WO2009016665A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009016665A1
WO2009016665A1 PCT/IT2007/000556 IT2007000556W WO2009016665A1 WO 2009016665 A1 WO2009016665 A1 WO 2009016665A1 IT 2007000556 W IT2007000556 W IT 2007000556W WO 2009016665 A1 WO2009016665 A1 WO 2009016665A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
igv
plant
basis
controlling
reference values
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2007/000556
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Luca Buzzoni
Paolo Pesce
Original Assignee
Ansaldo Energia S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. filed Critical Ansaldo Energia S.P.A.
Priority to EP07827626A priority Critical patent/EP2185868A1/fr
Priority to PCT/IT2007/000556 priority patent/WO2009016665A1/fr
Publication of WO2009016665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009016665A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/26—Controlling the air flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F02C9/28—Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/48—Control of fuel supply conjointly with another control of the plant
    • F02C9/50—Control of fuel supply conjointly with another control of the plant with control of working fluid flow
    • F02C9/54—Control of fuel supply conjointly with another control of the plant with control of working fluid flow by throttling the working fluid, by adjusting vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F23N3/082—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F05D2270/083—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases by monitoring combustion conditions
    • F05D2270/0831—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases by monitoring combustion conditions indirectly, at the exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/303—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/309—Rate of change of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/70—Type of control algorithm
    • F05D2270/708—Type of control algorithm with comparison tables
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/20—Gas turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas turbine plant control device and method.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a gas turbine plant comprising the control device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the control device according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a graph of a control function of the Figure 2 control device
  • Figure 4 shows a graph of the exhaust temperature of the Figure 1 gas turbine in relation to power output percentage .
  • FIG. 1 indicates a gas turbine electric power plant.
  • Plant 1 substantially comprises a turbine assembly 3 ; a generator 4 which converts the mechanical power produced by turbine assembly 3 to active electric power - hereinafter referred to simply as power output P; a control device 5; a pickup module 6; and an actuator 7.
  • Turbine assembly 3 comprises a compressor 9, a combustion chamber 10, and a gas turbine 11. More specifically, compressor 9 comprises a variable-geometry inlet stage 14, in turn comprising an array of adjustable vanes or so-called IGVs (Inlet Guide Vanes) (not shown for the sake of simplicity) which can be tilt-adjusted by actuator 7 to regulate air intake by compressor 9.
  • IGVs Inlet Guide Vanes
  • Pickup module 6 comprises a number of sensors (not shown for the sake of simplicity) for detecting a number of plant 1 parameters, which are then supplied to control device 5. More specifically, pickup module 6 detects the exhaust gas temperature or so-called exhaust temperature T 3 of turbine 11; electric power output P or so-called load; the position IGV PO s of the adjustable vanes of inlet stage 14 of compressor 9; and fuel flow
  • Control device 5 substantially comprises a first control module 18 for controlling exhaust temperature T 3 ; a reference value selection module 19 which supplies first control module 18 with exhaust temperature reference values T SRIF ; and a second control module 20 which operates during fuel transients, i.e. variations in fuei flow Q F , to supply first control module 18 with a control signal U c .
  • reference value section module 19 comprises a fixed reference module 22, a variable reference module 23, and a selector module 24.
  • Fixed reference module 22 supplies a constant exhaust temperature reference value T SRIFC / usually defined beforehand, which does not vary alongside variations in the other parameters of plant 1, and which preferably can only be modified by a trained technician.
  • Variable reference module 23 receives the position IGVp 0S of the adjustable vanes of compressor 9, and supplies a variable exhaust temperature reference value TsRiFv which varies as a function of the position IGV PO s of the adjustable vanes, and therefore indirectly as a function of power output P of plant 1.
  • variable reference module 23 comprises a first computing module 25 and a second computing module 26.
  • First computing module 25 receives a position IGV PO s of the adjustable vanes, and supplies an exhaust temperature reference value T S RIF VO calculated on the basis of a function F(IGV PO s) defined beforehand and which varies according to the type of plant. For each position IGV PO s of the adjustable IGVs, first computing module 25 supplies a reference value T SRIFV o, T S RIFVI» T S RIFV2
  • function F(IGV PO s) varies according to the type of burner used in gas turbine plant 1.
  • number 50 in Figure 3 shows a function F(IGV PO s) of a plant equipped with an ecological burner, e.g. of the type described in Patent Application EP 1710502 filed by Ansaldo Energia S.p.A..
  • Number 51 indicates a function F(IGV PO s) of a plant equipped with a conventional burner.
  • First computing module 25 preferably contains a function F(IGV PO s) library covering most currently marketed gas turbine plant burners .
  • Second computing module 26 receives and memorizes the reference value T SRIFVI calculated by first computing module 25, and supplies a reference value T SRIFV , which has a ramp time pattern between the last memorized reference value T S RIF VO and the received reference value TsRiFvi/ to avoid sudden changes in reference value T SRIFV , and to slow down the variation in reference value T SR I FV with respect to the variation in the position of the IGVs.
  • the constant reference value T SRIFC and variable reference value T SR i FV are supplied to selector module 24, which, on the basis of predetermined, preferably operator-entered settings, selects from constant and variable reference values T S RIFC and T S RIFV a reference value T 3R i F for supply to first control module 18.
  • First control module 18 receives a measured exhaust temperature value T 3 from pickup module 6, and a reference value T 3RIF from reference value selection module 19, and supplies actuator 7 with a drive signal Ui G v to adjust the position of the IGVs of compressor 9. More specifically, first control module 18 comprises an error computing module 27, which calculates a temperature error e ⁇ , i.e.
  • drive module 28 which transmits drive signal U IGV to actuator 7 on the basis of temperature error e ⁇ .
  • drive module 28 generates drive signal U IGV using PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control logic.
  • Second control module 20 receives plant 1 power output value P and fuel flow value Q F from pickup module 6, and, during fuel transients, supplies first control module 18 - in particular, drive module 28 - with a control signal U c , correlated with the power gradient ⁇ P/ ⁇ t, to modify drive signal U IGV -
  • second control module 20 comprises a computing module 29, a library module 30, and an analysis module 31.
  • Computing module 29 receives and memorizes power output value P, and calculates its gradient ⁇ P/ ⁇ t for supply to analysis module 31, and also receives and memorizes fuel flow value Q F , and calculates the variation in fuel flow ⁇ Q F for supply to analysis module 31.
  • Library module 30 comprises a number of control signal U c curves for different variations in fuel flow ⁇ Q F , and each of which corresponds to a respective power gradient value ⁇ P/ ⁇ t. In the event of a variation in fuel flow ⁇ Q F
  • analysis module 31 selects a given control signal U c from library module 30 on the basis of power gradient value ⁇ P/ ⁇ t and fuel flow variation value ⁇ Q F , and supplies it to first control module 18.
  • control signal U c supplied to drive module 28 substantially overrides control of actuator 7 based on temperature error e ⁇ . That is, control signal U c from second control module 20 acts on drive module 28 so that drive signal U IGV produces a variation in the position of the IGVs based mainly on power gradient value ⁇ P/ ⁇ t and the variation in fuel flow Q F .
  • control device 5 is able to respond to given variations in power P and fuel flow Q F , before these variations affect exhaust temperature T 3 , and therefore to make a prompt adjustment to the position of the IGVs. Operation of control device 5 as described above produces an exhaust temperature T 3 pattern, as a function of the power output P percentage of rated power P N , as shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 4 shows a first exhaust temperature T 3 curve 40, as controlled by control device 5 when selector 24 is set to select a constant exhaust temperature reference value T SRIF c- Curve 40 increases steadily up to exhaust temperature reference value TsRiFC/ at which point, adjustment of the position of the IGVs by control device 5 produces a constant exhaust temperature T 3 until the IGVs are fully opened.
  • Curves 41 and 42 show exhaust temperature T 3 as controlled by control device 5 when selector 24 is set to select a variable exhaust temperature reference value T SRIFV .
  • curve 41 shows exhaust temperature T 3 of a plant equipped with an ecological burner, which safely permits high temperatures within the maximum permitted NO x emission level.
  • first computing module 25 of variable reference module 23 is based on a function F(IGV P03 ) ( Figure 3) designed for plants with ecological burners, i.e. capable of sustaining higher exhaust temperatures.
  • the exhaust temperature T 3 curve 41 produced by control device 5 is therefore characterized by higher temperatures than the constant reference value curve
  • Curve 40 especially at low percentage power P values (around 40%) .
  • control device 5 the efficiency of plant 1 is therefore improved, especially at low power P values, the advantages of which are obvious, particularly during nighttime operation of plant 1, i.e. when the plant runs at minimum power P.
  • Curve 42 shows exhaust temperature T 3 of a plant equipped with a conventional burner, which allows no increase in exhaust temperature T 3 , by resulting in unacceptable NO x emission levels.
  • first computing module 25 of variable reference module 23 is therefore based on a function F(IGV P03 ) designed for plants with conventional burners, to produce an exhaust temperature T 3 curve (42) characterized by lower temperatures than the constant reference value curve (curve 40) at low power output P values (around 40%) .
  • Reducing exhaust temperature T 3 greatly reduces NO x emissions, which is particularly important when operating at minimum environmental load.
  • minimum power P i.e. at minimum environmental load
  • a large amount of highly pollutant gas must be supplied to keep the flame of burner 10 alive, so that NO x emissions are normally substantially high.
  • control device 5 it is therefore possible to lower exhaust temperature T 8 and, hence, NO x emissions at the minimum environmental load.
  • Control device 5 also provides for lowering the minimum environmental load value. That is, by lowering exhaust temperature T 3 , gas supply to keep the flame of burner 10 alive can be increased and the minimum environmental load value therefore reduced.
  • Figure 4 shows two curves 41 and 42 of exhaust temperature T 3 as controlled by control device 5 when selector 24 is set to select a variable exhaust temperature reference value T SRIFV - Depending on the set function F(IGV PO s) of first computing module 25 of variable reference module 23, however, a number of different exhaust temperature T 3 curves may be obtained as required.
  • selector 24 is set to select a variable exhaust temperature reference value T SRIFV -
  • F(IGV PO s) of first computing module 25 of variable reference module 23 a number of different exhaust temperature T 3 curves may be obtained as required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de régulation pour l'installation de turbine à gaz, lequel dispositif a des moyens de régulation pour réguler de façon sélective une température de gaz d'échappement (TS) de la turbine (11) sur la base d'au moins deux valeurs de référence distinctes (TSRIFV0, TSRIFVI, TSRIFV2... TSRIFVn) associées à une valeur de sortie de puissance (P) de l'installation (1).
PCT/IT2007/000556 2007-08-01 2007-08-01 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz WO2009016665A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07827626A EP2185868A1 (fr) 2007-08-01 2007-08-01 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz
PCT/IT2007/000556 WO2009016665A1 (fr) 2007-08-01 2007-08-01 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2007/000556 WO2009016665A1 (fr) 2007-08-01 2007-08-01 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz

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WO2009016665A1 true WO2009016665A1 (fr) 2009-02-05

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20090766A1 (it) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-07 Ansaldo Energia Spa Dispositivo e metodo per controllare la temperatura allo scarico di una turbina a gas di un impianto per la produzione di energia
ITMI20110811A1 (it) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-11 Ansaldo Energia Spa Metodo di controllo per controllare l'alimentazione di gas pilota ad almeno un gruppo bruciatore di un impianto a turbina a gas e impianto a turbina a gas
CN102828802A (zh) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 通用电气公司 用于燃烧器排放物控制的系统和方法
ITMI20131817A1 (it) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-01 Ansaldo Energia Spa Metodo e dispositivo di controllo per controllare un impianto di produzione di energia elettrica a turbina a gas
US10801361B2 (en) 2016-09-09 2020-10-13 General Electric Company System and method for HPT disk over speed prevention

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867084A (en) * 1954-03-22 1959-01-06 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel feed and power control system for gas turbine engines having an engine temperature control
GB1374871A (en) * 1971-10-15 1974-11-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Digital computer control system for monitoring and controlling operation of industrial gas turbine apparatus
US3956883A (en) * 1974-08-08 1976-05-18 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Smooth and highly responsive gas turbine temperature limit control especially useful in combined cycle electric power plants
US4380146A (en) * 1977-01-12 1983-04-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp. System and method for accelerating and sequencing industrial gas turbine apparatus and gas turbine electric power plants preferably with a digital computer control system
EP1231369A2 (fr) * 2001-02-07 2002-08-14 General Electric Company Système de régulation de turbine à gaz pour compenser le contenu de l'eau dans l'air de combustion
EP1533573A1 (fr) * 2003-11-20 2005-05-25 General Electric Company Méthode de commande pour la répartition du combustible dans une chambre de combustion de turbine à gaz
EP1679563A1 (fr) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-12 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. dispositif et procédé de contrôle d'une turbine à gaz pour la production d'énergie électrique

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867084A (en) * 1954-03-22 1959-01-06 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel feed and power control system for gas turbine engines having an engine temperature control
GB1374871A (en) * 1971-10-15 1974-11-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Digital computer control system for monitoring and controlling operation of industrial gas turbine apparatus
US3956883A (en) * 1974-08-08 1976-05-18 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Smooth and highly responsive gas turbine temperature limit control especially useful in combined cycle electric power plants
US4380146A (en) * 1977-01-12 1983-04-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp. System and method for accelerating and sequencing industrial gas turbine apparatus and gas turbine electric power plants preferably with a digital computer control system
EP1231369A2 (fr) * 2001-02-07 2002-08-14 General Electric Company Système de régulation de turbine à gaz pour compenser le contenu de l'eau dans l'air de combustion
EP1533573A1 (fr) * 2003-11-20 2005-05-25 General Electric Company Méthode de commande pour la répartition du combustible dans une chambre de combustion de turbine à gaz
EP1679563A1 (fr) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-12 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. dispositif et procédé de contrôle d'une turbine à gaz pour la production d'énergie électrique

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20090766A1 (it) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-07 Ansaldo Energia Spa Dispositivo e metodo per controllare la temperatura allo scarico di una turbina a gas di un impianto per la produzione di energia
EP2249006A1 (fr) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-10 Ansaldo Energia S.p.A. Dispositif et procédé de réglage de la température de gaz d'échappement d'une turbine à gaz d'une centrale
ITMI20110811A1 (it) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-11 Ansaldo Energia Spa Metodo di controllo per controllare l'alimentazione di gas pilota ad almeno un gruppo bruciatore di un impianto a turbina a gas e impianto a turbina a gas
EP2522908A1 (fr) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 Ansaldo Energia S.p.A. Procédé de commande pour contrôler l'alimentation en gaz pilote d'au moins un ensemble brûleur d'une centrale de turbine à gaz et installation de turbine à gaz
CN102828802A (zh) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 通用电气公司 用于燃烧器排放物控制的系统和方法
EP2535643A3 (fr) * 2011-06-15 2014-01-08 General Electric Company Systèmes et procédés de contrôle des émissions d'une chmabre de combustion
US9021779B2 (en) 2011-06-15 2015-05-05 General Electric Company Systems and methods for combustor emissions control
ITMI20131817A1 (it) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-01 Ansaldo Energia Spa Metodo e dispositivo di controllo per controllare un impianto di produzione di energia elettrica a turbina a gas
WO2015063735A1 (fr) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-07 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. Procédé de commande et dispositif pour commander une installation de turbine à gaz pour produire de l'énergie électrique
CN105899785A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2016-08-24 安萨尔多能源公司 用于控制用于发电的燃气轮机设备的控制方法和设备
CN105899785B (zh) * 2013-10-31 2017-11-10 安萨尔多能源公司 用于控制用于发电的燃气轮机设备的控制方法和设备
US10801361B2 (en) 2016-09-09 2020-10-13 General Electric Company System and method for HPT disk over speed prevention

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