WO2009070813A1 - Up-flow filtration apparatus and method - Google Patents
Up-flow filtration apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009070813A1 WO2009070813A1 PCT/ZA2008/000106 ZA2008000106W WO2009070813A1 WO 2009070813 A1 WO2009070813 A1 WO 2009070813A1 ZA 2008000106 W ZA2008000106 W ZA 2008000106W WO 2009070813 A1 WO2009070813 A1 WO 2009070813A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filtration apparatus
- tank
- liquid
- filtration
- flow filtration
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
- B01D24/16—Upward filtration
- B01D24/165—Upward filtration the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/36—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed fluidised during the filtration
Definitions
- THIS invention relates to an up-flow filtration apparatus. More specifically, the invention relates to a modular and cost effective up-flow filtration apparatus and method of using such apparatus.
- Up-flow filtration and down-flow sand filtration systems are the most commonly used systems for filtering water. Typically, these systems are utilised in large scale filtration plants that service whole communities at a time.
- a plant of the aforesaid capacity can take anywhere from 6 to 12 months to construct and commission; (iii) they are labour intensive to operate. This contributes to high operating costs and the risk of downtime in the event of the labour force downing tools; (iv) they are generally inefficient and outdated. Many of these plants are no longer capable of supplying the required capacity of filtered water, and do not lend themselves to modular construction and accordingly, to increase the capacity of the existing plant is not easily achieved; (v) they are remote from the location where the filtered water is required. This is particularly relevant where the continuous and reliant supply of filtered water is paramount to continued production in an operation; and (vi) they require large amounts of service water (approximately 8 to 15% bed volume) for flushing.
- an up-flow filtration apparatus for filtering liquid including:
- a lower screen located near a bottom end of the tank and an upper screen located near a top end of the tank, the lower and upper screens defining a plurality of apertures for allowing the passage of liquid therethrough;
- the tank may be an opened topped tank or a closed tank.
- the tank defines a primary inlet, located beneath or above the lower screen, for introducing liquid to be filtered into the tank and a primary outlet, located above the upper screen, for removing filtered liquid from the tank.
- the primary inlet is located beneath the lower screen.
- the primary inlet and outlet are connectable to a primary inlet line and primary outlet line respectively.
- the filtration media occupies 50% to 90% of the volume of the tank defined between the lower and upper screens.
- One or more intermediary screens may be located between the lower and upper screens for containing layers of filtration media having different specific densities and sizes therebetween.
- the filtration media has a specific density equal to or less than the liquid to be filtered so as to allow the filtration media to float on the liquid.
- the liquid to be filtered is water and the specific density of the filtration media is 1 or less.
- the filtration media comprises a plurality of bead or pellet type units. More preferably, the filtration media is made from a polyethylene or other type of synthetic material.
- the apertures in the screens may be in the form of nozzles.
- the filtration apparatus may further include a means for agitating the filtration media during an agitation cycle, the agitating means causing impurities captured in the filtration media during the filtration cycle to be dislodged therefrom.
- the agitating means is a fluid pump for pumping a gaseous fluid into the tank, thereby agitating the filtration media.
- the tank defines a secondary inlet through which the gaseous fluid is introducible into the tank.
- the secondary inlet is located beneath the lower screen and is in fluid communication with the fluid pump via a secondary inlet line. More preferably, the secondary inlet line comprises a one way valve allowing flow in a direction from the fluid pump to the tank only.
- the fluid pump is in the form of a blower, fan or compressor and the gaseous fluid is air.
- the tank may define a secondary outlet, located beneath the lower screen, for allowing liquid in the tank to be drained therefrom during a drainage cycle.
- the secondary outlet is connectable to a secondary outlet line for routing liquid during the drainage cycle away from the tank.
- the primary inlet and the secondary outlet are integral, the interchangeable use of which being controllable by the operation of one or more valves on the primary inlet and/or secondary outlet lines.
- the tank may further define a tertiary outlet, located above the upper screen for allowing water to exit the tank therethrough during a rinse cycle.
- the tertiary outlet is connectable to a tertiary outlet line for routing liquid during the rinse cycle away from the tank.
- the primary outlet and the tertiary outlet are integral, the interchangeable use of which being controllable by the operation of one or more valves on the primary outlet and/or tertiary outlet lines.
- the operational cycles of the filtration apparatus are manually controllable on the warning of timing devices and/or pressure sensors, which provide an indicator to a manual operator to open and/or close the relevant valves, and to switch the agitation means on and/or off.
- the operational cycles of the filtration apparatus are automatically controllable via a series of timing devices and/or pressure sensors, which devices and/or sensors actuate the relevant valves into their open and/or closed positions, and switch the agitation means on and off, on the occurrence of predetermined time and/or pressure parameters.
- the filtration apparatus may be capable of providing at least about 30 and 37 cubic metres of clean water per square metre of cross sectional area of the tank.
- liquid to be filtered, and not filtered, municipal or other clean water is usable to rinse or flush the filtration apparatus during the rinse cycle.
- the volume of liquid required to rinse or flush the filtration apparatus during the rinse cycle is between 1.1 to 1.9 times the volume of the tank defined between the lower and upper screens. More preferably, the volume of liquid required to rinse or flush the filtration apparatus during the rinse cycle is about 1.3 times the volume of the tank defined between the lower and upper screens.
- the liquid to be filtered, used for rinsing or flushing the filtration apparatus is raw water.
- the filtration system may be modular in that additional filtration apparatuses are connectable to one another as the requirement for greater volumes of filtered liquid increases.
- the apparatus is erectable near or at the location at which the filtered liquid is required.
- chemicals for assisting the filtration and purification of the liquid to be filtered may be added thereto, at any location on the primary inlet line connected to the primary inlet.
- the inlets and outlets are opened and closed, and the agitation means is switched on and off, automatically via the timing devices and/or pressure sensors.
- Figure 1 shows a side view of the filtration apparatus in accordance with the invention during a filtration cycle
- Figure 2 shows a side view of the filtration apparatus during an agitation cycle
- Figure 3 shows a side view of the filtration apparatus during a drainage cycle
- Figure 4 shows a side view of the filtration apparatus during a rinse cycle.
- An up-flow filtration apparatus is designated generally with the reference numeral 10.
- the up-flow filtration apparatus 10 includes a tank 12, a lower screen 14, an upper screen 16 and filtration media 18.
- the lower screen 14 and the upper screen 16 divide the tank into a lower chamber 12A, a middle chamber 12B and an upper chamber 12C.
- the screens 14, 16 are located within the tank 12 between flanges 20, 22 respectively.
- the screens 14, 16 comprise a plurality of apertures (not shown), typically in the form of nozzles, sized large enough to allow the passage of liquid to be filtered threthrough, but small enough to prevent the passage of the filtration media 18 therethough.
- the filtration media 18 is in the form of beads or pellets each bead or pellet being of a dimension large enough to prevent it from passing through any of the apertures defined by the screens 14, 16.
- the filtration media 18 is manufactured from a synthetic material having a specific density equal to or less than the specific density of the liquid being filtered. Accordingly, where water is being filtered, the specific density of the filtration media must be 1 or less.
- the efficiency and capacity of the filtration apparatus 10 is dependent in the amount of filtration media 18 used.
- the filtration media 18 occupies between 50% and 90% of the volume of the middle chamber 12B of the tank 12.
- the tank 12 includes an inlet/outlet 24 through which liquid to be filtered (for example raw water) can be introduced into the lower chamber 12A of the tank 12 during a filtration cycle (as indicated by the arrows in figure 1), or through which water in the tank 12 can be drained therefrom during a drainage cycle (as indicated by the arrows in figure 3).
- the inlet/outlet 24 is in the form of a T-piece connecting a primary inlet line 26 and a secondary outlet line 28 to the tank 12.
- the inlet/outlet 24 has been illustrated as an integral component to both the primary inlet line 26 and a secondary outlet line 28, it will be appreciated that the lower chamber 12A may comprise a separate inlet and outlet for connecting the primary inlet line 26 and the secondary outlet line 28 to the tank 12 respectively.
- the tank 12 further includes a secondary inlet line 30 for, during an agitation cycle, introducing a gaseous fluid (as indicated by the arrows in figure 2), such as air, forced into the lower chamber 12A by an agitation means 32 in the form of an air blower.
- the secondary inlet line 30 further consists of a non-return valve 31 (or other ordinary valve), so as to allow flow in the direction from the blower 32 to the tank 12 only.
- the upper chamber 12C of the tank 12 further includes a primary outlet line 34, for allowing filtered water during the filtration cycle to exit the tank 12 therethrough, and a tertiary outlet line 36, for allowing rinsing water during a rinse cycle (as indicated by the arrows in figure 4) to exit the tank 12 therethrough.
- the operational cycles making up the operation of the filtration apparatus consist of a filtration cycle (figure 1), a agitation cycle (figure 2), a drainage cycle (figure 3) and a rinse cycle (figure 4).
- the filtration cycle is initiated by opening the primary inlet valve 38 thereby allowing raw water to flow into the lower chamber 12A of the tank 12.
- secondary and tertiary outlet valves 40, 42 are closed and the blower 32 is switched off.
- the raw water rises upwardly through the lower screen 14 into the middle chamber 12B of the tank 12.
- the filtration media 18 As the raw water rises upwardly through the middle chamber 12B, the filtration media 18 is compressed, under the force of buoyancy, against the upper screen 16, thereby reducing the number and interspaces between the filtration media 18. As the raw water passes through the interspaces in the filtration media 18, impurities in the raw water are trapped in the filtration media 18. Clean water then rises upwardly through the upper screen 16, into the upper chamber 12C of the tank 12 until it exits the tank 12 via the primary outlet line 34. Clean water exiting the tank 12 via the primary outlet line 34 is preferably routed to a holding tank (not shown) for later use.
- the blower 32 is switched on.
- the air from the blower 32 is forced upwardly through the lower screen 14 and into the middle chamber 12B of the tank 12.
- the air agitates the filtration media 18, allowing impurities trapped therein to dislodge from the filtration media 18.
- the filtration apparatus 10 is switch over to the drainage cycle, wherein the blower 32 is switched off and all valves, except the secondary outlet valve 40, are maintained in the closed position
- the water remaining in the tank 12, now also containing the impurities dislodged from the filtration media 18 during the agitation cycle, is drained from the tank 12 via the inlet/outlet 24 and the secondary outlet line 28.
- the filtration apparatus is switched over to the rinse cycle, wherein the secondary outlet valve 40 is closed, and the primary inlet valve 38 and the tertiary outlet valve 42 are opened.
- Raw water rises up through the tank 12 much in the same way as in the filtration cycle, and out through the tertiary outlet line 36.
- the filtration apparatus is switched back over to the filtration cycle by closing valve 42. The operational cycles are repeated in the aforementioned order either manually or automatically.
- the opening and closing of valves and the switching on and off of the blower 32 are actuated by timing devices (not shown) and/or pressure sensors (not shown).
- the timing devices actuate the relevant components on the lapse of predetermined amount of time
- the pressure sensors actuate the relevant components on the pressure rising above or falling below a predetermined band of pressures.
- a filtration apparatus 10 of the aforesaid capacity can be built and operation within about 21 days; (iii) fully automated operation; (iv) modular construction. Further filtration apparatuses 10 can be connected to one another to increase the overall capacity of the system as and when the need further greater capacity arises; (v) location.
- the filtration apparatus 10 can be constructed at or near the location at which the filtered water is required; (vi) flow rate.
- the filtration apparatus 10 is capable of delivering 30 and 37 cubic metres of clean water per square metre of cross sectional area of the tank, as compared to about 14 cubic metres with conventional systems; and (vii) rinse water required.
- the filtration apparatus 10 uses raw water rather than expensive filtered, municipal or other clean water to rinse the apparatus 10 during the rinse cycle.
- the rinse cycle only requires a volume of water equivalent to about 1.1 to 1.9 times, but generally about 1.3 times, the volume of the middle chamber 12B of the tank 12 to rinse the apparatus 10 during the rinse cycle. This translates to a reduction in required rinse water, as compared to existing systems, of between about 7 to 13%
- one or more intermediary screens may be located between the lower and upper screens for containing a plurality of layers of filtration media having different specific densities and sizes therebetween, so as to increase the filtration efficiency of the filtration apparatus 10.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AP2010005153A AP3065A (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2008-11-11 | Up-flow filtration apparatus and method |
AU2008329598A AU2008329598B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2008-11-11 | Up-flow filtration apparatus and method |
MX2010005525A MX2010005525A (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2008-11-11 | Up-flow filtration apparatus and method. |
ZA2009/08030A ZA200908030B (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2009-11-16 | Up-flow filtration apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA200710117 | 2007-11-26 | ||
ZA2007/10117 | 2007-11-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009070813A1 true WO2009070813A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
Family
ID=40679032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ZA2008/000106 WO2009070813A1 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2008-11-11 | Up-flow filtration apparatus and method |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AP (1) | AP3065A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2008329598B2 (en) |
CO (1) | CO6210694A2 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2010005525A (en) |
MY (1) | MY154038A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009070813A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200908030B (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106731058A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 北京奥博水处理有限责任公司 | One kind is not blocked, No clean, filter footpath adjustable filtering device |
EP3173491A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-05-31 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A reaction tank and continuous sugar dissolving apparatus and method |
EP3345873A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-11 | IPE Procestechniek B.V. | A device for purifying waste water from a car wash, as well as a method of purifying such waste water |
CN110711414A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-21 | 北京奥博水处理有限责任公司 | Double-bed medium filter |
RU2802035C2 (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-08-22 | Александр Александрович Ищенко | Water treatment hydroautomatic station based on delta-filtration technology |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003299909A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-21 | Unitika Ltd | Ascending flow filter apparatus and ascending flow filter method |
JP2004188364A (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-08 | Ishigaki Co Ltd | Upward stream type filtering apparatus |
DE69924642T2 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2006-02-09 | Zenon Environmental Inc., Oakville | WATER FILTRATION BY UNDERWATER MEMBRANES |
-
2008
- 2008-11-11 WO PCT/ZA2008/000106 patent/WO2009070813A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-11 AP AP2010005153A patent/AP3065A/en active
- 2008-11-11 MX MX2010005525A patent/MX2010005525A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-11-11 AU AU2008329598A patent/AU2008329598B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-11-11 MY MYPI2010001876A patent/MY154038A/en unknown
-
2009
- 2009-11-16 ZA ZA2009/08030A patent/ZA200908030B/en unknown
-
2010
- 2010-04-30 CO CO10051673A patent/CO6210694A2/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69924642T2 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2006-02-09 | Zenon Environmental Inc., Oakville | WATER FILTRATION BY UNDERWATER MEMBRANES |
JP2003299909A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-21 | Unitika Ltd | Ascending flow filter apparatus and ascending flow filter method |
JP2004188364A (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-08 | Ishigaki Co Ltd | Upward stream type filtering apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3173491A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-05-31 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A reaction tank and continuous sugar dissolving apparatus and method |
CN106731058A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 北京奥博水处理有限责任公司 | One kind is not blocked, No clean, filter footpath adjustable filtering device |
EP3345873A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-11 | IPE Procestechniek B.V. | A device for purifying waste water from a car wash, as well as a method of purifying such waste water |
CN110711414A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-21 | 北京奥博水处理有限责任公司 | Double-bed medium filter |
RU2802035C2 (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-08-22 | Александр Александрович Ищенко | Water treatment hydroautomatic station based on delta-filtration technology |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2010005525A (en) | 2010-08-04 |
CO6210694A2 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
AP2010005153A0 (en) | 2010-02-28 |
AP3065A (en) | 2014-12-31 |
AU2008329598A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
ZA200908030B (en) | 2010-11-24 |
AU2008329598B2 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
MY154038A (en) | 2015-04-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8246818B2 (en) | Syphon filtration system | |
CN101304951A (en) | Combination membrane/biqlytic filtration | |
AU2008329598B2 (en) | Up-flow filtration apparatus and method | |
EP0025314B1 (en) | Method of cleaning a filter press and filter press | |
CN207237393U (en) | A kind of water treatment system with backwashing function | |
US4556486A (en) | Circulating water filtering system and method of operation | |
CN103157317A (en) | Water filter apparatus and washing method thereof | |
JP4313497B2 (en) | Backwash water self-holding pressure filter | |
KR100745121B1 (en) | Filtering apparatus | |
US593666A (en) | Signors to the o | |
US8574431B2 (en) | Filter system with gas agitation | |
AU2014330107B2 (en) | Filtration system and method for filtering a liquid | |
WO2006031086A2 (en) | System for automatically filtering floating material from wastewater | |
JPS5849285B2 (en) | "Filtration" device | |
KR200191691Y1 (en) | Automatic recleanable water purifier system with air drop | |
US20020023869A1 (en) | Apparatus for the purification of liquids | |
CN100448505C (en) | Liquid filter | |
KR100884825B1 (en) | Water treatment method and the apparatus using horizontal purify | |
KR100707828B1 (en) | An Apparatus for Separating the Plant Fluid and the Remains of Soil Inside | |
US20130180908A1 (en) | Filter Backflush System for Entrained Filtration Elements | |
WO2004045742A1 (en) | Water filter and a method of water purification, backwashing and rinsing | |
KR200257125Y1 (en) | Filtration apparatus of water tank | |
US2754971A (en) | Multicell filter apparatus | |
USRE24275E (en) | Multicell | |
US487467A (en) | Filtering system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 08854838 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2008329598 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10051673 Country of ref document: CO |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2008329598 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20081111 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/A/2010/005525 Country of ref document: MX |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PI 2010001876 Country of ref document: MY |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 08854838 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 12/11/2010). |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 08854838 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |