WO2009033365A1 - Procédé, système et appareil pour une transmission spatiale montante d'un système tdd - Google Patents

Procédé, système et appareil pour une transmission spatiale montante d'un système tdd Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009033365A1
WO2009033365A1 PCT/CN2008/001587 CN2008001587W WO2009033365A1 WO 2009033365 A1 WO2009033365 A1 WO 2009033365A1 CN 2008001587 W CN2008001587 W CN 2008001587W WO 2009033365 A1 WO2009033365 A1 WO 2009033365A1
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Prior art keywords
uplink
spatial
channel
state information
channel state
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PCT/CN2008/001587
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Qunying Wu
Shaohui Sun
Shiqiang Suo
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. filed Critical Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd.
Priority to KR1020107007306A priority Critical patent/KR101098881B1/ko
Priority to US12/677,718 priority patent/US8295213B2/en
Publication of WO2009033365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009033365A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to an uplink spatial transmission technology of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system, and more particularly to an uplink spatial transmission method of a time division duplex (TDD) MIMO system and a terminal and a base station implementing the same .
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the configuration of MIMO applied in a wireless network mainly increases the system capacity for transmitting multiple data streams in the downlink. Therefore, most terminals are configured with multiple antennas, and actually multiple receiving channels are used to complete downlink MIMO, and only one transmitting channel is used.
  • uplink data transmission also has multiple transmission channels, but the traditional transmission method uses open-loop technology, such as various transmit diversity methods, antenna selection or spatial multiplexing techniques, and does not perform spatial channel state. The measurement of the information, therefore, cannot achieve the maximum channel capacity.
  • the so-called spatial multiplexing means that multiple antennas are used at the receiving end and the transmitting end to make full use of multipath components in spatial propagation, and multiple data channels such as MIMO subchannels are used to transmit signals on the same frequency band, so that the capacity varies with the number of antennas. Increases linearly.
  • the uplink transmission process of the existing spatial multiplexing technology is: when using the spatial multiplexing technology for uplink transmission, the terminal first converts the signals to be transmitted through serial-to-parallel conversion, converts into several parallel signal streams, and uses each in the same frequency band. The antennas are transmitted simultaneously. Due to multipath propagation, each transmit antenna generates a different spatial signal for the base station, and the base station uses different signals to distinguish each data stream.
  • the uplink data transmission of the MIMO system is generally performed by the terminal directly mapping the data stream to a single antenna and transmitting it to the base station.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an uplink space transmission method, system and device based on the time division duplex system, which can optimize the uplink by measuring the channel state information of the uplink space so that the uplink transmission can reach the maximum channel capacity. Space transfer.
  • a method for uplink space transmission based on a time division duplex system includes: A. A terminal receives a common reference symbol sent by a base station, and measures according to the common reference symbol. And downlink channel state information, and estimating uplink channel state information according to the measured downlink spatial channel state information; B. the terminal, according to the estimated uplink spatial channel state information, selecting an uplink space pre-determination that maximizes a channel capacity of the system Encoding matrix; C. The terminal performs spatial precoding using the selected spatial precoding matrix, and sends the spatial precoded data stream to the base station through an antenna.
  • the method further includes: D. the base station demodulates the received data stream, and measures uplink spatial channel state information according to reference symbols used for uplink spatial channel measurement in the data stream; E. The base station calculates a channel quality indicator for each radio bearer according to the measured uplink spatial channel state information, and performs uplink resource allocation according to the calculated channel quality indicator.
  • the uplink spatial pre-coding matrix in which the terminal obtains the estimated uplink spatial channel state information to maximize the channel capacity of the system is specifically: the terminal uses the maximum channel capacity criterion/maximum signal interference-to-noise ratio criterion according to the criterion.
  • the estimated uplink spatial channel state information selects the uplink spatial precoding matrix.
  • the data stream includes: spatial precoded data symbols and reference symbols for demodulating data symbols, and reference symbols for spatial channel measurement that are not spatially precoded.
  • the estimating the uplink spatial channel state information according to the measured downlink spatial channel state information is specifically: according to channel symmetry and measurement of the time division duplex system
  • the downlink spatial channel state information is used to estimate the uplink spatial channel state information.
  • the present invention further provides a terminal for implementing uplink space transmission, comprising a signal receiving module, a channel management module, a spatial precoding module and a signal sending module, wherein the signal receiving module is configured to receive a common reference symbol sent by the base station, And transmitting the common reference symbol to the channel management module, where the channel management module is configured to measure downlink spatial channel state information according to the common reference symbol received by the signal receiving module, and according to the downlink spatial channel
  • the state information is used to estimate the uplink spatial channel state information, and then the uplink spatial channel state information is transmitted to the spatial precoding module; the spatial precoding module is configured to use the estimated spatial channel state information according to the channel management module. Selecting an uplink spatial precoding matrix, performing spatial precoding, and transmitting the data stream to the signal sending module; the signal sending module, configured to send the data stream sent by the spatial precoding module to the Base station.
  • the data stream includes: spatial precoded data symbols and reference symbols for demodulating data symbols, and reference symbols for spatial channel measurement that are not spatially precoded.
  • the spatial precoding module estimates the uplink spatial channel state information according to channel symmetry of the time division duplex system and the measured downlink spatial channel state information.
  • the present invention also provides a base station for implementing uplink space transmission, comprising a signal receiving module, a channel management module, and a data stream demodulation module, wherein the signal receiving module is configured to receive a data stream sent by the terminal, and The data stream is sent to the channel management module and the data stream demodulation module respectively; the channel management module is configured to perform uplink space according to reference symbols used for uplink channel measurement in the data stream received by the signal receiving module. And measuring, by the channel state information, a channel quality indicator for each radio bearer; the data stream demodulation module, configured to perform coherent demodulation on the spatially precoded data symbols in the data stream received by the signal receiving module To restore the original data stream.
  • the base station further includes: a resource allocation module, configured to perform uplink resource allocation according to the channel quality indicator calculated by the channel management module.
  • the data stream includes: a spatial precoded data symbol and Reference symbols for demodulating data symbols, and reference symbols for spatial channel measurements that are not spatially precoded.
  • the present invention further provides a system for implementing uplink space transmission, the system comprising a base station and at least one terminal served by the base station, the base station, configured to send a common reference symbol to the terminal, and receive the a spatial pre-coded data stream; the terminal, configured to receive, by using the common reference symbol sent by the base station, downlink channel state information, and estimate an uplink spatial channel state according to the measured downlink spatial channel state information Information, and selecting an uplink spatial precoding matrix that maximizes a channel capacity of the system according to the estimated uplink spatial channel state information, performing spatial precoding using the selected spatial precoding matrix, and spatially precoding the data A stream is sent to the base station.
  • the base station is further configured to demodulate the received data stream, and measure uplink spatial channel state information according to reference symbols used for uplink spatial channel measurement in the data flow; and according to the uplink spatial channel state.
  • the information calculates a channel quality indicator for each radio bearer and uplink resource allocation based on the calculated channel quality indicator.
  • the uplink spatial transmission method based on the time division duplex system and the terminal and the base station provided by the present invention, the terminal measures the downlink spatial channel state information according to the received common reference symbol from the base station, according to
  • the characteristics of the channel symmetry of the TDD system are used to estimate the uplink spatial channel state information, and then the terminal selects an uplink spatial precoding matrix according to certain criteria, such as a maximum channel capacity or a maximum signal to interference and noise ratio (SI R ) criterion, and performs uplink space precoding.
  • SI R signal to interference and noise ratio
  • the choice of the matrix maximizes the channel capacity of the MIMO channel, thereby optimizing the uplink space transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an uplink space transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an uplink space transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an uplink space transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal estimates the channel state information of the downlink space, and uses the channel symmetry of the TDD system to enable the terminal to obtain the uplink spatial channel state information according to the downlink spatial channel state information; then the terminal selects the uplink spatial precoding according to certain criteria.
  • the matrix performs spatial precoding using the selected uplink spatial precoding matrix; the base station performs coherent demodulation on the received data stream, and performs uplink spatial channel estimation by using the received reference symbols for channel measurement.
  • the MIMO system model is established, and the channel capacity value of the system when using the above spatial multiplexing technique, and the channel capacity value of the system when measuring the spatial channel state information are calculated, and the system channel capacity values are compared.
  • the so-called MIMO is to map multiple data streams to each transmitting antenna, and the receiving end demaps the data arriving at the n r receiving antennas to output a plurality of data streams, and the mapping relationship is represented by ⁇ and ⁇ - 1 .
  • the mapping relationships 2 and ⁇ - 1 of the 2 x 2 MIMO system are given below.
  • the system model is:
  • is the eigenvalue of the random channel H.
  • the number of transmitting antennas is M
  • the number of receiving antennas is N
  • the dimension of the transmitted symbol vector X is ⁇ 1
  • the dimension of the received symbol vector y is ⁇ 1
  • H is a spatial channel matrix
  • the dimension is NxM
  • w is the received noise vector
  • the dimension is ⁇ 1.
  • U is a unitary matrix with dimension NxN
  • V is a unitary matrix with dimension ⁇
  • ⁇ matrix is composed of singular values of matrix ,, hypothesis Is the eigenvalue of the matrix ,
  • the MIMO channel can be transformed into " min parallel transmission channels" by singular value decomposition (SVD), and each subchannel has a different received signal to noise ratio (SNR). If each channel transmitted in parallel is a Gaussian channel, then the capacity of the MIMO channel is:
  • the closed-loop condition of spatial channel state information measurement is compared with the open-loop condition without spatial channel state information measurement: the degree of freedom is also min( «), compared to when no spatial channel state information is measured.
  • the power of the system When measuring the spatial channel state information, the system has a power gain of ", /min ( , ). Therefore, when the transmitting antenna n is larger than the receiving antenna, the power gain is the power gain because: when the spatial channel state information is measured, the system power is transmitted in all directions without performing spatial channel state information. When measuring, the power is only transmitted in the direction of a non-zero eigenvalue of C"', which is only a subspace. Therefore, any open-loop technology that does not measure the spatial channel state information cannot obtain the maximum system channel capacity, just Sub-optimal, not optimal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting uplink space based on TDD according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • both a terminal and a base station use multiple antennas for transmitting and receiving.
  • the specific process of the method includes The following steps:
  • Step 101 The base station periodically transmits un-pre-coded downlink common reference vectors orthogonal to each other on multiple antennas.
  • Step 102 The terminal measures downlink spatial channel state information, and estimates uplink spatial channel state information according to the measured downlink spatial channel state information.
  • the terminal performs downlink channel state information H DL measurement by a minimum mean square (LS) estimation algorithm or the like according to the received common reference symbol.
  • LS minimum mean square
  • H UL « H UL H DL
  • Step 103 The terminal uses the estimated uplink spatial channel state information H UL to select a spatial precoding matrix according to a certain criterion, so that the channel capacity of the system is maximized.
  • the certain criterion is generally a maximum channel capacity criterion or a maximum signal to interference and noise ratio criterion, wherein the two criteria are arbitrarily selectable.
  • the expression of the received signal from the upstream receiver is:
  • n is noise.
  • the uplink spatial channel state information H UL is known by the terminal in step 102, and the spatial precoding matrix F can be selected according to a certain criterion, such as according to the maximum channel capacity or the maximum signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) criterion, so that the channel capacity of the MIMO channel is maximized, that is, The transmit power is constant, and the mutual information I between the input and output is maximum:
  • SINR signal to interference and noise ratio
  • Tr(E[SS*]) p.
  • p Q is the total transmit power.
  • V b is a matrix of 1) ( 1 ) ⁇ ) maximum eigenvectors of the eigenvector matrix V of the channel H UL .
  • Step 104 The terminal performs spatial precoding by using the selected spatial precoding matrix F, and sends the spatial precoded data symbols to the base station through the antenna, and also transmits the uplink channel measurement without spatial precoding through the antenna. Reference symbol.
  • the spatial precoding means mapping a plurality of parallel data streams S onto n t transmit antennas (b ⁇ n t ).
  • each data symbol in the data stream S and the reference symbols required to demodulate the data symbols are spatially precoded.
  • the data stream transmitted from the antenna includes: the spatially precoded data symbols and reference symbols used to demodulate the data symbols, and reference symbols for the uplink channel measurements that are not subjected to the spatial precoding.
  • Step 105 After receiving the spatially precoded reference symbols required by the terminal antenna for demodulating the data stream S, the base station estimates the equivalent channel state information H eff by using the reference symbols, and performs coherent demodulation to recover. b original data streams.
  • the demodulation described herein may employ various existing algorithms such as Minimum Mean Square Error (LMSE) or Data Stream Serial Interference Cancellation (SIC).
  • LMSE Minimum Mean Square Error
  • SIC Data Stream Serial Interference Cancellation
  • Step 106 The base station performs uplink spatial channel state information H u 4 ⁇ measurement according to the received reference symbols for uplink channel measurement that are not spatially precoded.
  • Step 107 The base station calculates an uplink spatial precoding matrix for each radio bearer (RB) according to the H UL
  • the spatial transmission matrix at the transmitting end uses the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the channel matrix H UL to calculate the uplink spatial precoding matrix F for each RB.
  • SVD singular value decomposition
  • steps 101-105 are used to complete uplink space transmission of data from the terminal to the base station; in steps 106-108, the base station obtains channel state information measurement and a series of calculations in the uplink space. Up to the CQI of each RB, and better allocation of uplink resources according to the CQI of each RB, the allocated uplink resources are used for the next uplink space transmission; steps 101-108 are combined to form a complete uplink space transmission process. .
  • the present invention further provides a system for implementing uplink space transmission, the system comprising a base station and at least one terminal served by the base station, where the base station is configured to send a common reference symbol to the terminal, and receive the a spatial pre-coded data stream sent by the terminal; the terminal is configured to receive the common reference symbol sent by the base station, perform downlink spatial channel state information measurement, and estimate an uplink space according to the measured downlink spatial channel state information.
  • Channel state information and selecting an uplink spatial precoding matrix that maximizes a channel capacity of the system according to the estimated uplink spatial channel state information, performing spatial precoding using the selected spatial precoding matrix, and precoding the space
  • the data stream is sent to the base station.
  • the foregoing base station is further configured to: demodulate the received data stream; measure uplink spatial channel state information according to the reference symbol measured by the uplink spatial channel; and calculate a channel for each radio bearer according to the uplink spatial channel state information. A quality indicator, and uplink resource allocation based on the calculated channel quality indicator.
  • the terminal includes: a signal receiving module 210, a channel management module 220, a spatial precoding module 230, and a signal sending module 240, where
  • the signal receiving module 210 is configured to receive a common reference symbol sent by the base station, and send the received common reference symbol to the channel management module 220.
  • the channel management module 220 is configured to measure downlink spatial channel state information according to the common reference symbol received by the channel receiving module 210, and estimate uplink spatial channel state information.
  • the channel management module 220 sends the estimated uplink spatial channel state information to the spatial precoding. Module 230.
  • the spatial precoding module 230 is configured to select an uplink spatial precoding matrix according to the uplink spatial channel state information estimated by the channel management module 220, perform spatial precoding, and send the data stream to the signal sending module 240.
  • the spatial precoding module 230 can be based on the channel symmetry of the time division duplex system. And measuring the downlink spatial channel state information to estimate the uplink spatial channel state information.
  • the data stream includes: spatially precoded data symbols and reference symbols used to demodulate data symbols, and reference symbols not used for spatial precoding for uplink channel measurements.
  • the signal sending module 240 is configured to send the data stream sent by the spatial precoding module 230 to the base station via the antenna.
  • the base station includes: a signal receiving module 310, a channel management module 320, a data stream demodulation module 330, and a resource allocation module 340, where
  • the signal receiving module 310 is configured to receive the data stream sent by the terminal, and send the data stream to the channel management module 320 and the data stream demodulation module 330.
  • the data stream includes: spatially precoded data symbols and reference symbols used to demodulate data symbols, and reference symbols not used for spatial precoding for uplink channel measurements.
  • the channel management module 320 is configured to perform uplink spatial channel state information measurement by using spatial pre-coded reference symbols for uplink channel measurement in the data stream, and calculate an uplink spatial precoding matrix and uplink for each radio bearer.
  • the equivalent channel state information and the channel quality indicator are transmitted to the resource allocation module 340.
  • the data stream demodulation module 330 is configured to perform coherent demodulation on the spatially precoded data symbols in the data stream received by the signal receiving module 310 to recover the original data stream.
  • the resource allocation module 340 is configured to allocate an uplink resource according to the channel quality indicator calculated by the channel management module 320.
  • the uplink spatial transmission method based on the time division duplex system and the terminal and the base station provided by the present invention, the terminal measures the downlink spatial channel state information according to the received common reference symbols from the base station, and then estimates the uplink space according to the characteristics of the channel symmetry of the TDD system.
  • Channel state information after which the terminal selects an uplink spatial precoding matrix according to a certain criterion, such as a maximum channel capacity or a maximum signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) criterion, and selects a channel capacity of the MIMO channel by selecting an uplink spatial precoding matrix. Maximum, thus optimizing the uplink space transmission.
  • a certain criterion such as a maximum channel capacity or a maximum signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) criterion

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Description

基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法、 系统和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术领域, 特别涉及多输入多输出 (MIMO ) 系统的 上行空间传输技术, 更特别地涉及时分双工(TDD ) MIMO系统的上行空间传 输方法及实现所述方法的终端和基站。 背景技术
目前, 无线网络中应用 MIMO的配置, 主要是为下行发射多个数据流增加 系统容量, 因此大多数终端配置多个天线, 实际是多个接收通道以完成下行 MIMO, 而发射通道仅有一个。 随着技术的发展和需求, 上行数据传输也具备 多个发射通道, 但是传统的传输方法采用开环的技术, 如各种发射分集方法、 天线选择或空间复用技术, 并不进行空间信道状态信息的测量, 因此不能达到 最大的信道容量。
所谓空间复用, 就是在接收端和发射端使用多副天线, 充分利用空间传播 中的多径分量, 在同一频带上使用多个数据通道如 MIMO子信道发射信号, 从 而使得容量随着天线数量的增加而线性增加。 现有空间复用技术的上行传输过 程是: 使用空间复用技术进行上行传输时, 终端先将需要传送的信号经过串并 转换,转换成几个平行的信号流,并且在同一频带上使用各自的天线同时传送。 由于多径传播, 每一副发射天线针对基站会产生一个不同的空间信号, 基站利 用信号不同来区分各个数据流。
上述传输过程中, 虽然是采用多天线技术, 但只是理论上的方法。 而在实 际应用中, MIMO系统的上行数据传输一般由终端直接将数据流映射到单个天 线上, 向基站发送。
现有技术的缺点是: 无论现有技术采用多天线的上行空间传输方法还是采 用单天线的上行空间传输方法, 均没有有效利用空间信道状态信息, 因此并不 能使系统达到最大的信道容量。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种基于时分双工系统的上行空间 传输方法、 系统及其装置, 通过对上行空间信道状态信息的测量使上行传输能 够达到最大信道容量, 从而优化上行空间传输。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的: 一种基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法, 该方法包括: A、 终端接收 基站发送的公共参考符号,根据所述公共参考符号测量下行空间信道状态信息, 并根据测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间信道状态信息; B、 所 述终端根据所述估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择使系统的信道容量最大的上 行空间预编码矩阵; C、 所述终端采用所选择的所述空间预编码矩阵进行空间 预编码, 并将空间预编码后的数据流通过天线发送给所述基站。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在步骤 C之后进一步包括: D、 所述基站解调 收到的数据流, 根据所述数据流中用于上行空间信道测量的参考符号测量上行 空间信道状态信息; E, 所述基站根据测量的上行空间信道状态信息为每个无 线承载计算信道质量指示符, 根据计算的信道质量指示符进行上行资源分配。
在上述实施例中, 所述终端才 居估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择使系统 的信道容量最大的上行空间预编码矩阵具体为: 所述终端利用最大信道容量准 则 /最大信号干扰噪声比准则根据所述估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择所述 上行空间预编码矩阵。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和 用于解调数据符号的参考符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的 参考符号。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述根据测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估 计上行空间信道状态信息具体为: 根据时分双工系统的信道对称性及测量的所 述下行空间信道状态信息估计所述上行空间信道状态信息。
本发明还提出一种实现上行空间传输的终端, 包括信号接收模块、 信道管 理模块、 空间预编码模块和信号发送模块, 其中, 所述信号接收模块, 用于接 收由基站发送的公共参考符号, 并将所述公共参考符号发送给所述信道管理模 块; 所述信道管理模块, 用于根据所述信号接收模块所接收到的公共参考符号 测量下行空间信道状态信息, 并根据所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间 信道状态信息,之后将所述上行空间信道状态信息传送给所述空间预编码模块; 所述空间预编码模块, 用于根据所述信道管理模块所估计的上行空间信道状态 信息选择上行空间预编码矩阵, 进行空间预编码, 并将数据流发送至所述信号 发送模块; 所述信号发送模块, 用于将所述空间预编码模块发送来的数据流经 过天线发送给所述基站。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和 用于解调数据符号的参考符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的 参考符号。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述空间预编码模块根据时分双工系统的信道 对称性及测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计所述上行空间信道状态信息。
本发明还提出一种实现上行空间传输的基站, 包括信号接收模块、 信道管 理模块和数据流解调模块, 其中, 所述信号接收模块, 用于接收由终端发送的 数据流,并将所述数据流分别发送给所述信道管理模块和所述数据流解调模块; 所述信道管理模块, 用于根据所述信号接收模块所接收的数据流中用于上行信 道测量的参考符号进行上行空间信道状态信息的测量, 为每个无线承载计算信 道质量指示符; 所述数据流解调模块, 用于对所述信号接受模块接收到的数据 流中空间预编码后的数据符号进行相干解调以恢复原始的数据流。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述基站进一步包括: 资源分配模块, 用于根 据所述信道管理模块所计算出的信道质量指示符进行上行资源的分配。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和 用于解调数据符号的参考符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的 参考符号。
本发明还提出一种实现上行空间传输的系统, 该系统包括基站和所述基站 服务的至少一个终端, 所述基站, 用于向所述终端发送公共参考符号, 并接收 所述终端发送的经过空间预编码后的数据流; 所述终端, 用于接收到的所述基 站发送的公共参考符号进行下行空间信道状态信息的测量, 并根据测量的所述 下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间信道状态信息, 以及根据所述估计的上行 空间信道状态信息选择使系统的信道容量最大的上行空间预编码矩阵, 采用所 选择的所述空间预编码矩阵进行空间预编码, 并将空间预编码后的数据流发送 给所述基站。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述基站还用于解调收到的数据流, 根据所述 数据流中用于上行空间信道测量的参考符号测量上行空间信道状态信息; 并根 据上行空间信道状态信息为每个无线承载计算信道质量指示符, 以及根据计算 的信道质量指示符进行上行资源分配。
本发明所提供的基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法以及终端和基站, 终端根据接收到的来自基站的公共参考符号测量下行空间信道状态信息, 根据
TDD系统信道对称性的特征, 估计上行空间信道状态信息, 之后终端根据一定 的准则, 如最大信道容量或最大信号干扰噪声比(SI R )准则, 选择上行空间 预编码矩阵, 通过上行空间预编码矩阵的选择, 使得 MIMO信道的信道容量最 大, 从而优化了上行空间传输。 附图说明
图 1为本发明一个实施例的上行空间传输方法的流程示意图;
图 2为基于本发明一个实施例的上行空间传输方法的终端结构示意图; 图 3为基于本发明一个实施例的上行空间传输方法的基站结构示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明的主要思想是: 终端对下行空间信道状态信息进行估计, 利用 TDD 系统信道对称性, 使得终端能够根据下行空间信道状态信息得到上行空间信道 状态信息; 之后终端根据一定准则选择上行空间预编码矩阵, 利用所选择的上 行空间预编码矩阵进行空间预编码; 基站对接收到的数据流进行相干解调, 并 通过接收到的用于信道测量的参考符号进行上行空间信道的估计。
为证明本发明上述提出的进行空间信道状态信息测量能够使系统达到最大 的信道容量, 本发明将通过以下具体流程进行进一步地说明:
首先建立 MIMO系统模型,再计算出使用上述空间复用技术时系统的信道 容量值, 以及进行空间信道状态信息测量时系统的信道容量值, 并进行系统信 道容量值的比较。
其中, 所谓 MIMO是将多个数据流映射到达 个发射天线上,接收端将到 达 nr个接收天线上的数据解映射输出多个数据流, 映射关系用 Π和 Π—1表示。 下面给出 2 x 2MIMO系统的映射关系 Π和 Π—1 , 系统模型为:
Y = HS + n
其中, Y和 S是 2 x 1维的, H是 2 x 2维的, n是 2 x 1雄接收高斯白噪声, 其方 差矩阵为 σ„2Ι。 由此, 不进行空间信道状态信息测量时, ΜΙΜΟ信道容量为:
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中, /?«:= ^{0:(¾为发射信号的相关矩阵<
Figure imgf000007_0002
空间复用是开环技术, 不进行系统信道状态信息的测量,此时^ cc = 表示每个天线上等功率发射独立的数据流。 信道容量为
f ( p ,、
C = E logdet
Figure imgf000007_0003
乂 其中, Λ是随机信道 H的特征值。
当采用闭环技术进行空间信道状态信息的测量时:
假设发送天线数目为 M, 接收天线数目为 N, 如果发送符号向量 X的维数 为 Μχ1, 接收到的符号向量 y的维数为 Νχ1, 那么发送符号向量 X和接收符号 向量 y之间的关系可以表示为:
y = Hx + w
其中, H为空间信道矩阵,维数为 NxM, w为接收到的噪声向量, 维数为 Νχ1。
已知信道矩阵 Η, 对进行奇异值分解, 可以得到:
H=UAVH
其中, U是维数为 NxN的酉矩阵; V是维数为 ΜχΜ的酉矩阵; Λ矩阵由矩阵 Η 的奇异值构成, 假设
Figure imgf000008_0001
是矩阵 Η 的特征值, 其中
"min =min(M,N), 那么 0 0 0
0 λ, 0 0
Λ = (Ν<Μ)
0 0 - " 0 0
0 · ·. 0
0 - ·. 0
Λ = 0 0 · (Ν>Μ)
0 0 · ·· 0
0 0 · '· 0 如果定义:
x:=VHx
y:=UHy
w:=UHw
那么, y=Hx+w将变为: y=Ax+w
即:
y. ^ A^ + w, = l,2,- - -«min
可见, 通过奇异值分解(SVD )可以把 MIMO信道转变为《min个并行传输 信道, 每个子信道有不同的接收信噪比(SNR )。 如果每一个并行传输的信道是 高斯信道的话, 那么, MIMO信道的容量为:
Figure imgf000009_0001
其中, 是每个子信道的功率分配值。 对于独立衰落的瑞利 (Rayleigh ) 信道, 信道是足够随机的, 信道满秩的概率为 1 , 在高的 SNR下各个特征值有 相等的功率/5' : /5/!^!!^, ), 信道容量为:
Figure imgf000009_0002
在高信噪比下, 将进行空间信道状态信息测量的闭环情况与没有进行空间 信道状态信息测量的开环情况比较: 自由度同样为 min(« ),相比没有进行空 间信道状态信息测量时系统的功率, 对空间信道状态信息进行测量时, 系统有 功率增益《, /min ( , )。 因此, 当发射天线 n,大于接收天线 时, 所述功率增 益为 功率增益的原因是: 当对空间信道状态信息进行测量时, 系统功率 是在 的各个方向发射的,而不对空间信道状态信息进行测量时,功率仅仅在 C"'的 个非零的特征值方向发射, 其只是 的 个子空间。 故此, 任何不进 行空间信道状态信息测量的开环技术, 不能得到最大的系统信道容量, 仅仅是 次优的, 不是最优的。
从上述论证可以看出, 通过测量空间信道状态信息能够得到最大的系统信 道容量。 以下本发明将以优选实施例的方式对本发明进行详细的描述。
图 1为本发明一个实施例提出的一种基于 TDD的上行空间传输方法, 该 实施例中终端和基站均使用多天线收发。 如图 1所示, 该方法的具体流程包括 以下步骤:
步骤 101 : 基站在多根天线上周期发送彼此正交的未预编码的下行公共参 考付 。
步骤 102: 终端测量下行空间信道状态信息, 并根据测量到的下行空间信 道状态信息估计上行空间信道状态信息。
这里, 终端根据收到的公共参考符号, 通过最小均方(LS )估计算法等方 法进行下行空间信道状态信息 HDL的测量。 当上行链路和下行链路的时间间隔 ΔΤ很短, 其移动台移动速度不是很高, 即满足时间间隔 ΔΤ小于信道的相干时 间。 由于 TDD 系统上行、 下行信道是对称的, 所以, 可得到上行空间信道状 态信息的估计值为:
HUL « HUL=HDL
步骤 103: 终端利用估计的上行空间信道状态信息 HUL, 根据一定准则进 行空间预编码矩阵的选择, 使得系统的信道容量最大。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 所述一定准则一般为最大信道容量准则或最大 信号干扰噪声比准则, 其中这两种准则可任意选用。
通常, 上行接收机接收信号的表达式为:
X=HULFS+n
其中, n为噪声。 由步骤 102终端已知上行空间信道状态信息 HUL , 根据一 定准则可以选择空间预编码矩阵 F, 如根据最大信道容量或最大信号干扰噪声 比(SINR )准则, 使得 MIMO信道的信道容量最大, 即发射功率一定, 输入 输出之间的互信息 I最大:
C=maxI(X,S)
P(s)
Tr(E[SS*])=p。 其中, pQ为总的发射功率。
互信息 I最大时空间预编码矩阵 F的解为:
F-Vb 其中, Vb为信道 HUL的特征矢量矩阵 V的 1) ( 1)≤ )个最大特征矢量构成 的矩阵。
步骤 104: 终端利用所选择的空间预编码矩阵 F进行空间预编码, 并将经 过空间预编码的数据符号通过天线发送到基站, 同时, 还经过天线发送未进行 空间预编码的用于上行信道测量的参考符号。
这里, 所述空间预编码是指: 将多个并行的数据流 S映射到 nt个发射天线 上(b≤nt )。 在进行空间预编码时, 数据流 S中的每个数据符号以及解调所述数 据符号所需的参考符号都要进行空间预编码。 因此, 从天线上发送的数据流包 括: 所述空间预编码后的数据符号和用于解调数据符号的参考符号, 以及用于 上行信道测量的未进行所述空间预编码的参考符号。
步骤 105:基站接收到终端天线发射来的经过空间预编码的、解调数据流 S 所需的参考符号后, 通过所述参考符号估计出等效信道状态信息 Heff, 进行相 干解调以恢复 b个原始的数据流。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 在此所述的解调可以采用各种已有的算法, 如 最小均方误差 (LMSE )或数据流串行干扰消除(SIC )等方法。
步骤 106: 基站根据接收到的未进行空间预编码的用于上行信道测量的参 考符号, 进行上行空间信道状态信息 Hu4々测量。
这里, 如何进行测量属于已有技术, 在此不再赘述。
步骤 107: 基站根据 HUL为每个无线承载(RB )计算上行空间预编码矩阵
F。
发送端的空间传输矩阵采用信道矩阵 HUL的奇异值分解(SVD ), 为 每个 RB计算上行空间预编码矩阵 F。
步骤 108: 基站根据等效信道状态信息 Heff=HULF, 计算每个 RB的 CQI, 然后根据每个 RB的 CQI进行上行资源的分配。
以上步骤中, 步骤 101 ~ 105用于完成数据从终端到基站的上行空间传输; 步骤 106 ~ 108中,基站通过上行空间信道状态信息的测量及一系列的计算,得 到每个 RB的 CQI, 并根据每个 RB的 CQI更好的进行上行资源的分配, 所分 配的上行资源用于下一次上行空间传输;步骤 101 ~ 108结合起来共同构成完整 的上行空间传输过程。
为实现本发明所述方法, 本发明还提出一种实现上行空间传输的系统, 该 系统包括基站和所述基站服务的至少一个终端, 基站用于向所述终端发送公共 参考符号, 并接收所述终端发送的经过空间预编码后的数据流; 终端用于接收 到的所述基站发送的公共参考符号进行下行空间信道状态信息的测量, 并根据 测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间信道状态信息, 以及根据所述 估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择使系统的信道容量最大的上行空间预编码矩 阵, 采用所选择的所述空间预编码矩阵进行空间预编码, 并将空间预编码后的 数据流发送给所述基站。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 上述基站还用于解调收到的数据流; 根据上行 空间信道测量的参考符号测量上行空间信道状态信息; 并根据上行空间信道状 态信息为每个无线承载计算信道质量指示符, 以及根据计算的信道质量指示符 进行上行资源分配。
其中, 如图 2所示, 为基于本发明上行空间传输方法的终端结构示意图, 该终端包括: 信号接收模块 210、信道管理模块 220、 空间预编码模块 230和信 号发送模块 240, 其中,
信号接收模块 210, 用于接收由基站发送的公共参考符号, 并将所接收到 的公共参考符号送到信道管理模块 220。
信道管理模块 220, 用于根据信道接收模块 210所接收的公共参考符号测 量下行空间信道状态信息, 并估计上行空间信道状态信息; 信道管理模块 220 将估计的上行空间信道状态信息发送到空间预编码模块 230。
空间预编码模块 230, 用于根据信道管理模块 220所估计的上行空间信道 状态信息选择上行空间预编码矩阵, 进行空间预编码, 并将数据流发送至信号 发送模块 240。 其中, 空间预编码模块 230可根据时分双工系统的信道对称性 及测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计所述上行空间信道状态信息。
其中, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和用于解调数据符号的 参考符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的参考符号。
信号发送模块 240, 用于将空间预编码模块 230发送来的数据流经过天线 发送给基站。如图 3所示,为基于本发明上行空间传输方法的基站结构示意图, 该基站包括: 信号接收模块 310、信道管理模块 320、数据流解调模块 330和资 源分配模块 340, 其中,
信号接收模块 310, 用于接收由终端发送的数据流, 并将所述数据流发送 给信道管理模块 320和数据流解调模块 330。
其中, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和用于解调数据符号的 参考符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的参考符号。
信道管理模块 320, 用于通过所述数据流中的用于上行信道测量的未进行 空间预编码的参考符号进行上行空间信道状态信息的测量, 为每个无线承载计 算上行空间预编码矩阵、 上行的等效信道状态信息以及信道质量指示符, 并将 所计算出的信道质量指示符发送给资源分配模块 340。
数据流解调模块 330, 用于对信号接收模块 310所接收到的数据流中空间 预编码后的数据符号进行相干解调以恢复原始的数据流。
资源分配模块 340, 用于根据信道管理模块 320所计算的信道质量指示符 进行上行资源的分配。
本发明中, 图 2所示的实现基于 TDD系统上行空间传输方法的终端、 以 及图 3所示的基站共同构成实现基于 TDD系统上行空间传输方法的系统。
本发明所提供的基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法以及终端和基站, 终端根据接收到的来自基站的公共参考符号测量下行空间信道状态信息, 再根 据 TDD 系统信道对称性的特征估计上行空间信道状态信息, 之后终端根据一 定的准则, 如最大信道容量或最大信号干扰噪声比(SINR )准则, 选择上行空 间预编码矩阵, 通过上行空间预编码矩阵的选择, 使得 MIMO信道的信道容量 最大, 从而优化了上行空间传输。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保护范 围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法,其特征在于,该方法包括: 终端接收基站发送的公共参考符号, 根据所述公共参考符号测量下行空间 信道状态信息, 并根据测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间信道状 态信息;
所述终端根据所述估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择使系统的信道容量最 大的上行空间预编码矩阵;
所述终端采用所选择的所述空间预编码矩阵进行空间预编码, 并将空间预 编码后的数据流通过天线发送给所述基站。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法,其特征 在于, 所述方法进一步包括:
所述基站解调收到的数据流, 根据所述数据流中用于上行空间信道测量的 参考符号测量上行空间信道状态信息;
所述基站根据测量的上行空间信道状态信息为每个无线承载计算信道质量 指示符, 根据计算的信道质量指示符进行上行资源分配。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法,其 特征在于, 所述终端根据估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择使系统的信道容量 最大的上行空间预编码矩阵具体为:
所述终端利用最大信道容量准则 /最大信号干扰噪声比准则根据所述估计 的上行空间信道状态信息选择所述上行空间预编码矩阵。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法,其特征 在于, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和用于解调数据符号的参考 符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的参考符号。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的基于时分双工系统的上行空间传输方法,其特征 在于, 所述根据测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间信道状态信息 具体为:
根据时分双工系统的信道对称性及测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计 所述上行空间信道状态信息。
6、 一种实现上行空间传输的终端, 其特征在于, 包括信号接收模块、 信道 管理模块、 空间预编码模块和信号发送模块, 其中,
所述信号接收模块, 用于接收由基站发送的公共参考符号, 并将所述公共 参考符号发送给所述信道管理模块;
所述信道管理模块, 用于根据所述信号接收模块所接收到的公共参考符号 测量下行空间信道状态信息, 并根据所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间 信道状态信息,之后将所述上行空间信道状态信息传送给所述空间预编码模块; 所述空间预编码模块, 用于根据所述信道管理模块所估计的上行空间信道 状态信息选择上行空间预编码矩阵, 进行空间预编码, 并将数据流发送至所述 信号发送模块;
所述信号发送模块, 用于将所述空间预编码模块发送来的数据流经过天线 发送给所述基站。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的实现上行空间传输的终端, 其特征在于, 所述数 据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和用于解调数据符号的参考符号, 以及用 于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的参考符号。
8、根据权利要求 6所述的实现上行空间传输的终端, 其特征在于, 所述空 间预编码模块根据时分双工系统的信道对称性及测量的所述下行空间信道状态 信息估计所述上行空间信道状态信息。
9、 一种实现上行空间传输的基站, 其特征在于, 包括信号接收模块、 信道 管理模块和数据流解调模块, 其中,
所述信号接收模块, 用于接收由终端发送的数据流, 并将所述数据流分别 发送给所述信道管理模块和所述数据流解调模块;
所述信道管理模块, 用于根据所述信号接收模块所接收的数据流中用于上 行信道测量的参考符号进行上行空间信道状态信息的测量, 为每个无线承载计 算信道质量指示符;
所述数据流解调模块, 用于对所述信号接受模块接收到的数据流中空间预 编码后的数据符号进行相干解调以恢复原始的数据流。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的实现上行空间传输的基站, 其特征在于, 所述 基站进一步包括:
资源分配模块, 用于根据所述信道管理模块所计算出的信道质量指示符进 行上行资源的分配。
11、 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的实现上行空间传输的基站, 其特征在于, 所述数据流包括: 空间预编码后的数据符号和用于解调数据符号的参考符号, 以及用于上行信道测量的未进行空间预编码的参考符号。
12、 一种实现上行空间传输的系统, 其特征在于, 该系统包括基站和所述 基站服务的至少一个终端,
所述基站, 用于向所述终端发送公共参考符号, 并接收所述终端发送的经 过空间预编码后的数据流;
所述终端, 用于接收到的所述基站发送的公共参考符号进行下行空间信道 状态信息的测量, 并根据测量的所述下行空间信道状态信息估计上行空间信道 状态信息, 以及根据所述估计的上行空间信道状态信息选择使系统的信道容量 最大的上行空间预编码矩阵, 采用所选择的所述空间预编码矩阵进行空间预编 码, 并将空间预编码后的数据流发送给所述基站。
13、根据权利要求 12所述的实现上行空间传输的系统, 其特征在于, 所述 基站还用于解调收到的数据流, 根据上行空间信道测量的参考符号测量上行空 间信道状态信息; 并根据上行空间信道状态信息为每个无线承载计算信道质量 指示符, 以及 居计算的信道质量指示符进行上行资源分配。
PCT/CN2008/001587 2007-09-11 2008-09-05 Procédé, système et appareil pour une transmission spatiale montante d'un système tdd WO2009033365A1 (fr)

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