °C and added 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane (0.223 ml, 0.357 mmol) dropwise via syringe. The reaction mixture became yellow and stirring was continued at -78 0C for 45 minutes. IM Trimethyltin chloride in THF (0.324 ml, 0.324 mmol) was added to the mixture dropwise via syringe. No color change was observed. Continued stirring at -78 °C for 1.5 hours. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate at -78 °C then warmed to room temperature. The mixture was diluted with water then extracted with ether. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to afford 3- ((tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl)-5-(trimethylstannyl)isothiazole (0.121 g, 95.1% yield) as a light yellow liquid.
Figure imgf000089_0002
6) bis(l ,1 -dimethylethyl) (6-(3-((((l ,1 -dimethylethyl)(dimethyl)silyl)oxy)methyl)-5- isothiazolyl)[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylimidodicarbonate. Bis(l,l- dimethyl ethyl) (6-chloro[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylimidodicarbonate (0.200 g, 0.521 mmol) was suspended in dioxane (3 mL) then added 3-((tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl)-5-(trimethylstannyl)isothiazole (0.429 g, 1.09 mmol), xantphos (0.0301 g, 0.0521 mmol), palladium (II) acetate (0.00585 g, 0.0261 mmol), and water (0.0188 ml, 1.04 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 100 °C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The sample was purified by flash chromatography eluting with 0-100% ethyl acetate to afford bis( 1,1 -dimethylethyl) (6-(3-((((l,l- dimethylethyl)(dimethyl)silyl)oxy)methyl)-5-isothiazolyl)[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylimidodicarbonate (0.170 g, 56.6% yield) as a yellow oil. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 577.2 (MH+).
Figure imgf000090_0001
7) (5-(3-(aminomethyl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)isothiazol-3-yl)methanol. Bis(l ,1 - dimethyl ethyl) (6-(3-((((l , 1 -dimethylethyl)(dimethyl)silyl)oxy)methyl)-5- isothiazolyl)[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylimidodicarbonate (0.170 g, 0.29 mmol) was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5 mL) then hydrochloric acid gas was bubbled through the mixture for approx. 5 minutes. A precipitate formed and stirring was continued at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction was concentrated under vacuum then mostly redissolved in methanol (3.5 mL) and added ammonium hydroxide (0.052 ml, 1.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours then concentrated under vacuum. The sample was purified by flash chromatography eluting with 50-100% 90: 10:1 dichloromethane/methanol/NH4OH followed by 100% 90:10:1 dichloromethane/methanol/NH4OH to afford (5-(3-(aminomethyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-6-yl)isothiazol-3-yl)methanol (0.066 g, 85% yield) as a white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 263.0 (MH+).
Figure imgf000090_0002
6-((8-fluoro-6-phenyl- f 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline
1) 6-((6-chloro-8-fluoro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline. A mixture of 1- (5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (500 mg, 3095 μmol) and methyl 2-(quinolin-6- yl)acetate (600 mg, 2982 μmol) in HCl (cone, 600 μL, 7200 μmol) was heat at 100 0C for 20 min. The mixture was then heated in a microwave at 180 0C for 40 min. The mixture was quenched with NaOH (5 N, 1.5 mL) and the suspension was filtered and washed with H2O. The resulting brown solid is mostly the desired product. The solid was then triturated with NaOH (5 N, 1 mL), filtered, and washed with H2O. LCMS (ESI pos. ion): calc'd for C16Hi0ClFN4: 312.0; found: 313.1 (M+l).
2) 6-((8-fluoro-6-phenyl-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline. A mixture of Pd(OAc)2 (6.46 mg, 28.8 μmol), potassium phosphate (367 mg, 1727 μmol), phenylboronic acid (21 1 mg, 1727 μmol), dicyclohexyl(2-(2,4,6-triisopropylcyclohexa-l,3- dienyl)phenyl)phosphine (27.6 mg, 57.6 μmol), and 6-((6-chloro-8-fiuoro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline (180 mg, 576 μmol) in dioxane (6 mL)-H2O (2 mL) was heated to 100 0C under nitrogen for 20 h. The mixture was cooled to rt and partitioned between H2O and CH2Cl2. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. The residual was purified on silica using MeOH in DCM (0-5%) to give a pink solid. This solid was triturated with hexane-EtO Ac-DCM (hot) to give a brown solid (105 mg). LCMS (ESI pos. ion): calc'd for C22Hi5FN4: 354.1; found: 355.2 (M+l).
Figure imgf000091_0001
Example 438 6-(r8-fluoro-6-(l-methvI-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-ri,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3- yl)methyl)q uinolin-3-ol. A mixture of crude 6-((6-chloro-8-fluoro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3- methoxyquinoline (200 mg, 584 μmol), l-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)-lH-pyrazole (600 mg, 2884 μmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (24 mg, 29 μmol), and Na2CO3 (500 mg, 4717 μmol) in DME (7 mL)-H2O (5 mL) was heated at 100 0C under nitrogen. After overnight, the sludge was treated with DMSO (10 mL) and filtered. The DMSO solution was purified on HPLC (10-60%/l Omin). The product fraction was concentrated to dryness with toluene. The solid was then triturated with MeOH-hexane (1 :2) to give a brown powder (60 mg). LCMS (ESI pos. ion): calc'd for C20Hi5FN6O: 374.1 ; found 375.1 (M+l).
General Method F
Figure imgf000092_0001
NH2O-HO NaH Pd catalysis
NaOAc
Figure imgf000092_0004
Figure imgf000092_0005
Figure imgf000092_0003
Figure imgf000092_0002
Figure imgf000092_0006
Example 439 6-((5-( 3,5- difluorophenvDisoxazolo [5,4-bl pyridin-3-vDdifluoromethvDq uinoline
1) 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetic acid. To a solution of methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6- yl)acetate (2.Og, 8.4 mmol) in dioxane (4 mL) and water (12 mL) was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.53 g, 12 mmol). After stirring at 50 °C for thirty minutes, the solution was brought to pH 4 with 2.0 N HCl. The solution was concentrated and dried on a lyophilizer overnight to yield the product as an orange solid. MS m/z = 224.0 [M+l
2) 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetyl chloride hydrochloride. To a suspension of 2,2- difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetic acid (1.9 g, 8.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (16 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (7.4 mL, 84 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 45 °C for one hour. The suspension was filtered and the resulting filtrate concentrated to yield the product as an orange oil (1.8 g, 73% step 1 and 2 combined).
3) l-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone. To a solution of 3,5-dibromo-2-fluoropyridine (3.1 g, 12 mmol) in anhydrous THF (12 mL) under argon was added isopropylmagnesium chloride (2.0 M in THF, 6.0 mL, 12 mmol). The solution was stirred at room temperature for ten minutes, then was added via cannula to a solution of 2,2- difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetyl chloride hydrochloride (1.8 g, 6.1 mmol) in anhydrous THF (20 mL) at -78 °C. The solution was allowed to rise to -40 "C over one hour; then was stirred at 0 °C for one hour. The reaction was quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate; organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. Purification by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 20 to 80% ethyl acetate in hexanes) afforded the product as a tan solid (0.90 g, 38%).
4) l-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone oxime. To a pressure vessel was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.6 g, 24 mmol), sodium acetate (2.9 g, 35 mmol) and l-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone (0.90 g, 2.4 mmol) in acetic acid (20 mL). The suspension was sealed and stirred at 100 0C for fifteen minutes, then was concentrated, triturated with water and filtered. Purification of the resulting solid by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0-10% methanol in dichloromethane) afforded the product as a beige solid (0.59 g, 63%). MS m/z = 396.0 [M+l]+
5) 6-((5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline. To a solution of l-(5- bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone oxime (0.59 g, 1.5 mmol) in anhydrous THF (10 mL) was added sodium hydride (0.090 g, 2.3 mmol) at 0 0C. After ten minutes, the solution was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water, organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate. Purification by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 20-50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) afforded the product as a white solid (0.39g, 70%). MS m/z = 377.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C16H8BrF2N3O: 376.2
6) 6-((5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline. To a pressure vessel was added PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (0.0076 g, 0.0093 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.13 g, 0.40 mmol), 6-((5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (0.050 g, 0.13 mmol) and 3,5-difluorophenylboronic acid (0.03 Ig, 0.020 mmol) in DMF (1.0 mL) water (0.25 mL). The vessel was purged with argon, sealed and stirred at 80 °C for two hours. The mixture was concentrated, triturated with water an filtered; purification of the resulting precipitate by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 20 to 50 % ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the product as a white solid (27 mg, 53%).
General Method G
Figure imgf000094_0001
H2NOH, NaOAc CsCO3 Pd catalysis
Figure imgf000094_0004
Figure imgf000094_0003
Figure imgf000094_0002
Figure imgf000094_0005
Example 440 6-(difluoror5-(l-methyl-lH-pyra2θl-4-vπisoxazolo[4,5-blpyridin-3-yl)methyI)quinoline
1) 2,2-difluoro-N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetamide. To a solution of N- methoxymethanamine hydrochloride (3.7 g, 38 mmol) and methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6- yl)acetate (6.0 g, 25 mmol) in anhydrous THF (30 mL) was added isopropylmagnesium chloride (2.0 M, 38 mL, 76 mmol) at -20 °C. After thirty minutes the reaction was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride and extracted with diethyl ether; organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate. Purification by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 70 % ethyl acetate in hexanes) afforded the product as an orange solid. MS m/z = 267.2 [M+l]+.
2) 1 -(6-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone. n-Butyllithium (2.5M in hexanes, 3.70 ml, 9.25 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of DABCO (1.04 g, 9.25 mmol) in Et2O (46 mL) at -78°C. The reaction mixture was stirred Ih at -2O0C. and then cooled again at -780C. 2-Chloro-5-fluoropyridine (0.939 ml, 9.25 mmol) in Et2O (5 mL) was added. Stirring was continued at -780C for Ih. 2,2-Difluoro-N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-(quinolin- 6-yl)acetamide (2.24 g, 8.41 mmol) in Et2O (20 mL) was added by cannula. The reaction mixture was stirred at -780C for 70min. The cooling bath was replaced by an ice/water bath. After 10 min of stirring at 00C , the reaction mixture was quenched with water. The water layer was extracted with EtOAc and DCM/MeOH(9/l). The organic layers were combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by MPLC (hexanes/EtOAc: 100/0 to 40/60) afforded the title compound (2.27g, 80% yield). 3) l-(6-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone oxime. To a pressure vessel was added l-(6-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6- yl)ethanone (1.0 g, 3.0 mmol), sodium acetate (3.7 g, 45 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.1 g, 30 mmol) in acetic acid (15 mL). The vessel was sealed and the suspension was stirred at 100 °C for twenty minutes. Following concentration and trituration with water, a white precipitate was collected via filtration. Purification of the solid by MPLC (eluted with 0-10% methanol in dichloromethane) afforded the product as a white solid (0.85 g, 82%) MS m/z = 352.0 [M+l]+.
4) 6-((5-chloroisoxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline. To a pressure vessel was added l-(6-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)ethanone oxime (0.050 g, 0.14 mmol) and cesium carbonate (0.14 g, 0.43 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (1 mL). After stirring at 80 0C for 30 minutes, the solution was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. Organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a white solid (35 mg, 74%) MS m/z = 332.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C16H8C1F2N3O: 331.7.
5) 6-(difluoro(5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)isoxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline. To a pressure vessel was added 6-((5-chloroisoxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3- yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline) (0.10 g, 0.30 mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (0.012 g, 0.015 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.29 g, 0.90 mmol) and l-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole (0.094 g, 0.45 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) and water (0.5 mL).
The vessel was purged with argon, sealed and stirred at 80 "C for forty minutes. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water, organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate. Purification by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0 to 10% methanol in dichloromethane) afforded the product as a light yellow solid (45 mg, 40%). MS m/z = 378.2
[M+l]+ Calc'd for C20H13F2N5O: 377.3.
General Method H LiHMDS NaOH
Figure imgf000096_0001
Figure imgf000096_0002
Figure imgf000096_0003
Figure imgf000096_0004
NaH Pd catalysis
Figure imgf000096_0007
Figure imgf000096_0006
Figure imgf000096_0005
Figure imgf000096_0008
Example 441 6-(rR)-l-C5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-blpyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoIine
1) Methyl 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoate. To a solution of methyl 2-(quinoline-6-yl)acetate (7.0 g, 35 mmol) in anhydrous THF (70 mL) was added lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M in THF, 35 mL, 35 mmol) and solution of methyl iodide (2.2 mL, 35 mmol) in anhydrous THF (ImL) at -78 °C. The dry ice in acetone bath was removed and the mixture was stirred for 35 minutes, then was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride (30 mL), diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate. Organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and purified via MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 30% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a light yellow oil (6.5 g, 87%).
2) 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid. To a solution of methyl 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoate (1.4 g, 6.5 mmol) in methanol (7 mL) and water (1.5 mL) was added sodium hydroxide (6 N, 2.7 mL, 16 mmol) and the solution was stirred at 50 °C for one hour. The solution was concentrated, brought to pH 4 with 2.0 N HCl and the product was isolated via filtration as a white solid (0.94 g, 72%). 3) 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoyl chloride hydrochloride. To a suspension of 2-(quinolin-6- yl)propanoic acid (0.73 g, 3.6 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (15 mL) was added thionyl chloride (1.3 mL, 18 mmol) and the solution was stirred at room temperature for ten minutes. The solution was concentrated to yield the product as an orange solid.
4) l-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propan-l-one. To a solution of 3,5- dibromo-2-fluoropyridine (2.4 g, 9.3 mmol) in anhydrous THF (10 mL) was added isopropylmagnesium chloride (2.0 M in THF, 4.7 mL, 9.3 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for ten minutes. The solution was added via cannula to a solution of 2-(quinolin- 6-yl)propanoyl chloride hydrochloride (0.79 g, 3.1 mmol) in anhydrous THF (10 mL) at -78 0C and the combined reaction mixture was allowed to rise to -40 °C over one hour. The mixture was stirred at -40 °C for an additional 90 minutes, then was quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate. Organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and purified via MP LC (eluted with a gradient of 10-80% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a yellow oil (0.60 g, 54%).
5) l-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propan-l-one oxime. To a pressure vial was added sodium acetate (2.0 g, 24 mmol), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.1 g, 16 mmol) and l-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propan-l-one (0.58 g, 1.6 mmol) in acetic acid (10 mL). The vial was sealed and stirred at 100 0C for one hour, then was concentrated, diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. Organic extracts were concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with 0-10% methanol in dichloromethane) to yield the product as a tan oil (0.50 g, 83%).
6) 6-(l-(5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline. To a solution of l-(5-bromo-2- fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propan-l-one oxime (0.58 g, 1.6 mmol) in THF (15 mL) was added sodium hydride (60% in mineral oil, 0.093, 2.3 mmol) at 0 °C. The solution was stirred at 0 0C for ten minutes, then was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. Organic extracts were concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a colorless oil (0.10 g, 19%). MS m/z = 354.0 [M+l]+. Calc'd for CnHi2BrN3O: 354.2 7) 6-((R)-I -(5-(I -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline. To a pressure vial was added 6-(l-(5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline (0.09 g, 0.25 mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (0.010 g, 0.013 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.25 g, 0.76 mmol) and l-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole (0.079 g, 0.38 mmol) in DMF (2.5 mL) and water (0.5 mL). The vessel was flushed with argon, sealed and stirred at 90 °C for one hour. The mixture was concentrated, triturated in water and a brown solid was collected via filtration. Purification by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate) afforded a racemic mixture of the product. The desired enantiomer (>99% ee) was obtained via SFC. MS m/z = 356.2 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C2,H17N5O: 355.4
Figure imgf000098_0001
Example 442
N-((6-(3-(fluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-vn- f 1,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3-vnmethyl)-7- methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine: To a suspension of (5-(3-((7-methoxy-l,5- naphthyridin-4-ylamino)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)isoxazol-3-yl)methanol (0.080 g, 0.20 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (3 mL) was added deoxofluor (0.10 mL, 0.060 mmol) under argon at 0 °C. The solution was brought to room temperature over one hour and stirred three additional hours. The reaction was quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate and stirred for 15 minutes; a brown gum was collected by filtration. Purification via MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0 to 10% methanol in dichloromethane) afforded the product as an off-white solid (9.0 mg, 11%). MS m/z = 407.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci9Hi5FN8O2: 406.4
Figure imgf000098_0002
Example 443
6-(difluoro(5-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-blpyridin-3-yl)methvπαuinoline To a pressure vial was added 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl ( 9.3 mg, 0.013 mmol), 6- ((5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.27 mmol), 3- methyl-5-(trimethylstannyl)isothiazole (0.14g, 0.53 mmol) and Pd2(dba)3 (12 mg, 0.013 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5 mL). The vessel was purged with argon, sealed and stirred at 80 °C for ninety minutes. The mixture was concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a light yellow solid. MS m/z = 395.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C20Hi2F2N4OS: 394.4.
The following example compounds 444-448 were prepared using a method similar to 6- (difluoro(5-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline:
Figure imgf000099_0001
Figure imgf000100_0001
Example 449 N-cvclobutyl-S-fdifluorofquinolin-ό-vDinethvDisoxazoIofS^-blpyridin-S-ainine
To a pressure vial was added sodium tert-butoxide (38 mg, 0.40 mmol), xantphos (0.12 g, 0.20 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (61 mg, 0.066 mmol), 6-((5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.27 mmol), and cyclobutanamine (0.025 mL, 0.29 mmol) in toluene (3 mL). The mixture was stirred at 80 °C for two hours then was diluted with dichloromethane and filtered through celite. Purification of the filtrate by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) afforded the product as a yellow oil (5.1 mg, 5%). MS m/z = 367.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C20Hi6F2N4O: 366.4
Figure imgf000100_0002
Example 450 6-((5-(3,5-difluorophenvπisoxa2θlo[5,4-blpyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline
To a pressure vessel was added cesium carbonate (0.61 g, 1.9 mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 adduct (26 mg, 0.031 mmol), l-(6-chloro-3-fiuoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6- yl)ethanone oxime (0.26 g, 0.63 mmol) and 3,5-difluorophenylboronic acid (0.15 g, 0.94 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5 mL) and water (ImL). The mixture flushed with argon, sealed and stirred at 80 °C for one hour. The suspension was concentrated, triturated with water and filtered to afford a tan solid, purification by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 20 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) afforded the product as a white solid (23 mg, 9%). MS m/z = 410.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C22HnF4N3O: 409.3.
Figure imgf000101_0001
Example 451
6-(difluoro(5-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)isoxazolof4,5-blpyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline
To a solution of 5-bromo-3-methylisothiazole (0.19 g, 1.1 mmol) in anhydrous THF (3 mL) was added isopropylmagnesium lithium chloride (1.0 M in THF, 1.5 mL, 1.5 mmol) at -40 0C. The mixture was stirred at -40 °C for twenty minutes followed by the addition of zinc chloride (0.5 M in THF, 3.1 mL, 1.6 mmol). The mixture was brought to room temperature and stirred for thirty minutes followed by the addition of Q-Phos (0.12 g, 0.17 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (0.097 g, 0.110 mmol), 6-((5-chloroisoxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.30 mmol), and anhydrous dimethylacetamide (3.5 mL). The mixture was stirred at 50 "C for ninety minutes then was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. Organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes), then purified by HPLC (eluted with a gradient of 15 to 90% acetonitrile in water) to afford the product as a white solid (4.2 mg, 3%). MS m/z = 395.2 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C23H15F2N3O: 394.4.
Figure imgf000101_0002
Example 452
3-(difluoro(q uinolin-6-yl)methvπ-N,N-dimethylisoxazolo [4,5-b] pyridin-5-amine
To a microwave vial was added dimethylamine (2.0 M in THF, 0.75 mL, 1.5 mmol) and , 6- ((5-chloroisoxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.30 mmol) in ethanol (3 mL). The mixture was stirred at 140 ° under microwave irradiation for two hours then was concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 10 to 50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a light yellow solid (87 mg, 85%). MS m/z = 341.2 [M+l]+ Calc'd for Ci8Hi4F2N4O: 340.3.
Figure imgf000102_0002
Figure imgf000102_0001
Example 455 6-(l-(5-(thiazoI-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-blpyridin-3-yl)ethvI)quinoline
To a pressure vessel was added 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl (12 mg, 0.42 mmol), 6-(l- (5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.28 mmol), and A- (tributylstannyl)thiazole (0.16 g, 0.42 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (3 mL). The vial was flushed with argon, sealed and stirred at 90 °C for two hours. The mixture was concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0 to 10% methanol in dichloromethane) to afford the product as an off-white solid. MS m/z = 359.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C20Hi4N4OS: 358.4.
Figure imgf000103_0001
Example 456 6-((R)-l-(5-(thiazol-4-yl)isoxazolof5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline
To a pressure vessel was added 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl (12 mg, 0.42 mmol), 6-(l- (5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline (0.10 g, 0.28 mmol), 4-
(tributylstannyl)thiazole (0.16 g, 0.42 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (3 mL). The vial was flushed with argon, sealed and stirred at 90 °C for two hours. The mixture was concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0 to 10% methanol in dichloromethane) to yield the racemic product as an off-white solid. The desired enantiomer (>99% ee) was obtained via SFC. MS m/z = 359.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C20Hi4N4OS: 358.4
Figure imgf000103_0002
Example 457 6-((S)-l-(5-(thiazol-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b1pyridin-3-vI)ethyl)qumoline Prepared by a method similar to 6-((R)-I -(5-(thiazol-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)quinoline. MS m/z = 359.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C20H14N4OS: 358.4.
Figure imgf000103_0003
Example 458 6-((S)-l-(5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vπisoxazolo[5,4-blpyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline
Prepared by a method similar to 6-((R)-I -(5-(I -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline. MS m/z = 356.2 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C2iHi7N5O: 355.4
Figure imgf000104_0001
Example 459
7-methoxy-4-(T6-(4,5.6,7-tetrahydrothieno [3.2-cl pyridin-2-vn- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3- blpyridazin-3-yl)methoxy)quinoline
To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(3-((7-methoxyquinolin-4-yloxy)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-6-yl)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate (0.27 g, 0.50 mmol) (prepared according to general method A) was added trifluoroacetic acid (0.77 mL, 10 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 90 minutes, then was concentrated, taken up in 2.0 M ammonia in methanol and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0 to 10% methanol in dichloromethane) to yield the product as a pink solid. MS m/z = 445.0 [M+l]+ Calc'd for C23H20N6O2S: 444.51.
Figure imgf000104_0002
5-bromo-N,N-dimethylthiazol-2-amine: To a microwave vial was added N-ethyl-N- isopropylpropan-2-amine (0.72 mL, 4.1 mmol), 2,5-dibromothiazole (1.00 g, 4.1 mmol) and dimethylamine (40% in water, 0.52 mL, 4.1 mmol) in ethanol (10 mL). The vial was sealed and stirred at 140 °C under microwave irradiation for one hour, then was concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with a gradient of 0-50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield the product as a white, crystalline solid (0.25 g, 29%).
Figure imgf000104_0003
tert-butyl (6-(2-(dimethylamino)thiazol-5-ylMl,2,41triazolor4,3-b1pyridazin-3- vPmethylcarbamate: To a solution of 5-bromo-N,N-dimethylthiazol-2-amine (0.73 g, 3.53 mmol) in anhydrous THF (9 mL) was added isopropylmagnesium lithium chloride (1.0 M in THF, 4.8 mL, 4.8 mmol) at -40 "C. The solution was stirred for twenty minutes followed by the dropwise addition of zinc chloride (0.5 M in THF, 10 mL, 5.2 mmol). The mixture was brought to room temperature and stirred for thirty minutes followed by the addition of dimethylacetamide (12 mL), Pd2(dba)3, (0.32 g, 0.35 mmol), Q-Phos (0.34 g, 0.56 mmol), and tert-butyl (6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (0.29 g, 1.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 ° for two hours then was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride and purified by MPLC chromatography (eluted with a gradient of 0 to 10% (1 : 10:90 NH4OH:MeOH:DCM) in DCM) to yield the product as a light orange solid (0.27 g, 71%).
General Method I
Figure imgf000105_0001
Figure imgf000105_0002
Example 460
6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-H,2,4]triazolo|4,3-alpyridin-3- yl)methvl)-3-methoxyquinoline
Figure imgf000105_0003
1 ) tert-butyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate. The title compound was made from tert-butyl 2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate in a similar fashion to the procedure reported for the synthesis of methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetate.
Figure imgf000106_0001
2) 2.2-difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl')acetic acid. A 200 mL round bottom flask was charged with tert-butyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate (5.06 g, 16 mmol) then CH2Cl2, then irifluoroacetic acid (16 ml, 213 mmol) followed by triethylsilane (6.5 ml, 41 mmol). The solution was maintained at rt for 24 h until LCMS showed disappearance of starting material. The solution was concentrated and was subjected to high vacuum for 40 h to give 4.1 g (99% yield) of 2,2-difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetic acid as a brown solid. The material was of sufficient purity for use in subsequent steps.
Figure imgf000106_0002
3) 2, 3-difluoro-5-(l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridine. A sealable flask was charged with 5- chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (1.541 g, 10.3 mmol), palladium(ii) acetate (0.1 16 g, 0.515 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (6.56 g, 30.9 mmol), l-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole (2.57 g, 12.4 mmol), and X-Phos (0.491 g, 1.03 mmol). The flask was sealed with a septum cap, then dioxane (20 mL) and H2O (2 mL) were added. The resulting mixture was sparged with N2 for 10 min, and then heated at 100 °C for 2 h. The solution was cooled to rt and then concentrated and purified by flash chromatography using eluent 99:1 Hexanes : EtOAc to 60:40 Hexanes : EtOAc gradient to afford 2,3-difluoro-5-(l- methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridine (1.78 g, 88.5% yield) as a colorless film. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C9H7F2N3 (M+H) 197.1, found 197.4.
Figure imgf000106_0003
4) 2,2-difluoro-N'-(2-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vπphenyl)-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6- vPacetohydrazide. A round bottom flask was charged with 2,2-difluoro-2-(3- methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetic acid (389 mg, 1536 μmol) and DMF (8 mL). The solution was cooled to 0 C, thionyl chloride (224 μl, 3073 μmol), was added and the resulting solution was maintained 1 h at 0 °C. Then, triethylamine (641 μl, 4609 μmol)was added via syringe, followed by l-(3-fluoro-5-(l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (382 mg, 1844 μmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (18.8 mg, 154 μmol); both added as solids. The heterogeneous solution was stirred at 0 °C for 1 h, then allowed to warm to rt and stir for 18 h. The mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (50 mL) and the resulting mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2 (3x50 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated (heating to 50 °C) and the residue purified by SiO2 chromatography solvent system: CH2Cl2:Me0H 99%: 1% gradient 90:10 CH2Cl2 to yield 2,2-difluoro-N'-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide (225 mg, 33.1% yield) as a brown amorphous solid.
5) 6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-ri.2.41triazolor4.3-alpyridin-3- yl)methyl)-3 -methoxyquinoline. A sealable microwave vial was charged with 2,2-difluoro-N'- (3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6- yl)acetohydrazide (225 mg, 509 μmol) and polymer supported triphenylphosphine (2.3 mmol/g, 221 mg, 509 μmol). The flask was sealed and dichloroethane (4 mL) was added followed by diisopropylethylamine (89 μl, 509 μmol) and 2,2,2-trichloroacetonitrile (127 μl, 1271 μmol). The resulting mixture was irradiated in a microwave (Biotage Initiator) at 150 °C for 40 min. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with CH2Cl2 (15 mL) and MeOH (10 mL). The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting crude residue was purified by MPLC using 100% CH2Cl2 to 98:2 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to afford 6-
(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3- methoxyquinoline (94 mg, 44% yield) as a tan amorphous solid. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C21H16F3N6O (M+H) 425.1, found 425.4.
Figure imgf000108_0001
Example 461
6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazoI-4-yl)-fl,2,41triazoIo[4,3-alpyridin-3- yl)methyl)quinolin-3-ol.
To a flask charged with 3-(benzyloxy)-6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinoline (10 mg, 20 μmol) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1.5 mL, 20 mmol). The resulting solution was heated at 65 0C for 18 h. The solution was concentrated for purification by MPLC using 98:2 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90:10 CH2Cl2 : MeOH gradient to afford 6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinolin-3-ol (3.6 mg, 44% yield) as a colorless solid. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C20H14F3N6O (M+H) 411.1, found 411.3.
Figure imgf000108_0002
Example 462
6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-a1pyridin-3- vDmethv0-3-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinoline.
To a flask charged with 6-(difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)quinolin-3-ol (17.3 mg, 42 μmol), was added triphenylphosphine (55 mg, 21 1 μmol), THF (1 mL), and 4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-morpholine,95% (31 μl, 21 1 μmol). The mixture was placed under N2 and cooled to 0 °C. Di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (49 mg, 21 1 μmol) was added as a solid in a single portion and the solution was allowed to warm to rt and was maintained for 48 h. The solution was concentrated for purification by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion). The crude residue was taken up in minimal CH2Cl2 and absorbed onto a 5 g loading cartridge and passed through a Redi-Sep® pre-packed silica gel column (40 g) using 99:1 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90:10 CH2Cl2 : MeOH gradient to afford 6- (difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3- (3-morpholinopropoxy)quinoline (7.5 mg, 33% yield) as a colorless solid.; . LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C27H27F3N7O2 (M+H) 538.2, found 538.2.
Figure imgf000109_0001
Example 463
6-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-8-fluoro- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)-3- methoxyq uinoline
Figure imgf000109_0002
a) N'-(5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetohvdrazide. This compound was assembled from 2,2-difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetic acid and 1- (5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine according to General Method I. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for CnHi3ClF3N4O2S (M+H) 397.1, found 397.2.
Figure imgf000109_0003
b) 6-(f6-chloro-8-fluoro-ri.2.41tria2θlor4.3-alpyridin-3-vndifluoromethvπ-3- methoxyquinoline. This compound was made from N'-(5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2,2- difluoro-2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide according to General Method I. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci7Hi 1ClF3N4O (M+H) 379.1 , found 379.2. c) 6-((6-('3.5-difluorophenvπ-8-fluoro-ri,2,41tria2θlor4.3-alpyridin-3-vDdifluoromethyl)-3- methoxyquinoline. A sealable microwave vial was charged with 6-((6-chloro-8-fluoro- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)-3-methoxyquinoline (342.05mg, 903 μmol), palladium(II) acetate (30 mg, 135 μmol), potassium phosphate (575 mg, 2709 μmol), 3,5- difluorophenylboronic acid (285 mg, 1806 μmol), and X-Phos (129 mg, 271 μmol). The tube was sealed, and flushed with N2. Dioxane (9 mL), then H2O (1 mL) were added and the mixture was sparged with N2 for 10 min, then heated at 100 °C for 24 h. The mixture was cooled to rt and concentrated absorbed onto a 5 g loading cartridge for MPLC purification using a 98:2 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90: 10 CH2Cl2 : MeOH gradient to give 6-((6-(3,5- difluorophenyl)-8-fluoro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)-3- methoxyquinoline (72 mg, 17% yield). LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C23Hi4F5N4O (M+H) 457.1 , found 457.0.
Figure imgf000110_0001
tert-butyl 2-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)quinoIin-6-vDacetate.
A flask was charged with tert-butyl 2-(3-hydroxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate (581.04 mg, 2.241 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (1.175 g, 4.482 mmol) then sealed with a septum and an placed under N2. Benzene (10 mL) was added, followed by 2-methoxyethanol (0.8838 ml, 11.20 mmol). The heterogeneous solution was cooled to 0 °C, and di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (1.032 g, 4.482 mmol) was added as a solid in a single portion. The solution was allowed to warm to rt and maintained 20 h. The solution was then partitioned between saturated aqueous. NH4Cl, and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL), and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion),
80 g SiO2, solvent system: 90:10 hexanes:EtOAc gradient to 50:50 hexanes:EtOAc to give tert-butyl 2-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)quinolin-6-yl)acetate (585. 2 mg, 82% yield). LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci8H24NO4 (M+H) 318.2, found 318.3.
Figure imgf000110_0002
tert-butyl 2-(3-((l,4-dioxan-2-yl)methoxy)quinolin-6-vDacetate (racemate). The title compound was assembled from tert-butyl 2-(3-hydroxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate and (1,4- dioxan-2-yl)methanol according to the procedure described for tert-butyl 2-(3-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinolin-6-yl)acetate.
Figure imgf000111_0001
N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-vπ-2,2-difluoro-2-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)quinolϊn-6- vDacetohydrazide.
The title compound was assembled from l-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine and tert-butyl 2- (3-(2-methoxyethoxy)quinolin-6-yl)acetate as described in General Method I. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci8Hi7ClF2N5O3 (M+H) 424.1, found 424.2.
Figure imgf000111_0002
Example 464
6-((6-chloro- [ 1 ,2.41 triazolo [4,3-b 1 pyridazin-3-vndifIuoromethvD-3-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinoline.
A sealable microwave vial was charged with N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-2,2-difluoro-2-(3-(2- methoxyethoxy)quinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide (46.98mg, 111 μmol), 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane (1.5 mL), and 1 drop of cone. HCl. The vial was sealed and heated at 130 0C for 40 min. The solution was concentrated and purified by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion). The residue was taken up in minimal CH2Cl2 and absorbed onto a 5 g loading cartridge and passed through a Redi-Sep® pre-packed silica gel column (12 g) using 98:2 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90:10 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to afford 6-((6-chloro-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)-3- (2-methoxyethoxy)quinoline (25.3mg, 56.2% yield) as a colorless solid. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci8Hi5ClF2N5O2 (M+H) 406.1, found 406.2.
Figure imgf000112_0001
Example 465
6-((6-(3,5-difIuorophenvD- [ 1.2.41 triazolo [4.3-bl pyridazin-3-vndifluoromethyl)-3-(2- methoxycthoxy)quinoline.
The title compound was synthesized from 6-((6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)difluoromethyi)-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)quinoline and 3,5-difluorophenylboronic acid in a similar manner as that described for 6-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-8-fluoro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]pyridin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)-3-methoxyquinoline. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C24Hi8F4N5O2 (M+H) 484.1, found 484.2.
General Method J
Figure imgf000112_0002
Example 466 N-((5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-blpyridin-3-vπmethvπ-7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4- amine.
Figure imgf000113_0001
1) methyl 2-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b~lpyridin-3-yl')acetate. A sealable microwave vial was charged with methyl 2-(5-chlorofuro[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)acetate (1.30 g, 5.74 mmol), palladium(II) acetate (0.129 g, 0.574 mmol), potassium phosphate (3.66 g, 17.2 mmol), 3,5- difluorophenylboronic acid (1.81 g, 1 1.5 mmol), and X-Phos (0.548 g, 1.15 mmol). The vial was sealed, flushed with N2, then dioxane (20 mL) and H2O (2 mL) were added. The solution was sparged with N2 for 10 min, then heated at 100 °C for 24 h. The mixture was then cooled to rt and concentrated for purification by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion). The crude residue was taken up in minimal CH2Cl2 and absorbed onto a 25 g loading cartridge and passed through a Redi-Sep® pre-packed silica gel column (120 g) using 98:2 Hexanes : EtOAc to 70:30 Hexanes : EtOAc gradient to afford methyl 2-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2- b]pyridin-3-yl)acetate (1.46 g, 83.8% yield) as a colorless amorphous solid. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci6Hi2F2NO3 (M+H) 304.1, found 304.2.
Figure imgf000113_0002
2) 2-(5-(3,5-difluorophenvDfuro|"3,2-b1pyridin-3-vDacetic acid. To a flask charged with methyl 2-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)acetate (1.46g, 5 mmol) was added MeOH (1.5 mL), H2O (0.5 mL), followed by NaOH (2 mL, 6 M, 12 mmol) to generate a yellow solution, which was capped and maintained at rt for 18 h. The solution was acidified with cone. HCl to pH=3 and poured into CH2Cl2. The layers were separated and the organic layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (2x10 mL), followed by EtOAc (2x10 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to produce a colorless solid, which was of sufficient purity for use in the next step.
Figure imgf000114_0001
3) methyl (5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)faro[3,2-b1pyridin-3-vπmethylcarbamate. To a flask under N2 charged with 2-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)acetic acid (1.033 g, 3.57 mmol) was added anhydrous CH2Cl2 (40 mL). The heterogeneous solution was cooled to 0 °C and oxalyl chloride (1.6 mL, 17.8 mmol) was added, followed by a catalytic amount of DMF. The solution was warmed to rt and maintained for 1 h. The solution was concentrated, then taken up in anhydrous acetone and added to a stirring aqueous solution of sodium azide (1.62 g, 25.0 mmol, in 10 mL H2O) at 0 °C to generate a homogeneous orange solution. After 15 min at 0 0C, the mixture was diluted further with CH2Cl2 and stirred an additional 5 min to give a homogeneous solution. The solution was then partitioned between H2O and CH2Cl2, and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (2x10 mL) and the combined organic layers were dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was transferred to a dry flask, evacuated and flushed with N2 (5x), and anhydrous CH2Cl2 (30 mL) was added. The solution was cooled to -78 0C, and boron trichloride (5.4 mL, 5.4 mmol, 1.0 M in CH2Cl2) was added dropwise. The cold bath was removed and the solution was allowed to warm to rt, and maintained 48 h. Anhydrous methanol (5 mL) was added and the solution maintained at rt for 3 h at which time it was concentrated for purification by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion). The residue was taken up in minimal CH2Cl2 and absorbed onto a 25 g loading cartridge and passed through a Redi-Sep® pre-packed silica gel column (80 g) using 99:1 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90:10:1 CH2Cl2 : MeOH : NH4OH to afford methyl (5-(3,5- difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (680 mg, 60% yield) as a brown amorphous solid. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci6Hi3F2N2O3 (M+H) 319.1, found 319.2.
Figure imgf000114_0002
4) (S-D.S-difluorophenvPfaroP^-bipyridin-S-vDmethanamine. To a flask charged with methyl (5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (680 mg, 2137 μmol) was added MeOH (20 mL), then aqueous NaOH (18 mL, 6 N, 106 mmol). The solution was heated at reflux for 60 h. The solution was concentrated to remove MeOH, then partitioned between CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and NaHCO3 (10 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (1x10 mL), then EtOAc (4x25 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated to give a total of (5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3- yl)methanamine (306.6 mg, 55% yield) as a brown foam. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci4H11F2N2O (M+H) 261.1, found 261.2.
5) N-((5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo|"3.2-b1pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4- amine. A sealable microwave vial was charged with (5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin- 3-yl)methanamine (177.6 mg, 682 μmol), 8-chloro-3-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridine (146 mg, 751 μmol), and potassium phosphate (435 mg, 2047 μmol). A septum was attached and the vial was flushed with N2, then toluene (5 mL) and H2O (1 mL) were added and the was solution sparged with N2 for 5 min. The septum was then quickly removed and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) (15.6 mg, 17.1 μmol) and rac-2,2'- bis(diphenylphosphino)-l,l'-binaphthyl (42.5 mg, 68.2 μmol) were added together as solids. The vial was then sealed and the resulting purple solution was sparged again for 5 min. The mixture was then heated at 100 °C for 20 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo for purification by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion). The crude residue was taken up in minimal CH2Cl2 and absorbed onto a 25 g loading cartridge and passed through a Redi- Sep® pre-packed silica gel column (80 g) using 98:2 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90:10 CH2Cl2 : MeOH gradient to afford a tan amorphous solid. This solid was additionally triturated with CH2Cl2 (2x0.5 mL) to give N-((5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-7- methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine (103 mg, 36.1% yield). LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C23HnF2N4O2 (M+H) 419.1, found 419.2.
Figure imgf000115_0001
Example 467
N-((5-(3,5-difluorophenvnfuro[3.2-blpyridin-3-vnmethvn-7-(2-methoxyethoxy)-1.5- naphthyridin-4-amine. The title compound was assembled from (5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3- yl)methanamine and 8-chloro-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine in the manner described for 7-methoxy-N-((5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-l,5- naphthyridin-4-amine. LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for C25H2]F2N4O3 (M+H) 463.2, found 463.2.
Figure imgf000116_0001
Methyl 2-(5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)acetate. A sealable flask was charged with methyl 2-(5-chlorofuro[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)acetate, palladium (II) acetate (49.8 mg, 222 μmol), X-Phos (211 mg, 443 μmol), and 3-methyl-5- (tributylstannyl)isoxazole (1319 mg, 3546 μmol). The flask was sealed and dioxane (20 mL) was added. The mixture was sparged with N2 for 10 min, then heated at 100 0C for 48 h. The mixture was cooled to rt and concentrated for purification by MPLC (Teledine Isco combiFlash Companion). The crude residue was taken up in minimal CH2Cl2 and absorbed onto a 25 g loading cartridge and passed through a Redi-Sep® pre-packed silica gel column (40 g) using 98:2 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to 90:10 CH2Cl2 : MeOH to afford methyl 2-(5-(3- methylisoxazol-5-yl)furo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)acetate (581 mg, 96.3% yield). LRMS (ESI) mlz calcd for Ci4HnN2O4 (M+H) 273.1, found 273.3.
Figure imgf000116_0002
Figure imgf000117_0001
Figure imgf000118_0001
8-chloro-3-fluoro- 1 ,5-naphthyridine
1) 5-((5-fluoropyridin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2<2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione. A 15O mL sealed tube was charged with 2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (6.0 g, 41.6 mmol) and trimethyl orthoformate (41.6 mL, 41.6 mmol). This was heated to 100 0C, and stirred at this temperature for 2 hours. Reaction then cooled to 300C and 5-fluoropyridin-3-amine (4.7 g, 41.6 mmol) added portion- wise. Reaction vessel resealed and mixture stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours. LC/MS shows completion. Reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with hexane, filtered, and air dried to yield 5-((5-fluoropyridin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2,2- dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (9.1 g, 82% yield) as a bright yellow solid. MS [M+H]= 267.2. Calc'd for C12H1 iFN2O4=266.2.
2) 7-fluoro-l,5-naphthyridin-4(lH)-one. A 500 mL round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser was charged with 5-((5-fluoropyridin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2,2-dimethyl-l ,3- dioxane-4,6-dione (8.0 g, 30.0 mmol) and diphenyl ether (83.5 mL). This was heated to 250 0C in heating mantle and allowed to stay at this temperature for five minutes. Cooled to room temperature, diluted with hot hexanes, and filtered to afford 7-fluoro-l,5-naphthyridin-4(lH)- one (2.2 g, 45% yield) as a crude brown solid. The title compound was used without further purification. MS [M+H]=165.2, Calc'd for C8H5FN2O=I 64.14.
3) 8-chloro-3-fluoro-l ,5-naphthyridine. A pressure resistant vial was charged with 7-fluoro- l ,5-naphthyridin-4(lH)-one (600 mg, 3.66 mmol) and POC13 (6.8 mL, 73.1 mmol). Vessel sealed and stirred at 110 C for 16hrs. Reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured onto ice while stirring vigorously. While keeping reaction mixture at O0C, it was basified to pH~8 with 6N NaOH. Product extracted with dichloromethane. Organic layer collected, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford desired material. This was passed through a silica plug in 1-5% (90:10:1 DCM/MeOH/NH4OH)/DCM to afford 8-chloro- 3-fluoro-l,5-naphthyridine (430mg, 64% yield) as a tan solid. MS [M+H]=182.9. Calc'd for C8H4ClFN2=I 82.58
Figure imgf000119_0001
7-chloro-3H-imidazo [4,5-bl pyridine
1) 4-azabenzimidazole N-oxide . Hydrogen peroxide (30wt% solution in water, 38.0 ml, 372 mmol) was added to a suspension of 3H-irnidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (4.93 g, 41.4 mmol) in AcOH
(40 mL) at room temperature. The reasulting reaction mixture was stirred at 8O0C for 3h, cooled to RT and concentrated in vacuo to a volume -50 mL. Concentration to dryness was done using a stream of N2. The resulting residue was suspended in water (~10mL). Filtration afforded the title compound (4.61 g, 82.4% yield).
2) 7-chloro-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine. A 5OmL round bottom flask set up with a reflux condenser under nitrogen atmosphere was charged 4-azabenzimidazole N-oxide (1.2 g, 8.88 mmol) and 11 mL of DMF. This was heated to 500C and methanesulfonyl chloride (1.86 ml, 23.98 mmol) was added dropwise via syringe. The resulting mixture was heated to 800C and stirred at this temperature for 16 hours. This was cooled to room temperature and quenched with water (approximately 10 mL) and reaction mixture brought to pH 7 by adding 6N NaOH aqueous solution. The reaction was extracted four times with dichloromethane (5OmL). Some product was present in aqueous layer; this was concentrated and residue set aside. The combined organic layers were dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The material was purified via column chromatography (RediSep 4Og column, gradient elution 0- 10% MeOH:DCM) to afford 7-chloro-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (450mg, 33.0% yield). MS [M+H]=154.2. Calc'd C6H4ClN3 = 153.56.
Figure imgf000119_0002
8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-ol A pressure-resistant vial was charged with 8-chloro-3-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridine (2.5 g, 12.8 mmol), boron tribromide (13.4 mL, 141.3 mmol) and dichloroethane (0.6M, 21.4mL). Vessel sealed and mixture stirred at 600C for 16hrs. Next day the reaction mixture was chilled in ice bath and diluted with dichloromethane (20OmL). This was allowed to sit under nitrogen system until all fuming ceased. The resulting yellow solid material was then filtered and dried under high vacuum. This was suspended in 40% (90:10:1 DCM/MeOH/NH4OH)/DCM and purified in this system by ISCO silica gel chromatography (80g) afford 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-ol (1.3g, 56% yield). MS [M+H]=181.2. Calc'd for C8H5ClN2O=I 80.59.
UNANJ cι
3-(2-bromoethoxy)-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine.
A resealable pressure bottle was charged with 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-ol (400mg, 2.2 mmol), 2-dibromoethane (3.2 mL, 37.7 mmol), and DMF (0.15M, 14.8 mL). Vessel sealed and placed in a pre-heated at 650C oil bath. Reaction allowed to stir at this temperature for 4hrs. Reaction cooled to room temperature and passed through a pad of celite. Filtrate concentrated and purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography (20-40%EtOAc/Hexanes) to afford 3-(2- bromoethoxy)-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (460mg, 72% yield). MS [M+H]=289.0 Calc'd for CioH8BrClN20=287.54
The following compound was prepared using the procedure for 3-(2-bromoethoxy)-8-chloro- 1 ,5-naphthyridine:
8-chloro-3-((tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine;
8-chloro-3-((tetrahydrothiophen-l,l-dioxide-3-yl)methoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine (starting with the alkyl chloride).
Figure imgf000120_0001
fR)-8-chloro-3-(2-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-l-yl)ethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine.
A 25mL round bottom flask at rt was charged with (R)-3-fluoropyrrolidine hydrochloride (124 mg, 0.99 mmol). To this was added potassium carbonate (365 mg, 2.64 mmol), 3-(2- bromoethoxy)-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (190mg, 0.66 mmol), sodium iodide (149 mg, 0.99 mmol) and DMF (2mL). Reaction mixture placed in oil bath preheated to 600C and allowed to stir for lόhrs. Reaction mixture passed through celite cake, rinsed with 10%MeOH/DCM and filtrate concentrated to afford yellow oil. This was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography (20-40% EtOAC/Hexanes) to afford (R)-8-chloro-3-(2-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-l-yl)ethoxy)-l,5- naphthyridine (105mg, 54% yield). MS [M+H]=296.2. Calc'd for Ci4H,5ClFN3O=295.7.
The following compounds were prepared in a similar fashion as 8-chloro-3-(2-(3- fluoropyrrolidin- 1 -yl)ethoxy)- 1 ,5-naphthyridine:
8-chloro-3-(2-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-l -yl)ethoxy)-l ,5-naphthyridine;
8-chloro-3-(2-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-l-yl)ethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine;
1 -(2-(8-chloro- 1 ,5-naphthyridin-3-yloxy)ethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol;
3-(2-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)ethoxy)-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (using NaH as the base);
3-(2-(lH-pyrazol-l -yl)ethoxy)-8-chloro-l ,5-naphthyridine; 3-(2-(lH-l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)ethoxy)-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine.
Figure imgf000121_0001
8-chloro-3-(2,2,2-trifhioroethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine.
A resealable pressure bottle was charged with 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-ol (80mg, 0.44 mmol), cesium carbonate (433 mg, 1.3 mmol), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (360 mg, 1.55 mmol), and DMF (0.9 ml). Vessel sealed and placed in a pre-heated at 500C oil bath. Reaction allowed tostir at this temperature for 45 minutes. LC/MS shows complete conversion. Quench with water, dilute with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dichloromethane. Layers separated, organic layer collected and dried over sodium sulfate. This was concentrated to afford yellow oil; which was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography
(20-40%EtOAc/Hexanes) to afford 8-chloro-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine (65mg, 56% yield). MS [M+H]=263.0@1.89minutes. Calc'd for Ci0H6ClF3N2O=262.6.
Figure imgf000121_0002
8-chloro-3-(2,2-dif-uoroethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine. The title compound was prepared using the method described for 8-chloro-3-(2,2,2- trifluoroethoxy)- 1 ,5-naphthyridine.
Figure imgf000122_0001
8-chloro-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-1.5-naphthyridine.
A round bottom flask under nitrogen environment was charged with 8-chloro-l,5- naphthyridin-3-ol (1.05 g, 5.8 mmol), 22.8 g of PS-Triphenylphosphine (loading: 2.2mmol/g), 2-methoxyethanol (2.2 mL, 27.9 mmol), and THF (29.1 ml, 5814 μmol)/ DCM (58.1 mL). Mixture cooled to O0C and to this was added DEAD (1.84 mL) dropwise via syringe. Reaction mixture allowed to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. Diluted with 5OmL of
10%MeOH/dichloromethane and resin bound reagent filtered. Filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography (10-30% EtOAc/Hexanes) to afford 8-chloro-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine (770mg, 55% yield) as white solid. MS [M+H]=238.9. Calc'd for CnH1 ,C1N2O2=238.67.
The following compounds were prepared in a similar fashion as 8-chloro-3-(2- methoxyethoxy)- 1 ,5-naphthyridine:
8-chloro-3-(2-(pyrrolidin- 1 -yl)ethoxy)- 1 ,5-naphthyridine; 8-chloro-3-(3-morpholinopropoxy)-l ,5-naphthyridine;
3-((l ,4-dioxan-2-yl)methoxy)-8-chloro-l ,5-naphthyridine; 8-chloro-3-(pyrrolidin-2-ylmethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine.
Figure imgf000122_0002
8-chloro-3-(difluoromethoxy')-l,5-naphthyridiiie.
A round bottom flask under nitrogen atmosphere was charged with sodium 2-chloro-2,2- difluoroacetate (0.49 g, 3.2 mmol), 8-chloro-l ,5-naphthyridin-3-ol (0.25 g, 1.4 mmol), cesium carbonate (1.4 g, 4.2 mmol), and DMF (2.8 mL, 0.5M). This was then placed in a 1000C preheated oil bath and stirred at this temperature for 3 hours. Reaction mixture diluted with 10%Methanol/Dichloromethane and filtered over celite. Filtrate concentrated and purified by
ISCO silica gel chromatography (4Og) in l%MeOH/DCM to afford pure 8-chloro-3- (difluoromethoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine (0.18 g, 56% yield) as white solid. MS [M+H]=231.2. Calc'd for C9H5ClF2N2O=230.60.
Figure imgf000123_0001
8-chloro-3-((2-methyl-2H-l,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy)-l,5-naphthyridine
1 ) 2-methyl-2H-l,2.4-triazole-3-carbaldehyde. A dry round bottom flask under nitrogen atmosphere was charged with 1 -methyl- 1 H- 1,2,4-triazole (1.0 g, 12.04 mmol) and THF (6.0 ml, 2M). This was cooled to O0C followed by addition of 2M solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride in THF (6.6 mL, 13.24 mmol) via syringe. Ice bath removed and reaction allowed to stir at room temperature for 1.5 hours. Reaction mixture cooled back to O0C and N,N- dimethylformamide (1.39 ml, 18.05 mmol) added dropwise via syringe. Reaction mixture allowed to warm up to room temperature over 1 hour and stirred at this temperature for 16 hours. Next day reaction mixture was quenched with 2N HCl and mixture diluted with dichloromethane. Layers separated, and aqueous layer neutralized with aq. sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with dichloromethane. All organic layers combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated at room temperature (most THF remains) to afford clear material. This was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography (10-40%EtO Ac/Hex) to afford 2-methyl-2H- 1 ,2,4-triazole-3-carbaldehyde (1.0 g, 75% yield). Yield was estimated based on H'NMR. Product was isolated as a solution in EtOAc (did not remove all EtOAc due to volatility of aldehyde, b.p.~60°C). MS [M+H] = 112.2; MS [M+H+H2O] = 130.2@0.23minutes . Calc'd for C4H5N3O = 111.10.
2) (2-methyl-2H-1.2.4-triazol-3-yl)methanol. 2-methyl-2H-l,2,4-triazole-3-carbaldehyde (0.50 g, 4.50 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL)was treated with sodium borohydride (0.17 g, 4.50 mmol) at room temperature and allowed to stir for 2 hours. Reaction mixture was quenched with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, diluted with 10%MeOH/DCM, and organic layer collected. Aqueous layer was saturated with sodium sulfate and extracted with 50 mL of, dichloromethane (3 times). Organic portions combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to 1/4 volume at room temp. This was then diluted with ether, causing a precipitate to form. This was concentrated yielding 2-methyl-2H-l,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methanol as a foamy white solid (0.44 g, 86.4% yield). This was used 'as is' for next step. MS [M+H]= 1 14.2. Calc'd for C4H7N3O=I 13.1. 3) 8-chloro-3-("(2-methyl-2H-l .2.4-triazol-3-vnmethoxy)-l .5-naphthyridine. The title compound was prepared in a similar fashion as 8-chloro-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,5- naphthyridine.
Figure imgf000124_0001
3-bromo-8-chIoro-l,5-naphthyridine
1) 5-((5-bromop\τidin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione. A 35OmL sealed tube was charged with 2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (21.6 g, 150.0 mmol) and triethyl orthoformate (150 mL, 150.0 mmol). This was heated to 100 0C, and stirred at this temperature for 2 hours. Reaction then cooled to 300C and 55-bromopyridin-3-amine (25.95 g, 150.0 mmol) added portion-wise. Reaction vessel resealed and mixture stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours. LC/MS shows completion. Reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with hexane, filtered, and air dried to yield 5-((5-bromopyridin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2,2- dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (41.5 g, 85% yield) as a yellow solid. MS [M+H]= 327.0. Calc'd for Ci2H1 iBrN2O4=327.1.
2) 7-bromo-l,5-naphthyridin-4(lHVone. A 500 mL round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser was charged with 5-((5-bromopyridin-3-ylamino)methylene)-2,2-dimethyl- l ,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (10.5 g, 32.1 mmol) and diphenyl ether (84.5 mL, 32.1 mmol). This was heated to 250 0C in heating mantle and allowed to stay at this temperature for 1 hour. Reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with 30OmL of Hexanes. This was heated to 600C and triturated in this system for 3 hrs to afford 7-bromo-l,5-naphthyridin-4(lH)-one (6.05 g, 84% yield) as a crude brown solid. This was used without further purification. MS[M+H]=227.0. Calc'd for C8H5BrN2O=225.0.
3) S-bromo-δ-chloro-l.S-naphthyridine. 7-bromo-l,5-naphthyridin-4(lH)-one (23.8 g, 105.8 mmol), acetonitriel (192 mL, 105.8 mmol), and DMF (2.05 mL, 26.5 mmol) were placed in a 3 -necked round bottom flask set up with a reflux condenser. Argon bubbled through. Reaction mixture brought to reflux (-950C). Oxalyl chloride (28.7 ml, 328.1 mmol) was added dropwise via addition funnel over 40 minutes and reaction allowed to stir at this temperature for 16 hrs.
Reaction mixture cooled to O0C and basified to pH ~8 with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. Product extracted with DCM (50OmL) three times. Organic layers combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford brown solid. This was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography to afford 3-bromo-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (3.6 g, 14% yield) as fluffy tan solid. MS[M+H]=245.0@. Calc'd for C8H4BrClN2=243.5.
Figure imgf000125_0001
8-chIoro-N-(diphenylmethylene)-l,5-naphthyridin-3-amine
A 25ml round bottom flask set up under nitrogen was charged with Pd2(dba)3 (301mg, 0.33mmol), BINAP (614 mg, 0.99 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (237mg, 2.46 mmol). System was purged with Argon and 3-bromo-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (400mg, 1.64 mmol), diphenylmethanimine (0.28 mL, 1.64 mmol), and toluene (IM, 1.64 mL) were added. This was placed in a preheated oil bath at 800C and stirred at this temperature for 16 hours. Reaction cooled to room temperature, diluted with dichloromethane, and passed over a celite cake. Filtrate collected was concentrated to afford brown oil. This was purifed by ISCO silica gel chromatography (4Og, 1 %MeOH/DCM over 50mins) to afford clean 8-chloro-N- (diphenylmethylene)-l ,5-naphthyridin-3-amine (280mg, 50% yield). MS[M+H]=344.0. Calc'd for C2]Hi4ClN3 =343.8.
Figure imgf000125_0002
8-chloro-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-l,5-naphthyridin-3-amine.
Figure imgf000125_0003
1 ) 8-chloro-l ,5-naphthyridin-3-amine. A round bottom flask under nitrogen was charged with 8-chloro-N-(diphenylmethylene)-l,5-naphthyridin-3 -amine (315mg, 0.92 mmol), 2M aqueous HCl (1.42 mL, 2.84 mmol), and tetrahydrofuran (0.25M, 3.67mL). This was stirred at RT for 30 minutes. Reaction basified with aq. sodium bicarbonate solution and product extracted with dichloromethane. This was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford orange solid; which was purified via ISCO silica gel chromatography, 4Og column, 30% (90/10/1
DCM: MeOH :NH4OH)/DCM over 40 minutes to afford 7-amino-l,5-naphthyridin-4-ol (140mg, 95% yield) as yellow solid. MS[M+H]=180.2. Calc'd for C8H6ClN3=I 79.6. 2) 8-chloro-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-l ,5-naphthyridin-3-amine. A round bottom flask under nitrogen atmosphere was charged with 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-amine (160mg, 0.89 mmol), DMF (2.2 mL, 0.89 mmol). This was cooled to O0C and SODIUM HYDRIDE (60% dispersion in oil) (107 mg, 4.45 mmol) added portionwise. This was quickly followed by addition of 1 -bromo-2-methoxyethane (0.12 mL, 1.25 mmol) dropwise via syringe. Ice bath removed and reaction mixture heated to 850C and stirred at this temperature for 16 hours. Reaction diluted with 5mL of 5%MeOH/Dichloromethane, loaded onto silica gel column and eluted with 2%MeOH/DCM to afford 8-chloro-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-l,5-naphthyridin-3-amine (70mg, 33% yield) as a light yellow solid. MS[M+H]=238.2. Calc'd for Ci IHI2C1N3O=237.7.
Figure imgf000126_0001
N-(8-chloro- 1.S-naphthyridin-S-vD-l-methoxyacetamide
A round bottom flask under nitrogen was charged with 8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3 -amine (41mg, 0.23 mmol), triethylamine (64 μl, 0.46 mmol), and dichloromethane (ImL). To this was added 2-methoxyacetyl chloride (42 μl, 0.46 mmol) dropwise via syringe and reaction allowed to stir overnight at room temperature. Next day reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. Layers separated and organic layer dried over sodium sulfate to afford yellow oil. This was purified by ISCO silica gel chromatography (2-5%MeOH/DCM) to afford N-(8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-yl)-2- methoxyacetamide (43mg, 75% yield) as light yellow solid. MS[M+H]=251.9. Calc'd for CπH10ClN3θ2=251.7.
Figure imgf000126_0002
8-chloro-3-morpholino-l,5-naphthyridine A round bottom flask under nitrogen atmosphere was charged with Pd2(dba)3 (578 mg, 0.63 mmol), Xantphos (1.1 g, 1.89 mmol) , and sodium tert-butoxide (364 mg, 3.79 mmol). This was purged with Argon followed by addition of 3-bromo-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (615 mg, 2.53 mmol), morpholine (0.22 mL, 2.53 mmol), and toluene (IM, 2.53 mL). This was then placed in a preheated oil bath at 800C. After 2.5 hours, reaction was stopped, cooled to room temp and diluted with Dichloromethane. This was passed over a celite cake and filtrate concentrated to afford brown oil; which was purifed by ISCO silica gel chromatography (4Og, l%MeOH/DCM over 50mins) to afford 8-chloro-3-morpholino-l,5-naphthyridine (200mg, 32% yield). MS[M+H]=250.2. Calc'd for Ci2H,2ClN3O=249.7.
4-bromo- 1 -phenyl- 1 H-pyr azole.
A sealable tube was charged with 4-bromopyrazole (4.000 g, 27.2 mmol), 1-iodobenzene (3.64 ml, 32.7 mmol), (+/-)-trans-l,2-diaminocyclohexane (0.654 ml, 5.44 mmol), Copper iodide (I) (0.518 g, 2.72 mmol), potassium carbonate (8.28 g, 59.9 mmol) and 13 mL dioxane added. The mixture was blanketed with N2, the vessel sealed and heated to 100 C for 16 h. The mixture was allowed to cool to rt, diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, and an emullsion formed. The organic layer separated and the aqueous emulsion mixture was filter through a pad of celite and rinsed with EtOAc, and sat. NaHCO3. The combined organig layers were dried over Na2SO4. filtered and evaporate. The mixture was purified via flash chromatography using a 0 % to 100 % CH2Cl2 in hexanes gradient. The title compound was collected as a yellow solid (3.18 g)
l-phenyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole.
The title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo- 1 -phenyl- lH-pyrazole.
4-bromo-l-(tetrahvdrofuran-3-yl)-lH-pyrazole
The title compound was prepared in the same manner as 4-bromo- l-(cyclobutyl)- IH- pyrazole, but using tetrahydrofuran-3-yl methanesulfonate (prepared according to procedures known in the art).
l-(tetrahvdrofuran-3-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3<2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole.
The title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo- 1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)- IH- pyrazole.
4-f4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaboroian-2-yl) -l-cvclopropyl-lH-pyrazole a) 1 -cvclopropyl- 1 H-pyrazole . In a 1000 mL 3 -neck flask, to a mixture of potassium hydroxide (104 g, 1857 mmol) in water (200 mL) was added cyclopropylamine (131 ml, 1857 mmol) and the mixture stirred at 50 C. A solution of hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOS)(30.00 g, 265 mmol) in 100 mL water was added dropwise resulting in the formation of a white precipitate after the first few drops. The stirring stopped during the first half of the addition and some cyclopropylamine condensed on top of the HOS soln. Additional amine (10 mL) was added to the reaction and addition of HOS solution continuted. Mixture bubbles during the addition. The flask was remove from heat and cool in ice bath to 25 C. HCl (cone) was added slowly, 150-200 mL, to achieve PH 3. The mixture was filtered to remove the white solid and the filtrate heated with 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (43.7 ml, 265 mmol). The mixture took 1.5 h to reach 90 C, maintained the temperature at 90 for 1 h, then allowed the mixture to cool to 40 C with stirring for an additional 17 h. The mixture was allowed to cool to -35 C and extracted with Et2O (400 mL then 2 xlOO mL), the combined organic layers were with water, 6N NaOK 2N NaOH, then sat NaHCO3, and the organic layer dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporate gently. Upon evaporation, when volume is reduced from ~600 mL to ~100 mL, the white solid that has precipitated was filtered. The title compound was obtained as a golden liquid (~ 2g).
b) 4-bromo- 1 -cvcloprop yl- 1 H-p yrazole. To a golden solution of 1-cyclopropyl-lH-pyrazole (2.360 g, 22 mmol) in 100 mL chloroform, was added bromine (1.2 ml, 24 mmol) as a soln in 100 mL CHCl3 dropwise over 1.5 h. the mixture was heated in oil bath to 60 C for 2 h. The mixture was allowed to cool to RT, washed with sat NaHCO3, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to afford the title compound as a tan liquid (3.64 g).
c) 4-(4A5.5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) -1-cvclopropyl-l H-p yrazole. The title compound was prepared in the same manner as l-ethyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole starting with 4-bromo- 1-cyclopropyl-lH-pyrazole.
Figure imgf000128_0001
tert-butyl (6-chIoro-[l,2,41triazolo|4,3-blpyridazin-3-v.)methylcarbamate .
A 2-L round bottom flask flask equipped with a magnetic stirbar was charged with di(lH- imidazol-l-yl)methanone (121 g, 749 mmol) and acetonitrile (500 mL). The stirred slurry was cooled by immersing the flask in an ice bath. A solution of N-Boc glycine (125 g, 714 mmol) in acetonitrile (500 mL) was added via a 500-mL addition funnel over the course of 30-45 min. The mixture was aged for 1 h while a 5 -L, 3 -neck, round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical overhead stirrer and a thermocouple w/adapter was charged with 1 -(6- chloropyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine (108 g, 749 mmol) and acetonitrile (900 mL) and cooled to <5 deg C in an ice bath. The cold solution of the acylimidazole was then transferred via a polyethylene cannula into the thick suspension of the hydrazine over a period of 30-45 min). The ice bath was removed, and the mixture was allowed to warm. After 2.5 h of stirring, 4- methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate (143 g, 749 mmol) was added. The flask was then equipped with a heating mantle and a reflux condenser and was heated to reflux (82 deg C) for 13 h, then cooled back to about 60 deg C. At this point, the warm solution was vacuum filtered through paper. The brown filtrate was then concentrated by rotary evaporation. The resulting thick yellow-brown slurry was stirred in an ice bath and diluted with ACN (about 100 mL). After stirring for 1 h, the solids were isolated by vacuum filtration, washed with ice-cold 1 : 1 ACN/H2O (2x150 mL) and air-dried on the filter until a freely flowing solid was obtained (159 g, 78.5% yield).
General Method K
Figure imgf000129_0001
Example 475
6-(Difluoro(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-l H-pyrazol-4- vO- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3- yl)methyl)quinoline.
To a stirring suspension of l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (190 mg, 917 μmol), methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetate (218 mg, 917 μmol), triphenylphosphine polymer supported (241 mg, 917 μmol), DIEA (200 μl, 1146 μmol) in DCM (4mL) was added 2,2,2-trichloroacetonitrile (92 μl, 917 μmol). The reaction vessel was then appropriately sealed and heated to 150 °C with microwaves for 15 min. The reaction was then concentrated onto dry silica under reduced pressure and product purified on silica (40 g) eluting with 1-4% of 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM. The product was then further purified by RP- HPLC eluting with water/ACN (0.1% TFA). Collected fractions concentrated under reduced pressure, dissolved in MeOH/DCM (5mL) and stirred with Si-Carbonated (300 mg; 0.2 mmol) for 30 min at 23 °C. Solids were then removed by filtration, and washed with MeOH (3xlmL). The filtrate was then concentrated under reduced pressure, and product isolated as an off white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 395 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C20Hi3F3N6: 394.
General Method L
Figure imgf000130_0001
Figure imgf000130_0002
2,2-Difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide
A solution methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetate (400 mg, 1686 μmol) and anhydrous hydrazine (2153 μl, 67453 μmol) in MeOH (4 mL) was stirred for 1 h at 23 °C. The solvents were then removed under reduced pressure to provide product as a white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 238 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for CnH9F2N3O: 237.
Figure imgf000131_0001
Example 476 6-((6-chloro-fl,2,4]triazolo|4,3-blpyridazin-3-yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline A suspension of 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetohydrazide (2000 mg, 8432 μmol) and 3,6- dichloropyridazine (3768 mg, 25295 μmol) in 1.25 M HCl in MeOH (20 mL) was heated to 90 °C with microwaves for 50 min. The solvents were then removed under reduced pressure and residue partitioned between 9:1 CHC13/IPA (60 mL) and 1 M NaOH (20 mL). The organic phase then dried over MgSO4, concnetrated, then purified on silica (120 g) eluting with 1>2.5% of 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM to provide product isolated as a dark tan soild. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 332 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for Ci5H8ClF2N5: 331.
Figure imgf000131_0002
Figure imgf000132_0002
Figure imgf000132_0001
terf-Butyl 4-f4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-vnphenethylcarbamate
A suspension of tert-butyl 4-bromophenethylcarbamate (2700 mg, 8994 μmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (2284 mg, 8994 μmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (2284 mg, 8994 μmol), potassium acetate (1765 mg, 17989 μmol) in dioxane (12mL) was sparged with argon for 5 min then heated to 120 °C in an appropriately sealed vessel for 1 h. The reaction was then partitioned between ether (50 mL) and 5% NaHCO3 (25 mL). The organic phase was then dried over MgSO4, concentrated, then purified on silica (120 g) eluting with 10>30% EtOAc/Hexanes. The product tert-butyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)phenethylcarbamate (2200 mg, 70% yield) was isolated as a white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 292 (MH+1-56). Calc'd exact mass for Ci9H30BNO4: 347.
Figure imgf000133_0001
Example 484
2-(4-(3-CDifluoro(q uinolin-6-vDmethvD- [1,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bi pyridazin-6- yl)phenyl)ethanamine a) fert-Butyl 2-(4-('3-(difluoro('quinolin-6-yl)methyl)-ri,2,41triazolor4.3-blpyridazin-6- yOphenyPethylcarbamate. A suspension of 6-((6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)difluoromethyl)quinoline (350 mg, 1055 μmol), tert-butyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenethylcarbamate (733 mg, 2110 μmol), 1,1 '-bis (diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladiurn(ii)dichloride dichloromethane complex (77 mg, 106 μmol), Na2CO3 (447 mg, 4221 μmol) in DME (4mL) and water (2mL) was sparged with argon for 5 min then heated to 85 °C in an appropriately sealed vessel for 4 h. The reaction was then partitioned between DCM (30 mL) and 1 M NaOH (10 mL). The organic phase was then dried over MgSO4, concentrated, then purified on silica (40 g) eluting with 1>4% of 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM. The product was isolated as an off white solid.
b) 2-(4-(3-(Difluoro(quinolin-6-yπmethyl)-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-blpyridazin-6- yPphenvDethan amine. A solution of tert-butyl 2-(4-(3-(difluoro(quinolin-6-yl)methyl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)phenyl)ethylcarbamate (70 mg, 136 μmol) in DCM (1 mL) and TFA (1 mL) was stirred for 30 min at 23 °C. The solvents were then removed under reduced pressure and crude product purified by RP-HPLC eluting with water/ACN (0.1 %
TFA). The desired collected fractions were then concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue dissolved in MeOH/DCM (5 mL). Solution was then stirred as a suspension with Si-Carbonated (300 mg; 0.2 mmol) for 30 min at 23 0C. The solids were then removed by filtration, washed with MeOH (3xlmL), and filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was isolated as a white fluffy solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 417 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C23HisF2N6: 416. General Method M
C-TU -SL2-5- x J-Vc ΪSS5S?*
Figure imgf000134_0001
Figure imgf000134_0002
N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanehydrazide To a stirring solution of 2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanoic acid (3260 mg, 16201 μmol) and DIEA (2830 μl, 16201 μmol) in DMF (25 mL) was added o-(7-azabenzotriazol-l-yl)-n,n,n',n- tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate (6160 mg, 16201 μmol) whole at 23 °C under nitrogen. The solution was stirred for 60 min, cooled to 0°C, then added 1 -(6-chloropyridazin- 3-yl)hydrazine (2342 mg, 16201 μmol). After 20 h stirring at 23 0C, the reaction was then partitioned between 9: 1 CHC13/IPA (100 mL) and 5% NaHCO3 (50 mL). The organic phase was then dried over MgSO4, concentrated to an oil, then purifed on silica (120 g) eluting with 0>10% of 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM. The product was isolated as an off white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 328 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for Ci6Hi4ClN5O: 327.
Figure imgf000135_0001
6-(l-(6-chloro-H,2,41triazolo[4,3-blpyridazin-3-yl)ethvI)quinoline.
A solution of N'-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-2-(quinolin-6-yl)propanehydrazide (2700 mg, 8238 μmol) in TFA (.20 mL) was heated to 120 0C with microwaves (2 bar; 10 watts) for 40 min. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure then partitioned between 9:1 CHC13/IPA (75 mL) and 1 M NaOH (100 mL). The aqueous layer was further extracted with 9:1 CHC13/IPA (2x20 mL). The combined organics were dried over MgSO4 then concentrated to an amber oil under reduced pressure. The product was isolated as off white crystaline solid from ACN. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 310 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for Ci6Hi2ClN5: 309. Enantiomer resolved with: Chiralpak AD-H (3x25cm) column using 45% ethanol (0.1% DEA)/CO2
The following compounds were prepared using same method as tert-Buty\ 2-(4-(3- (difluoro(quinolin-6-yl)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-6-yl)phenyl)ethylcarbamate and resolved from racemic mixtures:
Figure imgf000135_0002
Figure imgf000136_0002
Figure imgf000136_0001
Example 491 6-(difluoro(6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3- vDmethyDquinoline
A suspension of l-(6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine hydrochloride (200 mg, 879 μmol) and methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetate (208 mg, 879 μmol) in 5 M HCl (1 mL) was appropriately sealed and heated to 150 °C with microwaves for 4 h. The reaction was then quenched by a dropwise into cold 5 M NaOH (2 mL) and aqueous extracted with CHC13/IPA (25 mL). The organic phase was then dried over MgSO4, concentrated, and purified with silica (40 g) eluting with 1>5% 2 M NH3 in MeOH/DCM. The product was then further purified on RP-HPLC eluting with water/ ACN (0.1% TFA). Combined fractions concentrated, dissolved in DCM (5 mL) and MeOH (5 mL), then stirred with Si-Carbonate (0.5 g; 35 mmol) for 1 h. Si-Carbonate removed by filtration and filtrated concentrated with <0.5 mL remaining with product isolated by trituration. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 379 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for Ci9Hi2F2N6O: 378.
Figure imgf000137_0001
3-chloro-6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridazine
To a solution of 5-bromo-3-methylisothiazole (2.42 g, 14 mmol) in 20 mL of THF at -45 °C was added isopropylmagnesium chloride (19 ml, 19 mmol) in THF (1 M). After 20 minutes, zinc(II) chloride (41 ml, 20 mmol) in THF (0.5 M) was added and the solution was warmed up to rt. 3,6-dichloropyridazine (2.4 g, 16 mmol), 3,6-dichloropyridazine (2.4 g, 16 mmol) and Q- Phos (2.5 g) were added and the reaction was heated to 50 °C for 16 hours. The reaction was then cooled to 23 °C and quenched with 60 mL of satd. NH4Cl aq. solution. The mixture was mixed with celite and 100 mL of EtOAc. The insoluble material was removed by filtration. The filtrate was diluted with 40 mL of EtOAc and 30 mL of water. The organic phase was separated and washed with 60 mL of brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by a silica gel column chromatography (10% to 80% hex/EtOAc) to afford red solid as desired product. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 212 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C8H6ClN3S: 211.
Figure imgf000137_0002
l-(6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-vDpyridazin-3-vDhydrazine A mixture of 3-chloro-6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridazine (0.85 g, 4.0 mmol) and anhydrous hydrazine (3.8 ml, 120 mmol) in 30 mL of sec-BuOH was heated at 130 °C for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to 23 °C and diluted with 5 mL of water. The solid was collected by filtration and was washed by 2 mL of water to produce a yellow solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 208 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C8H6ClN3S: 207.
Figure imgf000138_0001
Example 492
6-(difluoro(6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)- [1,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3- vDmethvDquinoline
A mixture of methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(quinolin-6-yl)acetate (0.50 g, 2.1 mmol), l-(6-(3- methylisothiazol-5-yl)pyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine (0.25 g, 1.2 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.40 g, 2.1 mmol) in 5 mL of dioxane was heated at 150 0C for 1 hour in a microwave. The mixture was then diluted with 70 mL of EtOAc and 40 mL of satd. NaHCO3 solution. The organic phase was separated and washed with 40 mL of brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by a silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc to 10% MeOH/EtOAc) to give yellow glass. The product was further purified by a prep-HPLC to give yellow glass. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 395 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for CIgHi2F2N6S: 394.
Figure imgf000138_0002
Example 493
6-(l-(6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-vπ-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-blpyridazin-3-vπethvπquinoline
To a solution of 5-bromo-3-methylisothiazole (1.00 g, 5.6 mmol) in 10 mL of THF at -45 0C (CH3CN/dry ice) was added isopropylmagnesium chloride LiCl complex (7.9 ml, 7.9 mmol) (LiCl complex, 1 M in THF). The mixture was stirred at -45 0C for 20 minutes and to this was added zinc chloride, 0.5 M in THF (17 ml, 8.4 mmol) slowly via a syringe. The mixture was then warmed up to rt and continued to stir for additional 30 minutes. 6-(l-(6-chloro- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)ethyl)quinoline (0.5787 g, 1.9 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.51 g, 0.56 mmol) and Q-Phos (0.65 g) in 15 mL of N,N-dimethyl acetamide was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction was warmed up to 50 0C for 6 hours and was quenched with 50 mL of satd. NH4Cl aq. solution. The mixture was extracted with 150 mL of EtOAc and the organic phase was washed with 60 mL of brine. The aqueous phases were further extracted with 100 mL EtOAc. The combined organics were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by a silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc to 15% MeOH in EtOAc) to give afford a red solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 373 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C20Hi6N6S: 372.
Figure imgf000139_0001
Example 494 3-methyl-6-((6-phenyl-[l,2,41triazolof4,3-blpyridazin-3-yl)methyl')quinoxalin-2(lH)-one (See Example 495)
Figure imgf000139_0002
Example 495 3-methyl-7-((6-phenyl- 11 ,2,41 triazolo f4,3-bl pyridazin-3-vDmeth yl)q uinoxalin-2(l H)-one.
A mixture of tert-butyl 2-(2-methyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-6-yl)acetate (0.10 g, 0.36 mmol), tert-butyl 2-(3-methyl-2-oxo-l ,2-dihydroquinoxalin-6-yl)acetate (0.10 g, 0.36 mmol), l-(6-phenylpyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine (0.081 g, 0.44 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.069 g, 0.36 mmol) in 3 mL of dioxane was heated with microwave at 150 0C for 1 hour. The mixture was diluted with 70 mL of EtOAc and 40 mL of satd. NaHCO3 solution. The organic phase was separated and was washed with 40 mL of brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC to resolve the regiostereomers as example compounds 494 and 495. For each regiosteroemer MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 369 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C2]H16N6O: 368.
Figure imgf000140_0001
tert-butyl 2-(3-methyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroq uinazoIin-6-yl)acetate
To a solution of 6-bromo-3-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (0.485 g, 2.0 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.19 g, 0.20 mmol) and Q-phos (0.20 g) in 40 mL of THF was added 2-tert-butoxy-2-oxoethylzinc chloride 0.5 M in diethyl ether (8.1 ml, 4.1 mmol). The reaction was heated at 50 0C for 16 hours and was quenched with 40 mL of satd. NH4Cl. The mixture was diluted with 60 mL of EtOAc. The organic phase was separated, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to give red solid. The residue was purified by a silica gel column chromatography (5% EtOAc/Hex to EtOAC) to provide a red solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 275 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C15Hi8N2O3: 274.
Figure imgf000140_0002
Example 496 3-Methyl-6-((6-phenvI-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-b1pyridazin-3-vI)methvI)quinazoIin-4(3H)-one: The title compound was prepared using the method for 3-methyl-6-((6-phenyl-
[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)quinoxalin-2(lH)-one. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 369 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C2iHi6N6O: 368.
Figure imgf000140_0003
(ό-fS-cvclopropylisoxazol-S-ylHl.Z^itriazoIorø.S-blpyridazinO-vDmethanamine
Figure imgf000141_0001
1) tert-butyl (6-vinyl-[l,2Λ1triazolo[43-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate. To an argon purged flask were added 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-vinyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane (7.65 ml, 45.1 mmol), tert-butyl (6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (3.20 g, 1 1.3 mmol), cesium carbonate (11.0 g, 33.8 mmol), and PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 (0.461 g, 0.564 mmol). The mixture was dissolved in 38 mL of dioxane and 4 mL of water (0.25M 10:1) and was heated to 80 °C for 12 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated, and purified directly via MPLC (DCM/MeOH+l%NH4OH)to afford the title compound (3.0 g, 95% yield).
Figure imgf000141_0002
2) tert-butyl (6-formyl-[l,2,4]triazolo[4.3-blpyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate. Tert-butyl (6- vinyl-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (485 mg, 1.76 mmol) was dissolved in 5 mL of THF and 5 mL of water then osmium tetroxide (0.687 mL (4% water solution), 0.0176 mmol) was added and stirred for 5 min. Sodium periodate was added (141, 3.53 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 2 h. The reaction was then extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 10 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. Purification via MPLC (DCM/MeOH+l%NH4OH) afforded title compound as a tan solid (350 mg, 72% yield).
Figure imgf000141_0003
3) (EVtert-butyl (6-((hvdroxyimino)methyl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo|"4,3-blpyridazin-3- vPmethylcarbamate. Tert-butyl (6-formyl-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylcarbamate (400 mg, 1.44 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (200 mg, 2.86 mmol) were combined in a flask with 25 mL of THF and 25 mL of 1 N NaOH solution. Stirred at rt for 1 h. Then added dichloromethane (50 mL) and extracted the aqueous layer 3 times with DCM (50 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. Purified the oxime via MPLC (DCMTMeOH+ 1%NH4OH) to give title compound (200 mg, 47% yield) as a tan solid.
Figure imgf000142_0001
4) (Z)-tert-butyl (6-(chloro(hydroxyimino)methyl)-[l ,2,41triazolo['4,3-b1pyridazin-3- yPmethylcarbamate. Dissolved (E)-tert-butyl (6-((hydroxyimino)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (200 mg, 0.684 mmol) in 25 mL of DMF and added 1- chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione (95.9 mg, 0.718 mmol). Let stir at rt for 2 h. Poured reaction mixture onto water (20 mL) and extracted with ether (3 x 20 mL). Washed organics with water (2 x 20 mL), brine (1 x 20 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. Title compound used without further purification (220 mg, 97% yield).
Figure imgf000142_0002
5) (6-(5-cyclopropylisoxazol-3-yl)-[l,2,41tria2olof4,3-blpyrida2in-3-yl)methanamine.
Dissolved (Z)-tert-butyl (6-(chloro(hydroxyimino)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylcarbamate (110 mg, 337 μmol), ethynyl cyclopropane (28 μl, 337 μmol), and potassium hydrogencarbonate (67.4 mg, 673 μmol) in 0.3 mL of EtOAc and heated to 60 0C for 12 h to afford the protected intermediate. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation and the residue was redissolved in dicholoromethane (5 mL) and TFA (2 mL) and stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The solvent was then removed and the residue was redissolved in MeOH. Solid K2CO3 was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 h to free base the title compound. Purified the amine via MPLC (DCM/MeOH+l%NH4OH) to afford the title compound(20 mg, 23% yield).
Figure imgf000142_0003
tert-butyl 4-(8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-yl)-4-hydroxypiperidine-l-carboxylate.
Dissolved 3-bromo-8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridine (210 mg, 862 μmol) in 8 mL of THF and cooled to -78 0C. Then added butyllithium (517 μl, 1294 μmol) and stirred for 15 min. Added tert-butyl 4-oxopiperidine-l-carboxylate (258 mg, 1294 μmol) and let warm to room temperature over 1 h. The reaction was quenched with saturated NH4Cl and extracted with dichloromethane (3 X 20 mL), dried over NaSO4 and concentrated. Intermediate was purified via MPLC (DCM/MeOH/NHOH) to yield tert-butyl 4-(8-chloro-l,5-naphthyridin-3-yl)-4- hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (120 mg, 38% yield.
Figure imgf000143_0001
Example 497
4-(8-((6-(3,5-difluorophenvπ- [ 1,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3-vDmeth ylamino)-! ,5- naphthyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4-ol. Deprotection of tert-butyl 4-(8-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylamino)-l,5-naphthyridin-3-yl)-4-hydroxypiperidine-l-carboxylate using the method described for (6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methanamine. M/Z = 489.2 [M+H], calc 488.19 for C25H22F2N8O.
Figure imgf000143_0002
Example 498
N-((6-(3,5-difluorophenvn-[l,2,41triazolof4.3-blpyridazin-3-vnmethvn-7-(4- fluoropiperidin-4-yl)-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amϊne.
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(8-((6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylamino)-l ,5-naphthyridin-3-yl)-4-hydroxypiperidine-l-carboxylate (30 mg, 51 μmol) in 0.5 mL of DCM was cooled to -78 C. Then added DAST (13 μl, 102 μmol) and let stir to room temperature over 30 min. TFA was then added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 30 min. The solvent was then removed by rotary evaporation and the residue was redissolved in MeOH and free based through a cation exchange column. Purification via MPLC (DCM/MeOH+l%NH4OH) yielded the title compound (15 mg, 60% yield). M/Z = 491.2 [M+H], calc 490.18 for C25H2iF3N8.
Figure imgf000144_0001
Example 499
6-((6-chloro-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-blpyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methoxyquinoline
To a 5 ml CEM microwave tube was added tert-butyl 2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetate (0.05 g, 0.2 mmol) , l-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine (0.04 g, 0.3 mmol), water (0.5 mL) and hydrochloric acid (0.05 ml, 0.5 mmol). The vial was sealed and first heated at 90 °C for 30 min then placed into CEM microwave for 10 min. at 100 °C, with 100 Watts of power via
Powermax. The reaction mixture was adjusted the pH to 7 by adding 5 N NaOH - brown ppt. was generated. The brown ppt. was dissolved in DCM. The organic was washed with water, dried over MgSO4, and removed solvent in vacuo. The crude product was purified using SiO2 chromatography (Teledyne Isco RediSep®, P/N 68-2203-026, 12 g SiO2, DCM:EtOAc:MeOH=75%:20%:5%, Flow = 30 mL/min). A peak at 25 min was collected. The solvent was removed in vacuo to afford the desired product as light yellowish solid. Wt: 20.0 mg. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 326.53. Calc'd exact mass for Ci6Hi2ClN5O: 325.75.
Figure imgf000144_0002
(R/S>tert-butyl (6-(l-hydroxy ethyl)- [ 1 ,2,4] triazolo [4,3-b] py ridazin-3-yl)methy lcar bamate
In a 10 mL round bottom flask under N2 was dissolved tert-butyl (6-formyl-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (200 mg, 721 μmol) in 3 mL of THF then cooled at -78 0C and treated with methylmagnesium bromide (721 μl, 2164 μmol). After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was warmed to 0 0C over Ih. After Ih the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was neutralized with NH4Cl (sat.). The aqueous phase was extracted 3X with DCM then the organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude tert-butyl (6-(l-hydroxyethyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (202 mg, 95.5% yield) was used without further purification in the next step. MS m/z = 294.4 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci3H19N5O3: 293.3.
Figure imgf000145_0001
Example 500 N-ffό-chloro-H.Z^ltriazoloN.S-blpyridazin-S-vDmethvD-T-methoxyquinolin^-amine.
Figure imgf000145_0002
a) 2-(7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-ylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride. In a 100 mL round bottom flask were dissolved 8-chloro-3-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridine (5.00 g, 25.7 mmol) and glycine tert-butyl ester hydrochloride (17.2 g, 103 mmol) in 50 mL of 2-BuOH then stirred and heated at 100 0C. After 5h the solvent based on LC-MS was removed by reduced pressure and then the solid was dissolved in 200 mL of HCl IN and stirred at 60 0C overnight. After 1Oh the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was cooled down to rt then O0C and the desired acid precipitate. Filtered the solid (3.97 g) then evaporated the aqueous solution and triturated in 75 mL Of H2O at 0 0C then filter again and washed with 25 mL OfH2O at 0 0C (1.58 g) to afforded total 2-(7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-ylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride (5.55 g, 80.1% yield) as a tan solid. MS m/z = 234.1 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C, 1HnN3O3: 233.1.
b) N-((6-chloro-[l ,2,4]triazolo|"4,3-b1pyridazin-3-yl)methyD-7-methoxy-l ,5-naphthyridin-4- amine . In a 250 mL round bottom flask under N2 were dissolved HATU (1762 mg, 4635 μmol), l-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)hydrazine (536 mg, 3708 μmol), 2-(7-methoxy-l,5- naphthyridin-4-ylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride (1.00 g, 3708 μmol) in 25 mL of MeCN then stirred and cooled down at -40 0C then treated with TRIETHYLAMINE (2584 μl, 18540 μmol) and warmed to rt. After 30 min the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was evaporated under reduced pressure and dry under high vacuum. The crude solid was dissolved in 100 mL of i-PrOH then treated with Ts-OH (2821 mg, 14832 μmol) and heated at 80 0C. After 3h the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was diluted with DCM then neutralized with NaOH (IN). The aqueous phase was extracted 3X with DCM with 10% MeOH then the organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude mixture was triturated with hot i-PrOH then cooled down and filtered (662 mg) and the mother liquor was evaporated under reduced pressure and purified by MPLC (ISCO) (210 mg) with DCM:MeOH 100:0 to 90:10 to afforded in combined yields N-((6-chloro-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methyl)-7-methoxy-l,5-naphthyridin-4-amine (872 mg, 69% yield) as a off-white solid. MS m/z = 342.1 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C15Hi2ClN7O: 341.7.
Figure imgf000146_0001
tert-Butyl (6-carbamoyl- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate a) 3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)methyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-blpyridazine-6-carboxylic acid. In a 25 mL round bottom flask were dissolved 2-methyl-2-butene (21639 μl, 43278 μmol), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2356 mg, 17311 μmol) and tert-butyl (6-formyl-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3- b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate (600 mg, 2164 μmol) in 5 mL of t-BuOH and 5 mL of water then was added at 0 0C sodium chlorite (783 mg, 8656 μmol) and the reaction mixture was warmed to rt. After 1 Oh the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude acid was extract from the solid salts mixture with MeOH, filtered and the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude 3-((tert- butoxycarbonyl)methyl)-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine-6-carboxylic acid (635 mg, 100% yield) was used without further purification in the next step. MS m/z = 294.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C12H15N5O4: 293.1
b) tert-butyl (6-carbamoyl-|"l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b1pyridazin-3-vπmethylcarbamate. In a 1O mL round bottom flask under N2 were dissolved 3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)methyl)- [l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine-6-carboxylic acid (250 mg, 852 μmol), HATU (389 mg, 1023 μmol), triethylamine (356 μl, 2557 μmol) in 1.5 mL of DMF then was treated with a (92 μl, 4262 μmol) and stirred at rt. After 2h the reaction mixture based on LC-MS was concentrated under reduced pressure and then purified by MPLC (ISCO) with DCM:MeOH+NH4OH (1%) 100:0 to 90: 10 to afforded tert-butyl (6-carbamoyl-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methylcarbamate (129 mg, 52% yield). MS m/z = 293.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci2Hi6N6O3: 292.3.
3-(aminomethyl)-N-methyl- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-bl pyridazine-6-carboxainide. The title compound was made using the same conditions as tert-butyl (6-carbamoyl- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methylcarbamate.
Figure imgf000147_0001
Example 501 β-CCό-chloro-S-fluoro- [1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3- vDmeth vD-3-methoxyq uinoline a) l-(5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine. A mixture of 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (10.0 g, 66.9 mmol) and hydrazine (10.0 ml, 319 mmol) in 'PrOH (50 niL) was heated to 65 - 70 0C for 6 hours. The mixture was cooled to 23 °C, filtered, and washed with Na2CO3 (satd), and H2O. Product isolated as a white solid. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 162 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for C5H5ClFN3 : 161.
b) 6-((6-chloro-8-fluoro-[l ,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methoxyquinolin. To a mixture of 2-(3-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)acetic acid (0.22 g, 1.0 mmol), l-(5-chloro-3- fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (0.11 g, 0.68 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.97 g, 2.0 mmol) (on solid support) in DCM (5 mL) was added DIEA (0.24 ml, 1.4 mmol) followed by 2,2,2- trichloroacetonitrile (0.14 ml, 1.4 mmol) via a syringe. The mixture was then heated to 150 °C for 15 minutes in an appropriately sealed vial. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with 50 mL of EtOAc. The solution was washed with 30 mL of satd. NaHCO3 followed by 30 mL of brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by a silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc to 10% MeOH/EtOAc) to give light yellow solid as desired product. MS (ESI pos. ion) m/z: 343 (MH+). Calc'd exact mass for Ci7Hi2ClFN4O: 342.
Figure imgf000148_0001
Example 502
3-Methoxy-6-( (6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)- 11 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-b I pyridazin-3- yl)methyl)quinoline A flask charged with 5-bromo-3-methylisothiazole (0.049 g, 0.28 mmol) and 0.3 mL dry THF was cooled to 0 °C, and isopropylmagnesium chloride (0.30 ml, 0.30 mmol) added dropwise over 5 minutes and the mixture stirred an additional 5 minutes before allowing to warm to rt. The mixture was stirred at rt 10 minutes and the mixture cannulated to a solution of zinc(II) chloride {0.30 ml, 0.30 mmol) [IM] and the slurry stirred 10 minutes. The zincate was treated with 6-((6-iodo-[l ,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-3-methoxyquinoline (0.0890 g, 0.21 mmol), 1 mL dry THF, and a preformed solution of 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9- dimethyl-9H-xanthene (0.012 g, 0.021 mmol) and Pd(OAc)2 (0.0024 g, 0.011 mmol) dissolved in 1 mL dry THF. The flask was fitted with a reflux condenser and heated with a 90 °C oil bath for 24 h. The zincate portion of this procedure was repeated, added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture heated at 90 °C for 1 h. The mixture was allowed to cool to rt and loaded onto 10 g Of SiO2 wet-packed with THF, and eluted with 200 mL THF. The eluents were concentrated in vacuo, and taken up in 5 mL EtOH. To the solution was added Si- sulfonic acid (1.5 g, 1.1 mmol) and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 24 h, and the solid collected. The solid was washed with EtOH (discarded), and then 2M NH3 in EtOH (5 x 5 mL). The ammoniacal eluents were concentrated and the residue purified by HPLC to afford 3-methoxy-6-((6-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3- yl)methyl)quinoline (0.0013 g, 1.6% yield).
General Method N.
Figure imgf000148_0002
Figure imgf000149_0001
Example 503
(R)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-H.2.41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-vnethylV l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Figure imgf000149_0002
1. ethyl 2-(5-oxo-l<6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yr)aeetate. l,6-naphthyridin-5-ol (1.00 g, 6.8 mmol), ethyl iodoacetate (1.6 ml, 14 mmol) and cesium carbonate (4.5 g, 14 mmol) were dissolved in 25 mL of THF then stirred and heated at 100 0C for 2h until the reaction was complete. The reaction was concentrated and purified via MPLC using a gradient to 90% DCM : 10% MeOH to afford ethyl 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)acetate (1.5 g, 94% yield).
Figure imgf000149_0003
2. 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoie acid hydrochloride.
2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)acetate (32.0 g) was dissolved in 450 mL of a 6 N HCl solution, then stirred and heated at 100 0C for 1 hr until the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and azeotroped 3 times with benzene (200 mL) to remove the water. The crude 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (30.56 g, 92.3% yield) was used without further purification.
Figure imgf000149_0004
3. N'-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazoI-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin- 6(5H)-vDpropanehydrazide.
HATU (1053 mg, 2.7 mmol), 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (470 mg, 1.8 mmol) and l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2- yl)hydrazine (421 mg, 2 mmol) (step 1 of General Method K) were taken up in 6 mL of acetonitrile. DIPEA (967 μl, 5.5 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes, until reaction was complete. The crude material was concentrated and then purified via MPLC with a gradient 100% DCM to 90% DCM / 10% MeOH / 1% NH4OH) to yield N'-(3-fluoro-5- (l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanehydrazide (500 mg, 67% yield).
Figure imgf000150_0001
4. (R)-6-fl-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-[l,2.41triazolo|4.3-a1pyridin-3- yI)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
N'-(3-fluoro-5-(l -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(5-oxo- 1 , 6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanehydrazide (400 mg, 982 μmol) and triphenylphosphine (386 mg, 1.4 mmol) were taken up in THF (9.8 mL). TMS-azide (195 μl, 1.4 mmol) was added, followed by slow addition of DEAD (233 μl, 1.4 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr until complete. The reaction was concentrated and purified via MPLC with a gradient 100 % DCM to 90% DCM / 10% MeOH / 1% NH4OH to yield racemic 6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (220 mg, 57% yield) as a tan solid. Separated by preperative SFC (ChiralPak® OJ-H, (20 x 150 mm, 5 Dm), 20% MeOH, 80% CO2, 0.2% DEA; 100 bar system pressure; 70 mL/min; tr : 3.5 min) to yield (R)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (60 mg, 15% yield). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z = 390.2 [M+H], calc 389.14 for C20H16FN7O. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-^) D ppm 2.16 (d, J=5.18 Hz, 3 H) 3.97 (s, 3 H) 6.82 (d, J=6.55 Hz, 1 H) 7.01 - 7.13 (m, 2 H) 7.41 - 7.49 (m, 1 H) 7.54 (d, J=6.26 Hz, 1 H) 7.61 (s, 1 H) 7.71 (s, 1 H) 8.33 (s, 1 H) 8.78 (d, J=7.73 Hz, 1 H) 8.93 (s, 1 H).
Figure imgf000151_0001
Example 504
(S)-6-fl-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyra2ol-4-vn-n.2.41triazolor4.3-alpyridin-3-vnethvn-
1 ,6-naphthyridin-5(6HD-one
The title compound was synthesized in the same general manner as that previously described for example 503. Seperated by preperative SFC (ChiralPak® OJ-H, (20 x 150 mm, 5 Dm), 20% MeOH, 80% CO2, 0.2% DEA; 100 bar system pressure; 70 mL/min; tr : 4.3 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS mix = 390.2 [M+H], calc 389.14 for C20Hi6FN7O.
Figure imgf000151_0002
Example 505
(R)-6-(l-(6-(5-chloropyridin-2-vn-8-nuoro-[l,2,41triazoIo[4.3-alpyridin-3-vnethvn-1.6- naphthvridin-5(6H)-one
Figure imgf000151_0003
1. l-CS-CS-chloropyridin^-vD-S-fluoropyridin^-vOhydrazine
Figure imgf000151_0004
a. 2,3-difluoro-5-(4,4,5t5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-vDpyridine. A 350 mL resealable pressure vial was charged with 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (5.0 g, 33 mmol), pinacol diborane (13 g, 50 mmol), x-phos (1.9 g, 4.0 mmol), Pd2dba3 (1.8 g, 2.0 mmol), , and 1,4-dioxane (215 ml, 0.16 M), flushed with argon, sealed, then heated at 100°C for 16 hours. The mixture was concentrated and diluted with DCM (200 mL), then washed with water (50 mL). The organic layer was dried with MgSO4, filtered, then concentrated to give a brown oil. The oil was purified by MPLC, eluting with 10-60% EtOAc/Hexanes. 2,3- difluoro-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine (5.6 g, 69% yield) was isolated as a light orange oil which solidified upon standing. LC/MS shows the product as the boronic acid. However, the structure of the product is as drawn above. MS m/z = 160.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci ,HI4BF2NO2: 241.0
Figure imgf000152_0001
b. 5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-2,3-difluoropyridine.
To a pressure vessel was added 2-bromo-5-chloropyridine (3.0 g, 16 mmol), cesium carbonate (15 g, 47 mmol), 1,1 '-bis (diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(ii) dichloride dichloromethane complex (2.5 g, 3.1 mmol), and 2,3-difluoro-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine (4.5 g, 19 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (120 mL) and water (22 mL). The mixture was flushed with argon, sealed and stirred at 90°C for three hours. The mixture was concentrated, diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water. Organic extracts were concentrated and purified by MPLC (eluted with 0-10% methanol in dichloromethane) to yield 5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-2,3-difluoropyridine as a yellow solid (2.4 g, 68%). MS m/z = 227.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci0H5ClF2N2: 226.6.
Figure imgf000152_0002
c. l-(5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hvdrazine.
To a solution of 5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-2,3-difluoropyridine (2.4 g, 1 1 mmol) in IPA (35 mL, 0.3 M) at room temperature was added hydrazine (4 mL, 127 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 60°C for 2 h, at which point the reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The concentrated material was suspended in saturated NaHCO3 and filtered to obtain product as a white, fluffy solid. The material was re-suspended in water (30 mL), and filtered to obtain l-(5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (2.1 g, 83% yield). MS m/z = 239.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci0H8ClFN4: 238.6.
Figure imgf000153_0001
2. (R)-6-f l-(6-r5-chloropyridin-2-vn-8-fluoro- f 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel® OD-H (20 x 150 mm 5m), 30% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr: 4.0mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer.
MS m/z = 420.8 [M+ 1]+. Calc'd for C21H14ClFN6O: 420.8. IH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-J6) D ppm 2.01 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 3 H) 6.78 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.03 (d, J=6.94 Hz, 1 H) 7.54 (dd, J=8.07, 4.55 Hz, 1 H) 7.78 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.97 - 8.09 (m, 2 H) 8.16 (dd, J=8.56, 2.49 Hz, 1 H) 8.61 (dd, y=7.97, 1.71 Hz, 1 H) 8.70 - 8.78 (m, 1 H) 8.92 (dd, J=4.55, 1.81 Hz, 1 H) 9.03 (d, 1 H).
Figure imgf000153_0002
Example 506
(S)-6-(l-(6-(5-chloropyridin-2-vn-8-nuoro-H,2.41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-vnethyl)-1.6- naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 505 using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel® OD-H (20 x 150 mm 5m), 30% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr: 5.8 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS m/z = 420.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C2iH,4ClFN6O: 420.8.
Figure imgf000154_0001
Example 507 rR>-6-ri-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-4-vn-H.2.41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-vnethyl)- l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Figure imgf000154_0002
1. l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for l-(5-(5-chloropyridin-2- yl)-3 -fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine
Figure imgf000154_0003
2. rR)-6-(l-(8-nuoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-4-vn-[1.2.41triazolor4.3-alpyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralPak® AD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr 4.1mins).
On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z = 389.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C20H16FN7O: 389.4. IH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-J6) D ppm 1.97 (d, J=6.94 Hz, 3 H) 3.68 (s, 3 H) 6.75 (d, J=7.73 Hz, 1 H) 6.94 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1 H) 7.52 - 7.59 (m, 1 H) 7.64 (dd, J=7.78, 0.54 Hz, 1 H) 7.69 - 7.75 (m, 3 H) 8.46 (s, 1 H) 8.63 (dt, ./=8.12, 0.88 Hz, 1 H) 8.90 - 8.94 (m, 1 H)
Figure imgf000155_0001
Example 508 rS>-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-4-vn-ri,2,41triazolor4,3-a1pyridin-3-vnethvn- l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 507 using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralPak® AD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr: 5.9 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS m/z = 389.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C20H16FN7O: 389.4 .
Figure imgf000155_0002
Example 509
(RV6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-(2-hvdroxyethvn-l H-pyrazol-4-yl)- [ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3- vπethyl)-l,6-naphthvridin-5f6H)-one
Figure imgf000155_0003
1. l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-(2-(tetrahvdro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethv0-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin- 2-vDhvdrazine
Figure imgf000156_0001
a. 4-iodo-l-(2-(tetrahvdro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-lH-pyrazole.
A mixture of cesium carbonate (20.7 g, 63.4 mmol) and 4-iodopyrazole (10.00 g, 51.6 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was allowed to stir for 10 min. To the mixture was added 2-(2- bromoethoxy)tetrahydro-2h-pyran (9.98 ml, 63.4 mmol) and heated at 8O0C overnight. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc (3 x 50 mL), and subsequently washed with water (2 x 50 mL) and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The crude mixture was evaporated onto silica gel and purified via MPLC (0% to 50%; EtOAc in hexanes). Isolated 4-iodo-l-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-lH-pyrazole (15.3 g, 92%) as a clear oil. MS m/z = 323.0 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci0Hi5IN2: 322.1.
Figure imgf000156_0002
b. l-(2-(tetrahvdro-2H-pyran-2-vIoxy)ethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-vD-lH-pyrazole.
To a solution of 4-iodo-l-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-lH-pyrazole (8.7 g, 27.1 mmol) in THF (75 mL) at 00C under argon was added isopropylmagnesium chloride as a 2 M solution in THF (27.1 mL, 54.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred for Ih at O0C. To it was added 2-methoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane (6.7 mL, 40.7 mmol) and the mixture was stirred for an additional 1 h while allowing to warm to room temperature. It was then treated with saturated ammonium chloride (100 mL) solution and the product was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 100 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. Crude material was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 7.1 g (81 %) of 1 -(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan- 2-yl)-lH-pyrazole as a clear yellow oil. The material was taken on crude to the next step. MS m/z = 323.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci6H27BN2O4: 322.2
Figure imgf000156_0003
c. 23-difluoro-5-(l-(2-(tetrahvdro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethv0-lH-pyrazol-4- vDpyridine.
A 48 mL tube was charged with l-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH-pyrazole (6.4 g, 19.9 mmol), 5-chloro-2,3- difluoropyridine (1.7 mL, 16.6 mmol), X-Phos (1.6 g, 3.3 mmol), Potassium phosphate (3.5 g, 16.6 mmol), PdOAc2 (0.4 g, 1.7 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (50 mL), and water (5.0 mL), flushed with argon, sealed, then heated at 100°C for 3 hours. The mixture was concentrated and purified by MPLC, eluting with 2.5% MeOH/DCM over 40 minutes to afford 2,3-difluoro-5-(l-(2- (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridine as a clear oil which solidified upon standing at room temperature (3.1 g, 60.5% yield). LC/MS shows the product as the free alcohol. However, the structure of the product is as drawn above. MS m/z = 226.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci5HnF2N3O2: 309.3
Figure imgf000157_0001
d. l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-(2-(tetrahvdro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethvIMH-pyrazol-4- yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine.
To a solution of 2,3-difluoro-5-(l-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-lH-pyrazol-4- yl)pyridine (3.0 g, 9.5 mmol) in IPA (47.7 mL, 0.2 M) at room temperature was added hydrazine (3.6 mL, 114.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 2 h, at which point the reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The concentrated material was suspended in saturated NaHCO3 solution and filtered to obtain product as a white, fluffy solid. The material was re-suspended in water (30 mL), filtered, and driend under high vacuum to obtain l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (2.2 g, 72% yield) as an orange solid. MS m/z = 322.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C15H20FN5O2: 321.4.
Figure imgf000157_0002
2. 6-fl-(8-fluoro-6-(l-(2-(tetrahvdro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethvπ-lH-pyrazol-4-ylV [l,2,41tria2θlo[4,3-alpyridin-3-yπethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
The THP-protected compound was synthesized according to the General Method N.
Figure imgf000158_0001
3. (R)-6-(l-f8-fluoro-6-fl-(2-hvdroxyethvn-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-H,2,41triazolo[4,3- alpyridin-3-v0ethvI)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)ethyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (0.5 g, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in EtOH (12 mL) and to the solution was added hydrochloric acid (2.0 mL, 4.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at rt for 3 hours at which time it was diluted with 5 mL of water and 10 mL of aq. saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The product was extracted with DCM (3OmL) three times. The organic layers were combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to afford 6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(l-(2-hydroxyethyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)- [l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (0.4 g, 96%). Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AD-H (20 x 150 m, 5Dm), 35% EtOH, 65% CO2, 0.2 DEA; 100 bar system pressure, 50 mL/min; tr :4.4 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z = 420.2 [M+H], calc 419.15 for C2iH,8FN7O2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-*/) D ppm 2.17 (d, ./=7.14 Hz, 3 H) 4.00 - 4.09 (m, 2 H) 4.29 - 4.33 (m, 2 H) 6.91 (d, J=7.92 Hz, 1 H) 7.04 (dd, 1 H) 7.10 (dd, J=10.56, 1.17 Hz, 1 H) 7.51 (dd, 7=8.17, 4.74 Hz, 1 H) 7.59 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.72 (d, J=0.68 Hz, 1 H) 7.76 (d, J=0.78 Hz, 1 H) 8.34 (d, J=I.17 Hz, 1 H) 8.84 (dd, J=8.07, 1.22 Hz, 1 H) 8.92 (dd, J=4.74, 1.81 Hz, 1 H)
Figure imgf000159_0001
Example 510
(S)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-ri-r2-hvdroxyethvn-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-n.2.41triazolo[4.3-alpyridin-3- yl)ethvD-1.6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 509 using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AD-H (20 x 150 m, 5Dm), 35% EtOH, 65% CO2, 0.2 DEA; 100 bar system pressure, 50 mL/min; tr :6.0 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z = 420.2 [M+H], calc 419.15 for C2]H18FN7O2.
Figure imgf000159_0002
Example 511
(R)-6-fl-(8-fluoro-6-f 4-methylthiophen-2-vn- [ l ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3-vnethvn-l ,6- naphthyridin-5(6HVone
The compound was prepared according to General Method N. The hydrazine was prepared in an analogous fashion to l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 80 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure, retention time = 5.1 minutes. On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z = 406.0 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C21Hi6FN5OS : 405.5.
Figure imgf000160_0001
Example 512
(S)-6-(l-(8-nuoro-6-(4-methylthiophen-2-vn-H.2.41triazolo[4.3-alpyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6- naphthyridin-5f6H)-one
The compound was prepared according to General Method N. The hydrazine was prepared in an analogous fashion to l-(3-fluoro-5-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 80 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure, retention time = 6.1 minutes. On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS m/z = 406.0 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C2iH,6FN5OS : 405.5.
Figure imgf000160_0002
Example 513
6-(f6-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-8-fluoro-H,2,4]triazoIo[4,3-alpyridin-3-vπmethyl)-l,6- naphthyridin-5(6H")-one
The title compound was synthesized in the same general manner as that previously described for example 503 using l-(5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)hydrazine. MS m/z = 408.2 [M+H], calc 407.4for C2,Hi2F3N5O.
Figure imgf000161_0001
Example 514
(R)-6-α-(8-fluoro-6-r3-methylisoxazol-5-vn- [1.2.41 triazolo [4,3-ai pyridin-3- yl)ethvn-3-((2- methoxyethoxy)methvI)-l,6-naphthvridin-5(6ED-one
Figure imgf000161_0002
1. 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)- 1 ,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Figure imgf000161_0003
a. 2-chloro-5-hvdroxynicotinonitriIe.
In a 300 mL sealed tube under N2 were dissolved potassium acetate (20 g, 207 mmol), 5- bromo-2-chloronicotinonitrile (15 g, 69 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane (21 g, 83 mmol) and PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2 Adduct (1.7 g, 2.1 mmol) in 150 mL of p-dioxane then stirred and heated at 85 0C for 2 hrs. After completion, the reaction was cooled to 0 0C and treated with hydrogen peroxide (31.5%) (22 ml, 207 mmol) then stirred at rt for 1 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (100 mL) then water was added (200 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted 3 times with DCM (100 mL), then the organic layer was washed with saturated sodium thiosulfate solution (300 mL). The organics were then dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude 2-chloro-5-hydroxynicotinonitrile (7.5 g, 70% yield) was carried through crude to the next step.
Figure imgf000161_0004
b. 2-chloro-5-(2-methoxyethoxy)nicotinonitrile.
In a 100 mL round bottom flask under N2 were dissolved triphenylphosphine (19 g, 73 mmol), 2-chloro-5-hydroxynicotinonitrile (7.5 g, 49 mmol), and 2-methoxyethanol (5.7 ml, 73 mmol) in THF (130 mL) followed by a slow addition of DEAD (27 ml, 68 mmol), and then stirred at room temperature. After 2h the reaction showed full conversion to the desired compound. The crude mixture was purified by MPLC eluting with 100% DCM to 90% DCM: 10% MeOH to afford 2-chloro-5-(2-methoxyethoxy)nicotinonitrile (6.46 g, 63% yield) as a tan solid.
Figure imgf000162_0001
c. 5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-2-(2-(trimethylsilyl)ethvnv.)nicotinonitriIe.
In a sealed tube, dichlorobis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium (ii) (0.17 g, 0.24 mmol), trimethylacetylene (2.0 ml, 14 mmol), 2-chloro-5-(2-methoxyethoxy)nicotinonitrile (2.50 g, 12 mmol), and copper(I) iodide (0.11 g, 0.59 mmol) were dissolved in acetonitrile (0.5 M, 24 mL) and to the reaction was added triethylamine (3.3 ml, 24 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 85 0C for 12 hrs. The reaction was concentrated and purified directly via MPLC, eluting with 0-100% EtOAc in hexanes to yield 5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-2-(2- (trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)nicotinonitrile (1.9 g, 59% yield).
Figure imgf000162_0002
d. 2-ethvnyl-5-(2-methoxyethoxy)nicotinamide.
5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-2-(2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)nicotinonitrile (4.23 g, 15 mmol) was dissolved in acetone (60 mL). To the solution was added 3 M sodium carbonate (62 ml, 185 mmol) and hydrogen peroxide (31 ml, 308 mmol) dropwise, and it was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. After completion, the reaction was cooled to 0 0C and to it was slowly added sodium thiosulfate (200 mL) with stirring. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM (x3, 200 mL), and the combined organics were concentrated and purified via MPLC eluting with 100% DCM to 90% DCM: 10% MeOH: 1% NH4OH to yield 2-ethynyl-5-(2- methoxyethoxy)nicotinamide (2.0 g, 59% yield).
Figure imgf000162_0003
e. 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
2-ethynyl-5-(2-methoxyethoxy)nicotinamide (2.04 g, 9 mmol) was dissolved in IM dimethylamine (in methanol or ethanol) (46 ml, 93 mmol). The reaction was heated to 85 0C for 12 hrs. The reaction was concentrated and purified via MPLC eluting with 100% DCM to 90% DCM:10% MeOH:l% NH4OH to yield 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (0.900 g, 44% yield).
Figure imgf000163_0001
2. 2-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yI)propanoic acid hydrochloride.
The compound was synthesized from 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one similar to the synthesis of 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride in Method N (Example 503).
Figure imgf000163_0002
3. l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazoI-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hvdrazine
Figure imgf000163_0003
a. 2,3-difluoro-5-(3-methvIisoxazo--5-yl)pyridine.
A 330 mL pressure vessel was charged with 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine (5.00 g, 33.4 mmol), 3-methyl-5-(tributylstannyl)isoxazole (14.9 g, 40.1 mmol), XPhos (2.23 g, 4.68 mmol), PdOAc2 (0.526 g, 2.34 mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (167 ml, 33.4 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed, then heated at 100°C for 16 hours. The mixture was concentrated; the black oil was absorbed onto silica gel and purified by MPLC, eluting with 20% EtOAc in hexanes isocratic to yield an orange solid; this was triturated with hexanes to give 2,3-difluoro-5-(3- methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridine (3.6278 g, 55.3% yield) as a yellow solid.
Figure imgf000164_0001
b. l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vDpyridin-2-vDhvdrazine.
A 330 mL pressure vessel was charged with 4,5-difluoro-2-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridine (3.6695 g, 18.7 mmol), hydrazine (3.53 ml, 112 mmol), and IPA (93.5 ml, 18.7 mmol), sealed, then heated at 65°C for 3 hours. The mixture was filtered; the solid was triturated with sat. aqueous NaHCO3 solution and washed with water (2 x 20 mL). l-(4-fluoro-6-(3- methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)hydrazine (3.5668 g, 91.6% yield) was isolated as a white powder.
Figure imgf000164_0002
4. (R)-6-α-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-ylV \ 1,2,41 triazolo [4,3-ai pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-3-((2-methoxyethoxy)methyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
Using 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one and l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol- 5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine, the title compound was synthesized using General Method N to yield (R)-6-(l -(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-3- ((2-methoxyethoxy)methyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AD-H (20 x 150 mm, 5Dm), 25% MeOH, 75% CO2, 0.2% DEA; 100 bar system pressure; 75 mL/min; tr 5.78 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z = 465.2 [M+H], calc 464.16 for C23H2IFN6O4. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-^) D ppm 2.17 (d, J=7.14 Hz, 3 H) 2.39 (s, 3 H) 3.49 (s, 3 H)
3.78 - 3.94 (m, 2 H) 4.23 - 4.43 (m, 2 H) 6.43 (s, 1 H) 6.85 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.08 (q, J=7.11 Hz, 1 H) 7.29 (dd, J=I 0.07, 1.17 Hz, 1 H) 7.43 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 8.17 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1 H) 8.58 - 8.81 (m, 2 H).
Figure imgf000165_0001
Example 515
(SV6-(l-f8-fluoro-6-(3-methvIisoxazol-5-vn-|l,2,41triazoIo[4,3-a1pyridin-3-vncthvn-3-(f2- methoxyethoxy)methv.)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6HVone Synthesized in the same general manner as that previously described for example 509 using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AD-H (20 x 150 mm, 5Dm), 25% MeOH, 75% CO2, 0.2% DEA; 100 bar system pressure; 75 mL/min; tr 4.75min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z - 465.2 [M+H], calc 464.16 for C23H2iFN6O4
Figure imgf000165_0002
Example 516 ri?)-6-ri-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-H.2.41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-yl)ethyl)- 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one The title compound was synthesized using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AS-H (20 x 150 mm, 5 Dm), 20% iPrOH, 80% CO2; 100 bar system pressure, 50 mL/min; tr 1.67 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z = 464.2 [M+H], calc 463.18 for C23H22FN7O3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-^ D ppm 2.15 (d, J=7.14 Hz, 3 H) 3.49 (s, 3 H) 3.80 - 3.90 (m, 2 H) 3.97 (s, 3 H) 4.27 - 4.39 (m, 2 H) 6.83 (d, J=7.73 Hz, 1 H) 7.00 - 7.13 (m, 2 H) 7.42 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.61 (s, 1 H) 7.72 (s, 1 H) 8.15 (d, J=2.84 Hz, 1 H) 8.31 (s, 1 H) 8.72 (d, J=3.03 Hz, 1 H).
Figure imgf000166_0001
Example 517
(S)-6-( 1 -(8-fluoro-6-(l-meth yl-1 H-pyrazol-4-ylV [ 1,2.41 triazolo [4.3-al pyridin-3-yl)ethvn-3- (2-methoxyethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
The compound was synthesized in the same general manner as that previously described for example 516 according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® AS-H (20 x 150 mm, 5 Dm), 20% iPrOH, 80% CO2; 100 bar system pressure, 50 mL/min; tr : 2.02 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z = 464.2 [M+H], calc 463.18 for C23H22FN7O3.
Figure imgf000166_0002
Example 518
(R)-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-6-(l-(6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-H,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3- vDethyl)-l,6-naphthvridin-5(6H)-one
Figure imgf000166_0003
1. l-(5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-vπhydrazine
Figure imgf000166_0004
a. 2-fluoro-5-f3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridine. A 48 mL tube tube was charged with 5-bromo-2-fluoropyridine (1.17 ml, 11.4 mmol), 3- methyl-5-(tributylstannyl)isoxazole (5.29 g, 14.2 mmol), cyclohexyl JohnPhos (0.398 g, 1.14 mmol), Pd2dba3 (0.312 g, 0.341 mmol), and DMF (12.4 ml, 159 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed, then heated at 90°C for 16 hours. Additional 3-methyl-5-(tributylstannyl)isoxazole (5.29 g, 14.2 mmol) (2 g), Pd2dba3 (0.312 g, 0.341 mmol), and cyclohexyl JohnPhos (0.398 g, 1.14 mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred at 90°C for 10 more hours. This was concentrated and the brown residue was purified by MPLC, eluting with 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes isocratic. 2-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridine (1.1029 g, 54.5% yield) isolated as a light yellow solid.
Figure imgf000167_0001
b. l-(5-(3-methylisoxazoI-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hvdrazine.
The hydrazine was synthesized similar to l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2- yl)hydrazine (except heated to 60°C) (84.2% yield).
Figure imgf000167_0002
2. (R)-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-6-α-(6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)- \ 1.2.41 triazolo [4.3- a|pyridin-3-yl)ethyI)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
The title compound was synthesized according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralcel OH-H (2 cm ID x 25 cm length, 5 μ), 35 - 65% MeOH 0.2% DEA in CO2, 80 mL/min; tr = 4.95 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z = 447.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C23H22N6O4: 446.5. IH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-^6) δ ppm 8.89 (t, 1 H), 8.68 (d, J=3.03 Hz, 1 H), 8.01 - 8.02 (m, 1 H), 7.96 (dd, J=9.59, 1.08 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (dd, J=9.54, 1.61 Hz, 1 H), 7.60 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H), 7.01 - 7.05 (m, 1 H), 6.99 (s, 1 H), 6.75 (d, J=7.63 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 - 4.32 (m, 2 H), 3.70 - 3.73 (m, 2 H), 3.32 (s, 3 H), 2.31 (s, 3 H), 1.99 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 3 H). —
Figure imgf000168_0001
Example 519
(S)-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-6-α-(6-(3-methylisoxazoI-5-yl)- [ 1.2.41 triazolo [4.3-al pyridin-3- vDethylM,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Compound was synthesized in the same general manner as that previously described for example 518 according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralcel OH-H (2 cm ID x 25 cm length, 5 μ), 35 - 65% MeOH 0.2% DEA in CO2, 80 mL/min; tr - 7.05 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS m/z - 447.2 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C23H22N6O4: 446.5.
Figure imgf000168_0002
Example 520
{R)-6-(l -(ό-fS-chloropyridin-Σ-vD-S-fluoro- [1,2.41 triazolo [4,3-ai pyridin-3- vnethyl)-3- methoxy-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
HCI
Figure imgf000168_0003
1. 2-(3-methoxy-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride
All steps for the synthesis of this acid are the same as for 2-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-5-oxo-l,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (Example 514). with the following exceptions:
Figure imgf000169_0001
a. Z-chloro-S-methoxynicotinonitrile.
2-chloro-5-hydroxynicotinonitrile (18.0 g, 116 mmol) was placed in a resealable pressure- resistant tube and suspended in DMF (146 ml, 116 mmol). To this was added cesium carbonate (76 g, 233 mmol) and methyl iodide (36 mL, 582 mmol). The vessel was sealed and the mixture stirred at 65 0C for 17 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (250 mL) and the product was extracted with DCM (3 X400mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford 4Og of brown thick oil. This was passed through a plug of silica to afford 13g of 85% pure material. This was triturated in 10%DCM/Hexanes (hot ~ 400C) and solids filtered, rinsed with hexanes and dried to afford 2-chloro-5- methoxynicotinonitrile as brown solid (10.0 g, 51%). MS m/z = 169[M+1]+. Calc'd for C7H5ClN2O: 168.6.
Figure imgf000169_0002
b. S-methoxy-Z-te-ftrimethylsilvDethvnvDnicotinonitrile. This step was run at 65°C instead of 85°C.
Figure imgf000169_0003
c. ethyl 2-(3-methoxy-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoate.
Ethyl 2-bromopropanoate was used instead of the iodide and the reaction temperature was also lower (600C).
Figure imgf000169_0004
2. (R)-6-α-(6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-8-fluoro-H,2,41triazolo[4,3-a1pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-3-methoxy-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
The title compound was synthesized according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel® OD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 35% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr : 6.3 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z = 450.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C22H16ClFN6O2: 450.8.
Figure imgf000170_0001
Example 521
Figure imgf000170_0002
methoxy-l,6-naphthyridiii-5(6H)-one
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel® OD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 35% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr : 8.0 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. m/z = 450.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C22Hi6ClFN6O2: 450.8.
Figure imgf000170_0003
Example 522 rR)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-ri-methyl-lH-pyrazoI-4-yl)-[1.2.41triazolo[4.3-alpyridin-3-vnethvn-
3-methoxy-l,6-naphthyridin-5f6H)-one
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel® OD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% EtOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr : 5.2 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z = 419.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C2iH18FN7O2: 419.4.
Figure imgf000171_0001
Example 523 r5'>-6-fl-(8-fluoro-6-(l-methvI-lH-pyra2oI-4-vn-H.2t41triazolo[4.3-alpyridin-3-yl)ethvn-3- methoxy- 1 ,6-naphth yridin-5 (6H)-one
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel® OD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% EtOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr : 6.8 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS m/z = 419.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C2iHi8FN7O2: 419.4.
Figure imgf000171_0002
Example 524
(R)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methvUsoxazol-5-vn-fl,2,41triazolof4.3-a1pyridiii-3-yl)ethvn-3- methoxy-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H>one
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralPak® AD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr : 4.7 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. MS m/z - 420.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C2|Hi7FN6O3: 420.4. IH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-<4) D ppm 2.00 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 3 H) 2.31 (s, 3 H) 3.94 (s, 3 H) 6.77 (dd, J=7.78, 0.54 Hz, 1 H) 6.94 - 7.05 (m, 2 H) 7.64 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.76 - 7.89 (m, 1 H) 7.98 (dd, J=3.08, 0.54 Hz, 1 H) 8.68 (d, J=3.O3 Hz, 1 H) 8.80 (d, J=I .08 Hz, 1 H).
Figure imgf000172_0001
Example 525
^-ό-π-fS-fluoro-ό-O-methylisoxazol-S-ylVtl.l^ltriazoloN.a-alpyridin-S-vnethylVS- methoxy-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralPak® AD-H (20 x 250 mm 5m), 40% MeOH 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min and lOObar system backpressure (tr : 3.9 mins). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compounds in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. MS m/z = 420.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C2iHi7FN6O3: 420.4.
Figure imgf000172_0002
Example 526
6-( 1 -(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5- v0- \ 1 ,2,41 triazolo [4,3-al pyridin-3-vneth yl)-3-(2.2.2- trifluoroethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
HCI
Figure imgf000172_0003
1. 2-(5-oxo-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyM,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride
Figure imgf000173_0001
a. 2-(3-hvdroxy-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-vπpropanoic acid hydrobromide.
A resealable pressure-resistant bottle was charged with ethyl 2-(3-methoxy-5-oxo-l,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoate (0.83 g, 3.0 mmol) (Example 515) and cone. HBr (0.16 ml, 3.0 mmol). The vessel was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 1300C for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated to afford 2-(3-hydroxy-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanoic acid hydrobromide (0.95 g, 100% yield) as brown solid. This was carried through crude in the next step. Free base material MS m/z = 235.0 [M+l]+. Calc'd for CnHnBrN2O4: 315.1.
Figure imgf000173_0002
b. 2-(5-oxo-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride.
A resealable pressurized vial was charged with 2-(3-hydroxy-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanoic acid hydrobromide (0.54 g, 2 mmol), cesium carbonate (2 g, 7 mmol), 2,2,2- trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2 g, 7 mmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (6 mL,
0.3M). The vessel was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 600C fo 1 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic layer was collected, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford brown oil. This was purified via MPLC (10-50% EtOAC/Hexanes) to afford tan solid of bis alkylated material. This was suspended and refluxed in 5 mL of 6N HCl for 2 hours. Reaction mixture concentrated and dried under reduced pressure to afford 2-(5-oxo-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-l ,6-naphthyridin- 6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (0.3 g, 50% yield). This was concentrated under reduced pressure to dryness to afford 2-(5-oxo-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin- 6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (0.3 g, 50% yield) as yellow solid. Free base material MS m/z = 317.0 [M+l]+. Calc'd for Ci3Hi2ClF3N2O4: 352.7.
Figure imgf000174_0001
2. 6-q-f 8-fIuoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vn- [ 1.2.4] triazolo \ 4.3-al pyridin-3-vnethyl)-3- (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
Prepared according to General Method N. MS m/z - 488.8 [M+l]+. Calc'd for C22Hi6F4N6O3: 488.4. IH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-J6) D ppm 2.01 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 3 H) 2.25 - 2.38 (m, 3 H) 5.05 (q, J=8.77 Hz, 2 H) 6.74 - 6.83 (m, 1 H) 6.96 - 7.07 (m, 2 H) 7.71 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.86 (dd, J=I 1.49, 1.12 Hz, 1 H) 8.20 (d, J=2.74 Hz, 1 H) 8.78 (d, J=3.03 Hz, 1 H) 8.83 (d, J=I .08 Hz, I H)
Figure imgf000174_0002
Example 527 6-((R)-l-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vn- [ 1.2.41 triazolo [4.3-al pyridin-3-vnethyl)-3-q - methyl- 1 H-pyr azol-4- vD- 1 ,6-n aphthyr idin-5 (6H)-one
Figure imgf000174_0003
1. 2-(3-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-vDpropanoic acid hydrochloride
All steps for the synthesis of this acid are the same as for 2-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-5-oxo-l,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (Example 514) with the following exception:
Figure imgf000175_0001
a. I-chloro-S-d-methyl-lH-pyrazoM-vDnicotinonitrile.
A 48 mL tube was charged with l-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-lH- pyrazole (8.42 g, 40.5 mmol), 5-bromo-2-chloronicotinonitrile (8.00 g, 36.8 mmol), potassium carbonate (15.3 g, 110 mmol), PdCl2(dppf) (2.69 g, 3.68 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (135 mL, 1582 mmol) and water (23.9 mL, 1324 mmol), flushed with argon, sealed and then heated to 60 C for 8 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, adsorbed onto silica gel, and purified via MPLC eluting with 3% MeOH in DCM. 2-chloro-5-(l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)nicotinonitrile (4.962 g, 61.7%) was obtained (with a small impurity). The material was taken forward crude.
Figure imgf000175_0002
2. 6-((R)-l-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vI)-[1.2.41triazolor4.3-a1pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-3-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-ylVl,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
Synthesized using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® OJ-H 5 Dm (20 x 250 mm, 5 Dm), 45% MeOH, 55%, CO2, 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min; 120 bar system pressure; tr : 8.3 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z = 471.2 [M+H], calc 470.16 for C24Hi9FN8O2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-J6) D ppm 2.01 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 3 H) 2.31 (s, 3 H) 3.89 (s, 3 H) 6.78 (d, J=8.41 Hz, 1 H) 6.95 - 7.09 (m, 2 H) 7.72 (d, J=7.82 Hz, 1 H) 7.85 (d, J=12.62 Hz, 1 H) 8.12 (s, 1 H) 8.46 (s, 1 H) 8.67 (dd, J=2.35, 0.68 Hz, 1 H) 8.83 (d, J=I .08 Hz, 1 H) 9.20 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1 H).
Figure imgf000175_0003
Example 528
6-(f5)-l-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vn-H.2.41triazolot4.3-alpyridin-3-vnethvn-3-ri- meth yl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-vD- l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 527 according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® OJ-H 5 Dm (20 x 250 mm, 5 Dm), 45% MeOH, 55%, CO2, 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min; 120 bar system pressure; tr : 7.2 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z = 471.2 [M+H], calc 470.16 for C24H19FN8O2.
General Method O.
Figure imgf000176_0001
Example 529
(R)-6-(l-(8-nuoro-6-r3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-H,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-3-vnethyl)-l,6- naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Figure imgf000176_0002
1. (RVmethyl 2-(5-oxo-l.,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yQpropanoate.
Dissolved 1 ,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (10.6 g, 73 mmol), (S)-methyl 2-hydroxypropanoate (8.6 ml, 91 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (30 g, 1 16 mmol) in 144 mL THF (0.5M) and cooled to 0 0C. Then added DEAD (17 ml, 109 mmol) dropwise, monitoring temperature so as not to exceed 5 0C. Then let warm to room temperature over 1 hr, where reaction was complete by LCMS. The reaction was concentrated on silica and purified via MPLC, first with a gradient of Hexanes.EtOAc (removes most of PPh3O); then gradient of 100% DCM to 90% DCM:10% MeOH:l% NH4OH to yield (R)-methyl 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanoate (16 g, 95% yield) where the ee was confirmed to be >95%.
Figure imgf000177_0001
2. (R)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride.
Dissolved (R)-methyl 2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoate (3.20 g, 14 mmol) in 70 mL of THF and added 6 M HCl (23 ml, 138 mmol) and heated to 80 0C for 3 hrs until reaction was complete by LCMS. Reaction concentrated to remove water, and azeotroped 3 times with benzene to remove excess water, to yield (R)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride (3.4 g, 95% yield) which was >95% ee according to HPLC (conditions: 25/75 EtOH-TFA (0.1%):Heptane, ChiralPak AD-H, 1.0 mL/min, 20 min, 4.6X150 mm column). Obtained (R)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride as a yellow solid, which was taken on crude to the next step.
Figure imgf000177_0002
3. (2R)-N'-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-vI)-2-(5-oxo-l,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanehvdrazide.
HATU (9.0 g, 24 mmol), (R)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)propanoic acid hydrochloride and l-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine (3.6 g, 17 mmol) were taken up in acetonitrile (52 ml, 0.3 M) and cooled to 0 0C. DIPEA (8.2 ml, 47 mmol) was added drop wise and the reaction was allowed to stir to room temperature for 30 minutes until complete by LCMS. The crude material was concentrated onto silica gel and then purified via MPLC eluting with 100% DCM to 90% DCM: 10% MeOH: 1% NH4OH to yield (2R)-N'-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin- 6(5H)-yl)propanehydrazide (4.927 g, 77% yield).
Figure imgf000178_0001
4. (R)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vn-[1.2.41triazolo[4.3-a]pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one.
(2R)-N'-(3-fluoro-5-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(5-oxo-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)- yl)propanehydrazide (1.9 g, 4.7 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (1.8 g, 7.0 mmol) were taken up in THF (47 ml, 4.7 mmol). TMS-azide (0.93 ml, 7.0 mmol) was added, followed by slow addition of DEAD (1.1 ml, 7.0 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 50 minutes (monitored temperature so as not too exceed 30-40 0C) until reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated down, removing approximately Vi volume of THF. The material was then redissolved in EtOAc (-100 mL), and 2 M HCl (-30 mL) was added. The mixture was shaken vigorously, and the aqueous layer (with product) was set aside. The EtOAc layer was extracted x2 with HCl (30 mL) and all of the aqueous layers were combined. The aqueous layer was cooled to 0 0C, and to it was added 6 M NaOH dropwise until pH was 7-8 (desired product crashed out as an off-white solid). The solid was filtered over vacuum to remove desired product from water. The solid was then dissolved through the frit into a new flask with DCM/MeOH, and dried over NaSO4 (to further dry). The product was then recrystallized from EtOH with heat, sonication and then cooling or scratching to promote rapid crystallization. (R)-6-(l-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3- yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (1.5 g, 60-80% yield) was isolated as a white solid with >95% ee by HPLC (conditions: 50/50 EtOH:Heptane, ChiralPak® AD-H, 1.0 mL/min, 20 min, 4.6X150 mm column, tr 6.61 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z - 391.2 [M+H], calc 390.12 for C20Hi5FN6O2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6) D ppm 2.00 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 3 H) 2.31 (s, 3 H) 6.78 (d, J=7.92 Hz, 1 H) 6.95 - 7.12 (m, 2 H) 7.54 (dd, J=8.22, 4.50 Hz, 1 H) 7.77 (d, J=7.73 Hz, 1 H) 7.85 (d, J-1 1.54 Hz, 1 H) 8.62 (d, J=9.59 Hz, 1 H) 8.82 (s, 1 H) 8.92 (dd, J=4.55, 1.71 Hz, 1 H).
Figure imgf000179_0001
Example 530
3-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-6-((R)-l-r6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-vn-H.2.41triazolof4,3- a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 527 according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel OD-H (20 x 250 mm 5D), 35:65:0.2 MeOH: CO2: DEA, 80 mL/min and 100 bar system backpressure (tr : 12 mins).. On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z = 453.0 [M+H], calc 452.5 for C24H20N8O2.
Figure imgf000179_0002
Example 531
3-α-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-vn-6-((S)-l-(6-f3-methylisoxazol-5-vn-H.2.41triazolot4.3- a1pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 527 according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (ChiralCel OD-H (20 x 250 mm 5D), 35:65:0.2 MeOH:CO2:DEA, 80 mL/min and 100 bar system backpressure (tr : 18 mins).. On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z = 453.0 [M+H], calc 452.5 for C24H20N8O2.
Figure imgf000179_0003
Example 532
(S)-6-fl-(8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[1.2.41triazolo|4,3-alpyridin-3-vnethvI)-l,6- naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Synthesized according to General Method N. Seperated by preperative HPLC (ChiralPak® IA, (50 x 250 mm, 5 Dm), 50% Heptane, 50% EtOH; 100 mL/min; tr : 14.0 min) to yield (S)-6-(l- (8-fluoro-6-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl)ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin- 5(6H)-one. On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z = 391.2 [M+H], calc 390.12 for C20Hi5FN6O2.
Figure imgf000180_0001
Example 533 rR)-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-6-(l-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-
3-v0ethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Synthesized using General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® OD- H (20 x 250 mm, 5 Dm), 30% MeOH, 70%, CO2, 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min; 100 bar system pressure; tr : 6.8 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the R enantiomer. M/Z = 446.2 [M+H], calc 445.19 for C23H23N7O3.
Figure imgf000180_0002
Example 534 fS)-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-6-(l-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-[l,2,41triazolo[4,3-alpyridin-
3-vDethyl)-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one
Prepared in the same general manner as that previously described for example 533 according to General Method N. Chiral separation by preparative SFC (Chiralpak® OD-H (20 x 250 mm, 5 Dm), 30% MeOH, 70%, CO2, 0.2% DEA, 70 mL/min; 100 bar system pressure; tr : 9.9 min). On the basis of previous crystallographic data and potency recorded for related compound in the same program, the absolute stereochemistry has been assigned to be the S enantiomer. M/Z = 446.2 [M+H], calc 445.19 for C23H23N7O3.
Figure imgf000181_0001
Figure imgf000182_0001
Figure imgf000183_0001
Figure imgf000184_0001
Figure imgf000185_0001
Figure imgf000186_0001
Figure imgf000187_0001
Figure imgf000188_0001
Figure imgf000189_0001
Figure imgf000190_0001
Figure imgf000191_0001
Figure imgf000191_0002
Figure imgf000192_0001
Although the pharmacological properties of the compounds of the current invention vary with structural change, in general, activity possessed by these compounds may be demonstrated in vivo. The pharmacological properties of the compounds of this invention may be confirmed by a number of pharmacological in vitro assays. The exemplified pharmacological assays, which follow, have been carried out with the compounds according to the invention. The exemplified compounds of the present invention demonstrated a Kj between 20 μM and 0.1 nM. Illustrative activity values are provided in the following table.
Figure imgf000192_0002
Figure imgf000193_0001
BIOLOGICAL TESTING
The efficacy of the compounds of the invention as inhibitors of HGF related activity is demonstrated as follows. c-Met receptor assay
Cloning, Expression and Purification of c-Met Kinase Domain I) A PCR product covering residues 1058-1365 of c-Met (c-Met kinase domain) is generated from Human Liver QuickClone™ cDNA (Invitrogen) as described in WO 08/008539.
2). The PCR product is cloned into a modified pFastBacl expression vector (harboring the gene for S. japonicum glutathione S-transferase immediately upstream of the multiple cloning site) using standard molecular biological techniques. The GST-c-Met kinase domain fusion (GST-Met) gene is transposed into full-length baculovirus DNA using the BacToBac™ system (Invitrogen). High5 cells are infected with the recombinant baculovirus for 72 h at 27°C. The infected cells are harvested by centrifugation and the pellet is stored at — 80°C. The pellet is resuspended in buffer A (50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 0.25 M NaCl, 10 mM 2- mercaptoethanol, 10% (w/v) glycerol, 0.5 % (v/v) protease inhibitor cocktail (Sigma P 8340), stirred at 4°C to homogeneity, and the cells are disrupted by microfluidization (Microfluidics) at 10,000 psi. The resulting lysate is centrifuged at 50,000 x g for 90 min at 4 °C, and the supernatant is adsorbed onto 10 mL of glutathione sepharose™ 4B (Amersham) by batch method. The slurry is rocked gently overnight at 4°C. The glutathione resin is harvested by centrifugation and washed three times with 40 mL buffer A by batch method. The resin is washed three times with buffer B (buffer A adjusted to 0.1 M NaCl, less protease inhibitors). The protein is eluted with buffer B containing 25 mM reduced glutathione. Eluted fractions are analyzed by SDS-PAGE and concentrated to <10 mL (-10 mg/mL total protein). The concentrated protein is separated by Superdex™ 200 (Amersham) size exclusion chromatography in buffer C (25 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 0.1 M NaCl, 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 10% glycerol). The fractions are analyzed by SDS-PAGE and the appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to ~1 mg/mL. The protein is aliquotted and stored at -80°C. Alternative purification of human GST-cMET from Baculovirus cells Baculovirus cells are broken in 5x (volume/weight) of Lysis Buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 0.25 M NaCl, 5 mM mercaptoethanol, 10% glycerol plus Complete Protease Inhibitors (Roche (#10019600), 1 tablet per 50 mL buffer). The lysed cell suspension is centrifuged at 100,000 x g (29,300 rpm) in a Beckman ultracentrifuge Ti45 rotor for 1 h. The supernatant is incubated with 10 ml of Glutathione Sepharose 4B from Amersham Biosciences (#27-4574- 01). Incubation is carried out overnight in a cold room (approximately 8°C). The resin and supernatant is poured into an appropriately sized disposable column and the flow through supernatant was collected. The resin is washed with 10 column volumes (100 mL) of Lysis Buffer. The GST-cMET is eluted with 45 mL of 10 mM Glutathione (Sigma #G-4251) in Lysis Buffer. The elution is collected as 15 mL fractions. Aliquots of the elution fractions are run on SDS PAGE (12% Tris Glycine gel, Invitrogen, #EC6005BOX). The gel is stained with 0.25% Coomassie Blue stain. Fractions with GST-cMET are concentrated with a Vivaspin 20 mL Concentrator (#VS2002; 10,00 MW cutoff) to a final volume less than 2.0 ml. The concentrated GST-cMET solution is applied to a Superdex 75 16/60 column (Amersham Biosciences #17-1068-01) equilibrated with 25 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM mercaptoethanol, 10% glycerol. The GST-cMET is eluted with an isocratic run of the above buffer, with the eluent collected in 1.0 mL fractions. Fractions with significant OD280 readings are run on another 12% Tris Glycine gel. The peak tubes with GST-cMET are pooled and the OD28O is read with the column buffer listed above as the blank buffer.
Phosphorylation of the purified GST-cMET is performed by incubating the protein for 3 h at RT with the following:
Final concentration a) 10O mM ATP (Sigma #A7699) 25 mM b) 1.0 M MgCl2 (Sigma #M-0250) 10O mM c) 200 mM Sodium Orthovanadate (Sigma #S-65O8) 15 mM d) l .O M Tris-HCl, pH 7.00 (in house) 5O mM e) H2O f) GST-cMET 0.2 - 0.5 mg/mL
After incubation, the solution is concentrated in a Vivaspin 20 ml Concentrator to a volume less than 2.00 ml. The solution is applied to the same Superdex 75 16/60 column used above after re-equilibration. The GST-cMET is eluted as described above. The elution fractions corresponding to the first eluted peak on the chromatogram are run on a 12% Tris Glycine gel, as above, to identify the fractions with GST-cMET. Fractions are pooled and the OD280 is read with the column buffer used as the blank.
A Kinase reaction Buffer is prepared as follows:
Per l L
60 mM HEPES PH 7.4 1 M stock 16.7 X 6O mL
50 mM NaCl 5 M stock 100 X 1O mL
20 mM MgCl2 1 M stock 50 X 2O mL
5 mM MnCl2 1 M stock 200 X 5 mL
When the assay is carried out, freshly add:
2 mM DTT 1 M stock 500 X 0.05 % BSA 5 % stock 100 X
0.1 mM Na3OV4 0.1 M stock 1000 X
The HTRF buffer contains:
50 mM Tris-HCl (PH 7.5), 100 mM NaCl, 0.1 % BSA, 0.05 % Tween 20,5mM EDTA Fresh add SA-APC (PJ25S Phycolink Streptavidin-Allophycocyanin Conjugate, Prozyme Inc.) and Eu-PT66 ( Eu-Wl 024 labeled anti-phosphorotyrosine antibody PT66, AD0069, Lot 168465, Perkin-Elmer Inc.) to reach the final concentration: 0.1 nM final Eu-PT66
11 nM final SA-APC
Methods:
1. Dilute GST-cMet (P) enzyme in kinase buffer as follows: Prepare 8 nM GST-cMet (P) working solution (7.32 μM to 8 nM, 915 X, 10 μL to 9.15 mL). In a 96 well clear plate [Costar # 3365] add 100 μL in eleven columns, in one column add 100 μL kinase reaction buffer alone.
2. Assay plate preparation: Use Biomek FX to transfer 10 μL 8 nM GST-cMet (P) enzyme, 48.4 μL kinase reaction buffer, 1.6 μL compound (in DMSO) (Start concentration at 10 mM, 1 mM and 0.1 mM, sequential dilution 1 :3 to reach 10 test points) in a 96 well costar clear plate [Costar # 3365], mix several times. Then incubate the plate at RT for 30 min.
3. Prepare Gastrin and ATP working solution in kinase reaction buffer as follows:
Prepare 4 μM Gastrin and 16 μM ATP working solution
Per 1O mL
Gastrin 4 μM stock (500 μM to 4 μM, 125 X) 80 μL
ATP 16 μM stock (1000 μM to 16 μM, 62.5 X) 160 μL Use Biomek FX to add 20 μl ATP and Gastrin working solution to the assay plate to start reaction, incubate the plate at RT for 1 h.
4. Transfer 5 μL reaction product at the end of 1 h into 80 μL HTRF buffer in black plate [Costar # 3356], read on Discover after 30 min incubation.
Assay condition summary: KM ATP * - 6 μM
[ATP] - 4 μM
KM Gastrin/p(EY) - 3.8 μM [gastrin] - 1 μM
[enzyme] - 1 nM
KM ATP, KM gastrin for various enzymes were determined by HTRF/33P labeling and HTRF methods.
Examples 1-28, 30, 33-34, 36-37, and 39-48 exhibited activity with IC50 values less than 0.5 μM. c-Met cell-based autophosphorylation assay Human PC3 and mouse CT26 cells are available obtained from ATCC. The cells were cultured in a growth medium containing RPMI 1640, penicillin/streptomycin/glutamine (IX) and 5% FBS. 2 x 104 cells in medium were plated per well in a 96 well plate and incubated at 37 °C overnight. The cells were serum-starved by replacing the growth media with basic medium (DMEM low glucose + 0.1 BSA, 120 μL per well) at 37 °C for 16 h. Compounds (either 1 mM and 0.2 mM) in 100% DMSO were serially diluted (1 :3) 3333 fold on a 96 well plate, diluting 1 :3 with DMSO from column 1 to 11 (columns 6 and 12 receive no compound). Compound samples (2.4 μL per well) were diluted with basic medium (240 μL) in a 96 well plate. The cells were washed once with basic medium (GIBCO, DMEM 11885-076) then compound solution was added (100 μL). The cells were incubated at 37 °C for I h. A (2 mg/mL) solution of CHO-HGF (7.5 μL) was diluted with 30 mL basic medium to provide a final concentration of 500 ng/mL. This HGF-containing media (120 μL) was transferred to a 96 well plate. Compounds (1.2 μL) was added to the HGF-containing media and mixed well. The mixture of media/HGF/compound (100 μL) was added to the cells (final HGF concentration - 250 ng/mL) then incubated at 37 0C for 10 min. A cell lysate buffer (20 mL) was prepared containing 1% Triton X-100, 50 mM Tris pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl, Protease inhibitor (Sigma, #P-8340) 200 μL, Roche Protease inhibitor (Complete, # 1 -697-498) 2 tablets, Phosphatase Inhibitor II (Sigma, #P-5726) 200 μL, and a sodium vanadate solution (containing 900 μL PBS, 100 μL 300 mM NaVO3, 6 μL H2O2 (30% stock) and stirred at RT for 15 min) (90 μL). The cells were washed once with ice cold IX PBS (GIBCO, #14190- 136), then lysis buffer (60 μL) was added and the cells were incubated on ice for 20 min. The IGEN assay was performed as follows: Dynabeads M-280 streptavidin beads were pre-incubated with biotinylated anti-human HGFR (240 μL anti-human-HGFR (R&D system, BAF527 or BAF328) @ 100 μg/mL + 360 μL Beads (IGEN #10029 + 5.4 μL buffer - PBS/ 1% BSA/0.1% Tween20) by rotating for 30 min at RT. Antibody beads (25 μL) were transferred to a 96 well plate. Cell lysate solution (25 μL) was transferred added and the plate was shaken at RT for 1 h. Anti-phosphotyrosine 4G10 (Upstate 05-321) (19.7 μL antibody + 6 mL IX PBS) (12.5 μL) was added to each well, then incubated for 1 h at RT. Anti-mouse IgG ORI- Tag (ORIGEN #110087) (24 μL Antibody + 6 mL buffer) (12.5 μL) was added to each well, then incubated at RT for 30 min. IX PBS (175 μL) was added to each well and the electrochemiluminescence was read by an IGEN M8. Raw data was analyzed using a 4- parameter fit equation in XLFit. IC50 values are then determined using Grafϊt software. Examples 2, 4, 6-8, 11, 13, 15-21, 23-26, 36-37, 39, 41, and 43-44 exhibited activity in PC3 cells with IC50 values less than 1.0 μM. Examples 2, 4, 6-8, 11-13, 15-21, 23-26, 36-37, 41, and 43-44 exhibited activity in CT26 cells with IC5O values less than 1.0 μM.
rHu-bFGF: Stock concentration of 180 ng/μL: R&D rHu- bFGF: Added 139 μL of the appropriate vehicle above to the 25 μg vial lyophilized vial. 13.3 μL of the [180 ng/μL] stock vial and added 26.6 μL of vehicle to yield a final concentration of 3.75 μM concentration. Nitro-celluiose disk preparation: The tip of a 20-gauge needle was cut off square and beveled with emery paper to create a punch. This tip was then used to cut out = 0.5 mm diameter disks from a nitrocellulose filter paper sheet (Gelman Sciences). Prepared disks were then placed into Eppendorf micro fuge tubes containing solutions of either 0.1% BSA in PBS vehicle, 10 μM rHu- VEGF (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), or 3.75 μM rHu-bFGF (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and allowed to soak for 45-60 min before use. Each nitrocellulose filter disk absorbs approximately 0.1 μL of solution.
In the rat micropocket assay, compounds of the present invention will inhibit angiogenesis at a dose of less than 50 mg/kg/day.
Tumor model A431 cells (ATCC) are expanded in culture, harvested and injected subcutaneously into 5-8 week old female nude mice (CDl nu/nu, Charles River Labs) (n = 5-15). Subsequent administration of compound by oral gavage (10 - 200 mpk/dose) begins anywhere from day 0 to day 29 post tumor cell challenge and generally continues either once or twice a day for the duration of the experiment. Progression of tumor growth is followed by three dimensional caliper measurements and recorded as a function of time. Initial statistical analysis is done by repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA), followed by Scheffe post hoc testing for multiple comparisons. Vehicle alone (Ora-Plus, pH 2.0) is the negative control. Compounds of the present invention will be active at doses less than 150 mpk.
Tumor models Human glioma tumor cells (U87MG cells, ATCC) are expanded in culture, harvested and injected subcutaneously into 5-8 week old female nude mice (CDl nu/nu, Charles River Labs) (n=10). Subsequent administration of compound by oral gavage or by IP (10-100 mpk/dose) begins anywhere from day 0 to day 29 post tumor cell challenge and generally continues either once or twice a day for the duration of the experiment. Progression of tumor growth is followed by three dimensional caliper measurements and recorded as a function of time. Initial statistical analysis is done by repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA), followed by Scheffe post hoc testing for multiple comparisons. Vehicle alone (captisol, or the like) is the negative control. Compounds of the present invention will be active at 150 mpk.
Human gastric adenocarcinoma tumor cells (MKN45 cells, ATCC) are expanded in culture, harvested and injected subcutaneously into 5-8 week old female nude mice (CDl nu/nu, Charles River Labs) (n=10). Subsequent administration of compound by oral gavage or by IP (10-100 mpk/dose) begins anywhere from day 0 to day 29 post tumor cell challenge and generally continues either once or twice a day for the duration of the experiment. Progression of tumor growth is followed by three dimensional caliper measurements and recorded as a function of time. Initial statistical analysis is done by repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA), followed by Scheffe post hoc testing for multiple comparisons. Vehicle alone (captisol, or the like) is the negative control. Compounds of the present invention will be active at 150 mpk.
FORMULATIONS
Also embraced within this invention is a class of pharmaceutical compositions comprising the active compounds of the current invention in association with one or more nontoxic, pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers and/or diluents and/or adjuvants (collectively referred to herein as "carrier" materials) and, if desired, other active ingredients. The active compounds of the present invention may be administered by any suitable route, preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition adapted to such a route, and in a dose effective for the treatment intended. The compounds and compositions of the present invention may, for example, be administered orally, mucosally, topically, rectally, pulmonarily such as by inhalation spray, or parentally including intravascularly, intravenously, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly intrasternally and infusion techniques, in dosage unit formulations containing conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, and vehicles. The pharmaceutically active compounds of this invention can be processed in accordance with conventional methods of pharmacy to produce medicinal agents for administration to patients, including humans and other mammals.
For oral administration, the pharmaceutical composition may be in the form of, for example, a tablet, capsule, suspension or liquid. The pharmaceutical composition is preferably made in the form of a dosage unit containing a particular amount of the active ingredient. Examples of such dosage units are tablets or capsules. For example, these may contain an amount of active ingredient from about 1 to 2000 mg, preferably from about 1 to 500 mg. A suitable daily dose for a human or other mammal may vary widely depending on the condition of the patient and other factors, but, once again, can be determined using routine methods.
The amount of compounds which are administered and the dosage regimen for treating a disease condition with the compounds and/or compositions of this invention depends on a variety of factors, including the age, weight, sex and medical condition of the subject, the type of disease, the severity of the disease, the route and frequency of administration, and the particular compound employed. Thus, the dosage regimen may vary widely, but can be determined routinely using standard methods. A daily dose of about 0.01 to 500 mg/kg, preferably between about 0.01 and about 50 mg/kg, and more preferably about 0.01 and about 30 mg/kg body weight may be appropriate. The daily dose can be administered in one to four doses per day. For therapeutic purposes, the active compounds of this invention are ordinarily combined with one or more adjuvants appropriate to the indicated route of administration. If administered per os, the compounds may be admixed with lactose, sucrose, starch powder, cellulose esters of alkanoic acids, cellulose alkyl esters, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, magnesium oxide, sodium and calcium salts of phosphoric and sulfuric acids, gelatin, acacia gum, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and/or polyvinyl alcohol, and then tableted or encapsulated for convenient administration. Such capsules or tablets may contain a controlled- release formulation as may be provided in a dispersion of active compound in hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
In the case of psoriasis and other skin conditions, it may be preferable to apply a topical preparation of compounds of this invention to the affected area two to four times a day.
Formulations suitable for topical administration include liquid or semi-liquid preparations suitable for penetration through the skin (e.g. , liniments, lotions, ointments, creams, or pastes) and drops suitable for administration to the eye, ear, or nose. A suitable topical dose of active ingredient of a compound of the invention is 0.1 mg to 150 mg administered one to four, preferably one or two times daily. For topical administration, the active ingredient may comprise from 0.001% to 10% w/w, e.g., from 1% to 2% by weight of the formulation, although it may comprise as much as 10% w/w, but preferably not more than 5% w/w, and more preferably from 0.1% to 1% of the formulation. When formulated in an ointment, the active ingredients may be employed with either paraffinic or a water-miscible ointment base. Alternatively, the active ingredients may be formulated in a cream with an oil-in-water cream base. If desired, the aqueous phase of the cream base may include, for example at least 30% w/w of a polyhydric alcohol such as propylene glycol, butane- 1, 3 -diol, mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol and mixtures thereof. The topical formulation may desirably include a compound, which enhances absorption or penetration of the active ingredient through the skin or other affected areas. Examples of such dermal penetration enhancers include DMSO and related analogs.
The compounds of this invention can also be administered by a transdermal device. Preferably transdermal administration will be accomplished using a patch either of the reservoir and porous membrane type or of a solid matrix variety. In either case, the active agent is delivered continuously from the reservoir or microcapsules through a membrane into the active agent permeable adhesive, which is in contact with the skin or mucosa of the recipient. If the active agent is absorbed through the skin, a controlled and predetermined flow of the active agent is administered to the recipient. In the case of microcapsules, the encapsulating agent may also function as the membrane.
The oily phase of the emulsions of this invention may be constituted from known ingredients in a known manner. While the phase may comprise merely an emulsifier, it may comprise a mixture of at least one emulsifier with a fat or an oil or with both a fat and an oil. Preferably, a hydrophilic emulsifier is included together with a lipophilic emulsifier, which acts as a stabilizer. It is also preferred to include both an oil and a fat. Together, the emulsifier(s) with or without stabilizer(s) make-up the so-called emulsifying wax, and the wax together with the oil and fat make up the so-called emulsifying ointment base, which forms the oily dispersed phase of the cream formulations. Emulsifiers and emulsion stabilizers suitable for use in the formulation of the present invention include Tween 60, Span 80, cetostearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, glyceryl monostearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, glyceryl distearate alone or with a wax, or other materials well known in the art.
The choice of suitable oils or fats for the formulation is based on achieving the desired cosmetic properties, since the solubility of the active compound in most oils likely to be used in pharmaceutical emulsion formulations is very low. Thus, the cream should preferably be a non-greasy, non-staining and washable product with suitable consistency to avoid leakage from tubes or other containers. Straight or branched chain, mono- or dibasic alkyl esters such as di- isoadipate, isocetyl stearate, propylene glycol diester of coconut fatty acids, isopropyl myristate, decyl oleate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate or a blend of branched chain esters may be used. These may be used alone or in combination depending on the properties required. Alternatively, high melting point lipids such as white soft paraffin and/or liquid paraffin or other mineral oils can be used.
Formulations suitable for topical administration to the eye also include eye drops wherein the active ingredients are dissolved or suspended in suitable carrier, especially an aqueous solvent for the active ingredients. The active ingredients are preferably present in such formulations in a concentration of 0.5 to 20%, advantageously 0.5 to 10% and particularly about 1.5% w/w.
Formulations for parenteral administration may be in the form of aqueous or nonaqueous isotonic sterile injection solutions or suspensions. These solutions and suspensions may be prepared from sterile powders or granules using one or more of the carriers or diluents mentioned for use in the formulations for oral administration or by using other suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents. The compounds may be dissolved in water, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, benzyl alcohol, sodium chloride, tragacanth gum, and/or various buffers. Other adjuvants and modes of administration are well and widely known in the pharmaceutical art.
The active ingredient may also be administered by injection as a composition with suitable carriers including saline, dextrose, or water, or with cyclodextrin (ie. Captisol), cosolvent solubilization (ie. propylene glycol) or micellar solubilization (ie. Tween 80).
The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1 ,3- butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose any bland fixed oil may be employed, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.
For pulmonary administration, the pharmaceutical composition may be administered in the form of an aerosol or with an inhaler including dry powder aerosol.
Suppositories for rectal administration of the drug can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient such as cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols that are solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum and release the drug.
The pharmaceutical compositions may be subjected to conventional pharmaceutical operations such as sterilization and/or may contain conventional adjuvants, such as preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, buffers etc. Tablets and pills can additionally be prepared with enteric coatings. Such compositions may also comprise adjuvants, such as wetting, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the disclosed compounds. Variations and changes, which are obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope and nature of the invention, which are defined, in the appended claims.
From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.
No unacceptable toxological effects are expected when compounds of the present . invention are administered in accordance with the present invention.
All mentioned references, patents, applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, as if here written.

Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. A compound of formula I
Figure imgf000204_0001
wherein
J is N or CR3; W is CR2b or N;
Z and Z* are independently -O-, -S(O)V-, or -NR5-;
Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently H, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, -NO2, -CN, -NR5R5a, -OR4,
-C(=O)R4, -C(=O)OR4; -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -S(O)VR4, -S(O)2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a 3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.; or Rc and Rd together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a
3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and/or Rb may combine with any Rc or Rd to form a partially or fully saturated 3-8 membered cycloalkyl ring or heterocyclo ring, either of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb may combine to form a carbonyl group; or Rc and Rd attached to the same carbon atom may combine to form a carbonyl group; R1 is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclo any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R2 is
(i) H, halo, cyano, nitro, or
(ii) alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4,
-C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 as allowed by valance, provided that in compounds of formula I when W and J are both N, R is other than
(c) -NR5R5a where R5 and R5a are independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyi, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl; and (d) phenyl substituted with a group
Figure imgf000205_0001
where G1 and G2 are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, or G1 and G2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached combine to form a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclo ring; R2a, R2b and R3 are independently selected at each occurrence from H, halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -CO=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a,
-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally independently substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10 groups; R5 and R5a are independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10; or R5 and R5a may combine to form a heterocyclo ring optionally substituted with one or more R10;
R at each occurrence is independently, halo, cyano, nitro, oxo, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(-S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; wherein said alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and heterocycloalkyl groups may be further independently substituted with one or more -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(-S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-S O2NR5R53, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; and further wherein any two R10 groups attached to the same atom or attached to adjacent atoms may combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8 membered ring system; m is 0 or 1 ; n is 0, 1 or 2; q and t are each independently 0 or 1 ; v is 0, 1 or 2; wherein said compound is selected from
Figure imgf000207_0001
Figure imgf000208_0001
Figure imgf000209_0001
Figure imgf000210_0001
Figure imgf000211_0001
Figure imgf000212_0001
Figure imgf000212_0002
Figure imgf000213_0001
Figure imgf000214_0001
Figure imgf000215_0001
Figure imgf000216_0001
Figure imgf000217_0001
Figure imgf000218_0001
2. A compound of Formula I
Figure imgf000218_0002
enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof wherein J is N or CR3; W is CR2b or N;
Z and Z* are independently -O-, -S(O)V-, or -NR5-; q is O;
Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently H, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, -NO2, -CN, -NR5R5a, -OR4, -C(=O)R4, -C(=O)OR4; -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -S(O)VR4, -S(O)2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a 3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R groups as allowed by valance.; or Rc and Rd together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a
3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and/or Rb may combine with any Rc or Rd to form a partially or fully saturated 3-8 membered cycloalkyl ring or heterocyclo ring, either of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb may combine to form a carbonyl group; or RQ and Rd attached to the same carbon atom may combine to form a carbonyl group;
R1 is an oxo-substituted heteroaryl or oxo-substituted heterocyclo selected from naphthyridinonyl, dihydronaphthyridinonyl, pyridopyrimidinonyl, dihydropyridopyrimidinonyl, imidazopyridinonyl, dihydroimidazopyridinonyl, oxazolopyridinonyl, dihydrooxazolopyridinonyl, thiazolopyridinonyl, dihydrothiazolopyridinonyl, pyrazolopyrazinonyl, dihydropyrazolopyrazinonyl, triazolopyrazinonyl, dihydrotriazolopyrazinonyl, triazolopyridinonyl or dihydrotriazolopyridinonyl any of which may be optionally further independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.
R2 is
(i) H, halo, cyano, nitro, or
(ii) alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a,
-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 as allowed by valance, R2a, R2b and R3 are independently selected at each occurrence from H, halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5\ -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5) S O2NR5R53, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally independently substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10 groups; R5 and R5a are independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10; or R5 and R5a may combine to form a heterocyclo ring optionally substituted with one or more R10;
R10 at each occurrence is independently, halo, cyano, nitro, oxo, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-S O2NR5R53, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; wherein said alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and heterocycloalkyl groups may be further independently substituted with one or more -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR i 53rR> 53aa, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR ) SJτR> 53aa,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(-S)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-S O2NR5R53,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; and further wherein any two R10 groups attached to the same atom or attached to adjacent atoms may combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8 membered ring system; m is 0 or 1 ; n is 0, 1 or 2; t is 0 or 1 ; v is 0, 1 or 2.
3. A compound of claim 2 wherein R1 is
Figure imgf000221_0001
a is a bond or is absent; U5 is C or N;
U6 is NH, O or S; m+ is O, 1, 2 or 3 .
4. A compound of claim 2 wherein R2 is H, halo, cyano, alkynyl, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, phenyl, naphthyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, pyridinonyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, indolinonyl, isoidolinyl, isoindolinonyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydroisobenzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, dihydroquinolinonyl, dihydroisoquinolinonyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydroquinoxalinyl, benzomoφholinyl, dihydrobenzodioxinyl, imidazopyridinyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazinyl, triazolopyridinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyridazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrrolopyridazinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyridazinyl, cinnolinyl, thienopyrrolyl, tetrahydrothienopyrrolyl, dihydrothienopyrrolonyl, thienopyridinyl, thienopyrimidinyl, thienopyridazinyl, furopyridinyl, fiiropyrimidinyl, fiiropyrazidinyl, benzofuranyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, or benzoisothiazolyl any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.
5. A compound of claim 3 wherein R2 is H, halo, cyano, alkynyl, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, phenyl, naphthyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, pyridinonyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, indolinonyl, isoidolinyl, isoindolinonyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydroisobenzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, dihydroquinolinonyl, dihydroisoquinolinonyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydroquinoxalinyl, benzomorpholinyl, dihydrobenzodioxinyl, imidazopyridinyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazinyl, triazolopyridinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyridazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrrolopyridazinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyridazinyl, cinnolinyl, thienopyrrolyl, tetrahydrothienopyrrolyl, dihydrothienopyrrolonyl, thienopyridinyl, thienopyrimidinyl, thienopyridazinyl, furopyridinyl, furopyrimidinyl, fiiropyrazidinyl, benzofuranyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, or benzoisothiazolyl any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.
6. A compound of claim 5 wherein R 2 is (a) halo, alkynyl, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4 or -N(R5)C(=O)OR4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or
(b) an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclo ring system selected from
Figure imgf000223_0001
Figure imgf000224_0001
Figure imgf000225_0001
where m* is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, as allowed by valence.
7. A compound having the following formula IJ
Figure imgf000225_0002
a is a bond or is absent;
U5 is C or N;
Z is -O-, -S(O)v-, or -NR5-; Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently H, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, -NO2, -CN, -NR5R5a, -OR4, -C(=O)R4, -C(=O)OR4; -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(O)NR5R5a, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -S(O)VR4, -S(O)2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a 3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.; or Rc and Rd together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a 3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and/or Rb may combine with any Rc or Rd to form a partially or fully saturated 3-8 membered cycloalkyl ring or heterocyclo ring, either of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb may combine to form a carbonyl group; or Rc and R attached to the same carbon atom may combine to form a carbonyl group; provided that when q is 1 , Ra and R are independently other than halo, -NO2, -CN, -NR5R5a, -OR4, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -S(O)VR4, -S(O)2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4;
R2 is
(i) H, halo, cyano, nitro, or
(ii) alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, - NR5R53 , -S(O)VR4, -NR5R53, -C(O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4,
-C(O)NR5R53, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(O)NR5R53, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(0)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 as allowed by valance, R2a and R2b are independently selected at each occurrence from H, halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a,
-C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance;
R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally independently substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10 groups; R5 and R5a are independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10; or R5 and R5a may combine to form a heterocyclo ring optionally substituted with one or more R10;
R10 and R1Od at each occurrence is independently, halo, cyano, nitro, oxo, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; wherein said alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and heterocycloalkyl groups may be further independently substituted with one or more -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(-S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; and further wherein any two R10 groups attached to the same atom or attached to adjacent atoms may combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8 membered ring system; m is 0 or 1 ; n is 0, 1 or 2; n+ is θ, 1, 2 or 3; q is 0 or 1 ; v is 0, 1 or 2.
8. A compound of claim 7 wherein q and n are each zero, and a is a bond.
9. A compound of claim 7 wherein R2 is H, halo, cyano, alkynyl, — NR5R5a , -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, phenyl, naphthyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, pyridinonyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, indolinonyl, isoidolinyl, isoindolinonyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydroisobenzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, dihydroquinolinonyl, dihydroisoquinolinonyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydroquinoxalinyl, benzomoφholinyl, dihydrobenzodioxinyl, imidazopyridinyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazinyl, triazolopyridinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyridazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrrolopyridazinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyridazinyl, cinnolinyl, thienopyrrolyl, tetrahydrothienopyrrolyl, dihydrothienopyrrolonyl, thienopyridinyl, thienopyrimidinyl, thienopyridazinyl, furopyridinyl, furopyrimidinyl, furopyrazidinyl, benzofuranyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, or benzoisothiazolyl any of wwhhiicchh mm;ay be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.
10. A compound of claim 9 wherein R2 is
(a) halo, alkynyl, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4 or -N(R5)C(=O)OR4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or
(b) an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclo ring system selected from
Figure imgf000229_0001
Figure imgf000230_0001
Figure imgf000231_0001
where m* is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, as allowed by valence.
11. A compound of Formula VII
Figure imgf000232_0001
VII enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof wherein
J is N or CR3;
W is CR2b;
W* is N or CR2b;
X is O or S;
Z and Z* are independently -O-, -S(O)V-, or -NR5-;
Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently H, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, -NO2, -CN, -NR5R5a, -OR4,
-C(=O)R4, -C(=O)OR4; -C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=O)NR5R5a,
-S(O)VR4, -S(O)2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4 any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a
3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance.; or Rc and Rd together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may combine to form a
3-10 membered cycloalkyl, a 3-10membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a heterocyclo ring, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R1 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and/or Rb may combine with any Rc or Rd to form a partially or fully saturated 3-8 membered cycloalkyl ring or heterocyclo ring, either of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; or Ra and Rb may combine to form a carbonyl group; or Rc and Rd attached to the same carbon atom may combine to form a carbonyl group; R1 is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclo any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R2 is
(i) H, halo, cyano, nitro, or (ii) alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R5a,
-N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 as allowed by valance,
R2a, R2b and R3 are independently selected at each occurrence from H, halo, cyano, nitro, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -OR4, -S(O)VR4, -NR5R5a, -C(=O)R4, -C(=S)R4, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=S)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R5a, -C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)R4, -N(R5)C(=S)R4, -OC(=O)NR5R5a, -OC(=S)NR5R5a, -SO2NR5R53, -N(R5)SO2R4, -N(R5)SO2NR5R5a, -N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -N(R5)C(=S)OR4, -N(R5)SO2R4, any of which may be optionally independently substituted with one or more R10 groups as allowed by valance; R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally independently substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10 groups;
R5 and R5a are independently selected at each occurrence from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclo, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, and cycloalkylalkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted as allowed by valance with one or more R10; or R5 and R5a may combine to form a heterocyclo ring optionally substituted with one or more R10;
R10 at each occurrence is independently, halo, cyano, nitro, oxo, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -(alkylene)m-OR4, -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR:)R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR 53rR> 5:>aa, -CaHCyIenC)01-SO2NR > 53rR> 53a3, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5) S O2NR5R53, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; wherein said alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclo, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and heterocycloalkyl groups may be further independently substituted with one or more -(alkylene)m-OR , -(alkylene)m-S(O)vR4, -(alkylene)m-NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=S)R4, -(alkylene)m-C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-OC(=O)R4,
-(alkylene)m-C(=S)OR\ -(alkylene)m-C(=O)NR 53πR5a , -(alkylene)m-C(=S)NR > 5DτR> 5a ,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)R4,
-(alkylene)m-OC(=O)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-OC(=S)NR5R5a, -(alkylene)m-SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2NR5R5a,
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=O)OR4, -(alkylene)m-N(R5)C(=S)OR4, or
-(alkylene)m-N(R5)SO2R4; and further wherein any two R10 groups attached to the same atom or attached to adjacent atoms may combine to form an optionally substituted 3- to 8 membered ring system; m is 0 or 1 ; n is 0, 1 or 2; q and t are each independently 0 or 1 ; v is 0, 1 or 2; wherein said compound is selected from
Figure imgf000234_0001
Figure imgf000235_0001
and salts thereof.
11. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of either claim 1 or claim 7 together with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier.
12. A method of treating cancer in a subject, said method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound as in either claim 1 or claim 7.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said compound is administered in combination with at least one compound selected from antibiotic-type agents, alkylating agents, antimetabolite agents, hormonal agents, immunological agents, interferon-type agents and miscellaneous agents.
14. A method of reducing tumor size in a subject, said method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound as in claim 1.
15. A method of treating HGF mediated disorders in a subject, said method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound as in claim 1.
16. A method of reducing metastasis in a tumor in a subject, said method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound as in claim 1.
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