WO2009036145A1 - Regeneration d'ammoniac et de dioxyde de carbone apres epuration de dioxyde de carbone au moyen de carbonate d'ammonium - Google Patents

Regeneration d'ammoniac et de dioxyde de carbone apres epuration de dioxyde de carbone au moyen de carbonate d'ammonium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009036145A1
WO2009036145A1 PCT/US2008/075983 US2008075983W WO2009036145A1 WO 2009036145 A1 WO2009036145 A1 WO 2009036145A1 US 2008075983 W US2008075983 W US 2008075983W WO 2009036145 A1 WO2009036145 A1 WO 2009036145A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
nahco
scrubbing
release
solution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/075983
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joanna Duncan
Christopher Mclarnon
Original Assignee
Powerspan Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Powerspan Corp. filed Critical Powerspan Corp.
Priority to PCT/US2008/081998 priority Critical patent/WO2009091437A1/fr
Priority to US12/863,250 priority patent/US20110052453A1/en
Publication of WO2009036145A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009036145A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/026—Preparation of ammonia from inorganic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C01D7/10—Preparation of bicarbonates from carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C01D7/12—Preparation of carbonates from bicarbonates or bicarbonate-containing product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and apparatuses for regenerating reactants used to remove carbon dioxide from a gas stream. 2. Description of the Related Art.
  • the invention is a method and apparatus that satisfies the need for a method and apparatus for separating out and regenerating ammonia for reuse in the carbon dioxide removal process and releasing carbon dioxide so that it can be kept out of the atmosphere.
  • the invention comprises the steps of providing a solution containing NH 4 HCO 3 / (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 made by carbon dioxide scrubbing; adding Na 2 CO 3 to precipitate NaHCO 3 and release NH 3 vapor; condensing the NH3 vapor to make reusable for carbon dioxide scrubbing; and decomposing the NaHCO 3 with heat greater than 60 degrees C to release carbon dioxide.
  • Fig. 1 is a process flow chart showing the ammonia regeneration and carbon dioxide release method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic layout of the scrubbing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the invention comprises the steps of providing a solution containing NH 4 HCO 3 / (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 made by carbon dioxide scrubbing; adding Na 2 CO 3 to precipitate NaHCO 3 and release NH 3 vapor; capturing the NH3 vapor to make reusable for carbon dioxide scrubbing; and decomposing the NaHCO 3 with heat greater than 60 degrees C to release carbon dioxide.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the process of the present invention.
  • the ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate solution comes from a carbon dioxide scrubbing process and apparatus with ammonium carbonate 100 that results in a solution of NH 4 HCO 3 / (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 .
  • the solution is transferred to the regeneration system to recover NH 3 and CO 2 .
  • Na 2 CO 3 is added to the NH 4 HCO 3 /(NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 solution used in the scrubbing process 100 to precipitate NaHCO 3 and release NH 3 vapor in the ammonia release step 102.
  • This can be done at elevated temperature to make the NH 3 release more efficient.
  • the NH 3 /H 2 O vapor mixture would need to be cooled or condensed or captured by other means such as absorption or adsorption prior to sending back to the carbon dioxide scrubbing process 100 mentioned above.
  • the NaHCO 3 slurry can then be heated 106 for decomposition.
  • This step may require that the solid NaHCO 3 be separated from the NH 4 HCO 3 /Na 2 CO 3 solution using a filter and rinse to avoid carrying NH 3 /NH 4 + to the decomposition reactor/ CO 2 release tank where it could be released with the CO 2 104.
  • This may also make the decomposition more efficient because one can bring over only the NaHCO 3 and create a very concentrated solution limiting the amount of water that needs to be heated.
  • the decomposition of NaHCO 3 occurs at temperatures >60 0 C and is described by the following reaction: 2NaHCO 3 ⁇ * Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 T (1 )
  • the decomposition process 104 recovers the Na 2 CO 3 required to release the NH 3 and has been done commercially as part of the Solvay process to create Na 2 CO 3 . Again some cooling 108 will be required prior to returning the Na 2 CO 3 to the NH 3 recovery due to the need for the NH 3 recovery and the CO 2 recovery to operate at different temperatures.
  • the temperature values chosen are based on physical property information. This is an improvement over what others have used in the past to recover NaHCO 3 for their dry scrubbing steps. The difference is that there is not necessarily a requirement for a purge step that would remove sodium from the process. Since it is not volatile, it will not be carried out in either of the recovery steps, minimizing the need for sodium makeup.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate solution comes from a carbon dioxide scrubbing process and apparatus 204 with ammonium carbonate that results in a solution of NH 4 HCO 3 / (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 in a tank 222.
  • the solution is transferred to the regeneration system to recover NH 3 and CO 2 .
  • Na 2 CO 3 is added to the NH 4 HCO 3 /(NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 solution 222 used in the scrubbing process to precipitate NaHCO 3 and release NH 3 vapor in the NH 3 release tank 224.
  • This can be done at elevated temperature to make the NH 3 release more efficient.
  • the NH 3 /H 2 O vapor mixture would need to be cooled, condensed, or captured by other means such as absorption or adsorption 232 prior to sending back to the carbon dioxide scrubbing process.
  • the NaHCO 3 slurry can then be heated and sent to a heater 228 for decomposition.
  • This step may require that the solid NaHCO 3 be separated from the NH 4 HCO3/Na2CO3 solution using a filter and rinse to avoid carrying NH 3 /NH 4 + to the decomposition reactor/ CO2 release tank 226 where it could be released with the CO2.
  • This may also make the decomposition more efficient because one can bring over only the NaHCO3 and create a very concentrated solution limiting the amount of water that needs to be heated.
  • the decomposition process recovers the Na2CO3 required to release the NH 3 and has been done commercially as part of the Solvay process to create Na2CO3. Again some cooling with a cooler 230 will be required prior to returning the Na 2 CO 3 to the NH 3 recovery due to the need for the NH 3 recovery and the CO2 recovery to operate at different temperatures.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil servant à régénérer l'ammoniac utilisé dans un processus d'épuration de dioxyde de carbone au moyen de carbonate d'ammonium et à libérer le dioxyde de carbone capturé, par l'intermédiaire d'une solution de NH?4#191HCO?3#191 / (NH?4#191)?2#191CO?3#191 formée par l'épuration du dioxyde de carbone; à ajouter Na?2#191CO?3#191 pour précipiter NaHCO?3#191 et libérer une vapeur de NH?3#191; à condenser la vapeur de NH?3#191 pour qu'elle soit réutilisable dans l'épuration de dioxyde de carbone; et à décomposer le NaHCO?3#191 à une chaleur supérieure à 60°C pour libérer le dioxyde de carbone.
PCT/US2008/075983 2007-09-11 2008-09-11 Regeneration d'ammoniac et de dioxyde de carbone apres epuration de dioxyde de carbone au moyen de carbonate d'ammonium WO2009036145A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2008/081998 WO2009091437A1 (fr) 2008-01-18 2008-10-31 Elimination du dioxyde de carbone d'un courant de gaz de fumée
US12/863,250 US20110052453A1 (en) 2008-01-18 2008-10-31 Removal of carbon dioxide from a flue gas stream

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97132507P 2007-09-11 2007-09-11
US60/971,325 2007-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009036145A1 true WO2009036145A1 (fr) 2009-03-19

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009036145A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101829486A (zh) * 2010-06-08 2010-09-15 叶力平 用于烟气脱硝的碳酸氢铵湿法制氨工艺及系统
US8354261B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-01-15 Codexis, Inc. Highly stable β-class carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US8354262B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-01-15 Codexis, Inc. Chemically modified carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US8420364B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-04-16 Codexis, Inc. Highly stable beta-class carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US20130129612A1 (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Basf Se Process for Ion Exchange on Zeolites
CN103946159A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2014-07-23 巴斯夫欧洲公司 在沸石上离子交换的方法
US9446960B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2016-09-20 Basf Se Process for ion exchange on zeolites

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006108532A1 (fr) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-19 Cesarino Salomoni Capture de co2 et utilisation dans la digestion de matiere organique en vue de la production de methane
US7255842B1 (en) * 2003-09-22 2007-08-14 United States Of America Department Of Energy Multi-component removal in flue gas by aqua ammonia
WO2008134770A1 (fr) * 2007-05-01 2008-11-06 Powerspan Corp. Élimination de dioxyde de carbone de flux de gaz de conduite de cheminée en utilisant des solutions d'ammonium/alcalines mélangés

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7255842B1 (en) * 2003-09-22 2007-08-14 United States Of America Department Of Energy Multi-component removal in flue gas by aqua ammonia
WO2006108532A1 (fr) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-19 Cesarino Salomoni Capture de co2 et utilisation dans la digestion de matiere organique en vue de la production de methane
WO2008134770A1 (fr) * 2007-05-01 2008-11-06 Powerspan Corp. Élimination de dioxyde de carbone de flux de gaz de conduite de cheminée en utilisant des solutions d'ammonium/alcalines mélangés

Non-Patent Citations (4)

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Title
FIGUEROA ET AL: "Advances in CO2 capture technology-The U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Sequestration Program", 20080101, vol. 2, no. 1, January 2008 (2008-01-01), pages 9 - 20, XP022416521 *
HOUPING HUANG, SHIH-GER CHANG, THOMAS DORCHAK: "Method to Regenerate Ammonia for the Capture of Carbon Dioxide", ENERGY & FUELS, vol. 16, 17 May 2002 (2002-05-17), American Chemical Society, pages 904 - 910, XP002511070 *
YANG H ET AL: "Progress in carbon dioxide separation and capture: A review", JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES,, vol. 20, no. 1, January 2008 (2008-01-01), pages 14 - 27, XP022936905, ISSN: 1001-0742, [retrieved on 20080101] *
YEH ET AL: "Semi-batch absorption and regeneration studies for CO2 capture by aqueous ammonia", FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY,, vol. 86, no. 14-15, 1 October 2005 (2005-10-01), pages 1533 - 1546, XP005000683, ISSN: 0378-3820 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101829486A (zh) * 2010-06-08 2010-09-15 叶力平 用于烟气脱硝的碳酸氢铵湿法制氨工艺及系统
US8354261B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-01-15 Codexis, Inc. Highly stable β-class carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US8354262B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-01-15 Codexis, Inc. Chemically modified carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US8420364B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-04-16 Codexis, Inc. Highly stable beta-class carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US8512989B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-08-20 Codexis, Inc. Highly stable beta-class carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US8569031B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-10-29 Codexis, Inc. Chemically modified carbonic anhydrases useful in carbon capture systems
US20130129612A1 (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Basf Se Process for Ion Exchange on Zeolites
CN103946159A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2014-07-23 巴斯夫欧洲公司 在沸石上离子交换的方法
US9446960B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2016-09-20 Basf Se Process for ion exchange on zeolites
CN107021503A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2017-08-08 巴斯夫欧洲公司 在沸石上离子交换的方法

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