WO2008142185A1

WO2008142185A1 - Structural energy-yielding element

Info

Publication number: WO2008142185A1
Application number: PCT/ES2008/000348
Authority: WO
Inventors: Antonio Molina Alcolea
Original assignee: Antonio Molina Alcolea
Priority date: 2007-05-17
Filing date: 2008-05-16
Publication date: 2008-11-27
Also published as: ES2310124A1; ES2310124B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural energy-yielding element designed to be attached to part of a construction and to form one of the following components: facing, a decorative element or a piece of furniture. The structural energy-yielding element includes: a first supporting component (1) made from expanded polymer so as to define the three-dimensional shape of the structural energy-yielding element; a second energy-yielding component (2) inserted directly into the supporting component (1) in order to perform an energy-related function, such as, inter alia, storage, conversion and generation; an anchoring surface (30) having a series of anchors for attaching a surface energy-yielding component (2); and a supporting surface (11) for attaching the structural energy-yielding element to part of the construction. The surface energy-yielding component (2) is inserted individually into the anchors of the anchoring surface (30) of the supporting component (1). The structural energy-yielding component performs an architectural function, for example serving as an enclosure, cladding, a shade or similar, as well as an energy-related function.

Description

STRUCTURAL ENERGY ELEMENT

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a structural energy element to integrate into a construction, a decorative element or a furniture, an element that simultaneously fulfills an architectural function and an energy function.

Background of the invention

Renewable energy applications are projected beyond traditional facilities such as "artifacts", both in architecture and in the city. For a few years, the maximum integration of the energy elements has been sought.

In general, solar systems capture systems, are composed of panels or collectors that group together a set of collectors. Although solar installations have been integrated to a different degree, especially photovoltaic systems through systems such as glass-glass or solar roof tiles, there is still a lack of agreement between them and the surrounding environment, especially by the supports or other elements. of them that cause significant visual impacts. The following are systems for integrating solar installations in homes.

The main construction walls where photovoltaic systems capture systems are normally integrated are the roofs (inclined or flat) and the facades. 1. Integration in sloping roofs

1.a) BY SUPERPOSITION OF PANELS OR SOLAR COLLECTORS

When the roof has a suitable inclination for the integration of the solar installation to be integrated (solar thermal, photovoltaic, thermodynamic), the superposition on auxiliary structure with the same inclination as the support is used. The main disadvantages are:

- Being an overlapping installation, a difference in height can be seen with respect to the roof, generating a feeling of aggregate element (protrusion).

- In these installations the collectors are supported on auxiliary structures (usually metallic) that break with the aesthetics of the roof, especially with the ceramic tile roofs. - Double functionality is not achieved (energetic and architectural)

1.b) BY ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION OF PANELS OR SOLAR COLLECTORS

In this technique part of the surface of the roof or even all of it is replaced by solar panels.

The main disadvantages from the point of view of integration are:

- There are numerous problems and disadvantages of integration in the outer or peripheral areas of the roofs, mainly due to measurement and shape of the panels. Since there is difficulty for its incorporation in the entire roof, the integration of panels is carried out exclusively partially, causing an unpleasant aesthetic effect (patch effect).

- Sealing problems for connection of panels. Thus, according to the results obtained in different research projects, where the different commercial models existing in the market were analyzed, it was observed that the connection, both in series and in parallel or series-parallel, between the sensors was not resolved. This was due to the fact that they imposed a certain distance between the housings for the proper connection and this forced the introduction of sealing elements that did not resolve the tightness of the assembly with sufficient guarantee. 1.c) BY ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION WITH SOLAR TILES Two types of solar roof tiles can be distinguished fundamentally:

- Tiles that use conventional clay, ceramic and other materials. Although in this case the integration is good, they present as main drawbacks:

- The high price due to high manufacturing costs

- Excessive care in handling and placement on deck - Possible color discrepancies between the ceramic material and the solar collector.

- Tiles that do not use conventional ceramic materials. In this case the flat sensor acts as a tile. Since the dimensions of these sensors are standardized, integration difficulties occur in peripheral areas, creating undesirable aesthetic impacts and only serve to create smooth roofs, making it impossible to use curved tiles (aesthetic limitation).

2. Integration in flat roofs

2.a) BY SUPERPOSITION OF PANELS OR SOLAR COLLECTORS

In this case the sensors are mounted on auxiliary structure. For this technique, whenever there is a profile or any other element that reduces its visual impact, placement on a structure with different inclination is preferred than the cover to take advantage of the best orientation and inclination.

The field of application is small because it is only applicable to homes that have a flat roof.

2.b) BY ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION The architectural replacement of the roof can be done through crystals.

Depending on the transparency of the cells we can have totally transparent crystals or semi-transparent crystals, with the function of letting the sifted light pass between the solar cells and allowing natural lighting in the form of a lucemario or translucent covers with a high degree of integration and relevant architectural and aesthetic value, in addition to a relatively lower cost for replacing part of the roofing materials and for construction.

3. Vertical facade integration (Continuous or discontinuous)

3.a) BY SUPERPOSITION

These are modules superimposed on the facade material. 3.a.1) On auxiliary structure with different inclination than the support. This is usually done through facade elements. Among them we can highlight the skylights.

Skylights are an ideal place in the building to integrate photovoltaic systems, given the large area that is usually available, free of obstacles that can cast shadows on the panels. The photovoltaic systems that are preferably used in this type of applications are semi-transparent, since these, apart from providing electricity and protection against external agents, should allow the light to enter the building.

In the skylights, to the multiple possibilities of proper aesthetic design of the structure, the one of the lights and shadows that are projected inside the building is added, which is especially stimulating from the architectural point of view.

The awnings of windows and patios built on photovoltaic materials offer very creative solutions and in turn, are a perfect way to enhance the designs of the facade.

The main drawbacks are the unsightly appearance and the orientation of the panels with an optimum inclination angle, which produces a longer return period.

3. a.2) On structure with the same inclination. They are directly coupled by traditional fastening systems and it is not usually necessary to provide the atmospheric protection panel. This solution is the most used, because it is the simplest when executing the work, although it is obviously not the most satisfactory because it does not achieve a double functionality (energetic and architectural). 3.b) BY ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION (EMBEDDED IN FAÇADE)

This form of placement involves the replacement of a part of the surface of the facade or even all of it. It consists of configuring the facade of the building using modules or panels as construction material.

The panels become an integral part of the structure of the building and therefore, to provide the necessary resistant characteristics and protection against external agents.

The disadvantages of this type of integration are:

- In most cases there is no adequate ventilation to the modules to dissipate heat and thus improve the efficiency of the installation. - The performance in vertical position is lower given the solar incidence on the facade according to its position parallel to the zenith; In addition, the orientation of the modules is not optimal in terms of energy efficiency, unlike the integration on the roof of the building.

- This assumption is the one that offers less possibilities for the integration of the sensors. Obviously, only south-facing facades or deviations of this orientation between 20-22 ° maximum, east or west are available.

- In addition, it usually requires blind cloths of a certain entity, as the sensors are tilted 90 ° with respect to the horizontal one.

3.c) ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION BY SOLAR CRYSTALS This is an architectural integration by means of solar crystals (individual or as a curtain wall), in vertical facades. The crystals in turn can be transparent or semi-transparent depending on the type of cell placed. The main disadvantages are:

- Due to their innovative nature they are being used exclusively in modern homes or buildings as new office buildings

- Glasses can have a mirror effect

- In addition, the facade glass is responsible for more than a quarter of the energy consumption necessary for air conditioning and considerably increases the operating costs of air conditioning and heating systems throughout the useful life of the home. - Although there is the possibility of housing with double "walls" of glass, which are very similar to each other and on which there is no certain data of joint thermal behavior, these present problems of cleaning between the two walls: the curtain wall and the blind wall. Description of the invention

One aspect of the invention refers to a structural energy element configured to be fixed in all types of especially constructive locations and to constitute a component selected from a construction wall, a decorative element and a furniture characterized in that it comprises: a first support component from of an expanded polymer to define a three-dimensional geometry of the structural energy element; at least a second energy component embedded directly in the support component to perform an energy function selected from storage, transformation, generation and combinations thereof; an anchor surface comprising a plurality of anchors configured to fix a surface energy component; a support surface configured to fix the structural energy element to

Ia location in the construction; where the surface energy component is embedded individually in the anchors of the anchor surface of the support component; to obtain a structural energy element that integrates: an architectural function selected from enclosure, cladding, shading and combinations thereof and an energy function. The main surface energy components are the collectors. In

The actuality these sensors are presented in the form of panels or collectors that incorporate in their interior the tubes, cells or other individual sensors.

However, with these new structural elements that have custom anchors or grooves, tubes or cells can be placed individually and according to a previously selected criterion.

These new elements allow an individualized integration of the components of the collection system (surface energy element). This individualized integration can be achieved thanks to the fact that the surface of the element has different anchors or holes that allow the placement as individual elements. These anchors may vary in shape, size, depending on the type of capture component that is intended to be integrated as cells, absorber tubes or other type.

The individualized integration consists, therefore, in an incorporation of the collection systems by means of their individual elements (photovoltaic, thermo-photovoltaic, seebeck cells or tubes, absorber tubes, or cooling fluids).

In the invention, the individual components are incorporated directly into the construction walls that are constituted by the structural energy element or union of several structural elements. It is a new concept of integration that breaks with the current concept of incorporating modules, panels, collectors and other auxiliary equipment. By means of the present invention, it is achieved:

- Increase the possibilities of architectural, constructive or decorative design. - Avoid the problems and aesthetic problems of the panels or modules or Integration Problems in peripheral areas. o Effect patched on roofs. o Lack of waterproofing between panels.

It facilitates the possible places of integration, especially in difficult areas or walls of roofs such as ridge, slings and gutter edges.

The structural elements, either by themselves or through the union of several elements, allow constituting conventional building walls such as facades, roofs and others, a decorative element or a furniture element, in addition to the added function of incorporating energy elements. In construction walls they can replace enclosures, cladding and insulation systems, perfectly fulfilling the double energetic and architectural function.

The energy elements can be linked to any type of energy or radiation such as solar, solar thermal, photovoltaic, thermodynamic, wind, geothermal, biomass and others.

The polymer can be shaped by cutting. Starting from expanded polymers, and by means of simple cutting processes, structural elements of any three-dimensional geometry that are required and that are also adapted to the particularities of the elements where they are superimposed or integrated (covered, can be developed without the need for series productions) roofs, walls and others locations) without presenting integration problems and respecting the architectural and environmental environment. Even being able to totally replace these walls. These structural elements enable conformations that satisfy any desired individual request or design need. They also solve the problems of the modules obtained with other materials or non-expanded polymers, since these new elements of expanded polymers allow the three-dimensional geometry of each structural energy element to be shaped individually: being expanded polymers, they can be easily cut to fit the specific peculiarities of each dwelling, element or wall. On the other hand, the usual process of manufacturing by molding implies high costs for the manufacture of the mold where the elements will subsequently be manufactured; It is this high cost of the molds that forces to manufacture long series of elements that, necessarily have to be equal to each other since they have been manufactured in the same mold. The structural energy element may also comprise a third resistant component embedded directly in the support component to increase the mechanical properties of the structural energy element.

The second energy component may be located in a position selected from: visible, on a face seen from the structural energy element to constitute a surface energy component; and hidden, on a non-visible face of the structural energy element to constitute a hidden energy component.

The polymer may be selected from a natural polymer, an artificial polymer and a synthetic polymer.

If it is a synthetic polymer, it may be selected from: synthetic polymerized; synthetic polycondensates; synthetic polyducts.

The polymer may also be selected from polystyrene and its copolymers. The preferred material for use of these elements is expanded polystyrene

(EPS), and especially its variety of hard-flammable EPS. This material has the following properties: - Low density, which allows

+ Easy handling and transport. + Reduction of transport and labor costs. - Good acoustic, thermal and electrical insulation, which allows the creation of structural elements for architectural integration (enclosure, cladding and others) with significant energy savings and / or comfort.

The polymer of the structural energy element may also comprise a flame retardant in a surface finish of the structural energy element.

The structural energy element may further comprise: a joining surface configured to fix a first structural energy element with a second structural energy element.

The individual unit or composite elements allow to be joined by different joining means. Between the different elements and means of union:

- Non-permanent fasteners such as through screws, metal flanges or combination of anchors.

- Lace using male-female connectors. '

- Eyelashes with slots. These elements are particularly elaborated to allow unions between them with which you can obtain a set of the same dimensions, geometry and characteristics as the wall to be replaced, for example a facade or a roof of tiles, producing a true and complete architectural integration and aesthetics of the first support component and the second energy component.

In turn, said set allows the elements and / or parts thereof to be separated in order to facilitate repair, maintenance and assembly work, among others.

The structural energy element may further comprise: an interior cavity configured to fix an accessible internal energy component.

In the interior cavities of the structural energy element an interior space is defined that serves to house or hide accessories, auxiliary elements of solar-energy installations such as inverters, regulators, accumulators, junction boxes, wiring, conduits, and other auxiliary elements for:

- Protect from external aggressions such as rain, humidity, wind and other meteorological phenomena to:

+ The electrical connections of photovoltaic, thermo-photovoltaic,

Seebeck and others + The unions of the absorption and cooling tubes with the ducts round trip distributors in facilities (solar thermal, thermodynamic, refrigerating and other

- Improve aspects related to ventilation, cooling to avoid some possible problems such as loss of efficiency of solar and other systems or use of the residual heats of the energy elements.

Likewise, the elements, or their set, allow a separate integration of different energy components of the same installation (for example collector and deposit in solar thermal installations) or of hybrid installations (for example solar collector and thermodynamic panel) and can also allow Ia concealment of internal energy components, with the possibility of access to them.

Separate integration of the energy components, means that with the structural elements it is possible to incorporate separately different components (visible or interior) of a compact energy installation.

To date, solar thermal or other installations have been placed primarily on the roofs by means of compact equipment that includes the collector, which can be flat, and the accumulator. The fact of placing an accumulator on the roof causes significant visual and aesthetic impacts on homes. However, with the present invention elements or assemblies thereof are created that allow the accumulator to be hidden and also allow easy access to it. The same happens with other types of energy installations such as thermo-photovoltaic, thermodynamic and others.

Furthermore, these elements, or a set of elements, enable simultaneous integrations of energy components of hybrid installations.

A type of structural energy element can be a unitary element comprising: a base portion comprising the support surface; a top portion comprising the anchor surface.

Another type of structural energy element may be a composite element comprising: a base piece comprising supporting surfaces; a top piece comprising anchoring surfaces.

That is, the structural elements may be composed of one or more pieces, which facilitate the maintenance, repair or replacement of the energy elements of the structural elements. Unitary element: Formed by a single piece of polymeric material. Composite element: Made up of several pieces of polymeric material:

- A base piece or base of the element, to anchor the structural energy element by means of the support surface.

- A piece top or top of the element to include the energy components of the installation in the anchoring surface of collectors or inside.

With the composite elements, the initial assembly of the base or base part of the element and the subsequent placement of the top or top part of the element is allowed to avoid any damage to the collectors caused by nearby tasks during the construction of the housing. In this way, the top or top piece of the element can be placed once all the tasks have been completed.

The composite elements also facilitate the maintenance, repair or replacement of the energy systems, since the composite elements allow the top or top part of the element to be lifted exclusively.

On the other hand, the polymeric elements of expanded material allow easy and economical treatments, with reinforcing elements or with other polymers of the same nature, to modify or obtain special or improved properties. Among them:

- Incorporation of resistant or reinforcing elements (fiberglass, plastic fibers, textiles, metallic fabrics or special cements) by means of suitable joining materials (resins, glues, plasters, cements). The incorporation of these elements can be done in the exterior and / or interior areas of the elements, or in certain parts (in the case of composite elements). This will depend on the characteristics that are demanded for each zone or piece of the element. Generally, good resistance and waterproofing properties will be conferred for the part of the element containing the joint surface.

- Hardening by adding a material of the same nature of the element or other related. In this treatment, a more or less fluid mass is prepared by dissolving in suitable solvent that becomes integral with the surface of the element, providing the corresponding hardness.

With these treatments it is achieved that said elements or their parts comply with the characteristics required in the applicable regulations (for example CTE Building Technical Code, NTE Building Technical Standards). Likewise, the polymeric structural elements, unlike the Flat modules with metal brackets, allow any finish, either with traditional or modern appearance, not attainable with known systems. These finishes will preferably occur on the most visible element surfaces such as the anchor surface. These new elements can be given different finishes to improve their appearance, texture and color getting aesthetic and harmonic final finishes with the environment where they are located.

The integration of the components of the collection systems known in the state of the art (visible energy elements) has been carried out fundamentally by means of panels with supports, mainly metal, not presenting much concordance or harmony with the rest of the surrounding structural elements or surroundings.

Among the numerous finishes that allow the elements of the invention can be noted: - Finishes with traditional coatings. They can be given any traditional finish either directly or through primers for surface preparation.

- Modern finishes that modify its texture or appearance. Producing colorful and varied effects such as wood grain, material aging. - Finishes that mimic conventional materials such as wood, metal, ceramics. With these elements you can get finishes that mimic tiles made of concrete, ceramic, slate or any type of facade.

- Harmonic aesthetic finishes with its surroundings or adjacent elements.

Some examples of finishes can be: - Wood veneer, natural stone.

- Plastered with cement mortar, lime, mixed.

- Garnished and plastered with plaster paste.

- Repeals with resins, cement mortars, lime.

- Paints: Lime, silicate, cement, plastic, oil, enamel, martelé paint.

- Enamels: alkyd, polyurethane, epoxy, flame retardant.

- Varnishes: flame retardant, intumescent.

- Lacquers: polyurethane, nitrocellulosic bases.

- Primers: anticorrosive, flame retardant, waterproofing, antioxidants or other additives. - Novel aesthetic finishes or that mimic conventional elements of materials such as wood, ceramics, porcelain.

The present invention allows incorporating any energy element linked to any type of energy or radiation (solar thermal, photovoltaic, thermo-photovoltaic, thermoelectric, thermodynamic, wind, geothermal, biomass, infrared, ultraviolet radiation.

The main energy elements to be integrated can be related to, among others, lighting systems, air conditioning, cold or heat production, energy production, cogeneration, telecommunications, control and supervision. The structural energy element allows the individualized integration of an energy component of any of the visible energy elements of an installation that can be:

- Photovoltaic or thermo-photovoltaic installation

- Installation of electricity production (Seebeck effect) or heat (Peltier effect) - Installation of natural light lighting

- Solar thermal installation

- Wind installation

- Electric or thermal biomass

- Waste (RSU + Biogas Urban Solid Waste) - Thermodynamic installation (heat pumps, cooling)

- Hybrid installations or any installation that can use renewable energy for its operation

The design and finishing possibilities of these structural elements that have a first polymeric component, allow them to be placed also indoors or indoors, and even in buildings free of buildings (for example as external furniture or decoration).

The internal structural elements are mainly used to incorporate as energy elements, systems that allow the collection of radiation or energy from the interior (thermodynamic systems, non-solar radiation), or secondary or auxiliary elements of various facilities.

The structural elements can be used outside buildings such as external furniture or decoration, especially interesting when a larger collection area is required or the location of the structural elements in any part of the building is not possible. The structural elements can also be used for partial concealment or total of the internal energy elements as accumulators and also allow easy access to them.

Likewise, the structural elements, or a set of them, allow partially or totally replacing conventional building walls (facades, roofs), decorative elements or furniture. Likewise, the elements, or a set of them, can replace enclosures, cladding and insulation systems, perfectly fulfilling the double energetic and architectural function.

Unlike installations with panels or modules, an installation with the elements of the invention does not require a double expense in solar panels and in conventional insulation and / or coating materials, with the consequent lowering.

In other words, by means of the union of these elements it is possible to form a set that presents an architectural and harmonic integration that can replace traditional walls such as facades and roofs. In turn, said set allows the elements to be separated to facilitate repair, maintenance and assembly work, among others.

Some characteristics of the structural elements of the invention are indicated below:

- They are easily movable because they are very light, since they comprise a first component of expanded polymers, which have a high air / gas content

Thus, these structural elements can be easily transported for situations in which obstacle generation is anticipated after installation, such as the growth of trees or the construction of new constructions, or when a rapid transfer of the installation is desired.

- The possibilities of assembly are multiple and customized to measure, in accordance with the application required by the user, as well as with the characteristics demanded by the energy installations to be integrated into the structural elements. This ease in the conformation of the structural energy element is also due to the fact that the first component of the element is of expanded polymers, which can be shaped by manufacturing processes such as thermoforming.

The structural elements can be classified according to the number of pieces that form them into: Unitary element: Formed by a single piece of polymeric material, configured to be subject to the roof, enclosure or any structure of the building by the support surface through fixing means that preferably support winds of up to 120 km / h. Said fixing means can be a through screw, a metal flange or any combination of non-permanent anchors that facilitate the connection and maintenance process of the integrated installation, while ensuring adequate fastening.

Optionally, the unit elements can be interconnected with each other to reaffirm the integration and security of the assembly in the manner described under the section Composite Element. If any type of hole is visible to allow access to the assembly and disassembly means, or union between elements, it is mimicked with the rest of the element by means of a trim, such as a screw cap or a joint .

Composite element: Made up of several pieces of polymeric material. It comprises a piece (base element) anchored to the structure of the building by the support surface, similar to the unit element described above, next to another or other pieces (top elements), which include the components of the installation on the surface of anchoring of collectors or inside. Between the base element and the element, or top elements, an interior space is enabled to house a connection or constituent elements of the installation that, preferably, must be hidden.

Regardless of the union between base elements, considered as unitary elements for anchoring purposes, an assembly is made between top elements so that it remains totally camouflaged with the rest of the element. The possibilities of this union can be determined based on the needs and characteristics of the integration; As an example, cases can be considered as through screws between top elements that are introduced into the base element, top elements embedded together as puzzle pieces or by DIN rail. The union between base elements and top elements can be carried out simultaneously with the assembly of top elements with each other, always after the connection of the installation corresponding to said elements. The anchoring means between the top element and the base element can preferably be carried out with a through fastener, allowing according to the application, fittings by male-female connectors or grooved flanges among others. External access for disassembly is always allowed through a device or hole created for this purpose and duly camouflaged in the element, thus facilitating maintenance tasks and possible change or extension of the integrated installation. Optionally, the possibility of anchoring both the base element and the top element to the structural energy element by means of a single fastening element is contemplated, by means of pins of different characteristics according to the support material.

These anchoring methods and material properties of the elements derive in a series of advantages such as:

- Convenient handling and transport, due to the low density of the elements, even if they carry pre-installed components.

- Easy assembly, including displacements of any kind, due to the low weight of the elements; Especially significant when compared to other traditional systems such as panels with metal supports.

- Fast assembly process, reducing downtime and greatly simplifying installations.

- Reduced danger in execution of work, unlike other systems, as a result of the comfortable handling and speed of assembly, which also minimizes the temporary interval of the installer subject to risk (such as exposure to heights, for example).

- High resistance to compression, due to post-forming treatment and prior to installation.

- It allows dilatation of the material. - Waterproofing, avoiding the creation of sealing problems and tile effect, thus guaranteeing its durability.

The anchoring surface of the element has many variables. Some of them:

- Regarding the anchors: the number, size, shape or spatial orientation of the individual anchors where the sensors are incorporated can be varied

(cells or tubes). The orientation and height of said individual anchors can be varied to achieve three-dimensional effects and in accordance with a desired exterior appearance.

- In relation to the inter-anchor surface, the shape, type, finish and depth of the surface or elements between anchors and / or sensors can be played. Finish allows to place other decorative or aesthetic elements such as moldings.

- With respect to the sensors. Different types of collectors can be used and combined, either from the same installation or from different (hybrid) installations. Thus for a photovoltaic installation, they can be combined (glass, thin film cells, photovoltaic coatings) and for a hybrid installation (cells and tubes)

- It is also possible to vary and combine the shapes, sizes, colors, orientation, dimensional of the solar collectors to achieve a better integration of the elements. The free surface of the element presents a wide variety of design alternatives. It can be played with the shape, texture (rough or smooth) and final finish (traditional or modern coating).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Next, a series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example thereof is described very briefly.

Figure 1A is a perspective view of a structural energy element with ridge function showing the different components and surfaces thereof.

Figure 1 B is an exploded view of a structural energy element with ridge function showing the different components and surfaces thereof. Figure 2A is a perspective view of a structural energy element with a tile profile function showing the different components and surfaces thereof.

Figure 2B is an exploded view of a corrugated tile profile where the different components and the main surfaces thereof are detailed.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the invention relates to a structural energy element configured to be fixed in a location of a construction and constitute a wall of a construction. The energy element comprises: a first support component (1) from an expanded polymer to define a three-dimensional geometry of the structural energy element; at least a second energy component (2) embedded directly in the support component (1) to perform an energy function selected from storage, transformation, generation and combinations thereof; an anchor surface (30) comprising a plurality of anchors configured to fix a surface energy component (2); a support surface (11) configured to fix the structural energy element to the location in the construction; where the surface energy component (2) is embedded individually in the anchors of the anchor surface (30) of the support component (1); to obtain a structural energy element that integrates: an architectural coating function, and an energy function.

The energy element may have a ridge function as illustrated in Figures 1A and 1 B or a tile profile function as illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B.

In figures 1A and 1 B it can be seen:

- a support component (1) from an expanded polymer that defines a ridge as a structural energy element; - an energy component (2) as vacuum tubes embedded directly in the support component;

- a resistant component (3) embedded directly in the support component (1) to increase the mechanical properties of the structural energy element;

- anchoring surfaces (30), with their plurality of anchors for fixing the surface energy component (vacuum tubes);

- a support surface (11), to fix the ridge to the tile or floor;

- joining surfaces (10).

Figures 2A and 2B show similar components to those shown in Figures 1A and 1 B. In this case, the support component (1) defines a wavy tile profile.

Claims

1. A structural energy element configured to be fixed in a construction location and constitute a component selected from a construction wall, a decorative element and furniture characterized in that it comprises: a first support component (1) from an expanded polymer to define a three-dimensional geometry of the structural energy element; at least a second energy component (2) embedded directly in the support component (1) to perform an energy function selected from storage, transformation, generation and combinations thereof; an anchor surface (30) comprising a plurality of anchors configured to fix a surface energy component (2); a support surface (11) configured to fix the structural energy element to the location in the construction; where the surface energy component (2) is embedded individually in the anchors of the anchor surface (30) of the support component (1); to obtain a structural energy element that integrates: an architectural function selected from enclosure, cladding, shading and combinations thereof and an energy function.

2. The structural energy element of claim 1 characterized in that the polymer is shaped by cutting.

3. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-2 characterized in that it further comprises a third resistant component (3) embedded directly in the support component (1) to increase the mechanical properties of the structural energy element.

4. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-3 characterized in that the second energy component (2) is located in a position selected from: visible, on a face view of the structural energy element to constitute an energy component (2) of surface; and hidden, on a non-visible face of the structural energy element to constitute a hidden energy component (2).

5. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-4 characterized in that the polymer is selected from a natural polymer, an artificial polymer and a synthetic polymer.

6. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-4 characterized in that the polymer is a synthetic polymer selected from: synthetic polymerized; synthetic polycondensates; synthetic polyducts.

7. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-4 characterized in that the polymer is a polymer selected from polystyrene and its copolymers.

8. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-7 characterized in that the polymer comprises a flame retardant in a surface finish of the structural energy element.

9. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-8 characterized in that it further comprises: a joining surface (10) configured to fix a first structural energy element with a second structural energy element.

10. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-9 characterized in that it further comprises: an inner cavity configured to fix an accessible inner energy component (2).

11. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-10 characterized in that it is a unitary element comprising: a base portion comprising the support surface (11); a top portion comprising the anchor surface (30).

12. The structural energy element of any of claims 1-10 characterized in that it is a composite element comprising: a base piece (100) comprising support surfaces (11); a top piece (101) comprising anchoring surfaces (30).