WO2009007485A2 - Concentrador de energía solar y proceso de montaje - Google Patents
Concentrador de energía solar y proceso de montaje Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009007485A2 WO2009007485A2 PCT/ES2008/000486 ES2008000486W WO2009007485A2 WO 2009007485 A2 WO2009007485 A2 WO 2009007485A2 ES 2008000486 W ES2008000486 W ES 2008000486W WO 2009007485 A2 WO2009007485 A2 WO 2009007485A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar energy
- modules
- energy concentrator
- module
- concentrator
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
- F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/50—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules comprising elongate non-rigid elements, e.g. straps, wires or ropes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
- F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
- F24S2025/014—Methods for installing support elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
- F24S2030/13—Transmissions
- F24S2030/133—Transmissions in the form of flexible elements, e.g. belts, chains, ropes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
- F24S2030/13—Transmissions
- F24S2030/134—Transmissions in the form of gearings or rack-and-pinion transmissions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
- F24S2030/14—Movement guiding means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a solar energy concentrator and assembly process.
- the orientation of the modules is automatic so that they are located in real time with the most appropriate position with respect to the position of the sun and thus achieve maximum light radiation and therefore a great use of solar energy.
- Means for desalinating water and also for decontamination of dirty water are provided.
- the voltage produced by the cells is continuous so that to achieve alternating current an electronic circuit will be applied that converts the direct current into alternating current.
- the level of voltage or electric current is also determined by the amount of light that affects the cell, so that the more light more electron current and therefore more electrical energy.
- Another parameter that influences the level of electrical power generated by the cells is the spectrum or color of incident light.
- the power response of the cells is different to different spectra or colors.
- the cells behave differently against the different ranges of colors, so that the ideal cell would be the one that had an equal and linear response to the entire spectrum of light, from infrared to the ultraviolet
- the drawback of this technique is that the distance or focus point between the filter and the point of incidence of the light is very high, being much space and volume necessary for the assembly of a module composed of holographic filter and solar cells.
- These filters also generate two beams from the light that passes through them: the main beam that remains white and the secondary beam, which is composed of the color spectrum of the light spectrum. In addition this second takes advantage but the main one does not.
- NASA has carried out tests by making a vault composed of small prisms that decompose light into colors and that affects small solar cells optimized for the different wavelengths aligned vertically below the vault.
- This design requires a lot of space and volume while the prisms do not break down 100% of the light that is reflected on their faces, thus generating performance losses.
- prisms need high levels of light to decompose the light into colors, so that if the day is cloudy or there is little light, the prism or prisms behave as if it were an opaque surface and therefore virtually no energy could be obtained.
- a photovoltaic solar plant is composed of solar cells and mechanisms that help direct the plates towards where the sun is, making the same path that the sun makes throughout a day.
- thermo-voltaic energy is a good alternative to consider in the field of electricity generation for domestic use, it must be low cost and easy and quick to install, while supporting efficient weather conditions.
- the invention proposes a solar energy concentrator that is determined from at least one module with a curved-concave mirror reflecting surface that concentrates the light radiation towards receiving devices to obtain electrical or other energy, also including means to orient that mirror surface according to the position of the sun.
- each module comprises a light and thin arcuate laminar body incorporating the curved-concave mirror surface, said laminar body being associated with stiffening supports that stabilize and stiffen that arched structure to maintain this shape, which supports on a floor with interposition of guiding means by means of which the arched structure can be tilted and moved by rolling to one side or the other depending on a light sensor or timer that activates a device which positions each module in real time with the required orientation according to the position of the sun.
- the set of each module has a rotation movement only.
- the device for positioning in real time each module or set of modules comprises two lateral balancing tanks which, depending on the relative variation between the weights of the material contained in such deposits, the orientation of the respective module varies, passing the material of one to another deposit mechanically and / or electrically to balance and reach each position of the module depending on the light sensor or timer, transferring material from one tank to another and vice versa, according to the position of the sun.
- the lateral tanks can hang in a tilting way on the highest part of the sides of each module along them.
- the material contained in such tanks can be a liquid fluid that is transferred by closed circuit from one tank to the other through lower areas with the help of solenoid valves and a pump associated with the light sensor or timer.
- the tanks are preferably closed hollow bodies of essentially tubular structure affected by tiny upper perforations to ensure the proper functioning of the system in the sense of preventing the formation of vacuum chambers that hinder the transfer of liquid from one side to the other side tank.
- the connections for passing the liquid from one side tank to another will be located in a lower area of such tanks.
- the device for positioning in real time each module or set of modules can comprise a linear motor element, such as a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, which acts on each module or set of modules to make them tilt to one side or the other, connecting the rod of the cylinder in correspondence with the upper edges of the respective module or set of modules.
- each module or set of modules can also comprise at least one motor element, whose output rotation axis has a pulley where a belt or the like is coupled coupled to another crazy rotating element, a belt whose ends connect with the upper edges of each module or set of modules.
- the guiding means are located in the lower part of each module incorporating guides that are complemented with other cross-sections of the ground or elevated guides with respect to said floor, to ensure an orderly tilting of the modules during their tilting movement of rolling in search of the most appropriate orientation according to the position of the sun.
- Such module guides may be incorporated in the stiffening brackets.
- the ground guides comprise rails as rails while the module guides comprise a stepped structure.
- the ground guides comprise rail-like ribs while the guides of the respective module comprise a grooved structure. In another embodiment the ground guides comprise grooves while the guides of the respective module comprise ribs.
- ground guides include toothed zippers that are complemented by teeth of the module guides.
- Another feature of the invention that concerns us is the incorporation of a carriage with wheels associated with the curved supports of the modules and also with the corresponding ground guides or elevated guides with respect to said floor, thus ensuring a correct derailment as well as an effective wind system
- the mentioned car also incorporates characteristic stops that can prevent deformation of the modules when it is very windy.
- ground guides include steel cables or braces with sufficient tension to allow and ensure the guided mobility of the modules. These cables, fixed by means of pairs of end brackets, will be located above the ground, while they include ringed skates that ensure the connection between the guides of the modules and the steel cables.
- the cables have a closed loop structure to avoid the curvature of the cables, the upper and lower branch of the cables joining by means of rigid pieces, thus maintaining the horizontality of the upper branch, on which the corresponding modules are guided.
- each general conduit which interconnects the balancing tanks, is articulated connected at the ends of rockers that articulate centrally on vertical posts, the free ends of such rockers being associated by means of a tensioning cable. This ensures a horizontal direction of the two general pipes, preventing them from curving and thus achieving correct synchronization and optimal operation of the solar modules.
- Another feature refers to centered reinforcements that are arranged in the modules when they are large to prevent deformation, reinforcements joined by a rod or cross cable.
- characteristic cleaning means of the reflective surface of the laminar bodies means that are determined from a self-propelled vehicle with large brushes that are responsible for cleaning the reflective surface during the night that is when The solar concentrator does not work.
- other characteristics of the invention aimed at obtaining a high efficiency for heating water or other fluids at elevated temperatures in combination with obtaining electrical energy and other energy resources, such as obtaining hydrogen and oxygen through photolysis or electrolysis or systems that need sunlight or heat for their generation and / or also for water purification and desalination of sea salt water .
- the structures necessary to achieve the objectives described in the previous paragraph will be located in a strategic centered and longitudinal zone, in the highest part of the modules of the concentrators.
- This strategic area will receive the projection of heat and luminosity emitted by the sun's radiation through the corresponding curved laminar mirror bodies of the modules.
- water is circulated to heat it at elevated temperatures by means of the heat component of the solar radiation while also taking advantage of the luminosity component of that solar radiation to obtain electrical or other energy and also to obtain hydrogen and oxygen from the process of photolysis or electrolysis with previous heating of the water to be electrolyzed so that less electrical energy is necessary in the electrolysis process.
- two longitudinal collectors are arranged to treat salted or contaminated water, obtaining salt and clean water by evaporation, circulating the water to be treated at less by the lower collector that will receive solar radiation through mirror laminar bodies of the modules, raising the temperature until the evaporation of the water that will pass in a gaseous state to the upper collector through narrow radial ducts communicating both collectors , condensing after the water vapor in a liquid state inside the upper collector, the precipitated salt and / or other waste being extracted by means of an extraction and cleaning mechanism located in the lower collector.
- a second stage in which, according to the laser cross-linking, means for guiding, supporting and installing the different modules are arranged.
- each module incorporates at least some collimating devices that collect the projection of the light radiation reflected by the mirror reflecting surface of the curved laminar body; incorporating also a diffractor devices receiving the light radiation concentrated in the collimating devices and cells optimized to different light spectra receiving the light radiation according to the frequency of the colors emitted by the diffractor devices.
- the collimators can be placed intercalating them in through windows of the arched laminar body of the mirror interrupting the continuity of said laminar body, while diffractors and cells optimized to different light spectra are located behind that laminar body.
- Each collimator, diffractor and cell optimized to different light spectra comprise an independent assembly that is fixed to the laminar body or module by means of the collimator in correspondence with the respective through window through tabs or the like.
- the collimators can also be fixed superiorly on an elongated support that reaches the ends of each module.
- the collimators can present an arched structure, whose curved-concave mirror face projects the light radiation to the diffractors and these to the cells optimized to different light spectra, the possibility also being provided that the collimators present a flat structure that projects the light radiation to the diffractors.
- the face of the reflection of the light of the diffractors comprises a smooth mirror surface with tiny slits that project the reflection of the light in the whole range of colors towards the optimized cells to different light spectra. That smooth mirror surface with tiny grooves is similar or similar to that of a compact disc or other support with a similar surface with any other perimeter shape.
- the modules incorporate at least one photoelectric cell receiving the light radiation located, for example, centered above the respective module.
- Another way to harness the energy of the concentrator is by incorporating tubes, coils or similar, through which water or other fluid is circulated to raise its temperature with the heat generated by the light radiation emitted by each curved laminar body.
- the assembly process of the solar energy concentrator comprises a first stage in which in a vehicle at least one flat laminar body is curved to obtain a curved structure, whose curved-concave face has a reflective mirror surface.
- a stage is included in which two longitudinal tanks are mounted on the sides of the curved laminar bodies containing a material that can be transferred from one tank to another to vary the orientation according to the position of the sun with the help of a light sensor.
- It also includes a stage in which the shaped curved structure is unloaded on the ground by the rear of the vehicle.
- the light receptors could also comprise tubes, coils where water or other fluid would circulate to heat it with the solar radiation emitted by the curved laminar body.
- the support surface of the concentrator of the invention will normally be supported on the floor itself, although its application as is evident can be to any other surface without it necessarily having to be horizontal, nor the floor itself, which can be a raised surface, for example.
- the cells are connected in series and incorporate electronic circuits. These are in turn fed by a master signal of sinusoidal alternating current equal in frequency and form to the type of current for electrical consumption of each country, 60 or 50 Hz, to obtain with the set of cells an alternating current signal equal to the master signal but of higher voltage or high voltage.
- the master signal can also be of modulated pulses and the circuits then convert this signal of modulated pulses into a sine wave.
- the signal can be single-phase or multi-phase.
- FIGS 2 and 3. Show perspective views of other solar energy concentrators.
- Figure 4.- Shows a view of a solar concentrator with the incorporation of a Fresnel lens.
- Figure 5. Shows a view of a coupling system of several solar concentrators, on the upper horizontal branch of a closed loop cable.
- Figure 6. Shows a plan view of several solar concentrators with the incorporation of a hydraulic circuit to achieve the movement of the cylinders.
- Figure 7.- It essentially shows a synchronization system of the movement of several solar concentrators.
- Figure 8.- Represents a view showing a system of concentrating the rails.
- Figure 10. Shows a solar concentrator with cleaning means thereof.
- Figures 11 to 14. They show views of a concentrator with the incorporation of means to obtain hot water, electrical energy and also hydrogen or oxygen by photolysis.
- Figure 15. It shows a front view of a concentrator with the incorporation of a structure for obtaining drinking water by incorporation and condensation from salt or contaminated water.
- Figures 16 to 18. They show detailed views of the structure for obtaining drinking water.
- FIG 19 to 26.- show different views of the stages of the assembly process that is also part of the object of the invention that concerns us. This process should also include what is described in Figure 18.
- FIG. 27 Shows a plan view of a set of solar concentrators with solar energy receivers consisting of photovoltaic cells connected in series and associated with electronic circuits to directly achieve a high voltage in alternating current, thus avoiding large transformers.
- Figure 28.- Shows a detailed view of each of the electronic circuits mentioned in the previous figure.
- Figure 29.- Shows a front view of a solar concentrator.
- Figure 30, - Shows another front view of another solar concentrator.
- Figure 31, - shows a front view of a concentrator that includes a photoelectric cell receiving the light radiation.
- Figure 32 It shows a front view of the concentrator comprising several modules associated with each other that move all simultaneously attending to the position of the sun at each moment.
- Figure -33.- Represents a front view of the hub where means are shown to move the concentrator determined by linear elements, such as cylinders.
- Figures 35 and 36, - They show simple and multiple concentrators where other motor means to mobilize the different modules stand out.
- FIG. 37 Shows another view of the concentrator in which the modules are guided in high tensioned cables with respect to the ground.
- Figures 38 and 39.- Show front views of other concentrators determined by a single module.
- Figure 40 Shows a schematic view of an assembly process of the concentrator of the invention.
- Figure 41 Shows a general plan view of a hub mounted and guided on tensioned cables.
- FIGs 42 and 43.- They show views of the guide cables of the modules where the fixation of them on some posts or end supports stands out.
- the solar concentrator comprises one or several modules 1, each of which includes at least one thin laminar body of arched structure 2, whose curved-concave face has a surface of reflective mirror, so that this laminar body 2 is fixed in principle to curved supports 3, which together with longitudinal bars 3 'and other transversal 3''stably stiffen the laminar body 2 while maintaining its reflective arched configuration that concentrates solar radiation 89 to project it towards devices to obtain electrical energy or to heat a fluid, which will be essentially water, although they could be other fluids.
- Other energy resources such as hydrogen and oxygen can also be obtained through photolysis or other systems that need sunlight or heat for their generation and / or also for water purification or desalination.
- Each module 1 rests on the floor 28 with interposition of guiding means by means of which the arched structure of the modules 1 turns an angular space towards one or the other side depending on a light sensor or timer, not shown in the figures, which activates a device that positions each module 1 in real time with the required orientation according to the position of the sun.
- the guiding means are located at the bottom of each module 1 incorporating guides 4 that are complemented with other transverse 5, 5 ', 5' 'of the floor 28 to ensure an orderly tilt of the modules 1 during their movement Rolling swingarm in search of the most appropriate orientation according to the position of the sun.
- Such guides 4 of the modules 1 may be incorporated in the stiffening brackets 3 themselves.
- the floor guides comprise ribs in the manner of rails 5 while the guides 4 of the module 1 comprise a stepped structure.
- the floor guides 28 comprise ribs in the manner of rails 5 while the guides 4 of the respective module 1 comprise a corrugated structure.
- the floor guides 28 comprise grooves while the respective module guides comprise ribs.
- the ground guides comprise 5 'toothed zippers that are complemented by teeth of the 4 guides of the modules. It is planned to incorporate a carriage 6 with wheels, upper 7 and lower 8, associated with the curved supports 3 of the modules 1 and also to the ground guides, thus ensuring a correct track, as well as an effective wind system.
- the characteristic carriage 6 also incorporates lateral stops 9 that can prevent deformation of the modules 1 when it is very windy, in these cases contacting the arcuate supports 3 in such stops 9.
- the ground guides 28 comprise 5 '' steel cables or straps with sufficient tension to allow and ensure the guided mobility of the modules 1.
- These cables 5 '' can be located above the ground 28 and fixed at their ends on supports 10.
- the cables 5 '' have a closed loop structure to avoid the catenary curvature of the cables 5 ", joining the upper and lower branches of these cables 5 1 1 by rigid pieces 11, thus maintaining the horizontality of the upper branch, on which the corresponding modules are guided.
- the cables 5 '' are not closed loop, so that in this case, the guidance is secured by a ringed skid 90 that moves and guides along the cable 5 '' during the rolling movement and translation of the modules 1 that support at all times by gravity on the mentioned cables 5 ''.
- Said ringed skate 90 hugs the cable 5 '' and also a widened portion 91 of the stiffening brackets 3.
- the skid 90 ensures the connection between modules 1 and the cable 5 '' when strong winds and other unusual weather events occur.
- the lateral tanks 12 can hang in a tilting manner on the highest part of the sides of each module 1 along them through short chains or braces 13, or the like.
- the material contained in such tanks 1 can be a liquid fluid that is transferred by closed circuit from one tank to the other through lower areas with the help of hydraulic equipment 14 associated with the light sensor or timer, the latter elements that have not been represented in the figures.
- This hydraulic equipment is conventional and incorporates, among other elements, a pump 15, solenoid valves 16 and other necessary elements known as an electronic circuit 17 and sensors 18.
- each module or set of modules comprises at least one linear motor element, such as a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 93, which acts on each module or sets of modules 1 to make them tilt towards one or another side, connecting the rod of the respective cylinder 93 in correspondence with the upper edges of the respective module or set of modules 1.
- a linear motor element such as a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 93
- the device for positioning in real time each module or set of modules 1 comprises at least one rotating motor element 94, whose output shaft connects to a pulley 95 where a belt 97 or similar is coupled coupled to another crazy rotating element 96, belt 97 whose ends connect to the upper edges of each module or set of modules.
- both the idle rotation element 96 and the rotating motor element 94 will be fixed statically.
- the stiffening supports 3 essentially comprise a wrapping structure that externally embraces each module 1, at least at its ends, while having a transverse section 19 that runs the distance between the two longitudinal free edges of the curved laminar bodies 2 .
- the lateral tanks 12 on one side of the modules 1 are interconnected by a general conduit 20 arranged on the front, while the tanks 12 on the other side will be interconnected by another similar conduit 20 'arranged in the rear front. In this way a perfect synchronization is achieved in the movement towards one or the other side of the modules 1 to be oriented according to the position of the sun.
- Each of these general conduits 20, 20 'that interconnects the tilting tanks 12, is articulated connected at the ends of some rockers 21 that articulate centrally on vertical posts 22, the free ends of the rockers 21 being associated by means of a tensioning cable 23. This ensures a horizontal direction of the two general conduits 20, 20 'preventing them from curving (catenary) and thus achieving correct synchronization and optimal operation of the solar modules 1.
- the modules have fixing and stability means that allow the rolling movement thereof, said means consisting of pulleys 98 fixed to the ground, in each of which a brace 99 is coupled, whose two branches are connected by their ends on opposite sides of stiffening brackets 3.
- the solar modules 1 can follow the orientation of the sun, only with a rotary movement without rolling translation although mobility can also be carried out by means of that rotating and rolling translation combination as previously mentioned.
- pairs of toothed pinions 24 and 25 are provided associated with other complementary teeth set in the stiffening supports 3 of the modules 1.
- a second curved and lower stiffening brackets 26 that are attached to the first 3 and which guide the rotating path of the modules 1, such new lower brackets 26 being associated with inverted "U" shaped frames 27, by which branches are fixed to the ground 28.
- lateral reinforcements 34 and a central reinforcement 35 are provided, all of them connected by means of a shoulder 36.
- the central reinforcement 35 is optional and is arranged on a possible central collimator or other structure located in that area to receive solar radiation.
- a cleaning system determined from a self-propelled vehicle 37 that runs through each module 1 through its lower part is provided, vehicle 37 incorporating two large cleaning brushes 38 into which some tubes 39 that supply a fluid with the relevant cleaning products, fluid housed in a tank 40 of the vehicle 37.
- This incorporates a control circuit 41 and sensors 42, motor 43 and rechargeable battery 44 via a plug 45 that will be connected to a source supply 46 during a time that the vehicle 37 is not active. The cleaning process will be carried out during the night which is when there is no power generation, as is evident.
- the structures necessary to achieve the objectives described in the previous paragraph will be located in a strategic zone centered and longitudinal in the highest part of the modules 1 of the concentrators. This strategic area will receive the projection of the heat and luminosity emitted by the sun's radiation through the curved laminar mirror bodies 2 of the modules 1.
- a succession of two groups of tubes 48 are arranged in two planes perpendicular to the projection of the solar radiation (heat and luminosity) emitted by the curved laminar bodies of mirror 2, as well as the confluence of such two planes starts up and down a straight profile 49 to absorb the lower residual radiation.
- the tubes 48 of each group of them are joined together forming the characteristic plane perpendicular to the emitted radiation.
- a single trapezoidal tube 50 is provided in an inverted position, whose inclined faces receive perpendicularly the projection of the sun's radiation.
- the diffractor is dispensed with, placing in close proximity and parallel to the inclined side faces of the trapezoidal tube 50 transparent photovoltaic cells 53 that directly collect the light radiation and instead allow the heat radiation to tube fluid 50.
- a fourth embodiment shown in Figure 14 comprises in principle the same embodiment as in the second, with the difference that a photolysis cell 54 is provided in place of the photovoltaic cell of the second embodiment.
- This photolysis cell 54 is intended to obtain hydrogen and oxygen separately as is known.
- the structure of this fifth embodiment is determined from two cylindrical collectors, upper 55 and lower 56, the latter receiving solar radiation.
- this lower manifold 56 circulates in principle the cooling salt water previously introduced by an inlet tube 57 which flows into a annular space 58 of the upper manifold 55 then passing to the lower manifold 56 through a curved tubular portion 59 where a passage and sealing solenoid valve 60 has been interleaved. From the lower manifold 56 a linear succession of narrow radial ducts 61 that flow into the longitudinal center of the upper manifold 55.
- the resulting water accumulates in the center of the upper collector 55, while the waste (precipitated salt and other impurities) is extracted to the outside by means of a drag and cleaning mechanism 64 located in the lower part of the collector bottom 56, collecting such waste in a tank 65 through a conveyor belt 66.
- the upper manifold 55 can incorporate several concentric annular chambers, through one of which 58 'the cooling salt water will circulate while in the other 69 the salt-free liquefied liquid will be obtained at different pressures in each chamber.
- the energy receptors are photovoltaic cells 52 ( Figures 27 and 28), these are preferably connected in series, while they are associated with small electronic circuits 82 to directly achieve high voltage in alternating current, thus avoiding the large conventional transformers .
- Each electronic circuit 82 has a known design clearly shown in Figure 28, highlighting in it the incorporation of a protection block 83 for the voltage cut.
- the 5 '' steel cables are also used as electricity conductive cables when 1 photoelectric cells are incorporated in the modules. Thus, these cells are connected to the arcuate stiffening supports 3 and these being in contact with the cables 5 '' transmit the electric current.
- the assembly process after having prepared the ground, in an initial phase extends a first inflatable rolled tape 70 with laser devices 71 located at regular distances and a second similar tape 70 in another perpendicular direction as if it were two axes of coordinates These rolls of tape 70 are transported in vehicles that travel the ground.
- roller belts as well as perforations, concrete pouring and laying of the racks 27 are made by a robot vehicle 78 'as shown in figures 18 and 19.
- This robot vehicle is remote control with GPS assistance
- the inflatable elements 76 start from also inflatable annular pieces 88 that separately embrace each branch 73 of the frames 27.
- the robot 78 carries all the other components, robot 78 which is responsible for assembling the set of all the elements of the structure of the different modules 1 automatically.
- the inflatable belts 70 incorporate a succession of float devices 84 that include floats themselves 88 within a fluid contained in flexible containers 86 communicated with each other by a common conduit 85 in order to level the different float devices 84 and therefore the flexible belts 70 This ensures a plane horizontal in the cross-linking of laser beams 72, especially when the terrain 28 is irregular. Support feet 87 are also provided to level the unwound belt 70 when the irregularities of the terrain are more pronounced.
- the assembly robot 78 after having been autoclaved in its precise position with the help of sensors, the arc structure of the respective module is formed by placing it on two consecutive frames in its exact position by means of sensors.
- the robot 78 will place the energy receiver, synchronization block and wind system.
- the reflective laminar bodies 2 can be integral with a honeycomb-shaped structure, through which it joins the curved supports 3 of the different modules 1.
- each module can incorporate at least some collimating devices 100, 101 that collect the projection of the light radiation reflected by the mirror reflecting surface of the curved laminar body 2; incorporating in addition a diffractive devices 102 receivers of the light radiation concentrated in the collimating devices 100, 101 and cells 103 optimized to different light spectra receiving the light radiation according to the frequency of the colors emitted by the diffraction devices 102.
- the collimators 100 can be placed intercalating them in through windows of the arched laminar body of the mirror interrupting the continuity of said laminar body 2, while the diffractors 102 and cells 103 optimized to different light spectra are located behind that laminar body 2 .
- Each collimator 100, diffractor 102 and cell 103 optimized to different light spectra comprise an independent assembly that is fixed to the laminar body 2 or module 1 by means of collimator 100 in correspondence with the respective through window through tabs or the like, not shown in the figures.
- the collimators 101 may also be fixed superiorly on an elongated support 104 that reaches the ends of each module 1.
- the collimators can have an arched structure 101, whose curved-concave mirror face projects the light radiation to the diffractors 102 and these to the cells 103 optimized to different light spectra, the possibility also being provided that the collimators have a flat structure 100 that projects the light radiation to the diffractors 102.
- the light reflection face of the diffractors 102 comprises a smooth mirror surface with tiny grooves that project the reflection of the light across the entire color range to the cells 103 optimized to different light spectra. That smooth mirror surface with tiny slits is similar or similar to the one It has a compact disc or other support with a similar surface or with any other perimeter shape.
- the modules 1 incorporate at least one photoelectric cell 52 reflecting the light radiation located, for example, centered above the respective module 1.
- the modules 1 incorporate at least one photoelectric cell 52 reflecting the light radiation located, for example, centered above the respective module 1.
- mirror elements 105, 106 and 107 placed respectively above and below the photoelectric cells 52 for the use and feedback of the solar rays that could be lost, essentially on both sides of said photocells 52.
- the upper mirror 106 is located in a vertical plane to avoid shadows, including one of its faces a multitude of tiny mirrors 108.
- the assembly process of the solar energy concentrator comprises a first stage in which at least one flat laminar body is curved in a vehicle 109 to obtain a curved structure, whose curved-concave face has a mirror reflective surface.
- a second stage in which stiffening brackets 3 are mounted on each curved sheet body 2 to ensure its curved structure.
- a third stage in which independent light receiving assemblies are mounted on the curved laminar body.
- a stage is included in which two longitudinal tanks 12 are mounted on the sides of the curved laminar bodies 2, which contain a material that can be transferred from one tank to another to vary the orientation according to the position of the sun with the aid of a sensor of light .
- a stage is also included in which the shaped curved structure is discharged on the ground by the rear of the vehicle 109.
- parallel guides 5, 5 ', 5' ' are mounted on the ground that will be complemented with other guides 4 of the curved laminar body.
- each light receiver can comprise a photoelectric cell 52 or independent assemblies formed by a collimator 100, 101, diffractor 102 and cells optimized to different light spectra 103.
- the light receptors could also comprise tubes, coils where water or other fluid would circulate to heat it with the radiation emitted by the curved laminar body 2.
- the concentrator of the invention may be supported on the floor itself, although its application as it is evident can be to any other surface without it necessarily having to be horizontal, nor the ground itself, which can be an elevated surface.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08805316A EP2189736A2 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | Solar energy concentrator and assembly method |
MX2010000402A MX2010000402A (es) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | Concentrador de energia solar y proceso de montaje. |
US12/668,257 US20100212654A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | Solar energy concentrator and mounting method |
CN200880106437A CN101821559A (zh) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | 太阳能聚光器和安装方法 |
AU2008274136A AU2008274136A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | Solar energy concentrator and assembly method |
EA201000181A EA201000181A1 (ru) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | Концентратор солнечной энергии и способ монтажа |
MA32610A MA31682B1 (fr) | 2007-07-10 | 2010-02-10 | Concentrateur d'energie solaire et procede de montage |
ZA2010/00986A ZA201000986B (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2010-02-10 | Solar energy concentrator and assembly method |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ESP200701933 | 2007-07-10 | ||
ES200701933A ES2311407B1 (es) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Concentrador de energia solar y proceso de montaje. |
ESP200801950 | 2008-06-30 | ||
ES200801950A ES2359999B1 (es) | 2008-06-30 | 2008-06-30 | Mejoras introducidas en la patente de invención n. p-200701932/9, por: concentrador de energía solar y proceso de montaje. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009007485A2 true WO2009007485A2 (es) | 2009-01-15 |
WO2009007485A3 WO2009007485A3 (es) | 2009-05-28 |
Family
ID=40229151
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2008/000486 WO2009007485A2 (es) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-09 | Concentrador de energía solar y proceso de montaje |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2189736A2 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2008274136A1 (es) |
EA (1) | EA201000181A1 (es) |
MA (1) | MA31682B1 (es) |
MX (1) | MX2010000402A (es) |
WO (1) | WO2009007485A2 (es) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITCT20090011A1 (it) * | 2009-09-09 | 2009-12-09 | Francesco Barbagallo | Sistema automatico di inseguimento solare e di alvaggio dei moduli di captazione |
WO2011069079A2 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Skyline Solar, Inc. | Concentrating solar collector with shielding mirrors |
CN102425865A (zh) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-04-25 | 深圳市联讯创新工场科技开发有限公司 | 太阳能集热装置 |
WO2012107605A1 (es) | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Caselles Fornes Jaime | Elemento, y panel de captación y concentración de la radiación solar directa |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102792022B (zh) | 2009-09-18 | 2016-02-24 | 麻省理工学院 | 会聚的太阳能电力系统 |
ES2727278T3 (es) * | 2010-07-05 | 2019-10-15 | Glasspoint Solar Inc | Concentrar la energía solar con invernaderos |
CN102053351B (zh) * | 2010-11-24 | 2013-05-22 | 杭州中光储新能源科技有限公司 | 一种新型极轴式太阳能聚光装置 |
US20130047978A1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-02-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Vortex-induced cleaning of surfaces |
US10488079B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 | 2019-11-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Low cost parabolic cylindrical trough for concentrated solar power |
CN108019963B (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-08-28 | 金华澜皓商贸有限公司 | 一种集热板光照功率可调的无垢智能型太阳能热水器 |
CN107990573B (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江远能新能源有限公司 | 一种受光功率及补水恒温智能控制的太阳能热水器 |
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US4077392A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1978-03-07 | Garner Richard L | Novel solar collector |
US4469938A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1984-09-04 | Cohen Elie | Solar tracking unit |
US4611575A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-09-16 | Powell Roger A | Parabolic trough solar reflector |
US4820033A (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1989-04-11 | Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik | Solar mirror apparatus |
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2008
- 2008-07-09 MX MX2010000402A patent/MX2010000402A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-07-09 AU AU2008274136A patent/AU2008274136A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-09 EP EP08805316A patent/EP2189736A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-09 WO PCT/ES2008/000486 patent/WO2009007485A2/es active Application Filing
- 2008-07-09 EA EA201000181A patent/EA201000181A1/ru unknown
-
2010
- 2010-02-10 MA MA32610A patent/MA31682B1/fr unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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US4077392A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1978-03-07 | Garner Richard L | Novel solar collector |
US4469938A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1984-09-04 | Cohen Elie | Solar tracking unit |
US4611575A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-09-16 | Powell Roger A | Parabolic trough solar reflector |
US4820033A (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1989-04-11 | Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik | Solar mirror apparatus |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITCT20090011A1 (it) * | 2009-09-09 | 2009-12-09 | Francesco Barbagallo | Sistema automatico di inseguimento solare e di alvaggio dei moduli di captazione |
WO2011069079A2 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Skyline Solar, Inc. | Concentrating solar collector with shielding mirrors |
WO2011069079A3 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-10-20 | Skyline Solar, Inc. | Concentrating solar collector with shielding mirrors |
WO2012107605A1 (es) | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Caselles Fornes Jaime | Elemento, y panel de captación y concentración de la radiación solar directa |
EP2674690A4 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2016-01-13 | FORNÉS Jaime CASELLES | ELEMENT AND PANEL FOR CAPTURE AND CONCENTRATION OF DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION |
US9520519B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2016-12-13 | Jaime Caselles Fornés | Direct solar-radiation collection and concentration element and panel |
CN102425865A (zh) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-04-25 | 深圳市联讯创新工场科技开发有限公司 | 太阳能集热装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009007485A3 (es) | 2009-05-28 |
AU2008274136A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
EP2189736A2 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
MX2010000402A (es) | 2010-03-26 |
MA31682B1 (fr) | 2010-09-01 |
EA201000181A1 (ru) | 2010-08-30 |
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