WO2009044084A1 - System for introducing a vaporized fuel inside an exhaust element - Google Patents

System for introducing a vaporized fuel inside an exhaust element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009044084A1
WO2009044084A1 PCT/FR2008/051624 FR2008051624W WO2009044084A1 WO 2009044084 A1 WO2009044084 A1 WO 2009044084A1 FR 2008051624 W FR2008051624 W FR 2008051624W WO 2009044084 A1 WO2009044084 A1 WO 2009044084A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
vaporization
hand
exhaust
catalyst
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2008/051624
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Murli Kadandal
Thibault Panhard
Emmanuel Jean
Frédéric Greber
Original Assignee
Faurecia Systemes D'echappement (Societe Par Actions Simplifiee)
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Publication date
Application filed by Faurecia Systemes D'echappement (Societe Par Actions Simplifiee) filed Critical Faurecia Systemes D'echappement (Societe Par Actions Simplifiee)
Priority to DE112008002466.9T priority Critical patent/DE112008002466B4/en
Publication of WO2009044084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009044084A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1473—Overflow or return means for the substances, e.g. conduits or valves for the return path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1493—Purging the reducing agent out of the conduits or nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for introducing a vaporized fuel into an exhaust element which comprises a motor vehicle exhaust line with a heat engine.
  • This invention relates to the field of the automotive industry and, more particularly, that of the manufacture of equipment to ensure the escape of gases from the combustion of a fuel within an internal combustion engine.
  • Such equipment is in the form of an exhaust line connected to this engine and having a plurality of exhaust elements succeeding each other along this exhaust line, this in accordance with the direction of the flow of gases within it.
  • such an exhaust line comprises, then and successively, exhaust elements consisting of a catalyst (more particularly an oxidation catalyst), a particulate filter (FAP) and a silencer.
  • a catalyst more particularly an oxidation catalyst
  • FAP particulate filter
  • such a particle filter comprises, in fact, a multitude of channels within which particles, usually consisting of soot or the like, penetrate and are trapped, and which, after a certain period of operation of the engine, tend to clog these channels.
  • the fuel consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons whose carbon chains have different lengths and, therefore, different vaporization temperatures.
  • the shortest carbon chains vaporize around 160 0 C while the longest carbon chains vaporize around 380 0 C.
  • the means of vaporization of the fuel is supplied with fuel by a supply means connected to the fuel tank in which the fuel is stored at ambient temperature.
  • the fuel contained in the supply circuit of the vaporization means as well as in this vaporization means then has a temperature between that, ambient, of storage (at the reservoir) and that of vaporization
  • this means of vaporization and the part of the circuit supply near this vaporization means contain fuel whose temperature is lower than the maximum vaporization temperature, or even between the extreme temperatures of vaporization (for example between 160 and 380 0 C in the case of diesel).
  • This fuel especially when its temperature is between the extreme values of vaporization, is only partially degraded and contains, then, a large concentration of heavy hydrocarbons (that is to say, long carbon chain) which confers to this fuel a texture of mud or tar.
  • the vaporization means and the part of the supply circuit close to this vaporization means are located in the immediate vicinity of the exhaust line (or even directly fixed thereto) which has a sufficient operating temperature to transform the sludge. or this tar in carbon elements very stable and adherent to the wall of the vaporization means or that of the conduit of the supply circuit.
  • the presence of these carbon elements is detrimental to the operation of the vaporizer by limiting the amount of fuel to be introduced into the vaporization means, or even preventing such introduction.
  • the present invention is intended to overcome the disadvantages of devices of the state of the art.
  • the invention relates to a system for introducing a vaporized fuel into an exhaust element, in particular a catalyst, which comprises a motor vehicle exhaust line with a combustion engine, this system comprising, on the one hand, a means for vaporizing the fuel, on the other hand, means for introducing the vaporized fuel into the exhaust element and, on the other hand, means for supplying fuel to the vaporising means, characterized by the fact it comprises means for draining at least the vaporization means, or even at least part of the feeding means.
  • the draining means is at least partly constituted by a fuel discharge conduit connected, on the one hand, by means of vaporization or by means of supply and on the other hand , to a fuel storage tank.
  • a first embodiment consists in that the evacuation duct is constituted by a specific tube extending between the fuel tank and, as the case may be, the vaporization means or the supply means.
  • this exhaust duct is constituted, on the one hand, by a portion of a fuel return duct connecting the engine to the tank and, on the other hand, by a tube for the connecting, at this portion of the return duct, the vaporization means or the supply means.
  • the invention also relates to an exhaust line comprising, on the one hand, a catalyst, more particularly an oxidation catalyst, on the other hand, a particulate filter and, secondly, a system, implanted upstream of this catalyst, and designed to introduce a vaporized fuel into this catalyst, characterized in that the system for introducing a vaporized fuel into the catalyst is in accordance with the above characteristics.
  • the advantages of the device according to the invention consist in that it comprises means for draining at least the vaporizer after use of the latter.
  • This emptying means avoids, apart from the normal operation of the vaporizer, the non-vaporized fuel from decomposing under the effect of the temperature of the exhaust line and / or the heating element of the means. Spraying. This allows, advantageously, to ensure operation without fouling of this vaporizer.
  • the present invention relates to the field of the automotive industry and, more particularly, that of the manufacture of equipment to ensure the escape of gases from the combustion of a fuel within an internal combustion engine.
  • Such equipment is in the form of an exhaust line 1 connected to this engine and having a plurality of exhaust elements succeeding each other along this exhaust line 1, this in accordance with the direction of the flow gases within it.
  • such an exhaust line 1 comprises, in the direction of the gas flow, at least one catalyst 2, more particularly an oxidation catalyst, as well as a filter. particles 3.
  • a catalyst 2 and such a particle filter 3 can be defined at the same exhaust element, usually called cata-fap.
  • this catalyst 2 and this particulate filter 3 are each defined at a separate exhaust element, these exhaust elements then being connected to one another via a exhaust tube 4.
  • an exhaust line 1 may also comprise a turbocharger 5 implanted upstream of the catalyst 2, in the direction of the gas flow, and connected, on the one hand, to the engine and, on the other hand, to this catalyst 2 by an exhaust tube 4 '.
  • a turbocharger 5 implanted upstream of the catalyst 2, in the direction of the gas flow, and connected, on the one hand, to the engine and, on the other hand, to this catalyst 2 by an exhaust tube 4 '.
  • Such an exhaust line 1 is, furthermore, completed by a system 6 making it possible to ensure the regeneration of the particulate filter 3 which, as the engine operates, is fouled by particles (in particular soot) which are deposited in the channels of this particulate filter 3 and which, in the absence of such a regeneration system 6, would cause clogging.
  • such a system 6 is, in fact, designed to introduce a vaporized fuel (more particularly vaporized gas oil) inside the oxidation catalyst 2 which has the effect of increasing the temperature of the gases of exhaust in the exhaust line 1, in particular in the particle filter 3, causing degradation of the particles contained therein 3 and, thus, its regeneration.
  • a vaporized fuel more particularly vaporized gas oil
  • this system 6 is located upstream of the oxidation catalyst 2, plus particularly between this oxidation catalyst 2 and the turbocharger 5, preferably near the latter 5.
  • This system 6 is in communication with the internal volume of said catalyst 2 in order to allow the introduction of the vaporized fuel inside thereof 2.
  • this system 6 comprises, on the one hand, a means 7 for vaporizing the fuel.
  • Such a means 7 of vaporization is in the form of a housing receiving, internally, a heating element designed to vaporize the fuel and is provided, on the one hand, with a liquid fuel inlet and, on the other hand, a vaporized fuel outlet.
  • This vaporized fuel outlet is in communication with the internal volume of the catalyst 2, through a means included in the system 6 and which is designed to introduce the vaporized fuel into the catalyst 2, this means being, more particularly, constituted by a pipe, connected to the vaporizing means 7 and stitched on the aforementioned exhaust tube 4 '.
  • this system 6 comprises means 8 for supplying liquid fuel with this vaporization means 7.
  • Such a supply means 8 is, at least in part, constituted by a supply duct 9 connected, on the one hand, to the vaporization means 7 (more particularly to the liquid fuel inlet of this vaporization means 7 ) and, on the other hand, a fuel storage tank 10, more particularly that for supplying the engine.
  • This feed means 8 may, again, comprise a means 11 for ensuring a circulation of fuel in the conduit 9, such a circulation means 11 may be constituted by a pump or the like.
  • this system 6 may further comprise means for determining the flow rate of the fuel introduced into the vaporization means 7.
  • a dosing means may be defined at this vaporization means. 7, even (and preferably) at said supply means 8 and be more particularly constituted by a solenoid valve or the like.
  • this system 6 also comprises a means 12 for draining at least the vaporizing means 7, or even at least a portion of the supply means 8 (more particularly a portion of the supply duct 9).
  • such a draining means 12 is, at least in part, constituted by a discharge pipe 13 of the fuel contained in the vaporization means 7, or even in the means of power supply 8.
  • This exhaust duct 13 is connected, on the one hand, to this vaporization means 7 (directly or indirectly) and, on the other hand, to the fuel storage tank 10, for the reception of the evacuated fuel.
  • this exhaust duct 13 can then be connected to this vaporization means 7, either directly (more particularly by being connected to the level of the fuel inlet of this vaporization means 7). or (preferably) indirectly by being connected to said supply means 8 (more particularly to the supply duct 9 that comprises the supply means 8).
  • this exhaust duct 13 can be constituted by a specific tube extending between, on the one hand, the fuel tank 10 and, on the other hand, the vaporization means 7 or (and preferably) the supply duct 9 of the supply means 8 .
  • this exhaust duct 13 may consist, on the one hand, of a portion 14 of a fuel return duct 15 connecting the engine to the tank 10 and, secondly, by a tube 16 for connecting, to this portion 14 of the return duct 15, the vaporization means 7 or (and preferably) the supply means 8 (more particularly the duct). supply 9 of this feed means 8).
  • the exhaust pipe 13 can be completed by means for sucking, in this exhaust duct 13, the fuel contained at least in the vaporization means 7.
  • suction means is preferably constituted by a Venturi-type element defined at this exhaust duct 13, more particularly at the portion 14 of the return duct 15.
  • the system 6 can also comprise means 17 for reversibly sealing the evacuation duct 13.
  • Such a sealing means 16 is preferably constituted by a valve, more particularly by a solenoid valve.
  • This shutter means 17 is designed to be, on the one hand, in the closed position in the case of supply of fuel to the vaporization means 7 to prevent the circulation of fuel in the exhaust duct 13 (thus to prevent the evacuation of this fuel) and, secondly, in the open position in case of emptying this to allow the flow of fuel in the exhaust pipe 13 (so to allow the evacuation of the fuel).
  • the system 6 further comprises means for managing the emptying means 12 (more particularly the shut-off means 17), or even the fuel supply means 8 (more particularly the pump and / or the dosing means) and / or the vaporizing means 7 (more particularly the heating element that it comprises).
  • such a management means may be designed to actuate the supply means 8 to supply fuel to the vaporization means 7 while closing the closure means 17 and by actuating the heating element of the vaporization means 7, this during the regeneration of the particulate filter 3.
  • This management means can also be designed to inactivate the supply means 8 and to open the closure means 17, during an emptying operation of the vaporization means 7, or even of the supply means 8.
  • this management means may, again, be designed to actuate (or maintain actuated) the heating element of the vaporization means 7 for at least part of the duration of a draining operation of the latter 7.
  • the invention also relates to an exhaust line 1 comprising, on the one hand, a catalyst 2, more particularly an oxidation catalyst, on the other hand, a particulate filter 3 and, on the other hand, a system 6 designed to introduce a vaporized fuel into this catalyst 2 and having the above characteristics.
  • This system 6 is implanted upstream of this catalyst 2, or even (and preferably when this exhaust line 1 comprises a turbocharger 5) implanted between such a catalyst 2 and a turbocharger 5, preferably close to the turbocharger 5.

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (6) for introducing a vaporized fuel inside an exhaust element, in particular a catalytic converter (2), that belongs to an exhaust line (1) of a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine, this system (6) comprising, firstly, a means (7) for vaporizing the fuel, secondly, a means for introducing the vaporized fuel into the exhaust element (2), and, thirdly, a means (8) for supplying fuel to the vaporizing means (7). This system (6) is characterized in that it comprises a means (12) for draining at least the vaporizing means (7) or even at least part of the supply means (8).

Description

SYSTEME POUR INTRODUIRE UN CARBURANT VAPORISE A L'INTERIEUR D'UN ELEMENT D'ECHAPPEMENTSYSTEM FOR INTRODUCING VAPORIZED FUEL INTO AN EXHAUST MEMBER
La présente invention a trait à un système pour introduire un carburant vaporisé à l'intérieur d'un élément d'échappement que comporte une ligne d'échappement de véhicule automobile à moteur thermique .The present invention relates to a system for introducing a vaporized fuel into an exhaust element which comprises a motor vehicle exhaust line with a heat engine.
Cette invention concerne le domaine de l ' industrie automobile et, plus particulièrement, celui de la fabrication des équipements permettant d'assurer l'échappement des gaz issus de la combustion d'un carburant au sein d'un moteur thermique à combustion interne .This invention relates to the field of the automotive industry and, more particularly, that of the manufacture of equipment to ensure the escape of gases from the combustion of a fuel within an internal combustion engine.
Un tel équipement se présente sous la forme d'une ligne d'échappement raccordée à ce moteur et comportant une pluralité d'éléments d'échappement se succédant le long de cette ligne d'échappement, ceci conformément au sens de l'écoulement des gaz en son sein.Such equipment is in the form of an exhaust line connected to this engine and having a plurality of exhaust elements succeeding each other along this exhaust line, this in accordance with the direction of the flow of gases within it.
De manière usuelle, une telle ligne d'échappement comporte, alors et successivement, des éléments d'échappement constitués par un catalyseur (plus particulièrement un catalyseur d'oxydation) , par un filtre à particules (FAP) ainsi que par un silencieux.In the usual manner, such an exhaust line comprises, then and successively, exhaust elements consisting of a catalyst (more particularly an oxidation catalyst), a particulate filter (FAP) and a silencer.
On observera qu'un tel filtre à particules comporte, en fait, une multitude de canaux à l ' intérieur desquels pénètrent et sont piégées des particules , usuellement constituées par des suies ou analogue, et qui, après une certaine durée de fonctionnement du moteur, ont tendance à boucher ces canaux.It will be observed that such a particle filter comprises, in fact, a multitude of channels within which particles, usually consisting of soot or the like, penetrate and are trapped, and which, after a certain period of operation of the engine, tend to clog these channels.
Afin de remédier à cet inconvénient, il est connu de recourir à un système, implanté en amont du catalyseur d'oxydation, et conçu, d'une part, pour vaporiser du carburant (notamment du gasoil) et, d'autre part, pour introduire les vapeurs de carburant à l ' intérieur de ce catalyseur d ' oxydation ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter la température des gaz d'échappement qui pénètrent dans le filtre à particules .In order to overcome this drawback, it is known to use a system installed upstream of the oxidation catalyst and designed, on the one hand, to vaporize fuel (especially gas oil) and, on the other hand, to introduce the vapors of fuel within this oxidation catalyst which has the effect of increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the particulate filter.
Cette augmentation de température des gaz d'échappement permet, alors , de provoquer une combustion des particules contenues dans ce filtre à particules et d'assurer, ainsi, une régénération de ce dernier .This increase in temperature of the exhaust gas then makes it possible to cause combustion of the particles contained in this particulate filter and thus to ensure a regeneration of the latter.
Cependant, cette manière de procéder présente certains inconvénients .However, this way of proceeding has certain disadvantages.
En effet, le carburant est constitué par un mélange d'hydrocarbures dont les chaines carbonées présentent des longueurs différentes et, de ce fait, des températures de vaporisation différentes .Indeed, the fuel consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons whose carbon chains have different lengths and, therefore, different vaporization temperatures.
Ainsi, lorsque le carburant est constitué par du gasoil, les chaines carbonées les plus courtes se vaporisent vers 1600C tandis que les chaines carbonées les plus longues se vaporisent vers 3800C.Thus, when the fuel is constituted by gas oil, the shortest carbon chains vaporize around 160 0 C while the longest carbon chains vaporize around 380 0 C.
On observera que le moyen de vaporisation du carburant est alimenté en carburant par un moyen d ' alimentation raccordé au réservoir de carburant dans lequel ce carburant est stocké à température ambiante .It will be observed that the means of vaporization of the fuel is supplied with fuel by a supply means connected to the fuel tank in which the fuel is stored at ambient temperature.
Ainsi, le carburant contenu dans le circuit d'alimentation du moyen de vaporisation ainsi que dans ce moyen de vaporisation présente, alors, une température comprise entre celle, ambiante, de stockage (au niveau du réservoir) et celle de vaporisationThus, the fuel contained in the supply circuit of the vaporization means as well as in this vaporization means then has a temperature between that, ambient, of storage (at the reservoir) and that of vaporization
(au niveau d'un élément chauffant que comporte ce moyen de vaporisation) .(At a heating element that includes this means of vaporization).
Or, lorsqu'on coupe l'alimentation en carburant de ce moyen de vaporisation, ce moyen de vaporisation et la partie du circuit d'alimentation proche de ce moyen de vaporisation contiennent du carburant dont la température est inférieure à la température maximale de vaporisation, voire comprise entre les températures extrêmes de vaporisation (par exemple comprise entre 160 et 3800C dans le cas du gasoil) .However, when the fuel supply of this means of vaporization is cut off, this means of vaporization and the part of the circuit supply near this vaporization means contain fuel whose temperature is lower than the maximum vaporization temperature, or even between the extreme temperatures of vaporization (for example between 160 and 380 0 C in the case of diesel).
Ce carburant, plus particulièrement lorsque sa température est comprise entre les valeurs extrêmes de vaporisation, n'est que partiellement dégradé et contient, alors, une concentration importante d'hydrocarbures lourds (c'est-à-dire à chaîne carbonée longue) qui confère à ce carburant une texture de boue ou de goudron .This fuel, especially when its temperature is between the extreme values of vaporization, is only partially degraded and contains, then, a large concentration of heavy hydrocarbons (that is to say, long carbon chain) which confers to this fuel a texture of mud or tar.
Or, le moyen de vaporisation ainsi la partie du circuit d'alimentation proche de ce moyen de vaporisation sont implantés à proximité immédiate de la ligne d'échappement (voire directement fixés sur cette dernière) qui présente une température de fonctionnement suffisante pour transformer cette boue ou ce goudron en éléments carbonés très stables et adhérents à la paroi du moyen de vaporisation ou à celle du conduit du circuit d'alimentation. La présence de ces éléments carbonés est préjudiciable au fonctionnement du vaporisateur en limitant la quantité de carburant à introduire dans le moyen de vaporisation, voire en empêchant une telle introduction.However, the vaporization means and the part of the supply circuit close to this vaporization means are located in the immediate vicinity of the exhaust line (or even directly fixed thereto) which has a sufficient operating temperature to transform the sludge. or this tar in carbon elements very stable and adherent to the wall of the vaporization means or that of the conduit of the supply circuit. The presence of these carbon elements is detrimental to the operation of the vaporizer by limiting the amount of fuel to be introduced into the vaporization means, or even preventing such introduction.
La présente invention se veut à même de remédier aux inconvénients des dispositifs de l'état de la technique.The present invention is intended to overcome the disadvantages of devices of the state of the art.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un système pour introduire un carburant vaporisé à l'intérieur d'un élément d'échappement, notamment un catalyseur, que comporte une ligne d'échappement de véhicule automobile à moteur thermique, ce système comportant, d'une part, un moyen pour vaporiser le carburant, d'autre part, un moyen pour introduire le carburant vaporisé dans l ' élément d'échappement et, d'autre part encore, un moyen pour alimenter en carburant le moyen de vaporisation, caractérisé par le fait qu ' il comporte un moyen pour vidanger au moins le moyen de vaporisation, voire encore une partie au moins du moyen d ' alimentation .For this purpose, the invention relates to a system for introducing a vaporized fuel into an exhaust element, in particular a catalyst, which comprises a motor vehicle exhaust line with a combustion engine, this system comprising, on the one hand, a means for vaporizing the fuel, on the other hand, means for introducing the vaporized fuel into the exhaust element and, on the other hand, means for supplying fuel to the vaporising means, characterized by the fact it comprises means for draining at least the vaporization means, or even at least part of the feeding means.
Une autre caractéristique consiste en ce que le moyen de vidange est, au moins en partie, constitué par un conduit d'évacuation du carburant raccordé, d'une part, au moyen de vaporisation ou au moyen d'alimentation et, d'autre part, à un réservoir de stockage de carburant.Another feature is that the draining means is at least partly constituted by a fuel discharge conduit connected, on the one hand, by means of vaporization or by means of supply and on the other hand , to a fuel storage tank.
En fait, un premier mode de réalisation consiste en ce que le conduit d'évacuation est constitué par un tube spécifique s 'étendant entre le réservoir de carburant et, selon le cas, le moyen de vaporisation ou le moyen d'alimentation.In fact, a first embodiment consists in that the evacuation duct is constituted by a specific tube extending between the fuel tank and, as the case may be, the vaporization means or the supply means.
Cependant et selon un autre mode de réalisation, ce conduit d'évacuation est constitué, d'une part, par une portion d'un conduit de retour de carburant raccordant le moteur au réservoir et, d'autre part, par un tube pour le raccordement, à cette portion de conduit de retour, du moyen de vaporisation ou du moyen d ' alimentation .However, according to another embodiment, this exhaust duct is constituted, on the one hand, by a portion of a fuel return duct connecting the engine to the tank and, on the other hand, by a tube for the connecting, at this portion of the return duct, the vaporization means or the supply means.
L'invention concerne, encore, une ligne d'échappement comportant, d'une part, un catalyseur, plus particulièrement un catalyseur d'oxydation, d'autre part, un filtre à particules et, d'autre part encore, un système, implanté en amont de ce catalyseur, et conçu pour introduire un carburant vaporisé dans ce catalyseur, caractérisé par le fait que le système pour introduire un carburant vaporisé dans le catalyseur est conforme aux caractéristiques susmentionnées .The invention also relates to an exhaust line comprising, on the one hand, a catalyst, more particularly an oxidation catalyst, on the other hand, a particulate filter and, secondly, a system, implanted upstream of this catalyst, and designed to introduce a vaporized fuel into this catalyst, characterized in that the system for introducing a vaporized fuel into the catalyst is in accordance with the above characteristics.
Les avantages du dispositif conforme à l'invention consistent en ce qu ' il comporte un moyen pour vidanger au moins le vaporisateur après utilisation de ce dernier. La présence de ce moyen de vidange permet d'éviter, en dehors du fonctionnement normal du vaporisateur, au carburant non vaporisé de se décomposer sous l'effet de la température de la ligne d'échappement et/ou de l'élément chauffant du moyen de vaporisation. Ceci permet, avantageusement, de garantir un fonctionnement sans encrassement de ce vaporisateur.The advantages of the device according to the invention consist in that it comprises means for draining at least the vaporizer after use of the latter. The presence of this emptying means avoids, apart from the normal operation of the vaporizer, the non-vaporized fuel from decomposing under the effect of the temperature of the exhaust line and / or the heating element of the means. Spraying. This allows, advantageously, to ensure operation without fouling of this vaporizer.
D'autres buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre se rapportant à des modes de réalisation qui ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemples indicatifs et non limitatifs .Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description relating to embodiments which are given by way of indicative and non-limiting examples.
La compréhension de cette description sera facilitée en se référant au dessin joint en annexe et dans lequel la figure unique est une vue schématisée et partielle d'une ligne d'échappement à laquelle est associé un système, conforme à l'invention, et conçu pour y introduire un carburant vaporisé.The understanding of this description will be facilitated by referring to the attached drawing and in which the single figure is a schematic and partial view of an exhaust line to which is associated a system, according to the invention, and designed to introduce a vaporized fuel.
La présente invention concerne le domaine de l'industrie automobile et, plus particulièrement, celui de la fabrication des équipements permettant d'assurer l'échappement des gaz issus de la combustion d'un carburant au sein d'un moteur thermique à combustion interne .The present invention relates to the field of the automotive industry and, more particularly, that of the manufacture of equipment to ensure the escape of gases from the combustion of a fuel within an internal combustion engine.
Un tel équipement se présente sous la forme d'une ligne d'échappement 1 raccordée à ce moteur et comportant une pluralité d'éléments d'échappement se succédant le long de cette ligne d'échappement 1, ceci conformément au sens de l'écoulement des gaz en son sein.Such equipment is in the form of an exhaust line 1 connected to this engine and having a plurality of exhaust elements succeeding each other along this exhaust line 1, this in accordance with the direction of the flow gases within it.
En particulier et comme visible sur la figure en annexe, une telle ligne d'échappement 1 comporte, dans le sens de l'écoulement des gaz, au moins un catalyseur 2, plus particulièrement un catalyseur d'oxydation, ainsi qu'un filtre à particules 3. Selon un mode particulier de réalisation non représenté , un tel catalyseur 2 et un tel filtre à particules 3 peuvent être définis au niveau d'un même élément d'échappement, usuellement dénommé cata-fap.In particular and as shown in the appended figure, such an exhaust line 1 comprises, in the direction of the gas flow, at least one catalyst 2, more particularly an oxidation catalyst, as well as a filter. particles 3. According to a particular embodiment not shown, such a catalyst 2 and such a particle filter 3 can be defined at the same exhaust element, usually called cata-fap.
Cependant et tel qu'illustré, ce catalyseur 2 et ce filtre à particules 3 sont définis, chacun, au niveau d'un élément d'échappement distinct, ces éléments d'échappement étant, alors, raccordés entre eux par le biais d'un tube d'échappement 4.However, and as illustrated, this catalyst 2 and this particulate filter 3 are each defined at a separate exhaust element, these exhaust elements then being connected to one another via a exhaust tube 4.
De manière additionnelle, une telle ligne d'échappement 1 peut, encore , comporter un turbocompresseur 5 , implanté en amont du catalyseur 2, ceci dans le sens de l'écoulement des gaz, et raccordé, d'une part, au moteur et, d'autre part, à ce catalyseur 2 par un tube d'échappement 4' .In addition, such an exhaust line 1 may also comprise a turbocharger 5 implanted upstream of the catalyst 2, in the direction of the gas flow, and connected, on the one hand, to the engine and, on the other hand, to this catalyst 2 by an exhaust tube 4 '.
Une telle ligne d'échappement 1 est, encore, complétée par un système 6 permettant d'assurer la régénération du filtre à particules 3 qui, au fur et à mesure du fonctionnement du moteur, est encrassé par des particules (notamment de suie) qui se déposent dans les canaux de ce filtre à particules 3 et qui, en l'absence d'un tel système de régénération 6, en provoqueraient l ' obturation .Such an exhaust line 1 is, furthermore, completed by a system 6 making it possible to ensure the regeneration of the particulate filter 3 which, as the engine operates, is fouled by particles (in particular soot) which are deposited in the channels of this particulate filter 3 and which, in the absence of such a regeneration system 6, would cause clogging.
Pour ce faire, un tel système 6 est, en fait, conçu pour introduire un carburant vaporisé (plus particulièrement du gasoil vaporisé) à l'intérieur du catalyseur d'oxydation 2 ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter la température des gaz d'échappement dans la ligne d'échappement 1, en particulier dans le filtre à particules 3 , entrainant une dégradation des particules contenues dans ce dernier 3 et, ainsi, sa régénération .To do this, such a system 6 is, in fact, designed to introduce a vaporized fuel (more particularly vaporized gas oil) inside the oxidation catalyst 2 which has the effect of increasing the temperature of the gases of exhaust in the exhaust line 1, in particular in the particle filter 3, causing degradation of the particles contained therein 3 and, thus, its regeneration.
Tel que visible sur la figure en annexe, ce système 6 est implanté en amont du catalyseur d'oxydation 2, plus particulièrement entre ce catalyseur d'oxydation 2 et le turbocompresseur 5, de préférence à proximité de ce dernier 5.As can be seen in the appended figure, this system 6 is located upstream of the oxidation catalyst 2, plus particularly between this oxidation catalyst 2 and the turbocharger 5, preferably near the latter 5.
Ce système 6 est en communication avec le volume interne dudit catalyseur 2 en vue de permettre l ' introduction du carburant vaporisé à l'intérieur de celui-ci 2.This system 6 is in communication with the internal volume of said catalyst 2 in order to allow the introduction of the vaporized fuel inside thereof 2.
Tel que visible sur la figure en annexe, ce système 6 comporte, d'une part, un moyen 7 pour vaporiser le carburant.As shown in the appended figure, this system 6 comprises, on the one hand, a means 7 for vaporizing the fuel.
Un tel moyen 7 de vaporisation se présente sous la forme d'un boitier recevant, intérieurement, un élément chauffant conçu pour vaporiser le carburant et est pourvu, d'une part, d'une entrée de carburant liquide et, d'autre part, d'une sortie du carburant vaporisé.Such a means 7 of vaporization is in the form of a housing receiving, internally, a heating element designed to vaporize the fuel and is provided, on the one hand, with a liquid fuel inlet and, on the other hand, a vaporized fuel outlet.
Cette sortie de carburant vaporisé est en communication avec le volume interne du catalyseur 2 , par le biais d ' un moyen que comporte le système 6 et qui est conçu pour introduire le carburant vaporisé dans ce catalyseur 2, ce moyen étant, plus particulièrement, constitué par un conduit, raccordé au moyen de vaporisation 7 et piqué sur le tube d'échappement 4' susmentionné .This vaporized fuel outlet is in communication with the internal volume of the catalyst 2, through a means included in the system 6 and which is designed to introduce the vaporized fuel into the catalyst 2, this means being, more particularly, constituted by a pipe, connected to the vaporizing means 7 and stitched on the aforementioned exhaust tube 4 '.
D'autre part, ce système 6 comporte un moyen 8 pour alimenter en carburant liquide ce moyen de vaporisation 7.On the other hand, this system 6 comprises means 8 for supplying liquid fuel with this vaporization means 7.
Un tel moyen d'alimentation 8 est, au moins en partie, constitué par un conduit d'alimentation 9 raccordé, d'une part, au moyen de vaporisation 7 (plus particulièrement à l ' entrée de carburant liquide de ce moyen de vaporisation 7) et, d'autre part, à un réservoir 10 de stockage du carburant, plus particulièrement celui pour l ' alimentation du moteur .Such a supply means 8 is, at least in part, constituted by a supply duct 9 connected, on the one hand, to the vaporization means 7 (more particularly to the liquid fuel inlet of this vaporization means 7 ) and, on the other hand, a fuel storage tank 10, more particularly that for supplying the engine.
Ce moyen d'alimentation 8 peut, encore, comporter un moyen 11 pour assurer une circulation du carburant dans le conduit d'alimentation 9, un tel moyen de circulation 11 pouvant être constitué par une pompe ou analogue.This feed means 8 may, again, comprise a means 11 for ensuring a circulation of fuel in the conduit 9, such a circulation means 11 may be constituted by a pump or the like.
Une autre caractéristique de ce système 6 consiste en ce qu'il peut, en outre, comporter un moyen pour doser le débit du carburant introduit dans le moyen de vaporisation 7. Un tel moyen de dosage peut être défini au niveau de ce moyen de vaporisation 7, voire (et de préférence) au niveau dudit moyen d'alimentation 8 et être, plus particulièrement, constitué par une électrovanne ou analogue.Another feature of this system 6 is that it may further comprise means for determining the flow rate of the fuel introduced into the vaporization means 7. Such a dosing means may be defined at this vaporization means. 7, even (and preferably) at said supply means 8 and be more particularly constituted by a solenoid valve or the like.
Selon l'invention, ce système 6 comporte, également, un moyen 12 pour vidanger au moins le moyen de vaporisation 7 , voire encore une partie au moins du moyen d'alimentation 8 (plus particulièrement une partie du conduit d'alimentation 9) .According to the invention, this system 6 also comprises a means 12 for draining at least the vaporizing means 7, or even at least a portion of the supply means 8 (more particularly a portion of the supply duct 9).
En fait et tel que visible sur la figure en annexe, un tel moyen de vidange 12 est, au moins en partie, constitué par un conduit d'évacuation 13 du carburant contenu dans le moyen de vaporisation 7, voire encore dans le moyen d'alimentation 8.In fact and as shown in the appended figure, such a draining means 12 is, at least in part, constituted by a discharge pipe 13 of the fuel contained in the vaporization means 7, or even in the means of power supply 8.
Ce conduit d'évacuation 13 est raccordé, d'une part, à ce moyen de vaporisation 7 (directement ou indirectement) et, d'autre part, au réservoir 10 de stockage de carburant, ceci pour la réception du carburant évacué.This exhaust duct 13 is connected, on the one hand, to this vaporization means 7 (directly or indirectly) and, on the other hand, to the fuel storage tank 10, for the reception of the evacuated fuel.
A ce propos, on observera que ce conduit d'évacuation 13 peut, alors , être raccordé à ce moyen de vaporisation 7 , soit directement (plus particulièrement en étant raccordé au niveau de l'entrée de carburant de ce moyen de vaporisation 7) , soit (et de préférence) indirectement en étant raccordé audit moyen d'alimentation 8 (plus particulièrement au conduit d'alimentation 9 que comporte ce moyen d'alimentation 8) .In this connection, it will be observed that this exhaust duct 13 can then be connected to this vaporization means 7, either directly (more particularly by being connected to the level of the fuel inlet of this vaporization means 7). or (preferably) indirectly by being connected to said supply means 8 (more particularly to the supply duct 9 that comprises the supply means 8).
Selon un premier mode de réalisation (illustré en trait pleins sur la figure en annexe) , ce conduit d'évacuation 13 peut être constitué par un tube spécifique s 'étendant entre, d'une part, le réservoir 10 de carburant et, d'autre part, le moyen de vaporisation 7 ou (et de préférence) le conduit d'alimentation 9 du moyen d'alimentation 8.According to a first embodiment (shown in solid lines in the attached figure), this exhaust duct 13 can be constituted by a specific tube extending between, on the one hand, the fuel tank 10 and, on the other hand, the vaporization means 7 or (and preferably) the supply duct 9 of the supply means 8 .
Dans un pareil cas, la pression régnant dans le catalyseur 2 étant supérieure à celle régnant dans le moyen 7 de vaporisation, le carburant contenu dans ce moyen 7 de vaporisation est repoussé d'une distance suffisante pour ne plus être en contact avec un élément chauffant de ce moyen de vaporisation 7.In such a case, the pressure prevailing in the catalyst 2 being greater than that prevailing in the means 7 of vaporization, the fuel contained in this means 7 of vaporization is pushed back a distance sufficient to no longer be in contact with a heating element of this vaporization means 7.
Selon un second mode de réalisation (illustré en trait pointillés sur la figure en annexe) ce conduit d'évacuation 13 peut être constitué, d'une part, par une portion 14 d'un conduit de retour 15 de carburant raccordant le moteur au réservoir 10 et, d'autre part, par un tube 16 pour le raccordement, à cette portion 14 de conduit de retour 15, du moyen de vaporisation 7 ou (et de préférence) du moyen d'alimentation 8 (plus particulièrement du conduit d'alimentation 9 de ce moyen d'alimentation 8) .According to a second embodiment (shown in dashed lines in the appended figure) this exhaust duct 13 may consist, on the one hand, of a portion 14 of a fuel return duct 15 connecting the engine to the tank 10 and, secondly, by a tube 16 for connecting, to this portion 14 of the return duct 15, the vaporization means 7 or (and preferably) the supply means 8 (more particularly the duct). supply 9 of this feed means 8).
A ce propos, on observera que, dans le cas où le système d'injection de carburant dans le moteur fonctionne avec un débit de retour faible (partie basse pression intégrée à la pompe haute pression) , la gravité et la contre pression d'échappement suffiront à repousser le carburant à une distance suffisante pour ne plus être en contact avec l ' élément chauffant du moyen de vaporisation.In this respect, it will be observed that, in the case where the fuel injection system in the engine operates with a low return flow (low pressure part integrated with the high pressure pump), the gravity and the exhaust backpressure will be sufficient to repel the fuel at a distance sufficient to no longer be in contact with the heating element of the vaporizing means.
Cependant et dans le cas où le système d'injection de carburant dans le moteur fonctionne avec un débit de retour fort (pompe basse pression séparée de la pompe haute pression) , le conduit d'évacuation 13 peut être complété par un moyen pour aspirer, dans ce conduit d'évacuation 13, le carburant contenu au moins dans le moyen de vaporisation 7. Un tel moyen d'aspiration est, de préférence, constitué par un élément de type Venturi défini au niveau de ce conduit d'évacuation 13, plus particulièrement au niveau de la portion 14 de conduit de retour 15.However, and in the case where the fuel injection system in the engine operates with a strong return flow (low pressure pump separated from the high pressure pump), the exhaust pipe 13 can be completed by means for sucking, in this exhaust duct 13, the fuel contained at least in the vaporization means 7. Such suction means is preferably constituted by a Venturi-type element defined at this exhaust duct 13, more particularly at the portion 14 of the return duct 15.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention et quel que soit le moyen de vidange 12 susmentionné, le système 6 peut, encore, comporter un moyen 17 pour obturer, de manière réversible, le conduit d'évacuation 13.According to another characteristic of the invention and irrespective of the above-mentioned draining means 12, the system 6 can also comprise means 17 for reversibly sealing the evacuation duct 13.
Un tel moyen d'obturation 16 est, de préférence, constitué par une vanne , plus particulièrement par une électrovanne .Such a sealing means 16 is preferably constituted by a valve, more particularly by a solenoid valve.
Ce moyen d'obturation 17 est conçu pour être, d'une part, en position fermée en cas d'alimentation en carburant du moyen de vaporisation 7 ceci pour empêcher la circulation du carburant dans le conduit d'évacuation 13 (donc pour empêcher l'évacuation de ce carburant) et, d'autre part, en position ouverte en cas de vidange ceci pour autoriser la circulation du carburant dans ce conduit d'évacuation 13 (donc pour autoriser l'évacuation de ce carburant) .This shutter means 17 is designed to be, on the one hand, in the closed position in the case of supply of fuel to the vaporization means 7 to prevent the circulation of fuel in the exhaust duct 13 (thus to prevent the evacuation of this fuel) and, secondly, in the open position in case of emptying this to allow the flow of fuel in the exhaust pipe 13 (so to allow the evacuation of the fuel).
Selon l'invention, le système 6 comporte, en outre, un moyen pour gérer le moyen de vidange 12 (plus particulièrement le moyen d'obturation 17), voire encore le moyen d'alimentation 8 en carburant (plus particulièrement la pompe et/ou le moyen de dosage) et/ou le moyen de vaporisation 7 (plus particulièrement l'élément chauffant que comporte celui-ci) .According to the invention, the system 6 further comprises means for managing the emptying means 12 (more particularly the shut-off means 17), or even the fuel supply means 8 (more particularly the pump and / or the dosing means) and / or the vaporizing means 7 (more particularly the heating element that it comprises).
Ainsi , un tel moyen de gestion peut être conçu pour actionner le moyen d'alimentation 8 en vue d'alimenter en carburant le moyen de vaporisation 7 tout en obturant le moyen d'obturation 17 et en actionnant l ' élément chauffant du moyen de vaporisation 7 , ceci lors de la régénération du filtre à particules 3. Ce moyen de gestion peut, également, être conçu pour inactiver le moyen d'alimentation 8 et ouvrir le moyen d'obturation 17, ceci lors d'une opération de vidange du moyen de vaporisation 7, voire du moyen d ' alimentation 8.Thus, such a management means may be designed to actuate the supply means 8 to supply fuel to the vaporization means 7 while closing the closure means 17 and by actuating the heating element of the vaporization means 7, this during the regeneration of the particulate filter 3. This management means can also be designed to inactivate the supply means 8 and to open the closure means 17, during an emptying operation of the vaporization means 7, or even of the supply means 8.
A ce propos, on observera que ce moyen de gestion peut, encore, être conçu pour actionner (ou maintenir actionné) l'élément chauffant du moyen de vaporisation 7 pendant une partie au moins de la durée d ' une opération de vidange de ce dernier 7.In this regard, it will be observed that this management means may, again, be designed to actuate (or maintain actuated) the heating element of the vaporization means 7 for at least part of the duration of a draining operation of the latter 7.
L'invention concerne, encore, une ligne d'échappement 1 comportant, d'une part, un catalyseur 2, plus particulièrement un catalyseur d'oxydation, d'autre part, un filtre à particules 3 et, d'autre part encore, un système 6 conçu pour introduire un carburant vaporisé dans ce catalyseur 2 et présentant les caractéristiques susmentionnés .The invention also relates to an exhaust line 1 comprising, on the one hand, a catalyst 2, more particularly an oxidation catalyst, on the other hand, a particulate filter 3 and, on the other hand, a system 6 designed to introduce a vaporized fuel into this catalyst 2 and having the above characteristics.
Ce système 6 est implanté en amont de ce catalyseur 2 , voire (et de préférence lorsque cette ligne d'échappement 1 comporte un turbocompresseur 5) implanté entre un tel catalyseur 2 et un turbocompresseur 5, de préférence à proximité de ce turbocompresseur 5. This system 6 is implanted upstream of this catalyst 2, or even (and preferably when this exhaust line 1 comprises a turbocharger 5) implanted between such a catalyst 2 and a turbocharger 5, preferably close to the turbocharger 5.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Système (6) pour introduire un carburant vaporisé à l'intérieur d'un élément d'échappement, notamment un catalyseur (2) , que comporte une ligne d'échappement (1) de véhicule automobile à moteur thermique, ce système (6) comportant, d'une part, un moyen (7) pour vaporiser le carburant, d'autre part, un moyen pour introduire le carburant vaporisé dans l'élément d'échappement (2) et, d'autre part encore, un moyen (8) pour alimenter en carburant le moyen de vaporisation (7) , caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un moyen (12) pour vidanger au moins le moyen de vaporisation (7) , voire encore une partie au moins du moyen d'alimentation (8) .1. System (6) for introducing a vaporized fuel inside an exhaust element, in particular a catalyst (2), which comprises an exhaust line (1) of a motor vehicle with a heat engine, this system ( 6) comprising, on the one hand, means (7) for vaporizing the fuel, on the other hand, means for introducing the vaporized fuel into the exhaust element (2) and, on the other hand, a means (8) for supplying fuel to the vaporization means (7), characterized in that it comprises means (12) for draining at least the vaporization means (7), or at least a part of at least one of the means feeding (8).
2. Système (6) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen (12) pour vidanger le moyen de vaporisation (7) est, au moins en partie, constitué par un conduit (13) d'évacuation du carburant raccordé, d'une part, au moyen de vaporisation (7) ou au moyen d'alimentation (8) et, d'autre part, à un réservoir (10) de stockage de carburant.2. System (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (12) for draining the vaporization means (7) is at least partly constituted by a conduit (13) for discharging the connected fuel on the one hand by means of vaporization (7) or on the feed means (8) and on the other hand to a fuel storage tank (10).
3. Système (6) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le conduit d'évacuation (13) est constitué par un tube spécifique s 'étendant entre le réservoir (10) de carburant et, selon le cas, le moyen de vaporisation (7) ou le moyen d'alimentation (8) .3. System (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that the discharge duct (13) is constituted by a specific tube extending between the fuel tank (10) and, as the case may be, the means of vaporization (7) or the feeding means (8).
4. Système (6) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le conduit d'évacuation (13) est constitué, d'une part, par une portion (14) d'un conduit de retour (15) de carburant raccordant le moteur au réservoir (10) et, d'autre part, par un tube (13) pour le raccordement, à cette portion (14) de conduit de retour (15) , du moyen de vaporisation (7) ou du moyen d'alimentation (8) . 4. System (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that the discharge duct (13) is constituted, on the one hand, by a portion (14) of a connecting fuel return duct (15). the motor to the reservoir (10) and, on the other hand, a tube (13) for connecting, to this portion (14) of the return duct (15), the vaporization means (7) or the means for power supply (8).
5. Système (6) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le conduit d'évacuation (13) est complété par un moyen pour aspirer, dans ce conduit d'évacuation (13) , le carburant contenu au moins dans le moyen de vaporisation (7) .5. System (6) according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust duct (13) is completed by means for sucking, in this exhaust duct (13), the fuel contained in at least the means Spraying (7).
6. Système (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen (12) pour vidanger comporte, encore, un moyen (17) pour obturer, de manière réversible, le conduit d'évacuation (13) .6. System (6) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the means (12) for draining comprises, further, means (17) for closing, reversibly, the exhaust duct (13).
7. Système (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen (8) pour alimenter le moyen de vaporisation (7) en carburant est au moins en partie constitué par un conduit d'alimentation (9) raccordé, d'une part, au moyen de vaporisation (7) et, d'autre part, à un réservoir (10) de stockage du carburant.7. System (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (8) for supplying the vaporization means (7) with fuel is at least partly constituted by a supply duct (9). ) connected, on the one hand, by means of vaporization (7) and, on the other hand, to a tank (10) for storing the fuel.
8. Système (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen d'alimentation8. System (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feeding means
(8) en carburant comporte un moyen (11) pour assurer une circulation du carburant dans le conduit d'alimentation (9) .(8) comprises a means (11) for circulating the fuel in the supply duct (9).
9. Système (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes , caractérisé par le fait qu ' il comporte un moyen pour doser le débit du carburant introduit dans le moyen de vaporisation (7) .9. System (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for dosing the flow of fuel introduced into the vaporization means (7).
10. Système (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes , caractérisé par le fait qu ' il comporte un moyen pour gérer le moyen de vidange (12) , voire encore le moyen d'alimentation (8) en carburant et/ou le moyen de vaporisation (7) .10. System (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for managing the emptying means (12), or even the fuel supply means (8) and / or the vaporization means (7).
11. Ligne d'échappement (1) comportant, d'une part, un catalyseur (2) , plus particulièrement un catalyseur d'oxydation, d'autre part, un filtre à particules (3) et, d'autre part encore, un système (6) , implanté en amont de ce catalyseur (2) , et conçu pour introduire un carburant vaporisé dans ce catalyseur (2) , caractérisé par le fait que le système (6) pour introduire un carburant vaporisé dans le catalyseur (2) est conforme à l ' une quelconque des revendications précédentes .11. Exhaust line (1) comprising, on the one hand, a catalyst (2), more particularly an oxidation catalyst, on the other hand, a particulate filter (3) and, secondly, a system (6), implanted upstream of this catalyst (2), and designed to introduce a vaporized fuel into the catalyst (2), characterized in that the system (6) for introducing a vaporized fuel into the catalyst (2) is in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.
12. Ligne d'échappement (1) selon la revendication 11 comportant, en amont du catalyseur (2) , un turbocompresseur (5) , caractérisé par le fait que le système (6) pour introduire un carburant vaporisé dans cette ligne d'échappement (1) est implanté à proximité de ce turbocompresseur (5) . 12. Exhaust line (1) according to claim 11 comprising, upstream of the catalyst (2), a turbocharger (5), characterized in that the system (6) for introducing a vaporized fuel into the exhaust line. (1) is located near this turbocharger (5).
PCT/FR2008/051624 2007-09-11 2008-09-11 System for introducing a vaporized fuel inside an exhaust element WO2009044084A1 (en)

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DE112008002466.9T DE112008002466B4 (en) 2007-09-11 2008-09-11 System for introducing a vaporized fuel into the interior of an exhaust element

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0757489 2007-09-11
FR0757489A FR2920822B1 (en) 2007-09-11 2007-09-11 SYSTEM FOR INTRODUCING VAPORIZED FUEL WITHIN AN EXHAUST COMPONENT

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DE (1) DE112008002466B4 (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2948412B1 (en) * 2009-07-21 2013-11-29 Faurecia Sys Echappement EXHAUST LINE WITH A FUEL VAPORIZER MOUNTED ON THE COLLECTOR
DE102016119212A1 (en) * 2016-10-10 2018-04-12 Volkswagen Ag Process for the regeneration of a particle filter and motor vehicle with a particle filter

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GB2295561A (en) * 1994-11-29 1996-06-05 Lucas Ind Plc Device for delivering gaseous hydrocarbon to an engine exhaust
US20050120708A1 (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-06-09 Marco Ranalli Motor vehicle equipped with a diesel propulison engine
WO2006137978A2 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-28 General Motors Global Technology Operations, Inc. Continuous reforming of diesel fuel for nox reduction

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DE10018792C1 (en) * 2000-04-15 2001-09-13 Daimler Chrysler Ag Motor exhaust gas processing system to reduce hazardous emissions, separates hydrocarbon components with low boiling point into vapor fractions to be reformed and reduced and high boiling point components are returned to the fuel tank
EP1961932A1 (en) * 2007-02-21 2008-08-27 Hochschule Rapperswil Method for heating catalytic exhaust gas

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2295561A (en) * 1994-11-29 1996-06-05 Lucas Ind Plc Device for delivering gaseous hydrocarbon to an engine exhaust
US20050120708A1 (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-06-09 Marco Ranalli Motor vehicle equipped with a diesel propulison engine
WO2006137978A2 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-28 General Motors Global Technology Operations, Inc. Continuous reforming of diesel fuel for nox reduction

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FR2920822B1 (en) 2014-02-21
KR20100083143A (en) 2010-07-21
DE112008002466B4 (en) 2015-09-10
FR2920822A1 (en) 2009-03-13
DE112008002466T5 (en) 2010-09-02

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