WO2008144862A2

WO2008144862A2 - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation device

Info

Publication number: WO2008144862A2
Application number: PCT/BR2008/000027
Authority: WO
Inventors: Antonio Pereira; Célio GUÉRCIO
Original assignee: Antonio Pereira; Guercio Celio
Priority date: 2007-06-01
Filing date: 2008-01-30
Publication date: 2008-12-04
Also published as: BRPI0705046B1; BRPI0705046A2; WO2008144862A3

Abstract

This invention is a cardiopulmonary resuscitation device, designed to aid and resuscitate victims of cardio respiratory arrest. It comprises mechanisms to program, control (9) and supervise (10) such a process; mechanisms to press (1 ); mechanisms to insulate gases (2); activation mechanisms (5); mechanisms (10) to program and to monitor and to manage data as well as to issue medical reports.

Description

"CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE" Technical field

This invention is an electrical and mechanical device which makes use of robotic techniques and is intended to automatically assist and resuscitate people who are victims of cardio respiratory arrest. Description of the background of the invention

Concerning the background of the invention, there are manual methods to assist and resuscitate victims of a cardio respiratory arrest. For example, there is a purely manual resuscitation technique which uses chest compression alternated with mouth-to-mouth respiration. There is also the mechanical procedure which is performed by means of a device operated manually to apply compressions. The mouth-to-mouth resuscitation can be replaced by manual compression of a flexible gas reservoir - called an ambu valve mask - to insufflate and force the act of breathing in and out and/or exhaling gases. Moreover, there is the possibility of using a defibrillator by manually positioning the paddles of this device on the victim's thorax, according to the procedures established by world famous heart associations like the American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Resuscitation Council (ERC). A description of the background of the invention can be seen in an article entitled "Mechanical Devices for cardiopulmonary resuscitation^'' and written by Jane G. Wigginton, S. Marshal Isaacs and Joseph J. Kay printed in Lippincott Williams & Wilkins's "Current Opinion in Critical Care 2007" bulletin. Concerning the wide use of the current technique to help victims, either mechanically or manually, there are some inconveniences which can be attributed to it, such as the interruption of the thoracic compressions during the cycle of the application; a superficial application of the compressions; low frequency of chest compressions performed; and the incidence of hypo or hyper pulmonary ventilation.

Another inconvenience observed is the crucial time loss when interrupting the resuscitation process in order to assess the victim's heart rhythm or pulse. This invention has solved the inconveniences of previous devices and techniques through the use of an automated device and robotics to resuscitate victims.

The objective of this invention is to solve the existing problems in previous devices and techniques by means of a new robotic technique which integrates, associates and combines the programmable logical sequence of the device in order to control the many processes and variable functions, as well as to adequately follow the several procedures established and regulated by numerous international heart associations.

Another advantage of this invention is that it improves the quality of chest compressions concerning compression frequency and the maintenance of a constant course of dislocation of the thorax and the uniformity of the compressions, synchronized both with the phase of the application sequence of the rescue ventilation and with the sequence of defibrillation. Yet another advantage of this invention is a 50 (fifty) percent reduction in the operational costs of the resuscitation process when compared with the statistical costs computed by renowned hospitals, as well as a decrease in the assistance operational time so as to improve the survival rates of patients who have been treated with the device. Summary of the invention

This invention is a programmable robotic device which contains a series of computing mechanisms composed of several sensors which are able to obtain, measure and transmit a lot of information about the patient to a data control unit which obtains and processes such information about the patient and calculates the controlling information.

This controlling information controls the sequenced information which activates the independent units of the programmable device, which act on the patient (16) to resuscitate him/her. Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the front view of the optimal configuration of this invention/device.

Figure 2 shows the side view of the optimal configuration of this invention/device. Detailed description of the invention

This invention is a programmable semi-automated robotic device which contains a series of computing mechanisms composed of many sensors 8 which are able to obtain, measure and transmit a lot of pre-selected information about the patient to a data control unit 9 which receives and processes such information about the patient and calculated the resulting controlling information 8.

This controlling information controls the sequenced information which activates the independent units 1, 2, 4 and 13 of the programmable device, which act on the patient 16 to resuscitate him/her. The device also has a man-machine interface 10 composed of a panel attached to it, and/or a computer connected to the device to access the controls, mechanisms and functions of the device.

In the optimal configuration of this device/invention, the sensor 8 is designed to measure information regarding: temperature, flow, pressure, humidity, and composition of gases, as well as the concentration of the substances these gases contain; information regarding the patient's weight, height, quadratic and volumetric equations, both internal and external of the patient, as a whole or in parts, and; measurement of cardiopulmonary functional information — either for breathing in or out; measurement of information regarding first, second and third order derived equations from such variable information measured; and measurement of the patient's variable metabolic and pathophysiological information 16.

The control and processing unit 9 is composed of the physical part, the hardware, and the operating system and programs to make the device work, as well as other required programs, i. e., the software.

The hardware comprises, besides the processing and data control unit 9, a casing panel, a power source, memories, as well as a data processor and controller which also stores information, and data input and output mechanisms.

Furthermore, the hardware can have peripheral man-machine interface mechanisms 10 such as the keyboard, monitor, printer, interface information communication network interface mechanisms and terminals to program and configure data. The software is composed of an operating system, several media and object animation programs, as well as many applications which operate the device.

What is more, the software of the device is responsible for programming the device, managing the victim's diagnosis trends, altering operational instructions and procedures, supervising and configuring data, visualizing graphs and multiple screens, monitoring the functions and the patient's clinical status, and producing graphs and reports about the patient as well as diagnosing the components and mechanisms which are part of the device. In the optimal configuration of this invention, the device is composed of a database as well as cardiopulmonary, respiratory, metabolic . and pathophysiological functional information about the patient 16, including a series of functional information about many other patients whose characteristics are similar to the ones of the patient 16. In the optimal configuration of this invention, the device has four independent units, 1, 2, 4 and 13.

The first independent unit 1 is a piston which has an electro- pneumatic or electrohydraulic activation mechanism 6 to alternately press both tips of the activation piston 17 making it move, which is controlled by the processing and data control unit 9. The activator 17 presses and decompresses the thorax.

The second independent unit 2 is a piston which contains an electro-pneumatic or electrohydraulic activation mechanism 7 to alternately press both tips of the activation piston 18 making it move, which is controlled by the processing and data control unit 9. The activator 18 presses and decompresses the flexible gas reservoirs.

The third independent unit 4 has articulated robotic arms with electro-pneumatic or electrohydraulic activation mechanisms 3 to alternately press both tips of the activation piston 5 making it move, which is controlled by the processing and data control unit 9. The activator 5 positions the electrical charge on the patient.

The fourth independent unit 13 is a stretcher which has a piston with an electro-pneumatic or electrohydraulic activation mechanism 15 to alternately press both tips of the activation piston (14) making the stretcher

13 move, which is controlled by the processing and data control unit 9. The activator 14 and the stretcher 13 are responsible for positioning the patient 16.

The activation 6, 7, 3 and 15 concerns the double action piston and directional valves of liquid flow and solenoid valves to block or release the flow, alternately directed to press the tips of the activation piston 17, 18,

15 and 5 whose operational logical sequence is controlled by the processing and data control unit 9.

This device/invention also has an electric, hydraulic and/or pneumatic activation means, which is capable of producing several movements of the device unit, which is controlled by the processing and data control unit 9.

Moreover, this device/invention has fastening mechanisms 11 such as self-supporting mechanisms and a support to position the victim and the device automatically.

In the preferred version of the present invention, the device is compact and portable in order to allow emergency aid in mobile units.

In the preferred version of the present invention, the operation of the device comprises several stages: automatically positioning the patient and the device; taking and reading information from the patient and transmitting them to the data control and processing unit 9 to process the information and calculate the controlling information which activate the independent units 1, 2, 4, 13, which act and intervene in order to change the patient's clinical status 16; and, treating the patient with the programmable semi-automated device.

Based on figures 1 and 2, it can observed that this invention comprises a device of a programmable robotic method with associated, combined and/or synchronized control of its independent units 1, 2, 4 and 13 in order to assist a large number of victims and perform the wide range of resuscitation procedures established by the several heart associations throughout the world.

Claims

1. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, characterized by the fact that it comprising: a series of sensors (8) which are specially designed to measure information about the patient (16), especially regarding: temperature, flow, pressure, humidity, and composition of gases, as well as the concentration of the substances these gases contain; information regarding the patient's weight, height, quadratic and volumetric equations, both internal and external of the patient, as a whole or in parts, and; measurement of cardiopulmonary functional information — either for breathing in or out; metabolic, chemical and pathophysiological information derived from the first and second orders of from such information measured; a data processing and control unit (9): specially to obtain, store and process information about the patient and about many other patients whose characteristics are similar to the ones of the patient; (16) to calculate the controlling information and to combine sequenced controlled information, specially the frequency and intensity of the activator (17); measurement of temperature, pressure, humidity continuous or pulsing flow of the gases insufflated by the activator (18); and to select the measurement of the electrical charge of the activator (5), which control the independent units (1,

2, 4, 13) that act on the patient (16) ; a man-machϊne interface (10); panel located in the body of the device, preferably a computer and peripheral components connected to the device; several independent units (1, 2, 4, 13), each of which has a double action piston with an activation mechanism (6, 7, 3, 15), preferably an electro-pneumatic or electrohydraulic one in order to promote the alternate movement of the activator (17, 18, 5 and 14), to act on the patient; e a fastening mechanism (11), preferably to support itself and the device as well as to position the device.

2. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized by an information processing and control unit (9) which comprises files from a series of databases and a lot of information regarding the patient, as well as many other patients with similar characteristics.

3. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, according to either of the claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the fixation mechanism (11), the activation mechanism (12) and the stretcher (13) are responsible for the positioning of the device and the patient automatically.

4. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, according to any of the claims from 1 to 3, characterized by an independent unit (13), which is a stretcher comprising mechanisms to press the dorsal region and/or press the sides of the victim's thorax (16).

5. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, according to any of the claims from 1 to 4, characterized by the independent unit (1), which is responsible for pressing and decompressing the thorax.

6. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, according to any of the claims from 1 to 5, characterized by an independent unit (2) which is responsible for insufflating gas with continuous or pulsing flow and can compress and decompress the flexible gas container.

7. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE, according to any of the claims from 1 to 6, characterized by an independent unit (4) which comprises robotic arms and forearms which have moving articulated mechanisms to position (5) the electric charge on the patient's body (16).

8. A CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION DEVICE₅ according to any of the claims from 1 to 7, characterized by the activation mechanism (5, 17, 18), which comprises a great quantity of derivation and/or extension mechanisms in order to operate in a series or in parallel with the activation mechanism (5, 17, 18).