WO2009009979A1 - Procédé et appareil de protection d'instantané - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de protection d'instantané Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009009979A1
WO2009009979A1 PCT/CN2008/071345 CN2008071345W WO2009009979A1 WO 2009009979 A1 WO2009009979 A1 WO 2009009979A1 CN 2008071345 W CN2008071345 W CN 2008071345W WO 2009009979 A1 WO2009009979 A1 WO 2009009979A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
snapshot
copy
data
mapping table
indication
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Application number
PCT/CN2008/071345
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sheng Zhou
Peng Zhang
Guobin Zhang
Ji Ouyang
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009009979A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009009979A1/zh

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/14Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
    • G06F11/1402Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
    • G06F11/1415Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
    • G06F11/1435Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level using file system or storage system metadata
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2201/00Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
    • G06F2201/84Using snapshots, i.e. a logical point-in-time copy of the data

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of data protection technologies, and in particular, to a snapshot protection method and apparatus.
  • the virtual snapshot technology has been proposed to apply the application data at a certain moment in the service operation. Backup.
  • a volume that provides data storage and access space for business applications is called a production volume.
  • the access to the snapshot can be performed concurrently with the access to the production volume.
  • the snapshot can be rolled back to the production volume, which ensures the reliability of the data to a certain extent. And integrity.
  • mapping table indicating where the actual data of the snapshot is stored.
  • the snapshot is initially created, and the address pointers in its mapping table point to the production volume.
  • An example of this process is shown in Figure 1.
  • the snapshot indicates the data of the production volume at a certain moment through the mapping table, such as A, B, C, and D. At this time, the snapshot data shares the data storage space of the production volume.
  • the virtual snapshot establishes a logical copy of the production volume data at the creation time point, and the snapshot data and the production volume data share the physical storage space as much as possible.
  • the mapping information in the snapshot mapping table the data is read to the corresponding location in the resource volume of the production volume or snapshot;
  • the mapping information in the mapping table if the part to be written has already pointed to the resource volume of the snapshot, the data overlay is written to the corresponding position in the resource volume according to the pointer; if the part to be written still points to the production volume , the data is written to the resource volume, and the mapping table is modified so that the pointer points to the corresponding location in the resource volume.
  • the inventor of the present invention finds that the above virtual snapshot technology has at least the following defects:
  • the snapshot data cannot be protected. Once the user modifies the snapshot data, the production volume cannot be restored to the data at the time of the initial snapshot; It is not conducive to meeting the requirements of certain applications, for example, multiple application hosts simultaneously processing snapshot data at a certain point in time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a snapshot protection method capable of providing protection for snapshot data, including: obtaining an indication for creating a snapshot copy of the first snapshot; creating a copy of the first snapshot according to the instruction for creating the snapshot copy; An operation indication of a snapshot and/or a copy of the first snapshot; performing a corresponding operation on the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot in accordance with the operation indication.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a corresponding snapshot protection device, including: a protection triggering unit, configured to acquire an indication for creating a snapshot copy of the first snapshot; and a copy creation unit, configured to create a first snapshot according to the indication of creating the snapshot copy a copy of the first snapshot and/or a copy of the first snapshot; an operation execution unit, configured to perform a copy of the first snapshot and/or the first snapshot according to the operation indication Perform the appropriate action.
  • a protection triggering unit configured to acquire an indication for creating a snapshot copy of the first snapshot
  • a copy creation unit configured to create a first snapshot according to the indication of creating the snapshot copy a copy of the first snapshot and/or a copy of the first snapshot
  • an operation execution unit configured to perform a copy of the first snapshot and/or the first snapshot according to the operation indication Perform the appropriate action.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts a method for creating a snapshot copy of a snapshot and performing operations on the snapshot and the snapshot copy respectively.
  • the snapshot data is backed up by using the snapshot copy, so that even if the snapshot data is modified, the snapshot copy can be used to restore the snapshot time point.
  • the data provides effective protection for snapshots.
  • it can meet the parallel operation requirements of snapshot data at the same time. For example, it can meet the requirements of multiple application hosts simultaneously processing snapshot data at a certain point in time. Wait.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the creation of an existing virtual snapshot
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a copy operation of an existing virtual snapshot before writing
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a snapshot protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of creating a snapshot copy by data copy in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a snapshot protection method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of creating a snapshot copy by using a copy mapping table in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of copying of a snapshot and a snapshot copy before writing in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a write snapshot in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a snapshot protection method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of creating a snapshot copy by using a replication mapping table and a resource volume according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a snapshot protection method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of creating a snapshot copy by using a shared mapping table in Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of copying of a snapshot and a snapshot copy before writing in the fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a snapshot in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the logical structure of a snapshot protection device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the logical structure of a snapshot protection device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the logical structure of a snapshot protection device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the logical structure of a snapshot protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a snapshot protection method, which creates a snapshot copy of a snapshot and performs operations on the snapshot and the snapshot copy respectively.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a corresponding snapshot protection device. The following is a detailed description.
  • Embodiment 1 A snapshot protection method, which is shown in FIG. 3, includes:
  • A1. Obtain an indication to create a snapshot copy of the first snapshot.
  • the first snapshot in this embodiment has a general meaning, that is, a data object in which data is saved in an image manner.
  • the first snapshot can be a snapshot created directly by the production volume, or a snapshot after the modification operation is performed; and if the created snapshot copy still retains the image data structure, which can still be called a "snapshot", the first A snapshot can also be a copy of another snapshot, which means that you can instruct a copy of the snapshot to create a copy.
  • a snapshot copy can be created one or more times for the same snapshot, and an indication to create a snapshot copy can be made at any time after the first snapshot is created or after it is created.
  • the specific indication release method and timing can be determined according to the application, including but not limited to the following examples:
  • Creating a copy of a snapshot can take a variety of ways to fully save snapshot data information, including but not limited to:
  • Manner 1 Perform data copying on data corresponding to the mapping table of the first snapshot, and use the content of the data copy as a copy of the first snapshot.
  • An example of this method is shown in Figure 4.
  • the first snapshot in Figure 4 holds the data image of the production volume at a certain time, such as A, B, C, and D.
  • the first snapshot can be copied into several complete copies by data copy. Snapshot copy 1 ⁇ ! 1.
  • the number and timing of replication are determined by the indication of creating a snapshot copy obtained in step A1.
  • the application of the snapshot copy includes but is not limited to the following example: To protect the first snapshot, the snapshot 1 of the first snapshot is created, when the first snapshot is Modify, and the production volume wants to restore the data to the first snapshot time point, first copy the snapshot copy 1 to the first snapshot, and then perform snapshot rollback on the production volume;
  • a snapshot copy of the modified first snapshot is created every time the first snapshot is modified.
  • Method 2 Create a copy of the first snapshot by using the image data structure, so that the snapshot and the snapshot copy share or share the data storage space as much as possible. Snapshots and snapshot copies can share only the data in the production volume, or share the pre-write copy data. In this way, the snapshot copy created has the same data structure as the snapshot, and can also be regarded as a snapshot of the production volume. The same operation of the snapshot.
  • A3. Obtain an operation indication of the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the operation indications referred to herein include an operation indication to keep the contents of the data object unchanged and an operation instruction to perform modification on the data object, wherein:
  • the operation of keeping the contents of the data object unchanged includes: reading the snapshot or the snapshot copy; in the case of the snapshot or the snapshot copy using the image data structure, the data image is kept fast when it is modified.
  • a pre-write copy operation such as a photo or a snapshot copy, does not change.
  • This type of action indication can be made for a specific snapshot or snapshot copy, or for some snapshot or snapshot copy. For example, you can instruct to read a specified snapshot; you can also instruct the snapshot and snapshot copies of all shared production volume data to perform a pre-write copy operation due to production volume data modifications.
  • a snapshot copy obtained by full copying by data copy since it uses independent physical storage, it will not be affected when the production volume data is modified.
  • Operations that modify data objects include writes to snapshots or snapshot copies, restore operations, and so on, which typically indicate the specified execution object, such as an instruction to write a specified snapshot or snapshot copy.
  • the operational instructions can also include a special type of status setting indication, which is typically made for a specified snapshot or snapshot copy.
  • a special type of status setting indication which is typically made for a specified snapshot or snapshot copy.
  • the modification type operation may not be performed on the snapshot to ensure that the snapshot data content is unchanged; an application scenario of the example is: after a snapshot is created by the production volume, the creation is performed.
  • Several copies of the snapshot are provided for application or test use, and the snapshot is set to be unavailable, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the original data.
  • A4. Perform corresponding operations on the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot according to the operation instruction.
  • the specific operation content can be executed according to the operation instructions, and both the snapshot and the snapshot copy can be used as independent operation objects. It should be noted that, based on the manner in which the snapshot copy is created, it is possible to copy the data content during the process of creating the snapshot copy in step A2. If the step A2 has not been completed, that is, the snapshot copy has not been created yet, the step is obtained.
  • the operation indication of A3, and the operation indication refers to the snapshot copy being created, which can be used as follows:
  • the operation indication is for the content of the copied portion of the snapshot copy, follow the instructions; if the operation instruction is for the content of the uncopied portion of the snapshot copy, wait for the partial copy before performing the corresponding operation.
  • This embodiment adopts a method for creating a snapshot copy of a snapshot and performing operations on the snapshot and the snapshot copy respectively.
  • the snapshot data is backed up by using the snapshot copy, so that even if the snapshot data is modified, the snapshot time point can be used to restore the data at the snapshot time point. , providing effective protection for snapshots; Based on several copies of snapshots and snapshots, the parallel operation requirements for snapshot data at the same point in time can be met.
  • Embodiment 2 A snapshot protection method is different from the method for creating a snapshot copy by using a data copy provided in the first embodiment. The difference is that a snapshot copy is created by using a replication mapping table, and the process is as shown in FIG. 5, including :
  • step A in the first embodiment for this step.
  • the first snapshot in Figure 6 holds the data image of the production volume at a certain time, such as A, B, C, and D.
  • the second snapshot is generated by copying the mapping table of the first snapshot.
  • the mapping table of the first snapshot may be copied again to generate a third snapshot as another copy of the first snapshot (of course, the third snapshot may also be obtained by copying the mapping table of the second snapshot. a copy of the second snapshot).
  • the snapshot copy generated by the replication mapping table has the same data structure as the original snapshot. It can also be regarded as a snapshot of the production volume, which can be modified and created as a normal snapshot.
  • step A3 Obtain an operation indication for the first snapshot and/or the second snapshot.
  • step A3 refer to step A3 in the first embodiment.
  • step B4 Perform corresponding operations on the first snapshot and/or the second snapshot according to the operation instruction. For example, for the operation indication obtained in step B31, the steps are as follows:
  • FIG. 7 a schematic diagram of the above steps B411 and B412 is shown in Figure 7, when the host needs to produce
  • the data "D" in the volume is written as "E”
  • first copy the "D” to the shared resource volume of the snapshot then modify the "D” in the production volume to "F, and modify the mapping of each snapshot.
  • Table, the pointer corresponding to the data "D” points to the corresponding location in the snapshot shared resource volume.
  • the third snapshot in Figure 7 also shares the production volume data, it is also necessary to modify the mapping table of the third snapshot.
  • the host is modified If the production volume data of the part that has been copied before the write is performed, it can be directly modified, and no pre-write copy operation is required.
  • mapping table of the first snapshot needs to be copied when the second snapshot is created, if the pre-write copy indication is obtained when the mapping table has not been copied, it can be determined whether the mapping information for the indication has been copied, and if it has been copied, Then, the instruction may be executed according to the above process. If the content of the second snapshot and the indication has not been created yet, the pre-write copy indication is considered to be only made for the first snapshot, so it is not necessary to create the first The second snapshot performs the indication.
  • step B32 For the operation indication obtained in step B32, the steps are as follows:
  • step B422 may be omitted, the data to be written is directly written into the snapshot private resource volume, and then the corresponding pointer of the snapshot mapping table is modified to point to the written data.
  • a copy of the snapshot is created by using a replication mapping table.
  • the snapshot and the snapshot copy not only share the production volume data but also share the resource volume, and only save the modified portion of the specified snapshot into its private resource volume, so that the snapshot and its The copy tries to share public data as much as possible, saving storage space.
  • the snapshot copy has the same user attributes as the snapshot, and is still a snapshot of the production volume, which can be manipulated like a snapshot. And processing.
  • the third embodiment is a snapshot protection method. Compared with the method for creating a snapshot copy by using a data copy provided in the first embodiment, the difference is that the snapshot copy and the resource volume are used to create a snapshot copy, and the process is as shown in FIG. 9 . Show, including:
  • step A in the first embodiment for this step.
  • the second snapshot is created by copying the mapping table and the resource volume of the first snapshot, and the second snapshot is used as the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the specific steps include:
  • step C22 determining whether the address in the copied mapping information points to the resource volume of the first snapshot, and if yes, executing step C23; if not, proceeding to step C21 to copy another mapping information in the mapping table of the first snapshot;
  • step C23 Copy the data corresponding to the address in the resource volume of the first snapshot to the resource volume of the second snapshot, and make the mapping information of the part in the mapping table of the second snapshot point to the corresponding in the resource volume of the second snapshot. Address, and then proceeds to step C21 to copy another mapping information in the mapping table of the first snapshot; C24, the mapping of the mapping of the first snapshot is completed.
  • the first snapshot in Figure 10 holds the data image of the production volume at a certain time, for example, A, B, C, and D, where data VIII, B, and C point to the production volume.
  • Data D points to the resource volume of the first snapshot.
  • Generating a mapping table of the second snapshot by copying the mapping table of the first snapshot, and copying only the mapping information for the data, B, and C.
  • When copying the mapping information of the data D since the data points to the resource volume of the first snapshot, It is necessary to copy the data D to the resource volume of the second snapshot, and then point the mapping information of the data D in the mapping table of the second snapshot to the corresponding address in the resource volume of the second snapshot.
  • mapping table of the first snapshot and the resource volume may be copied again to generate a third snapshot as another copy of the first snapshot (of course, the third snapshot may also be obtained by copying the mapping table and the resource volume of the second snapshot. a copy of the second snapshot).
  • Snapshot copies generated by replicating maps and resource volumes are identical in nature to existing snapshots, so they can be manipulated exactly as they are.
  • step C3. Obtain an operation indication for the first snapshot and/or the second snapshot. For this step, refer to step A3 in the first embodiment.
  • the examples are as follows: C31. Obtain a pre-write copy indication for each snapshot when the data is modified by the production volume. C4. Perform a corresponding operation on the first snapshot and/or the second snapshot according to the operation indication. For example, for the operation indication obtained in step C31, the steps are as follows:
  • C412. Modify an address corresponding to the data in the mapping table of each snapshot to an address in the resource volume of the corresponding snapshot.
  • the manner of performing the pre-write copy operation may be performed by using the existing snapshot for the pre-write copy.
  • the mapping table of the second snapshot has not been copied after the pre-write copy is performed, it may be determined whether the mapping information for the indication has been copied, and if it has been copied, perform the above process.
  • the indication is that if the content of the second snapshot related to the indication has not been created yet, the pre-write copy indication is considered to be made only for the first snapshot, so the indication does not have to be performed on the second snapshot being created. .
  • the modification instruction for the specified snapshot is obtained in the step C3, for example, the modification instruction of the first snapshot or the second snapshot may be performed in the manner of the existing write snapshot, and the description is not repeated.
  • a copy of the snapshot is created by using the copy mapping table and the resource volume.
  • the created snapshot copy is exactly the same as the existing snapshot. Therefore, the snapshot copy can be processed in exactly the same way as the existing snapshot. Will increase the complexity of system processing.
  • Embodiment 4 A snapshot protection method, compared with the method for creating a snapshot copy by using a data copy provided in the first embodiment, the difference is that a snapshot copy is created by using a shared mapping table, and the process is as shown in FIG. :
  • step A in the first embodiment for this step.
  • D2 Create a second snapshot according to the indication of creating a snapshot copy, using a mapping table of the first snapshot as a shared mapping table of the first snapshot and the second snapshot, and using the second snapshot as a copy of the first snapshot.
  • the first snapshot in Figure 12 holds the data image of the production volume at a certain time, for example, A, B, C, D, by taking the mapping table of the first snapshot as the first
  • the shared mapping table of the snapshot and the second snapshot creates a second snapshot as a copy of the first snapshot.
  • the shared mapping table can be used as a mapping table of the third snapshot to create another copy of the first snapshot (of course, The third snapshot can also be considered as a copy of the second snapshot).
  • the snapshot copy generated by the shared mapping table has the same data structure as the original snapshot, and can also be regarded as a snapshot of the production volume, which can be modified and created as a normal snapshot.
  • step D3. Obtain an operation indication for the first snapshot and/or the second snapshot. For this step, refer to step A3 in the first embodiment.
  • the examples are as follows:
  • D31 Obtain a pre-write copy indication for each snapshot when the data is modified by the production volume.
  • D32 Obtain an instruction for modifying the specified snapshot.
  • step D4 Perform corresponding operations on the first snapshot and/or the second snapshot according to the operation instruction. For example, for the operation indication obtained in step D31, the steps are as follows:
  • D412. Modify an address corresponding to the data in the shared mapping table to an address of the data in the snapshot shared resource volume.
  • the schematic diagrams of the above steps D411 and D412 are as shown in FIG. 13.
  • the host needs to write the data "D” in the production volume as "E”
  • first copy the "D” to the shared resource volume of the snapshot and then Then change the "D” in the production volume to "F,” and modify the shared mapping table of the snapshot so that the pointer corresponding to the data "D” points to the corresponding location in the snapshot shared resource volume.
  • the snapshot and its replica use the same share Map the table, so you only need to make one modification.
  • step D32 For the operation indication obtained in step D32, the steps are as follows:
  • step D421 determining whether the data to be modified has been copied to the private resource volume of the specified snapshot, and if so, executing step D424; if not, executing step D422;
  • D423. Write, in the private mapping table of the specified snapshot, the address in the private resource volume of the specified snapshot, where the priority of the private mapping table is higher than the shared mapping table.
  • step D422 may be omitted, the data to be written is directly written into the snapshot private resource volume, and then the address of the written data is saved into the private mapping table of the snapshot.
  • a copy of the snapshot is created by using a shared mapping table.
  • the snapshot and the copy of the snapshot not only share the common data as much as possible, but also share the mapping table information as much as possible, thereby maximally saving storage space.
  • the software implementing the snapshot protection method of the present invention can be stored in a computer readable medium.
  • the method includes the following steps: obtaining an indication of creating a snapshot copy of the first snapshot; creating a copy of the first snapshot according to the instruction for creating the snapshot copy; acquiring the first snapshot and/or the first snapshot An operation indication of the copy; according to the operation instruction, performing a corresponding operation on the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the readable medium is, for example, a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
  • Embodiment 5 A snapshot protection device 10, as shown in FIG. 15, includes:
  • the protection trigger unit 11 is configured to obtain an indication that a snapshot copy is created for the first snapshot.
  • the copy creation unit 12 is configured to create a copy of the first snapshot according to the indication of creating a snapshot copy acquired by the protection trigger unit 11.
  • the operation triggering unit 13 is configured to acquire an operation indication of the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the operation execution unit 14 is configured to perform a corresponding operation on the copy of the first snapshot created by the first snapshot and/or the copy creation unit 12 in accordance with the operation instruction acquired by the operation trigger unit 13.
  • the operation indication acquired by the operation triggering unit 13 may include an indication of the state setting of the specified snapshot; the corresponding operation execution unit 14 may include a state control unit 141 for When the operation trigger unit 13 acquires a state setting indication for the specified snapshot, the state of the specified snapshot is set to be available or unavailable.
  • the snapshot protection device of this embodiment can perform the corresponding snapshot protection method by referring to the first embodiment.
  • the copy creation unit 12 performs the snapshot copy creation by using the data copy method provided in the first embodiment
  • the copy creation unit 12 can be used by the data copy unit to perform data copying on the data corresponding to the mapping table of the first snapshot.
  • the content of the data copy is taken as a copy of the first snapshot.
  • Embodiment 6 A snapshot protection device 20, as shown in FIG. 16, includes:
  • the protection triggering unit 21 is configured to acquire an indication that a snapshot copy is created for the first snapshot.
  • a table copying unit 22 serving as a copy creation unit, configured to copy a mapping table of the first snapshot and create a second snapshot according to the indication of creating a snapshot copy acquired by the protection triggering unit 21, and using the copied mapping table as the second snapshot The mapping table takes the second snapshot as a copy of the first snapshot.
  • the operation triggering unit 23 is configured to obtain an operation indication of the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the obtained operation indication includes: a pre-write copy indication for each snapshot when the production volume is modified, an indication of modification to the specified snapshot, an indication of a state setting of the specified snapshot, and the like.
  • the operation executing unit 24 is configured to perform a corresponding operation on the copy of the first snapshot created by the first snapshot and/or the copy creating unit 22 according to the operation instruction acquired by the operation triggering unit 23, and specifically includes: a state control unit 241, When the operation trigger unit 23 acquires the state setting indication for the specified snapshot, the state of the specified snapshot is set to be available or unavailable;
  • the pre-write copy unit 242 is configured to: when the operation trigger unit 23 obtains the pre-write copy indication for each snapshot, copy the production volume data that needs to be modified into the snapshot shared resource volume; and map the first snapshot and the second An address corresponding to the data in the mapping table of the snapshot is modified to an address of the data in the snapshot shared resource volume;
  • the data modification unit 243 is configured to determine, when the operation triggering unit 23 obtains the modification instruction for the specified snapshot, whether the data to be modified has been copied to the private resource volume of the specified snapshot, and if yes, directly modify the private resource volume of the specified snapshot.
  • the snapshot protection device of this embodiment can perform the corresponding snapshot protection method by referring to the second embodiment.
  • Embodiment 7 A snapshot protection device 30, as shown in FIG. 17, includes:
  • the protection trigger unit 31 is configured to obtain an indication that a snapshot copy is created for the first snapshot.
  • the copy creation unit 32 includes:
  • the table replication sub-unit 321 is configured to create a second snapshot according to the indication of creating a snapshot copy acquired by the protection triggering unit 31, and copy the mapping table of the first snapshot as a mapping table of the second snapshot, and use the second snapshot as the first snapshot.
  • the volume copying sub-unit 322 is configured to: when the table copy sub-unit 321 copies the mapping table of the first snapshot, determine whether the mapping information of the copied part points to the resource volume of the first snapshot, and if yes, the first snapshot The data of the corresponding address in the resource volume is copied into the resource volume of the second snapshot, and the mapping information of the part in the mapping table of the second snapshot is directed to the corresponding address in the resource volume of the second snapshot.
  • the operation triggering unit 33 is configured to acquire an operation indication of the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the obtained operation indication includes: a pre-write copy indication for each snapshot when the production volume is modified, an indication setting of a state of the specified snapshot, and the like;
  • the operation executing unit 34 is configured to perform a corresponding operation on the copy of the first snapshot created by the first snapshot and/or the copy creating unit 32 according to the operation instruction acquired by the operation triggering unit 33, and specifically includes: a state control unit 341, When the operation trigger unit 33 acquires the state setting indication for the specified snapshot, the state of the specified snapshot is set to be available or unavailable;
  • the pre-write copy unit 342 is configured to: when the operation triggering unit 33 obtains the pre-write copy indication for each snapshot, copy the production volume data that needs to be modified into the resource volume of each snapshot; The address corresponding to the data is modified to the address of the data in the resource volume of the corresponding snapshot.
  • the snapshot protection device of this embodiment can perform the corresponding snapshot protection method by referring to the second embodiment.
  • Embodiment 8 A snapshot protection device 40, as shown in FIG. 18, includes:
  • the protection triggering unit 41 is configured to obtain an indication that a snapshot copy is created for the first snapshot.
  • a table sharing unit 42 serving as a copy creation unit, configured to create a second snapshot according to the indication of creating a snapshot copy acquired by the protection triggering unit 41, using the mapping table of the first snapshot as a shared mapping table of the first snapshot and the second snapshot, Take the second snapshot as a copy of the first snapshot.
  • the operation triggering unit 43 is configured to acquire an operation indication of the first snapshot and/or the copy of the first snapshot.
  • the obtained operation indication includes: a pre-write copy indication for each snapshot when the production volume is modified, an indication of modification to the specified snapshot, an indication of a state setting of the specified snapshot, and the like.
  • the operation executing unit 44 is configured to perform a corresponding operation on the copy of the first snapshot created by the first snapshot and/or the copy creating unit 42 according to the operation instruction acquired by the operation triggering unit 43 , and specifically includes: a state control unit 441, When the operation trigger unit 43 acquires the state setting indication for the specified snapshot, the state of the specified snapshot is set to be available or unavailable;
  • the pre-write copy unit 442 is configured to: when the operation triggering unit 43 obtains the pre-write copy indication for each snapshot, copy the production volume data that needs to be modified into the snapshot shared resource volume; and the data in the shared mapping table The corresponding address is modified to the address of the data in the snapshot shared resource volume.
  • the data modification unit 443 is configured to determine, when the operation triggering unit 43 obtains the modification instruction for the specified snapshot, whether the data to be modified has been copied to the private resource volume of the specified snapshot, and if yes, directly modify the private resource volume of the specified snapshot.
  • the data of the corresponding address is copied; if not, the data to be modified is copied to the private resource volume of the specified snapshot, and the address of the data in the private resource volume of the specified snapshot is written into the private mapping table of the specified snapshot,
  • the private mapping table has a higher priority than the shared mapping table, and the data of the corresponding address in the private resource volume of the specified snapshot is modified.
  • the snapshot protection device of this embodiment can perform the corresponding snapshot protection method by referring to the fourth embodiment.
  • the copy creation unit of the snapshot protection apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention may simultaneously include the data copy unit, the table copy unit, the table copy subunit, the volume copy subunit, and the table sharing unit in the above embodiments 5-8.
  • the snapshot protection device can provide different copy creation modes at the same time.
  • the user can select the actual mode or determine the actual mode adopted by the system according to a certain rule.
  • subsequent operations on the snapshot copy should be performed in a corresponding manner.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts a method for creating a snapshot copy of a snapshot and performing operations on the snapshot and the snapshot copy respectively.
  • the snapshot data is backed up by using the snapshot copy, so that even if the snapshot data is modified, the method can be adopted.
  • the snapshot copy is used to restore the data at the snapshot time point, which provides effective protection for the snapshot.
  • a method for sharing a common data or even a shared mapping table between a snapshot copy and a snapshot is also provided, which can effectively save storage resources.

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Description

快照保护方法及装置
本申请要求于 2007 年 7 月 18 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710130363.7、 发明名称为"快照保护方法及装置 "的中国专利申请的优先 权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及数据保护技术领域, 具体涉及一种快照保护方法及装置。
背景技术
随着信息科学技术的广泛应用与不断发展,数据量迅猛增长,数据保护也 变得越来越重要。为能够在不中断主机业务的前提下,快速生成业务应用的数 据对象在某时间点的副本, 并占用较少的存储空间, 已经提出了虚拟快照技术 对业务运行中某个时刻的应用数据进行备份。在本文中,将为业务应用提供数 据存储和访问空间的卷称为生产卷。快照创建后,对快照的访问可以和对生产 卷的访问同时进行, 当生产卷希望恢复到快照时间点的数据时,可对生产卷执 行快照回滚, 在一定程度上保障了数据的可靠性和完整性。
现有虚拟快照技术的一般方法描述如下:
1、 在创建快照时, 生成一个映射表, 指示快照的实际数据的存放位置。 显然, 快照创建最初, 其映射表中的地址指针都指向生产卷中。 此过程的一个 示例如图 1所示, 快照通过映射表指示生产卷某时刻的数据, 比如 A、 B、 C、 D, 此时快照数据共享生产卷的数据存储空间。
2、 当要对生产卷做修改时,先将要改动部分的数据复制到快照的资源卷, 并修改快照的映射表, 使指针指向资源卷中相应位置, 然后对生产卷做修改, 这种方法称为写前拷贝 (COW: Copy-On- Write )„ 基于图 1 此过程的一个示 例如图 2所示, 当主机需要将生产卷中的数据" D"写为" F,时, 先将" D"复制到 快照的资源卷, 然后再将生产卷中的 "D"修改为 "E", 并修改快照的映射表,使 与数据 "D"对应的指针指向资源卷中相应位置。 当然, 如果对已经做了写前拷 贝的部分再次进行修改, 则可直接进行, 不再进行写前拷贝。
由上可以看出, 虚拟快照建立了一份创建时间点上生产卷数据的逻辑副 本, 快照数据与生产卷数据尽量共用物理存储空间。 当读快照时, 根据快照的 映射表中的映射信息, 到生产卷或快照的资源卷中相应的位置读取数据; 当写 快照时,根据映射表中的映射信息,如果要写入的部分已经指向快照的资源卷 中, 则根据指针将数据覆盖写入资源卷中相应位置; 如果要写入的部分仍然指 向生产卷中, 则将数据写入资源卷中, 并修改映射表, 使指针指向资源卷中相 应位置。
在提出本发明的过程中,本发明的发明人发现上述虚拟快照技术至少存在 如下缺陷: 无法对快照数据提供保护, 一旦用户修改了快照数据, 生产卷将无 法恢复到最初快照时间点的数据;并且不利于满足某些应用场合的要求,例如, 多台应用主机同时处理某时间点快照数据的要求等。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种能够对快照数据提供保护的快照保护方法, 包括: 获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示; 按照所述创建快照副本的指示,创建第 一快照的副本; 获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示; 按照所述 操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的操作。
本发明实施例还提供相应的快照保护装置, 包括: 保护触发单元, 用于获 取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示; 副本创建单元, 用于按照所述创建快照副 本的指示, 创建第一快照的副本; 操作触发单元, 用于获取对第一快照和 /或 第一快照的副本的操作指示; 操作执行单元, 用于按照所述操作指示, 对第一 快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的操作。
本发明实施例采用对快照创建快照副本,分别对快照和快照副本执行操作 的方法; 由于采用快照副本对快照数据进行备份, 使得即使修改了快照数据, 也可以通过快照副本来恢复快照时间点的数据,对快照提供了有效的保护; 同 时,基于快照和快照的若干副本, 能够满足对同一时间点快照数据的并行操作 要求, 例如, 可满足多台应用主机同时处理某时间点快照数据的要求等。
附图说明
图 1是现有虚拟快照创建示意图;
图 2是现有虚拟快照写前拷贝操作示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例一快照保护方法流程示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例一中通过数据拷贝创建快照副本示意图;
图 5是本发明实施例二快照保护方法流程示意图; 图 6是本发明实施例二中通过复制映射表创建快照副本示意图; 图 7是本发明实施例二中快照及快照副本写前拷贝示意图;
图 8是本发明实施例二中写快照示意图;
图 9是本发明实施例三快照保护方法流程示意图;
图 10是本发明实施例三中通过复制映射表和资源卷创建快照副本示意图; 图 11是本发明实施例四快照保护方法流程示意图;
图 12是本发明实施例四中通过共享映射表创建快照副本示意图; 图 13是本发明实施例四中快照及快照副本写前拷贝示意图;
图 14是本发明实施例四中写快照示意图;
图 15是本发明实施例五快照保护装置逻辑结构示意图;
图 16是本发明实施例六快照保护装置逻辑结构示意图;
图 17是本发明实施例七快照保护装置逻辑结构示意图;
图 18是本发明实施例八快照保护装置逻辑结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种快照保护方法,对快照创建快照副本,分别对快 照和快照副本执行操作。本发明实施例还提供相应的快照保护装置。 以下分别 进行详细说明。
实施例一、 一种快照保护方法, 流程如图 3所示, 包括:
A1、 获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
本实施例中的第一快照具有普遍的含义,即以映像方式进行数据保存的数 据对象。 第一快照可以是直接由生产卷创建的快照,也可以是执行了修改操作 后的快照; 并且如果创建的快照副本仍然保留映像式的数据结构, 即仍可称为 "快照", 则第一快照还可以是另一快照的副本, 也就是说可以指示对快照的副 本再创建副本。
对同一快照可一次或多次指示创建快照副本,创建快照副本的指示可以在 第一快照创建之初或创建之后随时作出。具体的指示下达方式和时机可根据应 用情况确定, 包括但不限于如下示例:
为保护快照的原始数据,可在需要对快照进行修改前,指示创建快照副本; 为保护修改后的快照, 可在进行快照修改后, 或在进行快照恢复前, 或在 进行再次修改前 , 指示创建修改后的快照副本;
为将快照提供给多台应用主机使用 ,可在快照创建之初即按照主机数目指 示创建不少于主机数目的快照副本,或按照需要随时指示创建快照副本, 以增 加快照数量。
A2、 按照所述创建快照副本的指示, 创建第一快照的副本。
创建快照的副本可采用各种能够完整保存快照数据信息的方式,包括但不 限于:
方式一、对与第一快照的映射表对应的数据进行数据拷贝, 以所述数据拷 贝的内容作为第一快照的副本。此方式的一个示例如图 4所示, 图 4中第一快照 保存了某时刻生产卷的数据映像, 比如 A、 B、 C、 D, 可通过数据拷贝将第一 快照复制若干份完整副本, 分别为快照副本 1〜! 1。 复制数量和时机由步骤 A1中 获取的创建快照副本的指示来确定, 快照副本的应用包括但不限于如下示例: 为保护第一快照, 指示创建第一快照的快照副本 1 , 当第一快照被修改, 而生产卷希望恢复到第一快照时间点的数据时, 先将快照副本 1完整复制到第 一快照, 然后对生产卷执行快照回滚;
为进行多主机应用, 指示创建第一快照的快照副本 1〜! 1, 然后根据应用需 求映射给多个主机;
为保护修改后的第一快照,每到第一快照修改后即指示创建修改后的第一 快照的快照副本。
方式二、采用映像式的数据结构创建第一快照的副本,使得快照和快照副 本部分共享或尽量共享数据存储空间。快照和快照副本可以只共享生产卷中的 数据,也可以共享写前拷贝数据等,这种方式创建的快照副本与快照具有相同 的数据结构形式, 同样可被视为生产卷的快照, 采用与快照相同的操作处理方 式。
A3、 获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示。
本文中所称操作指示包括保持数据对象内容不变的操作指示和对数据对 象执行修改的操作指示, 其中:
保持数据对象内容不变的操作包括:对快照或快照副本的读操作; 在快照 或快照副本采用映像式的数据结构的情况下,当数据映像发生修改时为保持快 照或快照副本的数据内容不变而进行的写前拷贝操作等。这类操作指示可对某 个指定的快照或快照副本作出, 也可对某些快照或快照副本作出。 例如, 可以 指示读某个指定的快照; 也可以由于生产卷数据修改,指示所有共享生产卷数 据的快照和快照副本执行写前拷贝操作。当然对于通过数据拷贝方式完整复制 获得的快照副本, 由于其采用独立的物理存储, 因此在生产卷数据修改时不会 对其造成影响。
对数据对象执行修改的操作包括对快照或快照副本的写操作、 恢复操作 等,这些操作通常会指示指定的执行对象, 例如指示写某个指定的快照或快照 副本。
此外, 为更好的控制快照和快照副本的可操作性,操作指示中还可包括一 类特别的状态设置指示,该指示通常对指定的快照或快照副本作出。通过指示 将指定快照或快照副本的状态设置为可用或不可用, 更好的进行数据保护,避 免误操作。 例如, 可规定当快照状态设置为不可用时, 不能对该快照执行修改 类操作, 以保证该快照数据内容不变; 该示例的一种应用场景为, 在某快照由 生产卷创建后,创建该快照的若干副本提供给应用或测试使用, 而将该快照设 置为不可用, 保证原始数据的完整与准确。
A4、 按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的操 作。
具体操作内容可按照操作指示执行,快照和快照副本均可作为独立的操作 对象。 需要说明的是, 基于快照副本的创建方式, 有可能在执行步骤 A2创建 快照副本的过程中需要进行数据内容的复制, 若在步骤 A2尚未完成时, 即快 照副本尚未创建完成时, 获取到步骤 A3的操作指示, 并且该操作指示涉及正 在创建中的快照副本, 可采用如下方式:
若操作指示是针对快照副本已复制部分的内容, 则按照指示执行即可; 若 操作指示针对的是快照副本未复制部分的内容,则可等待该部分复制后再执行 相应的操作。
本实施例采用对快照创建快照副本,分别对快照和快照副本执行操作的方 法; 由于采用快照副本对快照数据进行备份, 使得即使修改了快照数据, 也可 以通过快照副本来恢复快照时间点的数据, 对快照提供了有效的保护; 同时, 基于快照和快照的若干副本, 能够满足对同一时间点快照数据的并行操作要 求。
下面基于实施例一提出若干种采用创建快照副本的方式的保护快照的方 法。
实施例二、一种快照保护方法, 与实施例一中提供的通过数据拷贝创建快 照副本的方式相比, 区别之处在于采用复制映射表的方式创建快照副本, 流程 如图 5所示, 包括:
B 1、 获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
此步骤可参考实施例一中的步骤 Al。
B2、 按照所述创建快照副本的指示, 复制第一快照的映射表并创建第二 快照, 以所述复制的映射表作为第二快照的映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照 的副本。
此副本创建方式的一个示例如图 6所示,图 6中第一快照保存了某时刻生产 卷的数据映像, 比如 A、 B、 C、 D, 通过复制第一快照的映射表生成第二快照 作为第一快照的副本, 同理,还可以再次复制第一快照的映射表生成第三快照 作为第一快照的又一份副本(当然, 第三快照也可以是复制第二快照的映射表 得到的第二快照的副本)。
通过复制映射表生成的快照副本与原快照具有相同的数据结构形式,同样 可视为生产卷的快照, 可视同普通快照执行修改、 创建副本等操作。
B3、 获取对第一快照和 /或第二快照的操作指示。 此步骤可参考实施例一 中的步骤 A3 , 示例如下:
B31、 在生产卷发生数据修改时, 获取对各个快照的写前拷贝指示;
B32、 获取对指定快照的修改指示。
B4、 按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第二快照执行相应的操作。 例如, 对于步骤 B31获取的操作指示, 执行步骤如下:
B411、 将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷中;
B412、 将第一快照的映射表和第二快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址, 修改为该数据在所述快照共享资源卷中的地址。
基于图 6, 上述步骤 B411和 B412的示意图如图 7所示, 当主机需要将生产 卷中的数据" D"写为 "E"时, 先将" D"复制到快照的共享资源卷中, 然后再将生 产卷中的" D"修改为 "F,, 并修改各个快照的映射表, 使与数据" D"对应的指针 指向快照共享资源卷中相应位置。 由于图 7中第三快照同样共享生产卷数据, 因此也需要修改第三快照的映射表。 当然, 若主机修改的是已经进行了写前拷 贝的部分的生产卷数据, 则直接进行修改即可, 无须再进行写前拷贝操作。
由于在创建第二快照时需要复制第一快照的映射表,若在映射表尚未复制 完成时获取到写前拷贝指示, 则可判断该指示针对的映射信息是否已经被复 制, 若已经被复制, 则按上述过程执行该指示即可, 若尚未被复制, 即第二快 照与该指示相关的内容尚未被创建, 可认为该写前拷贝指示仅对第一快照作 出, 因此不必对创建中的第二快照执行该指示。
对于步骤 B32获取的操作指示, 执行步骤如下:
B421、 判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 若 是, 则执行步骤 B424; 若否, 则执行步骤 B422;
B422、 将需要修改的数据拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中;
B423、 将指定快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址, 修改为该数据在指 定快照的私有资源卷中的地址;
B424、 修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
基于图 7, 上述步骤 B421〜B424的示意图如图 8所示, 当主机需要将第一快 照中的数据" C"修改为 "F,时, 先将" C"复制到第一快照的私有资源卷, 然后将 第一快照的映射表中 "C"原来的地址信息修改为第一快照的私有资源卷中新的 地址信息, 再将第一快照的私有资源卷中的" C"修改为 "F,。 当然, 如果后续主 机还需要写第一快照, 若需要修改的数据已拷贝到快照私有资源卷中, 则可直 接写入私有资源卷中。 此外, 在执行上述步骤时, 也可省略步骤 B422, 直接 将要写入的数据写到快照私有资源卷中,然后修改快照映射表的相应指针指向 该已写入的数据即可。
本实施例中采用复制映射表的方式创建快照的副本 ,快照与快照的副本不 仅共享生产卷数据还具有共享资源卷,仅将对指定快照的修改部分存入其私有 资源卷, 使得快照及其副本尽量共享公共数据, 节省存储空间。 同时快照副本 具有与快照相同的用户属性,仍然是生产卷的快照,可以与快照一样进行操作 和处理。
实施例三、一种快照保护方法, 与实施例一中提供的通过数据拷贝创建快 照副本的方式相比 ,区别之处在于采用复制映射表和资源卷的方式创建快照副 本, 流程如图 9所示, 包括:
Cl、 获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
此步骤可参考实施例一中的步骤 Al。
C2、 按照所述创建快照副本的指示, 通过复制第一快照的映射表和资源 卷来创建第二快照, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本; 具体步骤包括:
C21、 复制第一快照的映射表中的映射信息;
C22、 判断所复制的映射信息中的地址是否指向第一快照的资源卷, 若是 则执行步骤 C23; 若否, 则继续执行步骤 C21 , 复制第一快照的映射表中的另 一映射信息;
C23、 将第一快照的资源卷中所述地址对应的数据复制到第二快照的资源 卷中 ,并使第二快照的映射表中该部分的映射信息指向第二快照的资源卷中的 相应地址,然后继续执行步骤 C21 ,复制第一快照的映射表中的另一映射信息; C24、 第一快照的映射表复制完成。
此副本创建方式的一个示例如图 10所示,图 10中第一快照保存了某时刻生 产卷的数据映像, 比如, A、 B、 C、 D, 其中数据八、 B、 C指向生产卷, 数据 D指向第一快照的资源卷。 通过复制第一快照的映射表生成第二快照的映射 表, 对于数据 、 B、 C, 仅复制其映射信息, 在复制数据 D的映射信息时, 由 于该数据指向第一快照的资源卷 , 因此需要复制数据 D到第二快照的资源卷, 然后将第二快照的映射表中数据 D的映射信息指向第二快照的资源卷中的相 应地址。 同理,还可以再次复制第一快照的映射表和资源卷生成第三快照作为 第一快照的又一份副本(当然, 第三快照也可以是复制第二快照的映射表和资 源卷得到的第二快照的副本)。
通过复制映射表和资源卷生成的快照副本与现有快照性质完全相同,因此 可完全按照现有方式对其进行操作。
C3、 获取对第一快照和 /或第二快照的操作指示。 此步骤可参考实施例一 中的步骤 A3 , 示例如下: C31、 在生产卷发生数据修改时, 获取对各个快照的写前拷贝指示; C4、 按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第二快照执行相应的操作。 例如, 对于步骤 C31获取的操作指示, 执行步骤如下:
C411、 将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到各个快照的资源卷中;
C412、 将各个快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址, 修改为该数据在对 应的快照的资源卷中的地址。
由于本实施例中快照和快照副本均与现有快照性质相同,因此对其执行写 前拷贝操作的方式可采用现有快照进行写前拷贝的处理方式。 当然, 与实施例 二中类似, 若执行写前拷贝时, 第二快照的映射表尚未复制完成, 则可判断该 指示针对的映射信息是否已经被复制, 若已经被复制, 则按上述过程执行该指 示即可, 若尚未被复制, 即第二快照与该指示相关的内容尚未被创建, 可认为 该写前拷贝指示仅对第一快照作出, 因此不必对创建中的第二快照执行该指 示。
若步骤 C3中获取的是对指定快照的修改指示, 例如对第一快照或第二快 照的修改指示, 同样可按照现有写快照的方式执行, 不再赞述。
本实施例中采用复制映射表和资源卷的方式创建快照的副本,创建的快照 副本与现有快照性质完全相同,因此对快照副本的处理方式可以与现有对快照 的处理方式完全一样, 不会增加系统处理的复杂度。
实施例四、一种快照保护方法, 与实施例一中提供的通过数据拷贝创建快 照副本的方式相比, 区别之处在于采用共享映射表的方式创建快照副本, 流程 如图 11所示, 包括:
D 1、 获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
此步骤可参考实施例一中的步骤 Al。
D2、 按照所述创建快照副本的指示, 创建第二快照, 以第一快照的映射 表作为第一快照和第二快照的共享映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
此副本创建方式的一个示例如图 12所示,图 12中第一快照保存了某时刻生 产卷的数据映像, 比如, A、 B、 C、 D, 通过将第一快照的映射表作为第一快 照和第二快照的共享映射表创建第二快照作为第一快照的副本, 同理,还可以 将该共享映射表作为第三快照的映射表创建第一快照的又一份副本(当然, 第 三快照也可视为第二快照的副本)。
通过共享映射表生成的快照副本与原快照具有相同的数据结构形式,同样 可视为生产卷的快照, 可视同普通快照执行修改、 创建副本等操作。
D3、 获取对第一快照和 /或第二快照的操作指示。 此步骤可参考实施例一 中的步骤 A3 , 示例如下:
D31、 在生产卷发生数据修改时, 获取对各个快照的写前拷贝指示; D32、 获取对指定快照的修改指示。
D4、 按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第二快照执行相应的操作。 例如, 对于步骤 D31获取的操作指示, 执行步骤如下:
D411、 将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷中;
D412、 将所述共享映射表中与该数据对应的地址, 修改为该数据在所述 快照共享资源卷中的地址。
基于图 12, 上述步骤 D411和 D412的示意图如图 13所示, 当主机需要将生 产卷中的数据 "D"写为 "E"时, 先将" D"复制到快照的共享资源卷, 然后再将生 产卷中的" D"修改为 "F,, 并修改快照的共享映射表, 使与数据" D"对应的指针 指向快照共享资源卷中相应位置。 由于快照及其副本使用同一个共享映射表, 因此只需进行一次修改即可。
对于步骤 D32获取的操作指示, 执行步骤如下:
D421、 判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 若 是, 则执行步骤 D424; 若否, 则执行步骤 D422;
D422、 将需要修改的数据拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中;
D423、 将该数据在指定快照的私有资源卷中的地址写入指定快照的私有 映射表中, 所述私有映射表的优先级高于所述共享映射表;
D424、 修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
基于图 13 , 上述步骤 D421〜D424的示意图如图 14所示, 当主机需要将第一 快照中的数据 "C"修改为 "F,时, 先将" C"复制到第一快照的私有资源卷中, 然 后创建一个私有映射表,保存指向私有资源卷中的数据地址,再将私有资源卷 中的" C"修改为 "F,。 此时, 对于第一快照而言, 同一数据就保存了两个地址, 由于私有映射表的优先级较高,第一快照会认为私有映射表中的地址是真实地 址。 当然, 如果后续主机还需要写第一快照, 若需要修改的数据已拷贝到快照 私有资源卷中, 则可直接写入私有资源卷中。 此外, 在执行上述步骤时, 也可 省略步骤 D422, 直接将要写入的数据写到快照私有资源卷中, 然后将该写入 的数据的地址保存入快照的私有映射表即可。
本实施例中采用共享映射表的方式创建快照的副本,快照与快照的副本不 仅尽量共享公共数据, 还尽量共享映射表信息, 最大程度的节省了存储空间。
应当理解, 实现本发明快照保护方法的软件可以存储于计算机可读介质 中。该软件的在执行时, 包括如下步骤:获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示; 按照所述创建快照副本的指示,创建第一快照的副本; 获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示; 按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第一快 照的副本执行相应的操作。 所述的可读介质, 如: ROM/RAM、磁碟、 光盘等。
下面对本发明实施例的快照保护装置进行伴细说明。
实施例五、 一种快照保护装置 10, 如图 15所示, 包括:
保护触发单元 11 , 用于获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
副本创建单元 12, 用于按照保护触发单元 11获取的创建快照副本的指示, 创建第一快照的副本。
操作触发单元 13 , 用于获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示。 操作执行单元 14, 用于按照操作触发单元 13获取的操作指示,对第一快照 和 /或副本创建单元 12创建的第一快照的副本执行相应的操作。
为更好的控制快照和快照副本的可操作性,操作触发单元 13获取的操作指 示中可包括,对指定快照的状态设置指示;相应的操作执行单元 14中可包括状 态控制单元 141 ,用于在操作触发单元 13获取到对指定快照的状态设置指示时, 将指定快照的状态设置为可用或不可用。
本实施例快照保护装置可参照实施例一执行相应的快照保护方法。当副本 创建单元 12采用实施例一中提供的数据拷贝方式进行快照副本创建时,副本创 建单元 12可由数据拷贝单元来充当,用于对与第一快照的映射表对应的数据进 行数据拷贝, 以所述数据拷贝的内容作为第一快照的副本。
实施例六、 一种快照保护装置 20, 如图 16所示, 包括:
保护触发单元 21 , 用于获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。 充当副本创建单元的表复制单元 22,用于按照保护触发单元 21获取的创建 快照副本的指示, 复制第一快照的映射表并创建第二快照, 以所述复制的映射 表作为第二快照的映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
操作触发单元 23 , 用于获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示。 所获取的操作指示包括, 生产卷发生数据修改时对各个快照的写前拷贝指示、 对指定快照的修改指示、 对指定快照的状态设置指示等。
操作执行单元 24, 用于按照操作触发单元 23获取的操作指示,对第一快照 和 /或副本创建单元 22创建的第一快照的副本执行相应的操作 , 具体可包括: 状态控制单元 241 , 用于在操作触发单元 23获取到对指定快照的状态设置 指示时, 将指定快照的状态设置为可用或不可用;
写前拷贝单元 242, 用于在操作触发单元 23获取到对各个快照的写前拷贝 指示时,将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷中; 将第一快照的映 射表和第二快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为该数据在所述快照共 享资源卷中的地址;
数据修改单元 243 , 用于在操作触发单元 23获取到对指定快照的修改指示 时, 判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 若是, 则直 接修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据; 若否, 则将需要修改的数据 拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 将指定快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地 址,修改为该数据在指定快照的私有资源卷中的地址,修改指定快照的私有资 源卷中相应地址的数据。
本实施例快照保护装置可参照实施例二执行相应的快照保护方法。
实施例七、 一种快照保护装置 30, 如图 17所示, 包括:
保护触发单元 31 , 用于获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
副本创建单元 32, 包括:
表复制子单元 321 ,用于按照保护触发单元 31获取的创建快照副本的指示, 创建第二快照并复制第一快照的映射表作为第二快照的映射表,以第二快照作 为第一快照的副本;
卷复制子单元 322, 用于在表复制子单元 321复制第一快照的映射表时, 判 断所复制部分的映射信息是否指向第一快照的资源卷, 若是, 则将第一快照的 资源卷中相应地址的数据复制到第二快照的资源卷中,并使第二快照的映射表 中该部分的映射信息指向第二快照的资源卷中的相应地址。
操作触发单元 33 , 用于获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示。 所获取的操作指示包括, 生产卷发生数据修改时对各个快照的写前拷贝指示、 对指定快照的状态设置指示等;
操作执行单元 34, 用于按照操作触发单元 33获取的操作指示,对第一快照 和 /或副本创建单元 32创建的第一快照的副本执行相应的操作 , 具体可包括: 状态控制单元 341 , 用于在操作触发单元 33获取到对指定快照的状态设置 指示时, 将指定快照的状态设置为可用或不可用;
写前拷贝单元 342, 用于在操作触发单元 33获取到对各个快照的写前拷贝 指示时,将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到各个快照的资源卷中; 将各个快照的 映射表中与该数据对应的地址, 修改为该数据在对应的快照的资源卷中的地 址。
本实施例快照保护装置可参照实施例二执行相应的快照保护方法。
实施例八、 一种快照保护装置 40, 如图 18所示, 包括:
保护触发单元 41 , 用于获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示。
充当副本创建单元的表共享单元 42,用于按照保护触发单元 41获取的创建 快照副本的指示,创建第二快照, 以第一快照的映射表作为第一快照和第二快 照的共享映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
操作触发单元 43 , 用于获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示。 所获取的操作指示包括, 生产卷发生数据修改时对各个快照的写前拷贝指示、 对指定快照的修改指示、 对指定快照的状态设置指示等。
操作执行单元 44, 用于按照操作触发单元 43获取的操作指示,对第一快照 和 /或副本创建单元 42创建的第一快照的副本执行相应的操作 , 具体可包括: 状态控制单元 441 , 用于在操作触发单元 43获取到对指定快照的状态设置 指示时, 将指定快照的状态设置为可用或不可用;
写前拷贝单元 442, 用于在操作触发单元 43获取到对各个快照的写前拷贝 指示时,将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷中; 将所述共享映射 表中与该数据对应的地址, 修改为该数据在所述快照共享资源卷中的地址。 数据修改单元 443 , 用于在操作触发单元 43获取到对指定快照的修改指示 时, 判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 若是, 则直 接修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据; 若否, 则将需要修改的数据 拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中,将该数据在指定快照的私有资源卷中的地址 写入指定快照的私有映射表中, 所述私有映射表的优先级高于所述共享映射 表, 修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
本实施例快照保护装置可参照实施例四执行相应的快照保护方法。
应当理解的是,本发明实施例快照保护装置的副本创建单元可同时包括上 述实施例五〜八中的数据拷贝单元、 表复制单元、 表复制子单元、 卷复制子单 元、表共享单元, 使得快照保护装置能够同时提供不同的副本创建方式, 在需 要创建快照副本时,可由用户选择实际采用的方式或按照某种规则由系统确定 实际采用的方式。 当然, 若确定采用上述方式中的某方式创建了快照副本, 则 后续对该快照副本的操作应当按照对应的方式进行。
通过上述实施例可以看出,本发明实施例采用对快照创建快照副本,分别 对快照和快照副本执行操作的方法; 由于采用快照副本对快照数据进行备份, 使得即使修改了快照数据,也可以通过快照副本来恢复快照时间点的数据,对 快照提供了有效的保护; 同时, 基于快照和快照的若干副本, 能够满足对同一 时间点快照数据的并行操作要求。此外,在本发明实施例中还提供使快照副本 和快照共享公共数据甚至共享映射表的方法, 能够有效节省存储资源。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的快照保护方法和装置进行了详细介绍,本文 只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想; 同时,对于本领域的一般技术 人员, 依据本发明的思想, 在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综 上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示;
按照所述创建快照副本的指示, 创建第一快照的副本;
获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示;
按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的操作。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述创建第一快照 的副本的步骤包括:
对与第一快照的映射表对应的数据进行数据拷贝,以所述数据拷贝的内容 作为第一快照的副本。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述创建第一快照 的副本的步骤包括:
复制第一快照的映射表并创建第二快照,以所述复制的映射表作为第二快 照的映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述操作指示为生 产卷发生数据修改时, 对各个快照的写前拷贝指示;
则所述对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的操作的步骤具体包 括:
将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷中;
将第一快照的映射表和第二快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为 该数据在所述快照共享资源卷中的地址。
5、根据权利要求 3所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述操作指示为对 指定快照的修改指示; 则所述对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的操 作的步骤具体包括:
判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 若是, 则直 接修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据; 若否, 则
将需要修改的数据拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中;
将指定快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为该数据在指定快照的 私有资源卷中的地址; 修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述创建第一快照 的副本的步骤包括:
创建第二快照并复制第一快照的映射表作为第二快照的映射表,以第二快 照作为第一快照的副本;
在复制第一快照的映射表时,判断所复制部分的映射信息是否指向第一快 照的资源卷, 若是, 则将第一快照的资源卷中相应地址的数据复制到第二快照 的资源卷中 ,并使第二快照的映射表中该部分的映射信息指向第二快照的资源 卷中的相应地址。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述操作指示为生 产卷发生数据修改时, 对各个快照的写前拷贝指示; 则所述对第一快照和 /或 第一快照的副本执行相应的操作的步骤具体包括:
将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到各个快照的资源卷中;
将各个快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为该数据在对应的快照 的资源卷中的地址。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述创建第一快照 的副本的步骤包括:
创建第二快照 ,以第一快照的映射表作为第一快照和第二快照的共享映射 表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述操作指示为生 产卷发生数据修改时, 对各个快照的写前拷贝指示, 则所述对第一快照和 /或 第一快照的副本执行相应的操作的步骤具体包括:
将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷中;
将所述共享映射表中与该数据对应的地址 ,修改为该数据在所述快照共享 资源卷中的地址。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述操作指示为 对指定快照的修改指示 , 则所述对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本执行相应的 操作的步骤具体包括:
判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中, 若是, 则直 接修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据; 若否, 则
将需要修改的数据拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中;
将该数据在指定快照的私有资源卷中的地址写入指定快照的私有映射表 中, 所述私有映射表的优先级高于所述共享映射表;
修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
11、根据权利要求 3〜10任意一项所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述 第一快照为另一快照的副本。
12、根据权利要求 1〜10任意一项所述的快照保护方法, 其特征在于, 所述 操作指示为对指定快照的状态设置指示, 则所述对第一快照和 /或第一快照的 副本执行相应的操作的步骤具体包括:
将指定快照的状态设置为可用或不可用。
13、 一种快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
保护触发单元, 用于获取对第一快照创建快照副本的指示;
副本创建单元,用于按照所述创建快照副本的指示,创建第一快照的副本; 操作触发单元, 用于获取对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副本的操作指示; 操作执行单元, 用于按照所述操作指示, 对第一快照和 /或第一快照的副 本执行相应的操作。
14、根据权利要求 13所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述副本创建单 元包括数据拷贝单元, 用于对与第一快照的映射表对应的数据进行数据拷贝, 以所述数据拷贝的内容作为第一快照的副本。
15、根据权利要求 13所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述副本创建单 元包括表复制单元, 用于复制第一快照的映射表并创建第二快照, 以所述复制 的映射表作为第二快照的映射表 , 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
16、根据权利要求 15所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述操作触发单 元获取的操作指示包括, 生产卷发生数据修改时对各个快照的写前拷贝指示; 所述操作执行单元包括写前拷贝单元,用于在所述操作触发单元获取到对 各个快照的写前拷贝指示时,将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷 中; 将第一快照的映射表和第二快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为 该数据在所述快照共享资源卷中的地址。
17、根据权利要求 15所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述操作触发单 元获取的操作指示包括, 对指定快照的修改指示;
所述操作执行单元包括数据修改单元,用于在所述操作触发单元获取到对 指定快照的修改指示时,判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资 源卷中, 若是, 则直接修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据; 若否, 则将需要修改的数据拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷中 ,将指定快照的映射表中 与该数据对应的地址,修改为该数据在指定快照的私有资源卷中的地址,修改 指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
18、根据权利要求 13所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述副本创建单 元包括:
表复制子单元,用于创建第二快照并复制第一快照的映射表作为第二快照 的映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本;
卷复制子单元, 用于在所述表复制子单元复制第一快照的映射表时, 判断 所复制部分的映射信息是否指向第一快照的资源卷, 若是, 则将第一快照的资 源卷中相应地址的数据复制到第二快照的资源卷中,并使第二快照的映射表中 该部分的映射信息指向第二快照的资源卷中的相应地址。
19、根据权利要求 18所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述操作触发单 元获取的操作指示包括, 生产卷发生数据修改时对各个快照的写前拷贝指示; 所述操作执行单元包括写前拷贝单元,用于在所述操作触发单元获取到对 各个快照的写前拷贝指示时,将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到各个快照的资源 卷; 将各个快照的映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为该数据在对应的快照 的资源卷中的地址。
20、根据权利要求 13所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述副本创建单 元包括表共享单元, 用于创建第二快照, 以第一快照的映射表作为第一快照和 第二快照的共享映射表, 以第二快照作为第一快照的副本。
21、根据权利要求 20所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述操作触发单 元获取的操作指示包括, 生产卷发生数据修改时对各个快照的写前拷贝指示; 所述操作执行单元包括写前拷贝单元,用于在所述操作触发单元获取到对 各个快照的写前拷贝指示时,将需要修改的生产卷数据拷贝到快照共享资源卷 中; 将所述共享映射表中与该数据对应的地址,修改为该数据在所述快照共享 资源卷中的地址。
22、根据权利要求 20所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述操作触发单 元获取的操作指示包括, 为对指定快照的修改指示;
所述操作执行单元包括数据修改单元,用于在所述操作触发单元获取到对 指定快照的修改指示时,判断需要修改的数据是否已拷贝到指定快照的私有资 源卷中, 若是, 则直接修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据; 若否, 则将需要修改的数据拷贝到指定快照的私有资源卷,将该数据在指定快照的私 有资源卷中的地址写入指定快照的私有映射表中,所述私有映射表的优先级高 于所述共享映射表, 修改指定快照的私有资源卷中相应地址的数据。
23、 根据权利要求 13〜22任意一项所述的快照保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述操作触发单元获取的操作指示包括, 对指定快照的状态设置指示;
所述操作执行单元包括状态控制单元,用于在所述操作触发单元获取到对 指定快照的状态设置指示时, 将指定快照的状态设置为可用或不可用。
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CN101093459A (zh) * 2007-07-18 2007-12-26 华为技术有限公司 快照保护方法及装置

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US8688936B2 (en) 2008-10-30 2014-04-01 International Business Machines Corporation Point-in-time copies in a cascade using maps and fdisks
US8713272B2 (en) 2008-10-30 2014-04-29 International Business Machines Corporation Point-in-time copies in a cascade using maps and fdisks
US8719523B2 (en) 2011-10-03 2014-05-06 International Business Machines Corporation Maintaining multiple target copies
US8732419B2 (en) 2011-10-03 2014-05-20 International Business Machines Corporation Maintaining multiple target copies
CN109614055A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-12 杭州宏杉科技股份有限公司 快照创建方法、装置、电子设备及机器可读存储介质
CN109614055B (zh) * 2018-12-21 2022-11-04 杭州宏杉科技股份有限公司 快照创建方法、装置、电子设备及机器可读存储介质

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