WO2008140285A1 - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Continuously variable transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008140285A1
WO2008140285A1 PCT/MX2007/000059 MX2007000059W WO2008140285A1 WO 2008140285 A1 WO2008140285 A1 WO 2008140285A1 MX 2007000059 W MX2007000059 W MX 2007000059W WO 2008140285 A1 WO2008140285 A1 WO 2008140285A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotation
planetary gears
planetary
output
input
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Application number
PCT/MX2007/000059
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carlos Alberto Brena Pinero
Original Assignee
Carlos Alberto Brena Pinero
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Publication date
Application filed by Carlos Alberto Brena Pinero filed Critical Carlos Alberto Brena Pinero
Priority to PCT/MX2007/000059 priority Critical patent/WO2008140285A1/en
Publication of WO2008140285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008140285A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission (CVT), that is, a transmission with a torque and speed ratio between an input shaft and an output shaft, which can be varied. gradually.
  • CVT continuously variable transmission
  • This transmission can be used in both automotive vehicles and industrial machinery (lathes, milling machines, etc.), because the transmission of power is done through gears, which allows you to handle high touches on the input and output axes, as well as high revolutions per minute (RPM) if required.
  • RPM revolutions per minute
  • Lag continuously variable transmissions are used in cars, motorcycles and industrial machines, to which the description that follows will be referred, without restricting the object of application of the invention.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission, capable of transmitting high torques and high revolutions, occupying a reduced volume; counting on the possibility of being able to be regulated electronically, which allows it to meet the specific needs of operation, whether in its industrial or automotive application.
  • Another advantage of the present invention compared to known similar transmissions is that it uses a servomotor for lower power consumption for its operation, and that it requires less space.
  • Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the assembly of a preferred embodiment of the continuously variable force and speed transmission mechanism according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the separate parts of the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 It is a diagram of the assembly of the preferred mode shown in Figures 1 and 2, delineating its location within a housing and showing indications for the electronic control of said modality.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the assembly of a preferred mode of the continuously variable force and speed transmission mechanism, in which the general arrangement of the mechanism is appreciated.
  • Said mechanism is characterized by two planetary gears (24,26) which have toothed on their perimeter surface, an intermediate planetary gear (25), two gears (17.21) that are geared to the perimeter surface of the planetary gears (24 , 26), two reversing gears (18,20), a servomotor (23), and a plurality of axes, among which the axis is identified input (1) and output shaft (16).
  • the rotation of the solar gear (2) is transmitted to the planetary gears (3) that are in its periphery.
  • the number of such planetary gears is indistinct, they can be one or several, although it is recommended that they be three or four to achieve an adequate distribution of the effort they make.
  • the planetary gears (3) are engaged with the inner teeth of the crown (4), which tends to rotate in favor of the tangential force that these planetary gears print.
  • Such a tendency of rotation of the crown (4) is in opposition to the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (14), which prevents it from rotating freely. The cause of this opposition will be seen later.
  • the planetary plate (7) is part of the planetary gear (25) and transmits the turning force to the gears planetariums (8) ⁇ which in turn are engaged with the inner teeth of the crown (9), which is fixed to the housing (27);
  • This fastener is represented in Figures (2,3) by the symbol (31).
  • the planetariums (8) find a support in the inner teeth of the crown (9), they rotate the solar gear (10), which is attached or forms the same piece with the shaft (11), assembling at one of its ends .
  • the solar gear (12) is assembled at the other end of the shaft (11), to which the turning force is transmitted. It is recommended that the joint between the shaft (11) and the solar gear (12) be by means of grooves, to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the mechanism.
  • the function of the planetary gear (25) is to perform a multiplication on the shaft (11) contrary to the reduction made on the shaft (6) by the planetary gear (24); so that if both planetary gears (24,25) are equal, when the crown (4) is not rotating, the speed and rotational force of the solar gear (12) will be the same as those of the solar gear (2). Likewise, the direction of rotation of the solar gear (12) will be the same as that of the input shaft (1).
  • the solar gear (12) is part of the planetary gear (26) and transmits its rotation to the planetary gears
  • the planetary gears (24,25,26) can be equal to each other or of different sizes but for explanation purposes, we will give as an example that all three are the same size. And if the first planetary gear (24) makes a reduction, for example, of 3: 1, the second planetary gear (25) would perform a multiplication of 1: 3 and the third planetary gear (26) would again make a reduction of 3: 1, so that the final gear ratio between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (16) would be 3: 1, considering that the crown (9) is fixed to the housing (27) and that the crowns (4.14) do not rotate, due to the aforementioned turning reversing mechanism that works as follows:
  • the gear (17) receives the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (4) and transmits it to the gear (18) by means of the shaft (19).
  • the gear (21) receives the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (14) and transmits it to the gear (20) by means of the shaft (22).
  • the gears (18,20) are making contact, thus functioning as turning inverters and causing the forces of the rotation trends of the crowns (4.14) to nullify each other, being balanced. This balance allows the servomotor (23) that is assembled to the shaft (22), in that state, not to receive any force, no matter how high the torque that is transmitted between the input shaft (1) and the axis of output (16).
  • the gears (17,18,20,21) of the reversing mechanism of rotation can be the same or of different size and number of teeth. It is recommended that if the three planetary gears (24,25,26) are equal to each other, said gears (17,18,20,21) are also equal to each other.
  • the crowns (4.14) rotate in opposite directions, achieving a modification of the transmission ratio between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (16).
  • the value of the transmission ratio between the axles (1.16) can be modified continuously by rotating the crowns (4.14) at the speed and in the direction desired by varying the rotation of the servomotor. (2. 3) .
  • the direction and speed of rotation of said servomotor can be regulated manually or automatically, preferably electronically, depending on the use of the mechanism.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the assembly of the preferred mode shown in Figures 1 and 2, delineating its location within a housing (27) and showing indications for electronic control of this mode.
  • This diagram indicates the power input by means of an arrow (35) on the shaft (1), it also indicates the power output, regulated in its torque and rotation speed on the shaft (16) by means of an arrow (36 ).
  • a lubricating fluid 28
  • the servomotor (23) can be located outside the housing, although this is not essential, since if it is an electric motor, which is recommended, this motor can operate inside the lubricating fluid, as long as that fluid is insulating electric.
  • the servomotor (23) can be automatically regulated by means of an electronic control unit (29) connected to it by means of electric cables (30).
  • sensors (31) for checking the internal work of the transmission such as parts rotation sensors, lubricating fluid temperature sensors, etc.
  • the signal from said sensors can be sent by means of electrical cables (32) to the electronic control unit (29).
  • the electronic control unit can also receive additional information, by means of electrical or electronic signals (33) which may vary depending on the application.
  • the signals may be the motor rotation speed and the orders given by the operator.
  • the signals may be engine revolutions per minute, vehicle speed, acceleration signal, etc.
  • Another very important advantage of this transmission mechanism is that the input and output axes can change their function interchangeably, depending on the application that is required. Understanding that when one is input, the other will be output. For example, if the axis (16) is used as input, a multiplication of the transmission ratio in the axis (1) will be obtained, which in this case will be the output.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuously variable transmission (CVT) which sends the power of an input shaft to an output shaft, and in which the variation of the torque and the rotational speed of the output shaft can be automatically regulated, causing the ring gears of two planetary gears (24, 26), assisted by an intermediate planetary gear (25), to rotate by means of a servomotor (23) provided with an electronic control system. Said transmission can be used both in industry and for motor vehicles and provides benefits which are not provided by other similar transmissions.

Description

TRANSMISIÓN CONTINUAMENTE VARIABLE CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION
Ld presente invención se refiere a una transmisión continuamente variable (CVT, por sus siglas en. inglés) , es decir, una transmisión con una relación de torque y velocidad de giro entre un eje de entrada y un eje de salida, que puede ser variada gradualmente.The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission (CVT), that is, a transmission with a torque and speed ratio between an input shaft and an output shaft, which can be varied. gradually.
Campo de aplicación:Scope:
Esta transmisión puede ser utilizada tanto en vehículos automotrices como en maquinarias industriales (tornos, fresadoras, etc.), debido a que la transmisión de potencia la realiza mediante engranes, lo cual le permite manejar toques altos en los ejes de entrada y de salida, asi como revoluciones por minuto (RPM) altas en caso requerido.This transmission can be used in both automotive vehicles and industrial machinery (lathes, milling machines, etc.), because the transmission of power is done through gears, which allows you to handle high touches on the input and output axes, as well as high revolutions per minute (RPM) if required.
Antecedentes:Background:
Lag transmisiones continuamente variables se utilizan en automóviles, motocicletas y máquinas industriales, a los cuales se referirá la descripción que sigue, sin por ello restringir el objetivo de aplicación de la invención.Lag continuously variable transmissions are used in cars, motorcycles and industrial machines, to which the description that follows will be referred, without restricting the object of application of the invention.
En las transmisiones mecánicas conocidas, se han encontrado diferentes soluciones para lograr que tengan la característica de realizar una variación continua del torque y velocidad de giro. Entre ellas podemos mencionar las que funcionan por medio de fricción, las cuales transmiten la potencia hacia radios variables, ya sea por medio de bandas sobre conos o por contacto físico de piezas rotativas.In known mechanical transmissions, different solutions have been found to ensure that they have the characteristic of continuously varying the torque and speed of rotation. Among them we can mention those that work by means of friction, which transmit the power towards variable radii, either by means of bands on cones or by physical contact of rotating parts.
Este tipo de transmisiones son limitadas, porque no pueden transmitir torques altos cuando el mecanismo es de tamaño reducido, o en el caso contrario, ocupan un gran volumen. Otras soluciones aplicadas para lograr el efecto de variación Continua han sido las transmisiones de tipo hidráulico, que modifican la relación entre la presión y el caudal del fluido correspondientes a los ejes de entrada y de salida. Este tipo de transmisiones generalmente tienen pérdidas considerables de energía y en ciertos casos no cuentan con la capacidad de transmitir altas revoluciones.These types of transmissions are limited, because they cannot transmit high torques when the mechanism is small, or otherwise, they occupy a large volume. Other solutions applied to achieve the effect of Continuous variation have been hydraulic type transmissions, which modify the relationship between the pressure and the fluid flow corresponding to the input and output axes. These types of transmissions generally have considerable energy losses and in certain cases they do not have the capacity to transmit high revolutions.
Existen también mecanismos asistidos, en los cuales, adicionalmente al motor principal, hay otro motor de menor potencia que interviene en la transmisión, modificando el torque y la velocidad de giro del eje de salida. La presente invención se puede considerar dentro de esta última categoría, teniendo la ventaja con respecto a sus similares, de que el motor adicional (al cual denominaremos servomotor) requiere un gasto de energía considerablemente menor al que requeriría el servomotor de una transmisión similar, realizando el mismo trabajo.There are also assisted mechanisms, in which, in addition to the main engine, there is another lower power motor that intervenes in the transmission, modifying the torque and speed of the output shaft. The present invention can be considered within this last category, having the advantage with respect to its similar ones, that the additional motor (which we will call servomotor) requires a considerably lower energy expenditure than the servomotor of a similar transmission would require, performing the same job.
Divulgación de la invención:Disclosure of the invention:
El objetivo de la presente invención es proporcionar una transmisión continuamente variable, capaz de transmitir torques altos y altas revoluciones, ocupando un volumen reducido; contando con la posibilidad de poder ser regulada electrónicamente, lo cual le permite cumplir con las necesidades específicas de funcionamiento, ya sea en su aplicación industrial o automotriz.The objective of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission, capable of transmitting high torques and high revolutions, occupying a reduced volume; counting on the possibility of being able to be regulated electronically, which allows it to meet the specific needs of operation, whether in its industrial or automotive application.
Otra ventaja de la presente invención comparada con las transmisiones similares conocidas es que utiliza para su funcionamiento un servomotor de menor consumo de energía, y que requiere un menor espacio.Another advantage of the present invention compared to known similar transmissions is that it uses a servomotor for lower power consumption for its operation, and that it requires less space.
Ese objetivo y esas ventajas son logradas por la invención tal como se define en las reivindicaciones anexas. Otras características y ventajas de la presente invención, apátC©Cθn en la descripción detallada que sigue, la cual se hace con referencia a los dibujos anexos, que ilustran esquemáticamente una modalidad preferida.That objective and those advantages are achieved by the invention as defined in the appended claims. Other features and advantages of the present invention, aptaC © Cθn in the detailed description that follows, which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings, which schematically illustrate a preferred embodiment.
Breve descripción de loe dibujos:Brief description of the drawings:
La Figura 1 : Es una vista en perspectiva del ensamble de una modalidad preferida del mecanismo de transmisión de fuerza y velocidad de giro continuamente variable de acuerdo con la presente invención.Figure 1: It is a perspective view of the assembly of a preferred embodiment of the continuously variable force and speed transmission mechanism according to the present invention.
La Figura 2: Es una vista en perspectiva de las partes separadas de la modalidad preferida mostrada en la Figura 1.Figure 2: It is a perspective view of the separate parts of the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1.
La Figura 3: Es un esquema del ensamble de la modalidad pr#ferida mostrada en las Figuras 1 y 2, delineando su ubicación dentro de una carcasa y mostrando indicaciones para el control electrónico de dicha modalidad.Figure 3: It is a diagram of the assembly of the preferred mode shown in Figures 1 and 2, delineating its location within a housing and showing indications for the electronic control of said modality.
Descripción detallada de las modalidades preferidas:Detailed description of the preferred modalities:
Ba la Figura 1 se muestra una vista en perspectiva del ensamble de una modalidad preferida del mecanismo de transmisión de fuerza y velocidad de giro continuamente variable, en la cual se aprecia la disposición general del mecanismo. Dicho mecanismo está caracterizado por dos engranajes planetarios (24,26) que cuentan con dentado en su superficie perimetral, un engranaje planetario intermedio (25), dos engranes (17,21) que están engranados a la superficie perimetral de los engranajes planetarios (24,26), dos engranes inversores de giro (18,20), un servomotor (23), y una pluralidad de ejes, entre los cuales se identifican el eje de entrada (1) y el eje de salida (16) .Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the assembly of a preferred mode of the continuously variable force and speed transmission mechanism, in which the general arrangement of the mechanism is appreciated. Said mechanism is characterized by two planetary gears (24,26) which have toothed on their perimeter surface, an intermediate planetary gear (25), two gears (17.21) that are geared to the perimeter surface of the planetary gears (24 , 26), two reversing gears (18,20), a servomotor (23), and a plurality of axes, among which the axis is identified input (1) and output shaft (16).
£& la Figura 2 se muestra una vista en perspectiva de las partes separadas de la modalidad preferida mostrada en la£ & Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the separate parts of the preferred embodiment shown in the
Figura 1. En esta vista de la Figura 2, se observa la posición de los tres engranajes planetarios (24,25,26) colocados linealmente, y en los cuales, las placas portaplanetariosFigure 1. In this view of Figure 2, we observe the position of the three planetary gears (24,25,26) placed linearly, and in which, the planetary carrier plates
(5,15) de los engranajes planetarios (24,26) respectivamente, están orientadas hacia el eje de salida (16) ; no siendo asi con la placa portaplanetarios (7) del engranaje planetario (25) , la cual está orientada hacia al eje de entrada (1) .(5.15) of the planetary gears (24.26) respectively, are oriented towards the output shaft (16); not being so with the planetary carrier plate (7) of the planetary gear (25), which is oriented towards the input shaft (1).
El funcionamiento del mecanismo es el siguiente:The operation of the mechanism is as follows:
La fuerza y velocidad de giro que se desea transformar de manera continuamente variable es recibida por el eje (1) , que está unido o forma una misma pieza con el engrane solar (2) del engranaje planetario (24) .The force and speed of rotation that it is desired to transform in a continuously variable manner is received by the shaft (1), which is joined or forms the same part with the solar gear (2) of the planetary gear (24).
El giro del engrane solar (2) es transmitido a los engranes planetarios (3) que se encuentran en su periferia. El número de dichos engranes planetarios es indistinto, pueden ser uno o varios, aunque se recomienda que sean tres o cuatro para lograr una repartición adecuada del esfuerzo que realizan. Los engranes planetarios (3) , a su vez se encuentran engranados con los dientes interiores de la corona (4) , la cual tiende a girar a favor de la fuerza tangencial que le imprimen dichos engranes planetarios. Tal tendencia del giro de la corona (4) se encuentra en oposición a la fuerza de la tendencia de giro de la corona (14) , lo cual le impide girar libremente. La causa de esta oposición se verá más adelante.The rotation of the solar gear (2) is transmitted to the planetary gears (3) that are in its periphery. The number of such planetary gears is indistinct, they can be one or several, although it is recommended that they be three or four to achieve an adequate distribution of the effort they make. The planetary gears (3), in turn are engaged with the inner teeth of the crown (4), which tends to rotate in favor of the tangential force that these planetary gears print. Such a tendency of rotation of the crown (4) is in opposition to the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (14), which prevents it from rotating freely. The cause of this opposition will be seen later.
Al encontrar los planetarios (3) un apoyo en los dientes interiores de la corona (4), hacen girar a la placa portaplanetarios (5), al eje (6) y a la placa portaplanetariosWhen the planetariums (3) find a support in the inner teeth of the crown (4), they turn the planetary plate (5), the axis (6) and the planetary plate
(7) que están unidos entre si o se consideran una misma pieza.(7) that are linked together or considered the same piece.
La placa portaplanetarios (7) forma parte del engranaje planetario (25) y transmite la fuerza de giro a los engranes planetarios (8)\ los cuales a su vez se encuentran engranados con los dientes' interiores de la corona (9) , la cual se encuentra fija a la carcasa (27); esta sujeción se encuentra representada en las Figuras (2,3) por el símbolo (31). Al encontrar los planetarios (8) un apoyo en los dientes interiores de la corona (9) , hacen girar al engrane solar (10) , que está unido o forma una misma pieza con el eje (11) , ensamblándose en uno de sus extremos. En el otro extremo del eje (11) se encuentra ensamblado el engrane solar (12) , al cual le transmite la fuerza de giro. Se recomienda que la unión entre el eje (11) y el engrane solar (12) sea por medio de estrias, para facilitar el armado y desarmado del mecanismo.The planetary plate (7) is part of the planetary gear (25) and transmits the turning force to the gears planetariums (8) \ which in turn are engaged with the inner teeth of the crown (9), which is fixed to the housing (27); This fastener is represented in Figures (2,3) by the symbol (31). When the planetariums (8) find a support in the inner teeth of the crown (9), they rotate the solar gear (10), which is attached or forms the same piece with the shaft (11), assembling at one of its ends . The solar gear (12) is assembled at the other end of the shaft (11), to which the turning force is transmitted. It is recommended that the joint between the shaft (11) and the solar gear (12) be by means of grooves, to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the mechanism.
La función del engranaje planetario (25) es realizar una multiplicación en el eje (11) contraria a la reducción que realiza en el eje (6) el engranaje planetario (24) ; de tal forma que si ambos engranajes planetarios (24,25) son iguales, cuando la corona (4) no está girando, la velocidad y fuerza de giro del engrane solar (12) serán las mismas que las del engrane solar (2) . Asi mismo, el sentido de giro del engrane solar (12) , será el mismo que el del eje de entrada (1) .The function of the planetary gear (25) is to perform a multiplication on the shaft (11) contrary to the reduction made on the shaft (6) by the planetary gear (24); so that if both planetary gears (24,25) are equal, when the crown (4) is not rotating, the speed and rotational force of the solar gear (12) will be the same as those of the solar gear (2). Likewise, the direction of rotation of the solar gear (12) will be the same as that of the input shaft (1).
El engrane solar (12) forma parte del engranaje planetario (26) y transmite su giro a los engranes planetariosThe solar gear (12) is part of the planetary gear (26) and transmits its rotation to the planetary gears
(13) que a su vez se encuentran engranados con los dientes interiores de la corona (14) , la cual tiende a girar a favor de la fuerza tangencial que le imprimen los engranes planetarios (13) . Tal tendencia de giro de la corona (14) se encuentra en oposición a la fuerza de la tendencia de giro de la corona (4), debido a un mecanismo de inversión de giro conformado por los engranes (17,18,20,21) y los ejes (19,22), cuya disposición se detallará más adelante.(13) which in turn are engaged with the inner teeth of the crown (14), which tends to turn in favor of the tangential force that the planetary gears (13) print on it. Such a tendency of rotation of the crown (14) is in opposition to the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (4), due to a reversal mechanism of rotation formed by the gears (17,18,20,21) and the axes (19,22), whose arrangement will be detailed below.
Al encontrar los planetarios (13) un apoyo en los dientes interiores de la corona (14) , hacen girar a la placa portaplanetarios (15) , que está unida o se considera una misma piβaa con el eje de salida (16) .When the planetariums (13) find a support in the inner teeth of the crown (14), they turn the plate planetary carrier (15), which is attached or is considered the same piβaa with the output shaft (16).
Los engranajes planetarios (24,25,26) pueden ser iguales entre si o de diferente tamaño pero para efectos de explicación, pondremos como ejemplo que los tres son del mismo tamaño. Y si el primer engranaje planetario (24) realiza una reducción, por ejemplo, de 3:1, el segundo engranaje planetario (25) realizaria una multiplicación de 1:3 y el tercer engranaje planetario (26) realizaria nuevamente una reducción de 3:1, por lo que la relación de engranaje final entre el eje de entrada (1) y el eje de salida (16) seria de 3:1, esto, considerando que la corona (9) está fija a la carcasa (27) y que las coronas (4,14) no giran, debido al mencionado mecanismo inversor de giro que funciona de la siguiente manera:The planetary gears (24,25,26) can be equal to each other or of different sizes but for explanation purposes, we will give as an example that all three are the same size. And if the first planetary gear (24) makes a reduction, for example, of 3: 1, the second planetary gear (25) would perform a multiplication of 1: 3 and the third planetary gear (26) would again make a reduction of 3: 1, so that the final gear ratio between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (16) would be 3: 1, considering that the crown (9) is fixed to the housing (27) and that the crowns (4.14) do not rotate, due to the aforementioned turning reversing mechanism that works as follows:
El engrane (17) recibe la fuerza de la tendencia de giro de la corona (4) y la transmite al engrane (18) por medio del eje (19) . El engrane (21) recibe la fuerza de la tendencia de giro de la corona (14) y la transmite al engrane (20) por medio del eje (22). Los engranes (18,20) se encuentran haciendo contacto, funcionando por lo tanto como inversores de giro y haciendo que las fuerzas de las tendencias de giro de las coronas (4,14) se nulifiquen entre si, quedando equilibradas. Este equilibrio permite que el servomotor (23) que se encuentra ensamblado al eje (22) , en ese estado, no reciba fuerza alguna, por más alto que sea el torque que se transmita entre el eje de entrada (1) y el eje de salida (16) .The gear (17) receives the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (4) and transmits it to the gear (18) by means of the shaft (19). The gear (21) receives the force of the tendency of rotation of the crown (14) and transmits it to the gear (20) by means of the shaft (22). The gears (18,20) are making contact, thus functioning as turning inverters and causing the forces of the rotation trends of the crowns (4.14) to nullify each other, being balanced. This balance allows the servomotor (23) that is assembled to the shaft (22), in that state, not to receive any force, no matter how high the torque that is transmitted between the input shaft (1) and the axis of output (16).
Los engranes (17,18,20,21) del mecanismo inversor de giro pueden ser iguales o de diferente tamaño y número de dientes. Se recomienda que si los tres engranajes planetarios (24,25,26) son iguales entre si, dichos engranes (17,18,20,21) también sean iguales entre si.The gears (17,18,20,21) of the reversing mechanism of rotation can be the same or of different size and number of teeth. It is recommended that if the three planetary gears (24,25,26) are equal to each other, said gears (17,18,20,21) are also equal to each other.
Al hacer girar el eje (22) por medio del servomotor (23) , debido al mencionado mecanismo inversor de giro, las coronas (4,14) giran en sentidos opuestos, logrando una modificación de la relación de transmisión entre el eje de entrada (1) y el eje de salida (16) . Ahora bien, el valor de la relación de transmisión entre los ejes (1,16) puede ser modificado de manera continuamente variable haciendo girar las coronas (4,14) a la velocidad y con la dirección que se desee al variar el giro del servomotor (23) .By rotating the shaft (22) by means of the servomotor (23), due to the aforementioned rotation reversing mechanism, the crowns (4.14) rotate in opposite directions, achieving a modification of the transmission ratio between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (16). However, the value of the transmission ratio between the axles (1.16) can be modified continuously by rotating the crowns (4.14) at the speed and in the direction desired by varying the rotation of the servomotor. (2. 3) .
El sentido y velocidad de giro de dicho servomotor pueden ser regulados en forma manual o automática, preferentemente electrónica, dependiendo del uso que se le dé al mecanismo.The direction and speed of rotation of said servomotor can be regulated manually or automatically, preferably electronically, depending on the use of the mechanism.
La Figura 3 es un diagrama del ensamble de la modalidad preferida mostrada en las Figuras 1 y 2, delineando su ubicación dentro de una carcasa (27) y mostrando indicaciones para el control electrónico de esta modalidad.Figure 3 is a diagram of the assembly of the preferred mode shown in Figures 1 and 2, delineating its location within a housing (27) and showing indications for electronic control of this mode.
Ese diagrama indica la entrada de potencia por medio de una flecha (35) en el eje (1) , también indica la salida de potencia, regulada en su torque y velocidad de rotación en el eje (16) por medio de una flecha (36) . Dentro de la carcasa (27) es recomendable la existencia de un fluido lubricante (28) , con el objeto de reducir el desgaste y sobrecalentamiento del mecanismo. También se recomienda colocar rodamientos en todas las partes que lo requieran y retenes en los ejes que atraviesan la carcasa (27). El servomotor (23) puede estar localizado afuera de la carcasa, aunque esto no es indispensable, ya que si se trata de un motor eléctrico, lo cual es recomendable, este motor puede funcionar dentro del fluido lubricante, siempre y cuando ese fluido sea aislante eléctrico. El servomotor (23) puede ser regulado automáticamente por medio de una unidad de control electrónico (29) conectada a él por medio de cables eléctricos (30) . Con el fin de obtener una mayor eficiencia de la transmisión y poder aumentar sus aplicaciones, es recomendable instalar sensores (31) para la comprobación del trabajo interno de la transmisión, tales como sensores de rotación de las piezas, sensores de temperatura del fluido lubricante, etc. La señal de dichos sensores puede ser enviada por medio de cables eléctricos (32) a la unidad de control electrónico (29) .This diagram indicates the power input by means of an arrow (35) on the shaft (1), it also indicates the power output, regulated in its torque and rotation speed on the shaft (16) by means of an arrow (36 ). Inside the housing (27) it is recommended the existence of a lubricating fluid (28), in order to reduce the wear and overheating of the mechanism. It is also recommended to place bearings on all parts that require it and retainers on the shafts that cross the housing (27). The servomotor (23) can be located outside the housing, although this is not essential, since if it is an electric motor, which is recommended, this motor can operate inside the lubricating fluid, as long as that fluid is insulating electric. The servomotor (23) can be automatically regulated by means of an electronic control unit (29) connected to it by means of electric cables (30). In order to obtain greater transmission efficiency and In order to increase its applications, it is advisable to install sensors (31) for checking the internal work of the transmission, such as parts rotation sensors, lubricating fluid temperature sensors, etc. The signal from said sensors can be sent by means of electrical cables (32) to the electronic control unit (29).
La unidad de control electrónico también puede recibir informaciones adicionales, por medio de señales eléctricas o electrónicas (33) que pueden variar dependiendo de la aplicación. Por ejemplo, para uso industrial, las señales pueden ser la velocidad de rotación del motor y las órdenes dadas por el operador. Para un uso automotriz, las señales pueden ser las revoluciones por minuto del motor, la velocidad del vehículo, la señal de aceleración, etc. Otra ventaja muy importante de este mecanismo de transmisión es que los ejes de entrada y de salida pueden cambiar su función indistintamente, según la aplicación que se requiera. Entendiéndose que cuando uno es de entrada , el otro será de salida. Por ejemplo, si se utiliza el eje (16) como entrada, se obtendrá una multiplicación de la relación de transmisión en el eje (1), que en este caso será la salida.The electronic control unit can also receive additional information, by means of electrical or electronic signals (33) which may vary depending on the application. For example, for industrial use, the signals may be the motor rotation speed and the orders given by the operator. For automotive use, the signals may be engine revolutions per minute, vehicle speed, acceleration signal, etc. Another very important advantage of this transmission mechanism is that the input and output axes can change their function interchangeably, depending on the application that is required. Understanding that when one is input, the other will be output. For example, if the axis (16) is used as input, a multiplication of the transmission ratio in the axis (1) will be obtained, which in this case will be the output.
En la explicación anterior se ha mostrado que las principales ventajas de esta transmisión son:In the previous explanation it has been shown that the main advantages of this transmission are:
La posibilidad de transmitir torques altos y revoluciones altas, la posibilidad de cumplir con los requerimientos de funcionamiento o con las ordenes del operador y la diversidad de posibles aplicaciones . The possibility of transmitting high torques and high revolutions, the possibility of complying with the operating requirements or with the operator's orders and the diversity of possible applications.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES: CLAIMS:
1. Un mecanismo que transmite torque y velocidad de giro de un eje de entrada a un eje de salida de forma continuamente variable, caracterizado por el hecho de contar con tres engranajes planetarios (24,25,26) dispuestos axialmente; de los cuales, el engranaje planetario central (25) se encuentra en posición invertida respecto a los otros dos engranajes planetarios (24,26), y su corona (9) se encuentra fija a la carcasa (27) del mecanismo. Las coronas (4,14) de los otros dos engranajes planetarios (24,26) cuentan con dientes de engrane en su superficie perimetral, permitiendo que se engrane a ellas un mecanismo que controle su rotación, afectando la rotación de las piezas que componen cada uno de los engranajes planetarios (24,25,26), las cuales pueden ser iguales entre si o de diferente tamaño y forma. Dichas piezas incluyen para cada engranaje planetario, un engrane solar (2,10,12), engranes planetarios (3,8,13), una placa portaplanetarios (5,7,15) y una corona (4,9,14), realizando de esta forma una variación continua de la relación de transmisión entre los ejes de entrada y de salida del mecanismo. Dichos ejes (1,16) pueden funcionar indistintamente como entrada o salida de potencia, debido al uso que se le quiera dar al mecanismo, entendiéndose que cuando uno de ellos es entrada, el otro es de salida.1. A mechanism that transmits torque and speed of rotation from an input shaft to an output shaft in a continuously variable manner, characterized by having three planetary gears (24,25,26) arranged axially; of which, the central planetary gear (25) is in an inverted position with respect to the other two planetary gears (24,26), and its crown (9) is fixed to the casing (27) of the mechanism. The crowns (4.14) of the other two planetary gears (24.26) have gear teeth on their perimeter surface, allowing them to engage a mechanism that controls their rotation, affecting the rotation of the pieces that make up each one of the planetary gears (24,25,26), which can be equal to each other or of different size and shape. These parts include for each planetary gear, a solar gear (2,10,12), planetary gears (3,8,13), a planetary carrier plate (5,7,15) and a crown (4,9,14), thus carrying out a continuous variation of the transmission ratio between the input and output axes of the mechanism. Said axes (1.16) can function interchangeably as an input or output of power, due to the use that is wanted to be given to the mechanism, it being understood that when one of them is input, the other is output.
2. Un mecanismo de acuerdo con la Reivindicación 1, caracterizado por el hecho de contar con un mecanismo inversor de giro engranado a las coronas (4,14) el cual tiene por objetivo contrarrestar la tendencia de giro de dichas coronas (4,14) y poderlas hacer girar en sentido opuesto y en forma simultanea, para modificar la relación de transmisión entre un eje de entrada y uno de salida del mecanismo.2. A mechanism according to Claim 1, characterized in that it has a reversing mechanism geared to the crowns (4.14) which aims to counteract the tendency of rotation of said crowns (4.14) and be able to rotate them in the opposite direction and simultaneously, to modify the transmission ratio between a input shaft and one output mechanism.
3. Un mecanismo de acuerdo con las Reivindicaciones 1 ó 2, caracterizado por el hecho de que adicionalmente cuenta con uno o varios servomotores (23) que controlan el giro de las coronas (4,14) de los engranajes planetarios (24,26) de dicho mecanismo.3. A mechanism according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it additionally has one or more servomotors (23) that control the rotation of the crowns (4.14) of the planetary gears (24,26) of said mechanism.
4. Un mecanismo de acuerdo con la Reivindicación 3, caracterizado por el hecho de contar, adicionalmente, con una unidad automática de control (29) que controla el torque, sentido de giro y velocidad de rotación del servomotor (23) o servomotores del mecanismo. 4. A mechanism according to Claim 3, characterized in that it additionally has an automatic control unit (29) that controls the torque, direction of rotation and rotation speed of the servomotor (23) or servomotors of the mechanism .
PCT/MX2007/000059 2007-05-15 2007-05-15 Continuously variable transmission WO2008140285A1 (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3402622A (en) * 1966-01-28 1968-09-24 Archanco Jose Luis Matut Automatic and controllable mechanical continuous transmission system
FR2404775A1 (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-04-27 Combastet Michel Retroactive differential torque converter - has epicycloidal planetary gear trains with planetary gears coupled in pairs
US4327604A (en) * 1979-09-27 1982-05-04 Evans Rix E Continuously variable transmission
DE4205260C1 (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-04-08 Ulrich Von 4224 Huenxe De Mallinckrodt Continuously variable transmission drive - has input torque branched under set ratio and again brought together, one branch producing additional torque
US5800302A (en) * 1996-11-01 1998-09-01 Werre; Roger L. Planetary gear drive assembly
US6033332A (en) * 1998-04-09 2000-03-07 Evans; Shelby A. Continuously variable transmission
WO2005050041A2 (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Giora Ledereich Continuously variable transmission
WO2006064308A1 (en) * 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Carlos Alberto Brena Pinero Continuously variable transmission

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3402622A (en) * 1966-01-28 1968-09-24 Archanco Jose Luis Matut Automatic and controllable mechanical continuous transmission system
FR2404775A1 (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-04-27 Combastet Michel Retroactive differential torque converter - has epicycloidal planetary gear trains with planetary gears coupled in pairs
US4327604A (en) * 1979-09-27 1982-05-04 Evans Rix E Continuously variable transmission
DE4205260C1 (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-04-08 Ulrich Von 4224 Huenxe De Mallinckrodt Continuously variable transmission drive - has input torque branched under set ratio and again brought together, one branch producing additional torque
US5800302A (en) * 1996-11-01 1998-09-01 Werre; Roger L. Planetary gear drive assembly
US6033332A (en) * 1998-04-09 2000-03-07 Evans; Shelby A. Continuously variable transmission
WO2005050041A2 (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Giora Ledereich Continuously variable transmission
WO2006064308A1 (en) * 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Carlos Alberto Brena Pinero Continuously variable transmission

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