WO2009005360A1 - Sail device and method for use of the device - Google Patents
Sail device and method for use of the device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009005360A1 WO2009005360A1 PCT/NO2008/000226 NO2008000226W WO2009005360A1 WO 2009005360 A1 WO2009005360 A1 WO 2009005360A1 NO 2008000226 W NO2008000226 W NO 2008000226W WO 2009005360 A1 WO2009005360 A1 WO 2009005360A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sail
- attachment
- luff
- sides
- opening
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
- B63H9/0615—Inflatable aerofoil sails
Definitions
- Conventional non-braced sails are based on the sail taking an approximate aerofoil profile.
- Such an aerofoil profile which is formed by means of the flowing wind externally round the sail, takes a shape which exhibits limitations with respect to the utilization of the wind relative to the desired direction of sailing.
- the invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art .
- a sail in accordance with the invention includes two adjacent sail sides which are interconnected along the luff of the sail, the luff of the sail extending between a first attachment and a second attachment, and there being arranged at least one opening near the luff, the at least one opening be- ing arranged to let in air between the sail sides.
- the sail is characterized by the sail sides of the sail being open along their after leech.
- the sail sides of the sail are also open along the foot bolt rope of the sail.
- the length of the luff may be longer than the rectilinear distance between the first attachment and the second attachment, the luff being movably connected to a bar, mast or sus- pendable line.
- the sail sides of the sail can be free from each other along their after leech. Thereby, when the sail takes its aerofoil profile, the sail sides may be moved somewhat relative to each other at the after leech, which has the effect that the sail sides will form wavy patterns in the sail surface only to an insignificant degree.
- the sail is given a triangular shape, but may also take other shapes, for example trapezoidal.
- the after leech of the sail extends, when the sail is triangular, from the first attachment which, for a jib, is referred to as the head, and to a third attachment which, for a jib, is referred to as the clew, whereas the foot bolt rope of the sail extends between the second attachment and the third attachment which, for a jib, is referred to as the tack.
- the sail sides may be given individual attachments. In the application the more general terms first, sec- ond and third attachments are used.
- the sail area positioned between the main attachments which are formed, for a triangular sail, by the first, second and third attachments, is called the main area of the sail.
- the sail is formed with attachments comple- mentarily matching grooves in a stay, mast or suspendable rope.
- the luff of the sail may be formed in such a way that the stay, mast or suspendable rope is on the outside of the sail, at the luff between the two sail sides or inside the sail at the luff.
- the luff is at the opposite side of the rectilinear distance between the first attachment and the second attachment relative to the main area of the sail when the sail sides lie against each other, the sail is spread and not connected.
- the luff extends in a curve between the first attachment and the second attachment, so that the distance from the straight line between the first attachment and the second attachment, and the luff is the largest near the mid portion of said straight line.
- the at least one inlet can be formed by an opening in the canvas, an opening between the sail sides or by a relatively open structure of the canvas material .
- the luff of the sail When the sail is to be used, the luff of the sail is connected to a suspendable rope, a stay, a mast or similar. The sail is stretched between the first and second attachments. The luff of the sail then extends roughly along the straight line between the first and second attachments. Air is let in between the sail sides via the at least one opening, whereby the material of the sail which is between the luff and the straight line between the first and second attachments, forms an outward-bulging bulb.
- the sail When the sail is filled with air, the sail takes, in cross- section, a symmetrical aerofoil-like relatively unstable shape. Then the sail is brought into a position relative to the wind direction which makes one sail side flick across to the other sail side, whereby the sail forms, in cross section, an effective aerofoil shape.
- the attachment portions of the third attachment which are each connected to a respective sail side, can be pulled away from each other, whereby the sail is imparted a delta-wing shape. It is also advantageous that when the sail sides are connected only along the luff of the sail, the sail can be rolled/reefed without any formation of wrinkling or twisting along the after leech of the sail .
- Figure 1 shows a plan view of a sail in accordance with the invention, the sail sides being spread and flat;
- Figure 2 shows the sail of figure 1 in the position of use and during the filling with air
- Figure 3 shows a section II-II of figure 2
- Figure 4 shows a section corresponding to the section in figure 3, but with the sail having been filled with air;
- Figure 6 shows on a larger scale a section of figure 3
- Figure 7 shows on a larger scale a section of figure 5
- Figure 8 shows the same as figure 6, but here a suspendable rope is arranged inside the sail.
- Figure 9 shows a section corresponding to the section of figure 3, but after the sail sides have been pulled apart at the third attachment of the sail.
- both sail sides 2, 4 are provided with a number of through openings 20, see figures 6, 7 and 8.
- the openings 20 may be provided with valves 22, see figure 7.
- the sail 1 is provided with a number of spaced running rings 24 along the luff 6.
- the third attachment 12 is connected to a suitable suspension element not shown.
- Air is filled via the openings 20 in between the sail sides 2, 4, whereby the sail sides 2, 4 are filled, see figures 2, 3 and 6 which show the sail 1 as filling has started.
- the sail sides 2, 4 take an essentially symmetrical aerofoil-like shape, see figure 4.
- Surplus air is drained between the sail sides 2, 4 and flows out at the after leech 14. This symmetrical shape is relatively unstable.
- the sail 1 is subsequently trimmed relative to the direction of the wind, so that the second sail side 4 flicks across, forming an air-filled, effective aerofoil profile together with the first sail side 2, see figures 5 and 7.
- a stay, mast or suspendable rope 26 may extend internally in the sail 1.
Abstract
A sail device (1) and a method for a sail device (1) including two adjacent sail sides (2, 4) which are interconnected along the luff (6) of the sail (1), the luff (6) extending between a first attachment (8) and a second attachment (10), and there being arranged at least one opening (20) at the luff (6), the at least one opening (20) being arranged to let in air between the sail sides (2, 4), the sail sides (2, 4) of the sail (1) being open at least along their after leech (14) or foot bolt rope (16).
Description
SAIL DEVICE AND METHOD FOR USE OF THE DEVICE
This invention relates to a sail. More particularly, it relates to a sail including two adjacent sail sides, the two sail sides being interconnected along the luff of the sail which extends between a first attachment and a second attachment, and there being arranged at least one opening at the luff, the at least one opening being arranged to let in air between the sail sides. The length of the luff is longer than the rectilinear distance between the first attachment and the second attachment, the luff being movably connected to a stay, mast or suspendable line. The invention also includes a method of using the device.
Conventional non-braced sails are based on the sail taking an approximate aerofoil profile. Such an aerofoil profile, which is formed by means of the flowing wind externally round the sail, takes a shape which exhibits limitations with respect to the utilization of the wind relative to the desired direction of sailing.
The invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art .
The object is achieved through features which are specified in the description below and in the claims that follow.
A sail in accordance with the invention includes two adjacent
sail sides which are interconnected along the luff of the sail, the luff of the sail extending between a first attachment and a second attachment, and there being arranged at least one opening near the luff, the at least one opening be- ing arranged to let in air between the sail sides. The sail is characterized by the sail sides of the sail being open along their after leech.
Typically, the sail sides of the sail are also open along the foot bolt rope of the sail.
Thereby, surplus air can flow out between the sail sides, so that the sail can take an advantageous aerofoil profile.
The length of the luff may be longer than the rectilinear distance between the first attachment and the second attachment, the luff being movably connected to a bar, mast or sus- pendable line.
The sail sides of the sail can be free from each other along their after leech. Thereby, when the sail takes its aerofoil profile, the sail sides may be moved somewhat relative to each other at the after leech, which has the effect that the sail sides will form wavy patterns in the sail surface only to an insignificant degree.
With advantage, the sail is given a triangular shape, but may also take other shapes, for example trapezoidal. The after leech of the sail extends, when the sail is triangular, from the first attachment which, for a jib, is referred to as the head, and to a third attachment which, for a jib, is referred to as the clew, whereas the foot bolt rope of the sail extends between the second attachment and the third attachment which, for a jib, is referred to as the tack. At the third attachment the sail sides may be given individual attachments. In the application the more general terms first, sec-
ond and third attachments are used.
Below, the sail area positioned between the main attachments which are formed, for a triangular sail, by the first, second and third attachments, is called the main area of the sail.
Along the luff, the sail is formed with attachments comple- mentarily matching grooves in a stay, mast or suspendable rope. The luff of the sail may be formed in such a way that the stay, mast or suspendable rope is on the outside of the sail, at the luff between the two sail sides or inside the sail at the luff.
The luff is at the opposite side of the rectilinear distance between the first attachment and the second attachment relative to the main area of the sail when the sail sides lie against each other, the sail is spread and not connected.
It is advantageous that the luff extends in a curve between the first attachment and the second attachment, so that the distance from the straight line between the first attachment and the second attachment, and the luff is the largest near the mid portion of said straight line.
The at least one inlet can be formed by an opening in the canvas, an opening between the sail sides or by a relatively open structure of the canvas material .
When the sail is to be used, the luff of the sail is connected to a suspendable rope, a stay, a mast or similar. The sail is stretched between the first and second attachments. The luff of the sail then extends roughly along the straight line between the first and second attachments. Air is let in between the sail sides via the at least one opening, whereby the material of the sail which is between the luff and the straight line between the first and second attachments, forms
an outward-bulging bulb.
When the sail is filled with air, the sail takes, in cross- section, a symmetrical aerofoil-like relatively unstable shape. Then the sail is brought into a position relative to the wind direction which makes one sail side flick across to the other sail side, whereby the sail forms, in cross section, an effective aerofoil shape.
Surplus air from the filling of the sail is directed to flow between the sail sides and out at least at the after leech or the foot bolt rope .
Trials have shown that the effective aerofoil profile, which is formed in a sail according to the invention, is more efficient than corresponding simple sails or double sails which may have sewn-in ribs or bows, for example.
The attachment portions of the third attachment, which are each connected to a respective sail side, can be pulled away from each other, whereby the sail is imparted a delta-wing shape. It is also advantageous that when the sail sides are connected only along the luff of the sail, the sail can be rolled/reefed without any formation of wrinkling or twisting along the after leech of the sail .
In what follows is described an example of a preferred embodiment which is visualized in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a plan view of a sail in accordance with the invention, the sail sides being spread and flat;
Figure 2 shows the sail of figure 1 in the position of use and during the filling with air;
Figure 3 shows a section II-II of figure 2;
Figure 4 shows a section corresponding to the section in figure 3, but with the sail having been filled with air;
Figure 5 shows a section corresponding to the section in figure 3, but the sail has taken an effective shape ;
Figure 6 shows on a larger scale a section of figure 3;
Figure 7 shows on a larger scale a section of figure 5;
Figure 8 shows the same as figure 6, but here a suspendable rope is arranged inside the sail; and
Figure 9 shows a section corresponding to the section of figure 3, but after the sail sides have been pulled apart at the third attachment of the sail.
In the drawings the reference numeral 1 indicates a sail corn- prising a first sail side 2 and a second sail side 4. The sail sides 2, 4 are interconnected at their, in the position of use, front edge portion which is often called a luff 6. The sail 1, which is triangular in this preferred embodiment, is provided with a first attachment 8 at the upper end por- tion of the luff 6, a second attachment 10 at the lower end portion of the luff 6 and a third attachment 12 where an after leech 14 and a foot bolt rope 16 of the sail 1 meet. The third attachment 12 comprises an attachment 12a in the first sail side 2 and an attachment 12b in the second sail side 4. The sail sides 2, 4 are open along the after leech 14 and foot bolt rope 16.
Thus, in this preferred embodiment it is possible to open the sail 1 in order to form a sail resembling a delta wing by pulling the attachments 12a and 12b away from each other.
A straight line 18 extends between the first attachment 8 and the second attachment 10.
Along the luff 6, both sail sides 2, 4 are provided with a number of through openings 20, see figures 6, 7 and 8. The openings 20 may be provided with valves 22, see figure 7.
The sail 1 is provided with a number of spaced running rings 24 along the luff 6. A suspendable rope 26, see figures 6, 7 and 8, extends through the running rings 24.
After the rope 26 has been suspended so that the luff 6 takes an essentially straight line between the first attachment 8 and the second attachment 10, the sail is stretched between the first attachment 8 and the second attachment 10. The third attachment 12 is connected to a suitable suspension element not shown.
Air is filled via the openings 20 in between the sail sides 2, 4, whereby the sail sides 2, 4 are filled, see figures 2, 3 and 6 which show the sail 1 as filling has started. By further filling the sail sides 2, 4 take an essentially symmetrical aerofoil-like shape, see figure 4. Surplus air is drained between the sail sides 2, 4 and flows out at the after leech 14. This symmetrical shape is relatively unstable.
The sail 1 is subsequently trimmed relative to the direction of the wind, so that the second sail side 4 flicks across, forming an air-filled, effective aerofoil profile together with the first sail side 2, see figures 5 and 7.
In an alternative embodiment, see figure 8, a stay, mast or suspendable rope 26 may extend internally in the sail 1.
In further, alternative embodiments, not shown, the running rings 24 or other securing devices may be connected to a
rigid element, for example a stay, not shown. The sail sides 2, 4 may extend, for example, in separate grooves in the stay.
Claims
1. A sail device (1) comprising two adjacent sail sides
(2, 4) which are interconnected along a luff (6) of the sail (1) , the luff (6) of the sail extending be- tween a first attachment (8) and a second attachment (10) , and there being arranged at least one opening (20) at the luff (6) , the at least one opening (20) being arranged to let in air between the sail sides (2, 4), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the sail sides (2, 4) of the sail (1) are open along their after leech (14) .
2. The device in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the sail sides (2, 4) of the sail (1) are open along their foot bolt rope (16) .
3. The device in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the sail sides (2, 4) of the sail (1) are free from each other along their after leech (14) .
4. The device in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c - t e r i z e d i n that the length of the luff (6) is longer than the rectilinear distance (18) between the first attachment (8) and the second attachment (10) , the luff (6) being movably connected to a stay, mast or suspendable line (24) .
5. The device in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the luff (6) of the sail is on the opposite side of the rectilinear distance (18) between the first attachment (8) and the second attachment (10) , relative to the main area of the sail (I)/ when the two sail sides (2, 4) lie against each other, the sail (1) is spread and not connected.
6. A method of using a sail (1) including two adjacent sail sides (2, 4) which are interconnected along a luff (6) of the sail, the luff (6) of the sail extending between a first attachment (8) and a second at-
5 tachment (10) , and there being arranged at least one opening (20) at the luff (6) , the at least one opening (20) being arranged to let in air between the sail sides (2, 4) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the luff (6) of the sail (1) is movably connected to a io suspendable rope (26) , a stay, mast or similar, after which the sail (1) is stretched between the first attachment (8) and the second attachment (10) , as air is let in between the sail sides (2, 4) via the at least one opening (20) , surplus air being let out between i5 the sail sides (2, 4) at least at one of the after leech (14) or foot bolt rope (16) of the sail (1) .
7. The method in accordance with claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the sail (1) is brought into a position relative to the direction of the wind which
20 makes one sail side (2, 4) flick across to the other sail side (2, 4), whereby the sail forms, in cross section, an aerofoil shape.
8. A method in accordance with claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the attachment portions
25 (12a, 12b) of a third attachment (12) , which are each connected to a respective sail side (2, 4), are pulled away from each other, the sail (1) being imparted a delta-wing shape.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20073413 | 2007-07-03 | ||
| NO20073413 | 2007-07-03 | ||
| NO20082291A NO20082291L (en) | 2007-07-03 | 2008-05-21 | Sail device and method of using the device |
| NO20082291 | 2008-05-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009005360A1 true WO2009005360A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
Family
ID=39869683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NO2008/000226 WO2009005360A1 (en) | 2007-07-03 | 2008-06-19 | Sail device and method for use of the device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2009005360A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015124803A1 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2015-08-27 | Christophe Dutordoir | Sail for ship, machine, vehicle, or craft |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0223453A2 (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1987-05-27 | Terrence Richard Duke | A sail |
| US4704979A (en) * | 1985-11-26 | 1987-11-10 | Ammen Mark E | Sail system |
| US4879961A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-11-14 | Aguilera Angel R | Sail airfoil device |
| US5931109A (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-08-03 | Altosail Limited | Sail |
-
2008
- 2008-06-19 WO PCT/NO2008/000226 patent/WO2009005360A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0223453A2 (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1987-05-27 | Terrence Richard Duke | A sail |
| US4704979A (en) * | 1985-11-26 | 1987-11-10 | Ammen Mark E | Sail system |
| US4879961A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-11-14 | Aguilera Angel R | Sail airfoil device |
| US5931109A (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-08-03 | Altosail Limited | Sail |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015124803A1 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2015-08-27 | Christophe Dutordoir | Sail for ship, machine, vehicle, or craft |
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