WO2009025891A2

WO2009025891A2 - Training weapon with electric simulated recoil

Info

Publication number: WO2009025891A2
Application number: PCT/US2008/063788
Authority: WO
Inventors: Scott Martin
Original assignee: Scott Martin
Priority date: 2007-05-15
Filing date: 2008-05-15
Publication date: 2009-02-26
Also published as: WO2009025891A3

Abstract

A simulated weapon with an integrated electrically generated recoil is achieved in a bolt of ferromagnetic material with a high magnetic susceptibility controlled by one or more solenoidal electric coils. Electric power is provided from a battery contained in a case replicating an ammunition case magazine for the simulated weapon. A capacitor, charged by the battery, is provided between the battery and the electric coils to feed a current to the coils faster than can the battery. Bolt acceleration and deceleration is controlled by a controller between the capacitor and the electric coils.

Description

TRAINING WEAPON WITH ELECTRIC SIMULATED RECOIL

BACKGROUND Technical Field

This invention relates to simulated firearms having an artificial recoil mechanism, and more particularly to a simulated firearm employing an electric recoil apparatus.

Prior Art An important component in effective weapons training is the generation of recoil forces during a simulated weapon discharge. It is common knowledge and experience that the sited view of the weapon a user sees quickly moves upward after a discharge from an actual weapon, familiarly known as weapon recoil caused as a reaction force by the rapid expulsion of a bullet. As a result of the recoil, the view of the weapon user through the sites of the weapon is disrupted. That is, the aim of the user on the target moves off of the target and the user momentarily loses his target.

Use of laser- fire from a simulated weapon does not generally include a recoil and thus the simulation loses a sense of reality. Attempts to include a simulated recoil have focused on use of compressed gas upon pull of a weapon trigger actuating a pneumatic cylinder mounted within the gun barrel. Compressed gas has been provided in three ways. A first way includes systems control weapons that are physically tethered to a control device, which provides hard wired communication of electronic signals and data and also provides pneumatic tubes for delivery of pressurized gas within the training weapon. A second includes fanny pack weapons in which gas is generated from a pressurized gas canister carried in a belt pouch and connected by a pneumatic line to the training weapon. A third includes a pressurized gas canister carried within the training weapon. Disadvantages to using a pneumatic cylinder to replicate recoil forces include reliance on connection to a compressed gas reservoir to provide adequate gas pressure to drive the pneumatic cylinder. Presence of the tether can distract from the look and feel of the training weapon. A gas cartridge incorporated into the simulated weapon gives independence from connection to a compressed gas reservoir but a gas cartridge sized small enough to fit within the training weapon limits the number of simulated weapon shots to just a few. Further, the complexity of tubes and valves associated with pneumatic systems are complex and therefore costly. It would be advantageous both in system reliability and in cost savings to be able to eliminate this complexity. A gas discharge from a compressed canister is largely limited to a predetermined discharge by the physical characteristics of the canister. However, training circumstances may change and require variations in the training weapon, including its recoil. The simulated ammunition may need to change. The impact of the bolt may better simulate a recoil if it were modulated in a force curve instead of simply a single impulse force. It may be advantageous to reduce and gradually increase the recoil as a trainee learns the weapon. Thus, there also remains a need to control the recoil force.

SUMMARY These objectives are achieved in an electrically generated recoil integrated into a simulated weapon. The electric recoil is achieved in having a bolt of ferromagnetic material with a high magnetic susceptibility controlled by one or more solenoidal electric coils. For all purposes herein, the term "bolt" is deemed to include any and all forms of an armature that moves in a solenoid, including the electric coil referred to herein, and the electric coil described herein is deemed to mean or include a solenoid of one or more coils. Electric power is provided ideally from a battery contained in a case replicating an ammunition case magazine for the simulated weapon. A battery is replaced by replacing the case with another case in the same manner that an ammunition cartridge case is replaced when reloading. A capacitor, charged by the battery, is provided between the battery and the electric coils to feed a current to the coils faster than can the battery. Bolt acceleration and deceleration is controlled by a controller between the capacitor and the electric coils.

By using electric coils in the manner of a solenoid, force can be modified using a controller that controls electric current to the coils. Recoil simulation can thus be varied to replicate particular ammunition type based on the mass and the charge of the ammunition, emulate a specific burn rate, caliber type or powder type. Recoil can also be reduced for novice users during early training. Additional weapon events can be simulated, such as a weapon misfire, which may be simulated by having the bolt move slowing into the electric coil. An electric recoil typically is smaller than a pneumatic recoil. The smaller size allows for a broader range of weapons to be retrofitted with recoil simulation capability, from large guns to rifles to pistols.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a side cut-away view of a simulated weapon of the present invention shown as a rifle with a bolt in a bolt chamber moving under action of solenoidal electric coils.

Figure 2 is a side cut-away view of the bolt chamber, bolt and coils of FIG. 1 with a single supplemental spring, shown with the bolt in its rest position in preparation for firing of the simulated weapon. Figure 3 is a side cut-away view of the bolt chamber of FIG. 2, shown with the bolt in its second position subsequent to a simulated firing of the weapon. Figure 4 is a side cut-away view of the bolt chamber of 1, shown with a forward and a rearward spring attached to the bolt to assist in accelerating the bolt upon a simulated firing, the bolt shown intermediate its first, or rest, position and its second, or fired position. Figure 5 is a side cut-away view of the bolt chamber of FIG. 1 illustrating a further embodiment of the invention in which a single electric coil is employed in the forward, or bolt rest position end of the bolt chamber employing a spring to accelerate the bolt to its second, or fired position, shown with the bolt in rest position compressing the spring preparatory to firing after which the electric coil returns the bolt to its rest position.

FIG. 6 is a further illustration of the embodiment shown in Figure 5, also in side cut-away view, depicted with the bolt intermediate its first and second positions with also showing the bolt phantom lines at its second position where it imparts its momentum to the weapon housing by impact on a stop at the chamber end from which it bounces back toward the chamber first end. FIG. 7 is a cut-away view of the simulated weapon of FIG. 1 showing the trigger linked to the pawl that retains the bolt in its rest position until the pawl is withdrawn by pull of the trigger.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the series relation of the switch that is activated by the trigger, the battery, the capacitor, the controller and the electric coil or coils. FIG. 9 is a side cut-away view of the present invention implemented in a handgun.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The simulated weapon 10 of the present invention comprises a weapon housing

12 having a bolt chamber 14 in which a bolt 16 may move forward and rearward in the normal design and operation of a weapon that discharges a projectile. In the simulated weapon 10 in which a projectile is not discharged, a modified bolt 16 substitutes in design for the original weapon bolt, still moving forward and rearward in the bolt chamber 14. In a bolt chamber first end 18 the bolt 16 is in its rest position 20 preparatory to a simulated firing of the weapon. In a bolt chamber second end 22 the bolt

16 is in its second or fired position 24, opposite the bolt chamber first end 18. In a first embodiment, the bolt chamber first end 18 is forward in the bolt chamber 14 and the bolt chamber second end 22 is rearward in the bolt chamber 14. In a second embodiment the bolt chamber first end 18 is rearward in the bolt chamber 14 and the bolt chamber second end 22 is forward in the bolt chamber 14. In the following, the first embodiment is described. However, only the first embodiment is described for simplicity of description.

The second embodiment is deemed included in the description by reversing references, such as reversing rearward and forward in the description.

Continuing now in describing the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the weapon housing 12 rearward in the bolt chamber 14 is a first electric coil 26 around a portion of the bolt chamber 14 such that the bolt 16, comprised of an electromagnetic material such as iron, and the first electric coil 26 function as a solenoid.

When the first electric coil 26 is not energized, the bolt 16 is urged into its rest position 20 forward in the bolt chamber 14 by any suitable return mechanism. In one exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the return mechanism may be a forward spring 30 connected between the bolt 16 and the weapon housing 12 forward of the first electric coil 26. Equivalently, in an alternate embodiment, a rearward spring 32 is rearward in the housing 12, that is, rearward of the first electric coil 26, pushing the bolt 16 back into a bolt forward, or rest position 20, in which case the forward spring 30 also serves as a safety against the bolt 16 inadvertently moving excessively rearward out of the first electric coil 26, the rearward spring 32 then cushioning the impact of the bolt 16 against the housing 12. A bolt stop 34 at the rearward end of the bolt chamber 14 defines a rearward limit of bolt movement within the bolt chamber 14. Clearly, both forward and rearward springs may be employed. Movement of the bolt 16 extends or compresses the spring from its rest position 20 where the spring is neither extended nor compressed, which is at the bolt fired, or second, position 24 so all energy directed through the first electric coil 26 is applied to accelerate the bolt 16 to maximize bolt momentum and hence maximize a simulated recoil with minimum energy. When the bolt 16 is returned to its rest position 20 against resistance of the spring or springs 30, 32, potential energy is stored in the spring or springs 30, 32. That stored potential energy in the extended or compressed spring 30, 32 is released in moving the bolt 16 to its forward rest position 20.

The spring 30, 32 is of a nonferromagnetic material so as not to interact with the first electric coil 26.

As stated, to maximize acceleration of the bolt 16 into the first electric coil 26 during a simulated shot for an effective recoil effect while minimizing required electrical energy and size of the first electric coil 26 and the bolt 16, it is advantageous to effect bolt movement into the first electric coil 26 upon firing the simulated weapon without resistance against a spring. This is achieved in another embodiment in which the return mechanism is a second electric coil 38 forward in the chamber that draws the bolt 16 from the bolt second position 24 rearward in the bolt chamber 14 to the bolt rest position 20 forward in the bolt chamber 14. A supplemental spring 42 forward in the bolt chamber 14 may be employed with the second electric coil 38. The supplemental spring 42 receives the bolt 16 moving forward in the bolt chamber 14 to moderate deceleration of the bolt 16 and to store energy of the moving bolt 16 as potential energy in the supplemental spring 42, which energy is released in accelerating the bolt 16 rearward supplemental to the rearward pull on the bolt 16 by the first electric coil 26 therein reducing the electrical energy required in the first electric coil 26 to achieve a desired acceleration of the bolt 16 and the resultant weapon recoil. In bringing the bolt 16 forward into a stop in the bolt rest position 20 a forward, reaction recoil is imparted to the weapon. This change in momentum is exploited to simulate the reaction force of a weapon that causes a gun barrel to move downward after the recoil causes the barrel to move upward. A controller 44 intermediate a power source and the electric coils is programmed to control the second electric coil 38 such that the forward, or second electric coil 38 effects less acceleration and deceleration of the bolt 16 than the first electric coil 26, simulating a secondary and forward reaction recoil experienced in an actual weapon. The first electric coil 26 is de-energized as the second electric coil 38 is energized. The bolt 16 is captured and held in its rearward position by a pawl 46 that engages the bolt 16, which pawl 46 is connected to a trigger 48 such that as the trigger 48 is pulled, the pawl 46 is withdrawn from the bolt 16 or when the trigger 48 is held in its pulled position, the pawl 46 remains withdrawn and the simulated weapon continues through a rapid continuous fire sequence with the bolt 16 cycling through its rest and fire positions until the trigger 48 is released. Clearly, the second electric coil 38 can instead remain energized until a subsequent shot sequence is initialized. A shot sequence, initialized by pull of a weapon trigger 48, retracts the pawl 46 from the bolt 16 concurrent with energization of the first electric coil 26 with electric current. Simulated rapid fire is effected by holding the trigger 48 down so the pawl 46 does not engage the bolt 16 while the first and second electric coils 26, 38 alternate energization and de-energization. The pawl 46 may be functionally connected to the trigger 48 either mechanically or electrically or a combination of both.

When the first electric coil 26 is energized by an electric current conducted through its coils, the bolt 16 is gradually accelerated into the electric coil. When the bolt

16 is electro magnetically captured within the first electric coil, momentum of the accelerated bolt 16 quickly decelerated within the coil is transferred through the first electric coil 26 to the weapon housing 12. Though quickly, the bolt 16 is gradually accelerated into the first electric coil 26 so little or no reaction force is sensed in the weapon with rearward acceleration of the bolt 16 and then the bolt 16 is effectively abruptly stopped by its electromagnetic capture within the first electric coil 26, imparting its momentum into the weapon as an impulse force with the designed characteristics of a weapon recoil force. The bolt 16 is captured only momentarily, long enough only to impart its momentum through the first electric coil 26 and is then immediately released as electric current through the first electric coil 26 is discontinued. The bolt 16 is then returned to its forward, or rest position. Forward movement of the bolt 16 is typically stopped as deceleration is captured in the supplemental spring 42 and held by the pawl 46.

In another illustrated in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, an electric coil 48 is at or near the bolt chamber first end 18 positioned in or about the bolt chamber 14 to accelerate the bolt 16 from the bolt fired, or second position 24 toward the bolt chamber first end 18 to the bolt rest position 20, the bolt rest position 20 again being that position in the bolt chamber 14 having maximum magnetic inductance in the electric coil and bolt 16 when the electric coil is energized. A further mechanism is provided for mechanically accelerating the bolt

16 from its rest position 20 upon pull of the trigger 48 to impact with stop 34 in the housing at the bolt second position 24, the bolt 16 imparting its momentum to the housing

12 therein creating a simulated primary recoil. Typically, the mechanism for accelerating the bolt 16 from its rest position 20 upon pull of the trigger 48 comprises a spring 50 in the bolt chamber first end 18 compressed by the bolt 16 as it moves in the bolt chamber 14 to the bolt rest position 20 under action of the electric coil 48. The bolt 16 is secured there by a pawl 46 engaging the bolt 16 at the rest position 20, the pawl 46 being withdrawn from engagement with the bolt 16 by pull of the trigger 48. The spring 50 also moderates deceleration of the bolt 16 in the electric coil 48 and stores its potential energy in the spring 50 therein moderating transfer of momentum to the housing 12. The spring

50 then accelerates the bolt 16 to the bolt second position 24 as the spring 50 extends when the pawl 46 is disengaged from the bolt 16 and the accelerated bolt 16 impacts the stop 34 at the bolt second position 24, imparting momentum of the accelerated bolt 16 to the housing 12 in creating the desired simulated primary recoil. The bolt 16 typically bounces from the stop 34 back toward its rest position 20, supplementing the magnetic pull of the electric coil 48 on the bolt 16 back to its rest position 20.

In a further embodiment, the controller 44 may be programmed such that the bolt 16 runs through the first electric coil 26 and overruns the bolt fired, or second position

24, which again is the stable position of maximum magnetic inductance within the first electric coil 26, to an overrun position to moderate the simulated recoil. The bolt 16 then is pulled back from its overrun position by the electromagnetic field generated by the first electric coil 26 into the first electric coil 26 to the bolt stability position where it is stopped, imparting a small forward momentum to the weapon housing 12, similar to the forward reaction of an actual weapon to the projectile discharge of the weapon.

Electric power is provided to the electric coils from a battery 52. The battery 52 is advantageously in a battery case 54 that simulates an ammunition case magazine of the weapon. The case 54 is loaded and locked into an ammunition port 56 in the normal manner of an actual weapon. The battery case 54, however, has electric terminals (note shown) that interface with matching electric terminals (not shown) within the housing 12 that electrically connect to the electric coils.

The battery 52 is typically limited in its capacity to release electric current through the case terminals. A capacitor 58 is therefore provided electrically between the battery 52 and the electric coils 26, 38, and 48. The capacitor 58 is charged at the rate of battery discharge but releases its charge at an increased rate required to properly operate the electric coils and at greater than the battery discharge rate. The operation of the capacitor 58 may be fixed by electric hardware to simulate normal operation of a weapon.

However, the controller 44, typically adjustable and programmable, is provided between the battery 52 and the electric coils to provide design flexibility and adaptation to different conditions. For example, the controller 44 may be adjusted to increase or decrease the simulated recoil. It may also be programmed to provide a simulated recoil or no recoil corresponding to an event other than normal such as a misfire or other similar events. In such event of a misfire, the controller 44 may operate in cooperation with other elements of the simulated weapon that also contribute to the feel of a misfire. Thus for a simulated weapon that employs a laser or such other technology to interact with a target instead of a projectile from a weapon, the laser would not emit its light concurrently with the controller 44 which for its part does not direct a full recoil. Other events could be similarly programmed into the controller 44. Electrical power to the electric coils is controlled by a switch 60 interrupting electrical connection between the power source and the electric coils. For all purposes herein, use of the term "switch" is deemed to include all forms of electrical and mechanical devices that achieve optional electrical connection or interruption in an electrical circuit, specifically including an electrical micro switch and alternatively a controller. Clearly, the battery 52 as a power source represents all forms of power sources. The particular kinds or forms of power source are not a part of this invention and so are not described. Reference to the battery 52 is deemed to mean and include any and all forms of portable power sources. A portable power source is advantageous in giving a trainee unrestricted movement, or at least movement not limited by the power source. However, there are circumstances when the user might not require unrestricted freedom of movement, in which case a line may be tethered between the simulated weapon and an external power source, which then is an alternate embodiment of the invention. The line may be used to charge the battery which then provides power connection to the controller 44, or it may be directly connected to the controller 44, presumably through a A to D converter (alternating current to direct current). Where power from a battery in a battery case in the form of an ammunition case is insufficient, a supplemental battery may be provided elsewhere in the simulated, or training weapon, such as in the butt of a rifle. The supplemental battery can be charged from line power prior to a training exercise.

It is now clear how a weapon recoil generated by a bolt 16 accelerated rearward from its rest position 20 forward in the weapon by an electric coil (or otherwise accelerated from its rest position and returned to its rest position by an electric coil) and abruptly stopped rearward in the weapon to impart its momentum as an impulse force to the weapon. It is also clear that the bolt 16 can be accelerated forward instead of rearward in creating a simulated weapon recoil, in which case the components described and the operation of those components is reversed as initially described. As earlier stated this reversed operation is deemed included in this invention.

Claims

CLAIMS Having described the invention, what is claimed is as follows:

1. A training firearm, simulating an actual firearm, having a housing and a trigger accessible from external the housing and in the housing a bolt chamber with first and second ends and a bolt movable in the bolt chamber, the improvement comprising: a. a bolt being of material having a high magnetic susceptibility with a bolt rest position toward said bolt chamber first end and a second position toward the bolt chamber second end; b. an electric coil within the housing and physically connected thereto, said bolt movable axially within said electric coil, the electric coil being positioned in or about the bolt chamber to accelerate the bolt in the bolt chamber by a magnetic field generated by the first electric coil when it is energized with electric current passing therethrough; c. an electrical power source electrically connected to said electric coil, interruptible by a trigger switch, the trigger switch being open when the bolt is in its rest position and closed to provide connection between the electrical power source and the electric coil therein energizing it with electric current therein creating said magnetic field; wherein upon pull of the trigger, the bolt accelerates from its rest position in the bolt chamber toward its bolt second position, the accelerated bolt decelerating abruptly to a stop at the bolt second position imparting momentum of the accelerated bolt to the housing as the bolt decelerates thus creating a simulated primary recoil, the bolt then returning to its rest position, the bolt being accelerated in the bolt chamber by the magnetic field generated by the electric coil.

2. The training firearm of claim 1 wherein the electrical power source comprises a battery simulating an ammunition magazine replaceably connected to the housing in the stead of an actual ammunition magazine in a same manner as would an actual ammunition magazine connect to the housing, electrically connecting to the first electric coil.

3. The training firearm of claim 1 further comprising a capacitor electrically connected between the electrical power source and the first electric coil for quickly discharging electrical current to the first electric coil.

4. A training firearm, simulating an actual firearm, having a housing and a trigger accessible from external the housing and in the housing a bolt chamber with first and second ends and a bolt movable in the bolt chamber, the improvement comprising: a. a bolt being of material having a high magnetic susceptibility with a bolt rest position toward said bolt chamber first end and a second position toward the bolt chamber second end; b. a first electric coil within the housing and physically connected thereto, said bolt movable axially within said first electric coil, the first electric coil being positioned in or about the bolt chamber to accelerate the bolt toward the chamber second end by a magnetic field generated by the first electric coil when it is energized with electric current passing therethrough; c. an electrical power source electrically connected to said electric coil, interruptible by a trigger switch, the trigger switch being open when the bolt is in its rest position and closed to provide connection between the electrical power source and the electric coil therein energizing it with electric current therein creating said magnetic field; wherein upon pull of the trigger, the bolt accelerates from its rest position in the bolt chamber toward the bolt second position at or toward the bolt chamber second end, which second position has maximum magnetic inductance in the first electric coil and bolt when the first electric coil is energized, the accelerated bolt decelerating abruptly to a stop at least partially within the first electric coil at the bolt second position imparting momentum of the accelerated bolt to the first electric coil as the bolt decelerates and thus to the housing therein creating a simulated primary recoil.

5. The training firearm of claim 1 further comprising a mechanism for returning the bolt to its rest position when the trigger switch again opens and interrupts electric current to the first electric coil, therein eliminating the magnetic field generated by the first electric coil.

6. The training firearm of claim 2 wherein said mechanism for returning the bolt to its rest position comprises a second electric coil within the housing and physically connected thereto, said bolt movable axially within said second electric coil, the second electric coil being positioned in or about the bolt chamber to accelerate the bolt toward the chamber first end by a magnetic field generated by the second electric coil when it is energized with electric current passing therethrough, the second electric coil being energized as the electric current to the first electric coil is interrupted, a magnetic field being generated by electric current in the second electric coil provided by said battery, the magnetic field generated by the second coil accelerating the bolt from the bolt chamber second position to the bolt rest position.

7. The training firearm of claim 3 wherein said second coil is adapted to effect a reaction recoil to the housing opposite to the primary recoil.

8. The training firearm of claim 3 further comprising a supplemental spring in the bolt chamber first end compressed by the bolt as it moves in the bolt chamber from the bolt chamber second end to the bolt chamber first end and stops at its rest position and secured there by a pawl engaging the bolt at the rest position, the pawl being withdrawn from said engagement with the bolt by pull of the trigger, the supplemental spring moderating deceleration of the bolt in the second electric coil and storing its potential energy in the spring and moderating transfer of momentum to the housing, the supplemental spring accelerating the bolt to the bolt second position as the supplemental spring extends when the pawl is disengaged from the bolt.

9. The training firearm of claim 1 further comprising a pawl in the housing releasably engaging the bolt at the bolt rest position, in functional communication with the trigger and releasable from engagement with the bolt upon pull of the trigger, whereupon the bolt is free-floating in the bolt chamber subject to acceleration by the magnetic field generated by the first electric coil.

10. The training firearm of claim 6 further comprising a bolt spring in the bolt chamber wherein the bolt spring is in a bolt spring rest position neither compressed nor extended at said bolt second position, the bolt spring connected to the bolt and accelerating the bolt to the bolt second position when the bolt is released by the pawl from the bolt rest position.

11. The training firearm of claim 1 further comprising a controller between the electrical power source and the first electrical coil, adapted to regulate electric power to the first electric coil.

12. The training firearm of claim 10 wherein the controller is programmable to simulate selective firing conditions, including a successful projectile discharge from the training weapon and a misfire.

13. A training firearm, simulating an actual firearm, having a housing and a trigger, accessible from external the housing and in the housing a bolt chamber with first and second ends and a bolt movable in the bolt chamber, the improvement comprising: said bolt being of material with high magnet susceptibility; a. a bolt being of material having a high magnetic susceptibility with a bolt rest position toward said bolt chamber first end and a second position toward the bolt chamber second end; b. a first electric coil connected to the housing, said bolt movable axially within said electric coil, the electric coil being positioned in or about the bolt chamber to accelerate the bolt toward the chamber first end by a magnetic field generated by the electric coil when it is energized with electric current passing therethrough; c. an electrical power source electrically connected to said electric coil, interruptible by a trigger switch, the trigger switch being open when the bolt is in its rest position and closed to provide connection between the electrical power source and the electric coil therein energizing it with electric current therein creating said magnetic field; wherein upon pull of the trigger, the bolt accelerates from its rest position in the bolt chamber toward the bolt second position at or toward the bolt chamber second end, which second position has maximum magnetic inductance in the first electric coil and bolt causing the accelerated bolt to decelerate abruptly to a stop at least partially within the first electric coil imparting momentum of the accelerated bolt to the first electric coil as the bolt decelerates and thus to the housing. a pawl in the housing releasably engaging the bolt forward in the bolt chamber, in functional communication with the trigger and releasable from the bolt such that when the trigger is pulled, the pawl disengages from the bolt and the bolt is free- floating in the bolt chamber subject to acceleration by the magnetic field of first electric coil, and a spring in the bolt chamber in a spring rest position neither compressed nor extended at said bolt rear position engaging the bolt at the bolt rest position and accelerating the bolt to the bolt rear position when the bolt is released by the pawl from the bolt forward position.

14. The training firearm of claim 13 wherein said battery is replaceably connected to the housing, simulating an ammunition magazine connected to the housing in the stead of an actual ammunition magazine in a same manner as would an actual ammunition magazine connect to the housing, electrically connecting to the first electrical coil.

15. The training firearm of claim 13 further comprising a controller between the battery and the first electrical coil, adapted to regulate electric power to the first electric coil, wherein the controller is programmable to simulate selective firing conditions including a successful projectile discharge from the training weapon and a misfire.

16. The training firearm of claim 13 a second electric coil for returning the bolt to its rest position functionally forward in the bolt chamber, energized as the electric current to the first electric coil is interrupted, a magnetic field generated by the second electric coil accelerating the bolt forward in the bolt chamber, said second coil being adapted to effect a forward, reaction recoil to the housing.

17. The training firearm of claim 13 further comprising a spring forward in the bolt chamber at its end compressed by the bolt as it moves forward in the bolt chamber and stops at its rest position, moderating deceleration of the bolt in the second electric coil and storing its potential energy in the spring and moderating transfer of momentum to the housing, also accelerating the bolt rearward when the pawl is trigger-released as the spring extends.

18. A training firearm, simulating an actual firearm, having a housing and a trigger accessible from external the housing and in the housing a bolt chamber with first and second ends and a bolt movable in the bolt chamber, the improvement comprising: a. said bolt being of material having a high magnetic susceptibility with a bolt rest position toward said bolt chamber first end and a second position toward the bolt chamber second end; b. an electric coil within the housing at or near the bolt chamber first end, said bolt movable axially within said electric coil, the electric coil being positioned in or about the bolt chamber to accelerate the bolt from the bolt second position toward the chamber first end to the bolt rest position by a magnetic field generated by the electric coil when it is energized with electric current passing therethrough; c. an electrical power source electrically connected to said electric coil, interruptible by a trigger switch, the trigger switch being open when the bolt is in its rest position and closed when the bolt is in the bolt second position to provide connection between the electrical power source and the electric coil therein creating said magnetic field that accelerates the bolt back to its rest position, the bolt rest position being that position in the bolt chamber having maximum magnetic inductance in the electric coil and bolt when the electric coil is energized; d. a mechanism for mechanically accelerating the bolt from its rest position upon pull of the trigger; e. a stop in the housing impacted by the accelerated bolt at its second position, the bolt imparting its momentum to the housing therein creating a simulated primary recoil.

19. The training firearm of claim 18 wherein a mechanism for mechanically accelerating the bolt from its rest position upon pull of the trigger comprises a spring in the bolt chamber first end compressed by the bolt as it moves in the bolt chamber to the bolt position, secured there by a pawl engaging the bolt at the rest position, the pawl being withdrawn from said engagement with the bolt by pull of the trigger, the spring also moderating deceleration of the bolt in the electric coil and storing its potential energy in the spring and moderating transfer of momentum to the housing, the spring accelerating the bolt to the bolt second position as the spring extends when the pawl is disengaged from the bolt, upon pull of the trigger, the accelerated bolt decelerating abruptly to a stop at the bolt second position imparting momentum of the accelerated bolt to the housing therein creating a simulated primary recoil.

20. Training firearm of claim 18 wherein the bolt bounces from the stop back toward its rest position, supplementing the magnetic pull of the electric coil on the bolt back to its rest position.