WO2009065991A1 - Différentiel de véhicule à système antipatinage hydropneumatique - Google Patents

Différentiel de véhicule à système antipatinage hydropneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009065991A1
WO2009065991A1 PCT/ES2008/070208 ES2008070208W WO2009065991A1 WO 2009065991 A1 WO2009065991 A1 WO 2009065991A1 ES 2008070208 W ES2008070208 W ES 2008070208W WO 2009065991 A1 WO2009065991 A1 WO 2009065991A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
differential
hydropneumatic
traction control
liquid
crown holder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2008/070208
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Javier Marcelo Julia
Original Assignee
Cornidez, Jeronimo Lucas
Cornidez, Juan Ignacio
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cornidez, Jeronimo Lucas, Cornidez, Juan Ignacio filed Critical Cornidez, Jeronimo Lucas
Priority to CN2008801175519A priority Critical patent/CN101883936A/zh
Publication of WO2009065991A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009065991A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/27—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using internally-actuatable fluid pressure, e.g. internal pump types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/22—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using friction clutches or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H2048/382—Methods for manufacturing differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/40—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydropneumatic traction control device of the differential of a vehicle, making it possible to increase the power transmitted between the right and left wheels of the differential axle, when these wheels rotate at different angular speeds and thus reduce the risks of skidding of the vehicle due to lack of adhesion on only one of the driving wheels. It comprises a method and a self-locking hydropneumatic system to control the traction in differentials, allowing a vehicle to apply the traction in a homogeneous way and, in situations of differences in adhesion between one wheel and another, prevent the dissipation of mechanical power due to the rotation of the Ia wheel with less adhesion to the ground. Even in extreme circumstances of finding one of the wheels turning on a very slippery surface, the system channels the torque through the only wheel that has adhesion to the ground.
  • the method and system have application in street vehicles, competition, cargo, agricultural machinery, road, etc.
  • Classic differentials are generally constituted by bevel gears and contained in a transmission crown holder.
  • the crown holder has an external gear attached to it to receive the transmission of the output of.
  • the gearbox and carries two planetary gears and at least one, typically two or possibly more satellite gears.
  • Each planetarium receives an eie (shield) corresponding to one of the right and left wheels while
  • the satellite (s) makes each planetarium receive the same engine torque, even when the wheels rotate at different speeds, for example in a curve
  • Loss of traction in a vehicle can be avoided by a differential that controls slippage.
  • Different types of blockages are known, such as ramps, gears, viscous, spring preload, air-operated, etc.
  • electromechanical systems that electronically detect the asymmetric load (unilateral acceleration) of the wheels and activate a solenoid that controls the sliding, causing the planetary gears to be integral in rotation with the crown by the pinion.
  • the existing differential lock systems have a great complexity and / or a great cost, too much for their insertion in a car differential.
  • US 3,049,943 provides for using the fluid pressure inside the crown holder to support the rotation of the gears, but they do not expose or infringe the principle of self-locking inside a sealed enclosure as developed below.
  • the FR 2,675,873 patent includes a partition that divides the differential box into two halves, which, each with a respective planetarium, filled with oil will have different internal pressures at the time of work. It is not possible to see how the necessary sealing between the hemispheres can be achieved, by geometry and mechanical construction, for the expected internal operation. At the same time, it mentions that the relative movement of planetariums and satellites is slow enough for the transfer of hydraulic fluids from a chamber to Ia - TO -
  • the objective of the present invention is to generate, in a simple and economical manner, a blocking effect on the corresponding planetary gear to brake the wheel that accelerates suddenly or abnormally.
  • the present invention implements a kind of "self-locking" of the planetarium, submerging the gears inside the crown holder in a pressurized environment in a tight environment where planetariums are subjected to friction that inhibit their speed increases or accelerates exceeding the normal operation of wheels by pulling correctly.
  • blocking is used in the present description to define an immobilization effect of the gears housed inside the crown holder, so that the rotation of these wheels retains their traction even if a wheel is intended to fire due to lack of adherence to the floor, the Ia rotation of crown holder which is imparted directly to both wheels with the same speed due to the braking action to which the planetariums are subjected.
  • the planetariums as well as the satellite or satellites will have virtually no relative movement when the vehicle travels in a straight line with no frights and little relative movement when it takes a curve or bends in a corner, all related to the crown holder, since this is the one that turns at the speed necessary to transmit the torque to the wheels.
  • the differential will continue trying to deliver the same torque when the load that can oppose the wheel has decreased dramatically, so the wheel tries to increase its speed quickly (it is "crazy" ).
  • the torque transmitted by the differential is reduced but the high resistant load of the other wheel is maintained, because it remains normally adhered to the ground, this wheel stops because the reduced torque is insufficient to drive it. So far this is in a nutshell what happens in a normal differential.
  • the differential of the present invention there is a friction system in intimate contact with the planetariums and the crown holder. Therefore, in the differential of the present invention, in the situation of incipient loss of traction outlined in the preceding paragraph, the planetarium corresponding to the idler wheel would tend to rotate more quickly inside the crown holder, but the resistance to acceleration is opposed. generated by the pressurized oil and the friction generated by the intimate contact of the friction system interposed between the planetarium and the crown holder. Therefore, the planetarium in question is braked and the transmitted torque increases sufficiently to maintain sufficient traction on the second wheel.
  • the blocking device of the present invention comprises a sealed enclosure preloaded with oil and housing the vehicle differential.
  • the oil is preloaded at a given pressure but not so high to prevent the correct operation of the differential in normal kinetic conditions (speed and acceleration), such as when turning in curves (however closed), but high enough to produce the blocking effect when a wheel loses grip with the ground and starts spinning faster.
  • the pressure of the oil acts on the free faces of the gear, since the one that is against the inner wall of the housing is in intimate contact with said friction system and not with the oil, is transmitted to the planetariums inside the crown holder, immobilizing them against the inner wall of the latter due to the intimate contact mentioned previously.
  • the braking effect slows the wheel of the vehicle that rotates without transmitting traction, in order to allow the other wheel to drive, thus reconstituting the mobility of the vehicle.
  • This device works on traction and braking, so that, in case of extreme need, it is the two wheels that adhere with the braking to the pavement at the same time, not allowing a single skate.
  • the described device also admits, however, to take extremely sharp curves, even on very adherent surfaces such as dry asphalt, as if it did not have any blocking system, that is, maintaining the differential function fully, applying symmetrical torques to wheels with asymmetric loads. .
  • it allows driving on soils of different types, such as mud, sand, snow, mountains and asphalt, counting in every moment to be able to transmit all the available torque of the engine.
  • the system also has utility in differentials of front-wheel drive vehicles, without increasing the effort to bend the wheels.
  • the oil can be loaded into the crown holder at normal pressure and a gas introduced at a certain pressure to pressurize the oil to the desired magnitude, so that it is with the gas that the preload pressure of that .
  • a compressible medium gas
  • the oil allows damping the pressure variations that occur during operation, mainly by thermometric expansion of the fluid within the differential.
  • the initial ambient temperature of the oil can be around 20 ° and rise up to 80 ° after a prolonged trip, which may imply a variation of 50% of the pressure since the volume is constant due to the tightness of the chamber and the hydraulic fluids generally expand between 7 and 8%. In a racing car temperatures were measured in excess of 120 ° at the conclusion of a race.
  • the gas eg nitrogen
  • the gas may be present within a bladder housed inside the crown holder and provided with a load conduit from the outside or mixed into the oil itself, since in one way or another it adds a pressure component to oil
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded elevation view of a conventional differential.
  • Fig. 2 "A”; 2 “B” and 2 “C” are a perspective view, also exploded, of the differential of FIG. 1 adapted according to a first embodiment of the hydropneumatic traction control device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 "A” and 3 “B” are another exploded perspective view of the differential of fig. 1, adapted according to a second embodiment of the hydropneumatic traction control device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section of the differential of Fig. 2 "A”; 2 “B”; 2 C”; 3 “A” and 3 “B” with the hydropneumatic traction control device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of a sealed planetary gear of Fig. 2 "A”; 2 “B”; 2 C”; 3 “A”; 3 “B” and 4.
  • the invention can be applied to existing differentials as illustrated in fig. 1, with which the Ford Ranger comes from the factory.
  • This model comprises a housing in a single part, namely: a crown holder 1 and 2 (in our example with split differential box) with openings 9 and whose interior houses a pair of planetary gears 3 facing each other, and a closing cap 2.
  • Each planetarium 3 is internally provided with longitudinal grooves to couple a bearing end that transmits power to a respective left or right wheel (not shown).
  • the crown holder 1 and 2 also houses a pair of satellite gears 4 facing each other, mounted on the same crown holder 1 and 2 by means of respective bolts 5.
  • the four gears 3-4 are in perpendicular planes, gearing planetariums 3 with satellites 4 in the known and conventional manner.
  • the whole set 1-2-3-4 turns at the speed of the wheels when it is even on both wheels by moving the vehicle in a straight line, while the four gears are practically without movement relative to the crown holder 1 and 2.
  • the outer wheel will have a greater travel than the inner one, so that both planetariums 3 have to rotate at different speeds so that the wheels of the vehicle maintain the same speed of travel, a difference that is compensated by the satellites 4 that rotate at slow speed around their bolts 5.
  • the problem solved by the present invention arises when one of the wheels loses grip and captures all the available torque or torque, which is excessive compared to the low load that opposes the crazy wheel, losing all traction the opposite wheel (ie Ia " good ") despite being firmly attached to the asphalt or ground, as explained above.
  • the interior of the housing 1-2 is converted into a closed chamber or enclosure.
  • a peak 8 is placed in the part of the cover of the housing 2 a peak 8 is placed by means of which the sealed chamber is filled with oil (or hydraulic fluid) at ambient pressure (which will then be increased as described below), once the housing 1-2 has been assembled again.
  • respective friction washers 6 twinned with each planetarium 4 are placed, so that they press against the housing 1-2 when the pressure of the non-compressible liquid increases, braking said gear.
  • a part of the volume of the crown holder is occupied by nitrogen gas, which fulfills the double function of pressurizing the oil and serving as a buffer to compensate for variations in the pressure before thermometric variations characteristic of differential operation.
  • a rubber bladder 11 (or latex, some polymer or elastic metal) protected within a steel cap 12 provided with a spout 15 through which the gas is charged is used for that purpose.
  • the cap 12 is hermetically mounted on the crown holder 1 and 2 to define a closed system containing the oil at a given pressure, which in the case of the Ford Ranger differential was chosen between 20 in / in. and 28 Ibs / in. for a normal street vehicle.
  • the nitrogen is injected through the same peak 8 as the oil, with which it is mixed into the sealed chamber of the crown holder 1 and 2, forming a pressurized mixture.
  • the enclosure or closed chamber is formed by sealing the openings of the crown holder 1 and 2 with steel plugs (or some other means such as arc welding within the scope of those understood in the matter) and, also, sealing the respective steps of the shields of the planetariums by Ia 1-2 housing by means of seals 7 (or o-rings, viton compounds, polymers, Teflon, etc.).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système antipatinage hydropneumatique utilisé dans un différentiel comportant une chambre étanche (1-2) qui contient un liquide sous pression dans lequel sont immergés les planétaires (3) et les satellites (4) du différentiel. Les planétaires sont en contact étroit avec la paroi interne du porte-couronne (1 et 2) au moyen de rondelles freins (6). Les conditions de pression et de friction dans le porte-couronne ne modifient pas la transmission normale de couple aux roues, même lorsque le véhicule tourne à grande vitesse, mais elles s'opposent à l'accélération et à une vitesse excessive de tout planétaire lorsque la roue correspondante patine et perd son adhérence sur le bitume ou sur le sol.
PCT/ES2008/070208 2007-11-20 2008-11-19 Différentiel de véhicule à système antipatinage hydropneumatique WO2009065991A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2008801175519A CN101883936A (zh) 2007-11-20 2008-11-19 具有液压气动调节器的牵引控制器

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ARP-070105153 2007-11-20
ARP070105153 AR066686A1 (es) 2007-11-20 2007-11-20 Control de traccion hidroneumatico

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009065991A1 true WO2009065991A1 (fr) 2009-05-28

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ID=40667161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2008/070208 WO2009065991A1 (fr) 2007-11-20 2008-11-19 Différentiel de véhicule à système antipatinage hydropneumatique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101883936A (fr)
AR (1) AR066686A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009065991A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3103242A1 (fr) 2019-11-20 2021-05-21 Psa Automobiles Sa Différentiel mécanique perfectionné pour chaine de traction de véhicule
WO2021181324A1 (fr) * 2020-03-11 2021-09-16 L&T Technology Services Limited Système pour conférer un mouvement rotatif à une roue

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2489859A (en) * 1944-09-22 1949-11-29 Butterworth Archibald James Differential gear for motor vehicles or the like
US2775141A (en) * 1952-01-23 1956-12-25 Rouning Adolph Differential
US2869399A (en) * 1957-12-11 1959-01-20 Everett G Miles Differential transmission
US3393583A (en) * 1967-02-13 1968-07-23 Mueller Otto Self-locking differential transmission
JPS62127521A (ja) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ビスカスカツプリング

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2489859A (en) * 1944-09-22 1949-11-29 Butterworth Archibald James Differential gear for motor vehicles or the like
US2775141A (en) * 1952-01-23 1956-12-25 Rouning Adolph Differential
US2869399A (en) * 1957-12-11 1959-01-20 Everett G Miles Differential transmission
US3393583A (en) * 1967-02-13 1968-07-23 Mueller Otto Self-locking differential transmission
JPS62127521A (ja) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ビスカスカツプリング

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3103242A1 (fr) 2019-11-20 2021-05-21 Psa Automobiles Sa Différentiel mécanique perfectionné pour chaine de traction de véhicule
WO2021181324A1 (fr) * 2020-03-11 2021-09-16 L&T Technology Services Limited Système pour conférer un mouvement rotatif à une roue

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101883936A (zh) 2010-11-10
AR066686A1 (es) 2009-09-09

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