WO2009028518A1 - Method for reduction of oil-containing sludge - Google Patents

Method for reduction of oil-containing sludge Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009028518A1
WO2009028518A1 PCT/JP2008/065224 JP2008065224W WO2009028518A1 WO 2009028518 A1 WO2009028518 A1 WO 2009028518A1 JP 2008065224 W JP2008065224 W JP 2008065224W WO 2009028518 A1 WO2009028518 A1 WO 2009028518A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
sludge
containing sludge
inner cylinder
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2008/065224
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tatsuhiko Minami
Original Assignee
System Kikou Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by System Kikou Co., Ltd. filed Critical System Kikou Co., Ltd.
Priority to JP2009530134A priority Critical patent/JPWO2009028518A1/en
Publication of WO2009028518A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009028518A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/121—Screw constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/18—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing with means for adjusting the outlet for the solid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for reducing oil-containing sludge for separating and reducing oil content and harmful substances from oil-containing sludge such as crude oil sludge and crude oil drilling mat.
  • the axalten content in the crude oil precipitates, and these and the decomposition products produced by the decomposition of microorganisms such as moisture in the crude oil, iron rust mixed in the crude oil, sand, mud, etc.
  • sludge containing oil accumulates at the bottom of the crude oil tank.
  • Such sludge is generally called crude oil sludge.
  • oil-containing sludge that resembles crude oil sludge is generated.
  • Such sludge is generally called a drilling mat.
  • the crude sludge contains a trace amount of harmful substances such as water-soluble mercury.
  • oil-containing sludge is disposed of in the case of crude oil sludge with a large amount of oil.
  • the crude sludge is subjected to intermediate treatment and centrifuged, the oil content is reduced from the crude oil sludge and then incinerated.
  • the crude oil sludge or drilling mat is centrifuged to roughly separate the oil from the crude oil sludge or drilling mat. Oil is removed by incinerating oil-impregnated sludge with reduced oil content, and then the residue with reduced oil content is removed. It has been done by landfill.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge that can reduce the content of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge to an amount that can be disposed by landfill in a single operation. is there. Disclosure of the invention
  • the present inventor (1) brought the oil-containing sludge into contact with steam at 100 to 200 ° C. By squeezing and separating the oily water and residue, the content of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge can be reduced well in a single operation, (2) At that time, slowly take over 1 hour The oil and sludge in the oil-impregnated sludge is more effectively reduced by pressing and pressing. (3) Furthermore, the oil content and oil content in the oil-impregnated sludge can be reduced by contacting the oil-impregnated sludge with water vapor during the compression. The effect of reducing harmful substances is further enhanced As a result, the present invention has been completed.
  • the present invention (1) is characterized in that water-containing steam at 100 to 200 ° C. is brought into contact with the oil-containing sludge, and then the contained sludge is squeezed and separated into oil-water and residue.
  • the present invention provides a method for reducing oil-containing sludge.
  • the present invention (2) provides the method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention (1), wherein the oil-containing sludge is squeezed over 1 hour or more.
  • the present invention (3) is characterized in that the oil-impregnated sludge is contacted with water vapor at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. even during the compression, either of the present invention (1) or (2)
  • the present invention provides a method for reducing sludge.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device, which is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the pressing direction of the compressed piston.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for reducing the weight of compressed piston-type oil-containing sludge.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the compressed piston is pushed.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing positions before and after pressing of the pressing piston in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw-type oil impregnated sludge reducing device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device, which is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the pressing direction of the compressed piston.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw-type oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device cut in a plane parallel to the moving direction, and is perpendicular to the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when cut on a flat surface.
  • 7 is a side view of the screw in the figure.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and FIG. 8 is a squeeze-type oil-impregnated sludge showing a state in which oil-impregnated sludge is processed using a screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reduction device 31.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the weight reduction device 31 of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • the method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention comprises reducing oil-containing sludge by contacting the oil-containing sludge with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C and then pressing the containing sludge to separate it into oil water and residue. Is the method.
  • the oil, harmful substances and moisture in the oil-containing sludge and the supplied water vapor are separated into condensed water and the residue, but the oil, harmful substances and moisture in the oil-containing sludge are separated. , As well as all the water condensed from the supplied water vapor.
  • the oil-impregnated sludge reduction method of the present invention includes a batch type oil-impregnated sludge reduction method (hereinafter also referred to as oil-impregnated sludge reduction method A of the present invention), and a continuous oil-impregnated sludge reduction method. (Hereinafter also referred to as oil-reducing sludge weight-reducing method B of the present invention).
  • FIGS. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reduction device, and Fig. 1 is cut along a plane parallel to the pressing direction of the compressed piston.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the pressing direction of the compressed piston.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positions before and after the pressing piston in FIG. In Fig.
  • the compressed piston type oil-retaining sludge weight reduction device 10 moves up and down the inner cylinder 11 Squeezed piston 18 for squeezing oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 11, the cylindrical inner cylinder 1 1, and the inner cylinder outside the inner cylinder 11
  • An outer cylinder 1 2 installed so that an oil-water discharge gap 1 3 a is formed between the outer cylinder 1 1 and the base 1 7 to which the inner cylinder 1 1 and the outer cylinder 1 2 are fixed;
  • An oil water discharge gap 1 3 b is formed between the inner cylinder 1 1 and the upper flange 19 for closing the upper side of the outer cylinder 1 2 and the base 1 7, so that the inner cylinder 1 1, bottom wall 1 1 1 installed in the lower part, oil pressure sludge reduction device of the compressed piston type 1 0 steam supply port 1 4 for supplying steam into 0, and oil oil discharge gap 1 3 a, 1 3 b
  • Oil and water discharge port 15 for discharging the water outside the device, and an exhaust port 16 for discharging the gas in
  • the outer diameter of the compressed piston 18 may be the same length as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 11 or may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 11.
  • the clearance between the compressed piston 18 and the inner cylinder 11 is usually 3 mm or less, preferably 2 mm or less, Particularly preferred is 1 mm or less.
  • the inner cylinder 11 has a vertical cylindrical shape.
  • the lower cylinder end of the inner cylinder 11 is fixed to the pedestal 17, and the upper cylinder end of the inner cylinder 11 is closed by the upper flange 19.
  • the bottom of the inner cylinder 11 1 is in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11 1 so that an oil-water discharge gap 13 b is formed between the inner cylinder 11 1 and the base 17.
  • Wall 1 1 1 is installed.
  • Oil water discharge gap 1 3 a, 1 3 b A passage hole (not shown) is formed.
  • the cylindrical wall and the bottom wall 1 1 1 of the inner cylinder 1 1 are not particularly limited as long as the oil water passage hole is formed, and the cylindrical wall and the bottom wall 1 of the inner cylinder 1 1 are not limited.
  • 1 1 includes, for example, wire mesh, sheet metal with punched holes such as punched metal, and screen wire mesh.
  • the diameter of the oil water passage hole formed in the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 11 and the bottom wall 11 1 1 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the residue in the oil-containing sludge to be treated. 0.76 to: 1.96 6 mm, preferably 1.4 to 0: 1.74 mm, particularly preferably 1.53 to 1.63 mm.
  • the diameter of the oil water passage hole indicates the length of the mesh opening, and the inner cylinder 1 1
  • the diameter of the oil water passage hole is the diameter of the punched hole.
  • the outer cylinder 12 has a vertical cylindrical shape.
  • the lower cylinder end of the outer cylinder 12 is fixed to the pedestal 17, and the upper cylinder end of the outer cylinder 12 is closed by the upper flange 19.
  • the width of the oil-water discharge gap 1 3 a formed by the inner cylinder 1 1 and the outer cylinder 1 2, in other words, the distance between the outer side of the inner cylinder 1 1 and the inner side of the outer cylinder 1 2 is: By squeezing the oil-containing sludge, the oil separated from the oil-containing sludge, harmful substances and water, and the water condensed from the supplied water vapor, that is, the oil water is discharged and can flow to the oil water outlet 15 There is no particular restriction. Further, the width of the oil / water discharge gap 1 3 b formed by the bottom wall 1 1 1 and the pedestal 1 7, in other words, between the lower side of the bottom wall 1 1 1 and the upper side of the pedestal 17.
  • the distance is determined by squeezing the oil-impregnated sludge so that the oil, toxic substances and moisture separated from the oil-impregnated sludge and the water condensed from the supplied water vapor, that is, the oil water is discharged to the oil water discharge port 15.
  • the shapes of the inner cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 12 are in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge.
  • the shape of the inner cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 12 is shown in which the cross-sectional shape when cut by a vertical surface is a circle and the shape of the compression surface of the compression piston 18 is a circle.
  • the shape of the compressed face of the compressed piston is not limited to this, and the shapes of the inner cylinder 11 and the compressed piston 18 are the same as those of the compressed piston 1 8 in the inner cylinder 11. If the oil-impregnated sludge can be squeezed by being pushed downward, the outer cylinder 12 is not particularly limited, and the shape of the outer cylinder 12 can be installed on the inner side and oil and water are discharged. Any oil-water discharge gap for flowing into the oil-water discharge port 15 may be used.
  • the water vapor supply port 14 is a water vapor supply port for supplying water vapor to the oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 11.
  • the installation position of the steam supply port 14 is the bottom of the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10, but is not limited to this.
  • the compressed piston type It can also be installed on the side of the oil-retaining sludge reduction device 10, that is, on the outer cylinder 12.
  • the installation position of the water vapor supply port 14 in the pushing direction of the compressed piston 18 is not particularly limited, and the outer cylinder Considering the installation at the lowest position of 1 2 and the movement range of the compressed piston 18, for example, below the position 2 2 (FIG.
  • the exhaust port 16 is The water vapor supply port 14 is installed on the upper side as appropriate. Further, the number of the water vapor supply ports 14 is not particularly limited, and may be 1 or 2 or more. And the installation position of this water vapor supply port 14 is that of the compression piston type.
  • the bottom of the oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device 10 is preferable because the contact efficiency between the oil-impregnated sludge and water vapor is increased.
  • the oil water discharge port 15 is a discharge port for discharging the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap 13 to the outside of the apparatus.
  • the oil water outlet 15 is located at the bottom of the compressed piston type oil-containing sludge reducing device 10, but is not limited to this.
  • the compressed piston type It can also be installed below the side surface of the oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10, that is, below the outer cylinder 12.
  • the oil water discharge port 15 is installed at the bottom of the compression piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 in terms of easy discharge of the oil water.
  • the number of installed oil / water outlets 15 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected.
  • the exhaust port 16 is a gas discharge port for discharging a gas such as water vapor in the apparatus to the outside of the apparatus.
  • the installation position of the exhaust port 16 and the number of the exhaust ports 16 in the pressing direction of the compressed piston are not particularly limited and are appropriately selected.
  • the oil / water outlet 15 and the outlet 16 are normally open. Further, a strainer for separating fine residues mixed in the oil water may be installed at the oil water discharge port 15.
  • the compressed piston type oil-retaining sludge reducing device 10 is provided with a load loading means (not shown) for pushing the compressed piston 18 downward.
  • the sludge reduction device can be a horizontal device.
  • the compressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 is used for the present invention.
  • the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 are removed, and the oil-impregnated sludge is introduced into the inner cylinder 11, and then the compressed screw Ton 18 and the upper flange 19 are attached.
  • steam at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. is supplied from the steam supply port 14, and the oil-impregnated sludge is brought into contact with the steam.
  • the oil-containing sludge is squeezed by pushing the compressed piston 18 from the position 21 before pressing to the position 2 2 after pressing.
  • the object to be squeezed in the inner cylinder 11 is separated into the oily water and the residue, and the oily water is discharged into the oily water discharge gaps 13a and 13b. .
  • the pressing is stopped, the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 are removed, and the residue is removed from the inner cylinder 11.
  • the oil-containing sludge is brought into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C., and then the oil-containing sludge is compressed, and the oil water and the oil-containing sludge are compressed.
  • This is a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge that is separated into residues.
  • the oil-containing sludge is heated by water vapor supplied into the compressed oil-type sludge reducing device 10 of the compressed biston type.
  • the temperature of the water vapor to be supplied is from 100 to 200 ° C, preferably from 100 ° to I 80 ° C, particularly preferably from 110 ° to I50 ° C, and more preferably. It is 1 1 0 to 1 20 ° C.
  • the temperature in the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing apparatus 10 is a steady-state temperature of 10 to 200 ° C., preferably 10 to 180 to 80 ° C., particularly Preferably from 1 10 to: I 50 ° C, more preferably from 1 10 to 120 ° C.
  • the oil content in the oil-impregnated sludge is reduced when the temperature in the compressed piston-type oil-impregnated sludge is within the above range.
  • the amount of water and harmful substances can be reduced well.
  • the temperature in the compressed piston type oil-retaining sludge reducing device 10 is set such that a thermocouple or the like is installed in the oil water discharge gap 13 a at a position not directly in contact with the supplied steam. It is obtained by measuring the temperature of the oil water discharge gap 1 3 a.
  • the pressing pressure for pressing the oil-containing sludge is appropriately selected according to the type of oil-containing sludge.
  • the pressing time of the oil-impregnated sludge during the pressing is preferably 1 hour or more, particularly preferably Is 1 to 3 hours, more preferably 2 to 3 hours.
  • the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge in the pressing is within the above range, the effect of reducing the amount of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge is enhanced. That is, in the method A for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is squeezed slowly over a period of time by setting the compression time of the oil-containing sludge within the above range. The effect of reducing oil and harmful substances can be increased. In addition, even if this pressing time is too long, the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but the improvement of the effect of the present invention reaches its peak, and the processing efficiency deteriorates.
  • one or more partition plates can be installed in the inner cylinder 11 during compression. That is, the oil-impregnated sludge is divided into two or three or more in the inner cylinder 11 by the cutting plate. And by installing this partition plate, since pressure can be uniformly applied to the oil-impregnated sludge during pressing, the compression efficiency is increased.
  • the partition plate is preferably provided with a vent for water vapor to pass through.
  • the oil-containing sludge is compressed after bringing the oil-containing sludge into contact with water vapor before pressing.
  • the squeezing can be performed while bringing the steam into contact with the oil-containing sludge.
  • the effect of reducing the amount of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge is increased by bringing the water vapor into contact with the oil-containing sludge even during the compression of the oil-containing sludge. can do.
  • the oil-containing sludge comes into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C. before pressing, so that the oil-containing sludge becomes hot and the water content in the oil-containing sludge is reduced. Since the amount increases, the solid content and the liquid content in the oil-containing sludge are easily separated by the heating effect. Therefore, in the method A for reducing oil-containing sludge according to the present invention, the oil content and harmful substances of the oil-containing sludge can be effectively reduced.
  • the oil-impregnated sludge reduction method B of the present invention includes, for example, the following screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducer, that is,
  • a screw shaft having a steam supply hole, and a screw comprising a screw blade spirally provided on the outer periphery of at least a part of the screw shaft;
  • An inner cylinder having an oil-water passage hole and surrounding the screw
  • An outer cylinder that is installed outside the inner cylinder and that forms an oil-water discharge gap between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder;
  • An oil-containing sludge supply port for supplying oil-containing sludge into the inner cylinder, an outer cylinder-side water vapor supply port for supplying water vapor into the outer cylinder,
  • a stopper that is installed in the vicinity of the cylinder end of the inner cylinder on the residue discharge side, and that forms a residue discharge gap with the cylinder end of the inner cylinder on the residue discharge side;
  • An oil water discharge port for discharging the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap to the outside of the device;
  • a strainer attached to the oil / water outlet;
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are schematic cross-sectional views of the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device
  • FIG. 4 is a view when the oil-containing sludge is cut along a plane parallel to the moving direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of the screw in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of FIG. In FIGS.
  • the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31 includes a screw 3 4, an inner cylinder 3 5 surrounding the screw 3 4, and an outer side of the inner cylinder 3 5.
  • An outer cylinder 3 6 installed in such a manner that an oil / water discharge gap 52 is formed between the inner cylinder 35 and the cylinder end 48 on the residue discharge side of the inner cylinder 35
  • a stopper 37 installed on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side flange 38 installed on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36, the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 3 6
  • Residue discharge side flange 3 9 installed so as to form a residue discharge chamber 4 4 on the residue discharge side, and an oil-containing sludge supply port for supplying oil-containing sludge into the inner cylinder 3 5 40, an outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 for supplying water vapor into the outer cylinder 36, and a residue for discharging the residue
  • the screw 3 4 comprises a screw shaft 3 2 and screw blades 3 3.
  • the screw blade 33 is provided in a spiral shape on the outer periphery of at least a part of the screw shaft 32.
  • the screw shaft 3 2 is rotatably fixed to the oil-impregnated sludge supply side flange 3 8 and the residue discharge side flange 39.
  • the screw shaft 32 is a hollow tube, and one end 58 of the screw shaft 32 is open to supply water vapor into the tube of the screw shaft 32.
  • the other end 59 of the shaft 3 2 is sealed.
  • the shaft wall of the screw shaft 32 is formed with a water vapor supply hole 57 for releasing water vapor from the space inside the shaft to the outside of the shaft.
  • the water vapor supply hole 57 is a water vapor supply for supplying water vapor from the screw shaft 32 side to the oil-impregnated sludge in the inner cylinder 35, that is, from the center of the inner cylinder 35 to the outside. It is a hole.
  • the diameter of the water vapor supply hole 57 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the residue in the oil-containing sludge to be treated, but is usually 5 to 12 mm, preferably 8 to 12 mm, particularly preferably 8 ⁇ 10 mm. In FIG. 6, the range 5 4 in which the water vapor supply hole 5 7 is formed is selected as appropriate.
  • the oil-containing sludge supply side is close to the oil-containing sludge supply side flange 3 8, and
  • the residue discharge side is the ratio of the length of the range 5 4 in which the water vapor supply hole 5 7 is formed to the length of the portion 5 3 surrounded by the inner cylinder 35 (reference numeral 54Z code 5 3) 0.5 to 0.8 6 6, preferably 0.6 6 to 0.8 6 6, particularly preferably 0.7 6 to 0.8 6 6.
  • the ratio of the length of the range 5 4 in which the water vapor supply hole 5 7 is formed to the length of the portion 53 surrounded by the inner cylinder 35 (reference numeral 54Z code 5 3) is If the above range is exceeded, the amount of water in the residue tends to increase.
  • the number of the steam supply holes 57 is appropriately selected depending on the type of oil-containing sludge, the scale of the apparatus, and the like.
  • the screw blade 33 is formed in a spiral shape on the outer periphery of the screw shaft 32.
  • the screw 34 rotates, the oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 35 is supplied to the oil-containing sludge.
  • Any shape that can be moved from the side to the residue discharge side is not particularly limited.
  • the diameter 55 of the screw blade 3 3 may be the same length as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 35, or may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 35.
  • the clearance between the screw blade 33 and the inner cylinder 35 is usually 1 mm or less, preferably 0 5 mm or less, particularly preferably 0.1 mm or less.
  • the ratio of the pitch 56 of the squeeze blade 3 3 to the diameter 55 of the squeeze blade 33 (reference numeral 56 Z sign 55) is 0.25 to I.25.
  • the ratio of the pitch 5 6 of the screw blade 3 3 to the diameter 5 5 of the screw blade 3 3 (reference number 5 6 reference number 5 5) is preferably 0.5 to 1.25, particularly preferably 0.7. Five ⁇ :! More preferably, it is 0.9 to 1.
  • the pitch 5 6 of the screw blade 3 3 is the distance between the apexes 5 6 1 a and 5 6 lb of the screw blade in FIG. 6, ie, the screw blade 3 This is the distance between the apexes of adjacent blades when 3 is viewed from the side.
  • the pitch 56 of the screw blades 33 may be the same or different over the entire range of the screw blades 33.
  • the shape of the screw 34 is shown in FIGS. It is not limited to the shape shown in the figure. Other examples include those with a larger screw shaft diameter toward the residue discharge side and those with a smaller pitch toward the residue discharge side. Is mentioned.
  • the inner cylinder 35 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the cylinder end 4 9 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 35 is fixed to the oil-impregnated sludge supply-side flange 3 8, and the cylinder end 4 9 is closed by the oil-impregnated sludge supply-side flange 3 8. Yes.
  • the cylinder end 48 of the inner cylinder 35 on the residue discharge side is fixed to the residue discharge side flange 39, and the opening of the cylinder end 48 is formed in the residue discharge chamber 4 4. It is connected to. That is, the tube end 48 is opened so that the residue is discharged out of the inner tube.
  • oil water separated from the object to be compressed in the inner cylinder 35 is discharged from the inner cylinder 35 into the oil water discharge gap 52. As shown, an oil water passage hole (not shown) is formed.
  • the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 35 is not particularly limited as long as the oil water passage hole is formed.
  • Examples of the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 35 include a wire mesh and a punching metal. For example, sheet metal with holes punched out, screen wire mesh, etc.
  • the diameter of the oil water passage hole formed in the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 35 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the residue in the oil-containing sludge to be treated, but usually 0.76 to 1 96 mm, preferably 1.4 0 to 1.74 mm, particularly preferably 1.5 3 to 1.6 3 mm.
  • the diameter of the oil water passage hole indicates the opening length of the wire mesh, and when the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 35 is a punching metal
  • the diameter of the oil water passage hole refers to the diameter of the punched hole.
  • the inner cylinder 35 is installed so as to surround the screw 34.
  • a pressing space 47 for pressing the oil-containing sludge is formed between the inner wall of the inner cylinder 35 and the screw blade 34.
  • the outer cylinder 36 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the cylinder end 50 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the outer cylinder 36 is fixed to the oil-impregnated sludge supply-side flange 38, and the cylinder end 50 is closed by the oil-containing sludge supply-side flange 3 8. Yes.
  • the cylinder end 51 of the outer cylinder 36 on the residue discharge side is fixed to the residue discharge side flange 39, and the oil water discharge gap 52 and the residue discharge chamber 44 Is isolated by the residue discharge side flange 39. That is, the oil water discharge gap 52 is closed by the residue discharge side flange 39 so that the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap 52 does not flow into the residue discharge chamber 44. It is peeling off.
  • the width of the oil-water discharge gap 52 formed by the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36 is By squeezing the sludge, oil separated from the object to be compressed in the inner cylinder 35, harmful substances and moisture, and moisture condensed by the supplied water vapor, that is, the oil water is discharged and the oil water discharge port There is no particular limitation as long as it can flow to 4 3.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the outer cylinder 36 has a circular cross section when cut in a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge.
  • the shape of the outer cylinder 36 is not limited to this, and the inner cylinder 35 can be installed on the inner side, and the oil water discharge gap for allowing the oil water to be discharged and flow to the oil water discharge port 4 3 is provided. If it can be formed,
  • the shape of the outer cylinder for example, a cylindrical shape having a flat upper side and a rounded lower side can be cited.
  • the cylindrical wall at the bottom of the outer cylinder 36 may be inclined toward the oil / water outlet 43.
  • the stopper 37 is fixed to the story shaft 32, and the inner cylinder It is installed near the cylinder end 48 on the 3-5 residue discharge side. Stopper
  • 3 7 has a function of adjusting the compressibility of the oil-containing sludge by adjusting the discharge amount of the residue when the residue is discharged from the cylinder end 48 to the residue discharge chamber 44. Fulfill. Specifically, the size of the residue discharge gap 45 formed between the stopper 37 and the tube end 48 is adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the stopper 37. Thus, the discharge amount of the residue can be adjusted. The compression rate of the oil-containing sludge can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the discharge amount of the residue to the supply amount of the oil-containing sludge.
  • the installation position of the stopper 37, or the discharge gap 45 of the residue formed by the stopper 37 and the cylinder end 48 is the type of oil-containing sludge, oil content of oil-containing sludge, treatment Appropriately selected according to conditions.
  • the screw shaft is passed through and is slidably attached to the screw shaft via a bearing or the like.
  • examples include a stopper provided with a pressure adjusting member that applies pressure by hydraulic pressure or air pressure.
  • the back surface of the stopper is the side opposite to the side that forms the discharge gap with the inner cylinder.
  • the pressure adjustment is performed by the pressure adjusting member, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge gap and the pressure of the squeezing, and the discharge amount of the residue and the compression rate.
  • processing conditions can be selected. Also, processing conditions can be selected according to the type and physical properties of the workpiece.
  • the oil-containing sludge supply port 40 is a supply port for supplying oil-containing sludge into the inner cylinder 35.
  • the installation position of the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 in the oil-impregnated sludge moving direction 6 4 is as follows.
  • the ratio of the length 63 from the cylinder end 49 of the oil-impregnated sludge supply side to the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 is in the above range, so that the oil content of the oil-impregnated sludge is reduced.
  • the length 61 of the inner cylinder 35 is the distance from the cylinder end 49 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder to the cylinder end 48 on the residue discharge side of the inner cylinder.
  • the position of the oil-containing sludge supply port 40 refers to the center position of the oil-containing sludge supply port 40.
  • the installation position of the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36 is usually the uppermost position as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, It is not limited to this, and is appropriately selected depending on the position of an oil-containing sludge supply pipe (not shown).
  • the outer cylinder-side steam supply port 41 supplies steam to the oil-impregnated sludge in the inner cylinder 35 from the inner cylinder 35 side, that is, from the outside of the inner cylinder 35 toward the center.
  • This is a water vapor supply port.
  • the installation position of the outer cylinder-side water vapor supply port 41 in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge is as follows.
  • Ratio of length 6 2 from 49 to the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 force 0.5 or less, preferably 0.03 to 0.5, particularly preferably 0 14 to 0.3, and more preferably 0.18 to 0.25.
  • the ratio of the length 62 from the cylinder end 49 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 35 to the length 61 of the inner cylinder 35 to the steam supply port 41 on the outer cylinder side is within the above range.
  • the position of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 refers to the center position of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41.
  • the installation position of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 36 is the lowermost in FIGS. 4 and 7, but is not limited thereto. These are appropriately selected depending on the position of a water vapor supply pipe (not shown). Further, the number of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply ports 41 is not particularly limited, and may be 1 or 2 or more.
  • the oil water discharge port 43 is a discharge port for discharging the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap 52 to the outside of the apparatus.
  • the installation position of the oil / water outlets 43 and the number of oil / water outlets 43 in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge are not particularly limited and are appropriately selected. Further, the installation position of the oil / water discharge port 4 3 in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 36 is usually at the lowest position.
  • strainer 4 3 is provided with the strainer 4 3 1 for separating fine residues mixed in the oily water.
  • the exhaust port 46 is a gas exhaust port for exhausting gas such as water vapor in the apparatus to the outside of the apparatus.
  • the installation position of the exhaust port 4 6 and the number of the exhaust ports 4 6 in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge are not particularly limited and are appropriately selected.
  • the oil-containing sludge supply port 40, the residue discharge port 4 2, the oil / water discharge port 4 3 and the exhaust port 4 6 are normally open.
  • the screw type sludge reducing device 31 has a driving means (not shown) for driving the screw 34 to rotate.
  • the screw shaft 3 2 and the inner cylinder 35 may be horizontal, may be inclined toward the supply side of the oil-containing sludge, and the residue It may be inclined to the discharge side of Or it may be vertical.
  • FIG. 8 shows how the screw type sludge reducing device 31 is used to reduce the amount of oil containing sludge according to the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device 31.
  • oil-impregnated sludge 71 By supplying oil-impregnated sludge 71 from the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 to the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31, and rotating the screw 34, the oil-impregnated sludge is reduced. 7 1, the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40, and the compression formed spirally around the screw shaft 32 toward the cylinder end 48 on the residue discharge side of the inner cylinder By moving the space 47 and pushing the oil-containing sludge 71, a high pressure is applied to the oil-containing sludge 71 and the oil-containing sludge 71 is squeezed. While supplying the oil-impregnated sludge, steam 70 0 a at 100 to 200 ° C.
  • the oil-impregnated sludge supplied from the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 is immediately after being supplied to the inner cylinder 35, and the water vapor 70 0 a from the water vapor supply hole 5 7 of the screw shaft 32 And water vapor 70 b from the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41.
  • the oil-containing sludge 71 moves to the compressed product discharge side while being compressed as the screw 34 rotates, and during that time, the steam 70 a from the steam supply port 57 and the outside It is in contact with the steam 70 b from the cylinder-side steam supply port 4 1. That is, the water vapor is brought into contact with the oil-impregnated sludge 41 even during pressing.
  • the oil-containing sludge is brought into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C., and then the oil-containing sludge is compressed, and the oil water and the residue are separated.
  • This is a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge to be separated.
  • the oil-reducing sludge reduction method B of the present invention is a method of continuously treating the oil-containing sludge.
  • the oil-impregnated sludge 71 is heated by steam supplied into the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31, and the temperature of the steam supplied is 100 to 200 ° C. Preferably, it is 100 to 180 ° (:, particularly preferably 110 to 150 ° C, more preferably 110 to 120 ° C.
  • the temperature of the water vapor to be supplied is in the above range.
  • the oil content in the oil-impregnated sludge 71 can be reduced well, and the temperature in the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducer 31 at the time of the compression is as follows: It is 100 to 200 ° C, preferably 100 to 180 ° C, particularly preferably 110 to 150 ° C, more preferably 110 to 120 ° C at a steady state temperature.
  • the temperature in the squeeze-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31 during the pressing is within the above range, the oil-containing sludge 71
  • the screw-type oil-containing sludge weight reducing device 31 during the pressing is controlled by the temperature of the steam supplied from the oil water discharge gap 52.
  • the pressing pressure for pressing the oil-containing sludge is appropriately selected according to the type of oil-containing sludge.
  • the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge 71 at the time of pressing that is, the oil-containing sludge 71 is supplied from the oil-containing sludge supply port 40, and the residue 7 3 is discharged from the residue discharge gap 45.
  • the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge 71 at the time of pressing is within the above range, the effect of reducing the oil content and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge 71 is enhanced.
  • the oil-containing sludge is squeezed slowly over a period of time by setting the compression time of the oil-containing sludge within the above range.
  • the effect of reducing the amount of oil and harmful substances can be increased.
  • the squeezing time is too long, the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but the improvement of the effect of the present invention reaches its peak, and the processing efficiency deteriorates.
  • the rotational speed of the screw 34 the supply amount of the sludge 71 from the oil containing sludge supply port 40, and the residue
  • the discharge amount of the residue 73 from the discharge gap 45 the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge 71 at the time of pressing can be adjusted.
  • the oil-containing sludge is heated to a high temperature and the water content of the oil-containing sludge is increased by bringing the oil-containing sludge 71 into contact with steam 70 immediately after supply of the oil-containing sludge and during pressing. Therefore, the solid content and the liquid content in the oil-containing sludge 71 are easily separated by the heating effect. Therefore, the method B for reducing oil-containing sludge of the present invention can satisfactorily reduce the amount of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge 71.
  • the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31 has the scrub A ratio of the length from the end of the inner cylinder on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side to the outer cylinder-side steam supply port with respect to the length of the inner cylinder is formed in the Liu shaft 32.
  • the screw-type oil-containing sludge reducing device 31 Is suitably used in the method B for reducing oil-containing sludge of the present invention.
  • the oil-impregnated sludge A 1 (crude oil sludge after hot water washing, oil content 6 mgZL) is added to the inner cylinder 11 (inner diameter 600 mm) of the compressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 shown in Fig. 1. . 2 5 kg was charged, and the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 were attached. Next, with the oil / water exhaust outlet 15 and the exhaust outlet 16 opened, 0.0988 IMP a water vapor (100 ° C) was supplied and contacted with water vapor for 1 hour. . The temperature of the oil water discharge gap after contact for 1 hour was 10 ° C.
  • the compressed piston 18 was pushed in at a pressure of 2.94 MPa, and the oil-containing sludge A 1 was pressed for 3 hours.
  • the mass of residue B 1 after pressing was 4.7 kg and the oil content was 1 mg / L.
  • the reduction rate (%) of the oil-containing sludge was 80%.
  • the oil-impregnated sludge A 2 (crude oil after centrifuging) is placed in the inner cylinder 11 (inner diameter: 600 mm) of the compressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 shown in Fig. 1.
  • 0.0988 MPa of steam 100 ° C.
  • the temperature of the oil water discharge gap after contact for 1 hour was 100 ° C.
  • the pressed piston 18 was pushed in at a pressure of 2.94 MPa, and the oil-containing sludge A 2 was pressed for 1 hour.
  • the mass of residue B 2 after pressing was 25.5 kg, the oil content was 4 mg / L, and the mercury content was 0.28 mg / kg.
  • the oil sludge reduction rate (%) at this time was 22%.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is an oil-containing sludge reduction method characterized by contacting an oil-containing sludge with water vapor having a temperature of 100 to 200˚C and expressing the oil-containing sludge to separate the oil-containing sludge into an oil-containing water and a residue. It becomes possible to provide an oil-containing sludge reduction method which can reduce the contents of an oily component and a toxic substance in the oil-containing sludge in a single step to such a level that the resulting material can be landfilled.

Description

明細書 含油スラッジの減量化方法 技術分野  Description Oil-reducing sludge reduction method Technical Field
本発明は、 原油スラッジ、 原油掘削マッ ド等の含油スラッジから、 油 分及び有害物質を分離し、 減量化するための含油スラッジの減量化方法 に関する。 背景技術  The present invention relates to a method for reducing oil-containing sludge for separating and reducing oil content and harmful substances from oil-containing sludge such as crude oil sludge and crude oil drilling mat. Background art
原油をタンク中で貯蔵すると、 原油中のヮックス分ゃアルファルテン 分が析出し、そして、 これらと、原油中の水分、原油に混入した鉄さび、 砂、 泥等、 微生物の分解により生成した分解物とが混ざり合ったものが 汚泥となって沈降するので、 原油タンクの底部には、 油分を含有する汚 泥が堆積する。 このような汚泥は、 一般に、 原油スラッジと呼ばれてい る。 また、 原油を掘削した際にも、 原油スラッジによく似た含油汚泥が 生じる。 このような汚泥は、一般に、掘削マツ ドと呼ばれている。 また、 該原油スラッジゃ該掘削マツ ドには、 水溶性の水銀等の微量の有害物質 が含まれている。  When crude oil is stored in the tank, the axalten content in the crude oil precipitates, and these and the decomposition products produced by the decomposition of microorganisms such as moisture in the crude oil, iron rust mixed in the crude oil, sand, mud, etc. As the sludge is mixed with sludge and settles, sludge containing oil accumulates at the bottom of the crude oil tank. Such sludge is generally called crude oil sludge. In addition, when oil is excavated, oil-containing sludge that resembles crude oil sludge is generated. Such sludge is generally called a drilling mat. The crude sludge contains a trace amount of harmful substances such as water-soluble mercury.
従来、 このような含油スラッジの処分は、 油分が多い原油スラッジの 場合、 原油スラッジを中間処理後遠心分離して、 原油スラッジから概ね の油分を分離した後、 油分量が減少した含油スラッジを焼却することに より、 また、 油分が少ない原油スラッジゃ掘削マッ ドの場合、 原油スラ ッジ又は掘削マツ ドを遠心分離して、 原油スラッジ又は掘削マツ ドから 概ねの油分を分離した後、 油分量が減少した含油スラッジを焼却するこ とにより、 油分を除去し、 次いで、 油分の含有量が減少した残渣物を、 埋立処分することにより行われてきた。 Conventionally, such oil-containing sludge is disposed of in the case of crude oil sludge with a large amount of oil. After the crude sludge is subjected to intermediate treatment and centrifuged, the oil content is reduced from the crude oil sludge and then incinerated. In addition, in the case of crude oil sludge with a low oil content, the crude oil sludge or drilling mat is centrifuged to roughly separate the oil from the crude oil sludge or drilling mat. Oil is removed by incinerating oil-impregnated sludge with reduced oil content, and then the residue with reduced oil content is removed. It has been done by landfill.
環境への負荷という観点から、 残渣物を埋立処分するためには、 残渣 物中の油分及び有害物質の含有量は、 埋立処分に係る判定基準以下でな ければならない。 ところが、 中間処理及び遠心分離だけでは、 残渣物中 の油分及び有害物質の含有量を、 埋立処分に係る判定基準以下にするこ とはできないため、 従来の含油スラッジの処分方法では、 遠心分離の後 に、 含油スラッジの焼却操作が必須であった。  From the viewpoint of environmental impact, in order to dispose of residue in landfills, the content of oil and harmful substances in the residue must be below the criteria for landfill disposal. However, only intermediate treatment and centrifugation cannot reduce the content of oil and hazardous substances in the residue below the criteria for landfill disposal. Later, incineration of oil-containing sludge was essential.
そのため、 従来の含油スラッジの処分方法では、 遠心分離及び焼却、 又は中間処理、 遠心分離及ぴ焼却という 2〜 3段の操作を行うため、 処 理コストが高くなるという問題及び装置スペースが広くなってしまうと いう問題があった。 よって、 1段の操作で、含油スラッジ中の油分量を、 埋立処分可能な量まで減少させることができる方法の開発が望まれてい る。  For this reason, conventional oil-containing sludge disposal methods perform two to three stages of centrifugation and incineration, or intermediate treatment, centrifugation, and incineration, resulting in increased processing costs and equipment space. The problem was that Therefore, it is desired to develop a method that can reduce the amount of oil in the oil-containing sludge to a level that can be disposed in landfills in a single operation.
従って、 本発明の課題は、 1段の操作で、 含油スラッジ中の油分及び 有害物質の含有量を、 埋立処分可能な量まで減少させることができる含 油スラッジの減量化方法を提供することにある。 発明の開示  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge that can reduce the content of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge to an amount that can be disposed by landfill in a single operation. is there. Disclosure of the invention
本発明者は、 上記従来技術における課題を解決すべく、 鋭意研究を重 ねた結果、 （ 1 ) 含油スラッジを 1 0 0〜2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気に接触させ てから、 該含油スラッジを圧搾し、 油水と残渣を分離することにより、 1段の操作で、 含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質の含有量を良好に減 量化できること、 （2 ) その際、 1時間以上かけて、 ゆっく りと圧搾を 行うことにより、 含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質の減量化効果が高 まること、 （3 ) 更に、 圧搾中も含油スラッジに水蒸気を接触させるこ とにより、 含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質の減量化効果が更に高ま ること等を見出し、 本発明を完成させるに至った。 As a result of diligent research to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, the present inventor (1) brought the oil-containing sludge into contact with steam at 100 to 200 ° C. By squeezing and separating the oily water and residue, the content of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge can be reduced well in a single operation, (2) At that time, slowly take over 1 hour The oil and sludge in the oil-impregnated sludge is more effectively reduced by pressing and pressing. (3) Furthermore, the oil content and oil content in the oil-impregnated sludge can be reduced by contacting the oil-impregnated sludge with water vapor during the compression. The effect of reducing harmful substances is further enhanced As a result, the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、 本発明 （1 ) は、 含油スラッジに 1 0 0〜2 0 0 °Cの水蒸 気を接触させてから、 該含有スラッジを圧搾し、 油水と残渣物に分離す ることを特徴とする含油スラッジの減量化方法を提供するものである。 また、 本発明 （2 ) は、 前記含油スラッジの圧搾を、 1時間以上かけ て行うことを特徴とする前記本発明 （ 1 ) の含油スラッジの減量化方法 を提供するものである。  That is, the present invention (1) is characterized in that water-containing steam at 100 to 200 ° C. is brought into contact with the oil-containing sludge, and then the contained sludge is squeezed and separated into oil-water and residue. The present invention provides a method for reducing oil-containing sludge. The present invention (2) provides the method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention (1), wherein the oil-containing sludge is squeezed over 1 hour or more.
また、 本発明 （3 ) は、 圧搾中も含油スラッジに 1 0 0〜2 0 0 °Cの 水蒸気を接触させることを特徴とする前記本発明 （1 ) 又は （2 ) いず れかの含油スラッジの減量化方法を提供するものである。  Further, the present invention (3) is characterized in that the oil-impregnated sludge is contacted with water vapor at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. even during the compression, either of the present invention (1) or (2) The present invention provides a method for reducing sludge.
本発明によれば、 1段の操作で、 含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質 の含有量を、 埋立処分可能な量まで減少させることができる含油スラッ ジの減量化方法を提供することができる。 図面の簡単な説明  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge that can reduce the content of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge to an amount that can be disposed by landfill in a single operation. Brief Description of Drawings
第 1図は、 圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置の模式的な断 面図であり、 圧搾ピス トンの押し込み方向に対して平行な面で切ったと きの断面図であり、 第 2図は、 圧搾ピス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化 装置の模式的な断面図であり、 圧搾ビス トンの押し込み方向に対して垂 直な面で切ったときの断面図であり、 第 3図は、 第 1図中の圧搾ピス ト ンの圧搾前後の位置を示す図であり、 第 4図は、 スク リ ュー型の含油ス ラッジの減量化装置の模式的な断面図であり、 含油スラッジの移動方向 に対して平行な面で切ったときの断面図であり、 第 5図は、 スクリュー 型の含油スラッジの減量化装置の模式的な断面図であり、 含油スラッジ の移動方向に対して垂直な面で切ったときの断面図であり、 第 6図は、 第 4図及び第 5図中のスク リ ューの側面図であり、 第 7図は、 第 4図の 内筒及び外筒を記載した断面図であり、 第 8図は、 スク リ ュー型の含油 スラッジの減量化装置 3 1を用いて含油スラッジを処理している様子を 示す、 スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1の模式的な断面図 である。 発明を実施するための最良の形態 Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device, which is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the pressing direction of the compressed piston. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for reducing the weight of compressed piston-type oil-containing sludge. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the compressed piston is pushed. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing positions before and after pressing of the pressing piston in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw-type oil impregnated sludge reducing device. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw-type oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device cut in a plane parallel to the moving direction, and is perpendicular to the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when cut on a flat surface. 7 is a side view of the screw in the figure. FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and FIG. 8 is a squeeze-type oil-impregnated sludge showing a state in which oil-impregnated sludge is processed using a screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reduction device 31. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the weight reduction device 31 of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法は、 含油スラッジに 1 0 0 〜 2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気を接触させてから、 該含有スラッジを圧搾し、 油水と残渣 物に分離する含油スラッジの減量化方法である。 なお、 本発明では、 該 含油スラッジ中の油分、 有害物質及び水分、 並びに供給した水蒸気が凝 縮した水分と、 該残渣物とに分離されるが、 該含油スラッジ中の油分、 有害物質及び水分、並びに供給した水蒸気が凝縮した水分を全て含めて、 「油水」 とも記載する。  The method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention comprises reducing oil-containing sludge by contacting the oil-containing sludge with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C and then pressing the containing sludge to separate it into oil water and residue. Is the method. In the present invention, the oil, harmful substances and moisture in the oil-containing sludge and the supplied water vapor are separated into condensed water and the residue, but the oil, harmful substances and moisture in the oil-containing sludge are separated. , As well as all the water condensed from the supplied water vapor.
本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法としては、 バッチ式の含油スラッ ジの減量化方法 （以下、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aとも記載 する。 ） と、 連続式の含油スラッジの減量化方法 （以下、 本発明の含油 スラッジの減量化方法 Bとも記載する。 ） とが挙げられる。  The oil-impregnated sludge reduction method of the present invention includes a batch type oil-impregnated sludge reduction method (hereinafter also referred to as oil-impregnated sludge reduction method A of the present invention), and a continuous oil-impregnated sludge reduction method. (Hereinafter also referred to as oil-reducing sludge weight-reducing method B of the present invention).
先ず、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aについて説明する。 本発 明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aは、 例えば、 第 1図〜第 3図に示す圧 搾ピス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置により行われる。 第 1図及び 第 2図は、 該圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置の模式的な断 面図であり、 第 1図は、 圧搾ピス トンの押し込み方向に対して平行な面 で切ったときの断面図であり、 また、 第 2図は、 圧搾ピス トンの押し込 み方向に対して垂直な面で切ったときの断面図である。また、第 3図は、 第 1図中の圧搾ピス トンの圧搾前後の位置を示す図である。 第 1図中、 圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0は、 内筒 1 1内を上下 に移動可能に設置され、 該内筒 1 1内の含油スラッジを圧搾するための 圧搾ビス トン 1 8と、 円筒形状の該内筒 1 1 と、 該内筒 1 1の外側に、 該内筒 1 1 との間に油水の排出隙間 1 3 aが形成されるようにして設置 される外筒 1 2と、該内筒 1 1及び該外筒 1 2が固定される台座 1 7と、 該内筒 1 1及び該外筒 1 2の上側を塞ぐための上部フランジ 1 9と、 該 台座 1 7のとの間に油水の排出隙間 1 3 bが形成されるようにして、 該 内筒 1 1内の下方に設置される底壁 1 1 1 と、 該圧搾ビス トン型の含油 スラッジの減量化装置 1 0内に水蒸気を供給するための水蒸気供給口 1 4と、 該油水の排出隙間 1 3 a、 1 3 bに排出された油水を、 装置外へ 排出するための油水排出口 1 5と、 該外筒 1 2内のガスを、 装置外へ排 出するための排気口 1 6と、 を有する。 ， 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8は、 該内筒 1 1内を押し込むことにより、 該内筒 1 1内の該含油スラッジを圧搾するための部材である。 該圧搾ピス トン 1 8の外径は、該内筒 1 1の内径と同じ長さであってもよく、あるいは、 該内筒 1 1の内径より若干小さくてもよい。 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8の外径 、 該内筒 1 1の内径より小さい場合、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8と該内筒 1 1 との隙間は、 通常、 3 m m以下、 好ましくは 2 m m以下、 特に好まし くは 1 m m以下である。 First, the method A for reducing oil-containing sludge according to the present invention will be described. The oil-impregnated sludge reduction method A of the present invention is performed, for example, by a compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducer shown in FIGS. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reduction device, and Fig. 1 is cut along a plane parallel to the pressing direction of the compressed piston. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the pressing direction of the compressed piston. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positions before and after the pressing piston in FIG. In Fig. 1, the compressed piston type oil-retaining sludge weight reduction device 10 moves up and down the inner cylinder 11 Squeezed piston 18 for squeezing oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 11, the cylindrical inner cylinder 1 1, and the inner cylinder outside the inner cylinder 11 An outer cylinder 1 2 installed so that an oil-water discharge gap 1 3 a is formed between the outer cylinder 1 1 and the base 1 7 to which the inner cylinder 1 1 and the outer cylinder 1 2 are fixed; An oil water discharge gap 1 3 b is formed between the inner cylinder 1 1 and the upper flange 19 for closing the upper side of the outer cylinder 1 2 and the base 1 7, so that the inner cylinder 1 1, bottom wall 1 1 1 installed in the lower part, oil pressure sludge reduction device of the compressed piston type 1 0 steam supply port 1 4 for supplying steam into 0, and oil oil discharge gap 1 3 a, 1 3 b Oil and water discharge port 15 for discharging the water outside the device, and an exhaust port 16 for discharging the gas in the outer cylinder 1 2 to the outside of the device Have The compressed piston 18 is a member for pressing the oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 11 1 by pushing the inside of the inner cylinder 11 1. The outer diameter of the compressed piston 18 may be the same length as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 11 or may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 11. When the outer diameter of the compressed piston 18 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 11, the clearance between the compressed piston 18 and the inner cylinder 11 is usually 3 mm or less, preferably 2 mm or less, Particularly preferred is 1 mm or less.
該内筒 1 1は、縦置きの円筒形状である。該内筒 1 1の下側の筒端は、 該台座 1 7に固定されており、 該内筒 1 1の上側の筒端は、 該上部フラ ンジ 1 9により塞がれている。 そして、 該内筒 1 1内の下方には、 該台 座 1 7のとの間に油水の排出隙間 1 3 bが形成されるように、 該内筒 1 1の内壁に接するように該底壁 1 1 1が設置されている。  The inner cylinder 11 has a vertical cylindrical shape. The lower cylinder end of the inner cylinder 11 is fixed to the pedestal 17, and the upper cylinder end of the inner cylinder 11 is closed by the upper flange 19. The bottom of the inner cylinder 11 1 is in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11 1 so that an oil-water discharge gap 13 b is formed between the inner cylinder 11 1 and the base 17. Wall 1 1 1 is installed.
該内筒 1 1の筒壁及び該底壁 1 1 1には、 含油スラッジを圧搾するこ とにより、 該含油スラッジから分離する油水が、 該内筒 1 1及び該底壁 1 1 1から該油水排出隙間 1 3 a、 1 3 bに排出されるように、 油水の 通過孔 （図示しない。 ） が形成されている。 Oil and water separated from the oil-containing sludge by squeezing the oil-containing sludge to the cylindrical wall and the bottom wall 11 1 of the inner cylinder 11 1 from the inner cylinder 11 and the bottom wall 1 1 1 Oil water discharge gap 1 3 a, 1 3 b A passage hole (not shown) is formed.
該内筒 1 1の筒壁及び該底壁 1 1 1は、 該油水の通過孔が形成されて いるものであれば、 特に制限されず、 該内筒 1 1の筒壁及び該底壁 1 1 1 としては、 例えば、 金網、 パンチングメタルのような孔が打ち抜かれ た板材、 スク リーン用金網等が挙げられる。  The cylindrical wall and the bottom wall 1 1 1 of the inner cylinder 1 1 are not particularly limited as long as the oil water passage hole is formed, and the cylindrical wall and the bottom wall 1 of the inner cylinder 1 1 are not limited. 1 1 includes, for example, wire mesh, sheet metal with punched holes such as punched metal, and screen wire mesh.
該内筒 1 1の筒壁及び該底壁 1 1 1に形成される該油水の通過孔の径 は、 処理される含油スラッジ中の残渣物の大きさにより、 適宜選択され るが、 通常、 0 . 7 6〜： 1 . 9 6 m m、 好ましくは 1 . 4 0〜： 1 . 7 4 m m、 特に好ましくは 1 . 5 3〜 1 . 6 3 m mである。 なお、 該内筒 1 1の筒壁及び該底壁 1 1 1が金網の場合、 該油水の通過孔の径は、 該金 網の目開きの長さを指し、 また、 該内筒 1 1の筒壁がパンチングメタル の場合、 該油水の通過孔の径は、 打ち抜かれた孔の径を指す。  The diameter of the oil water passage hole formed in the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 11 and the bottom wall 11 1 1 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the residue in the oil-containing sludge to be treated. 0.76 to: 1.96 6 mm, preferably 1.4 to 0: 1.74 mm, particularly preferably 1.53 to 1.63 mm. When the cylindrical wall and the bottom wall 11 1 1 of the inner cylinder 11 1 are wire meshes, the diameter of the oil water passage hole indicates the length of the mesh opening, and the inner cylinder 1 1 When the cylindrical wall is punching metal, the diameter of the oil water passage hole is the diameter of the punched hole.
該外筒 1 2は、縦置きの円筒形状である。該外筒 1 2の下側の筒端は、 該台座 1 7に固定されており、 該外筒 1 2の上側の筒端は該上部フラン ジ 1 9により塞がれている。  The outer cylinder 12 has a vertical cylindrical shape. The lower cylinder end of the outer cylinder 12 is fixed to the pedestal 17, and the upper cylinder end of the outer cylinder 12 is closed by the upper flange 19.
該内筒 1 1 と該外筒 1 2とにより形成される該油水の排出隙間 1 3 a の幅、言い換えると、該内筒 1 1の外側と該外筒 1 2の内側との距離は、 含油スラッジを圧搾することにより、該含油スラッジから分離する油分、 有害物質及び水分並びに供給した水蒸気が凝縮した水分、 すなわち、 該 油水が排出されて、 該油水排出口 1 5 へ流動できる程度であれば、 特に 制限されない。 また、 該底壁 1 1 1 と該台座 1 7により形成される該油 水の排出隙間 1 3 bの幅、 言い換えると、 該底壁 1 1 1の下側と該台座 1 7の上側との距離は、 含油スラッジを圧搾することにより、 該含油ス ラッジから分離する油分、 有害物質及び水分並びに供給した水蒸気が凝 縮した水分、 すなわち、 該油水が排出されて、 該油水排出口 1 5 へ流動 できる程度であれば、 特に制限されない。 なお、 第 1図及び第 2図に示す該圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減 量化装置 1 0では、 該内筒 1 1及び該外筒 1 2の形状が、 含油スラッジ の移動方向に対して垂直な面で切ったときの断面形状が円形であり、 該 圧搾ビス トン 1 8の圧搾面の形状が円形であるものを示しているが、 該 内筒 1 1及び該外筒 1 2の形状並びに該圧搾ビス トンの圧搾面の形状は、 これに限定されるものではなく、 該内筒 1 1及び該圧搾ビス トン 1 8の 形状は、 該内筒 1 1内で該圧搾ビス トン 1 8が下方に押し込まれること により、 該含油スラッジを圧搾できるものであれば、 特に制限されず、 また、 該外筒 1 2の形状は、 内側に該内筒 1 1を設置でき且つ油水が排 出されて、 該油水排出口 1 5 へ流動するための油水の排出隙間を形成で きるものであればよい。 The width of the oil-water discharge gap 1 3 a formed by the inner cylinder 1 1 and the outer cylinder 1 2, in other words, the distance between the outer side of the inner cylinder 1 1 and the inner side of the outer cylinder 1 2 is: By squeezing the oil-containing sludge, the oil separated from the oil-containing sludge, harmful substances and water, and the water condensed from the supplied water vapor, that is, the oil water is discharged and can flow to the oil water outlet 15 There is no particular restriction. Further, the width of the oil / water discharge gap 1 3 b formed by the bottom wall 1 1 1 and the pedestal 1 7, in other words, between the lower side of the bottom wall 1 1 1 and the upper side of the pedestal 17. The distance is determined by squeezing the oil-impregnated sludge so that the oil, toxic substances and moisture separated from the oil-impregnated sludge and the water condensed from the supplied water vapor, that is, the oil water is discharged to the oil water discharge port 15. There is no particular limitation as long as it can flow. In the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shapes of the inner cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 12 are in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge. The shape of the inner cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 12 is shown in which the cross-sectional shape when cut by a vertical surface is a circle and the shape of the compression surface of the compression piston 18 is a circle. The shape of the compressed face of the compressed piston is not limited to this, and the shapes of the inner cylinder 11 and the compressed piston 18 are the same as those of the compressed piston 1 8 in the inner cylinder 11. If the oil-impregnated sludge can be squeezed by being pushed downward, the outer cylinder 12 is not particularly limited, and the shape of the outer cylinder 12 can be installed on the inner side and oil and water are discharged. Any oil-water discharge gap for flowing into the oil-water discharge port 15 may be used.
該水蒸気供給口 1 4は、 該内筒 1 1内の含油スラッジに対して水蒸気 を供給するための水蒸気の供給口である。 該水蒸気供給口 1 4の設置位 置は、 第 1図では、 該圧搾ピス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0 の底部であるが、 これに制限されず、 例えば、 該圧搾ピス トン型の含油 スラッジの減量化装置 1 0の側面、 すなわち、 該外筒 1 2に設置するこ ともできる。 該水蒸気供給口 1 4を、 該外筒 1 2に設置する場合、 該圧 搾ピス トン 1 8の押し込み方向における、 該水蒸気供給口 1 4の設置位 置は、 特に制限されず、 該外筒 1 2の最下方に設置することや、 該圧搾 ピス トン 1 8の移動範囲を考慮して、 例えば、 該圧搾ピス トン 1 8の圧 搾後の位置 2 2 (第 3図） よりも下方に設置することや、 該排気口 1 6 の設置位置を考慮して、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8の押し込み方向に対して平 行な面で切った外筒の断面図において、 該排気口 1 6を上方に該水蒸気 供給口 1 4を下方に設置すること等、 適宜選択される。 また、 該水蒸気 供給口 1 4の数は、 特に制限されず、 1であっても、 2以上であっても よい。 そして、 該水蒸気供給口 1 4の設置位置が、 該圧搾ピストン型の 含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0の底部であることが、 含油スラッジと水 蒸気の接触効率が高くなる点で好ましい。 The water vapor supply port 14 is a water vapor supply port for supplying water vapor to the oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 11. In FIG. 1, the installation position of the steam supply port 14 is the bottom of the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10, but is not limited to this. For example, the compressed piston type It can also be installed on the side of the oil-retaining sludge reduction device 10, that is, on the outer cylinder 12. When the water vapor supply port 14 is installed in the outer cylinder 12, the installation position of the water vapor supply port 14 in the pushing direction of the compressed piston 18 is not particularly limited, and the outer cylinder Considering the installation at the lowest position of 1 2 and the movement range of the compressed piston 18, for example, below the position 2 2 (FIG. 3) after the compressed piston 18 is pressed. In consideration of the installation and the installation position of the exhaust port 16, in the cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder cut by a plane parallel to the pushing direction of the compressed piston 18, the exhaust port 16 is The water vapor supply port 14 is installed on the upper side as appropriate. Further, the number of the water vapor supply ports 14 is not particularly limited, and may be 1 or 2 or more. And the installation position of this water vapor supply port 14 is that of the compression piston type. The bottom of the oil-impregnated sludge weight reduction device 10 is preferable because the contact efficiency between the oil-impregnated sludge and water vapor is increased.
該油水排出口 1 5は、 該油水の排出隙間 1 3に排出される油水を、 装 置外へ排出するための排出口である。 該油水排出口 1 5の設置位置は、 第 1図では、 該圧搾ピス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0の底部 であるが、 これに制限されず、 例えば、 該圧搾ピス トン型の含油スラッ ジの減量化装置 1 0の側面の下方、 すなわち、 該外筒 1 2の下方に設置 することもできる。 そして、 該油水排出口 1 5の設置位置が、 該圧搾ピ ス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0の底部であることが、 該油水 を排出し易くなる点で好ましい。 また、 該油水排出口 1 5の設置数は、 特に制限されず、 適宜選択される。  The oil water discharge port 15 is a discharge port for discharging the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap 13 to the outside of the apparatus. In FIG. 1, the oil water outlet 15 is located at the bottom of the compressed piston type oil-containing sludge reducing device 10, but is not limited to this. For example, the compressed piston type It can also be installed below the side surface of the oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10, that is, below the outer cylinder 12. And, it is preferable that the oil water discharge port 15 is installed at the bottom of the compression piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 in terms of easy discharge of the oil water. Further, the number of installed oil / water outlets 15 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected.
該排気口 1 6は、 装置内の水蒸気等のガスを装置外に排出するための ガスの排出口である。 該圧搾ビス トンの押し込み方向における、 該排気 口 1 6の設置位置及び該排気口 1 6の設置数は、 特に制限されず、 適宜 選択される。  The exhaust port 16 is a gas discharge port for discharging a gas such as water vapor in the apparatus to the outside of the apparatus. The installation position of the exhaust port 16 and the number of the exhaust ports 16 in the pressing direction of the compressed piston are not particularly limited and are appropriately selected.
該油水排出口 1 5及び該排気口 1 6は、通常、開放状態である。また、 該油水排出口 1 5には、 該油水に混入した細かい残渣物を分離するため のス トレーナ一が設置されていてもよい。  The oil / water outlet 15 and the outlet 16 are normally open. Further, a strainer for separating fine residues mixed in the oil water may be installed at the oil water discharge port 15.
該圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0には、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8を下方に押し込むための荷重負荷手段 （図示しない。 ） が設置 されている。  The compressed piston type oil-retaining sludge reducing device 10 is provided with a load loading means (not shown) for pushing the compressed piston 18 downward.
なお、 第 1図〜第 3図では、 縦置きの該含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0を示しているが、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aを行うための 該圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置は、 横置きの装置であつ てもよレヽ。  1 to 3 show the vertical oil-retaining sludge reducing device 10, but the compressed biston type oil-retaining method for performing the oil-retaining sludge reducing method A of the present invention is shown. The sludge reduction device can be a horizontal device.
該圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0を用いて、 本発明 の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aを行うためには、 先ず、 該圧搾ピス トン 1 8及び該上部フランジ 1 9を外して、 該内筒 1 1内に該含油スラッジ を投入した後、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8及び該上部フランジ 1 9を取り付け る。 次いで、 該水蒸気供給口 1 4力ゝら、 1 0 0〜2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気を供 給し、 該含油スラッジに水蒸気を接触させる。 次いで、 第 3図に示すよ うに、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8を、 圧搾前の位置 2 1から圧搾後の位置 2 2 まで押し込むことにより、 該含油スラッジの圧搾を行う。 この圧搾によ り、 該内筒 1 1内の被圧搾物は、 該油水と該残渣物とに分離され、 該油 水が該油水の排出隙間 1 3 a、 1 3 bへと排出される。 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8を該圧搾後の位置 2 2まで押し込んだ後は、 圧搾を止め、 該圧搾ピ ス トン 1 8及び該上部フランジ 1 9を外し、 該内筒 1 1内から、 該残渣 物を取り出す。 The compressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 is used for the present invention. In order to perform the method A for reducing the amount of oil-impregnated sludge, first, the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 are removed, and the oil-impregnated sludge is introduced into the inner cylinder 11, and then the compressed screw Ton 18 and the upper flange 19 are attached. Next, steam at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. is supplied from the steam supply port 14, and the oil-impregnated sludge is brought into contact with the steam. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the oil-containing sludge is squeezed by pushing the compressed piston 18 from the position 21 before pressing to the position 2 2 after pressing. By this squeezing, the object to be squeezed in the inner cylinder 11 is separated into the oily water and the residue, and the oily water is discharged into the oily water discharge gaps 13a and 13b. . After pressing the compressed piston 18 to the position 22 after the pressing, the pressing is stopped, the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 are removed, and the residue is removed from the inner cylinder 11. Take out things.
このように、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aは、 該含油スラッ ジに 1 0 0〜 2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気を接触させてから、 該含油スラッジを圧 搾し、 該油水と該残渣物に分離する含油スラッジの減量化方法である。 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aでは、 該含油スラッジは、 該圧 搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0内に供給する水蒸気によ り加熱される。 供給する該水蒸気の温度は、 1 0 0〜 2 0 0 °C、 好まし くは 1 0 0〜： I 8 0 °C、 特に好ましくは 1 1 0〜： I 5 0 °C、 更に好まし くは 1 1 0〜 1 2 0 °Cである。 供給する該水蒸気の温度が上記範囲内に あることにより、 該含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質を、 良好に減量 化することができる。 また、 該圧搾ピス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化 装置 1 0内の温度は、 定常状態の温度で、 1 0 0〜 2 0 0 °C、 好ましく は 1 0 0〜 1 8 0 °C、 特に好ましくは 1 1 0〜： I 5 0 °C、 更に好ましく は 1 1 0〜 1 2 0 °Cある。 該圧搾ピス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装 置 1 0内の温度が上記範囲内にあることにより、 該含油スラッジ中の油 分及び有害物質を、 良好に減量化することができる。 なお、 該圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 1 0内の温度は、 該油水の排出隙間 1 3 aのうち、 供給される水蒸気に直接接触しない位置に熱電対等を設 置して、 該油水の排出隙間 1 3 aの温度を測定して得られる。 Thus, in the method A for reducing oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is brought into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C., and then the oil-containing sludge is compressed, and the oil water and the oil-containing sludge are compressed. This is a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge that is separated into residues. In the method A for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is heated by water vapor supplied into the compressed oil-type sludge reducing device 10 of the compressed biston type. The temperature of the water vapor to be supplied is from 100 to 200 ° C, preferably from 100 ° to I 80 ° C, particularly preferably from 110 ° to I50 ° C, and more preferably. It is 1 1 0 to 1 20 ° C. When the temperature of the water vapor to be supplied is within the above range, the oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge can be favorably reduced. Further, the temperature in the compressed piston type oil-impregnated sludge reducing apparatus 10 is a steady-state temperature of 10 to 200 ° C., preferably 10 to 180 to 80 ° C., particularly Preferably from 1 10 to: I 50 ° C, more preferably from 1 10 to 120 ° C. The oil content in the oil-impregnated sludge is reduced when the temperature in the compressed piston-type oil-impregnated sludge is within the above range. The amount of water and harmful substances can be reduced well. In addition, the temperature in the compressed piston type oil-retaining sludge reducing device 10 is set such that a thermocouple or the like is installed in the oil water discharge gap 13 a at a position not directly in contact with the supplied steam. It is obtained by measuring the temperature of the oil water discharge gap 1 3 a.
該圧搾の際、 該含油スラッジを圧搾する圧搾圧力は、 含油スラッジの 種類により適宜選択される。  In the pressing, the pressing pressure for pressing the oil-containing sludge is appropriately selected according to the type of oil-containing sludge.
該圧搾の際の該含油スラッジの圧搾時間、 すなわち、 該圧搾ピス トン 1 8を、 該圧搾前の位置 2 1から該圧搾後の位置 2 2まで押し込む時間 は、 好ましくは 1時間以上、 特に好ましくは 1〜3時間、 更に好ましく は 2〜 3時間である。 該圧搾の際の該含油スラッジの圧搾時間が上記範 囲内にあることにより、 該含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質を減量化 する効果が高くなる。 つまり、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aで は、 該含油スラッジの圧搾時間を上記範囲内にして、 ゆっく りと時間を かけて該含油スラッジを圧搾することにより、 該含油スラッジ中の油分 及び有害物質を減量化する効果を高くすることができる。 なお、 該圧搾 時間は長過ぎても、 本発明の効果は得られるものの、 本発明の効果の向 上が頭打ちになり、 処理効率が悪くなる。  The pressing time of the oil-impregnated sludge during the pressing, that is, the time for pressing the pressing piston 18 from the position 21 before pressing to the position 22 after pressing is preferably 1 hour or more, particularly preferably Is 1 to 3 hours, more preferably 2 to 3 hours. When the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge in the pressing is within the above range, the effect of reducing the amount of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge is enhanced. That is, in the method A for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is squeezed slowly over a period of time by setting the compression time of the oil-containing sludge within the above range. The effect of reducing oil and harmful substances can be increased. In addition, even if this pressing time is too long, the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but the improvement of the effect of the present invention reaches its peak, and the processing efficiency deteriorates.
本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aでは、 圧搾の際に、 該内筒 1 1 内に、 1又は 2以上の仕切り板を設置することができる。 つまり、 該仕 切り板により、 含油スラッジが、 該内筒 1 1内で 2又は 3以上に区画さ れる。 そして、 該仕切り板を設置することにより、 圧搾の際に、 含油ス ラッジに対し、 均一に圧力をかけることができるので、 圧搾効率が高ま る。 なお、 該仕切り板には、 水蒸気が通過するための通気孔を設けるこ とが好ましレ、。  In the method A for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention, one or more partition plates can be installed in the inner cylinder 11 during compression. That is, the oil-impregnated sludge is divided into two or three or more in the inner cylinder 11 by the cutting plate. And by installing this partition plate, since pressure can be uniformly applied to the oil-impregnated sludge during pressing, the compression efficiency is increased. The partition plate is preferably provided with a vent for water vapor to pass through.
本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aでは、 圧搾前に該含油スラッジ に水蒸気を接触させてから、 該含油スラッジの圧搾を行うが、 該含油ス ラッジの圧搾中も該水蒸気供給口 1 4から水蒸気を供給することにより、 該含油スラッジに水蒸気を接触させながら、圧搾を行なうこともできる。 そして、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aでは、 該含油スラッジの 圧搾中も該含油スラッジに該水蒸気を接触させることにより、 該含油ス ラッジ中の油分及び有害物質を減量化する効果を高くすることができる。 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aでは、 圧搾前に該含油スラッジ が 1 0 0 〜 2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気と接触することより、 該含油スラッジが高 温となり且つ該含油スラッジ中の水分量が増えるので、加温効果により、 該含油スラッジ中の固形分と液体分とが分離し易くなる。 そのため、 本 発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Aでは、 該含油スラッジの油分及び有 害物質を効果的に減量化することができる。 In the method A for reducing the amount of oil-impregnated sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is compressed after bringing the oil-containing sludge into contact with water vapor before pressing. By pressing the steam from the steam supply port 14 during the squeezing of the sludge, the squeezing can be performed while bringing the steam into contact with the oil-containing sludge. And in the method A for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the effect of reducing the amount of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge is increased by bringing the water vapor into contact with the oil-containing sludge even during the compression of the oil-containing sludge. can do. In the method A for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention, the oil-containing sludge comes into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C. before pressing, so that the oil-containing sludge becomes hot and the water content in the oil-containing sludge is reduced. Since the amount increases, the solid content and the liquid content in the oil-containing sludge are easily separated by the heating effect. Therefore, in the method A for reducing oil-containing sludge according to the present invention, the oil content and harmful substances of the oil-containing sludge can be effectively reduced.
次に、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bについて説明する。 本発 明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bは、 例えば、 以下のスク リ ュー型の含 油スラッジの減量化装置、 すなわち、  Next, the method B for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to the present invention will be described. The oil-impregnated sludge reduction method B of the present invention includes, for example, the following screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducer, that is,
水蒸気の供給孔を有するスク リュー軸、 及び該スク リ ュー軸の少なく とも一部の外周に螺旋状に設けられるスクリユー羽根からなるスクリュ 一と、  A screw shaft having a steam supply hole, and a screw comprising a screw blade spirally provided on the outer periphery of at least a part of the screw shaft;
油水の通過孔を有し、 該スク リューを囲む内筒と、  An inner cylinder having an oil-water passage hole and surrounding the screw;
該内筒の外側に設置され、 亥内筒との間に油水の排出隙間を形成する 外筒と、  An outer cylinder that is installed outside the inner cylinder and that forms an oil-water discharge gap between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder;
該内筒内に、 含油スラッジを供給するための含油スラッジ供給口と、 該外筒内に水蒸気を供給するための外筒側水蒸気供給口と、  An oil-containing sludge supply port for supplying oil-containing sludge into the inner cylinder, an outer cylinder-side water vapor supply port for supplying water vapor into the outer cylinder,
該内筒の残渣物排出側の筒端近傍に設置され、 該内筒の残渣物排出側 の筒端との間に残渣物の排出隙間を形成するス トッパーと、  A stopper that is installed in the vicinity of the cylinder end of the inner cylinder on the residue discharge side, and that forms a residue discharge gap with the cylinder end of the inner cylinder on the residue discharge side;
該油水の排出隙間に排出された油水を、 装置外に排出するための油水 排出口と、 該油水排出口に付設されるス トレーナ一と、 An oil water discharge port for discharging the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap to the outside of the device; A strainer attached to the oil / water outlet;
該スクリユーを回転駆動させる駆動手段と、  Drive means for rotationally driving the screw;
を有し、 Have
該内筒の長さに対する該内筒の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端から該外筒 側水蒸気供給口までの長さの比が、 0 . 5以下である含油スラッジの減 量化装置、  A device for reducing the amount of oil-impregnated sludge in which the ratio of the length from the cylinder end on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder to the steam supply port on the outer cylinder on the length of the inner cylinder is 0.5 or less;
を用いて行うことができる。 Can be used.
該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置について、 第 4図〜第 7 図を参照して説明する。 第 4図及び第 5図は、 該スク リュー型の含油ス ラッジの減量化装置の模式的な断面図であり、 第 4図は、 含油スラッジ の移動方向に対して平行な面で切ったときの断面図であり、 第 5図は、 含油スラッジの移動方向に対して垂直な面で切ったときの断面図である。 また、 第 6図は、 第 4図及び第 5図中のスクリューの側面図である。 ま た、 第 7図は、 第 4図の内筒及び外筒を記載した断面図である。 第 4図 及び第 5図中、 スクリュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1は、 スク リュー 3 4と、 該スク リ ュー 3 4を囲む内筒 3 5と、 該内筒 3 5の外側 に、 該内筒 3 5との間に油水の排出隙間 5 2が形成されるようにして設 置される外筒 3 6と、 該内筒 3 5の残渣物排出側の筒端 4 8の近傍に設 置されるス トッパー 3 7と、 該内筒 3 5及び該外筒 3 6の含油スラッジ 供給側に設置される含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8と、 該内筒 3 5及 び該外筒 3 6の残渣物排出側に残渣物排出室 4 4を形成するようにして 設置される残渣物排出側フランジ 3 9と、 該内筒 3 5内に含油スラッジ を供給するための含油スラッジ供給口 4 0と、 該外筒 3 6内に水蒸気を 供給するための外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1 と、 該残渣物排出室 4 4から残 渣物を装置外へ排出するための残渣物排出口 4 2と、 該油水の排出隙間 5 2に排出された油水を、 装置外へ排出するための油水排出口 4 3と、 該油水排出口 4 3に付設されるストレーナ一 4 3 1 と、 該外筒 3 6内の ガスを、 装置外へ排出するための排気口 4 6と、 を有する。 The screw type sludge reducing device will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG. 4 and 5 are schematic cross-sectional views of the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device, and FIG. 4 is a view when the oil-containing sludge is cut along a plane parallel to the moving direction. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge. FIG. 6 is a side view of the screw in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of FIG. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31 includes a screw 3 4, an inner cylinder 3 5 surrounding the screw 3 4, and an outer side of the inner cylinder 3 5. An outer cylinder 3 6 installed in such a manner that an oil / water discharge gap 52 is formed between the inner cylinder 35 and the cylinder end 48 on the residue discharge side of the inner cylinder 35 A stopper 37 installed on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side flange 38 installed on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36, the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 3 6 Residue discharge side flange 3 9 installed so as to form a residue discharge chamber 4 4 on the residue discharge side, and an oil-containing sludge supply port for supplying oil-containing sludge into the inner cylinder 3 5 40, an outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 for supplying water vapor into the outer cylinder 36, and a residue for discharging the residue from the residue discharge chamber 4 4 to the outside of the apparatus An outlet 4 2, the oil water discharged to the discharge gap 5 2 of the oil water, and oil-water outlet 4 3 for discharging to the outside of the apparatus, A strainer 4 3 1 attached to the oil / water discharge port 4 3 and an exhaust port 4 6 for discharging the gas in the outer cylinder 3 6 to the outside of the apparatus.
第 6図に示すように、 該スク リ ュー 3 4は、 スクリュー軸 3 2と、 ス クリユー羽根 3 3と、 からなる。 そして、 該スクリユー羽根 3 3は、 該 スク リ ユー軸 3 2の少なく とも一部の外周に螺旋状に設けられている。 該スクリユー軸 3 2は、 該含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8と該残渣物 排出側フランジ 3 9に、 回転可能に固定される。  As shown in FIG. 6, the screw 3 4 comprises a screw shaft 3 2 and screw blades 3 3. The screw blade 33 is provided in a spiral shape on the outer periphery of at least a part of the screw shaft 32. The screw shaft 3 2 is rotatably fixed to the oil-impregnated sludge supply side flange 3 8 and the residue discharge side flange 39.
該スク リュー軸 3 2は、 中空の管であり、 該スクリユー軸 3 2の一端 5 8は、 該スクリユー軸 3 2の管内に水蒸気を供給するために開口にな つており、 一方、 該スク リ ュー軸 3 2の他端 5 9は、 封止されている。 そして、 該スク リ ュー軸 3 2の軸壁には、 軸内の空間から軸外へ水蒸気 を放出するための、 水蒸気供給孔 5 7が形成されている。 該水蒸気供給 孔 5 7は、該内筒 3 5内の含油スラッジに対しスクリユー軸 3 2側から、 すなわち、 該内筒 3 5の中心から外に向けて水蒸気を供給するための水 蒸気の供給孔である。  The screw shaft 32 is a hollow tube, and one end 58 of the screw shaft 32 is open to supply water vapor into the tube of the screw shaft 32. The other end 59 of the shaft 3 2 is sealed. The shaft wall of the screw shaft 32 is formed with a water vapor supply hole 57 for releasing water vapor from the space inside the shaft to the outside of the shaft. The water vapor supply hole 57 is a water vapor supply for supplying water vapor from the screw shaft 32 side to the oil-impregnated sludge in the inner cylinder 35, that is, from the center of the inner cylinder 35 to the outside. It is a hole.
該水蒸気供給孔 5 7の孔径は、 処理される含油スラッジ中の残渣物の 大きさにより、 適宜選択されるが、 通常、 5〜 1 2 mm、 好ましくは 8 〜 1 2 mm, 特に好ましくは 8〜 1 0 mmである。 第 6図中、 該水蒸気 供給孔 5 7が形成される範囲 5 4は、 適宜選択されるが、 通常、 含油ス ラッジ供給側は、 該含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8の近傍まであり、 また、 通常、 残渣物排出側は、 該内筒 3 5により囲まれている部分 5 3 の長さに対する該水蒸気供給孔 5 7が形成される範囲 5 4の長さの比 (符号 54Z符号 5 3) 、 0. 5〜 0. 8 6 6、 好ましくは 0. 6 6 〜0. 8 6 6、 特に好ましくは 0. 7 6〜0. 8 6 6となる位置までで ある。 該内筒 3 5により囲まれている部分 5 3の長さに対する該水蒸気 供給孔 5 7が形成される範囲 5 4の長さの比（符号 54Z符号 5 3 )が、 上記範囲を超えると、 残渣物中の水分量が多くなり易い。 該水蒸気供給 孔 5 7の数は、 含油スラッジの種類、 装置のスケール等により、 適宜選 択される。 The diameter of the water vapor supply hole 57 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the residue in the oil-containing sludge to be treated, but is usually 5 to 12 mm, preferably 8 to 12 mm, particularly preferably 8 ~ 10 mm. In FIG. 6, the range 5 4 in which the water vapor supply hole 5 7 is formed is selected as appropriate. Normally, the oil-containing sludge supply side is close to the oil-containing sludge supply side flange 3 8, and Usually, the residue discharge side is the ratio of the length of the range 5 4 in which the water vapor supply hole 5 7 is formed to the length of the portion 5 3 surrounded by the inner cylinder 35 (reference numeral 54Z code 5 3) 0.5 to 0.8 6 6, preferably 0.6 6 to 0.8 6 6, particularly preferably 0.7 6 to 0.8 6 6. The ratio of the length of the range 5 4 in which the water vapor supply hole 5 7 is formed to the length of the portion 53 surrounded by the inner cylinder 35 (reference numeral 54Z code 5 3) is If the above range is exceeded, the amount of water in the residue tends to increase. The number of the steam supply holes 57 is appropriately selected depending on the type of oil-containing sludge, the scale of the apparatus, and the like.
該スク リユー羽根 3 3は、 該スク リ ュー軸 3 2の外周に螺旋状に形成 されており、 該スクリュー 3 4が回転することにより、 該内筒 3 5内の 含油スラッジを、 含油スラッジ供給側から残渣物排出側へと移動させる ことができる形状であれば、 特に制限されない。  The screw blade 33 is formed in a spiral shape on the outer periphery of the screw shaft 32. When the screw 34 rotates, the oil-containing sludge in the inner cylinder 35 is supplied to the oil-containing sludge. Any shape that can be moved from the side to the residue discharge side is not particularly limited.
該スクリユー羽根 3 3の径 5 5は、 該内筒 3 5の内径と同じ長さであ つてもよく、 あるいは、 該内筒 3 5の内径より若干小さくてもよレ、。 該 スク リユー羽根 3 3の径 5 5が、 該内筒 3 5の内径より小さい場合、 該 スク リュー羽根 3 3と該内筒 3 5 との隙間は、 通常、 1 mm以下、 好ま しくは 0. 5 mm以下、 特に好ましくは 0. 1 mm以下である。  The diameter 55 of the screw blade 3 3 may be the same length as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 35, or may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 35. When the diameter 55 of the screw blade 3 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 35, the clearance between the screw blade 33 and the inner cylinder 35 is usually 1 mm or less, preferably 0 5 mm or less, particularly preferably 0.1 mm or less.
該スクリユー羽根 3 3の径 5 5に対する該スクリユー羽根 3 3のピッ チ 5 6の比 （符号 5 6Z符号 5 5) は、 0. 2 5〜 ： I . 2 5である。 そ して、 含油スラッジの移動速度を遅く し易くなるので、 言い換えると、 該含油スラッジの圧搾時間を長く し易くなるので、 含油スラッジ中の油 分を減量化する効果が高くなる点で、 該スク リ ユー羽根 3 3の径 5 5に 対する該スクリユー羽根 3 3のピッチ 5 6の比 （符号 5 6 符号 5 5) は、 好ましくは 0. 5〜 1. 2 5、 特に好ましくは 0. 7 5〜：！、 更に 好ましくは 0. 9〜 1である。 なお、 本発明において、 該スク リ ュー羽 根 3 3のピッチ 5 6とは、 第 6図中のスクリユー羽根の頂点 5 6 1 a と 5 6 l b間の距離、 すなわち、 該スク リ ュー羽根 3 3を側面視したとき の、 隣り合う羽根の頂点間の距離を指す。  The ratio of the pitch 56 of the squeeze blade 3 3 to the diameter 55 of the squeeze blade 33 (reference numeral 56 Z sign 55) is 0.25 to I.25. In addition, since it becomes easy to slow down the moving speed of the oil-containing sludge, in other words, it becomes easy to lengthen the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge, so that the effect of reducing the oil content in the oil-containing sludge becomes high. The ratio of the pitch 5 6 of the screw blade 3 3 to the diameter 5 5 of the screw blade 3 3 (reference number 5 6 reference number 5 5) is preferably 0.5 to 1.25, particularly preferably 0.7. Five~:! More preferably, it is 0.9 to 1. In the present invention, the pitch 5 6 of the screw blade 3 3 is the distance between the apexes 5 6 1 a and 5 6 lb of the screw blade in FIG. 6, ie, the screw blade 3 This is the distance between the apexes of adjacent blades when 3 is viewed from the side.
該スクリユー羽根 3 3のピッチ 5 6は、 該スクリユー羽根 3 3の全範 囲に亘つて同じであっても、 異なっていてもよい。  The pitch 56 of the screw blades 33 may be the same or different over the entire range of the screw blades 33.
なお、 本発明において、 該スク リュー 3 4の形状は、 第 4図及び第 6 図に示す形状に限定されるものではなく、 他に例えば、 残渣物排出側に 向かってスクリユー軸の径が大きくなっているものや、 残渣物排出側に 向かってピッチが小さくなっているもの等が挙げられる。 In the present invention, the shape of the screw 34 is shown in FIGS. It is not limited to the shape shown in the figure. Other examples include those with a larger screw shaft diameter toward the residue discharge side and those with a smaller pitch toward the residue discharge side. Is mentioned.
該内筒 3 5は、 円筒形状である。 該内筒 3 5の含油スラッジ供給側の 筒端 4 9は、 該含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8に固定されており、 該 筒端 4 9は該含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8により塞がれている。 一 方、 該内筒 3 5の残渣物排出側の筒端 4 8は、 該残渣物排出側フランジ 3 9に固定されており、 該筒端 4 8の開口は、 該残渣物排出室 4 4に繋 がっている。 つまり、 該筒端 4 8は、 残渣物が該内筒の外へ排出される ように、 開放されている。  The inner cylinder 35 has a cylindrical shape. The cylinder end 4 9 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 35 is fixed to the oil-impregnated sludge supply-side flange 3 8, and the cylinder end 4 9 is closed by the oil-impregnated sludge supply-side flange 3 8. Yes. On the other hand, the cylinder end 48 of the inner cylinder 35 on the residue discharge side is fixed to the residue discharge side flange 39, and the opening of the cylinder end 48 is formed in the residue discharge chamber 4 4. It is connected to. That is, the tube end 48 is opened so that the residue is discharged out of the inner tube.
該内筒 3 5の筒壁には、 含油スラッジを圧搾することにより、 該内筒 3 5内の被圧搾物から分離する油水が、 該内筒 3 5から該油水排出隙間 5 2に排出されるように、 油水の通過孔 （図示しない。 ） が形成されて いる。  By pressing the oil-containing sludge on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 35, oil water separated from the object to be compressed in the inner cylinder 35 is discharged from the inner cylinder 35 into the oil water discharge gap 52. As shown, an oil water passage hole (not shown) is formed.
該内筒 3 5の筒壁は、該油水の通過孔が形成されているものであれば、 特に制限されず、 該内筒 3 5の筒壁としては、 例えば、 金網、 パンチン グメタルのような孔が打ち抜かれた板材、 スク リーン用金網等が挙げら れる。  The cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 35 is not particularly limited as long as the oil water passage hole is formed. Examples of the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 35 include a wire mesh and a punching metal. For example, sheet metal with holes punched out, screen wire mesh, etc.
該内筒 3 5の筒壁に形成される該油水の通過孔の径は、 処理される含 油スラッジ中の残渣物の大きさにより、 適宜選択されるが、 通常、 0 . 7 6 〜 1 . 9 6 m m、 好ましくは 1 . 4 0 〜 1 . 7 4 m m、 特に好まし くは 1 . 5 3 〜 1 . 6 3 m mである。 なお、 該内筒 3 5の筒壁が金網の 場合、 該油水の通過孔の径は、 該金網の目開きの長さを指し、 また、 該 内筒 3 5の筒壁がパンチングメタルの場合、 該油水の通過孔の径は、 打 ち抜かれた孔の径を指す。  The diameter of the oil water passage hole formed in the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder 35 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the residue in the oil-containing sludge to be treated, but usually 0.76 to 1 96 mm, preferably 1.4 0 to 1.74 mm, particularly preferably 1.5 3 to 1.6 3 mm. In addition, when the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 35 is a wire mesh, the diameter of the oil water passage hole indicates the opening length of the wire mesh, and when the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 35 is a punching metal The diameter of the oil water passage hole refers to the diameter of the punched hole.
該内筒 3 5が、 該スクリュー 3 4を囲むようにして設置されることに より、 該内筒 3 5の内壁及び該スクリユ ー羽根 3 4との間に、 含油スラ ッジを圧搾するための圧搾空間 4 7が形成される。 The inner cylinder 35 is installed so as to surround the screw 34. Thus, a pressing space 47 for pressing the oil-containing sludge is formed between the inner wall of the inner cylinder 35 and the screw blade 34.
該外筒 3 6は、 円筒形状である。 該外筒 3 6の含油スラッジ供給側の 筒端 5 0は、 該含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8に固定されており、 該 筒端 5 0は該含油スラッジ供給側フランジ 3 8により塞がれている。 一 方、 該外筒 3 6の残渣物排出側の筒端 5 1は、 該残渣物排出側フランジ 3 9に固定されており、 該油水の排出隙間 5 2と該残渣物排出室 4 4と は、 該残渣物排出側フランジ 3 9により隔離されている。 つまり、 該油 水の排出隙間 5 2に排出された油水が、 該残渣物排出室 4 4に流れ込ま ないように、 該油水の排出隙間 5 2は、 該残渣物排出側フランジ 3 9に より塞がれている。  The outer cylinder 36 has a cylindrical shape. The cylinder end 50 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the outer cylinder 36 is fixed to the oil-impregnated sludge supply-side flange 38, and the cylinder end 50 is closed by the oil-containing sludge supply-side flange 3 8. Yes. On the other hand, the cylinder end 51 of the outer cylinder 36 on the residue discharge side is fixed to the residue discharge side flange 39, and the oil water discharge gap 52 and the residue discharge chamber 44 Is isolated by the residue discharge side flange 39. That is, the oil water discharge gap 52 is closed by the residue discharge side flange 39 so that the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap 52 does not flow into the residue discharge chamber 44. It is peeling off.
該内筒 3 5と該外筒 3 6とにより形成される該油水の排出隙間 5 2の 幅、 言い換えると、 該内筒 3 5の外側と該外筒 3 6の内側との距離は、 含油スラッジを圧搾することにより、 該内筒 3 5内の被圧搾物から分離 する油分、 有害物質及び水分並びに供給した水蒸気が凝縮した水分、 す なわち、 該油水が排出されて、 該油水排出口 4 3 へ流動できる程度であ れば、 特に制限されない。  The width of the oil-water discharge gap 52 formed by the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36, in other words, the distance between the outer side of the inner cylinder 35 and the inner side of the outer cylinder 36 is By squeezing the sludge, oil separated from the object to be compressed in the inner cylinder 35, harmful substances and moisture, and moisture condensed by the supplied water vapor, that is, the oil water is discharged and the oil water discharge port There is no particular limitation as long as it can flow to 4 3.
なお、 第 4図及び第 5図では、 該外筒 3 6の形状が、 含油スラッジの 移動方向に対して垂直な面で切ったときの断面形状が円形であるものを 示しているが、 該外筒 3 6の形状は、 これに限定されるものではなく、 内側に該内筒 3 5を設置でき且つ油水が排出されて、 該油水排出口 4 3 へ流動するための油水の排出隙間を形成できるものであればょレ、。他に、 該外筒の形状としては、 例えば、 上側が平坦で下側に丸み帯びたカマボ コ状のものが挙げられる。 また、 該外筒 3 6の底部の筒壁は、 該油水排 出口 4 3に向かって傾斜していてもよい。  FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the outer cylinder 36 has a circular cross section when cut in a plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge. The shape of the outer cylinder 36 is not limited to this, and the inner cylinder 35 can be installed on the inner side, and the oil water discharge gap for allowing the oil water to be discharged and flow to the oil water discharge port 4 3 is provided. If it can be formed, In addition, as the shape of the outer cylinder, for example, a cylindrical shape having a flat upper side and a rounded lower side can be cited. Further, the cylindrical wall at the bottom of the outer cylinder 36 may be inclined toward the oil / water outlet 43.
該ス トッパー 3 7は、 該スタリユー軸 3 2に固定されており、 該内筒 3 5の残渣物排出側の筒端 4 8の近傍に設置されている。 該ス トッパーThe stopper 37 is fixed to the story shaft 32, and the inner cylinder It is installed near the cylinder end 48 on the 3-5 residue discharge side. Stopper
3 7は、 残渣物が、 該筒端 4 8から該残渣物排出室 4 4 へ排出される際 に、 該残渣物の排出量を調節することにより、 含油スラッジの圧縮率を 調節する機能を果たす。 具体的には、 該ストッパー 3 7の設置位置を調 節することにより、 該ス トッパー 3 7と該筒端 4 8との間に形成される 残渣物の排出隙間 4 5の大きさを調節して、 該残渣物の排出量を調節す ることができる。 そして、 該含油スラッジの供給量に対する該残渣物の 排出量の比を調節することにより、 該含油スラッジの圧縮率を調節する ことができる。 なお、 該ストッパー 3 7の設置位置、 あるいは、 該ス ト ッパー 3 7と該筒端 4 8により形成される該残渣物の排出隙間 4 5は、 含油スラッジの種類、 含油スラッジの含油量、 処理条件等により適宜選 択される。 3 7 has a function of adjusting the compressibility of the oil-containing sludge by adjusting the discharge amount of the residue when the residue is discharged from the cylinder end 48 to the residue discharge chamber 44. Fulfill. Specifically, the size of the residue discharge gap 45 formed between the stopper 37 and the tube end 48 is adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the stopper 37. Thus, the discharge amount of the residue can be adjusted. The compression rate of the oil-containing sludge can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the discharge amount of the residue to the supply amount of the oil-containing sludge. The installation position of the stopper 37, or the discharge gap 45 of the residue formed by the stopper 37 and the cylinder end 48 is the type of oil-containing sludge, oil content of oil-containing sludge, treatment Appropriately selected according to conditions.
また、 該ストッパーとしては、 第 4図に示すもの以外に、 例えば、 該 スクリユー軸が揷通され、 ベアリング等を介して該スクリユ ー軸に摺動 可能に取り付けられ、 且つ、 背面に弾性体、 油圧、 空気圧等により圧力 をかける調圧部材が取り付けられているス トッパーが挙げられる。なお、 該ス トッパーの背面とは、 該内筒との間で該排出隙間を形成する側とは 反対側のことである。 この調圧部材が取り付けられているス トッパーを 有する形態例では、 該調圧部材で圧力調節することにより、 排出隙間の 大きさや圧搾の圧力の調節をして、 残渣物の排出量、 圧縮率等の処理条 件を選択することができる。 また、 被処理物の種類や物性等により、 処 理条件を選択することもできる。  As the stopper, in addition to the stopper shown in FIG. 4, for example, the screw shaft is passed through and is slidably attached to the screw shaft via a bearing or the like. Examples include a stopper provided with a pressure adjusting member that applies pressure by hydraulic pressure or air pressure. The back surface of the stopper is the side opposite to the side that forms the discharge gap with the inner cylinder. In the embodiment having the stopper to which the pressure adjusting member is attached, the pressure adjustment is performed by the pressure adjusting member, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge gap and the pressure of the squeezing, and the discharge amount of the residue and the compression rate. And other processing conditions can be selected. Also, processing conditions can be selected according to the type and physical properties of the workpiece.
該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0は、 該内筒 3 5内へ含油スラッジを供給す るための供給口である。 含油スラッジの移動方向 6 4における、 該含油 スラッジ供給口 4 0の設置位置は、 第 7図に示すように、 該内筒 3 5の 長さ 6 1に対する該内筒 3 5の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 4 9から該含 油スラッジ供給口 4 0までの長さ 6 3の比 （符号 6 3 符号 6 1 ) 、 0 . 1 5以下、 好ましくは 0 . 1 2 5以下、 特に好ましくは 0 . 0 9 3 〜0 . 1 2 5となる位置である。 該内筒 3 5の長さ 6 1に対する該内筒The oil-containing sludge supply port 40 is a supply port for supplying oil-containing sludge into the inner cylinder 35. As shown in FIG. 7, the installation position of the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 in the oil-impregnated sludge moving direction 6 4 is as follows. Tube end 4 9 Ratio of length 63 to oil sludge supply port 40 (reference numeral 63, reference numeral 61), 0.15 or less, preferably 0.125 or less, particularly preferably 0.093 to 0.1 It is a position that becomes 2. The inner cylinder with respect to the length 61 of the inner cylinder 3 5
3 5の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 4 9から該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0ま での長さ 6 3の比が上記範囲内にあることにより、 含油スラッジの油分 の減量化効果が高くなる。 なお、 本発明において、 該内筒 3 5の長さ 6 1 とは、 該内筒の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 4 9から該内筒の残渣物排 出側の筒端 4 8までの距離を指し、 また、 該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0の 位置とは、 該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0の中央の位置を指す。 また、 該内 筒 3 5及び該外筒 3 6の周方向における、 該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0の 設置位置は、 通常、 第 4図及び第 7図に示すように、 最上方であるが、 これに制限されるものではなく、 図示しない含油スラッジ供給管の位置 等により適宜選択される。 The ratio of the length 63 from the cylinder end 49 of the oil-impregnated sludge supply side to the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 is in the above range, so that the oil content of the oil-impregnated sludge is reduced. In the present invention, the length 61 of the inner cylinder 35 is the distance from the cylinder end 49 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder to the cylinder end 48 on the residue discharge side of the inner cylinder. Further, the position of the oil-containing sludge supply port 40 refers to the center position of the oil-containing sludge supply port 40. Further, the installation position of the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36 is usually the uppermost position as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, It is not limited to this, and is appropriately selected depending on the position of an oil-containing sludge supply pipe (not shown).
該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1は、 該内筒 3 5内の含油スラッジに対して 該内筒 3 5側から、 すなわち、 該内筒 3 5の外から中心に向けて水蒸気 を供給するための水蒸気の供給口である。 該含油スラッジの移動方向に おける、該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1の設置位置は、第 7図に示すように、 該内筒 3 5の長さ 6 1に対する該内筒 3 5の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 The outer cylinder-side steam supply port 41 supplies steam to the oil-impregnated sludge in the inner cylinder 35 from the inner cylinder 35 side, that is, from the outside of the inner cylinder 35 toward the center. This is a water vapor supply port. As shown in FIG. 7, the installation position of the outer cylinder-side water vapor supply port 41 in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge is as follows. The oil-containing sludge of the inner cylinder 35 with respect to the length 61 of the inner cylinder 35 Tube end on the supply side
4 9から該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1までの長さ 6 2の比 （符号 6 2 符 号 6 1 ) 力 0 . 5以下、 好ましくは 0 . 0 3〜0 . 5、 特に好ましく は 0 . 1 4〜0 . 3、 更に好ましくは 0 . 1 8〜0 . 2 5となる位置で ある。 該内筒 3 5の長さ 6 1に対する該内筒 3 5の含油スラッジ供給側 の筒端 4 9から該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1までの長さ 6 2の比が、 上記 範囲内にあることにより、 該内筒 3 5内で該含油スラッジが圧搾される 際の初期の段階で、 多くの水蒸気を該含油スラッジに接触させることが できるので、 含油スラッジの油分の減量化効果が高くなる。 なお、 本発 明において、 該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1の位置とは、 該外筒側水蒸気供 給口 4 1の中央の位置を指す。 Ratio of length 6 2 from 49 to the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 (reference numeral 62, reference numeral 61) force 0.5 or less, preferably 0.03 to 0.5, particularly preferably 0 14 to 0.3, and more preferably 0.18 to 0.25. The ratio of the length 62 from the cylinder end 49 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 35 to the length 61 of the inner cylinder 35 to the steam supply port 41 on the outer cylinder side is within the above range. As a result, a large amount of water vapor can be brought into contact with the oil-containing sludge at the initial stage when the oil-containing sludge is squeezed in the inner cylinder 35, so that the oil content of the oil-containing sludge is highly reduced. Become. In addition, this departure In the description, the position of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 refers to the center position of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41.
また、 該外筒 3 6の周方向における、 該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1の設 置位置は、 第 4図及び第 7図では、 最下方であるが、 これに制限される ものではなく、図示しない水蒸気供給管の位置等により適宜選択される。 また、 該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1の数は、 特に制限されず、 1であって も、 2以上であってもよい。  Further, the installation position of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41 in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 36 is the lowermost in FIGS. 4 and 7, but is not limited thereto. These are appropriately selected depending on the position of a water vapor supply pipe (not shown). Further, the number of the outer cylinder side water vapor supply ports 41 is not particularly limited, and may be 1 or 2 or more.
該油水排出口 4 3は、 該油水の排出隙間 5 2に排出される油水を、 装 置外へ排出するための排出口である。含油スラッジの移動方向における、 該油水排出口 4 3の設置位置及び該油水排出口 4 3の設置数は、 特に制 限ざれず、 適宜選択される。 また、 該外筒 3 6の周方向における、 該油 水排出口 4 3の設置位置は、 通常、 最下方である。 また、 該油水排出口 The oil water discharge port 43 is a discharge port for discharging the oil water discharged into the oil water discharge gap 52 to the outside of the apparatus. The installation position of the oil / water outlets 43 and the number of oil / water outlets 43 in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge are not particularly limited and are appropriately selected. Further, the installation position of the oil / water discharge port 4 3 in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 36 is usually at the lowest position. The oil / water outlet
4 3には、 該油水に混入した細かい残渣物を分離するための該ス トレー ナー 4 3 1が付設されている。 4 3 is provided with the strainer 4 3 1 for separating fine residues mixed in the oily water.
該排気口 4 6は、 装置内の水蒸気等のガスを装置外に排出するための ガスの排出口である。 含油スラッジの移動方向における、 該排気口 4 6 の設置位置及び該排気口 4 6の設置数は、 特に制限されず、 適宜選択さ れる。  The exhaust port 46 is a gas exhaust port for exhausting gas such as water vapor in the apparatus to the outside of the apparatus. The installation position of the exhaust port 4 6 and the number of the exhaust ports 4 6 in the moving direction of the oil-containing sludge are not particularly limited and are appropriately selected.
該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0、 該残渣物排出口 4 2、 該油水排出口 4 3 及び該排気口 4 6は、 通常、 開放状態である。  The oil-containing sludge supply port 40, the residue discharge port 4 2, the oil / water discharge port 4 3 and the exhaust port 4 6 are normally open.
該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1には、 該スクリユー 3 4を回転駆動させるための駆動手段 （図示しない。 ） が設置されてい る。  The screw type sludge reducing device 31 has a driving means (not shown) for driving the screw 34 to rotate.
該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1においては、 該スク リュー軸 3 2及び該内筒 3 5は水平であってもよく、 含油スラッジの供 給側に傾斜していてもよく、 残渣物の排出側に傾斜していてもよく、 あ るいは、 垂直であってもよい。 In the screw type sludge reducing device 31, the screw shaft 3 2 and the inner cylinder 35 may be horizontal, may be inclined toward the supply side of the oil-containing sludge, and the residue It may be inclined to the discharge side of Or it may be vertical.
該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1を用いて、 本発明の 含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bを行う操作手順について、 第 8図を参照し て説明する。 第 8図は、 該スク リ ュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1を用いて、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bを行っている様子を 示す、 該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1の模式的な断面 図である。  An operation procedure for performing the oil-retaining sludge reduction method B of the present invention using the screw-type oil-retaining sludge reduction device 31 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 shows how the screw type sludge reducing device 31 is used to reduce the amount of oil containing sludge according to the present invention. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device 31. FIG.
該スク リ ュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1に、 該含油スラッジ 供給口 4 0から、 含油スラッジ 7 1を供給して、 該スク リ ュー 3 4を回 転させることにより、 該含油スラッジ 7 1を、 該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0力ゝら、 該内筒の残渣物排出側の筒端 4 8に向かって、 該スク リ ュー軸 3 2の周りに螺旋状に形成される該圧搾空間 4 7を移動させて、 該含油 スラッジ 7 1を押し込むことにより、 該含油スラッジ 7 1に高圧を与え て、 該含油スラッジ 7 1を圧搾する。 そして、 該含油スラッジを供給し つつ、 該スク リユー軸 3 2の一端 5 8から 1 0 0 〜 2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気 7 0 aを、 該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1から 1 0 0 〜 2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気 7 0 bを供給することにより、 該含油スラッジ 7 1に対し水蒸気を、 該内筒 3 5の中心から及び外側からの両方向から接触させる。  By supplying oil-impregnated sludge 71 from the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 to the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31, and rotating the screw 34, the oil-impregnated sludge is reduced. 7 1, the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40, and the compression formed spirally around the screw shaft 32 toward the cylinder end 48 on the residue discharge side of the inner cylinder By moving the space 47 and pushing the oil-containing sludge 71, a high pressure is applied to the oil-containing sludge 71 and the oil-containing sludge 71 is squeezed. While supplying the oil-impregnated sludge, steam 70 0 a at 100 to 200 ° C. is supplied from one end 58 of the screw shaft 32 to the outer cylinder side steam supply port 41 to 100 0. By supplying steam 70 b at ˜200 ° C., steam is brought into contact with the oil-containing sludge 71 from both the center and the outside of the inner cylinder 35.
そのため、 該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0から供給された該含油スラッジ は、 該内筒 3 5への供給後直に、 該スク リ ュー軸 3 2の該水蒸気供給孔 5 7からの水蒸気 7 0 a及び該外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1からの水蒸気 7 0 bに接触する。 次いで、 該含油スラッジ 7 1は、 該スクリュー 3 4が 回転することによって、 圧搾されながら圧搾物排出側へ移動するが、 そ の間も該水蒸気供給口 5 7からの水蒸気 7 0 a及び該外筒側水蒸気供給 口 4 1からの水蒸気 7 0 bに接触している。 つまり、 圧搾中も該含油ス ラッジ 4 1に該水蒸気を接触させている。 そして、 該スク リ ュー 34を回転させながら、 該水蒸気 70 a及び 7 O bを供給しながら、 該含油スラッジ 7 1を連続的に供給しつつ、 且つ 該残渣物 73を排出させることにより、 連続的に、 該含油スラッジ 7 1 の油分及び有害物質の減量化を行うことができる。 その際、 適宜、 油水 72を該油水排出口 43から排出し、 排気ガス 75を該排気口 46から 排出する。 Therefore, the oil-impregnated sludge supplied from the oil-impregnated sludge supply port 40 is immediately after being supplied to the inner cylinder 35, and the water vapor 70 0 a from the water vapor supply hole 5 7 of the screw shaft 32 And water vapor 70 b from the outer cylinder side water vapor supply port 41. Next, the oil-containing sludge 71 moves to the compressed product discharge side while being compressed as the screw 34 rotates, and during that time, the steam 70 a from the steam supply port 57 and the outside It is in contact with the steam 70 b from the cylinder-side steam supply port 4 1. That is, the water vapor is brought into contact with the oil-impregnated sludge 41 even during pressing. Then, while rotating the screw 34, supplying the water vapor 70a and 7Ob, continuously supplying the oil-containing sludge 71, and discharging the residue 73, continuously. In particular, the oil content and harmful substances of the oil-containing sludge 71 can be reduced. At that time, the oil water 72 is appropriately discharged from the oil water discharge port 43 and the exhaust gas 75 is discharged from the exhaust port 46.
このように、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bは、 該含油スラッ ジに 1 00〜200°Cの水蒸気を接触させてから、 該含油スラッジを圧 搾し、 該油水と該残渣物に分離する含油スラッジの減量化方法である。 そして、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bは、 連続的に、 該含油ス ラッジの処理を行う方法である。  Thus, in the method B for reducing oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is brought into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C., and then the oil-containing sludge is compressed, and the oil water and the residue are separated. This is a method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge to be separated. And the oil-reducing sludge reduction method B of the present invention is a method of continuously treating the oil-containing sludge.
該圧搾の際、 該含油スラッジ 7 1は、 該スク リュー型の含油スラッジ の減量化装置 3 1内に供給する水蒸気により加熱されるが、 供給する該 水蒸気の温度は、 1 00〜200°C、 好ましくは 1 00〜 1 80° (：、 特 に好ましくは 1 1 0〜 1 50°C、 更に好ましくは 1 1 0〜 ： 1 20°Cであ る。 供給する該水蒸気の温度が上記範囲内にあることにより、 該含油ス ラッジ 7 1中の油分を、 良好に減量化することができる。 また、 該圧搾 の際の該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1内の温度は、 定 常状態の温度で、 1 00〜200°C、 好ましくは 100〜 1 80°C、 特 に好ましくは 1 1 0〜 1 50°C、 更に好ましくは 1 10〜 1 20°Cであ る。 該圧搾の際の該スクリユー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1内の 温度が上記範囲内にあることにより、 該含油スラッジ 71中の油分を、 良好に減量化することができる。 なお、 該圧搾の際の該スク リュー型の 含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1内の温度は、 該油水の排出隙間 52のう ち、 供給する水蒸気に直接接触しない位置に熱電対等を設置して、 該油 水の排出隙間 52の温度を測定して得られる。 該圧搾の際、 該含油スラッジを圧搾する圧搾圧力は、 含油スラッジの 種類により適宜選択される。 During the pressing, the oil-impregnated sludge 71 is heated by steam supplied into the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31, and the temperature of the steam supplied is 100 to 200 ° C. Preferably, it is 100 to 180 ° (:, particularly preferably 110 to 150 ° C, more preferably 110 to 120 ° C. The temperature of the water vapor to be supplied is in the above range. Therefore, the oil content in the oil-impregnated sludge 71 can be reduced well, and the temperature in the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducer 31 at the time of the compression is as follows: It is 100 to 200 ° C, preferably 100 to 180 ° C, particularly preferably 110 to 150 ° C, more preferably 110 to 120 ° C at a steady state temperature. When the temperature in the squeeze-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31 during the pressing is within the above range, the oil-containing sludge 71 The screw-type oil-containing sludge weight reducing device 31 during the pressing is controlled by the temperature of the steam supplied from the oil water discharge gap 52. It is obtained by measuring the temperature of the oil / water discharge gap 52 by installing a thermocouple or the like in a position not in direct contact with the oil. In the pressing, the pressing pressure for pressing the oil-containing sludge is appropriately selected according to the type of oil-containing sludge.
該圧搾の際の該含油スラッジ 7 1の圧搾時間、 すなわち、 該含油スラ ッジ 7 1が該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0から供給されて、 該残渣物の排出 隙間 4 5から該残渣物 7 3として排出されるまでの時間は、 好ましくは 1時間以上、 特に好ましくは 1 〜 3時間、 更に好ましくは 1 . 5 〜 3時 間、 より好ましくは 2 〜 2 . 5時間である。 該圧搾の際の該含油スラッ ジ 7 1の圧搾時間が上記範囲内にあることにより、 該含油スラッジ 7 1 中の油分及び有害物質を減量化する効果が高くなる。 つまり、 本発明の 含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bでは、 該含油スラッジの圧搾時間を上記範 囲内にして、 ゆっく りと時間をかけて該含油スラッジを圧搾することに より、 該含油スラッジ中の油分及び有害物質を減量化する効果を高くす ることができる。 一方、 該圧搾時間は長過ぎても、 本発明の効果は得ら れるものの、本発明の効果の向上が頭打ちになり、処理効率が悪くなる。 なお、 該スク リ ュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1では、 該スク リ ユー 3 4の回転速度、 該含油スラッジ供給口 4 0からの該含油スラッジ 7 1の供給量、 及び該残渣物の排出隙間 4 5からの該残渣物 7 3の排出 量を、 適宜選択することにより、 該圧搾の際の該含油スラッジ 7 1の圧 搾時間を調節することができる。  The pressing time of the oil-containing sludge 71 at the time of pressing, that is, the oil-containing sludge 71 is supplied from the oil-containing sludge supply port 40, and the residue 7 3 is discharged from the residue discharge gap 45. Is preferably 1 hour or more, particularly preferably 1 to 3 hours, further preferably 1.5 to 3 hours, and more preferably 2 to 2.5 hours. When the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge 71 at the time of pressing is within the above range, the effect of reducing the oil content and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge 71 is enhanced. That is, in the method B for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is squeezed slowly over a period of time by setting the compression time of the oil-containing sludge within the above range. The effect of reducing the amount of oil and harmful substances can be increased. On the other hand, even if the squeezing time is too long, the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but the improvement of the effect of the present invention reaches its peak, and the processing efficiency deteriorates. In the screw type sludge reducing device 31 of the screw type, the rotational speed of the screw 34, the supply amount of the sludge 71 from the oil containing sludge supply port 40, and the residue By appropriately selecting the discharge amount of the residue 73 from the discharge gap 45, the pressing time of the oil-containing sludge 71 at the time of pressing can be adjusted.
本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bでは、 含油スラッジの供給直後 及び圧搾中に該含油スラッジ 7 1を水蒸気 7 0と接触させることより、 該含油スラッジは高温となり且つ含油スラッジの水分量が増えるので、 加温効果により、 該含油スラッジ 7 1中の固形分と液体分とが分離し易 くなる。 そのため、 本発明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bは、 該含油ス ラッジ 7 1中の油分及び有害物質を、 良好に減量化することができる。 また、 該スクリュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1では、 該スク リュー軸 3 2に該水蒸気供給孔 5 7が形成されており、 且つ該内筒の長 さに対する該内筒の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端から該外筒側水蒸気供給 口までの長さの比が、 0. 5以下であるので、 該含油スラッジを該内筒 3 5内に投入すると直に、 該含油スラッジに水蒸気を接触させることが できるので、 該スクリュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 31は、 本発 明の含油スラッジの減量化方法 Bに好適に用いられる。 In the method B for reducing oil-containing sludge according to the present invention, the oil-containing sludge is heated to a high temperature and the water content of the oil-containing sludge is increased by bringing the oil-containing sludge 71 into contact with steam 70 immediately after supply of the oil-containing sludge and during pressing. Therefore, the solid content and the liquid content in the oil-containing sludge 71 are easily separated by the heating effect. Therefore, the method B for reducing oil-containing sludge of the present invention can satisfactorily reduce the amount of oil and harmful substances in the oil-containing sludge 71. Further, the screw-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 31 has the scrub A ratio of the length from the end of the inner cylinder on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side to the outer cylinder-side steam supply port with respect to the length of the inner cylinder is formed in the Liu shaft 32. However, since the oil-containing sludge can be brought into contact with water vapor as soon as the oil-containing sludge is introduced into the inner cylinder 35, the screw-type oil-containing sludge reducing device 31 Is suitably used in the method B for reducing oil-containing sludge of the present invention.
次に、 実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、 これは単に 例示であって、 本発明を制限するものではない。  EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, this is merely an example and does not limit the present invention.
実施例 Example
(実施例 1 )  (Example 1)
第 1図に示す圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 10の該内 筒 1 1 (内径 600 mm) に、 含油スラッジ A 1 (温水洗浄後の原油ス ラッジ、 油分含有量 6mgZL) を 24. 2 5 k g投入し、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8及び該上部フランジ 1 9を取り付けた。 次いで、 該油水排気出 口 1 5及び該排気口 1 6を開放した状態で、 0. 09 8 IMP aの水蒸 気 （100°C) を供給し、 1時間、 水蒸気との接触を行った。 1時間接 触後の該油水の排出隙間の温度は 10 o°cであった。  The oil-impregnated sludge A 1 (crude oil sludge after hot water washing, oil content 6 mgZL) is added to the inner cylinder 11 (inner diameter 600 mm) of the compressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 shown in Fig. 1. . 2 5 kg was charged, and the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 were attached. Next, with the oil / water exhaust outlet 15 and the exhaust outlet 16 opened, 0.0988 IMP a water vapor (100 ° C) was supplied and contacted with water vapor for 1 hour. . The temperature of the oil water discharge gap after contact for 1 hour was 10 ° C.
次いで、 2. 94MP aの圧力で、 該圧搾ピス トン 1 8を押し込み、 3時間かけて、 該含油スラッジ A 1を圧搾した。  Next, the compressed piston 18 was pushed in at a pressure of 2.94 MPa, and the oil-containing sludge A 1 was pressed for 3 hours.
圧搾後の残渣物 B 1の質量は 4. 7 k gであり、 油分含有量は 1 m g /Lであった。 このときの含油スラッジの減量化率 （％) ( {含油スラ ッジの質量ー残渣物の質量 } X 100Z含油スラッジの質量）は、 80% であった。  The mass of residue B 1 after pressing was 4.7 kg and the oil content was 1 mg / L. The reduction rate (%) of the oil-containing sludge ({mass of oil-containing sludge−mass of residue} X 100Z oil-containing sludge) was 80%.
(実施例 2)  (Example 2)
第 1図に示す圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 10の該内 筒 1 1 (内径 6 00 mm) に、 含油スラッジ A 2 (遠心分離後の原油掘 削マツ ド、 油分含有量 1 lmgZL、 水銀含有量 0. 39mgZk g) を 3 2. 3 5 k g投入し、 該圧搾ビス トン 1 8及び該上部フランジ 1 9 を取り付けた。 次いで、 該油水排気出口 1 5及び該排気口 1 6を開放し た状態で、 0. 09 8 1MP aの水蒸気 （1 00°C) を供給し、 1時間、 水蒸気との接触を行った。 1時間接触後の該油水の排出隙間の温度は 1 00°Cであった。 The oil-impregnated sludge A 2 (crude oil after centrifuging) is placed in the inner cylinder 11 (inner diameter: 600 mm) of the compressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reducing device 10 shown in Fig. 1. A milling mat, oil content of 1 lmgZL, mercury content of 0.39 mgZkg) was charged, and the compressed piston 18 and the upper flange 19 were attached. Next, with the oil / water exhaust outlet 15 and the exhaust outlet 16 being opened, 0.0988 MPa of steam (100 ° C.) was supplied and contacted with the steam for 1 hour. The temperature of the oil water discharge gap after contact for 1 hour was 100 ° C.
次いで、 2. 94MP aの圧力で、 該圧搾ピス トン 1 8を押し込み、 1時間かけて、 該含油スラッジ A 2を圧搾した。  Next, the pressed piston 18 was pushed in at a pressure of 2.94 MPa, and the oil-containing sludge A 2 was pressed for 1 hour.
圧搾後の残渣物 B 2の質量は 2 5. 5 k gであり、 油分含有量は 4 m g/L、 水銀含有量 0. 28mg/k gであった。 このときの含油スラ ッジの減量化率 （％) は、 2 2%であった。  The mass of residue B 2 after pressing was 25.5 kg, the oil content was 4 mg / L, and the mercury content was 0.28 mg / kg. The oil sludge reduction rate (%) at this time was 22%.
符号の説明 Explanation of symbols
0 圧搾ビス トン型の含油スラッジの減量化装置  0 Pressed biston-type oil-impregnated sludge reduction device
1 , 3 5 内筒  1, 3 5 Inner cylinder
2, 3 6 外筒  2, 3 6 outer cylinder
3 a、 1 3 b 5 2 油水の排出隙間  3 a, 1 3 b 5 2 Oil water discharge gap
4 水蒸気供給口  4 Steam supply port
5、 44 33 油水排出口  5, 44 33 Oil / water outlet
6、 44 66 排気口  6, 44 66 Exhaust port
1 7 台座 1 7 pedestal
1 8 圧搾ビス トン  1 8 Squeezed biston
1 9 上部フランジ  1 9 Upper flange
2 1 圧搾前の位置 2 1 Position before pressing
2 2 圧搾後の位置  2 2 Position after pressing
3 1 スクリュー型の含油スラッジの減量化装置 3 1 Screw type oil-impregnated sludge reduction device
32 スク リ ユー軸 3 3 スク リ ュー羽根 32 screw shaft 3 3 Screw blade
3 4 スク リ ュー  3 4 Screw
3 7 ス トッパー  3 7 Stopper
3 8 含油スラッジ供給側フランジ  3 8 Oil-impregnated sludge supply side flange
3 9 残渣物排出側フランジ 3 9 Residue discharge flange
4 0 含油スラッジ供給口  4 0 Oil-impregnated sludge supply port
4 1 外筒側水蒸気供給口 4 1 Outer cylinder side steam supply port
4 2 残渣物排出口 4 2 Waste outlet
4 4 残渣物排出室  4 4 Residue discharge chamber
4 5 残渣物の排出隙間 4 5 Residue discharge gap
4 7 圧搾空間  4 7 Compressed space
4 8 内筒の残渣物排出側の筒端  4 8 Cylinder end of the inner cylinder on the residue discharge side
4 9 内筒の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端  4 9 End of cylinder on the oil supply sludge supply side of the inner cylinder
5 0 外筒の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 5 0 Tube end on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the outer tube
5 1 外筒の残渣物排出側の筒端 5 1 Tube end on the waste discharge side of the outer tube
5 3 内筒 3 5により囲まれている部分  5 3 Part surrounded by inner cylinder 3 5
5 4 水蒸気供給孔 5 7が形成される範囲  5 4 Range where water vapor supply holes 5 7 are formed
5 5 スクリユー羽根 3 3の径 5 5 Screw blade 3 3 diameter
5 6 スク リ ュー羽根 3 3のピッチ  5 6 Screw pitch 3 3 Pitch
5 7 水蒸気供給孔 5 7 Water vapor supply hole
5 8 スク リユー軸 3 2の一端  5 8 One end of screw shaft 3 2
5 9 スク リユー軸 3 2の他端  5 9 Screw shaft 3 2
6 1 内筒 3 5の長さ 6 1 Inner cylinder 3 5 Length
6 2 内筒 3 5の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 4 9から外筒側 水蒸気供給口 4 1までの長さ  6 2 Length from the cylinder end 4 9 on the oil-impregnated sludge supply side of the inner cylinder 3 5 to the steam supply port 4 1 on the outer cylinder side
6 3 内筒 3 5の含油スラッジ供給側の筒端 4 9から含油ス ラソジ供給口 4 0までの長さ 6 3 Inner cylinder 3 5 Oil-impregnated sludge supply side cylinder end 4 9 Rasoji supply port 4 Length up to 0
6 4 含油スラッジの移動方向  6 4 Movement direction of oil-impregnated sludge
7 0 a、 7 0 b 水蒸気  7 0 a, 70 b Water vapor
7 1 含油スラッジ  7 1 Oil-impregnated sludge
7 2 油水  7 2 Oil and water
7 3 残渣物  7 3 Residue
7 5 排気ガス  7 5 Exhaust gas
1 1 1 底壁  1 1 1 Bottom wall
4 3 1 ス ト レーナ一  4 3 1 strainer
5 6 1 a、 5 6 1 b スクリユー羽根の頂点 産業上の利用可能性  5 6 1 a, 5 6 1 b Apex of squeeze blades Industrial applicability
本発明によれば、 含油スラッジの処分を容易に行うことができる。  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily dispose oil-containing sludge.

Claims

請求の範囲 The scope of the claims
1 . 含油スラッジに 1 0 0〜 2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気を接触させてから、 該含 有スラッジを圧搾し、 油水と残渣物に分離することを特徴とする含油ス ラッジの減量化方法。 1. A method for reducing oil-containing sludge, comprising bringing oil-containing sludge into contact with water vapor at 100 to 200 ° C., and then compressing the oil-containing sludge to separate it into oil water and residue.
2 . 前記含油スラッジの圧搾を、 1時間以上かけて行うことを特徴とす る請求項 1記載の含油スラッジの減量化方法。  2. The method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to claim 1, wherein the oil-containing sludge is compressed over 1 hour or more.
3 . 圧搾中も含油スラッジに 1 0 0〜2 0 0 °Cの水蒸気を接触させるこ とを特徴とする請求項 1又は 2いずれか 1項記載の含油スラッジの減量 化方法。  3. The method for reducing the amount of oil-containing sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oil-containing sludge is brought into contact with water vapor at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C during pressing.
PCT/JP2008/065224 2007-08-24 2008-08-20 Method for reduction of oil-containing sludge WO2009028518A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009530134A JPWO2009028518A1 (en) 2007-08-24 2008-08-20 Reduction method of oil-impregnated sludge

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007218073 2007-08-24
JP2007-218073 2007-08-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009028518A1 true WO2009028518A1 (en) 2009-03-05

Family

ID=40387236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2008/065224 WO2009028518A1 (en) 2007-08-24 2008-08-20 Method for reduction of oil-containing sludge

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JPWO2009028518A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009028518A1 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5893788A (en) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-03 Toho Kogyo Kk Disposal of oil-containing sludge
JPH02180990A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-07-13 Thermal Waste Management Method for treating petroleum refinery sludge to produce coke-like substance

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5325082A (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-03-08 Sakae Akiyama Oil separating apparatus for oily mixture by heating with vapor for preetreatment
JPS6458400A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-06 Nikko Service Kk Method and apparatus for industrial waste treatment
JPH07207295A (en) * 1994-01-21 1995-08-08 Zenoosaka Sakana Tanpaku Jigiyou Kyodo Kumiai Method of separating oil from food residue and obtaining feed
US5928522A (en) * 1997-02-27 1999-07-27 Continuum Invironmental, Inc. Method for processing oil refining waste
JP4921689B2 (en) * 2003-02-03 2012-04-25 日本曹達株式会社 Method for removing residual organic solvent in solid substance
JP2006198530A (en) * 2005-01-20 2006-08-03 Port & Airport Research Institute Method of separating oil from earth/sand for oil-contaminated earth/sand, and apparatus for separating oil from earth/sand for oil-contaminated earth/sand

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5893788A (en) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-03 Toho Kogyo Kk Disposal of oil-containing sludge
JPH02180990A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-07-13 Thermal Waste Management Method for treating petroleum refinery sludge to produce coke-like substance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPWO2009028518A1 (en) 2010-12-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2010095501A1 (en) Method for reducing quantity of oil-containing sludge
CN107698012B (en) Horizontal self-balancing supercritical reaction device
WO2015103316A1 (en) Vibration assisted vacuum dewatering of fine coal particles
CN102874954A (en) Sewage treatment system
EP2337641A2 (en) Plasma method for disposing of waste material, and apparatus therefor
CN104763362A (en) Closed sieving device for high-sulfur-content containing oil-gas field drilling liquid
JP2009106802A (en) Pcb-containing oil sludge treatment method
JP5302889B2 (en) Oil-reducing sludge reduction device
CN107619171A (en) Oil-base mud landwaste thermal desorption device
WO2009028518A1 (en) Method for reduction of oil-containing sludge
KR101728989B1 (en) Liquid-Soild Separator for Food Waste
CN212687882U (en) Device for drying sludge by utilizing waste heat of furnace slag
US20060228231A1 (en) Method and apparatus for extracting contaminants from soil and from animal manure
KR102067541B1 (en) Sludge dewatering and solidification device using compression plate
CN109737415B (en) Waste incineration treatment method
JP2007136308A (en) Garbage crusher
KR101732049B1 (en) Apparatus for Disposing of Food Waste
JP2009208022A (en) Pcb-containing oil sludge treatment device and pcb-containing oil sludge treatment method
KR101557155B1 (en) Piston type sludge dehydration apparatus
KR20010071432A (en) Pyrolytic oven with dust extraction of the gas stream output resulting from pyrolysis
CN221063884U (en) Kitchen waste gas rapid treatment equipment
CN112739466A (en) Food waste treatment device
US7393456B1 (en) System and method for concentrating and removing sludge at the bottom of a waste water holding tank
CN115583779B (en) Emulsified oily sludge treatment system and method
CN213950923U (en) Preliminary separation device for fluidized oil sludge

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08792750

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2009530134

Country of ref document: JP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08792750

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1