WO2009009977A1 - Procédé de commutation maître/secours pour un dispositif de routage et système de secours pour un dispositif de routage - Google Patents

Procédé de commutation maître/secours pour un dispositif de routage et système de secours pour un dispositif de routage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009009977A1
WO2009009977A1 PCT/CN2008/071301 CN2008071301W WO2009009977A1 WO 2009009977 A1 WO2009009977 A1 WO 2009009977A1 CN 2008071301 W CN2008071301 W CN 2008071301W WO 2009009977 A1 WO2009009977 A1 WO 2009009977A1
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Prior art keywords
backup
group
advanced
groups
standby
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PCT/CN2008/071301
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Yuanxiang Qiu
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Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009009977A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009009977A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
    • G06F11/2023—Failover techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an active/standby switching technology, and more particularly to an active/standby switching method and a routing device backup system for a routing device. Background of the invention
  • VRRP organizes a group of routers on a subnet, including a master device and a plurality of backup devices, into a virtual router, which is called a backup group.
  • Each backup group has a virtual IP address.
  • the host in the subnet only needs to know the virtual IP address of the backup group and set the virtual IP address of the backup group to the next hop address of the default route.
  • the host can communicate with the external network through the backup group.
  • the primary device in the backup group assumes the gateway function. However, once the primary device that assumes the gateway function in the backup group fails, the remaining backup devices will replace it to continue to perform the gateway duties, thus ensuring the network.
  • the host communicates with the external network without interruption, that is, once the primary device in the backup group fails, the primary and backup switches are performed.
  • the specific process of performing the active/standby switchover is as follows: When the routing device that is the primary device of the backup group fails, the active device of the standby group switches itself to the standby device of the backup group, and the priority in the backup group The highest-level standby device switches itself to the primary device of the backup group.
  • the next hop address of the terminal does not change when the routing device of the primary device that is the primary device of the VRRP group is faulty, so that the terminal can be connected to the corresponding virtual routing device, thereby maintaining the network. It is not affected by a single point of failure due to switching of routing devices at different addresses.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an active/standby switching method and a route backup system of a routing device, so as to implement switching between a primary device and a standby device in the backup group.
  • the active/standby switching method of the routing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the primary device sends, to the standby device, a message indicating that the active device is running normally for the advanced backup group;
  • the at least two backup groups perform the active/standby switchover at the same time.
  • the active/standby switching method of the routing device includes:
  • a routing device backup system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: at least two backup groups, wherein the at least two backup groups have the same active device and standby device, and the at least two backup groups include one The selected advanced backup group;
  • the primary device is configured to send, to the standby device, a packet indicating that the primary device is in normal operation for the advanced backup group;
  • the standby device is configured to receive the packet indicating that the active device is in normal operation, and trigger the at least two backups when the packet indicating that the active device is in normal operation is not received within a preset period.
  • the group performs the active/standby switchover.
  • the primary device when at least two backup groups have the same primary device and backup device, although the primary device only sends a message to the backup device indicating that the primary device is operating normally for the advanced backup group, The packet can be learned whether the active device is working properly. If the received packet indicates that the active device is not working properly for the advanced backup group, it is obvious that the active device is not normal for other backup groups. With the present invention, switching between the primary device and the standby device in the backup group can be displayed.
  • the primary device since the primary device only sends the primary device to the backup device for the advanced backup group. A packet running normally does not need to be sent to all the backup groups to indicate that the active device is running normally. That is, the number of packets matching the normal operation of the primary device is not required to be sent, which reduces the number of packets in the network. Traffic, saving network bandwidth resources.
  • the standby device only needs to receive and process a message indicating that the primary device is running normally, and it can be known that the primary device that is the plurality of backup groups is in a normal working state, and does not receive the same number of backup groups as the backup group. If the active device is running normally, the packets that indicate that the active device is running normally will not be processed in time, and the packets indicating that the active device is running normally will not be discarded. The probability of network oscillating is greatly reduced.
  • the primary device does not need to send a packet indicating that the primary device is running normally for each backup group, so that the number of packets between the routing devices does not increase with the number of the backup group. Therefore, the number of backup groups supported by multiple routing devices can be increased without increasing the number of routing devices, that is, without additional cost. Moreover, the number of backup groups supported by the same multiple routing devices can be multiplied, without increasing the number of packets between routing devices, and not increasing the burden of routing devices acting as backup devices of the backup group. In the existing solution, the number of packets between routing devices can be greatly reduced when the number of backup groups is increased.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a method for switching between active and standby routes of a routing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a route backup system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the routing device For a backup group, when the routing device as its primary device works normally, its primary device sends a route to other routing devices that are backup devices of the backup group in a preset advertising period ( Advertisement_Interval, Adver Int).
  • Advertisement_Interval Adver Int
  • a packet indicating that the active device is working properly for example, a VRRP-based advertisement, to notify other routing devices of the current status.
  • the routing device of the active device is in normal working state.
  • the routing device that is the standby device does not receive a packet indicating that the active device is working normally, for example, during the advertised period, that is, when the standby device receives the timeout, the active/standby switchover is performed.
  • the existing advertisement packet usually includes the following fields: the protocol version number (Version), for example, the Version 2 of the VRRP (VRRPv2) is 2; the VRRP packet type (Type), for example, the VRRP-based Advertisement 4
  • the value of the backup group is 1; the virtual router number (VRR), which is the backup group number, can range from 1 to 255; the priority (Priority), which can range from 0 to 255; The number of addresses (Count IP Addrs); the type of authentication (Auth Type), which indicates the mechanism used to authenticate the received message; Adver Int, which can be in seconds, the default value can be 1 second; 16-bit Checksum is used to detect data corruption in VRRP packets.
  • IP address (IP Address) 1 ⁇ IP Address n which represents the virtual IP address entry of the VRRP group. n is equal to Count IP Addrs; Authentication Data ) 1 and Authentication Data 2.
  • the routing device that is the primary device of the VRRP group and the routing device that serves as the backup device of the VRRP group you need to set the routing group priority, packet authentication information, timer, and other backup group parameters of the VRRP group.
  • the inventor of the present application found that, in a backup group, the amount of information that the active device needs to send to the backup device indicating that the active device is working normally is large.
  • the inventor of the present application finds that, because the same multiple routing devices can simultaneously correspond to multiple subnets, the VRRP technology can enable the same multiple routing devices to simultaneously support multiple backup groups, that is, the same primary device and Several spare devices act as backup groups for different subnets at the same time.
  • the number of backup groups consisting of the same primary device and several standby devices is equal to the number of virtual IP addresses that the same primary device and several standby devices have.
  • the routing device that is the primary device of each backup group sends one to each routing device that is the standby device of the backup group.
  • the routing device acting as the primary device will send 1000 Advertisements to the routing device acting as the standby device in one advertised period. Message.
  • the more the number of backup groups the more the advertisements between the routing devices will be. If the number of advertisements reaches a certain number, the advertisement packets may flood, causing network traffic congestion and affecting other services. Forwarding of traffic.
  • the advertisement packet needs to be processed by the CPU in the routing device that receives the packet.
  • the CPU processing capability of the routing device is limited, when a large number of Advertisement packets are simultaneously flooded, the routing device is likely to be due to the Advertisement packet. Too many cannot be processed in time, or the hardware queue overflows and the Advertisement packet is discarded. As a result, the backup device receives the timeout and switches to the active device, causing network flapping and affecting traffic forwarding in the network.
  • the existing method generally limits the number of backup groups supported by the same multiple routing devices to less than 300, but this limits the application of the VRRP technology and cannot meet the actual needs of more backup groups. If you need more backup groups, you can only increase the number of routing devices. For example, when 600 backup groups are required, four routing devices are provided. Each of the two routing devices supports 300 backup groups, but this will cause hardware. The cost has doubled as the backup group has increased.
  • the primary device and at least one backup device support multiple backup groups at the same time, only the primary device sends a message to the at least one standby device for indicating that the primary device is running normally. If the at least one standby device receives the timeout, all the multiple backup groups perform the active/standby switchover.
  • the multiple backup groups are bundled, and then one of the bundled multiple backup groups is elected as the advanced backup group, and the other backup groups are followed by the advanced backup group. State switching.
  • the elected advanced backup group represents all the backup groups that are bundled, and the routing device that serves as the primary device of all the backup groups only needs to send the advanced backup to the routing device that is the standby device of the backup group in one notification period.
  • the packets indicating that the active device is running normally do not need to send packets equal to the number of backup groups to indicate that the primary device is running normally. This reduces traffic on the network and saves network bandwidth resources.
  • the routing device that is the backup device of all the backup groups receives a packet indicating that the active device is running normally, the routing device that is the primary device of all the backup groups is in a normal working state, and is not received at the same time. If the number of the backup group is equal to the number of the backup group, the packets indicating the normal operation of the active device will not be processed in time, and the received packets indicating that the active device is running normally will not be processed. The device is running normally.
  • the primary device of all the backup groups does not need to send packets indicating that the primary device is running normally, and the number of packets between the routing devices does not increase with the increase of the number of backup groups.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a method for switching between active and standby routes of a routing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the active/standby switchover method of the routing device in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Elect a backup group from at least two backup groups as an advanced backup group.
  • the active devices of at least two backup groups are the same routing device, and the standby devices of at least two backup groups are the same at least one routing device.
  • any one of at least two backup groups may be manually set in a routing device that is the primary device of at least two backup groups and a routing device that is a backup device of at least two backup groups.
  • the backup group is set to an advanced backup group. For example, set a special identifier corresponding to its number for any one of the backup groups, and the routing device that is the primary device of at least two backup groups and the standby device that is the backup device of at least two backup groups.
  • Advanced backup group set up in the routing device The same is true; or, in the automatic setting mode, the routing device that is the primary device of the at least two backup groups and the routing device that is the standby device of the at least two backup groups negotiate any one of the at least two backup groups.
  • a routing device that is the primary device of at least two backup groups randomly elects one backup group from at least two backup groups as an advanced backup group, and notifies the route of the backup device as at least two backup groups. device.
  • Step 102 The primary device of the advanced backup group sends a packet indicating that the active device is running normally to the standby device in the backup group. That is, the active device sends a packet to the standby device indicating that the active device is running normally for the advanced backup group.
  • Step 103 When the backup device of the advanced backup group receives the timeout, at least two backup groups perform the active/standby switchover at the same time.
  • the primary device that is the at least two backup groups switches itself to the backup device of the at least two backup groups, and at the same time, the backup device that is the two backup groups switches itself to the at least two backups.
  • the primary device of the group
  • the backup device with the highest priority in the advanced backup group switches itself to the active device of the at least two backup groups.
  • the active/standby switchover method of the routing device does not need to be used as a routing device of all the backup group master devices to send packets indicating that the master device is running normally.
  • the routing device only needs to send packets indicating that the primary device is running normally for the advanced backup group, so that the number of packets between the routing devices does not increase with the number of backup groups, so the route can be increased without adding routes.
  • the at least two backup groups are set to the bundled state.
  • the active device sends a report to the standby device indicating that the active device is running as the advanced backup group. If the standby device receives the timeout, all the backup groups set to the bundled state perform the active/standby switchover, so that the masters of at least two backup groups set to the bundled state are configured. In the standby state, the advanced backup group transitions are followed, so that the number of backup groups set to the bundled state can be arbitrarily expanded.
  • the active/standby switchover is completely dependent on the advanced backup group. Therefore, in the case of manually setting the advanced backup group, in the routing device that is the primary device of at least two backup groups, and as at least two backups. In the routing device of the standby device of the group, only the priority in the advanced backup group needs to be considered when setting the priority of the routing device, regardless of its priority in other backup groups except the advanced backup group. You only need to set the authentication information of the advanced backup group.
  • the authentication mechanism of the advanced backup group can be the same as that of the existing backup group. You do not need to set the authentication information of the backup group other than the advanced backup group. You only need to set the timer of the advanced VRRP group to determine the advertised period.
  • the timer configuration of the VRRP group other than the advanced VRRP group does not take effect.
  • Other backup groups other than the advanced backup group do not need to consider the virtual IP address.
  • Other backup groups except the advanced backup group do not elect the primary device separately, and completely follow the state transition of the advanced backup group.
  • the embodiment of the present invention only needs to set the backup group parameters of the advanced backup group, and does not need to set the backup group parameters of all the backup groups in the routing device of the primary device of at least two backup groups and as at least two backups.
  • the group of spare devices in the routing device thereby reducing the complexity of parameter settings in the routing device.
  • the election of the advanced backup group in the auto-negotiation mode it is not possible to determine which of the at least two backup groups the elected advanced backup group is in advance. Therefore, it is preferable to prioritize and report the routing devices in all the backup groups.
  • the backup group parameters such as the text authentication information and timer are set in the routing device.
  • the virtual IP address of each backup group and the number of each backup group are set as the masters of at least two backup groups.
  • the packet indicating that the active device is running normally may be an advertisement packet or other custom packet.
  • the text type can be regarded as the receiving timeout when it does not receive the Advertisement text or other custom text for a long time.
  • the packets on the master device running for senior numbered backup group Advertisement packets, shellfish 1 J Advertisement packets VRID is elected; if the packets on the master device running a custom message, Preferably, the message should also include the number of the elected advanced backup group.
  • routing device backup system in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
  • the routing device backup system in this embodiment includes: at least two backup groups, wherein at least two backup groups include a pre-selected advanced backup group.
  • the primary devices of the at least two backup groups are the same routing device, and the backup devices of the at least two backup groups are the same at least one routing device.
  • the primary device of the advanced backup group in the at least two backup groups is configured to send a packet indicating that the active device is running normally to the standby device in the advanced backup group, that is, sending the advanced backup group to the backup device. Indicates the packet that the active device is running normally.
  • the standby device is configured to receive the packet indicating that the primary device is in normal operation, and trigger the at least two backups when the receiving timeout occurs, that is, the packet indicating that the primary device is in normal operation is not received within the preset period.
  • the group performs active/standby switchover at the same time.
  • the primary device of all the backup groups does not need to send the packets indicating that the primary device is running normally, and the number of packets between the routing devices does not increase with the number of the backup groups. Therefore, the number of backup groups supported by multiple routing devices can be increased without adding routing devices. Since the number of backup groups is increased, there is no need to add routing devices, so that the above system does not require additional cost.
  • any one of the at least two backup groups may be set as a routing device of the primary device that is the at least two backup groups and a routing device that is the standby device of the at least two backup groups.
  • the advanced backup group is the same as the advanced backup group set in the routing device of the standby device of the at least two backup groups, that is, the advanced backup group is manually set. .
  • the routing device that is the primary device of at least two backup groups and the routing device that serves as the backup device of at least two backup groups only the advanced backup group is required.
  • the backup group parameters such as the priority of the routing device, packet authentication information, and timers in the advanced backup group are used to set the parameters of the routing device.
  • the routing device that is the primary device of the at least two backup groups may negotiate with the routing device that is the standby device of the at least two backup groups to determine the same backup group in the at least two backup groups as the advanced backup. Group, that is, the automatic backup mode to elect an advanced backup group.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a route backup system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system includes two routing devices, namely, routing device 1 and routing device 2.
  • Routing device 1 and routing device 2 support N backup groups at the same time, that is, backup group 1 to backup group N, and backup group 1
  • the backup group N corresponds to the external switch 1 to switch N that are connected to the routing device 1 and the routing device 2, and each switch corresponds to one subnet.
  • the packet indicating the normal operation of the active device is an Advertisement packet.
  • N 1000.
  • the primary devices of the 1000 backup groups are all routing devices.
  • the standby devices of the 1000 backup groups are all routing devices.
  • the routing device 1 only needs to send one advertisement packet for the advanced backup group indicating that the active device is running normally to the routing device 2 in each advertisement period.
  • the number of Advertisement packets between the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 is still one in each advertising period.
  • the traffic of 1000 switches is all forwarded by routing device 1. If the routing device 2 that is the standby device of the advanced backup group receives the timeout, the 1000 backup groups perform the active/standby switchover at the same time, and the traffic of the 1000 switches is all transferred to the routing device 2. It can be seen that, in the above case, the number of backup groups supported by the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 can be increased without limitation, and the number of Advertisement packets between the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 is not increased, and the number of the packets is not increased. The burden of routing device 2 of the standby device of 1000 backup groups.
  • the advertisement packet indicating that the active device is running normally is used as an example.
  • the primary device of the 500 backup group is the routing device 1 and the standby device is the routing device 2.
  • the primary device of the other 500 backup groups is the routing device 2 and the standby device is the routing device 1.
  • the 500 backup groups are bound to each other. . In this way, after an advanced backup group 1 is elected in 500 backup groups, and an advanced backup group 2 is elected in another 500 backup groups, the routing device 1 only needs to send one to the routing device 2 in each advertisement period.
  • the routing device 2 For the advertisement packet of the advanced backup group 1 indicating that the active device is running normally, the routing device 2 only needs to send one advertisement packet for the advanced backup group 2 indicating that the active device is running normally to the routing device 1 in each advertisement period. . Moreover, even if any number of backup groups with routing device 1 as the primary device are added, and/or any number of backup groups with routing device 2 as the primary device are added, routing device 1 and each advertising cycle The number of Advertisement packets between routing devices 2 is still two.
  • the traffic of 500 switches is forwarded by routing device 1, and the traffic of the other 500 switches is forwarded by routing device 2. If the routing device 2 that is the backup device of the advanced backup group 1 receives the timeout, the 500 backup groups corresponding to the advanced backup group 1 perform the active/standby switchover at the same time. The traffic of the 500 switches that were originally forwarded by the routing device 1 is transferred to the route. Device 2. If the routing device 1 that is the backup device of the advanced backup group 2 receives the timeout, the other 500 backup groups corresponding to the advanced backup group 2 perform the active/standby switchover at the same time. The traffic of the 500 switches that were originally forwarded by the routing device 2 is transferred to the traffic. Routing device 1.
  • the number of backup groups supported by the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 can be increased without limitation, and the number of Advertisement packets between the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 is not increased, and the number of Advertisement packets is not increased.
  • an advanced backup group is elected from multiple backup groups.
  • the routing device that serves as the primary device and the routing device that serves as the backup device only need to transmit the advanced backup group to indicate that the primary device is running normally.
  • the Advertisement packet so that the number of backup groups that can be supported by the routing device of the primary device and the routing device as the standby device can be expanded.
  • the number of Advertisement packets between the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 is 100 in each advertising period.
  • the number of backup groups that can be supported by the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 is , , and the advertisement packet between the routing device 1 and the routing device 2 is used in each advertising period.
  • the number can be at least one.
  • the present invention can increase the number of backup groups supported by the same multiple routing devices by a multiple, without increasing the number of packets between routing devices, and not increasing the routing device of the standby device as the backup group.
  • the burden In the case of increasing the number of backup groups, there is no need to increase the routing device, so that the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is not required to increase the cost.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer software to implement active/standby switching of a routing device.
  • the computer software includes computer program code which, when executed on a computer, can perform one or more steps of the method embodiments of the present invention, and one or more components and functions of the device embodiments.
  • the functionality of step 102 can be implemented when a certain piece of computer program code is run on the computer.
  • the computer software can be stored in a computer readable medium such as a read only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, or a flash memory. It will be appreciated that the program code can be loaded into the computer via a suitable data network and the program code loaded into the computer can replace or update the program code already on the computer.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de commutation maître/secours pour un dispositif de routage, qui comprend la sélection d'un groupe de secours en tant que groupe de secours de classe élevée parmi au moins deux groupes de secours. Lesdits au moins deux groupes de secours ont le même dispositif maître et le même dispositif de secours, et le message indiquant que le dispositif principal du groupe de secours de classe élevée fonctionne normalement est envoyé au dispositif de secours par le dispositif principal. Lorsque le dispositif de secours ne reçoit pas le message indiquant que le dispositif maître fonctionne normalement, lesdits au moins deux groupes de secours effectuent une commutation maître/secours au même moment.
PCT/CN2008/071301 2007-07-18 2008-06-13 Procédé de commutation maître/secours pour un dispositif de routage et système de secours pour un dispositif de routage WO2009009977A1 (fr)

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CN2007101192189A CN101094102B (zh) 2007-07-18 2007-07-18 路由设备的主备切换方法和路由备份系统
CN200710119218.9 2007-07-18

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