WO2009062439A1 - Procédé et routeur destinés à rechercher un chemin de multidiffusion - Google Patents

Procédé et routeur destinés à rechercher un chemin de multidiffusion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009062439A1
WO2009062439A1 PCT/CN2008/072969 CN2008072969W WO2009062439A1 WO 2009062439 A1 WO2009062439 A1 WO 2009062439A1 CN 2008072969 W CN2008072969 W CN 2008072969W WO 2009062439 A1 WO2009062439 A1 WO 2009062439A1
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Prior art keywords
multicast
management protocol
group management
query message
route tracking
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PCT/CN2008/072969
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Yuping Wang
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2009062439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009062439A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16Multipoint routing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of network communications, and in particular, to a method and a router for multicast route tracking. Background technique
  • Mtracert Multicast Trace Route
  • Mtracert is a tool for tracking the forwarding path of multicast packets and locating network faults in the multicast environment.
  • multicast routing tracking also has the function of collecting and analyzing traffic information.
  • the request (request) packet in the multicast route tracking contains the traffic statistics field, the traffic statistics collection can be completed at the same time as the multicast route tracking.
  • multicast traffic tracking and rate statistics can be completed by performing multicast routing tracking several times at regular intervals.
  • the basic principle of multicast route tracking in the prior art is: Enter the mtrace command on the router (or the network management host), specify the multicast source address, the receiver address, and the multicast group, and initiate multicast route tracking to the receiver.
  • a hop router sends an IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Traceroute Query message. After the last hop router receives the packet, the router adds the information of the router to the multicast source.
  • the upstream hop neighbor router in the direction of the reverse multicast path sends an IGMP Traceroute Request (Request) packet.
  • the router that receives the IGMP Traceroute Request message adds a Response Block containing the router information to the Request message.
  • the IGMP Traceroute Request message is sent to the upstream hop router, and so on, until the first hop router connected to the multicast source reaches a fatal error.
  • the router that initiated the Mtrace trace sends an IGMP Traceroute Response (response) report.
  • the IGMP Traceroute Response packet contains all the information IGMP Traceroute Request packets, only to change the message type; finally tracked by the initiating router multicast routing of received IGMP Traceroute Response packet analysis.
  • the response data block added by the hop-by-hop router on the multicast forwarding path includes the packet arrival time, the outbound interface address, the inbound interface address, the last hop address, the number of received packets on the inbound interface, and the number of sent packets on the outbound interface.
  • S, G multicast source address, multicast group address
  • the IGMP Traceroute Request packet contains the above information
  • the corresponding IGMP Traceroute Response packet is also The above information is included, and the router that initiates the multicast tracking analyzes the received IGMP Traceroute Response packet.
  • Router A initiates multicast route tracking and sends an IGMP Traceroute Query message to the last hop router R5.
  • R5 sends an IGMP Traceroute Request message to the previous reverse multicast path.
  • the hop routers R4 and R4 add the response data block containing the R4 information, and then send the IGMP Traceroute Request message to the router R2.
  • the R2 adds the response data block containing the R2 information and sends the IGMP Traceroute Request message to the first hop router R1.
  • the IGMP Traceroute Response packet is sent to the initiator A.
  • the AGMP traceroute response packet can be analyzed according to the IGMP Traceroute Response packet.
  • the router receives the IGMP Traceroute Query message sent to itself, if the router finds that it is not the real last hop router, it responds to the multicast tracking initiator with the error code WRONG LAST HOP. IGMP Traceroute Response message.
  • the correct path tracking may not be completed, or two different IGMP Traceroute Response packet, that is, if the router with the above characteristics receives the Query message, if it finds that it is not the real last hop router, it will generate an IGMP Traceroute Response packet with the error code WR0NG_LAST_H0P, and the real last one. If the hop router does not receive the IGMP Traceroute Response packet, the route tracking will not be performed. The correct path tracking cannot be completed. If the last router receives the IGMP Traceroute Response packet and performs route tracking, the initiator will start.
  • the initiator will process the IGMP Traceroute Response packet received first, and then the multicast route tracking process will be terminated.
  • the received IGMP Traceroute Response packet will be discarded. If the received IGMP Traceroute Response packet is the correct IGMP Traceroute Response packet, the last hop router can be accurately located and the multicast route is tracked. If the IGMP Traceroute Response packet received first contains the error code. If the IGMP Traceroute Response packet is used, the last hop router cannot be located. The multicast route tracking fails and the correct path tracking cannot be completed.
  • the multicast source is Sl
  • the multicast route trace initiator is the router RTA
  • the router RTB and RTC are both connected to the receiver PC1.
  • the RTB is the real last hop router.
  • the RTA initiates mtrace multicast route tracking.
  • the multicast source address is 2.2.2.2
  • the last hop router address is 1.1.1.2
  • the receiver address is 1.1.1.3
  • the tracking group address is G or If it is empty, the specified last hop router RTC receives the IGMP Traceroute Query message and finds that it is not the real last hop router.
  • An IGMP Traceroute Response packet with the error code WR0NG_LAST_H0P is returned to the RTA.
  • the RTA After receiving the IGMP Traceroute Response packet, the RTA ends the multicast route tracking. In this case, the real last hop router RTB does not receive the IGMP Traceroute Query. The message, without route tracking, cannot complete the correct path tracking. In the other case, if the RTA sends the IGMP Traceroute Query message with the following parameters: multicast source address 2.2.2.2, receiver address 1.1.1.2, tracking group address G or empty, and the Alert option is enabled. All routers that pass the IGMP Traceroute Query message will send and forward the packet.
  • the last hop router is not specified in the IGMP Traceroute Query message, and the specified receiver is not the real receiver PC1.
  • the RTB determines that it is the real last hop router, and performs route tracking.
  • the RTA receives an IGMP Traceroute Response message.
  • the RTB will continue to forward the IGMP Traceroute Query message. Therefore, after receiving the IGMP Traceroute Query message, the RTC will determine that it is not the real last hop router after receiving the RTC.
  • the RTC returns an error code of WRONG LAST.
  • the IGMP Traceroute Response message of the HOP is sent to the RTA.
  • the final initiator RTA will receive two IGMP Traceroute Response packets.
  • the RTA will process the IGMP Traceroute Response packet received first, and the received IGMP Traceroute Response packet will be discarded. If the correct IGMP Traceroute Response packet is received, the multicast route is tracked successfully. If the IGMP Traceroute Response packet containing the error code is received, the multicast route tracking fails. Summary of the invention
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a multicast route tracking method and a router.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a method for multicast route tracking includes:
  • the inbound interface and the outbound interface of the receiver's packet are the same;
  • the last hop router of the receiver according to the received Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking query message or the modified Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking query message, along the multicast source
  • the reverse multicast path of the address sends the Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking request packet to the upstream hop router until the first multicast source is connected.
  • the hopping router After receiving the Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking request message, the hopping router sends an Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking response message to the router that performs the multicast route tracking.
  • a router includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive an Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking query message sent by a device that performs multicast routing tracking;
  • a judging module configured to determine whether the router is directly connected to the receiver specified in the Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking query message received by the receiving module, and the router sends the report to the receiver
  • the incoming and outgoing interfaces of the text are the same;
  • a sending module configured to modify, according to the multicast group address in the Internet Group Management Protocol multicast routing tracking query message received by the receiving module, the Internet group management protocol group, when the result of the determining by the determining module is YES Broadcasting the route tracking query message, and sending the modified Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking query message to the outbound interface, so that the last hop router of the receiver receives the modified Internet group management Protocol multicast route tracking query message.
  • the real last hop router can receive and process the Internet Group Management Protocol multicast.
  • the route tracking query packet or the modified Internet Group Management Protocol multicast routing tracking query packet ensures that the initiator of the multicast route tracking receives only one correct Internet Group Management Protocol multicast route tracking response packet. Multicast route tracking. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of multicast route tracking in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of multicast route tracking in a specific networking environment in the prior art
  • Embodiment 3 is a flowchart of a method for multicast route tracking provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a flowchart of a method for multicast route tracking provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a router according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a transmitting module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of locating the last hop router in a special networking environment.
  • the special networking environment is that the router that receives the IGMP Traceroute Query message (hereinafter referred to as the Query message) is directly connected to the receiver, and the router is directly connected to the router.
  • the inbound and outbound interfaces of the packets sent to the receiver are the same.
  • the router that receives the query packet is not the real last-hop router.
  • the destination address in the query packet is modified to ensure that the true last-hop router can receive and process the query message or the modified query message, thereby correctly completing the multicast route tracking.
  • the last hop router is specified in the Query message as an example.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for multicast route tracking, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Enter the mtrace command on the router that performs multicast route tracking.
  • the mtrace command specifies the multicast source address, the last hop router address, the multicast receiver address, and the multicast group address, that is, performs multicast route tracking.
  • the router ie, the initiator
  • the Query message does not carry the Alert option.
  • Step 102 The last hop router specified in the mtmce command receives the query message.
  • Step 103 The last hop router specified in the mtmce command determines whether it is directly connected to the receiver specified in the received Query message, and the inbound interface and the outgoing interface of the packet sent by the router to the receiver are the same. If yes, go to step 105; otherwise, go to step 104.
  • Step 104 The last hop router specified in the mtmce command is processed according to the processing flow in the prior art.
  • Step 105 The last hop router specified in the mtmce command modifies the Query message according to the multicast group address in the received Query message, and sends the modified Query message to the outbound interface, so that the receiver is authentic.
  • the last hop router receives the modified query message.
  • the step of modifying the query message according to the multicast group address in the query packet by the last hop router specified in the mtrace command includes:
  • Step 106 The real last hop router receives the modified query message, and generates an IGMP Traceroute Request message (hereinafter referred to as a request message) according to the modified query message, along the multicast source address.
  • the reverse multicast path sends the request packet to the upstream hop router.
  • the real last hop router finds that the destination address in the query message is itself or 224.0.0.2, and the true last hop router is in the modified query. Add a message to the packet to generate a request packet, and send the request packet to the upstream hop router along the reverse multicast path to the multicast source address.
  • Step 107 After receiving the request packet, the last hop router of the real last hop router continues to send the request packet to the previous hop router along the reverse multicast path to the multicast source address until the request packet is received.
  • the first hop router connected to the multicast source receives the request packet.
  • Step 108 The first hop router sends an IGMP Traceroute Response message (hereinafter referred to as a response message) to the initiator according to the received request message.
  • a response message an IGMP Traceroute Response message
  • Step 109 After receiving the response packet, the initiator analyzes and completes the multicast route tracking.
  • the RTA initiates multicast route tracking.
  • the multicast group address is G
  • the last hop router address is 1.1.1.2.
  • the specified last hop router RTC After the specified last hop router RTC receives the query packet, it finds itself and the receiver. If the inbound and outbound interfaces of the packets sent to the PC1 on the RTC are the same, indicating that they are not the real last-hop router, change the destination address of the query packet to 224.0.0.2, and then send the modified
  • the real last hop router RTB receives the modified Query message, generates a request message according to the modified Query message, and sends a request message to perform path tracking until the multicast route tracking ends.
  • the last hop router specified in the Query message is not the real last hop router.
  • the real last hop router can be ensured.
  • the modified query packet is processed and processed to ensure that the initiator of the multicast route tracking receives only one correct response packet, thus completing the correct multicast route tracking.
  • Step 201 Enter the mtrace command on the router that performs the multicast route tracking.
  • the mtrace command specifies the multicast source address, multicast receiver address, and multicast group address.
  • the router that performs multicast route tracking uses the mtrace command.
  • the query message is sent in the network.
  • BP The router that performs the multicast route tracking (that is, the initiator) sends an Query message to the multicast receiver specified in the mtrace command.
  • the Query message carries the Alert option. In this case, all routers that pass the Query message will be sent and forwarded.
  • Step 202 After receiving the Query message, the real last hop router sends the Query message to the control plane for processing, and forwards the Query message.
  • the process of the real last-hop router sending the query message to the control plane for processing is as follows: The device determines that it is the real last-hop router according to the query message, and generates a request message according to the query message, and sends the request message to the upstream hop router along the reverse multicast path to the multicast source address.
  • the last hop router continues to send the request packet to the previous hop router along the reverse multicast path to the multicast source address until the first hop router connected to the multicast source. Received the request message.
  • the first hop router sends a response message to the initiator according to the received request message. After receiving the response packet, the initiator performs analysis to complete the multicast route tracking.
  • Step 203 The router in the network receives the query message forwarded by the real last hop router.
  • Step 204 The router in the network determines whether it is directly connected to the receiver specified in the received query message, and the inbound interface and the outbound interface of the packet sent by the router to the receiver are the same; if yes, Step 206 is performed; otherwise, step 205 is performed.
  • Step 205 The router in the network processes according to the processing flow in the prior art, and then ends.
  • Step 206 At this time, the router in the network determines that it is not the real last hop router, and then modifies the query message according to the multicast group address in the received query message, and sends the modified query to the outbound interface.
  • the message is such that the receiver's true last-hop router receives the modified query message.
  • the step of modifying the query message according to the multicast group address in the query packet includes:
  • Step 207 The real last hop router receives the modified query message, and compares whether the ID of the currently received modified query message is the same as the ID of the last processed query message, because the real last one The ID of the query message is recorded when the hop router sends the query message to the last time, and the ID in the modified query message does not change. Therefore, the result of the comparison is that the two IDs are the same, then the real The last hop router does not process the currently received modified Query message, and discards the modified Query message to ensure that the initiator receives only one response message.
  • the RTA initiates multicast route tracking.
  • the multicast group address is G and carries the Alert option.
  • the real last-hop router RTB sends the query packet to the control plane for processing and forwarding to the RTC.
  • the plane generates a request packet to perform multicast route tracking until the multicast route tracking ends.
  • the RTC finds that it is directly connected to the receiver PC1, and the inbound interface and the outbound interface of the packet sent to the PC1 on the RTC are the same, and the destination address of the query packet is changed to 224.0.0.2.
  • the real last-hop router RTB compares the ID of the modified query message with the ID of the last processed query message, and then discards the modified query message.
  • the modified query message ensures that the RTA receives only one response message.
  • the real last hop router performs the multicast route tracking after receiving the query packet, and discards the non-true last hop router after the modification.
  • the Query message ensures that the initiator receives only one response packet and completes the correct multicast route tracking.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a router, including:
  • the receiving module 301 is configured to receive a query message sent by a device that performs multicast route tracking.
  • the determining module 302 is configured to determine whether the router is directly connected to the receiver specified in the query message received by the receiving module 301, and the inbound interface and the outbound interface of the packet sent by the router to the receiver are the same;
  • the sending module 303 is configured to: when the judgment module 302 determines that the result is yes, modify the query message according to the multicast group address in the query message received by the receiving module 301, and send the modified query message to the outbound interface, so that The receiver's last hop router receives the modified query message.
  • the sending module 303 specifically includes:
  • the determining unit 303a is configured to: when the result of the determining by the determining module 302 is YES, determine whether the multicast group address in the query message received by the receiving module 301 is empty;
  • the modifying unit 303b is configured to: when the result of the determining by the determining unit 303a is empty, modify the destination address of the query message to the previous hop router in the direction of the reverse multicast path along the source address; when the determining unit 303a determines that the result is not If it is empty, modify the destination address of the query packet to the multicast address of all routers.
  • the sending unit 303c is configured to send, to the outbound interface, the modified query message of the modifying unit 303b, so that the last hop router of the receiver receives the modified query message.
  • the query packet is forwarded, so that the real last hop router can receive the modified query message, and the last hop router is modified according to the received query message.
  • the Query message sends a request packet to complete the correct multicast route tracking.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by software, and the corresponding software programs can be stored in a readable storage medium, such as a hard disk or a cache of a router.

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Description

组播路由跟踪的方法和路由器 技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信领域, 特别涉及一种组播路由跟踪的方法和路由器。 背景技术
Mtracert (Multicast Trace Route, 组播路由跟踪) 是一种追踪组播报文的转发路径、 定位 组播环境中网络故障的工具。 随着组播应用日益广泛, 组播维护和故障定位的需求自然成为 必要的需求, 组播路由跟踪功能显得越来越重要。组播路由跟踪除了具有路径跟踪的功能外, 还具有收集和分析流量信息的功能。 由于组播路由跟踪中的 Request (请求)报文中包含流量 统计的字段, 因此可以在组播路由跟踪的同时完成流量统计的信息收集。 另外, 还可以通过 以一定时间为间隔连续进行几次组播路由跟踪, 完成组播流量、 速率的统计。
现有技术中组播路由跟踪的基本原理是: 在路由器 (或网管主机) 上输入 mtrace命令, 指定组播源地址、 接收者地址、 组播组, 发起组播路由追踪, 向接收者的最后一跳路由器发 送 IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, 互联网组管理协议) Traceroute Query (查询) 报文; 最后一跳路由器收到后, 在该报文中添加本路由器的信息, 向沿着到组播源的逆向组 播路径方向的上一跳邻居路由器发送 IGMP Traceroute Request (请求) 报文, 收到 IGMP Traceroute Request报文的路由器,在 Request报文中添加包含本路由器信息的 Response Block (响应数据块), 然后继续向上一跳路由器发送 IGMP Traceroute Request报文, 依次类推, 直 到到达连接组播源的第一跳路由器或遇到致命错误; 当第一跳路由器收到 IGMP Traceroute Request报文后, 则向发起 Mtrace跟踪的路由器发送 IGMP Traceroute Response (响应)报文, 该 IGMP Traceroute Response报文中包含了 IGMP Traceroute Request报文中的全部信息,仅改 变了报文的类型;最终由发起组播路由跟踪的路由器对收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文 进行分析显示。 由于组播转发路径上的每跳路由器添加的响应数据块都包含报文到达时间、 出接口地址、 入接口地址、 上一跳地址、 入接口的接收报文数量、 出接口的发送报文数量、 ( S, G) (组播源地址, 组播组地址)转发包数量、错误码等关键信息, 因此 IGMP Traceroute Request报文中会包含上述各种信息, 相应地 IGMP Traceroute Response报文中也会包含上述 各种信息, 发起组播跟踪的路由器通过对收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文进行分析, 就 能完成追踪组播路径、 定位组播故障和分析组播流量等功能。
例如, 参见图 1, 路由器 A发起组播路由跟踪, 发送 IGMP Traceroute Query报文给最后 一跳路由器 R5, R5收到 IGMP Traceroute Query报文后发送 IGMP Traceroute Request报文给 逆向组播路径的上一跳路由器 R4,R4添加包含 R4信息的响应数据块后发送 IGMP Traceroute Request报文给路由器 R2,R2添加包含 R2信息的响应数据块后发送 IGMP Traceroute Request 报文给第一跳路由器 R1, R1收到后改变报文类型发送 IGMP Traceroute Response报文给发起 者 A, A收到后可以根据 IGMP Traceroute Response报文进行分析, 完成组播路由跟踪以及流 量统计等功能。
在组播路由跟踪的过程中, 当路由器收到发送给自己的 IGMP Traceroute Query报文时, 如果发现自已不是真正的最后一跳路由器, 则向组播跟踪发起者回应包含错误码为 WRONG LAST HOP的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文。
在实现本发明的过程中, 发明人发现上述现有技术至少存在以下缺点:
当收到 IGMP Traceroute Query报文的路由器与接收者直连, 且该路由器上发往接收者的 报文的入接口和出接口相同时, 可能无法完成正确路径追踪, 或者会产生两个不同的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 即具有上述特征的路由器收到 Query报文后,如果发现自已不是真 正的最后一跳路由器, 会产生一个包含错误码为 WR0NG_LAST_H0P 的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 而真正的最后一跳路由器若没有收到 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 则不 会进行路由跟踪, 正确的路径追踪无法完成; 而真正的最后一条路由器若收到了 IGMP Traceroute Response 报文, 并进行路由跟踪, 最后发起者就会收到两个 IGMP Traceroute Response报文。 通常发起者会处理先收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 然后结束组播 路由跟踪过程, 对于后收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文则丢弃。 如果先收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文为正确的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 则能够准确定位最后一跳 路由器, 并完成组播路由跟踪; 如果先收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文为包含错误码的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 则无法定位出最后一跳路由器, 组播路由跟踪失败, 无法完 成正确路径追踪。
例如, 参见图 2, 组播源为 Sl, 组播路由跟踪发起者为路由器 RTA, 路由器 RTB与 RTC 均与接收者 PC1相连, 其中 RTB为真正最后一跳路由器, 当 RTA发起 mtrace组播路由跟踪 时,一种情况是如果在发送的 IGMP Traceroute Query报文中指定参数为:组播源地址 2.2.2.2, 最后一跳路由器地址 1.1.1.2, 接收者地址 1.1.1.3, 追踪组地址为 G或者为空, 则指定的最后 一跳路由器 RTC收到该 IGMP Traceroute Query报文后,发现自己不是真正的最后一跳路由器, 会返回一个包含错误码为 WR0NG_LAST_H0P的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文给 RTA, RTA收到 IGMP Traceroute Response报文后, 结束组播路由跟踪, 这种情况下真正的最后一 跳路由器 RTB没有收到 IGMP Traceroute Query报文,不会进行路由跟踪,则无法完成正确路 径追踪。 另外一种情况是, 如果 RTA在发送的 IGMP Traceroute Query报文中指定参数为: 组 播源地址 2.2.2.2,接收者地址 1.1.1.2,追踪组地址为 G或者为空,且携带 Alert选项,则 IGMP Traceroute Query 报文经过的所有路由器都会对该报文既上送又转发。 这种场景下 IGMP Traceroute Query报文中没有指定最后一跳路由器, 而且指定的接收者并不是真正的接收者 PC1。 其中, RTB收到 IGMP Traceroute Query报文后, 判断自己是真正的最后一跳路由器, 则进行路由追踪, 最终 RTA会收到一个 IGMP Traceroute Response报文。 同时, RTB还会继 续转发 IGMP Traceroute Query报文, 因此 RTC会收到 IGMP Traceroute Query报文后, RTC 收到后判断出自己不是真正的最后一跳路由器, 则 RTC 返回一个包含错误码为 WRONG LAST HOP的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文给 RTA。最终发起者 RTA会收到两个 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, RTA会处理先收到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 后收 到的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文则丢弃。 如果先收到正确的 IGMP Traceroute Response报 文, 则组播路由跟踪成功, 如果先收到包含错误码的 IGMP Traceroute Response报文, 则组播 路由跟踪失败。 发明内容
为了正确完成组播路由跟踪, 本发明实施例提供了一种组播路由跟踪的方法和路由器。 所述技术方案如下:
一方面, 一种组播路由跟踪的方法, 所述方法包括:
接收执行组播路由跟踪的路由器发来的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文; 确定自己与所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中指定的接收者直连, 且发往 所述接收者的报文的入接口和出接口相同;
根据所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址修改所述互联网组管 理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 向所述出接口发送所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由 跟踪查询报文;
所述接收者的最后一跳路由器根据接收到的所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报 文或所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播 路径向上一跳路由器发送互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 直到连接组播源的第一 跳路由器收到所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文后, 向所述执行组播路由跟踪的 路由器发送互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪响应报文。
另一方面, 一种路由器, 所述路由器包括:
接收模块, 用于接收执行组播路由跟踪的设备发来的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查 询报文;
判断模块, 用于判断是否所述路由器与所述接收模块收到的互联网组管理协议组播路由 跟踪查询报文中指定的接收者直连, 且所述路由器上发往所述接收者的报文的入接口和出接 口相同;
发送模块, 用于当所述判断模块判断的结果为是时, 根据所述接收模块收到的互联网组 管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址修改所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查 询报文, 向所述出接口发送所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 使所述 接收者的最后一跳路由器接收到所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是:
通过修改互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文的目的地址后转发该互联网组管理协 议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 可以确保真正的最后一跳路由器能够收到并处理互联网组管理协 议组播路由跟踪查询报文或修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 从而保证组 播路由跟踪的发起者只收到一个正确的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪响应报文, 完成正确 的组播路由跟踪。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术中组播路由跟踪的原理示意图;
图 2是现有技术中特定组网环境下组播路由跟踪的示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例 1提供的组播路由跟踪的方法流程图;
图 4是本发明实施例 2提供的组播路由跟踪的方法流程图;
图 5是本发明实施例 3提供的路由器的结构图;
图 6是本发明实施例 3提供的发送模块结构图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进 一步地详细描述。 本发明实施例解决特殊组网环境下定位最后一跳路由器的问题, 特殊组网环境是指收到 IGMP Traceroute Query报文 (以下称为查询报文) 的路由器与接收者直连, 且该路由器上发 往接收者的报文的入接口和出接口相同, 这种情况下收到查询报文的路由器并不是真正的最 后一跳路由器。 本发明实施例通过修改查询报文中的目的地址, 确保真正的最后一跳路由器 能够收到并处理查询报文或修改后的查询报文, 从而正确完成组播路由跟踪。
实施例 1
本实施例以查询报文中指定了最后一跳路由器为例进行说明, 参见图 3, 本发明实施例 提供了一种组播路由跟踪的方法, 具体包括以下步骤:
步骤 101 : 在执行组播路由跟踪的路由器上输入 mtrace命令, mtrace命令中指定了组播 源地址、 最后一跳路由器地址、 组播接收者地址和组播组地址, 即: 执行组播路由跟踪的路 由器 (即发起者) 向所述 mtrace命令中指定的最后一跳路由器发送查询报文。 在查询报文中 指定最后一跳路由器的情况下, 查询报文不携带 Alert选项。
步骤 102: 所述 mtmce命令中指定的最后一跳路由器接收到上述查询报文。
步骤 103 : 所述 mtmce命令中指定的最后一跳路由器判断是否自己与收到的查询报文中 指定的接收者直连, 且该路由器上发往接收者的报文的入接口和出接口相同; 如果是, 执行 步骤 105; 否则, 执行步骤 104。
步骤 104: 所述 mtmce命令中指定的最后一跳路由器按照现有技术中的处理流程进行处 理。
步骤 105: 所述 mtmce命令中指定的最后一跳路由器根据收到的查询报文中的组播组地 址修改查询报文, 向上述出接口发送修改后的查询报文, 使接收者的真正的最后一跳路由器 接收到修改后的查询报文。
其中, 所述 mtrace命令中指定的最后一跳路由器根据查询报文中的组播组地址修改查询 报文的步骤具体包括:
判断查询报文中的组播组地址是否为空; 如果为空, 则将查询报文的目的地址修改为沿 着源地址的逆向组播路径方向的上一跳路由器,此时上一跳路由器即真正的最后一跳路由器; 如果不为空, 则将查询报文的目的地址修改为所有路由器的组播地址, 即将目的地址修改为 224.0.0.2, 从而保证真正的最后一跳路由器能够收到修改后的查询报文。
步骤 106: 所述真正的最后一跳路由器接收到修改后的查询报文, 根据修改后的查询报 文生成 IGMP Traceroute Request报文(以下称为请求报文), 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路 径向上一跳路由器发送该请求报文。 其中, 所述真正的最后一跳路由器收到修改后的查询报文后, 发现该查询报文中的目的 地址是自己或 224.0.0.2, 则所述真正的最后一跳路由器在修改后的查询报文中添加自己的信 息生成请求报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送请求报文。
步骤 107: 所述真正的最后一跳路由器的上一跳路由器收到请求报文后, 继续沿着到组 播源地址的逆向组播路径向自己的上一跳路由器发送该请求报文, 直到连接组播源的第一跳 路由器收到该请求报文。
步骤 108: 第一跳路由器根据收到的请求报文向发起者发送 IGMP Traceroute Response报 文 (以下称为响应报文)。
步骤 109: 发起者收到响应报文后进行分析, 完成组播路由跟踪。
例如, 参见图 2, RTA发起组播路由跟踪, 组播组地址为 G, 指定最后一跳路由器地址 为 1.1.1.2, 指定的最后一跳路由器 RTC收到查询报文后, 发现自己与接收者 PC1直连, 且 RTC上发往 PC1的报文的入接口和出接口相同, 表明自己并不是真正的最后一跳路由器, 则 将查询报文的目的地址更改为 224.0.0.2, 然后发送修改后的查询报文, 真正的最后一跳路由 器 RTB收到修改后的查询报文后, 根据修改后的查询报文生成请求报文并发送请求报文, 进 行路径跟踪, 直至组播路由跟踪结束。
本实施例针对查询报文中指定的最后一跳路由器并不是真正的最后一跳路由器的场景, 通过修改查询报文的目的地址后转发该查询报文, 可以确保真正的最后一跳路由器能够收到 并处理修改后的查询报文, 保证组播路由跟踪的发起者只收到一个正确的响应报文, 从而完 成正确的组播路由跟踪。
实施例 2
本实施例以查询报文中没有指定最后一跳路由器为例进行说明, 参见图 4, 本发明实施 例提供了一种组播路由跟踪的方法, 具体包括以下步骤:
步骤 201 : 在执行组播路由跟踪的路由器上输入 mtrace命令, mtrace命令中指定了组播 源地址、 组播接收者地址和组播组地址, 执行组播路由跟踪的路由器则根据该 mtrace命令向 网络中发送查询报文。 BP: 执行组播路由跟踪的路由器 (即发起者) 向所述 mtrace命令中指 定的组播接收者发送查询报文, 该查询报文携带 Alert选项。这种情况下, 查询报文经过的所 有路由器都会既上送又转发。
步骤 202: 真正的最后一跳路由器收到查询报文后, 由于查询报文携带 Alert选项, 则既 将查询报文上送控制平面进行处理, 又将查询报文转发出去。
其中, 所述真正的最后一跳路由器将查询报文上送控制平面进行处理的过程具体如下: 根据该查询报文判断自己为真正的最后一跳路由器, 则根据该查询报文生成请求报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送该请求报文。
相应地, 上一跳路由器收到请求报文后, 继续沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向自己 的上一跳路由器发送该请求报文, 直到连接组播源的第一跳路由器收到该请求报文。 第一跳 路由器根据收到的请求报文向发起者发送响应报文。 发起者收到该响应报文后, 进行分析完 成组播路由跟踪。
步骤 203 : 网络中的路由器接收到真正的最后一跳路由器转发的查询报文。
步骤 204: 所述网络中的路由器判断是否自己与收到的查询报文中指定的接收者直连, 且该路由器上发往接收者的报文的入接口和出接口相同; 如果是, 则执行步骤 206; 否则, 执行步骤 205。
步骤 205: 所述网络中的路由器按照现有技术中的处理流程进行处理, 然后结束。
步骤 206: 此时所述网络中的路由器判断出自己不是真正的最后一跳路由器, 则根据收 到的查询报文中的组播组地址修改查询报文, 向上述出接口发送修改后的查询报文, 使接收 者的真正的最后一跳路由器接收到修改后的查询报文。
其中, 根据查询报文中的组播组地址修改查询报文的步骤具体包括:
判断查询报文中的组播组地址是否为空; 如果为空, 则将查询报文的目的地址修改为沿 着源地址的逆向组播路径方向的上一跳路由器,此时上一跳路由器即真正的最后一跳路由器; 如果不为空, 则将查询报文的目的地址修改为所有路由器的组播地址, 即将目的地址修改为 224.0.0.2, 从而保证真正的最后一跳路由器能够收到修改后的查询报文。
步骤 207: 真正的最后一跳路由器接收到修改后的查询报文, 比较当前收到的修改后的 查询报文的 ID与上次处理过的查询报文的 ID是否相同, 由于真正的最后一跳路由器上次将 查询报文上送处理时记录了该查询报文的 ID, 且修改后的查询报文中的 ID并没有改变, 因 此此时比较的结果是两个 ID相同,则真正的最后一跳路由器不处理当前收到的修改后的查询 报文, 直接丢弃该修改后的查询报文, 从而保证发起者只收到一个响应报文。
例如, 参见图 2, RTA发起组播路由跟踪, 组播组地址为 G, 携带 Alert选项, 真正的最 后一跳路由器 RTB收到查询报文后, 上送控制平面处理并转发给 RTC, 其中控制平面生成请 求报文, 从而进行组播路由跟踪, 直至组播路由跟踪结束。 另外, RTC收到查询报文后, 发 现自己与接收者 PC1直连, 且 RTC上发往 PC1的报文的入接口和出接口相同, 则将查询报 文的目的地址更改为 224.0.0.2, 然后发送修改后的查询报文, 真正的最后一跳路由器 RTB收 到修改后的查询报文后, 比较修改后的查询报文的 ID与上次处理的查询报文的 ID后, 丢弃 修改后的查询报文, 从而保证 RTA只收到一个响应报文。
本实施例针对查询报文中不指定最后一跳路由器而指定接收者的场景, 真正的最后一跳 路由器收到查询报文后进行组播路由跟踪, 且丢弃非真正的最后一跳路由器修改后的查询报 文, 可以确保发起者只收到一个响应报文, 完成正确的组播路由跟踪。
实施例 3
参见图 5, 本发明实施例提供了一种路由器, 具体包括:
接收模块 301, 用于接收执行组播路由跟踪的设备发来的查询报文;
判断模块 302, 用于判断是否路由器与接收模块 301 收到的查询报文中指定的接收者直 连, 且路由器上发往接收者的报文的入接口和出接口相同;
发送模块 303, 用于当判断模块 302判断的结果为是时, 根据接收模块 301收到的查询 报文中的组播组地址修改查询报文, 向出接口发送修改后的查询报文, 使接收者的最后一跳 路由器接收到修改后的查询报文。
进一步地, 参见图 6, 发送模块 303具体包括:
判断单元 303a, 用于当判断模块 302判断的结果为是时, 判断接收模块 301收到的查询 报文中的组播组地址是否为空;
修改单元 303b, 用于当判断单元 303a判断的结果为空时, 将查询报文的目的地址修改 为沿着源地址的逆向组播路径方向的上一跳路由器; 当判断单元 303a判断的结果不为空时, 将查询报文的目的地址修改为所有路由器的组播地址;
发送单元 303c, 用于向出接口发送修改单元 303b修改后的查询报文, 使接收者的最后 一跳路由器接收到修改后的查询报文。
本实施例通过修改查询报文的目的地址后转发该查询报文, 可以确保真正的最后一跳路 由器能够收到修改后的查询报文, 最后一跳路由器根据收到的查询报文和修改后的查询报文 发送请求报文, 从而完成正确的组播路由跟踪。
本发明实施例可以利用软件实现, 相应的软件程序可以存储在可读取的存储介质中, 如 路由器的硬盘或缓存中。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之 内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1 . 一种组播路由跟踪的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
接收执行组播路由跟踪的路由器发来的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文; 确定自己与所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中指定的接收者直连, 且发往 所述接收者的报文的入接口和出接口相同;
根据所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址修改所述互联网组管 理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 向所述出接口发送所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由 跟踪查询报文;
所述接收者的最后一跳路由器根据接收到的所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报 文或所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播 路径向上一跳路由器发送互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 直到连接组播源的第一 跳路由器收到所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文后, 向所述执行组播路由跟踪的 路由器发送互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪响应报文。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的组播路由跟踪的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述互联网组管 理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址修改所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询 报文, 具体包括:
判断所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址是否为空; 如果为空, 则将所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文的目的地址修改为沿着源 地址的逆向组播路径方向的上一跳路由器;
如果不为空, 则将所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文的目的地址修改为所有 路由器的组播地址。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的组播路由跟踪的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收者的最后一跳路 由器根据接收到的所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文或所述修改后的互联网组管 理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送互联 网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 具体包括:
所述接收者的最后一跳路由器接收到所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 且 所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的目的地址是自己, 则所述最后一跳路由器 在所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中添加自己的信息生成互联网组管理协议组 播路由跟踪请求报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送所述互联网组 管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的组播路由跟踪的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收者的最后一跳路 由器根据接收到的所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文或所述修改后的互联网组管 理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送互联 网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 具体包括:
所述接收者的最后一跳路由器接收到所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 且 所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中指定的最后一跳路由器不是自己, 则转发所 述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文; 当接收到所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播 路由跟踪查询报文, 且所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的目的地址 是自己或所有路由器的组播地址时, 所述最后一跳路由器在所述修改后的互联网组管理协议 组播路由跟踪查询报文中添加自己的信息生成互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 沿 着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请 求报文。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的组播路由跟踪的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收者的最后一跳路 由器根据接收到的所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文或所述修改后的互联网组管 理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器发送互联 网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 具体包括:
所述接收者的最后一跳路由器接收到所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 且 所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中未指定最后一跳路由器, 则判断出自己是最 后一跳路由器后, 在所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中添加自己的信息生成互 联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文, 沿着到组播源地址的逆向组播路径向上一跳路由器 发送所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪请求报文。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的组播路由跟踪的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 所述最后一跳路由器收到所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文后, 还接收到所 述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 则丢弃所述修改后的互联网组管理协 议组播路由跟踪查询报文。
7. 一种路由器, 其特征在于, 所述路由器包括:
接收模块, 用于接收执行组播路由跟踪的设备发来的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查 询报文;
判断模块, 用于判断是否所述路由器与所述接收模块收到的互联网组管理协议组播路由 跟踪查询报文中指定的接收者直连, 且所述路由器上发往所述接收者的报文的入接口和出接 口相同;
发送模块, 用于当所述判断模块判断的结果为是时, 根据所述接收模块收到的互联网组 管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址修改所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查 询报文, 向所述出接口发送所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文, 使所述 接收者的最后一跳路由器接收到所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述发送模块具体包括:
判断单元, 用于当所述判断模块判断的结果为是时, 判断所述接收模块收到的互联网组 管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文中的组播组地址是否为空;
修改单元, 用于当所述判断单元判断的结果为空时, 将所述互联网组管理协议组播路由 跟踪查询报文的目的地址修改为沿着源地址的逆向组播路径方向的上一跳路由器; 当所述判 断单元判断的结果不为空时, 将所述互联网组管理协议组播路由跟踪查询报文的目的地址修 改为所有路由器的组播地址;
发送单元, 用于向所述出接口发送所述修改单元修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路由跟 踪查询报文, 使所述接收者的最后一跳路由器接收到所述修改后的互联网组管理协议组播路 由跟踪查询报文。
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