WO2008155714A1 - Commande de lampe, système d'éclairage et procédé - Google Patents

Commande de lampe, système d'éclairage et procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008155714A1
WO2008155714A1 PCT/IB2008/052372 IB2008052372W WO2008155714A1 WO 2008155714 A1 WO2008155714 A1 WO 2008155714A1 IB 2008052372 W IB2008052372 W IB 2008052372W WO 2008155714 A1 WO2008155714 A1 WO 2008155714A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
light source
driver
reference signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/052372
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerlach C. P. M. Emmen
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2008155714A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008155714A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2921—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2923—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal power supply conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a lamp driver and a method for driving lamps.
  • Applications include for instance outdoor lighting, wherein a number of lamps, each provided with a lamp driver, is connected to the same electrical power source.
  • high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps are used in combination with high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps.
  • HID lamps commonly used in outdoor applications such as street-lighting are low pressure sodium lamps.
  • the low pressure sodium lamps generate monochromatic (orange) light and the lamps are operated with conventional drivers.
  • HMI hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide
  • MH metal halide lamps
  • high pressure sodium vapor lamps high pressure sodium vapor lamps
  • xenon arc lamps xenon arc lamps
  • sulfur lamps Regarding examples of structural features of high-pressure gas discharge lamps, reference is made to EP-0587238-A1.
  • the light-producing element of HID lamps is a well- stabilized arc discharge contained within a refractory envelope (arc tube) with wall loading in excess of 3 W/cm 2 (19.4 W/in. 2 ).
  • arc tube refractory envelope
  • the mains voltage supplied to the conventional drivers may be lowered when conditions allow. Such conditions include for instance dusk or dawn, when a comparatively large amount of daylight is present, or when traffic at a road is limited.
  • the lamp power Pl starts to decrease following a predetermined slope (fade), as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the lamp power Pl is at a maximum, nominal value Pl,max. If the mains voltage drops below a minimum voltage Vmin, the lamp extinguishes, i.e. the lamp turns off.
  • the conventional drivers are replaced by electronic lamp drivers, lowering of the mains voltage does not automatically result in dimming of the lamp. Lowering the mains voltage could result in extinguishing of the lamp or damaging of the driver. Therefore the electronic lamp drivers are equipped with circuitry that monitors the mains voltage and adjusts the power consumed by the lamp in dependency of the mains voltage.
  • An electronic lamp driver may include solid state electronic circuitry to provide the proper starting and operating electrical condition to power one or more fluorescent lamps, or more in particular HID lamps.
  • Electronic drivers or ballasts usually change the frequency of the power from the standard mains frequency (for instance 50 Hz in Europe or 60 Hz in the U.S.) to a drive frequency.
  • the drive frequency is for instance 20,000 Hz or higher, substantially eliminating the stroboscopic effect of flicker (about 100 or 120 Hz, twice the line frequency) associated with fluorescent lighting. Because of the high frequency of operation, electronic ballasts are generally smaller, lighter, and more efficient (and thus run cooler) than line frequency magnetic ballasts.
  • Electronic ballasts are often based on SMPS topology, first rectifying the input power and then chopping it at a high frequency. Electronic ballasts may allow dimming via for instance pulse-width modulation or controlling the amplitude of a drive signal.
  • Electronic ballasts may allow remote control and monitoring via networks such as Lon Works, DALI, DMX-512, DSI, via analog control using a 0-1 OV DC brightness control signal, or using radio frequency (rf) control signals.
  • networks such as Lon Works, DALI, DMX-512, DSI
  • rf radio frequency
  • WO-2004/057934-A1 of Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. discloses a lamp driver for multiple-state operation of an HID lamp. A modulation is selected to generate a driving signal based on a determined power mode control selection.
  • the driver allows a variable setting of the transition between the low-end and the high-end of the HID lamp illumination range.
  • the driver includes a mode control system including, for example, a discrete circuit with user inputs, a microcontroller, and a software module.
  • the microcontroller may have an instruction set able to configure the mode control system for multiple state low or high power operation with a variety of HID lamps of different construction and output ratings.
  • a user interface may be included for making adjustments to the mode control system.
  • An oscillator circuit is contained in at least one of the various components of the ballast for generating high frequency square waves. In a high-frequency mode, two signals A and B are square waves of identical frequency having 180 degrees of phase lag. Generally, signals A and B have frequencies on the order of 20-110 kHz.
  • two signals A and B comprise periodic pulse trains of high power high-frequency square waves. Short pulse trains appear at regular intervals depending on the desired drive frequency, and decline to zero during intervals between the pulse trains.
  • the pulse trains of signal A and signal B alternate.
  • the pulse trains generally consist of several cycles of a high-frequency square wave followed by a period of zero output equal to several times the period of the high-frequency square wave.
  • Application of the signals to the driver circuit produces a low- frequency output signal across the HID lamp.
  • the resultant driving signal frequencies are on the order of 40-1000 Hz.
  • the lamp driver circuit therefore is capable of multiple-state power drive for the HID lamp providing both low- frequency high-power operation, and high-frequency low- power operation.
  • WO-02/34015-A1 provides an electronic driver for a gas discharge lamp.
  • the driver comprises a full-bridge circuit having four field effect transistors Sl to S4.
  • a DC voltage is applied to the input of the full bridge circuit, the output of the full bridge circuit being formed by a shunt resistance connected with ground. Only the gas discharge lamp is connected as a load.
  • a switching over between the two bridge diagonals is effected by means of two driver circuits Tl and T2 which control the four field effect transistors Sl to S4 in a suitable manner.
  • the regulation of the lamp brightness is effected through control of the field effect transistors S2 and S4 arranged in the bridge diagonals as regulatable constant current sources.
  • the two field effect transistors S2, S4 are operated by an operational amplifier in their dynamic range.
  • the transistors S2, S4 form a resistance which is connected in series with the lamp for defining an operating point for the lamp.
  • the HID lamps supplied by the electronic ballasts are HID lamps that do not generate monochromatic light but light with a range of wavelengths, a change in the power consumed by the lamp is accompanied by a change in the color of the light generated by the lamp. Since the power supply lines have a certain impedance, the line voltage is generally lower when the power supply lines between the power supply plant and the lamp driver are longer. As a consequence, not only the amount of light decreases but also the color of the light changes when the power supply lines become longer. The above is for instance disadvantageous in street lighting.
  • the street lighting along a highway or freeway comprises for instance one lamp every 50 m along the road.
  • Lamps within predetermined sections are connected to one electrical power source. Every section comprises a number of lamps, or in other words a group of lamps. In the present example, one group comprises about 20 or 21 lamps, wherein each lamp is provided with a lamp driver.
  • each lamp driver Due to the impedance of the electrical power lines connecting the lamps of the group to the respective power source of that group, each lamp driver is supplied with a different line voltage.
  • the line voltage drops with increasing distance between the respective lamp driver and the power source.
  • the amount of light that is generated by each of the lamps gradually decreases from lamp to lamp, while the color of the generated light changes from lamp to lamp as well.
  • the present invention provides a driver for a light source, comprising: input terminals for connection to a mains supply, a first circuit, coupled to the input terminals, for generating a current through the light source out of a line voltage supplied by the mains supply; - a control circuit, comprising: a second circuit coupled to the first circuit and the light source for controlling the power supplied to the light source at a value that substantially equals a reference signal Sref; a third circuit, coupled to the input terminals and the second circuit, comprising a memory for storing a number of threshold voltages and a number of reference signal values, each reference signal value being associated with a voltage range determined by two subsequent threshold values; - a fourth circuit coupled to the memory for adjusting the value of the reference signal Sref to the reference signal value that is associated with the voltage range between two subsequent threshold voltages in which the line voltage lies.
  • the driver for a light source provides a cost efficient solution to control the output power of the light source at a predetermined level (and thus the color and intensity of the emitted light), using the line voltage as a control signal.
  • the driver is suitable for application in street lighting and obviates the need to add additional infrastructure for networks such as DALI.
  • the reference signal Sref indicates a percentage of the maximum light source power. The percentage is for instance about 40%, 60%, 80% or 100%.
  • the control circuit implements a hysteresis.
  • the hysteresis may include a predetermined time interval and/or a predetermined voltage drop with respect to one of the threshold voltages. The hysteresis prevents unwanted adjustment of the output power, for instance in case of a temporary line voltage drop or fluctuation.
  • the present invention provides a lighting system, comprising: an electrical power source for providing an adjustable output voltage; power lines connected to the electrical power source; a group of light sources, the group comprising two or more light sources, wherein each light source is provided with a driver and wherein each driver is connected to the power lines; the driver comprising: input terminals for connection to the power lines; a first circuit, coupled to the input terminals, for generating a current through the light source out of a line voltage supplied by the mains supply; and - a control circuit, comprising: a second circuit coupled to the first circuit and the light source for controlling the power supplied to the light source at a value that substantially equals a reference signal Sref; a third circuit, coupled to the input terminals and the second circuit, comprising a memory for storing a number of threshold voltages and a number of reference signal values, each reference signal value being associated with a voltage range determined by two subsequent threshold voltages; - a fourth circuit coupled to the memory for adjusting the value of the reference signal S
  • the lighting system provides a cheap solution to control the output power of street lighting and obviates the need to add additional infrastructure.
  • the lamps of one group substantially emit light having the same color and intensity.
  • the power source of the lighting system comprises an adjustable voltage transformer.
  • the adjustable transformer is relatively robust and has a relatively long live expectancy. The lighting system thus provides a cheap solution to control the output power of (existing) street lighting.
  • the present invention provides a method for driving a light source, comprising the steps of: measuring a line voltage; determining a voltage range between two threshold voltages wherein the measured line voltage lies; - determining a reference signal Sref corresponding to the voltage range, the reference signal indicating a percentage of the maximum light source power; and controlling the light source power at a value that substantially equals the reference signal Sref.
  • Figure 1 shows an exemplary diagram of lamp power Pl versus mains voltage Vm
  • Figure 2 shows a diagram of an embodiment of a lamp provided with a lamp driver according to the present invention.
  • the electric lamp driver 10 comprises an input circuit 12, a converter circuit 14, a drive circuit 16 and a control circuit 18 (Fig. 2).
  • the control circuit 18 is connected to the input circuit 12, the converter circuit 14 and the drive circuit 16.
  • the input circuit 12 is electrically connected to an AC voltage source 20 via electrical power lines 22, 24 having a certain length and impedance.
  • a lamp 26 is connected to the drive circuit 16.
  • the input circuit 12 may comprise a rectifier circuit, such as a diode bridge. If necessary, a power factor correction (PFC) circuit may be included in for instance the input circuit 12.
  • the converter circuit 14 may comprise circuitry for boosting a DC voltage provided by the input circuit to another, higher DC voltage.
  • the drive circuit 16 comprises for instance a half bridge or a full bridge switch circuit, comprising two or four electronic switches respectively.
  • the electronic switches include for instance transistors or field effect transistors (FET's).
  • the control circuit 18 is arranged for controlling a switching frequency of the switches.
  • the control circuit 18 measures the voltage over the electrical power lines 22,
  • the control circuit 18 may also be connected to the drive circuit for measuring the lamp current and lamp voltage, for determining the lamp power. Measuring the voltage over the electrical power lines for instance includes measuring the RMS value or the amplitude of the supplied AC voltage.
  • the control circuit 18 keeps the lamp power at a substantially constant, first level when the mains voltage fluctuates within a first predetermined range.
  • the control circuit changes the lamp power to another, second level if the line voltage changes to a voltage within a second predetermined range, etc.
  • the control circuit controls and changes the lamp power stepwise as a function of the line voltage.
  • the number of ranges is optional, and for instance depends on the mains voltage range, user requirements, and/or a dimming range of the lamp power.
  • the dimming range is for instance about 20%, 40%, or 60% up to 100% of maximum power.
  • the control circuit 18 includes a second circuit, a third circuit and a fourth circuit (not shown).
  • the second circuit is coupled to the input circuit 12 and to the drive circuit for controlling the power supplied to the light source at a value that substantially equals a reference signal Sref.
  • the third circuit is coupled to the input terminals of the input circuit 12 and to the second circuit.
  • the third circuit comprises a memory for storing the threshold voltages and a number of corresponding reference signal values. Each reference signal value is associated with a voltage range determined by two subsequent threshold voltages.
  • the fourth circuit is coupled to the memory of the third circuit. The fourth circuit is adapted to adjust the value of the reference signal Sref to the reference signal value that is associated with the respective voltage range between the two subsequent threshold voltages.
  • Each reference signal Sref corresponds to a percentage of the maximum lamp power.
  • the second circuit of the control circuit controls the lamp power in accordance with the reference signal provided by the third circuit.
  • voltage ranges is provided below. Please note that other voltage ranges are conceivable, within the scope of the present invention.
  • the voltages 198V, 210V, 230V and 240V are subsequent threshold voltages. If the line voltage exceeds 240 V, the control circuit could for instance control the drive circuit to drive the lamp at 100% of the nominal value of the lamp power.
  • the control circuit for instance drives the electronic switches of the drive circuit at two frequencies, i.e. at a first high frequency, and at a second, lower frequency.
  • the first frequency is a drive frequency.
  • the drive frequency for an HID lamp may for instance be in the following ranges:
  • LFSW Low Frequent Square Wave
  • High Frequency (HF) 1 OkHz to 10OkHz;
  • VHF Very High Frequency
  • UHF Ultra High Frequency
  • the second frequency is for instance a square wave that switches the first drive frequency on and off.
  • a cycle of the second frequency is in the order of milliseconds, for instance 100 Hz to 5 kHz. Dimming the lamp may involve increasing the off-time of the square wave of the second frequency.
  • the present invention however is independent of the drive frequency of the lamp.
  • the control circuit of the present invention adjusts the output power of the drive circuit in case the line voltage Vm reaches one of the threshold voltages. By changing the output power, the control circuit changes the power Pl consumed by the lamp.
  • the threshold voltages determine the boundary conditions of the voltage ranges. The threshold voltages determining the voltage ranges are set within the normal working range of the respective driver.
  • the control circuit may implement a predetermined hysteresis.
  • a temporary fluctuation of the line voltage includes for example transients, swells, sags, or interruptions.
  • the hysteresis may include a predetermined time interval, and/or a predetermined voltage drop with respect to one of the threshold voltages. I.e., the control circuit only changes the output power if the line voltage is within another voltage range longer than the predetermined time interval, and/or further than the predetermined voltage drop.
  • the time interval is for instance in the range of 1 to 10 seconds, or up to 60 seconds.
  • the predetermined voltage drop is for instance in the range of 1 to 5 Volt.
  • the power source connected to a group of lamps preferably supplies the power lines with a voltage that is near the higher voltage threshold value of the respective voltage range.
  • near the higher voltage threshold value indicates for instance a voltage between about 205V-210V (1 st range), 225V-230V (2 nd range), or 235V-240 (3 rd range) respectively.
  • the amount of light as well as the color of the light generated by the group of lamps is identical.
  • all lamps within a group emit light at the same intensity and color. Color spread is substantially prevented.
  • the amount of light (lux) on the road is constant along the road.
  • the line voltage is monitored in the control circuit of the driver.
  • the lamp power is adjusted to a predetermined level corresponding to that voltage range.
  • the lamp power (and therefore also the color of the light) is maintained at the same value as long as the line voltage is within the range between two subsequent threshold voltages.
  • the above described lamp driver and method of the present invention allow changing, i.e. controlling the light intensity and color of street lighting by controlling the voltage of the power lines, without additional infrastructure needed to implement control networks such as DALI.
  • the voltage of the power lines may be changed using an adjustable voltage transformer.
  • the transformer could for instance be arranged to adjust the power line voltage in steps corresponding to the above described voltage ranges. All lamps of a group of lamps can be remotely controlled by changing the line voltage. Information may thus be transferred via the existing power lines.
  • the robustness of the adjustable voltage transformer provides the additional advantage of long life expectancy.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments.
  • the described embodiments may be appropriately scaled according to the respective application. Modifications of the embodiments are conceivable within the scope of the appended claims.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une commande de lampe, un système d'éclairage et un procédé. Le procédé consiste à mesurer une tension de ligne; à déterminer une plage de tension entre deux tensions seuils dans laquelle se trouve la tension de ligne mesurée; à déterminer un signal de référence Sref correspondant à la plage de tension, le signal de référence indiquant un pourcentage de la puissance maximale de la source lumineuse; et à régler la puissance de la source lumineuse à une valeur qui est sensiblement égale au signal de référence Sref.
PCT/IB2008/052372 2007-06-20 2008-06-17 Commande de lampe, système d'éclairage et procédé WO2008155714A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07110628.0 2007-06-20
EP07110628 2007-06-20
EP07118744.7 2007-10-18
EP07118744 2007-10-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008155714A1 true WO2008155714A1 (fr) 2008-12-24

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PCT/IB2008/052372 WO2008155714A1 (fr) 2007-06-20 2008-06-17 Commande de lampe, système d'éclairage et procédé

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011103638A1 (de) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-13 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektronischen Vorschaltgeräts für ein Leuchtmittel und elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
EP2563095A3 (fr) * 2011-08-22 2013-03-27 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif d'éclairage, dispositif d'éclairage de phare et unité de phare et véhicule en disposant
WO2013171625A2 (fr) 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Actionneur de lampe et procédé de compensation de chute de tension d'alimentation électrique
FR2996699A1 (fr) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-11 Technoboost Convertisseur abaisseur de tension pour un vehicule

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5148087A (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-09-15 Motorola, Inc. Circuit for driving a gas discharge lamp load
EP0677982A1 (fr) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten Procédé pour commander un ballast de lampes à décharge
EP0821546A2 (fr) * 1996-07-25 1998-01-28 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd Circuit pour alimenter une lampe à décharge
US20030062855A1 (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Tdk Corporation Discharge lamp lighting apparatus and discharge lamp apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5148087A (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-09-15 Motorola, Inc. Circuit for driving a gas discharge lamp load
EP0677982A1 (fr) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten Procédé pour commander un ballast de lampes à décharge
EP0821546A2 (fr) * 1996-07-25 1998-01-28 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd Circuit pour alimenter une lampe à décharge
US20030062855A1 (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Tdk Corporation Discharge lamp lighting apparatus and discharge lamp apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011103638A1 (de) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-13 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektronischen Vorschaltgeräts für ein Leuchtmittel und elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
EP2719259B1 (fr) * 2011-06-08 2019-10-30 Tridonic GmbH & Co KG Ballast électronique et procédé de fonctionnement d'un ballast électronique pour une lampe
EP2563095A3 (fr) * 2011-08-22 2013-03-27 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif d'éclairage, dispositif d'éclairage de phare et unité de phare et véhicule en disposant
US8766540B2 (en) 2011-08-22 2014-07-01 Panasonic Corporation Lighting device, headlamp lighting device, and headlamp unit and vehicle having same
WO2013171625A2 (fr) 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Actionneur de lampe et procédé de compensation de chute de tension d'alimentation électrique
WO2013171625A3 (fr) * 2012-05-15 2014-02-20 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Actionneur de lampe et procédé de compensation de chute de tension d'alimentation électrique
FR2996699A1 (fr) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-11 Technoboost Convertisseur abaisseur de tension pour un vehicule

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