WO2009078630A1 - Antenne du type à réseau de cornets comprenant un filtre de biais - Google Patents

Antenne du type à réseau de cornets comprenant un filtre de biais Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009078630A1
WO2009078630A1 PCT/KR2008/007392 KR2008007392W WO2009078630A1 WO 2009078630 A1 WO2009078630 A1 WO 2009078630A1 KR 2008007392 W KR2008007392 W KR 2008007392W WO 2009078630 A1 WO2009078630 A1 WO 2009078630A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polarization
layer
guide
antenna
skew filter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2008/007392
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Seung Joon Im
Chang Wan Ryu
Jae Ho Ko
Original Assignee
Idoit Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020080080536A external-priority patent/KR20090064286A/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020080080539A external-priority patent/KR100905914B1/ko
Application filed by Idoit Co., Ltd. filed Critical Idoit Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009078630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009078630A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/025—Multimode horn antennas; Horns using higher mode of propagation
    • H01Q13/0258—Orthomode horns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a horn array type antenna with skew filter, and more particularly, a horn array type antenna with skew filter for improving an antenna performance and reducing a size of antenna.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a horn array antenna having an improved antenna performance and a small size.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a horn array antenna having a skew filter capable of changing the directivity of the polarization wave, which is inappropriate for an antenna to receive, toward appropriate direction.
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization for receiving a first polarization and a second polarization which includes a plurality of horns to which the first and second polarizations enter together, a plurality of polarization filtering units provided to the horns, to separate the first and second polarizations from the mixture of the first and second polarizations entering the horns, a first polarization guide to guide the first polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units, and a second polarization guide to guide the second polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units.
  • the first polarization guide includes a first guide unit to receive the first polarization through one and the other ends thereof, the first polarization received having been separated at the first and second polarization filtering units, a second guide unit to receive the first polarization through one and the other ends thereof, the first polarization received having been separated at the third and fourth polarization filtering units, a first relay unit to connect a portion of the first guide unit with a portion of the second guide unit, and mix the first polarization provided from the first and second guide units, and a first mixing unit connected to a portion of the first relay unit, to receive the first polarization mixed at the first relay unit.
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization for receiving a first polarization and a second polarization includes a plurality of horns to which the first and second polarizations enter together, a plurality of polarization filtering units provided to the horns, to separate the first and second polarizations from the mixture of the first and second polarizations entering the horns, a first polarization guide to guide the first polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units, and a second polarization guide to guide the second polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units.
  • the second polarization guide includes a first direction changing unit to change an advancing direction of the second polarization provided from the first polarization filtering unit, a second direction changing unit to change an advancing direction of the second polarization provided from the second polarization filtering unit, a third direction changing unit to change an advancing direction of the second polarization provided from the third polarization filtering unit, a fourth direction changing unit to change an advancing direction of the second polarization provided from the fourth polarization filtering unit, a first guide unit to connect the first and third direction changing units, and mix the second polarization provided from the first and third direction changing units, a second guide unit to connect the second and fourth direction changing units, and mix the second polarization provided from the second and fourth direction changing units, a first relay unit to connect a portion of the first guide unit with a portion of the second guide unit, and mix the second polarization provided from the first and second guide units, and a first mixing unit connected to a portion of the first relay unit, to guide so that the second polarization
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization for receiving a first polarization and a second polarization includes a plurality of horns to which the first and second polarizations enter together, a plurality of polarization filtering units to separate the first and second polarizations from the mixture of the first and second polarizations entering the horns, a first polarization guide to guide the first polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units, and a second polarization guide to guide the second polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units.
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization for receiving a first polarization and a second polarization includes a plurality of horns to which the first and second polarizations enter together, a plurality of polarization filtering units to separate the first and second polarizations from the mixture of the first and second polarizations entering the horns, a first polarization guide to guide the first polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units, a second polarization guide to guide the second polarization which is separated at the polarization filtering units, and a skew filter to change an angle of at least one of the first and second polarizations.
  • a horn array antenna includes a plurality of horns to which electromagnetic waves enter, a guide to guide the electromagnetic waves entering into the horns, and a skew filter to change an angle of the electromagnetic waves.
  • an antenna provides improved performance and reduced size.
  • a skew filter is applicable to the horn array antenna to change a direction of electric field of the polarization to an appropriate direction, if the polarization has a direction of electric field inappropriate for the antenna to receive.
  • the antenna has improved receptivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a exploded perspective view of each layer of horn array antenna for dual linear polarization according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the second layer of Fig. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the second layer
  • FIG. 4 is a rear view of the second layer
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the third layer of Fig. 1 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the third layer
  • Fig. 7 is a rear view of the third layer
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of the fourth layer of Fig. 1 ;
  • FIG. 9 is a perpective view of the fourth layer
  • Fig. 10 is a rear view of the fourth layer
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of the fifth layer
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the fifth layer
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of antenna according to the invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the first layer
  • Fig. 15 is a plan view of the second layer
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the second layer
  • Fig. 17 is a rear view of the second layer
  • Fig. 18 is a plan view of the third layer of antenna of Fig. 13;
  • FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the third layer
  • Fig. 20 is a rear view of the third layer
  • Fig. 21 is a plan view of the fourth layer of Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the fourth layer
  • FIG. 23 is a rear view of the fourth layer
  • Fig. 24 is a front view of the fith layer of Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 25 is a perspective view of the fifth layer
  • Figs. 26 to 28 are views provided to explain the concept of a skew filter
  • FIGs. 29 to 36 illustrate a method for applying a skew filter to the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization according to embodiments of the present invention
  • Figs. 37 to 41 are views illustrating the variations of the skew filter
  • Figs. 42 to 44 illustrate skew filters whose ends are not in contact with the edges of the inner opening
  • Fig. 45 is a view illustrating an example of employing a skew filter when the horn is not parallel with the polarization filtering unit
  • Figs. 46 and 47 are views illustrating examples of a spacer
  • Fig. 48 is a perspective view of a horn array antenna for single linear polarization applicable to the embodiments of the present invention
  • Fig. 49 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the layers of the horn array antenna of Fig. 48;
  • Fig. 50 is a perspective view of the first layer
  • Fig. 51 is a plan view of the first layer viewed from above;
  • Fig. 52 is a rear view of the first layer viewed from under;
  • Fig. 53 is a perspective view of the second layer
  • Fig. 54 is a plan view of the second layer viewed from above;
  • Fig. 55 is a rear view of the second layer viewed from under;
  • Fig. 56 is a perspective view of the third layer
  • Fig. 57 is a plan view of the third layer viewed from above;
  • Fig. 58 is a rear view of the third layer viewed from under;
  • FIGs. 59 to 61 are views provided to explain concept of a skew filter
  • FIGs. 62 to 65 are views illustrating a method for applying a skew filter to the horn array antenna for single linear polarization according to embodiments of the present invention
  • Fig. 66 is a graphical representation showing movement of a main beam center according to skew filter
  • Fig. 67 is a view illustrating an example where a skew filter is applied
  • Fig. 68 is a view illustrating an angle of a skew filter
  • Fig. 69 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 0°
  • Fig. 70 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 15°
  • Fig. 71 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 30°
  • Fig. 72 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 45°.
  • Fig. 73 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 75°.
  • an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is capable of both transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, for the purpose of convenience of explanation, the description of the antenna will be first focused on the components operating on a reception mode, and explanation of the antenna on the electrimagnetic wave transmission mode will follow.
  • a first polarization (horizontal polarization: H polarization) is horizontal to the equator of the earth
  • a second polarization vertical polarization: V polarization
  • H polarization horizontal to the equator of the earth
  • an antenna is provided with a filter, and may include, for example, a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization or single linear polarization.
  • the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization is capable of receiving two linear polarizations
  • the horn array antenna for single linear polarization is capable of receiving one linear polarization
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization such as the ones disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2007-001683 entitled 'Horn array antenna for dual linear polarization', and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2007-70021929 entitled 'Horn array antenna for dual linear polarization', is applicable, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the horn array antennas for dual linera polarization disclosed in the abovementioned applications are only examples and therefore, should not be construed as limiting. Accordingly, a horn rray antenna for dual linear polarization with different structure may be applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an antenna which is capable of separating two poliarzations and transmitting or receiving the polarizations, can be used according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization applicable in an embodiment of the present invention will be explained.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of each layer of horn array antenna unit for dual linear polarization according to the present invention.
  • the term 'antenna unit' herein refers to an antenna composed of four horns, and even when the horn array antenna includes more than one antenna unit, all the antenna units have the identical operations. Accordingly, the operation of the horn array antenna will be explained below on the basis of one antenna unit for the purpose of convenience of explanation.
  • the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization includes a first layer 100, a second layer 150, a third layer 200, a fourth layer 250, and a fifth layer 300.
  • the first layer 100 is capable of receiving external polarizations.
  • the horn 10 of the first layer 100 is formed in square shape, and thus is capable of receiving two orthogonal polarizations.
  • the first layer 100 includes an inclined portion 15 and a protrusion 18, and also an inner opening.
  • elements such as inclined portion or protrusion are only for illustrative examples, and therefore, other adequate examples may also be applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the second layer of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the second layer
  • Fig. 4 is a rear view of the second layer.
  • the second layer 150 includes a polarization filtering unit 20 connected with the inner opening of the first layer 100, and the polarization filtering unit 20 is passed through the areas adjacent to the respective corners of the second layer 100.
  • the polarization filtering unit 200 includes a first polarization introducing path 21, and an interference protrusion 19.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of the third layer of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the third layer
  • Fig. 7 is a rear view of the third layer.
  • a lower portion of the first polarization guide 30 is formed on an upper side of the third layer 200, and only the polarization filtering unit 20 is passed through the lower side of the third layer 200.
  • Lower portions of the first and second guide tubes 31, 32, the first relay tube 40, and the first mixing tube 45 of the first polarization guide 30 are formed on the upper side of the third layer 200.
  • the rear side of the second layer and the upper side of the third layer form the first polarization guide unit.
  • the first polarizatoin is introduced into the first polarization introducing path 21, and guided along the guide.
  • the polarizations pass in sequence the first and second guide tubes 31, 32, the first relay tube 40, and the first mixing tube 45, and so are mixed with each other (the polarizations are separated from each other in these tubes during antenna radiation).
  • Fig. 8 is a plan view of the fourth layer of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 9 is a perpective view of the fourth layer
  • Fig. 10 is a rear view of the fourth layer.
  • Fig. 11 is a plan view of the fifth layer
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the fifth layer.
  • each of the first to fourth direction changing units 51, 52, 53, 54 includes a protrusion 68 and a reflecting surface 69 therein, but one will understan that these elements are only for illustrative examples, and should not be construed as limiting.
  • the rear side of the fourth layer and the upper side of the fifth layer form a second polarization guide.
  • the second polarization is introduced into the first to fourth direction changing units 51, 52, 53, 54, and mixed with each other as it is pased through the third and fourth guide tubes 55, 60, the second relay tube 63, and the second mixing tube 65 in sequence.
  • a horn array antenna for dual linear polarization according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be explained below, with reference to an example where the horn array antenna includes 32 antenna units.
  • Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of antenna according to the invention
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the first layer
  • Fig. 15 is a plan view of the second layer
  • Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the second layer
  • Fig. 17 is a rear view of the second layer.
  • Fig. 13 shows an antenna having a pluraltiy of layers, namely, a first, second, third, fourth and fifth layers according to an embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, the rear side of the first layer is combined with the planar side of the second layer, the rear side of the second layer is combined with the planar side of the third layer, the rear side of the third layer is combined with the planar side of the fourth layer, and the rear side of the fourth layer is combined with the planar side of the fifth layer.
  • the layers are combined with each other, thereby forming passages to guide the polarizations, while the rear side of the second layer and the planar side of the third layer are combined with each other to form a first polarization guide, and the rear side of the fourth layer and the planar side of the fifth layer are combined with each other to form a second polarization guide.
  • Fig. 18 is a plan view of the third layer of antenna of Fig. 13
  • Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the third layer
  • Fig. 20 is a rear view of the third layer.
  • the rear side of the second layer 150 and the planar side of the third layer 200 form the first polarization guide.
  • the rear side of the second layer 150, and the planar side of the third layer 300 are in symmetry with each other, and when combined with each other, form a space to guide the waves.
  • the process of guiding the first polarization will be explained below based on the plan view of the third layer 300 illustrated in Fig. 18.
  • the first polarization is introduced into the antenna introducing path 21.
  • the first polarizations from the four horns are mixed atthe antenna unit 325, and the first polarization from the antenna unit 325 is mixed with the first polarization from the antenna unit 326 at reference numeral 367.
  • the first polarizations from the antenna units 325, 326, 317, 318 are mixed.
  • the first polrizations are mixed with each other, and eventually, all the first polarizations are mixed at reference numeral 381. Once all the first polarizations are mixed, the first polarizations move toward the first polarization input/ output hole 400.
  • the above refers to an example where the antenna receives electromagnetic waves. Accordingly, if the antenna is operating to radiate electromagnetic waves, the first polarization is passed through the input/output hole 400, and separated as it is passed in a reverse sequence, and as a result, each of the separated first polarizations is moved toward the horn to be radiated.
  • the first polarization input/output hole 400 is passed through the third, fourth and fifth layers as illustrated in Figs. 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 28.
  • the abovementioned passages of the first polarization guide are only an example, and therefore, other types of examples may also be applied.
  • various forms of tubes to collect the filtered first polarizations from the filtering unit may be used as the constituents of the first polarization guide.
  • the rear side of the fourth layer and the upper side of the fifth layer are in symmetry with each other, and combined with each other to guide the electromagnetic waves, that is, to guide the second polarization in particular.
  • the process of guiding the second polarization will be explained below based on the plan view of the fifth layer 300 illustrated in Fig. 24.
  • the second polarization is separated in the polarization separating unit and introduced into the direction changing unit.
  • the second polarizations from the four horns are mixed at the antenna unit 525, and the second polarization from the antenna unit 525 and the second polarization from the antenna unit 517 are mixed with each other at reference numeral 569.
  • the second polarizations from the antenna units 525, 517, 526, 518 are mixed with each other. Accordingly, the second polarizations are mixed in the above- explained manner, and eventually, all the second polarizations are mixed at reference numeral 581.
  • the second polarizations are moved toward the second polarization input/output hole 600.
  • the above refers to an example where the antenna receives electromagnetic waves. Accordingly, if the antenna is operating to radiate electromagnetic waves, the second polarization is passed through the second polarization input/output hole 600, and separated as it is passed in a reverse sequence, and each of the separated second polarizations is moved toward the horn to be radiated.
  • the second polarization input/output hole 600 is passed through the fifth layer as illustrated in Figs. 24 and 26.
  • tubes of the second polarization guide are only examples, and that other forms of example are also applicable.
  • various forms of tubes to filter the second polarizations filtered at the filtering unit may be used as the constituents of the second polarization guide.
  • the embodiments explained above exemplified the constitution including the horn 10, the first polarization guide 30 and the second polarization guide 50, this is also an example. Accordingly, other adequate examples are applicable.
  • at least two from among the horn 10, the first polarization guide 30, and the second polarization guide 50 may be fabricated integrally using method such as injection molding.
  • the number of layers is not limited to the example illustrated in Figs. 2 to 24.
  • the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization has been mainly explained in the above embodiments, one will understand that the horn array antenna for single linear polarization is equally applicable. Any type of antenna is applicable according to the present invention. For example, a single or dual planar horn array type, or a slot antenna type may also be used. Any antenna other than horn array or slot antenna type is also applicable if the antenna is structured to receive and separate two orthogonal polarizations.
  • the direction of electric field of the second polarization being introduced has to be parallel to the lower shorter side of the polarization filtering unit 20 (see Fig. 26) in order to increase the reception rate at the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization explained above.
  • Fig. 27 if the direction of the electric field of the second polarization being introduced is not parallel, but skewed to the lower shorter side of the polarization filtering unit 20, the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization has a poor reception rate of the second polarization.
  • the horn array antenna for dual linera polarization can have a high reception rate, if the antenna is provided with a comb-like skew filter (see Fig. 28).
  • the skew filters according to the embodiments of the present invention such as the skew filter provided on the upper portion of the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization (see Fig. 30), the skew filter provided inside the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization (see Figs. 31, 33, 35), the skew filter provided on the upper portion of the horn array antenna for single linear polarization (see Fig. 106), or the skew filter provided inside the horn array antenna for single linear polarization (see Fig. 104), have been proven to increase the reception rate of the polarizations which are introduced in oblique course.
  • the teeth of the comb-like skew filter are formed at a predetermined angle with respect to the vibrating direction of the electric field of the second polarization being introduced.
  • the predetermined angle may be 90°.
  • the angle of 90° is only an example, and accordingly, more or less than 90°may be adaptively applied depending on the given transmission and reception environment.
  • the angle of incidence of the second polarization is different depending on the location (latitude and longitude) of the area where the horn array antenna 1 is used, and this means that the angle of incidence of the second polarization can be computed based on the latitude and longitude of the location to receive the second po- larization. Accordingly, based on the latitude and longitude of the area to receive the second polarization, the angle of teeth of the skew filter can be decided.
  • the skew filter may be embodied using conductive materials such as copper, nickel, or iron, or alternatively, the skew filter may desirably be embodied by plating synthetic resin with an adequate conductive material.
  • the skew filter may preferably have
  • Figs. 29 to 31 illustrate a method for applying a skew filter to the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • a skew filter provided as a film may be placed on the upper portion of the first layer 100.
  • a skew filter may be formed directly on the upper portion of the first layer 100.
  • the skew filter is formed on the upper portion of the horns 10. The ends of the teeth of the skew filter are in contact with the edge of the outer opening of the horns 10.
  • a film type of skew filter may be inserted between the first and second layers 100, 150.
  • a skew filter may be formed directly on the upper portion of the second layer 150.
  • the skew filter is formed on the lower side of the horns 10. The ends of the teeth of the skew filter are in contact with the lower edge of the horns 10.
  • a skew filter mounted according to the first to fourth methods was proven to increase tarnsmission and reception rate even when the polarization is skewed.
  • the fifth method is to insert a film type skew filter in between the second and third layers 150, 200.
  • the sixth method is to form a skew filter directly on the upper portion of the third layer 200.
  • the skew filter is formed in the center of the polarization filtering unit 20. The ends of the teeth of the skew filter are in contact with the walls of the polarization filtering unit 20.
  • the seventh method is to insert a film type skew filter in between the third and fourth layers 200, 250.
  • the eighth method is to form the skew filter directly on the upper portion of the fourth layer 250.
  • the skew filter is formed on the lower portion of the polarization filtering unit 20.
  • the ends of the teeth of the skew filter are in contact with the walls of the polarization filtering unit 20.
  • the number of teeth of the skew is not limited, and therefore, one or more than one teeth may be formed as occasion demands.
  • the width of the tooth, and the intervals between the teeth are not limited.
  • the ends of the teeth may desirably be rounded. Refer to Figs. 37 to 41 for variations of the skew filter.
  • Figs. 42 to 44 illustrate skew filters whose ends are not in contact with the walls of the polarization filtering units 20.
  • the skew filters illustrated have one tooth, but one will understand that two or more teeth may be employed.
  • the teeth of the skew filter may be formed in various manners other than the examples provided above.
  • the polarization filtering units 10 are parallel to the horns 10 (that is, the sides of the polarization filtering units 20 are parallel to the sides of the horns 10).
  • the polarization filtering units 20 and the horns 10 are not parallel, for example, even when the sides of the polarization filtering units 20 are at 45° with respect to the sides of the horns 10 (Fig. 45), it is still possible to employ the skew filter according to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Two overlaying skew filters may be used, and a spacer may be inserted between the horn array antenna and the skew filter or between the skew filters to provide a space there between.
  • the spacer may be made of, for example, paper, woodrock, or thin sponge plate.
  • the spacer may not be made of a material that disturbs electric waves, since the spacer is inserted between the horn array antenna and the skew filter or between the skew filters to provide, for example, a few millimeters of space.
  • a material with high conductivity is not a good choice for the spacer.
  • the spacer may have a predetermined height (such as a few millimeters) as illustrated in Fig. 46 or Fig. 47, and be provided in a square configuration.
  • the vertical and horizontal sides of the square may desirably correspond to the skew filter, but this is not limiting, since the spacer can have any structure if it provides a space between the skew filter and the horn array antenna for dual linear polarization.
  • a spacer 441 is s square spacer to correspond to the structure of the skew filter.
  • the spacer 44 does not necessarily have the same vertical and horizontal lengths as those of the skew filter, since the spacer is fully satisfactory if it provides a space between the skew filter and the horn array antenna.
  • a spacer 443 is an empty square spacer.
  • An additional structure such as the one similar to a window frame may be provided in the empty space of the spacer 443.
  • a horn array antenna for single linear polarization applicable to the embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail.
  • the applicable horn array antenna for single linear polarization is capable of both transmitting and receiving the electromagnetic waves, for convenience of explanation, the operations of each component part of the horn array antenna will be focused mainly on the receiving end, and then the operations of the horn array antenna as a transmitting end will be explained in the later part of the description.
  • the horn array antenna for single linear polarization is capable of transmitting or receiving both horizontal (H) and vertical (V) polarizations.
  • Fig. 48 is a perspective view of a horn array antenna for single linear polarization applicable to the embodiments of the present invention
  • Fig. 49 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the layers of the horn array antenna of Fig. 48.
  • the horn array antenna 10 for single linear polarization includes three layers 310, 320, 330 overlain on one another.
  • the horn array antenna 10 includes four horns 100 to which electromagnetic waves enter, and a guide 200 to form the electromagnetic waves into a single stream and outputs the electromagnetic waves.
  • Each of the horns 100 is the place where an outer opening 110, an inclined portion 120, a protrusion 130, and an inner opening 140 are formed.
  • the protrusion 130 extends inward from the outer side of the horn 100. Due to the presence of the protrusion 130, the area of the inner opening 140 is smaller than that of the outer opening 110.
  • the inclined portion 120 is inclined inward at the outer side of the horn 100, with reference to the downward direction of the horn 100.
  • the outer opening 110 is square shape
  • the inner opening 140 is rectangular shape. Accordingly, two types of linear polarizations enter the outer opening 110, but only the linear polarization having the direction of electric field that is parallel to the shorter sides of the inner opening 140, can pass to enter the inner opening 140.
  • the horn 100 is formed over the first and second layers 310, 320. Specifically, the upper portion of the horn 100 is formed on the first layer 310, while there is the lower portion of the horn 100 formed on the upper portion of the second layer 320. The upper portion of the horn 100 corresponds to the outer opening 110 and the inclined portion 120, and the lower portion of the horn 100 corresponds to the protrusion 130 and the inner opening 140.
  • the guide 200 is formed over the second and third layers 320, 330. Specifically, an upper portion of the guide 200 is formed on the lower portion of the second layer 320, while there is the lower portion of the guide 200 formed on the third layer 330.
  • Fig. 50 is a perspective view of the first layer 310
  • Fig. 51 is a plan view of the first layer 310 viewed from above
  • Fig. 52 is a rear view of the first layer 310 viewed from under.
  • the outer opening 110 of the horn 100 is formed on the planar side of the first layer 310. There also is an opening in the rear side of the first layer 310.
  • Fig. 53 is a perspective view of the second layer 320
  • Fig. 54 is a plan view of the second layer 320 viewed from above
  • Fig. 55 is a rear view of the second layer 320 viewed from under.
  • the lower portion of the horn 100 and the upper portion of the guide 200 are formed on the second layer 320.
  • Fig. 54 there is an opening formed on a planar side of the second layer 320 (that is, on the upper portion of the second layer 320), which corresponds to the inner opening 140 of the horn 100.
  • the area of the inner opening 140 formed on the second layer 320 is smaller than that of the opening formed on the rear side of the first layer 310.
  • the protrusion 130 is formed as illustrated in Fig. 48.
  • Fig. 56 is a perspective view of the third layer 330
  • Fig. 57 is a plan view of the third layer 330 viewed from above
  • Fig. 58 is a rear view of the third layer 330 viewed from under.
  • the lower portion of the guide 200 is formed on the planar side of the third layer 330, including: 1) four direction changing units 211, 212, 213, 214 to change the advancing direction of the electric waves entering the four horns 100; 2) first guide tube 241 to connect the first and second direction changing units 211, 212; 3) a second guide tube 242 to connect the third and fourth direction changing units 213, 214; 4) a relay tube 260 to connect the first and second guide tubes 241, 242; and 5) a mixing tube 280 to mix the electromagnetic waves transferred from the first and second guide tubes 241, 242 via the relay tube 260 and output the waves.
  • the direction changing units 211, 212, 213, 214 include protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224, and reflecting surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234.
  • Each of the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224 extends upward from the bottom of one side of the direction changing unit 211, 212, 213, 214.
  • the waves entering through the horns 100 hit the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224, the waves change direction to face the reflecting surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234.
  • the reflecting surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234 are formed as triangular columns, on the surfaces of the direction changing units 211, 212, 213, 213 that face the surfaces on which the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224 are formed.
  • the reflecting surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234 reflect the electromagnetic waves whose direction is changed due to the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224, so that the electromagnetic waves enter into the guide tubes 241, 242.
  • the first protruding end 221 and the first reflecting surface 231 of the first direction changing unit 211 are in symmetric mirror image with the second protruding end 222 and the second reflecting surface 232 of the second direction changing unit 212.
  • the third protruding end 223 and the third reflecting surface 233 of the third direction changing unit 213 are in symmetric mirror image with the fourth protruding end 224 and the fourth reflecting surface 234 of the fourth direction changing unit 214.
  • the first guide tube 241 mixes the electromagnetic waves, which changed direction of movement at the first and second direction changing units 211, 212, and provides the electromagnetic waves to the relay tube 260.
  • the second guide tube 242 mixes the electromagnetic waves, which changed direction of movement at the third and fourth direction changing units 213, 214, and provides the electromagnetic waves to the relay tube 260.
  • the first and second guide tubes 241, 242 are in symmetry with the relay tube 260.
  • the first guide tube 241 includes a step 251. Accordingly, one and the other ends of the first guide tube 241, which are connected to the first and second direction changing units 211, 212, have wider widths than that of the middle portion. One single step 251 or more than one steps 251 may be formed.
  • the second guide tube 242 includes a step 252. Accordingly, one and the other ends of the second guide tube 242, which are connected to the third and fourth direction changing units 213, 214, have wider widths than that of the middle portion. One single step 252 or more than one steps 252 may be formed.
  • the first and second guide tubes 241, 242 are connected with each other by the relay tube 260 by their middle portions.
  • the relay tube 260 is a linear tube, which has a narrow width in the middle portion than in one and the other ends. To achieve this, the relay tube 260 includes a protruding portion 270 extending inward by a predetermined length from a wall connected to the mixing tube 280.
  • the protruding portion 270 is formed on a wall that is connected to the mixing tube 280, this is not limited.
  • the protruding portion 270 may be formed on the opposite wall.
  • more than one protruding portion 270 may be formed with various lengths. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the frequency of the electromagnetic waves mixed at the mixing tube 280, by adjusting the number, length, and width of the protruding portions 270.
  • the mixing tube 280 extends from the middle portion of the relay tube 260, bent once to parallel relation with the relay tube 260, and bent again to form a right angle with the relay tube 260.
  • a slant surface is formed on the outer edge of the first bent of the mixing tube to change the advancing direction of the electromagnetic waves, and another slant surface 292 is formed on the outer edge of the second bent to change the advancing direction of the electromagnetic waves.
  • the electromagnetic waves entering through the relay tube 260 are mixed at the mixing tube 280, change the direction due to the slant surfaces 291, 292, and exit.
  • Electromagnetic waves enter into the outer opening 110 of the horn 100, and guided along the inclined portion 120.
  • the linear polarization having the direction of electric field that is same as the wider width of the inner opening 140 does not pass the inner opening 140, while the linear polarization having the direction of electric field that is same as the narrower width of the inner opening 140 - the width is reduced due to the presence of the protrusion 130 - passes the inner opening 140 and enters the guide 200.
  • the linear polarization that passes the inner opening 140 moves to the direction changing units 211, 212, 213, 214 formed on the guide 200, hits the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224 formed on the direction changing units 211, 212, 213, 214 and changes the advancing direction.
  • the linear polarization having changed direction is reflected against the reflecting surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234, and enters the guide tubes 241, 242.
  • the linear polarizations from the first and second guide tubes 241, 242 enter into the relay tube 260 start to be mixed with each other in the middle portion of the relay tube 260, and advance to the mixing tube 280.
  • the linear polarization entering the mixing tube 280 change the advancing direction due to the slant surfaces 291, 292, and move to be discharged.
  • the linear polarization waves enter the mixing tube 280 of the guide 200, and split into two streams in the middle portion of the relay tube 250 which are guided into the first and second guide tubes 241, 242, respectively. Accordingly, the waves advance along the first and second guide tubes 241, 242 and move forward to one and the other ends of the first and second guide tubes 241, 242.
  • the split streams of the linear polarization are reflected against the reflecting surfaces 231, 232, 233, 234 of the direction changing units 211, 212, 213, 214, and provided to the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224.
  • the linear polarization provided to the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224 change the direction of movement toward the horns 100 as it hits upon the protruding ends 221, 222, 223, 224, and radiated to outside through the inclined portions 120 of the horns 100.
  • the horn array antenna 10 for single linear polarization employs four horns 100, this is only for illustrative purpose. Therefore, it is possible that the horn array antenna 10 for single linear polarization according to embodiments of the present invention can employ more than, or less than four horns 100 as occasion demands.
  • the receptivity of linear polarization may still be good even when the linear polarization entering has the direction of electric field that is inclined, rather than parallel to the shorter sides of the inner opening 140. That is, referring to Fig. 61, there is a comb-pattern skew filter provided to the horn array antenna 10 for single linear polarization.
  • the teeth of the comb-like skew filter are formed at a predetermined angle with respect to the vibrating direction of the electric field of the second polarization being introduced.
  • the predetermined angle may be 90°.
  • the angle of 90° is only an example, and accordingly, more or less than 90°may be adaptively applied depending on the given transmission and reception environment.
  • the angle of incidence of the linear polarization is different depending on the location (latitude and longitude) of the area where the horn array antenna 10 is used, and this means that the angle of incidence of the linear polarization can be computed based on the latitude and longitude of the location to receive the linear polarization. Accordingly, based on the latitude and longitude of the area to receive the linear polarization, the angle of teeth of the skew filter can be decided.
  • the skew filter may be embodied using conductive materials such as copper, nickel, or iron, or alternatively, the skew filter may desirably be embodied by plating synthetic resin with an adequate conductive material.
  • the skew filter may preferably have 0.03mm to lmm of thickness, but this may vary as occasion demands.
  • Figs. 62 to 65 illustrate a method for applying a skew filter to the horn array antenna 10 for single linear polarization according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • a skew filter 410 provided as a film may be inserted between the first and second layers 310, 320.
  • a skew filter may be formed directly on the upper portion of the second layer 320.
  • the skew filter is formed on the lower portion of the horns 100.
  • the ends of the teeth of the skew filter are in contact with the edge of the inner opening 140.
  • a film type of skew filter 420 may be attached to the upper portion of the first layer 310.
  • a skew filter may be formed directly on the upper portion of the first layer 310.
  • the skew filter is formed on the upper side of the horns 100.
  • the ends of the teeth of the skew filter are in contact with the edge of the outer opening 110.
  • the number of teeth of the skew is not limited, and therefore, one or more than one teeth may be formed as occasion demands. Furthermore, the width of the tooth, and the intervals between the teeth are not limited. The ends of the teeth may desirably be rounded. Refer to Figs. 37 to 41 for variations of the skew filter.
  • Figs. 42 to 44 illustrate skew filters whose ends are not in contact with the edges of the inner opening 140.
  • the skew filters illustrated have one tooth, but one will understand that two or more teeth may be employed. Although not illustrated, one will understand that the skew filters may be embodied so that the teeth are not in contact with the edges of the outer opening 110.
  • the film type skew filter can have ends of the teeth that do not contact the inner or outer opening 140, 110, and it is necessary to coat the skew filter as a thin layer of nonconductive material to fix the teeth in position.
  • the teeth of the skew filter may be formed in various manners other than the examples provided above.
  • the inner openings 140 are parallel to the outer openings 110 (that is, the edges of the inner openings 140 are parallel to the edges of the outer openings 110).
  • the inner and outer openings 140, 110 are not parallel, for example, even when the edges of the inner openings 140 are at 45° with respect to the edges of the outer openings 110 (Fig. 45), it is still possible to employ the skew filter according to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Two overlaying skew filters may be used, and a spacer may be inserted between the horn array antenna 10 and the skew filter or between the skew filters to provide a space there between.
  • a spacer may be inserted between the horn array antenna 10 and the skew filter or between the skew filters to provide a space there between.
  • Fig. 66 is a graphical representation showing movement of a main beam center according to skew filter.
  • PHI has the highest gain at 90 deg when the skew filter is 0 deg.
  • the center of the beam gradually moves as the skew filter moves to 90 deg.
  • a certain level of gain is maintained regardless of the movement of the skew filter.
  • the gain decreases as the skew filter passes a certain point.
  • Fig. 67 is a view illustrating an example where a skew filter is applied and Fig. 68 is a view illustrating an angle of a skew filter.
  • Fig. 67 shows a skew filter having an embedded antenna, and referring to Fig. 68, the center of the main beam is changeable according to the change of angle.
  • the reference character 'A' in Fig. 68 denotes an angle.
  • Fig. 69 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 0°
  • Fig. 70 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 15°
  • Fig. 71 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 30°
  • Fig. 72 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 45°
  • Fig. 73 is a view illustrating the simulation result obtained at an angle of 75°.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une antenne à réseau de cornets sur laquelle est installé un filtre de biais. La présence de ce filtre de biais permet à l'antenne de maintenir aisément le débit d'émission et de réception même lorsque les ondes électromagnétiques ont une direction de vibration qui est inclinée.
PCT/KR2008/007392 2007-12-14 2008-12-12 Antenne du type à réseau de cornets comprenant un filtre de biais WO2009078630A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2007-0130952 2007-12-14
KR20070130952 2007-12-14
KR20080054854 2008-06-11
KR10-2008-0054854 2008-06-11
KR10-2008-0080539 2008-08-18
KR10-2008-0080536 2008-08-18
KR1020080080536A KR20090064286A (ko) 2007-12-14 2008-08-18 싱글 선형편파 혼어레이 안테나
KR1020080080539A KR100905914B1 (ko) 2007-09-03 2008-08-18 듀얼 선형편파 혼어레이 안테나

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009078630A1 true WO2009078630A1 (fr) 2009-06-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KR2008/007392 WO2009078630A1 (fr) 2007-12-14 2008-12-12 Antenne du type à réseau de cornets comprenant un filtre de biais

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009078630A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140145893A1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2014-05-29 Wiworld Co., Ltd. Ultra-Wideband Dual Linear Polarized Wave Waveguide Antenna for Communication
CN105161862A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2015-12-16 上海航天测控通信研究所 一种一体化六频段多用途复合馈源

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3754271A (en) * 1972-07-03 1973-08-21 Gte Sylvania Inc Broadband antenna polarizer
US5258768A (en) * 1990-07-26 1993-11-02 Space Systems/Loral, Inc. Dual band frequency reuse antenna
WO1995023440A1 (fr) * 1994-02-26 1995-08-31 Fortel Technology Limited Antennes hyperfrequence
WO2003017424A1 (fr) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-27 Argus Technologies (Australia) Pty Ltd Antennes a guide d'ondes
WO2008069358A1 (fr) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-12 Idoit Co., Ltd. Antenne de type en réseau à cornet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3754271A (en) * 1972-07-03 1973-08-21 Gte Sylvania Inc Broadband antenna polarizer
US5258768A (en) * 1990-07-26 1993-11-02 Space Systems/Loral, Inc. Dual band frequency reuse antenna
WO1995023440A1 (fr) * 1994-02-26 1995-08-31 Fortel Technology Limited Antennes hyperfrequence
WO2003017424A1 (fr) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-27 Argus Technologies (Australia) Pty Ltd Antennes a guide d'ondes
WO2008069358A1 (fr) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-12 Idoit Co., Ltd. Antenne de type en réseau à cornet

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140145893A1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2014-05-29 Wiworld Co., Ltd. Ultra-Wideband Dual Linear Polarized Wave Waveguide Antenna for Communication
US9461366B2 (en) * 2011-06-09 2016-10-04 Wiworld Co., Ltd. Ultra-wideband dual linear polarized wave waveguide antenna for communication
CN105161862A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2015-12-16 上海航天测控通信研究所 一种一体化六频段多用途复合馈源
CN105161862B (zh) * 2015-08-13 2017-12-01 上海航天测控通信研究所 一种一体化六频段多用途复合馈源

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