WO2009080270A2 - Battery module comprising a plurality of individual cells - Google Patents

Battery module comprising a plurality of individual cells Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009080270A2
WO2009080270A2 PCT/EP2008/010774 EP2008010774W WO2009080270A2 WO 2009080270 A2 WO2009080270 A2 WO 2009080270A2 EP 2008010774 W EP2008010774 W EP 2008010774W WO 2009080270 A2 WO2009080270 A2 WO 2009080270A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery module
individual cells
housing plate
housing
cooling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/010774
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009080270A3 (en
Inventor
Jens Meintschel
Dirk Schröter
Original Assignee
Daimler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Ag filed Critical Daimler Ag
Publication of WO2009080270A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009080270A2/en
Publication of WO2009080270A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009080270A3/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/50Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
    • H01M6/5038Heating or cooling of cells or batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561Gases
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/14Fastening; Joining by using form fitting connection, e.g. with tongue and groove
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery module having a plurality of individual cells, which are arranged between two or more cooling devices, wherein the individual cells are in direct heat-conducting contact with the cooling device.
  • a battery module with a plurality of electrochemical cells is known, which are held by means of an electrically insulating tempering at a distance.
  • the tempering is pocket-like and for a liquid cooling medium on the inside except for and Outflow openings formed fluidly closed. Furthermore, the tempering corresponds in its surface extension of the size of the associated and heat transfer adjacent flat side of a cell case of a cell and is located on the flat sides of the associated cell housing.
  • guide webs are arranged within the tempering element.
  • the tempering is fluidly connected to one another with a distribution channel, a collecting channel and a plurality of through-flow channels connecting the distributor channel and the collecting channel. The channels are flowed through to cool the cells with the liquid cooling medium.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved battery module with a plurality of individual cells.
  • the cooling device is simultaneously designed as a housing of the battery module.
  • the designed as a housing cooling device cools the individual cells and provides protection against external mechanical effects.
  • the simultaneous execution of the Cooling device as a housing additionally leads advantageously to a reduction in parts and assembly costs and thus to a cost savings in a production of the battery module.
  • the cooling device is designed as a dimensionally stable housing plate with cooling channels.
  • An individual cell facing the inside of the housing plate is provided with recesses corresponding to a shape of the individual cells.
  • the cooling channels thereby form a closed cooling circuit, wherein a liquid or a gaseous substance is used as the coolant.
  • the bulges provide a large heat exchange area between the single cells and the housing plate, and the use of the coolant allows rapid and effective cooling.
  • a first outer edge of the housing plate is formed as a bulge and a second outer edge of the housing plate as a corresponding to the bulge indentation.
  • an outer edge of the housing plate is formed as a bulge and an outer edge as corresponding indentation two identically running housing plates are positively connected to one another. The resulting increased use of equal parts leads to a reduction in the parts and assembly costs and thus to a cost savings in the production of the battery module.
  • the housing plate can be made equally of a plastic or a metal, wherein in a production of metal on the individual cells facing the inside of the housing plate an electrically insulating layer, for. As a paint or plastic, is applied.
  • plastic as a manufacturing material of the housing plate leads to a reduction of a weight of the battery module.
  • the cells can also be electrically insulated, wherein the insulation can be carried out by a suitable and known measure such as, for example, a lacquer, a coating, a heat-shrinkable tube, etc.
  • a cooling module can be made metallic on its inside.
  • a thermally insulating layer for example a foam coating, is arranged on an outer side of the housing plate facing away from the individual cells.
  • deformation grooves are introduced into the housing plate, which in an external force, z. As in a collision of the vehicle, lead to a predetermined deformation of the battery module.
  • the individual cells which are electrically connected to the battery module can be electrically connected to one another by means of connecting elements in series and / or in parallel.
  • the fasteners are z. B. designed as a cell connector, screw or plug-in elements. With this serial and / or parallel connection is an adaptation of a electrical operating voltage and an electrical operating current of the battery module to an intended use with a small footprint possible.
  • a plurality of battery modules can be modularly coupled electrically and mechanically, whereby an adapted to a location outer shape of the battery module and consequently allows use of the battery module according to the invention in different applications.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a battery module according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 schematically an exploded view of a battery module according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically an opened battery module according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically a battery module with flat individual cells
  • 7 is a schematic sectional view of a battery module according to FIG. 6, and
  • FIG. 6
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic exploded view of a battery module according to FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows a battery module 1, which is constructed from round individual cells 2.
  • the individual cells 2 are connected in a manner not shown serially and / or in parallel with each other electrically. This connection is z. B. made with cell connectors, screw or plug-in elements.
  • a housing enclosing the individual cells 2 is achieved by means of a positive connection of an upper housing plate 3.1 with a lower housing plate 3.2.
  • the housing plates 3.1, 3.2 as shown in Figure 5, provided at a first outer edge 4 with a bulge 5 and at a second outer edge 6 with a corresponding to the bulge 5 indentation 7.
  • a thermally insulating layer 9, for example a foam coating is applied to the housing plates 3.1, 3.2.
  • a thermally insulating layer 9 for example a foam coating
  • FIG. 2 shows the battery module 1 according to FIG. 1 in a sectional representation.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the battery module 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • an inner side of the respective housing plate 3.1, 3.2 facing the individual cells 2 is provided with recesses 10 which correspond to a shape of the individual cells 2. Heat losses of the individual cells 2 are released to the housing plates 3.1, 3.2 during charging and / or discharging via the large heat exchange area thus achieved.
  • the housing plates 3.1, 3.2 release the absorbed heat to the coolant located in the cooling channels 8.
  • the cooling channels 8 are connected on the input side in a manner not shown with a supply system, which stores the coolant.
  • the coolant z. B. supplied to a heat sink, not shown, which receives the heat of the coolant and emits to the environment of the battery module 1.
  • the cooled coolant is then fed again to the input side of the cooling channels 8, so that a closed cooling circuit is formed.
  • 3.1 deformation grooves not shown in detail are introduced into the housing plates 3.1, with which one of an action of an external force on the battery module. 1 resulting deformation of the battery module 1 can be predetermined. Is the battery module 1, for example, for a mobile application in a non-illustrated
  • Vehicle trunk arranged, acts in a collision, the external force on the battery module 1.
  • the deformation grooves thereby allow the deformation of the battery module 1 according to a deformation of the vehicle trunk space.
  • FIG. 4 shows an opened battery module according to FIG. 1, in which the individual cells 2 are inserted into the recesses 10 of the lower housing plate 3.2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of a battery module 1, which in particular shows a possible embodiment for the positive connection of the housing plates 3.1, 3.2.
  • the form-fitting connection of both housing plates 3.1, 3.2 described with reference to FIG. 1 is achieved on the basis of the bulge 5 arranged on the first outer edge 4 in conjunction with the indentation 7, which is arranged on the second outer edge 6 and corresponds to the bulge 5.
  • the bulge 5 and the indentation 7 are trapezoidal.
  • Both housing plates 3.1, 3.2 are not displaceable in a direction x and a direction y. In order to avoid a displacement of the housing plates 3.1, 3.2 to each other in the direction z, are not shown devices, for. B. locking tabs, arranged on the housing plates 3.
  • FIG. 6 shows a battery module 1 with flat individual cells 2.
  • the mode of operation of the battery module 1 corresponds to that shown in FIG Embodiment with the difference that the individual cells 2 are made flat and corresponds to a shape of the recesses 10 shown in Figure 8 of the housing plates 3 with the flat running single cells 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows the battery module 1 according to FIG. 6 in a sectional view.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exploded view of the battery module 1 according to FIG. 6.
  • housing plates 3.1, 3.2 provided with recesses 10 corresponding to the flat shape of the individual cells 2.
  • the function and design of the battery module 1 correspond to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery module (1) comprising a plurality of individual cells (2) that are interposed between two or more cooling devices, the individual cells (2) being in direct heat-conducting contact with the cooling device. The cooling device serves at the same time as a case for the battery module (1).

Description

Batteriemodul mit mehreren Einzelzellen Battery module with several single cells
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriemodul mit mehreren Einzelzellen, die zwischen zwei oder mehreren Kühlvorrichtungen angeordnet sind, wobei die Einzelzellen in einem direkten Wärme leitenden Kontakt mit der Kühlvorrichtung stehen.The invention relates to a battery module having a plurality of individual cells, which are arranged between two or more cooling devices, wherein the individual cells are in direct heat-conducting contact with the cooling device.
Üblicherweise werden Batteriesysteme zur Anwendung in Kraftfahrzeugen, insbesondere in elektrisch betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugen, stark belastet. Diese Belastung resultiert aus sehr hohen Lade- und Entladeleistungen, die mit hohen internen Verlusten, insbesondere Wärmeverlusten verbunden sind. Die beim Laden und Entladen erzeugte Wärme kann zu einer oberhalb einer die Lebensdauer des Batteriesystems verkürzenden Temperatur führen und muss deshalb abgeführt werden. Bei großen Akkumulatorenbatterien ist jedoch eine Wärmeabgabe über eine Oberfläche nicht ausreichend, so dass zusätzliche Vorrichtungen zu einer Wärmeabgabe bzw. zusätzlichen Kühlung der Akkumulatorenbatterie notwendig sind.Usually battery systems for use in motor vehicles, especially in electrically powered vehicles, heavily loaded. This load results from very high charging and discharging power, which are associated with high internal losses, especially heat losses. The heat generated during charging and discharging can lead to a temperature which is shorter over the life of the battery system and must therefore be dissipated. For large storage batteries, however, a heat release over a surface is not sufficient, so that additional devices for heat dissipation or additional cooling of the storage battery are necessary.
Aus der DE 195 03 085 C2 ist ein Batteriemodul mit mehreren elektrochemischen Zellen bekannt, die mittels eines elektrisch isolierenden Temperierelements auf Abstand gehalten werden. Das Temperierelement ist dabei taschenartig und für ein flüssiges Kühlmedium innenseitig bis auf Zu- und Abströmöffnungen fluidisch geschlossen ausgebildet. Weiterhin entspricht das Temperierelement in seiner Flächenausstreckung der Größe der zugeordneten und Wärme übertragend anliegenden Flachseite eines Zellengehäuses einer Zelle und liegt an den Flachseiten der zugeordneten Zellengehäuse an. Zu einer Strömungsbeeinflussung des Kühlmittels sind innerhalb des Temperierelements Leitstege angeordnet. Das Temperierelement ist mit einem Verteilerkanal, einem Sammelkanal und mehreren den Verteiler- und den Sammelkanal verbindenden Durchströmkanälen fluidisch miteinander verbunden. Die Kanäle werden zu einer Kühlung der Zellen mit dem flüssigen Kühlmedium durchflössen.From DE 195 03 085 C2, a battery module with a plurality of electrochemical cells is known, which are held by means of an electrically insulating tempering at a distance. The tempering is pocket-like and for a liquid cooling medium on the inside except for and Outflow openings formed fluidly closed. Furthermore, the tempering corresponds in its surface extension of the size of the associated and heat transfer adjacent flat side of a cell case of a cell and is located on the flat sides of the associated cell housing. For influencing the flow of the coolant, guide webs are arranged within the tempering element. The tempering is fluidly connected to one another with a distribution channel, a collecting channel and a plurality of through-flow channels connecting the distributor channel and the collecting channel. The channels are flowed through to cool the cells with the liquid cooling medium.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein verbessertes Batteriemodul mit mehreren Einzelzellen anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide an improved battery module with a plurality of individual cells.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Batteriemodul gelöst, welches die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale aufweist .The object is achieved with a battery module having the features specified in claim 1.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen, beispielsweise in einem Fahrzeug verwendeten Batteriemodul mit mehreren Einzelzellen, die zwischen zwei oder mehreren Kühlvorrichtungen angeordnet sind, wobei die Einzelzellen in einem direkten Wärme leitenden Kontakt mit der Kühlvorrichtung stehen, ist die Kühlvorrichtung gleichzeitig als Gehäuse des Batteriemoduls ausgeführt .In the case of the battery module according to the invention having a plurality of individual cells and being arranged between two or more cooling devices, wherein the individual cells are in direct heat-conducting contact with the cooling device, the cooling device is simultaneously designed as a housing of the battery module.
Die als Gehäuse ausgeführte Kühlvorrichtung kühlt die Einzelzellen und bewirkt einen Schutz vor äußeren mechanischen Einwirkungen. Die gleichzeitige Ausführung der Kühlvorrichtung als Gehäuse führt zusätzlich in vorteilhafter Weise zu einer Senkung eines Teile- und Montageaufwands und somit zu einer Kostenersparnis bei einer Herstellung des Batteriemoduls .The designed as a housing cooling device cools the individual cells and provides protection against external mechanical effects. The simultaneous execution of the Cooling device as a housing additionally leads advantageously to a reduction in parts and assembly costs and thus to a cost savings in a production of the battery module.
Dabei ist die Kühlvorrichtung als formstabile Gehäuseplatte mit Kühlkanälen ausgebildet. Eine den Einzelzellen zugewandte Innenseite der Gehäuseplatte ist mit Aussparungen versehen, die einer Form der Einzelzellen entsprechen. Die Kühlkanäle bilden dabei einen geschlossenen Kühlkreislauf, wobei als Kühlmittel ein flüssiger oder ein gasförmiger Stoff verwendet wird. Durch die Ausbuchtungen wird eine große Wärmeaustauschfläche zwischen den Einzelzellen und der Gehäuseplatte erreicht und die Verwendung des Kühlmittels ermöglicht eine schnelle und effektive Kühlung.The cooling device is designed as a dimensionally stable housing plate with cooling channels. An individual cell facing the inside of the housing plate is provided with recesses corresponding to a shape of the individual cells. The cooling channels thereby form a closed cooling circuit, wherein a liquid or a gaseous substance is used as the coolant. The bulges provide a large heat exchange area between the single cells and the housing plate, and the use of the coolant allows rapid and effective cooling.
Zur Schaffung einer formschlüssigen Verbindung zweier Gehäuseplatten untereinander ist ein erster Außenrand der Gehäuseplatte als eine Ausbuchtung und ein zweiter Außenrand der Gehäuseplatte als eine zu der Ausbuchtung korrespondierende Einbuchtung ausgebildet. Anhand der formschlüssigen Verbindung werden ein Schutz der Einzelzellen vor Umgebungseinflüssen und umgekehrt ein Schutz einer Umgebung vor schädlichen Einflüssen der Einzelzellen, z. B. anhand einer bei einer Beschädigung einer oder mehrerer Einzelzellen austretenden Substanz, erzielt. Durch die Ausbildung eines Außenrands der Gehäuseplatte als Ausbuchtung und eines Außenrands als dazu korrespondierende Einbuchtung sind zwei gleich ausgeführte Gehäuseplatten formschlüssig miteinander verbindbar. Der hierdurch erreichte, erhöhte Gleichteileeinsatz führt zu einer Senkung des Teile- und Montageaufwands und somit zu einer Kostenersparnis bei der Herstellung des Batteriemoduls. Die Gehäuseplatte kann dabei gleichermaßen aus einem Kunststoff oder einem Metall gefertigt werden, wobei bei einer Fertigung aus Metall auf der den Einzelzellen zugewandten Innenseite der Gehäuseplatte eine elektrisch isolierende Schicht, z. B. ein Lack oder Kunststoff, aufgebracht ist. Die Verwendung von Kunststoff als Fertigungsmaterial der Gehäuseplatte führt zu einer Verringerung eines Gewichts des Batteriemoduls.To create a positive connection between two housing plates with each other, a first outer edge of the housing plate is formed as a bulge and a second outer edge of the housing plate as a corresponding to the bulge indentation. On the basis of the positive connection, protection of the individual cells against environmental influences and, conversely, protection of an environment against harmful influences of the individual cells, eg. B. based on an emerging in a damage of one or more individual cells substance achieved. By forming an outer edge of the housing plate as a bulge and an outer edge as corresponding indentation two identically running housing plates are positively connected to one another. The resulting increased use of equal parts leads to a reduction in the parts and assembly costs and thus to a cost savings in the production of the battery module. The housing plate can be made equally of a plastic or a metal, wherein in a production of metal on the individual cells facing the inside of the housing plate an electrically insulating layer, for. As a paint or plastic, is applied. The use of plastic as a manufacturing material of the housing plate leads to a reduction of a weight of the battery module.
In besonderer Ausgestaltung können auch die Zellen elektrisch isoliert sein, wobei die Isolierung durch eine geeignete und bekannte Maßnahme wie bspw. einen Lack, eine Beschichtung, einen Schrumpfschlauch etc. vorgenommen werden kann. Dadurch kann auch bspw. ein Kühlmodul auf seiner Innenseite metallisch ausgeführt werden.In a special embodiment, the cells can also be electrically insulated, wherein the insulation can be carried out by a suitable and known measure such as, for example, a lacquer, a coating, a heat-shrinkable tube, etc. As a result, for example, a cooling module can be made metallic on its inside.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Batteriemoduls ist auf einer den Einzelzellen abgewandten Außenseite der Gehäuseplatte eine thermisch isolierende Schicht, beispielsweise eine Schaumbeschichtung, angeordnet. Somit wird ein Wärmeeintrag aus der Umgebung des Batteriemoduls vermindert .In an advantageous embodiment of the battery module, a thermally insulating layer, for example a foam coating, is arranged on an outer side of the housing plate facing away from the individual cells. Thus, a heat input from the environment of the battery module is reduced.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind Verformungsnuten in die Gehäuseplatte eingebracht, die bei einer äußeren Krafteinwirkung, z. B. bei einer Kollision des Fahrzeugs, zu einer vorgebbaren Verformung des Batteriemoduls führen.In one embodiment of the invention deformation grooves are introduced into the housing plate, which in an external force, z. As in a collision of the vehicle, lead to a predetermined deformation of the battery module.
Die zu dem Batteriemodul elektrisch verschalteten Einzelzellen können anhand von Verbindungselementen seriell und/oder parallel elektrisch miteinander verbunden werden. Die Verbindungselemente sind dabei z. B. als Zellenverbinder, Schraub- oder Steckelemente ausgeführt. Mit dieser seriellen und/oder parallelen Verschaltung ist eine Anpassung einer elektrischen Betriebsspannung und eines elektrischen Betriebsstroms des Batteriemoduls an eine vorgesehene Verwendung mit einem geringen Platzbedarf möglich.The individual cells which are electrically connected to the battery module can be electrically connected to one another by means of connecting elements in series and / or in parallel. The fasteners are z. B. designed as a cell connector, screw or plug-in elements. With this serial and / or parallel connection is an adaptation of a electrical operating voltage and an electrical operating current of the battery module to an intended use with a small footprint possible.
Zusätzlich sind anhand einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung mehrere Batteriemodule modular elektrisch und mechanisch koppelbar, wodurch eine an einen Einbauort angepasste äußere Form des Batteriemoduls erreicht und daraus folgend eine Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls in unterschiedlichen Anwendungen ermöglicht wird.In addition, based on an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a plurality of battery modules can be modularly coupled electrically and mechanically, whereby an adapted to a location outer shape of the battery module and consequently allows use of the battery module according to the invention in different applications.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Dabei zeigen:Showing:
Fig. 1 schematisch ein Batteriemodul mit rund ausgeführten Einzelzellen,1 schematically shows a battery module with round running single cells,
Fig. 2 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung eines Batteriemoduls gemäß Figur 1,2 is a schematic sectional view of a battery module according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Batteriemoduls gemäß Figur 1,3 schematically an exploded view of a battery module according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 4 schematisch ein geöffnetes Batteriemodul gemäß Figur 1,4 shows schematically an opened battery module according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 5 schematisch einen Ausschnitt eines Batteriemoduls,5 schematically shows a section of a battery module,
Fig. 6 schematisch ein Batteriemodul mit flach ausgeführten Einzelzellen, Fig. 7 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung eines Batteriemoduls gemäß Figur 6, und6 shows schematically a battery module with flat individual cells, 7 is a schematic sectional view of a battery module according to FIG. 6, and FIG
Fig. 8 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Batteriemoduls gemäß Figur 7.8 is a schematic exploded view of a battery module according to FIG. 7.
Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.
In Figur 1 ist ein Batteriemodul 1 dargestellt, welches aus rund ausgeführten Einzelzellen 2 aufgebaut ist. Die Einzelzellen 2 sind in nicht näher dargestellter Art und Weise seriell und/oder parallel elektrisch miteinander verbunden. Diese Verbindung wird z. B. mit Zellenverbindern, Schraub- oder Steckelementen hergestellt.FIG. 1 shows a battery module 1, which is constructed from round individual cells 2. The individual cells 2 are connected in a manner not shown serially and / or in parallel with each other electrically. This connection is z. B. made with cell connectors, screw or plug-in elements.
Ein die Einzelzellen 2 umschließendes Gehäuse wird mittels einer formschlüssigen Verbindung einer oberen Gehäuseplatte 3.1 mit einer unteren Gehäuseplatte 3.2 erreicht. Dazu sind die Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2, wie in Figur 5 dargestellt, an einem ersten Außenrand 4 mit einer Ausbuchtung 5 und an einem zweiten Außenrand 6 mit einer zu der Ausbuchtung 5 korrespondierenden Einbuchtung 7 versehen.A housing enclosing the individual cells 2 is achieved by means of a positive connection of an upper housing plate 3.1 with a lower housing plate 3.2. For this purpose, the housing plates 3.1, 3.2, as shown in Figure 5, provided at a first outer edge 4 with a bulge 5 and at a second outer edge 6 with a corresponding to the bulge 5 indentation 7.
In der jeweiligen Gehäuseplatte 3.1, 3.2 verlaufen weiterhin Kühlkanäle 8, die mit einem nicht dargestellten flüssigen oder gasförmigen Kühlmittel durchflössen sind.In the respective housing plate 3.1, 3.2 continue to run cooling channels 8, which are traversed by a liquid or gaseous coolant, not shown.
Um einen Wärmeeintrag aus einer Umgebung des Batteriemoduls 1 zu verringern, ist auf die Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 eine thermisch isolierende Schicht 9, beispielsweise eine Schaumbeschichtung, aufgebracht. Mittels nicht näher dargestellter Vorrichtungen und der oben beschriebenen elektrischen Verbindung der Einzelzellen 2 ist es möglich, mehrere Batteriemodule 1 modular mechanisch und elektrisch miteinander zu verbinden. Somit kann mittels einer Verbindung mehrerer Batteriemodule 1 eine an vorgegebene Platzverhältnisse und elektrische Anforderungen angepasste Anwendung geschaffen werden.In order to reduce a heat input from an environment of the battery module 1, a thermally insulating layer 9, for example a foam coating, is applied to the housing plates 3.1, 3.2. By means not shown in detail and the above-described electrical connection of the individual cells 2, it is possible to combine a plurality of battery modules 1 modular mechanically and electrically. Thus, by means of a connection of a plurality of battery modules 1, an application adapted to given space conditions and electrical requirements can be created.
Figur 2 zeigt das Batteriemodul 1 gemäß Figur 1 in einer Schnittdarsteilung.FIG. 2 shows the battery module 1 according to FIG. 1 in a sectional representation.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung des Batteriemoduls 1 gemäß Figur 1. Hierbei ist eine den Einzelzellen 2 zugewandte Innenseite der jeweiligen Gehäuseplatte 3.1, 3.2 mit Aussparungen 10 versehen, die einer Form der Einzelzellen 2 entsprechen. Über die so erzielte große Wärmeaustauschfläche werden Wärmeverluste der Einzelzellen 2 bei einem Laden und/oder Entladen an die Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 abgegeben.FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the battery module 1 according to FIG. 1. In this case, an inner side of the respective housing plate 3.1, 3.2 facing the individual cells 2 is provided with recesses 10 which correspond to a shape of the individual cells 2. Heat losses of the individual cells 2 are released to the housing plates 3.1, 3.2 during charging and / or discharging via the large heat exchange area thus achieved.
Die Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 geben die aufgenommene Wärme an das in den Kühlkanälen 8 befindliche Kühlmittel ab. Dazu sind die Kühlkanäle 8 eingangsseitig in nicht dargestellter Art und Weise mit einem Versorgungssystem verbunden, welches das Kühlmittel bevorratet. Ausgangsseitig wird das Kühlmittel z. B. einem nicht näher dargestellten Kühlkörper zugeführt, der die Wärme des Kühlmittels aufnimmt und an die Umgebung des Batteriemoduls 1 abgibt. Das abgekühlte Kühlmittel wird anschließend wieder eingangsseitig den Kühlkanälen 8 zugeführt, so dass ein geschlossener Kühlkreislauf entsteht.The housing plates 3.1, 3.2 release the absorbed heat to the coolant located in the cooling channels 8. For this purpose, the cooling channels 8 are connected on the input side in a manner not shown with a supply system, which stores the coolant. On the output side, the coolant z. B. supplied to a heat sink, not shown, which receives the heat of the coolant and emits to the environment of the battery module 1. The cooled coolant is then fed again to the input side of the cooling channels 8, so that a closed cooling circuit is formed.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind in die Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 nicht näher dargestellte Verformungsnuten eingebracht, mit denen eine aus einer Einwirkung einer äußeren Kraft auf das Batteriemodul 1 resultierende Verformung des Batteriemoduls 1 vorgebbar ist. Ist das Batteriemodul 1 beispielsweise für eine mobile Anwendung in einem nicht näher dargestelltenIn an advantageous embodiment of the invention 3.1 deformation grooves not shown in detail are introduced into the housing plates 3.1, with which one of an action of an external force on the battery module. 1 resulting deformation of the battery module 1 can be predetermined. Is the battery module 1, for example, for a mobile application in a non-illustrated
Fahrzeugkofferraum angeordnet, wirkt bei einer Kollision die äußere Kraft auf das Batteriemodul 1. Die Verformungsnuten ermöglichen dabei die Verformung des Batteriemoduls 1 gemäß einer Verformung des Fahrzeugkofferraums.Vehicle trunk arranged, acts in a collision, the external force on the battery module 1. The deformation grooves thereby allow the deformation of the battery module 1 according to a deformation of the vehicle trunk space.
Figur 4 zeigt ein geöffnetes Batteriemodul gemäß Figur 1, bei welchem die Einzelzellen 2 in die Aussparungen 10 der unteren Gehäuseplatte 3.2 eingelegt sind.FIG. 4 shows an opened battery module according to FIG. 1, in which the individual cells 2 are inserted into the recesses 10 of the lower housing plate 3.2.
Figur 5 stellt einen Ausschnitt eines Batteriemoduls 1 dar, der insbesondere eine mögliche Ausführungsform zur formschlüssigen Verbindung der Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 zeigt. Die unter Figur 1 beschriebene formschlüssige Verbindung beider Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 wird anhand der an dem ersten Außenrand 4 angeordneten Ausbuchtung 5 in Verbindung mit der an dem zweiten Außenrand 6 angeordneten, zu der Ausbuchtung 5 korrespondierenden Einbuchtung 7 erreicht. Die Ausbuchtung 5 und die Einbuchtung 7 sind dabei trapezförmig ausgebildet. Durch ein Einschieben der oberen Gehäuseplatte 3.1 in die untere Gehäuseplatte 3.2 in eine Richtung z wird die formschlüssige Verbindung beider Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 realisiert. Beide Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 sind dabei in eine Richtung x und eine Richtung y nicht verschiebbar. Um eine Verschiebung der Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 zueinander in die Richtung z zu vermeiden, sind nicht näher dargestellte Vorrichtungen, z. B. Verriegelungslaschen, an den Gehäuseplatten 3 angeordnet.FIG. 5 shows a detail of a battery module 1, which in particular shows a possible embodiment for the positive connection of the housing plates 3.1, 3.2. The form-fitting connection of both housing plates 3.1, 3.2 described with reference to FIG. 1 is achieved on the basis of the bulge 5 arranged on the first outer edge 4 in conjunction with the indentation 7, which is arranged on the second outer edge 6 and corresponds to the bulge 5. The bulge 5 and the indentation 7 are trapezoidal. By inserting the upper housing plate 3.1 in the lower housing plate 3.2 in a direction z, the positive connection of the two housing plates 3.1, 3.2 realized. Both housing plates 3.1, 3.2 are not displaceable in a direction x and a direction y. In order to avoid a displacement of the housing plates 3.1, 3.2 to each other in the direction z, are not shown devices, for. B. locking tabs, arranged on the housing plates 3.
In Figur 6 ist ein Batteriemodul 1 mit flach ausgeführten Einzelzellen 2 dargestellt. Die Funktionsweise des Batteriemoduls 1 entspricht der unter Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform mit dem Unterschied, dass die Einzelzellen 2 flach ausgeführt sind und eine Form der in Figur 8 dargestellten Aussparungen 10 der Gehäuseplatten 3 mit den flach ausgeführten Einzelzellen 2 korrespondiert.FIG. 6 shows a battery module 1 with flat individual cells 2. The mode of operation of the battery module 1 corresponds to that shown in FIG Embodiment with the difference that the individual cells 2 are made flat and corresponds to a shape of the recesses 10 shown in Figure 8 of the housing plates 3 with the flat running single cells 2.
Mit den flach ausgeführten Einzelzellen 2 ist es insbesondere möglich, in vorteilhafter Weise eine an vorgesehene, flach konstruierte Einbauplätze des Batteriemoduls 1 angepasste flache Ausführung des Batteriemoduls 1 zu erreichen.With the flat individual cells 2, it is possible, in particular, to advantageously achieve a flat design of the battery module 1 which is adapted to intended, flatly constructed slots of the battery module 1.
Figur 7 zeigt das Batteriemodul 1 gemäß Figur 6 in einer Schnittdarstellung.FIG. 7 shows the battery module 1 according to FIG. 6 in a sectional view.
Figur 8 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung des Batteriemoduls 1 gemäß Figur 6. Hierbei sind die den flach ausgeführten Einzelzellen 2 zugewandten Innenseiten derFIG. 8 shows an exploded view of the battery module 1 according to FIG. 6. In this case, the inner sides of the flat individual cells 2 facing the
Gehäuseplatten 3.1, 3.2 mit Aussparungen 10 versehen, die der flachen Form der Einzelzellen 2 entsprechen. Im Weiteren entsprechen die Funktion und Ausgestaltung des Batteriemoduls 1 dem unter Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel . Housing plates 3.1, 3.2 provided with recesses 10 corresponding to the flat shape of the individual cells 2. In addition, the function and design of the battery module 1 correspond to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
Bezugs zeichenlisteReference sign list
1 Batteriemodul1 battery module
2 Einzelzellen2 single cells
3.1 Gehäuseplatte3.1 housing plate
3.2 Gehäuseplatte3.2 housing plate
4 Erster Außenrand4 First outer edge
5 Ausbuchtung5 bulge
6 Zweiter Außenrand6 Second outer edge
7 Einbuchtung7 indentation
8 Kühlkanal8 cooling channel
9 Thermisch isolierende Schicht9 Thermally insulating layer
10 Aussparung10 recess
x Richtung y Richtung z Richtung x direction y direction z direction

Claims

Daimler AGPatentansprüche Daimler AG patent claims
1. Batteriemodul (1) mit mehreren Einzelzellen (2), die zwischen zwei oder mehreren Kühlvorrichtungen angeordnet sind, wobei die Einzelzellen (2) in einem direkten Wärme leitenden Kontakt mit der Kühlvorrichtung stehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung gleichzeitig als Gehäuse des Batteriemoduls (1) ausgeführt ist.1. Battery module (1) having a plurality of individual cells (2), which are arranged between two or more cooling devices, wherein the individual cells (2) are in direct thermal contact with the cooling device, characterized in that the cooling device at the same time as a housing of the battery module (1) is executed.
2. Batteriemodul (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung als formstabile2. Battery module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling device as dimensionally stable
Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) mit Kühlkanälen (8) ausgebildet ist.Housing plate (3.1, 3.2) with cooling channels (8) is formed.
3. Batteriemodul (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine den Einzelzellen (2) zugewandte Innenseite der Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) mit Aussparungen (10) versehen ist, die einer Form der Einzelzellen (2) entsprechen.3. Battery module (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the individual cells (2) facing the inside of the housing plate (3.1, 3.2) is provided with recesses (10) corresponding to a shape of the individual cells (2).
4. Batteriemodul (1) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zu einer formschlüssigen Verbindung zweier Gehäuseplatten (3.1, 3.2) ein erster Außenrand (4) der Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) als eine Ausbuchtung (5) und ein zweiter Außenrand (6) der Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) als eine zu der Ausbuchtung (5) korrespondierende Einbuchtung (7) ausgebildet ist.4. Battery module (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that for a positive connection of two housing plates (3.1, 3.2) has a first outer edge (4) of the housing plate (3.1, 3.2) as a bulge (5) and a second outer edge (6) of the housing plate (3.1, 3.2) as a to the bulge (5) corresponding indentation (7) is formed.
5. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) aus einem Kunststoff gefertigt ist.5. Battery module (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the housing plate (3.1, 3.2) is made of a plastic.
6. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) aus einem Metall gefertigt ist, wobei auf der den Einzelzellen (2) zugewandten Innenseite der Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) eine elektrisch isolierende Schicht aufgebracht ist.6. Battery module (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the housing plate (3.1, 3.2) is made of a metal, wherein on the individual cells (2) facing the inside of the housing plate (3.1, 3.2) an electrically insulating layer is applied.
7. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einer den Einzelzellen (2) abwandten Außenseite der Gehäuseplatte (3.1, 3.2) eine thermisch isolierende Schicht (9) angeordnet ist.7. Battery module (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that on a single cell (2) facing away from the outside of the housing plate (3.1, 3.2), a thermally insulating layer (9) is arranged.
8. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels einer Einbringung von Verformungsnuten in die Gehäuseplatte eine definierte Verformung des Batteriemoduls (1) bei einer äußeren Krafteinwirkung auf das Batteriemodul (1) vorgebbar ist.8. Battery module (1) according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that by means of an introduction of deformation grooves in the housing plate a defined deformation of the battery module (1) at an external force on the battery module (1) can be predetermined.
9. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlkanäle (8) einen geschlossenen Kühlkreislauf ausbilden, wobei die Kühlkanäle (8) von einem flüssigen oder einem gasförmigen Kühlmittel durchflössen sind. 9. Battery module (1) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the cooling channels (8) form a closed cooling circuit, wherein the cooling channels (8) are flowed through by a liquid or a gaseous coolant.
10. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass10. Battery module (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that
Verbindungselemente die Einzelzellen (2) seriell und/oder parallel elektrisch verbinden.Connecting elements connect the individual cells (2) in series and / or parallel electrically.
11. Batteriemodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Batteriemodule (1) modular elektrisch und mechanisch koppelbar sind. 11. Battery module (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a plurality of battery modules (1) are modular electrically and mechanically coupled.
PCT/EP2008/010774 2007-12-20 2008-11-29 Battery module comprising a plurality of individual cells WO2009080270A2 (en)

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