WO2009024698A2 - Refrigeration compressor with variable speed spirals - Google Patents

Refrigeration compressor with variable speed spirals Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009024698A2
WO2009024698A2 PCT/FR2008/051391 FR2008051391W WO2009024698A2 WO 2009024698 A2 WO2009024698 A2 WO 2009024698A2 FR 2008051391 W FR2008051391 W FR 2008051391W WO 2009024698 A2 WO2009024698 A2 WO 2009024698A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
volute
shutter
oil
cartridge
orifice
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2008/051391
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009024698A3 (en
Inventor
Pierre Ginies
Yves Rosson
Jean-Paul Bodart
Original Assignee
Danfoss Commercial Compressors
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss Commercial Compressors filed Critical Danfoss Commercial Compressors
Priority to DE602008004542T priority Critical patent/DE602008004542D1/en
Priority to AT08827911T priority patent/ATE495365T1/en
Priority to CN2008801100601A priority patent/CN101815872B/en
Priority to EP08827911A priority patent/EP2174012B1/en
Publication of WO2009024698A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009024698A2/en
Publication of WO2009024698A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009024698A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/023—Lubricant distribution through a hollow driving shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/028—Means for improving or restricting lubricant flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/025—Lubrication; Lubricant separation using a lubricant pump

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable speed scroll compressor.
  • the document FR 2 885 966 describes a scroll compressor, also known by the term Scroll compressor, comprising a sealed enclosure delimited by a shell, and containing a suction volume and a compression volume respectively arranged on either side of a body contained in the enclosure.
  • the shell defining the sealed enclosure comprises a refrigerant gas inlet.
  • An electric motor is arranged in the sealed enclosure, with a stator located on the outer side, mounted fixed relative to the ferrule, and a rotor disposed in central position, integral with a drive shaft, crankshaft-shaped, of which a first end drives an oil pump supplying, from oil contained in a housing located in the lower part of the enclosure, a lubrication duct formed in the central part of the shaft.
  • the lubrication duct has lubrication holes at different guide bearings of the drive shaft.
  • the compression volume contains a compression stage comprising a fixed volute equipped with a spiral engaged in a spiral of a moving volute, the two spirals delimiting at least one compression chamber of variable volume.
  • the second end of the drive shaft is equipped with an eccentric driving the moving volute in an orbital motion, to achieve the compression of the refrigerant gas sucked. From a practical point of view, refrigerant gas arrives from outside and enters the sealed enclosure. Part of the gas is sucked directly towards the compression volume, while the other part of the gas passes through the engine before flowing towards the compression stage.
  • All the incoming gas is directly to the compression stage, or after passing through the engine, is sucked by the compression stage, penetrating into at least one compression chamber defined by the two spirals, the inlet is forming at the periphery of the compression stage, and the gas being conveyed towards the center of the spirals as compression occurs by decreasing the volume of the compression chambers, resulting from the movement of the mobile scroll relative to the fixed scroll.
  • the gas compressed leaves in central part in the direction of the compressed gas recovery chamber.
  • the refrigerant gas entering the compressor can be charged with oil, this oil can come for example leaks bearings, licking the surface of the oil sump by gas .
  • oil content in the refrigerant gas changes according to the rotational speed of the rotor of the electric motor.
  • the amount of circulating oil with the refrigerant gas is low, which can degrade the performance of the compressor and reduces the lubrication of the various parts of the compressor.
  • US 6,287,099 discloses a variable speed scroll coiled compressor comprising a drive shaft having an oil supply conduit extending the full length thereof, the oil supply conduit being fed in oil from oil contained in an oil sump by an oil pump disposed at a first end of the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft comprises a transverse orifice, one end of which opens into the feed duct and the other end of which opens into the wall of the shaft, in an area thereof located in the volume of the shaft. suction.
  • the compressor described in US Pat. No. 6,287,099 also comprises a shutter arranged to close the transverse orifice when the speed of the compressor is less than a predetermined value and to move and release, under the effect of a centrifugal force, the transverse orifice when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value.
  • the shutter closes the transverse orifice.
  • all of the oil entering the feed conduit is forced toward the second end of the drive shaft and injected into the compression volume.
  • the shutter releases the transverse orifice.
  • a portion of the oil having entered the feed pipe is discharged through the transverse orifice and is therefore not injected into the compression volume.
  • the transverse orifice no longer allows to divert a sufficient amount of oil to the oil sump. This can result in a large amount of oil in the compression volume and thus an excessive oil level in the refrigerant gas leaving the compressor.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, and its purpose is to provide a scroll compressor with variable speed that is simple in structure, while allowing a precise control of the injection of oil into the compression volume.
  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor with variable speed, comprising:
  • a sealed enclosure delimiting a suction volume and a compression volume respectively disposed on either side of a body contained in the chamber, the compression volume containing a first volute and a second volute, the first and second scrolls describing relative orbital motion
  • an oil injection circuit arranged for injecting oil into the compression volume
  • a drive shaft comprising an oil feed duct running the entire length thereof, supplied with oil from oil contained in an oil sump by an oil pump arranged at a first end of the shaft, the second end of the drive shaft being equipped with a drive device, in an orbital motion, of the second volute contained in the compression volume, characterized in that the second volute comprises oil injection means arranged to put the supply duct in communication with the compression volume, and in that the oil injection circuit comprises a movable shutter, under the effect of a force centrifugal, between a first release position of the oil injection means for an oil injection into the compression volume and a second closed position of the oil injection means preventing oil injection into the compression volume, the shutter being arranged to move in its second position when the compressor speed exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the presence of the shutter in the oil injection circuit allows precise control of the injection of oil into the compression volume. Indeed, as long as the speed of the compressor is low and therefore less than the predetermined value, the shutter allows the injection of oil into the compression volume while it prevents this injection of oil when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value.
  • the compressor according to the invention makes it possible to increase the quantity of oil present in the compression volume and therefore the oil content in the refrigerant gas only when the speed of the compressor is low and below the predetermined value.
  • the compressor according to the invention consequently makes it possible to improve the low speed performance of the variable speed compressor without impairing the efficiency thereof at high speed.
  • the oil injection circuit comprises return means arranged on the one hand to maintain the shutter in its first position when the speed of the compressor is less than the predetermined value, and on the other hand to allow a displacement shutter in its second position when the compressor speed exceeds the predetermined value.
  • the second end of the drive shaft comprises a housing in which the shutter is received
  • the injection means formed in the second volute comprise an orifice opening at the level of the second end of the drive shaft
  • the shutter is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice formed in the second volute when it is in its second position, and on the other hand to release the orifice formed in the second volute when in its first position.
  • the shutter comprises a through orifice arranged on the one hand to be located opposite the orifice formed in the second volute when the shutter is in its first position, and on the other hand, to be offset from the orifice in the second volute when the shutter is in its second position.
  • the return means comprise a spring disposed in the housing formed in the drive shaft, the two ends of the spring respectively bearing against the shutter and the drive shaft.
  • the second volute bears against the body
  • the compressor also comprises a cartridge disposed between the second volute and the body and in which the shutter is received, the cartridge being connected to the body and to the second volute through first and second rotational links, the distance between the axes of the two rotating links being equal to the orbit radius of the second volute, and the cartridge being rotated around the one of the links in rotation during the relative movement between the second volute and the body.
  • the cartridge is cylindrical and is rotatably mounted in a housing of complementary shape formed in one of the elements of the body and the second volute, this mounting of the cartridge in the housing forming a rotational connection merged with the axis of the cartridge.
  • the cartridge comprises an orifice in which is received a pin mounted in the other element of the body and the second volute, this pin forming a rotational connection offset from the axis of the cartridge.
  • the oil injection circuit may according to one embodiment of the invention comprise an oil supply duct disposed inside the sealed chamber and opening on the one hand into the casing. oil and secondly in the housing receiving the cartridge.
  • the return means comprise a spring disposed in the cartridge, the two ends of the spring respectively bearing against the shutter and the cartridge.
  • the oil injection means comprise a first injection channel formed in the second volute, one end of which opens out at the second end of the supply duct and whose Another end opens into the housing receiving the cartridge, an orifice formed in the second volute, one end of which opens into the housing receiving the cartridge and the other end of which opens into a second injection channel formed in the second volute.
  • the second injection channel opening into the compression volume, and the shutter is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice formed in the second volute when it is in its second position, and on the other hand to release the orifice in the second volute when it is in its first position.
  • the shutter comprises a through orifice arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first injection channel and the orifice formed in the second volute when the shutter is in its first position, and secondly for be offset from the orifice in the second volute when the shutter is in its second position.
  • the oil injection means comprise a first injection channel formed in the second volute, one of whose ends opens at the second end of the supply duct and whose the other end opens into the housing receiving the cartridge, a second injection channel formed in the second volute, one end of which opens into the housing receiving the cartridge and the other end of which opens into the compression volume, and the cartridge comprises a through orifice arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first and second injection channels formed in the second volute when the shutter is in its first position, and on the other hand to be closed by the shutter when he is in his second position.
  • the housing receiving the cartridge is formed in the body and the pin is mounted in the second volute, and the end of the first injection channel opening into the housing receiving the cartridge forms an orifice in which is mounted the pin, the pin comprising a through bore arranged to communicate the first injection channel with the through hole in the cartridge when the shutter is in its first position.
  • the oil injection means are arranged to feed the oil interface between the body and the second volute when the shutter is in the first position.
  • the first and second volutes delimit at least one variable volume compression chamber, and the oil injection means are arranged for injecting oil into an inlet portion of the compression chamber when the shutter is in the first position.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first compressor.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are partial views in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of the compressor of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a second compressor.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are partial views in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of the compressor of Figure 4.
  • Figures 7 and 8 are partial views in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of a third compressor.
  • Figure 1 depicts a variable speed scroll compressor operating in a vertical position.
  • the compressor according to the invention could occupy an inclined position, or a horizontal position, without its structure being significantly modified.
  • the compressor shown in FIG. 1 comprises a sealed enclosure delimited by a shell 2 whose upper and lower ends are respectively closed by a cover 3 and a base 4.
  • the assembly of this enclosure can be achieved in particular by means of welding beads.
  • the intermediate portion of the compressor is occupied by a body 5 which delimits two volumes, a suction volume located below the body 5, and a compression volume disposed above it.
  • the ferrule 2 comprises a refrigerant gas inlet 6 opening into the suction volume to achieve the supply of gas to the compressor.
  • the body 5 serves for mounting a compression stage 7 of the refrigerant gas.
  • This compression stage 7 comprises a fixed volute 8 equipped with a fixed spiral 9 facing downwards, and a mobile volute 10 bearing against the body 5 and equipped with a spiral 11 facing upwards.
  • the two spirals 9 and 11 of the two volutes interpenetrate to provide compression chambers 12 of variable volume.
  • the admission of the gas into the compression stage is made from the outside, the compression chambers 12 having a variable volume which decreases from the outside towards the inside, during the movement of the mobile volute 10 with respect to the fixed scroll 8, the compressed gas escaping in the center of the scrolls through an opening 13 formed in the fixed scroll 8 towards a chamber 14 at high pressure from which it is discharged through a connector 15.
  • the compressor comprises a electric motor arranged in the suction volume. The speed variation of the electric motor can be achieved by means of a variable frequency electric generator.
  • the electric motor comprises a stator 16 at the center of which is disposed a rotor 17.
  • the rotor 17 is integral with a drive shaft 20 whose upper end is offset in the manner of a crankshaft. This upper part is engaged in a portion 21 in the form of a sleeve, which comprises the mobile volute 10.
  • the drive shaft 20 drives the moving volute 10 in an orbital motion.
  • the lower end of the drive shaft 20 drives an oil pump 22 feeding, from oil contained in a housing 23 delimited by the base 4, an oil supply conduit 24 formed in the central portion of the drive shaft.
  • the supply duct 24 is off-center and extends over the entire length of the drive shaft 20.
  • the upper end of the drive shaft 20 comprises a housing 25 in which is slidably mounted a shutter 26, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the shutter 26 is disposed in the compression volume.
  • the shutter 26 is constituted by a movable slide valve, under the effect of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the drive shaft 20, between a first position (shown in FIGS. injecting oil into the compression volume and a second position (shown in Figure 3) preventing the injection of oil into the compression volume.
  • the oil injection circuit comprises return means arranged on the one hand to maintain the shutter 26 in its first position when the speed of the compressor is less than a predetermined value, and on the other hand to allow a displacement of the shutter 26 in its second position when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value.
  • the return means consist of a compression spring 27 disposed in the housing 25, the two ends of the spring 27 respectively bearing against the shutter 26 and the drive shaft 20.
  • the movable scroll 10 comprises oil injection means arranged on the one hand for communicating the supply duct 24 with the compression volume and on the other hand for supplying the interface with the oil to the body 5 and the movable volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position.
  • the injection means formed in the mobile scroll 10 comprise a rectilinear injection channel 28 extending into the base of the mobile scroll, a first orifice 29 opening respectively into the injection channel 28 and at the second end. of the drive shaft 20, and second and third orifices 30 opening respectively into the injection channel 28 and into the inlet portion of the compression chambers 12.
  • the injection means formed in the mobile scroll 10 comprise also fourth and fifth orifices 60 opening respectively into the injection channel 28 and into the interface between the body 5 and the mobile volute 10.
  • the shutter 26 comprises a through orifice 31 arranged on the one hand to be located opposite the first orifice 29 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position, and secondly to be shifted from the first orifice 29 when the shutter 26 is in its second position.
  • the through orifice 31 makes it possible to put the supply duct 24 into communication with the injection channel 28 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position.
  • the shutter 26 closes the first orifice 29 formed in the moving volute 10 when it is in its second position.
  • the compressor comprises a second compression spring 32 respectively bearing against the drive shaft 20 and the lower face of the shutter 26, this second spring 32 being arranged to keep the shutter 26 pressed against the moving volute 10 during its displacements so as to seal the orifice 29 when the shutter 26 is in its second position.
  • the rotor 17 rotates the drive shaft 20 and the oil pump 22 feeds, from oil contained in the housing 23, the lubrication pipe 24. Due to the rotation of the drive shaft 20, the oil pumped by the pump 22 will flow into the lubrication line 24 towards the shutter 26. As long as the speed of the compressor is lower at the predetermined value, the compression spring 27 holds the shutter 26 in its first position.
  • the through orifice 31 formed in the shutter is disposed facing the orifice 29 formed in the moving volute 10 and thus allows on the one hand an injection of oil into the compression volume via injection channel 28 and orifices 30, and secondly a supply of oil to the interface between the body 5 and the mobile scroll through the injection channel 28 and orifices 60.
  • the shutter 26 compresses, under the effect of its weight and centrifugal force, the compression spring 27 and moves to its second position.
  • the orifice 29 is closed off by the shutter 26 and thus the oil having penetrated into the supply duct 24 can no longer flow into the compression volume.
  • the compressor according to the invention makes it possible to increase the quantity of oil present in the compression volume and therefore the oil content in the refrigerant gas only when the speed of the compressor is low and less than the predetermined value.
  • the present invention improves the low speed performance of the variable speed compressor without impairing its efficiency at high speed.
  • the oil having entered the feed pipe 24 is discharged on the one hand at the upper bearing 33 and serves for its lubrication, and d secondly via a radial orifice 34 formed in the drive shaft 20, one end of which opens into the supply duct 24 and the other end of which opens into the wall of the shaft 20, at the rotor 17.
  • Figures 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the compressor comprises a cylindrical cartridge 35 mounted free to rotate about its axis A in a housing 36 of complementary shape formed in the mobile volute 10 and opening in the face thereof facing the body 5.
  • the cartridge 35 is rotated about its axis A, during the relative orbital movement between the mobile volute 10 and the body 5, via a pin 37 integral with the body 5 and received in a hole 38 of complementary shape formed in the cartridge 35. It should be noted that the cartridge 35 is mounted free to rotate about the axis B of the pin 37.
  • the cartridge 35 is rotated about its axis A during the relative movement between the body 5 and the moving volute 10 because the distance between the axis A of the cartridge 35 and the axis B of the pin 37 is equal. to the orbit radius of the moving volute 10.
  • the cartridge 35 comprises a housing 39 in which the shutter 26 is slidably mounted.
  • the shutter 26 is constituted by a movable shutter slide, under the effect of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the cartridge 35, between a first position (shown in Figures 4 and 5) for injecting oil into the compression volume and a second position (shown in Figure 6) preventing the injection of oil into the compression volume.
  • the return means arranged are constituted by a compression spring 40 disposed in the housing 39 receiving the shutter 26, the two ends of the spring 40 respectively bearing against the shutter 26 and the cartridge 35.
  • the oil injection means arranged to put the supply duct 24 in communication with the compression volume when the shutter 26 is in its first position comprise:
  • an orifice 42 formed in the mobile volute 10 one end of which opens into the housing 36 receiving the cartridge 35 and the other end of which opens into a second injection channel 43 formed in the mobile volute 10, the second channel injection 43 opening on the one hand in the inlet portion of the compression chambers 12 via two injection ports 44, and secondly in the interface between the body 5 and the moving volute 10 through an orifice 61.
  • the shutter 26 is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice 42 formed in the mobile volute 10 when it is in its second position, and secondly to release it when he is in his first position.
  • the shutter 26 comprises a through orifice 45 arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first injection channel 41 and the orifice 42 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position, and of on the other hand, to be offset from the orifice 42 formed in the moving volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its second position.
  • the through orifice 45 makes it possible to put the supply duct 24 in communication with the second injection channel 43 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position.
  • the compression spring 40 keeps the shutter 26 in its first position.
  • the through orifice 45 formed in the shutter 26 is arranged facing the orifice 42 formed in the moving volute 10 and thus allows on the one hand an injection of oil into the compression volume by the intermediate of the injection channels 41, 43 and orifices 44, and secondly an oil supply of the interface between the body 5 and the moving volute 10 via the injection channels 41, 43 and the orifice 61.
  • the shutter 26 compresses, under the effect of its mass and the centrifugal force, the compression spring 40 and moves in its second position.
  • the orifice 42 is closed off by the shutter 26 and thus that the oil having penetrated into the feed duct 24 can no longer flow into the compression volume.
  • FIGS. 7 to 8 show a third embodiment of the invention which differs from the second embodiment essentially in that the cartridge 35 is mounted free to rotate about its axis A in a housing 46 of complementary shape formed in the body 5 and opening in the face thereof facing the mobile volute 10.
  • the cartridge 35 is rotated about its axis A, during the relative orbital movement between the mobile volute 10 and the body 5, via a pin 47 integral with the movable scroll 10 and received in a hole 38 of complementary shape in the cartridge 35.
  • the oil injection means comprise:
  • first injection channel 48 formed in the moving volute 10, one end of which opens out at the second end of the supply duct 24 and the other end of which forms an orifice in which the pin 47 is mounted, the pin 47 comprising a through bore 49 opening respectively into the first injection channel 48 and into the housing 46 receiving the cartridge,
  • the cartridge 35 comprises a through orifice 51 arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first and second injection channels 48, 50 formed in the mobile volute 10 via the bore 49 when the shutter 26 is in its first position, and secondly to be closed by the shutter when in its second position.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments of this refrigeration compressor, described above as examples, it encompasses all the variants.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigeration compressor having a sealed housing defining a suction volume and a compression volume respectively provided on either side of a body (5) contained in the housing, and an oil injection circuit adapted for injecting oil into the compression volume. The oil injection circuit includes a stopper (26) mobile under the action of a centrifugal force between a first position for injecting oil into the compression volume and a second position preventing or limiting the injection of oil into the compression volume, wherein the stopper (26) is adapted so as to move into the second position when the speed of the compressor exceeds a predetermined value.

Description

Compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable Variable Speed Spiral Compressor Compressor
La présente invention a pour objet un compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable.The present invention relates to a variable speed scroll compressor.
Le document FR 2 885 966 décrit un compresseur à spirales, encore connu sous le terme de compresseur Scroll, comprenant une enceinte étanche délimitée par une virole, et contenant un volume d'aspiration et un volume de compression disposés respectivement de part et d'autre d'un corps contenu dans l'enceinte. La virole délimitant l'enceinte étanche comprend une entrée de gaz frigorigène. Un moteur électrique est disposé dans l'enceinte étanche, avec un stator situé du côté extérieur, monté fixe par rapport à la virole, et un rotor disposé en position centrale, solidaire d'un arbre d'entraînement, en forme de vilebrequin, dont une première extrémité entraîne une pompe à huile alimentant, à partir d'huile contenue dans un carter situé dans la partie inférieure de l'enceinte, un conduit de lubrification ménagé dans la partie centrale de l'arbre. Le conduit de lubrification comporte des orifices de lubrification au niveau de différents paliers de guidage de l'arbre d'entraînement.The document FR 2 885 966 describes a scroll compressor, also known by the term Scroll compressor, comprising a sealed enclosure delimited by a shell, and containing a suction volume and a compression volume respectively arranged on either side of a body contained in the enclosure. The shell defining the sealed enclosure comprises a refrigerant gas inlet. An electric motor is arranged in the sealed enclosure, with a stator located on the outer side, mounted fixed relative to the ferrule, and a rotor disposed in central position, integral with a drive shaft, crankshaft-shaped, of which a first end drives an oil pump supplying, from oil contained in a housing located in the lower part of the enclosure, a lubrication duct formed in the central part of the shaft. The lubrication duct has lubrication holes at different guide bearings of the drive shaft.
Le volume de compression contient un étage de compression comprenant une volute fixe équipée d'une spirale engagée dans une spirale d'une volute mobile, les deux spirales délimitant au moins une chambre de compression de volume variable. La seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement est équipée d'un excentrique entraînant la volute mobile suivant un mouvement orbital, pour réaliser la compression du gaz frigorigène aspiré. D'un point de vue pratique, du gaz frigorigène arrive de l'extérieur et pénètre dans l'enceinte étanche. Une partie du gaz est directement aspirée en direction du volume de compression, tandis que l'autre partie du gaz passe à travers le moteur avant de s'écouler en direction de l'étage de compression. L'ensemble du gaz arrivant soit directement à l'étage de compression, soit après passage à travers le moteur, est aspiré par l'étage de compression, pénétrant dans au moins une chambre de compression délimitée par les deux spirales, l'entrée se faisant en périphérie de l'étage de compression, et le gaz étant véhiculé vers le centre des spirales au fur et à mesure que se produit la compression par diminution du volume des chambres de compression, résultant du mouvement de la volute mobile par rapport à la volute fixe. Le gaz comprimé sort en partie centrale en direction de la chambre de récupération du gaz comprimé.The compression volume contains a compression stage comprising a fixed volute equipped with a spiral engaged in a spiral of a moving volute, the two spirals delimiting at least one compression chamber of variable volume. The second end of the drive shaft is equipped with an eccentric driving the moving volute in an orbital motion, to achieve the compression of the refrigerant gas sucked. From a practical point of view, refrigerant gas arrives from outside and enters the sealed enclosure. Part of the gas is sucked directly towards the compression volume, while the other part of the gas passes through the engine before flowing towards the compression stage. All the incoming gas is directly to the compression stage, or after passing through the engine, is sucked by the compression stage, penetrating into at least one compression chamber defined by the two spirals, the inlet is forming at the periphery of the compression stage, and the gas being conveyed towards the center of the spirals as compression occurs by decreasing the volume of the compression chambers, resulting from the movement of the mobile scroll relative to the fixed scroll. The gas compressed leaves in central part in the direction of the compressed gas recovery chamber.
Selon les configurations internes d'écoulement de ce type de compresseur, le gaz frigorigène entrant dans le compresseur peut se charger en huile, cette huile peut provenir par exemple des fuites des paliers, du léchage de la surface du carter d'huile par le gaz.According to the internal flow configurations of this type of compressor, the refrigerant gas entering the compressor can be charged with oil, this oil can come for example leaks bearings, licking the surface of the oil sump by gas .
Il doit être noté que le taux d'huile dans le gaz frigorigène évolue en fonction de la vitesse de rotation du rotor du moteur électrique.It should be noted that the oil content in the refrigerant gas changes according to the rotational speed of the rotor of the electric motor.
Ainsi, à faible vitesse de rotation du rotor, la quantité d'huile en circulation avec le gaz frigorigène est faible, ce qui peut dégrader les performances du compresseur et réduit la lubrification des différentes pièces du compresseur.Thus, at low rotational speed of the rotor, the amount of circulating oil with the refrigerant gas is low, which can degrade the performance of the compressor and reduces the lubrication of the various parts of the compressor.
En revanche, à forte vitesse de rotation du rotor, le taux d'huile dans le gaz frigorigène sortant du compresseur peut devenir excessif. La conséquence directe de ce taux excessif d'huile dans le gaz est une perte d'efficacité de l'échange thermique des échangeurs situés en aval du compresseur, compte tenu du fait que les gouttelettes d'huile contenues dans le gaz ont tendance à se déposer sur les échangeurs et à former une couche d'huile sur ces derniers. De plus, un taux excessif d'huile dans le gaz peut également entraîner un vidage du carter d'huile, ce qui pourrait conduire à la destruction du compresseur.On the other hand, at high rotation speed of the rotor, the oil content in the refrigerant gas leaving the compressor can become excessive. The direct consequence of this excessive rate of oil in the gas is a loss of efficiency of the heat exchange of the exchangers located downstream of the compressor, given the fact that the oil droplets contained in the gas tend to place on the exchangers and form a layer of oil on them. In addition, excessive oil in the gas can also cause the oil sump to empty, which could lead to the destruction of the compressor.
Le document US 6 287 099 décrit un compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable comprenant un arbre d'entraînement comportant un conduit d'alimentation en huile s'étendant sur toute la longueur de celui-ci, le conduit d'alimentation en huile étant alimenté en huile à partir d'huile contenue dans un carter d'huile par une pompe à huile disposée à une première extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement. L'arbre d'entraînement comprend un orifice transversal dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le conduit d'alimentation et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans la paroi de l'arbre, dans une zone de celui-ci située dans le volume d'aspiration.US 6,287,099 discloses a variable speed scroll coiled compressor comprising a drive shaft having an oil supply conduit extending the full length thereof, the oil supply conduit being fed in oil from oil contained in an oil sump by an oil pump disposed at a first end of the drive shaft. The drive shaft comprises a transverse orifice, one end of which opens into the feed duct and the other end of which opens into the wall of the shaft, in an area thereof located in the volume of the shaft. suction.
Le compresseur décrit dans le document US 6 287 099 comprend également un obturateur agencé pour obturer l'orifice transversal lorsque la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée et pour se déplacer et libérer, sous l'effet d'une force centrifuge, l'orifice transversal lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée. Ainsi, tant que la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, l'obturateur obture l'orifice transversal. Il en résulte que la totalité de l'huile ayant pénétrée dans le conduit d'alimentation est forcé vers la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement et injectée dans le volume de compression. Lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée, l'obturateur libère l'orifice transversal. Il en résulte qu'une partie de l'huile ayant pénétrée dans le conduit d'alimentation est évacuée par l'orifice transversal et n'est donc pas injectée dans le volume de compression.The compressor described in US Pat. No. 6,287,099 also comprises a shutter arranged to close the transverse orifice when the speed of the compressor is less than a predetermined value and to move and release, under the effect of a centrifugal force, the transverse orifice when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value. Thus, as long as the speed of the compressor is lower than the predetermined value, the shutter closes the transverse orifice. As a result, all of the oil entering the feed conduit is forced toward the second end of the drive shaft and injected into the compression volume. When the compressor speed exceeds the predetermined value, the shutter releases the transverse orifice. As a result, a portion of the oil having entered the feed pipe is discharged through the transverse orifice and is therefore not injected into the compression volume.
Par conséquent, le compresseur décrit dans le document US 6 287 099 permet de limiter l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée.Therefore, the compressor described in US 6,287,099 limits the injection of oil into the compression volume when the compressor speed exceeds the predetermined value.
Le compresseur décrit dans le document US 6 287 099 présente cependant un désavantage lié à la structure de l'arbre d'entraînement et de l'obturateur.The compressor described in US 6 287 099, however, has a disadvantage related to the structure of the drive shaft and the shutter.
En effet, lorsque la vitesse du compresseur devient importante et dépasse une valeur de seuil, l'orifice transversal ne permet plus de dériver une quantité suffisante d'huile vers le carter d'huile. Il peut en résulter une importante quantité d'huile dans le volume de compression et donc un taux d'huile excessif dans le gaz frigorigène sortant du compresseur.Indeed, when the speed of the compressor becomes large and exceeds a threshold value, the transverse orifice no longer allows to divert a sufficient amount of oil to the oil sump. This can result in a large amount of oil in the compression volume and thus an excessive oil level in the refrigerant gas leaving the compressor.
La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients, et elle a pour but de fournir un compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable qui soit de structure simple, tout en permettant un contrôle avec précision de l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression. A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable, comprenant :The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, and its purpose is to provide a scroll compressor with variable speed that is simple in structure, while allowing a precise control of the injection of oil into the compression volume. . For this purpose, the present invention relates to a scroll compressor with variable speed, comprising:
- une enceinte étanche délimitant un volume d'aspiration et un volume de compression disposés respectivement de part et d'autre d'un corps contenu dans l'enceinte, le volume de compression contenant une première volute et une seconde volute, les première et seconde volutes décrivant un mouvement relatif orbital,a sealed enclosure delimiting a suction volume and a compression volume respectively disposed on either side of a body contained in the chamber, the compression volume containing a first volute and a second volute, the first and second scrolls describing relative orbital motion,
- un circuit d'injection d'huile agencé pour injecter de l'huile dans le volume de compression,an oil injection circuit arranged for injecting oil into the compression volume,
- un arbre d'entraînement comportant un conduit d'alimentation en huile s'étendant sur toute la longueur de celui-ci, alimenté en huile à partir d'huile contenue dans un carter d'huile par une pompe à huile disposée à une première extrémité de l'arbre, la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement étant équipée d'un dispositif d'entraînement, suivant un mouvement orbital, de la seconde volute contenue dans le volume de compression, caractérisé en ce que la seconde volute comprend des moyens d'injection d'huile agencés pour mettre en communication le conduit d'alimentation avec le volume de compression, et en ce que le circuit d'injection d'huile comprend un obturateur mobile, sous l'effet d'une force centrifuge, entre une première position de libération des moyens d'injection d'huile permettant une injection d'huile dans le volume de compression et une seconde position d'obturation des moyens d'injection d'huile empêchant l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression, l'obturateur étant agencé pour se déplacer dans sa seconde position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse une valeur prédéterminée.a drive shaft comprising an oil feed duct running the entire length thereof, supplied with oil from oil contained in an oil sump by an oil pump arranged at a first end of the shaft, the second end of the drive shaft being equipped with a drive device, in an orbital motion, of the second volute contained in the compression volume, characterized in that the second volute comprises oil injection means arranged to put the supply duct in communication with the compression volume, and in that the oil injection circuit comprises a movable shutter, under the effect of a force centrifugal, between a first release position of the oil injection means for an oil injection into the compression volume and a second closed position of the oil injection means preventing oil injection into the compression volume, the shutter being arranged to move in its second position when the compressor speed exceeds a predetermined value.
La présence de l'obturateur dans le circuit d'injection d'huile permet un contrôle avec précision de l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression. En effet, tant que la vitesse du compresseur est faible et donc inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, l'obturateur permet l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression tandis qu'il empêche cette injection d'huile lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée. Ainsi, le compresseur selon l'invention permet d'augmenter la quantité d'huile présente dans le volume de compression et donc le taux d'huile dans le gaz frigorigène uniquement lorsque la vitesse du compresseur est faible et inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée.The presence of the shutter in the oil injection circuit allows precise control of the injection of oil into the compression volume. Indeed, as long as the speed of the compressor is low and therefore less than the predetermined value, the shutter allows the injection of oil into the compression volume while it prevents this injection of oil when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value. Thus, the compressor according to the invention makes it possible to increase the quantity of oil present in the compression volume and therefore the oil content in the refrigerant gas only when the speed of the compressor is low and below the predetermined value.
Le compresseur selon l'invention permet en conséquence d'améliorer les performances à basse vitesse du compresseur à vitesse variable sans nuire à l'efficacité de celui-ci à grande vitesse.The compressor according to the invention consequently makes it possible to improve the low speed performance of the variable speed compressor without impairing the efficiency thereof at high speed.
Avantageusement, le circuit d'injection d'huile comprend des moyens de rappel agencés d'une part pour maintenir l'obturateur dans sa première position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, et d'autre part pour permettre un déplacement de l'obturateur dans sa seconde position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée.Advantageously, the oil injection circuit comprises return means arranged on the one hand to maintain the shutter in its first position when the speed of the compressor is less than the predetermined value, and on the other hand to allow a displacement shutter in its second position when the compressor speed exceeds the predetermined value.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement comprend un logement dans le lequel est reçu l'obturateur, les moyens d'injection ménagés dans la seconde volute comprennent un orifice débouchant au niveau de la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement, et l'obturateur est agencé d'une part pour obturer l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa seconde position, et d'autre part pour libérer l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa première position. Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'obturateur comprend un orifice traversant agencé d'une part pour être situé en regard de l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être décalé de l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa seconde position. Avantageusement, les moyens de rappel comprennent un ressort disposé dans le logement ménagé dans l'arbre d'entraînement, les deux extrémités du ressort prenant respectivement appui contre l'obturateur et l'arbre d'entraînement.According to one embodiment of the invention, the second end of the drive shaft comprises a housing in which the shutter is received, the injection means formed in the second volute comprise an orifice opening at the level of the second end of the drive shaft, and the shutter is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice formed in the second volute when it is in its second position, and on the other hand to release the orifice formed in the second volute when in its first position. According to another embodiment of the invention, the shutter comprises a through orifice arranged on the one hand to be located opposite the orifice formed in the second volute when the shutter is in its first position, and on the other hand, to be offset from the orifice in the second volute when the shutter is in its second position. Advantageously, the return means comprise a spring disposed in the housing formed in the drive shaft, the two ends of the spring respectively bearing against the shutter and the drive shaft.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la seconde volute prend appui contre le corps, et le compresseur comprend également une cartouche disposée entre la seconde volute et le corps et dans laquelle est reçu l'obturateur, la cartouche étant liée au corps et à la seconde volute par l'intermédiaire d'une première et d'une seconde liaisons en rotation, la distance entre les axes des deux liaisons en rotation étant égale au rayon d'orbite de la seconde volute, et la cartouche étant entraînée en rotation autour de l'une des liaisons en rotation durant le mouvement relatif entre la seconde volute et le corps.According to another embodiment, the second volute bears against the body, and the compressor also comprises a cartridge disposed between the second volute and the body and in which the shutter is received, the cartridge being connected to the body and to the second volute through first and second rotational links, the distance between the axes of the two rotating links being equal to the orbit radius of the second volute, and the cartridge being rotated around the one of the links in rotation during the relative movement between the second volute and the body.
De préférence, la cartouche est cylindrique et est montée libre en rotation dans un logement de forme complémentaire ménagé dans l'un des éléments parmi le corps et la seconde volute, ce montage de la cartouche dans le logement formant une liaison en rotation confondue avec l'axe de la cartouche. La cartouche comprend un orifice dans lequel est reçue une broche montée dans l'autre élément parmi le corps et la seconde volute, cette broche formant une liaison en rotation décalée par rapport à l'axe de la cartouche. Dans ce cas, le circuit d'injection d'huile peut selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention comprendre un conduit d'alimentation en huile disposé à l'intérieur de l'enceinte étanche et débouchant d'une part dans le carter d'huile et d'autre part dans le logement recevant la cartouche.Preferably, the cartridge is cylindrical and is rotatably mounted in a housing of complementary shape formed in one of the elements of the body and the second volute, this mounting of the cartridge in the housing forming a rotational connection merged with the axis of the cartridge. The cartridge comprises an orifice in which is received a pin mounted in the other element of the body and the second volute, this pin forming a rotational connection offset from the axis of the cartridge. In this case, the oil injection circuit may according to one embodiment of the invention comprise an oil supply duct disposed inside the sealed chamber and opening on the one hand into the casing. oil and secondly in the housing receiving the cartridge.
Avantageusement, les moyens de rappel comprennent un ressort disposé dans la cartouche, les deux extrémités du ressort prenant respectivement appui contre l'obturateur et la cartouche. Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens d'injection d'huile comprennent un premier canal d'injection ménagé dans la seconde volute dont l'une des extrémités débouche au niveau de la seconde extrémité du conduit d'alimentation et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le logement recevant la cartouche, un orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le logement recevant la cartouche et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans un second canal d'injection ménagé dans la seconde volute, le second canal d'injection débouchant dans le volume de compression, et l'obturateur est agencé d'une part pour obturer l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa seconde position, et d'autre part pour libérer l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa première position.Advantageously, the return means comprise a spring disposed in the cartridge, the two ends of the spring respectively bearing against the shutter and the cartridge. According to another characteristic of the invention, the oil injection means comprise a first injection channel formed in the second volute, one end of which opens out at the second end of the supply duct and whose Another end opens into the housing receiving the cartridge, an orifice formed in the second volute, one end of which opens into the housing receiving the cartridge and the other end of which opens into a second injection channel formed in the second volute. , the second injection channel opening into the compression volume, and the shutter is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice formed in the second volute when it is in its second position, and on the other hand to release the orifice in the second volute when it is in its first position.
De préférence, l'obturateur comprend un orifice traversant agencé d'une part pour mettre en communication le premier canal d'injection et l'orifice ménagés dans la seconde volute lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être décalé de l'orifice ménagé dans la seconde volute lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa seconde position.Preferably, the shutter comprises a through orifice arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first injection channel and the orifice formed in the second volute when the shutter is in its first position, and secondly for be offset from the orifice in the second volute when the shutter is in its second position.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens d'injection d'huile comprennent un premier canal d'injection ménagé dans la seconde volute dont l'une des extrémités débouche au niveau de la seconde extrémité du conduit d'alimentation et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le logement recevant la cartouche, un second canal d'injection ménagé dans la seconde volute dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le logement recevant la cartouche et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le volume de compression, et la cartouche comprend un orifice traversant agencé d'une part pour mettre en communication les premier et second canaux d'injection ménagés dans la seconde volute lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être obturé par l'obturateur lorsqu'il est dans sa seconde position. De préférence, le logement recevant la cartouche est ménagé dans le corps et la broche est montée dans la seconde volute, et l'extrémité du premier canal d'injection débouchant dans le logement recevant la cartouche forme un orifice dans lequel est montée la broche, la broche comprenant un alésage traversant agencé pour mettre en communication le premier canal d'injection avec l'orifice traversant ménagé dans la cartouche lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa première position. Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens d'injection d'huile sont agencé pour alimenter en l'huile l'interface entre le corps et la seconde volute lorsque l'obturateur est dans la première position.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the oil injection means comprise a first injection channel formed in the second volute, one of whose ends opens at the second end of the supply duct and whose the other end opens into the housing receiving the cartridge, a second injection channel formed in the second volute, one end of which opens into the housing receiving the cartridge and the other end of which opens into the compression volume, and the cartridge comprises a through orifice arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first and second injection channels formed in the second volute when the shutter is in its first position, and on the other hand to be closed by the shutter when he is in his second position. Preferably, the housing receiving the cartridge is formed in the body and the pin is mounted in the second volute, and the end of the first injection channel opening into the housing receiving the cartridge forms an orifice in which is mounted the pin, the pin comprising a through bore arranged to communicate the first injection channel with the through hole in the cartridge when the shutter is in its first position. According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the oil injection means are arranged to feed the oil interface between the body and the second volute when the shutter is in the first position.
Avantageusement, les première et seconde volutes délimitent au moins une chambre de compression à volume variable, et les moyens d'injection d'huile sont agencés pour injecter de l'huile dans une portion d'entrée de la chambre de compression lorsque l'obturateur est dans la première position.Advantageously, the first and second volutes delimit at least one variable volume compression chamber, and the oil injection means are arranged for injecting oil into an inlet portion of the compression chamber when the shutter is in the first position.
De toute façon l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique indexé représentant, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, plusieurs formes d'exécution de ce compresseur à spirales.In any case the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the indexed schematic drawing showing, by way of nonlimiting examples, several embodiments of this scroll compressor.
Figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un premier compresseur. Figures 2 et 3 sont des vues partielles en coupe longitudinale, à échelle agrandie, du compresseur de figure 1.Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first compressor. Figures 2 and 3 are partial views in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of the compressor of Figure 1.
Figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe longitudinale d'un second compresseur.Figure 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a second compressor.
Figures 5 et 6 sont des vues partielles en coupe longitudinale, à échelle agrandie, du compresseur de figure 4.Figures 5 and 6 are partial views in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of the compressor of Figure 4.
Figures 7 et 8 sont des vues partielles en coupe longitudinale, à échelle agrandie, d'un troisième compresseur.Figures 7 and 8 are partial views in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of a third compressor.
Dans la description qui suit, les mêmes éléments sont désignés par les mêmes références dans les différentes formes d'exécution. La figure 1 décrit un compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable occupant une position verticale. Toutefois, le compresseur selon l'invention, pourrait occuper une position inclinée, ou une position horizontale, sans que sa structure soit modifiée d'une manière significative.In the description which follows, the same elements are designated by the same references in the different embodiments. Figure 1 depicts a variable speed scroll compressor operating in a vertical position. However, the compressor according to the invention could occupy an inclined position, or a horizontal position, without its structure being significantly modified.
Le compresseur représenté à la figure 1 comprend une enceinte étanche délimitée par une virole 2 dont les extrémités supérieure et inférieure sont fermées respectivement par un couvercle 3 et une embase 4.The compressor shown in FIG. 1 comprises a sealed enclosure delimited by a shell 2 whose upper and lower ends are respectively closed by a cover 3 and a base 4.
L'assemblage de cette enceinte peut être réalisé notamment au moyen de cordons de soudure.The assembly of this enclosure can be achieved in particular by means of welding beads.
La partie intermédiaire du compresseur est occupée par un corps 5 qui délimite deux volumes, un volume d'aspiration situé en dessous du corps 5, et un volume de compression disposé au-dessus de celui-ci. La virole 2 comprend une entrée de gaz frigorigène 6 débouchant dans le volume d'aspiration pour réaliser l'amenée de gaz au compresseur.The intermediate portion of the compressor is occupied by a body 5 which delimits two volumes, a suction volume located below the body 5, and a compression volume disposed above it. The ferrule 2 comprises a refrigerant gas inlet 6 opening into the suction volume to achieve the supply of gas to the compressor.
Le corps 5 sert au montage d'un étage de compression 7 du gaz frigorigène. Cet étage de compression 7 comprend une volute fixe 8 équipée d'une spirale fixe 9 tournée vers le bas, et une volute mobile 10 prenant appui contre le corps 5 et équipée d'une spirale 11 tournée vers le haut. Les deux spirales 9 et 11 des deux volutes s'interpénétrent pour ménager des chambres de compression 12 à volume variable. L'admission du gaz dans l'étage de compression se fait depuis l'extérieur, les chambres de compression 12 ayant un volume variable qui diminue de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, lors du mouvement de la volute mobile 10 par rapport à la volute fixe 8, le gaz comprimé s'échappant au centre des volutes par une ouverture 13 ménagée dans la volute fixe 8 en direction d'une chambre 14 à haute pression à partir de laquelle il est évacué par un raccord 15. Le compresseur comprend un moteur électrique disposé dans le volume d'aspiration. La variation de vitesse du moteur électrique peut être réalisée au moyen d'un générateur électrique à fréquence variable.The body 5 serves for mounting a compression stage 7 of the refrigerant gas. This compression stage 7 comprises a fixed volute 8 equipped with a fixed spiral 9 facing downwards, and a mobile volute 10 bearing against the body 5 and equipped with a spiral 11 facing upwards. The two spirals 9 and 11 of the two volutes interpenetrate to provide compression chambers 12 of variable volume. The admission of the gas into the compression stage is made from the outside, the compression chambers 12 having a variable volume which decreases from the outside towards the inside, during the movement of the mobile volute 10 with respect to the fixed scroll 8, the compressed gas escaping in the center of the scrolls through an opening 13 formed in the fixed scroll 8 towards a chamber 14 at high pressure from which it is discharged through a connector 15. The compressor comprises a electric motor arranged in the suction volume. The speed variation of the electric motor can be achieved by means of a variable frequency electric generator.
Le moteur électrique comprend un stator 16 au centre duquel est disposé un rotor 17. Le rotor 17 est solidaire d'un arbre d'entraînement 20 dont l'extrémité supérieure est désaxée à la façon d'un vilebrequin. Cette partie supérieure est engagée dans une partie 21 en forme de manchon, que comporte la volute mobile 10. Lors de son entraînement en rotation par le moteur, l'arbre d'entraînement 20 entraîne la volute mobile 10 suivant un mouvement orbital.The electric motor comprises a stator 16 at the center of which is disposed a rotor 17. The rotor 17 is integral with a drive shaft 20 whose upper end is offset in the manner of a crankshaft. This upper part is engaged in a portion 21 in the form of a sleeve, which comprises the mobile volute 10. During its driving in rotation by the motor, the drive shaft 20 drives the moving volute 10 in an orbital motion.
L'extrémité inférieure de l'arbre d'entraînement 20 entraîne une pompe à huile 22 alimentant, à partir d'huile contenue dans un carter 23 délimité par l'embase 4, un conduit d'alimentation en huile 24 ménagé dans la partie centrale de l'arbre d'entraînement. Le conduit d'alimentation 24 est désaxé et s'étend sur toute la longueur de l'arbre d'entraînement 20.The lower end of the drive shaft 20 drives an oil pump 22 feeding, from oil contained in a housing 23 delimited by the base 4, an oil supply conduit 24 formed in the central portion of the drive shaft. The supply duct 24 is off-center and extends over the entire length of the drive shaft 20.
L'extrémité supérieure de l'arbre d'entraînement 20 comprend un logement 25 dans le lequel est monté coulissant un obturateur 26, comme cela est montré sur la figure 2. Comme montré notamment sur la figure 1 , l'obturateur 26 est disposé dans le volume de compression. L'obturateur 26 est constitué par un tiroir d'obturation mobile, sous l'effet de la force centrifuge due à la rotation de l'arbre d'entraînement 20, entre une première position (représentée sur les figures 1 et 2) permettant une injection d'huile dans le volume de compression et une seconde position (représentée sur la figure 3) empêchant l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression.The upper end of the drive shaft 20 comprises a housing 25 in which is slidably mounted a shutter 26, as shown in Figure 2. As shown in particular in Figure 1, the shutter 26 is disposed in the compression volume. The shutter 26 is constituted by a movable slide valve, under the effect of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the drive shaft 20, between a first position (shown in FIGS. injecting oil into the compression volume and a second position (shown in Figure 3) preventing the injection of oil into the compression volume.
Le circuit d'injection d'huile comprend des moyens de rappel agencés d'une part pour maintenir l'obturateur 26 dans sa première position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée, et d'autre part pour permettre un déplacement de l'obturateur 26 dans sa seconde position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée.The oil injection circuit comprises return means arranged on the one hand to maintain the shutter 26 in its first position when the speed of the compressor is less than a predetermined value, and on the other hand to allow a displacement of the shutter 26 in its second position when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value.
Les moyens de rappel sont constitués par un ressort de compression 27 disposé dans le logement 25, les deux extrémités du ressort 27 prenant respectivement appui contre l'obturateur 26 et l'arbre d'entraînement 20.The return means consist of a compression spring 27 disposed in the housing 25, the two ends of the spring 27 respectively bearing against the shutter 26 and the drive shaft 20.
La volute mobile 10 comprend des moyens d'injection d'huile agencés d'une part pour mettre en communication le conduit d'alimentation 24 avec le volume de compression et d'autre part pour alimenter en l'huile l'interface entre le corps 5 et la volute mobile 10 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position.The movable scroll 10 comprises oil injection means arranged on the one hand for communicating the supply duct 24 with the compression volume and on the other hand for supplying the interface with the oil to the body 5 and the movable volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position.
Les moyens d'injection ménagés dans la volute mobile 10 comprennent un canal d'injection rectiligne 28 s'étendant dans la base de la volute mobile, un premier orifice 29 débouchant respectivement dans le canal d'injection 28 et au niveau de la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement 20, et des second et troisième orifices 30 débouchant respectivement dans le canal d'injection 28 et dans la portion d'entrée des chambres de compression 12. Les moyens d'injection ménagés dans la volute mobile 10 comprennent également des quatrième et cinquième orifices 60 débouchant respectivement dans le canal d'injection 28 et dans l'interface entre le corps 5 et la volute mobile 10.The injection means formed in the mobile scroll 10 comprise a rectilinear injection channel 28 extending into the base of the mobile scroll, a first orifice 29 opening respectively into the injection channel 28 and at the second end. of the drive shaft 20, and second and third orifices 30 opening respectively into the injection channel 28 and into the inlet portion of the compression chambers 12. The injection means formed in the mobile scroll 10 comprise also fourth and fifth orifices 60 opening respectively into the injection channel 28 and into the interface between the body 5 and the mobile volute 10.
L'obturateur 26 comprend un orifice traversant 31 agencé d'une part pour être situé en regard du premier orifice 29 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être décalé du premier orifice 29 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa seconde position. Ainsi, l'orifice traversant 31 permet de mettre en communication le conduit d'alimentation 24 avec le canal d'injection 28 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position.The shutter 26 comprises a through orifice 31 arranged on the one hand to be located opposite the first orifice 29 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position, and secondly to be shifted from the first orifice 29 when the shutter 26 is in its second position. Thus, the through orifice 31 makes it possible to put the supply duct 24 into communication with the injection channel 28 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position.
Il doit être noté que l'obturateur 26 obture le premier orifice 29 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa seconde position.It should be noted that the shutter 26 closes the first orifice 29 formed in the moving volute 10 when it is in its second position.
Le compresseur comprend un second ressort de compression 32 prenant respectivement appui contre l'arbre d'entraînement 20 et la face inférieure de l'obturateur 26, ce second ressort 32 étant agencé pour maintenir l'obturateur 26 plaqué contre la volute mobile 10 durant ses déplacements de manière à assurer une obturation étanche de l'orifice 29 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa seconde position.The compressor comprises a second compression spring 32 respectively bearing against the drive shaft 20 and the lower face of the shutter 26, this second spring 32 being arranged to keep the shutter 26 pressed against the moving volute 10 during its displacements so as to seal the orifice 29 when the shutter 26 is in its second position.
Le fonctionnement du compresseur à spirales va maintenant être décrit.The operation of the scroll compressor will now be described.
Lorsque le compresseur à spirales selon l'invention est mis en marche, le rotor 17 entraîne en rotation l'arbre d'entraînement 20 et la pompe à huile 22 alimente, à partir d'huile contenue dans le carter 23, le conduit de lubrification 24. Du fait de la rotation de l'arbre d'entraînement 20, l'huile pompée par la pompe 22 va s'écouler dans le conduite de lubrification 24 en direction de l'obturateur 26. Tant que la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, le ressort de compression 27 maintient l'obturateur 26 dans sa première position. Il en résulte que l'orifice traversant 31 ménagé dans l'obturateur est disposé en regard de l'orifice 29 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 et permet donc d'une part une injection d'huile dans le volume de compression par l'intermédiaire du canal d'injection 28 et des orifices 30, et d'autre part une alimentation en l'huile de l'interface entre le corps 5 et la volute mobile par l'intermédiaire du canal d'injection 28 et des orifices 60.When the scroll compressor according to the invention is started, the rotor 17 rotates the drive shaft 20 and the oil pump 22 feeds, from oil contained in the housing 23, the lubrication pipe 24. Due to the rotation of the drive shaft 20, the oil pumped by the pump 22 will flow into the lubrication line 24 towards the shutter 26. As long as the speed of the compressor is lower at the predetermined value, the compression spring 27 holds the shutter 26 in its first position. As a result, the through orifice 31 formed in the shutter is disposed facing the orifice 29 formed in the moving volute 10 and thus allows on the one hand an injection of oil into the compression volume via injection channel 28 and orifices 30, and secondly a supply of oil to the interface between the body 5 and the mobile scroll through the injection channel 28 and orifices 60.
Lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée, l'obturateur 26 comprime, sous l'effet de son poids et de la force centrifuge, le ressort de compression 27 et se déplace dans sa seconde position. Il en résulte que l'orifice 29 est obturé par l'obturateur 26 et donc que l'huile ayant pénétré dans le conduit d'alimentation 24 ne peut plus s'écouler dans le volume de compression.When the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value, the shutter 26 compresses, under the effect of its weight and centrifugal force, the compression spring 27 and moves to its second position. As a result, the orifice 29 is closed off by the shutter 26 and thus the oil having penetrated into the supply duct 24 can no longer flow into the compression volume.
Le compresseur selon l'invention permet d'augmenter la quantité d'huile présente dans le volume de compression et donc le taux d'huile dans le gaz frigorigène uniquement lorsque la vitesse du compresseur est faible et inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée. La présente invention permet d'améliorer les performances à basse vitesse du compresseur à vitesse variable sans nuire à l'efficacité de celui-ci à grande vitesse.The compressor according to the invention makes it possible to increase the quantity of oil present in the compression volume and therefore the oil content in the refrigerant gas only when the speed of the compressor is low and less than the predetermined value. The present invention improves the low speed performance of the variable speed compressor without impairing its efficiency at high speed.
Il doit être précisé que, lorsque l'obturateur 26 se trouve dans sa seconde position, l'huile ayant pénétrée dans le conduit d'alimentation 24 est évacuée d'une part au niveau du palier supérieur 33 et sert à sa lubrification, et d'autre part par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice radial 34 ménagé dans l'arbre d'entraînement 20 dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le conduit d'alimentation 24 et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans la paroi de l'arbre 20, au niveau du rotor 17.It should be noted that, when the shutter 26 is in its second position, the oil having entered the feed pipe 24 is discharged on the one hand at the upper bearing 33 and serves for its lubrication, and d secondly via a radial orifice 34 formed in the drive shaft 20, one end of which opens into the supply duct 24 and the other end of which opens into the wall of the shaft 20, at the rotor 17.
Les figures 4 à 6 représentent un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figures 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the invention.
Selon ce mode de réalisation, le compresseur comprend une cartouche cylindrique 35 montée libre en rotation autour de son axe A dans un logement 36 de forme complémentaire ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 et débouchant dans la face de celle-ci tournée vers le corps 5. La cartouche 35 est entraînée en rotation autour de son axe A, durant le mouvement orbital relatif entre la volute mobile 10 et le corps 5, par l'intermédiaire d'une broche 37 solidaire du corps 5 et reçue dans un orifice 38 de forme complémentaire ménagé dans la cartouche 35. Il doit être noté que la cartouche 35 est montée libre en rotation autour de l'axe B de la broche 37.According to this embodiment, the compressor comprises a cylindrical cartridge 35 mounted free to rotate about its axis A in a housing 36 of complementary shape formed in the mobile volute 10 and opening in the face thereof facing the body 5. The cartridge 35 is rotated about its axis A, during the relative orbital movement between the mobile volute 10 and the body 5, via a pin 37 integral with the body 5 and received in a hole 38 of complementary shape formed in the cartridge 35. It should be noted that the cartridge 35 is mounted free to rotate about the axis B of the pin 37.
La cartouche 35 est entraînée en rotation autour de son axe A durant le mouvement relatif entre le corps 5 et la volute mobile 10 du fait que la distance entre l'axe A de la cartouche 35 et l'axe B de la broche 37 est égale au rayon d'orbite de la volute mobile 10.The cartridge 35 is rotated about its axis A during the relative movement between the body 5 and the moving volute 10 because the distance between the axis A of the cartridge 35 and the axis B of the pin 37 is equal. to the orbit radius of the moving volute 10.
La cartouche 35 comprend un logement 39 dans lequel est monté coulissant l'obturateur 26. L'obturateur 26 est constitué par un tiroir d'obturation mobile, sous l'effet de la force centrifuge due à la rotation de la cartouche 35, entre une première position (représentée sur les figures 4 et 5) permettant une injection d'huile dans le volume de compression et une seconde position (représentée sur la figure 6) empêchant l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression.The cartridge 35 comprises a housing 39 in which the shutter 26 is slidably mounted. The shutter 26 is constituted by a movable shutter slide, under the effect of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the cartridge 35, between a first position (shown in Figures 4 and 5) for injecting oil into the compression volume and a second position (shown in Figure 6) preventing the injection of oil into the compression volume.
Selon ce mode de réalisation, les moyens de rappel agencés sont constitués par un ressort de compression 40 disposé dans le logement 39 recevant l'obturateur 26, les deux extrémités du ressort 40 prenant respectivement appui contre l'obturateur 26 et la cartouche 35. Les moyens de d'injection d'huile agencés pour mettre en communication le conduit d'alimentation 24 avec le volume de compression lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position comprennent :According to this embodiment, the return means arranged are constituted by a compression spring 40 disposed in the housing 39 receiving the shutter 26, the two ends of the spring 40 respectively bearing against the shutter 26 and the cartridge 35. The oil injection means arranged to put the supply duct 24 in communication with the compression volume when the shutter 26 is in its first position comprise:
- un premier canal d'injection 41 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 dont l'une des extrémités débouche au niveau de la seconde extrémité du conduit d'alimentation 24 et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le logement 36 recevant la cartouche 35,a first injection channel 41 formed in the mobile volute 10, one of its ends opening at the second end of the supply duct 24 and the other end of which opens into the housing 36 receiving the cartridge 35,
- un orifice 42 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le logement 36 recevant la cartouche 35 et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans un second canal d'injection 43 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10, le second canal d'injection 43 débouchant d'une part dans la portion d'entrée des chambres de compression 12 par l'intermédiaire de deux orifices d'injection 44, et d'autre part dans l'interface entre le corps 5 et la volute mobile 10 par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice 61. L'obturateur 26 est agencé d'une part pour obturer l'orifice 42 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa seconde position, et d'autre part pour le libérer lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa première position.an orifice 42 formed in the mobile volute 10, one end of which opens into the housing 36 receiving the cartridge 35 and the other end of which opens into a second injection channel 43 formed in the mobile volute 10, the second channel injection 43 opening on the one hand in the inlet portion of the compression chambers 12 via two injection ports 44, and secondly in the interface between the body 5 and the moving volute 10 through an orifice 61. The shutter 26 is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice 42 formed in the mobile volute 10 when it is in its second position, and secondly to release it when he is in his first position.
L'obturateur 26 comprend un orifice traversant 45 agencé d'une part pour mettre en communication le premier canal d'injection 41 et l'orifice 42 ménagés dans la volute mobile 10 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être décalé de l'orifice 42 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa seconde position.The shutter 26 comprises a through orifice 45 arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first injection channel 41 and the orifice 42 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position, and of on the other hand, to be offset from the orifice 42 formed in the moving volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its second position.
Ainsi, l'orifice traversant 45 permet de mettre en communication le conduit d'alimentation 24 avec le second canal d'injection 43 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position.Thus, the through orifice 45 makes it possible to put the supply duct 24 in communication with the second injection channel 43 formed in the mobile volute 10 when the shutter 26 is in its first position.
Le fonctionnement du compresseur à spirales selon ce second mode de réalisation va maintenant être décrit.The operation of the scroll compressor according to this second embodiment will now be described.
Tant que la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, le ressort de compression 40 maintient l'obturateur 26 dans sa première position. Il en résulte que l'orifice traversant 45 ménagé dans l'obturateur 26 est disposé en regard de l'orifice 42 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 et permet donc d'une part une injection d'huile dans le volume de compression par l'intermédiaire des canaux d'injection 41 , 43 et des orifices 44, et d'autre part une alimentation en huile de l'interface entre le corps 5 et la volute mobile 10 par l'intermédiaire des canaux d'injection 41 , 43 et de l'orifice 61. Lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée, l'obturateur 26 comprime, sous l'effet de sa masse et de la force centrifuge, le ressort de compression 40 et se déplace dans sa seconde position. Il en résulte que l'orifice 42 est obturé par l'obturateur 26 et donc que l'huile ayant pénétré dans le conduit d'alimentation 24 ne peut plus s'écouler dans le volume de compression.As long as the speed of the compressor is less than the predetermined value, the compression spring 40 keeps the shutter 26 in its first position. As a result, the through orifice 45 formed in the shutter 26 is arranged facing the orifice 42 formed in the moving volute 10 and thus allows on the one hand an injection of oil into the compression volume by the intermediate of the injection channels 41, 43 and orifices 44, and secondly an oil supply of the interface between the body 5 and the moving volute 10 via the injection channels 41, 43 and the orifice 61. When the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value, the shutter 26 compresses, under the effect of its mass and the centrifugal force, the compression spring 40 and moves in its second position. As a result, the orifice 42 is closed off by the shutter 26 and thus that the oil having penetrated into the feed duct 24 can no longer flow into the compression volume.
Les figures 7 à 8 représentent un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui diffère du second mode de réalisation essentiellement en ce que la cartouche 35 est montée libre en rotation autour de son axe A dans un logement 46 de forme complémentaire ménagé dans le corps 5 et débouchant dans la face de celui-ci tournée vers la volute mobile 10.FIGS. 7 to 8 show a third embodiment of the invention which differs from the second embodiment essentially in that the cartridge 35 is mounted free to rotate about its axis A in a housing 46 of complementary shape formed in the body 5 and opening in the face thereof facing the mobile volute 10.
La cartouche 35 est entraînée en rotation autour de son axe A, durant le mouvement orbital relatif entre la volute mobile 10 et le corps 5, par l'intermédiaire d'une broche 47 solidaire de la volute mobile 10 et reçue dans un orifice 38 de forme complémentaire ménagé dans la cartouche 35.The cartridge 35 is rotated about its axis A, during the relative orbital movement between the mobile volute 10 and the body 5, via a pin 47 integral with the movable scroll 10 and received in a hole 38 of complementary shape in the cartridge 35.
Selon ce mode de réalisation, les moyens d'injection d'huile comprennent :According to this embodiment, the oil injection means comprise:
- un premier canal d'injection 48 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 dont l'une des extrémités débouche au niveau de la seconde extrémité du conduit d'alimentation 24 et dont l'autre extrémité forme un orifice dans lequel est montée la broche 47, la broche 47 comprenant un alésage traversant 49 débouchant respectivement dans le premier canal d'injection 48 et dans le logement 46 recevant la cartouche,a first injection channel 48 formed in the moving volute 10, one end of which opens out at the second end of the supply duct 24 and the other end of which forms an orifice in which the pin 47 is mounted, the pin 47 comprising a through bore 49 opening respectively into the first injection channel 48 and into the housing 46 receiving the cartridge,
- un second canal d'injection 50 ménagé dans la volute mobile 10 dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le logement 46 recevant la cartouche et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans la portion d'entrée des chambres de compression 12.- A second injection channel 50 formed in the movable scroll 10, one end of which opens into the housing 46 receiving the cartridge and the other end of which opens into the inlet portion of the compression chambers 12.
La cartouche 35 comprend un orifice traversant 51 agencé d'une part pour mettre en communication les premier et second canaux d'injection 48, 50 ménagés dans la volute mobile 10 par l'intermédiaire de l'alésage 49 lorsque l'obturateur 26 est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être obturé par l'obturateur lorsqu'il est dans sa seconde position.The cartridge 35 comprises a through orifice 51 arranged on the one hand to put in communication the first and second injection channels 48, 50 formed in the mobile volute 10 via the bore 49 when the shutter 26 is in its first position, and secondly to be closed by the shutter when in its second position.
Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas aux seules formes d'exécution de ce compresseur frigorifique, décrites ci-dessus à titre d'exemples, elle en embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes de réalisation. As goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the embodiments of this refrigeration compressor, described above as examples, it encompasses all the variants.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Compresseur frigorifique à spirales à vitesse variable, comprenant :A variable speed scroll refrigerant compressor, comprising:
- une enceinte étanche délimitant un volume d'aspiration et un volume de compression disposés respectivement de part et d'autre d'un corps (5) contenu dans l'enceinte, le volume de compression contenant une première volute (8) et une seconde volute (10), les première et seconde volutes décrivant un mouvement relatif orbital,a sealed enclosure delimiting a suction volume and a compression volume respectively disposed on either side of a body contained in the chamber, the compression volume containing a first volute (8) and a second volute (10), the first and second scrolls describing relative orbital motion,
- un circuit d'injection d'huile agencé pour injecter de l'huile dans le volume de compression,an oil injection circuit arranged for injecting oil into the compression volume,
- un arbre d'entraînement (20) comportant un conduit d'alimentation (24) en huile s'étendant sur toute la longueur de celui-ci, alimenté en huile à partir d'huile contenue dans un carter d'huile (23) par une pompe à huile (22) disposée à une première extrémité de l'arbre, la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement (20) étant équipée d'un dispositif d'entraînement (21 ), suivant un mouvement orbital, de la seconde volute (10) contenue dans le volume de compression, caractérisé en ce que la seconde volute (10) comprend des moyens d'injection d'huile agencés pour mettre en communication le conduit d'alimentation (24) avec le volume de compression, et en ce que le circuit d'injection d'huile comprend un obturateur (26) mobile, sous l'effet d'une force centrifuge, entre une première position de libération des moyens d'injection d'huile permettant une injection d'huile dans le volume de compression et une seconde position d'obturation des moyens d'injection d'huile empêchant l'injection d'huile dans le volume de compression, l'obturateur (26) étant agencé pour se déplacer dans sa seconde position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse une valeur prédéterminée.- a drive shaft (20) having a supply line (24) in oil extending the entire length thereof, supplied with oil from oil contained in an oil sump (23) by an oil pump (22) disposed at a first end of the shaft, the second end of the drive shaft (20) being provided with a driving device (21), in an orbital motion, of the second volute (10) contained in the compression volume, characterized in that the second volute (10) comprises oil injection means arranged to communicate the supply duct (24) with the compression volume , and in that the oil injection circuit comprises a shutter (26) movable, under the effect of a centrifugal force, between a first release position of the oil injection means allowing an injection of oil in the compression volume and a second shutter position of the oil injection means preventing the injection of oil into the compression volume, the shutter (26) being arranged to move in its second position when the compressor speed exceeds a predetermined value.
2. Compresseur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'injection d'huile comprend des moyens de rappel (27, 40) agencés d'une part pour maintenir l'obturateur (26) dans sa première position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur est inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, et d'autre part pour permettre un déplacement de l'obturateur (26) dans sa seconde position lorsque la vitesse du compresseur dépasse la valeur prédéterminée. 2. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil injection circuit comprises return means (27, 40) arranged on the one hand to maintain the shutter (26) in its first position when the speed the compressor is less than the predetermined value, and secondly to allow a displacement of the shutter (26) in its second position when the speed of the compressor exceeds the predetermined value.
3. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement (24) comprend un logement (25) dans le lequel est reçu l'obturateur (26), en ce que les moyens d'injection d'huile comprennent un orifice (29) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) et débouchant au niveau de la seconde extrémité de l'arbre d'entraînement (24), et en ce que l'obturateur (26) est agencé d'une part pour obturer l'orifice (29) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa seconde position, et d'autre part pour libérer l'orifice (29) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa première position.3. Compressor according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the second end of the drive shaft (24) comprises a housing (25) in which is received the shutter (26), in that that the oil injection means comprise an orifice (29) formed in the second volute (10) and opening at the second end of the drive shaft (24), and in that the shutter ( 26) is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice (29) formed in the second volute (10) when it is in its second position, and on the other hand to release the orifice (29) formed in the second volute (10) when in its first position.
4. Compresseur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'obturateur (26) comprend un orifice traversant (31 ) agencé d'une part pour être situé en regard de l'orifice (29) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être décalé de l'orifice (29) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa seconde position.4. Compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that the shutter (26) comprises a through hole (31) arranged on the one hand to be located opposite the orifice (29) formed in the second volute (10). when the shutter is in its first position, and secondly to be offset from the orifice (29) formed in the second volute (10) when the shutter is in its second position.
5. Compresseur selon les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de rappel comprennent un ressort (27) disposé dans le logement ménagé dans l'arbre d'entraînement, les deux extrémités du ressort (27) prenant respectivement appui contre l'obturateur (26) et l'arbre d'entraînement (24).5. Compressor according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the return means comprise a spring (27) disposed in the housing formed in the drive shaft, the two ends of the spring (27) respectively bearing against the shutter (26) and the drive shaft (24).
6. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la seconde volute (10) prend appui contre le corps (5), en ce que le compresseur comprend une cartouche (35) disposée entre la seconde volute (10) et le corps (5) et dans laquelle est reçu l'obturateur (26), en ce que la cartouche (35) est liée au corps (5) et à la seconde volute (10) par l'intermédiaire d'une première et d'une seconde liaisons en rotation, la distance entre les axes des deux liaisons en rotation étant égale au rayon d'orbite de la seconde volute (10), et en ce que la cartouche (35) est entraînée en rotation autour de l'une des liaisons en rotation durant le mouvement relatif entre la seconde volute (10) et le corps (5).6. Compressor according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the second volute (10) bears against the body (5), in that the compressor comprises a cartridge (35) disposed between the second volute (10). ) and the body (5) and in which the shutter (26) is received, in that the cartridge (35) is connected to the body (5) and to the second volute (10) via a first and a second rotational link, the distance between the axes of the two rotational links being equal to the orbit radius of the second volute (10), and in that the cartridge (35) is rotated about the one of the rotational connections during the relative movement between the second volute (10) and the body (5).
7. Compresseur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la cartouche (35) est cylindrique et est montée libre en rotation dans un logement (36, 46) de forme complémentaire ménagé dans l'un des éléments parmi le corps (5) et la seconde volute (10), ce montage de la cartouche (35) dans le logement (36, 46) formant une liaison en rotation confondue avec l'axe (A) de la cartouche, et en ce que la cartouche (35) comprend un orifice (38) dans lequel est reçue une broche (37, 47) montée dans l'autre élément parmi le corps (5) et la seconde volute (10), cette broche formant une liaison en rotation décalée par rapport à l'axe (A) de la cartouche.7. Compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that the cartridge (35) is cylindrical and is rotatably mounted in a housing (36, 46) of complementary shape formed in one of the body (5) and the second volute (10), this mounting of the cartridge (35) in the housing (36, 46) forming a rotational connection coincides with the axis (A) of the cartridge, and in that the cartridge (35) comprises an orifice (38) in which is received a pin (37, 47) mounted in the other element of the body (5) and the second volute (10), this pin forming a rotational connection offset from the axis (A) of the cartridge.
8. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de rappel comprennent un ressort (40) disposé dans la cartouche (35), les deux extrémités du ressort prenant respectivement appui contre l'obturateur (26) et la cartouche.8. Compressor according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the biasing means comprises a spring (40) disposed in the cartridge (35), the two ends of the spring respectively bearing against the shutter (26). and the cartridge.
9. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'injection d'huile comprennent un premier canal d'injection (41 ) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) dont l'une des extrémités débouche au niveau de la seconde extrémité du conduit d'alimentation (24) et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le logement (36) recevant la cartouche (35), un orifice (42) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le logement (36) recevant la cartouche et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans un second canal d'injection (43) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10), le second canal d'injection (43) débouchant dans le volume de compression, et en ce que l'obturateur (26) est agencé d'une part pour obturer l'orifice (42) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa seconde position, et d'autre part pour libérer l'orifice (42) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsqu'il se trouve dans sa première position.9. Compressor according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the oil injection means comprises a first injection channel (41) formed in the second volute (10), one end of which opens at the second end of the supply duct (24) and the other end opening into the housing (36) receiving the cartridge (35), an orifice (42) formed in the second volute (10) of which the one of the ends opens into the housing (36) receiving the cartridge and the other end opens into a second injection channel (43) formed in the second volute (10), the second injection channel (43) opening into the compression volume, and in that the shutter (26) is arranged on the one hand to close the orifice (42) formed in the second volute (10) when it is in its second position, and on the other hand to release the orifice (42) formed in the second volute (10) when it is in its first posi tion.
10. Compresseur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'obturateur (26) comprend un orifice traversant (45) agencé d'une part pour mettre en communication le premier canal d'injection (41 ) et l'orifice (42) ménagés dans la seconde volute (10) lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être décalé de l'orifice (42) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) lorsque l'obturateur est dans sa seconde position. 10. Compressor according to claim 9, characterized in that the shutter (26) comprises a through hole (45) arranged on the one hand to communicate the first injection channel (41) and the orifice (42). arranged in the second volute (10) when the shutter is in its first position, and secondly to be offset from the orifice (42) formed in the second volute (10) when the shutter is in its second position .
11. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'injection d'huile comprennent un premier canal d'injection (48) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) dont l'une des extrémités débouche au niveau de la seconde extrémité du conduit d'alimentation (24) et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le logement (46) recevant la cartouche (35), un second canal d'injection (50) ménagé dans la seconde volute (10) dont l'une des extrémités débouche dans le logement (46) recevant la cartouche et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans le volume de compression, et en ce que la cartouche (35) comprend un orifice traversant (51 ) agencé d'une part pour mettre en communication les premier et second canaux d'injection (48, 50) ménagés dans la seconde volute (10) lorsque l'obturateur (26) est dans sa première position, et d'autre part pour être obturé par l'obturateur lorsqu'il est dans sa seconde position.11. Compressor according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the oil injection means comprises a first injection channel (48) formed in the second volute (10), one end of which opens at the second end of the supply duct (24) and the other end opening into the housing (46) receiving the cartridge (35), a second injection channel (50) formed in the second volute (10). ) whose one end opens into the housing (46) receiving the cartridge and the other end opens into the compression volume, and in that the cartridge (35) comprises a through orifice (51) arranged in a portion for communicating the first and second injection channels (48, 50) formed in the second volute (10) when the shutter (26) is in its first position, and secondly to be closed by the shutter when in its second position.
12. Compresseur selon les revendications 7 et 11 , caractérisé en ce que le logement (46) recevant la cartouche (35) est ménagé dans le corps (5) et la broche (47) est montée dans la seconde volute (10), et en ce que l'extrémité du premier canal d'injection (48) débouchant dans le logement (46) recevant la cartouche forme un orifice dans lequel est montée la broche (47), la broche (47) comprenant un alésage traversant (49) agencé pour mettre en communication le premier canal d'injection (48) avec l'orifice traversant (51 ) ménagé dans la cartouche (35) lorsque l'obturateur (26) est dans sa première position.12. Compressor according to claims 7 and 11, characterized in that the housing (46) receiving the cartridge (35) is formed in the body (5) and the pin (47) is mounted in the second volute (10), and in that the end of the first injection channel (48) opening into the housing (46) receiving the cartridge forms an orifice in which the pin (47) is mounted, the pin (47) comprising a through bore (49). arranged to port the first injection channel (48) to the through hole (51) in the cartridge (35) when the shutter (26) is in its first position.
13. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'injection d'huile sont agencé pour alimenter en l'huile l'interface entre le corps (5) et la seconde volute (10) lorsque l'obturateur (26) est dans la première position. 13. Compressor according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the oil injection means are arranged to supply the oil interface between the body (5) and the second volute (10) when the shutter (26) is in the first position.
PCT/FR2008/051391 2007-08-02 2008-07-24 Refrigeration compressor with variable speed spirals WO2009024698A2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602008004542T DE602008004542D1 (en) 2007-08-02 2008-07-24 COOLING COMPRESSOR WITH SPIRALS OF CHANGING SPEED
AT08827911T ATE495365T1 (en) 2007-08-02 2008-07-24 COOLING COMPRESSOR WITH VARIABLE SPEED SPIRALS
CN2008801100601A CN101815872B (en) 2007-08-02 2008-07-24 Refrigeration compressor with variable speed spirals
EP08827911A EP2174012B1 (en) 2007-08-02 2008-07-24 Refrigeration compressor with variable speed spirals

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR07/05667 2007-08-02
FR0705667A FR2919688B1 (en) 2007-08-02 2007-08-02 SPIRAL REFRIGERATOR COMPRESSOR WITH VARIABLE SPEED

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WO2009024698A3 WO2009024698A3 (en) 2009-05-22

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EP (1) EP2174012B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101815872B (en)
AT (1) ATE495365T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602008004542D1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2009024698A2 (en)

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FR2969226B1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2013-01-11 Danfoss Commercial Compressors SPIRAL REFRIGERATING COMPRESSOR
FR2969227B1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2013-01-11 Danfoss Commercial Compressors SPIRAL REFRIGERATING COMPRESSOR
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WO2009024698A3 (en) 2009-05-22
ATE495365T1 (en) 2011-01-15
FR2919688B1 (en) 2013-07-26
EP2174012B1 (en) 2011-01-12
EP2174012A2 (en) 2010-04-14
CN101815872A (en) 2010-08-25
CN101815872B (en) 2012-11-14
FR2919688A1 (en) 2009-02-06
US8070465B2 (en) 2011-12-06
US20090041603A1 (en) 2009-02-12
DE602008004542D1 (en) 2011-02-24

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