WO2008135043A2

WO2008135043A2 - Method and devices for using energy stored in mechanical-electrical systems and other electrical systems as a regulating reserve in electrical supply networks

Info

Publication number: WO2008135043A2
Application number: PCT/DE2008/075001
Authority: WO
Inventors: Karl-Ludwig Blocher
Original assignee: Karl-Ludwig Blocher
Priority date: 2007-05-08
Filing date: 2008-05-08
Publication date: 2008-11-13
Also published as: WO2008135043A3

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to enable a current regeneration of energy consumers containing potential energy, such as lift systems or charging stations for electric vehicles having replaceable energy accumulators, in an autonomously or centrally controlled manner, or an additional energy extraction from electrical supply networks, in order to thereby temporarily provide regulating energy in the even of disturbances or peak loads in electrical supply networks, until other measures have an effect on the energy supplier or enable an additional charging of the supply network. To this end, corresponding devices are used. The invention also relates to a method for using the energy stored in mechanical-electrical systems (4) and other electrical systems (4) as a regulating reserve in electrical supply networks (2), especially for the related use of lift systems (4) or decentralised or centralised charging stations (4) for electric vehicles comprising replaceable energy accumulators, with a possibility of feeding excess energy or electrical energy as a consumer, according to the operating state, into the electrical supply network (2), said method using the lift systems (4) or the charging stations of an entire region. To this end, the lifts (4) are preferably maintained on the lowest level when not being used, and when a load peak occurs in the electrical supply network (2), that is a required regulating reserve/regulating energy, they are remote-controlled from a central control station (1), e.g. energy producers, via Internet, GSM mobile radio, or a control and announcement network (5) or are also autonomously guided upwards in situ by means of a corresponding control system, and energy is thereby fed into the electrical supply network (2). The invention can be applied to electrical supply networks and lift systems and other electrical accumulator systems such as charging stations.

Description

Method and devices for using energy stored in mechanical-electrical systems and other electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks

Method and devices for using stored in mechanical electrical systems and other electrical systems energy as a control reserve in electrical supply networks, in particular related use of elevator systems or decentralized or central

Charging stations for electric vehicles with exchangeable energy storage devices with the possibility of feeding surplus energy into the electrical supply network depending on the operating status.

In elevators today it is state of the art that, depending on the operating state, the excess energy is fed back into the electrical supply network or corresponding electrical storage units are charged. This regenerative energy can be fed in whenever an empty or almost empty elevator goes up and the potential energy of the counterweight is converted, this potential energy being approximately the difference between the mass of the counterweight and the mass of the car multiplied by the height of the counterweight possible driveway of the cabin results.

So z. B. in DE 694 21 242 T2 describes a method for operating a lift and an elevator machinery by means of a hydraulic pressure accumulator. In this solution, the pressure accumulator can be additionally charged by means of an auxiliary drive.

In DE 695 20 533 T2, the braking energy of a lift supplied to a battery of the elevator system. The battery is used in this case to supply the elevator equipment, but excluding the drive motor.

In DE 197 28 674 Al is a hydraulic elevator with a cabin, a counterweight and a

Differential cylinder whose piston is hydraulically clamped, the piston-side cylinder space of the differential cylinder is connected via a first adjustable hydraulic machine with the tank and a second adjustable hydraulic machine with the piston chamber of the differential cylinder and both hydraulic motors are coupled to an electric motor described. During deceleration, the electric motor is driven over-synchronously and thereby energy can be fed back into an energy source.

However, all these solutions do not offer the possibility of a quick and short-term provision of Regelenexgie from elevator systems to electrical supply networks.

DE 10 2005 056 084 A1 discloses a method for controlling and controlling electrical energy to be provided and for harmonizing the load structure of a supply network by communication between energy supplier and energy consumer, each of these having a local energy management system with power detection, load peak limitation and / or priority or on-demand load shedding described. Each connected local energy management system continuously performs projections on an expected

Energy consumption in a given time unit through and determines from this a load and energy reduction or Zuschaltpotential. The determined load and energy reduction or connection potentials are transferred to a central computer via a web-based connection via a star-shaped connection by means of a standard data transfer procedure after automatic initial log-on, the central computer routinely polls the registered local energy management systems and this query is monitored by the respective local energy management systems in order to initiate a new application in the absence of a query. The central computer executes a load requirement forecast from the sum of all decentrally available control energies and, on the one hand, creates load rejection requests via an access to selected local energy management systems or, on the other hand, initiates interconnections of energy producers.

The object of the invention is, either autonomously or centrally controlled, to regenerate the network of energy consumers having potential energy, e.g. Elevator systems or charging stations for electric vehicles with interchangeable

Energy storage, or to allow additional energy extraction from electrical supply networks, so as to have short term control energy in case of disturbances or peak loads in electrical supply networks, to other measures the

Energy suppliers act or to allow an additional load on the supply network. Furthermore, appropriate facilities for carrying out the method are provided.

For the regulation of the electrical energy supply, the provision of short-term available control power or regular consumers is crucial. The requirement for the provision of short-term control energy leads to a reduction in the efficiency of energy production. The lack of access to rule consumers can lead to a whip effect and large-scale power outage (black out) in the case of short-term disruptions in the networks. The invention contributes to the simplification of the control task and to the stabilization of the mains supply. At the same time, this results in possible new business models in the form of service companies, which provide the electrical energy for the elevator operators and for this purpose may influence the regulation of the elevator systems or the creation of a standard for communication between the elevator systems and the energy producers.

Advantageous embodiments of the method and the device will become apparent from the dependent claims. In the development according to claim 2, the maximum speed of moving lifts is additionally reduced and required or the starting time of individual lifts delayed at required control energy in the electrical supply network. Thus, the emitting energy can be increased to the electrical supply network. According to claim 3, the elevator control with the other building services such as air conditioning, escalators, pumps, etc. coupled and it can be appropriate additions or shutdowns to smooth the energy consumption made or other building services can be used as additional control reserve with appropriate technical equipment. In the development according to claim 4 as a secondary claim network parameters, such as frequency change or voltage drop autonomously on the elevator system or charging stations for electric vehicles with replaceable energy storage used to trigger appropriate activities, depending on the situation, whether a control reserve is required or an additional load from the electrical supply network can be seen. In the development according to claim 5, a control signal is also sent via a control and monitoring network from a control center to the control of the elevator system or the charging station. At the same time or only alone, information exchange between the elevator systems or charging stations of necessary activities for stabilizing the electrical supply network via communication lines can take place. Charging stations interesting. According to claim 6 integrated capacitors or other electrical energy storage are used as a control reserve in electrical supply networks to stabilize the electrical supply network in the control of the elevator system. In the development according to claim 7 when signaling a danger to the electrical supply network in terms of overload located in running elevators are stopped at the next possible station and / or the electrical energy storage are discharged.

In the development of the device according to claim 9, the network parameter monitoring and feedback is electrically connected to a capacitor and an inverter of the elevator system. In particular, the additional capacitors or other energy storage can represent significant energy reserves.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of several elevator systems coupled with a control center via a control and

Report network and each other by one

Communication line and Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an electrical

Supply network with connected

Elevator systems / charging stations and a control and

Reporting network and communication lines.

The elevator systems consist of an elevator car A, an elevator drive B, the counterweight C and the autonomous

Elevator control 12. The elevator control 12 is provided with a

Interface equipped. The interface allows external control of a central or decentralized

Control 6, which can also represent the network parameter monitoring and feedback. This controller 6 forms the

Interface between the power supplier / electric "

Supply network 2 and the elevator controls 12. If the elevator controls 12 are equipped with a power feedback, the energy in the elevator system 4 can be actively used. Otherwise, only a reduction of the network load by a targeted throttling or delay or temporal shifting of lessons is possible.

The controller 6 may, for. B. control or process the following functions and information: - detect the condition of all elevators 4, energy requirements and available energy reserves,

- exchange information about available energy with the network operator,

- control of the lifts 4 for the targeted storage of energy and retrieval of this energy,

- throttling the traveling speed of the lifts 4,

- Determine the best time for empty runs and

- delaying the start-up of the lifts 4.

The information for driving the elevators 4 and the

Behavior of the elevators 4 can also be partially autonomously evaluated by the individual elevator controls 12. Here, for example, a price model is possible, which takes into account the short-term electricity costs and thus enables a partially autonomous control of the elevators.

For the approach to the targeted optimization of the entire network, it is necessary to develop models that reduce control complexity and classify each elevator, for example, in terms of the following degrees of freedom:

- short-term availability,

- Influencing the rest position of the elevator and

- influence on the driving speed etc.

Thus, an optimum between energy costs and service and lift performance for each elevator 4 can be arranged separately. It is also possible, this controller 6 with others "

Energy consumers such as air conditioners, escalators, etc., or energy reserves, such as capacitors 8, to network and thus allow further optimization.

The device for using energy stored in mechanical-electrical systems 4 as a control reserve in electrical supply networks 2 preferably has a network parameter monitoring 6 and feedback 6 and a control 7 of the mechanical electrical system 4. In addition or only alone, a control center 1 of the electrical supply network 2, which is connected via house connections 3 with the mechanical electrical systems 4, have a control and monitoring network 5 to the mechanical electrical systems 4. The network parameter monitoring 6 and feedback 6 can be electrically connected to a capacitor 8 as energy storage and a converter 9 of the mechanical-electrical system 4. Between the individual mechanical-electrical systems 4 optimally a communication line 10 is provided.

Regenerative 6 and network parameter monitoring 6 monitor the network parameters, such. B. the frequency according to predetermined specifications that are either fixed or specified by the control center 1. The setting of the parameters takes place z. B. so that falls below the mains frequency by more than 2% (-1 Hz), the energy from the capacitor 8 and / or the potential energy from the mechanical-electrical system 4 is fed back into the electrical supply network 2. The feedback of the

Position energy z. B. by a Leerfahrt the elevator 4 upwards. The electrical energy from the intermediate circuit (capacitor) 8 can be fed back directly. The prerequisite for this is a suitable choice of the DC link voltage. _D

For example, falls below the mains frequency, the elevator controller 12 is controlled so that the elevator drive B feeds energy via the return feed 6 in the supply network 2.

The network parameter monitoring 6 and feedback 6 can report the information about the control intervention and possibly the network status via the control and monitoring network 5 to the control center 1. Likewise, when the mains frequency is exceeded, the intermediate circuit 8 and possibly the load are controlled so that the intermediate circuit 8 and the elevator 4 receives energy from the supply network 2.

A possible selection of messages between control center 1 and network parameter monitoring 6 transmits the control and reporting network 5, z. Eg parameters of the control center 1 and network parameter monitoring 6 optional, such as intervention limits (minimum and maximum frequency), target availability of the control reserve in% of time, reserve quadrant (feed and / or consumer) and percentage or price for control reserve (fixed and variable ).

A selection of the news between

Network parameter monitoring 6 and control center 1 are the control intervention with control reason, network parameters and parameters of the infeed (time and energy quantity), the acceptance of the control agreement, the available control reserve - consumer / feed-in power, the time in the energy available, reaction time, availability ( % of the time in which the control reserve is not available, time for how long the control reserve is not available, time between two periods in which the control reserve is not available), ID of the control and regular transmission of the available control reserve. Analogous to the method for using energy stored in mechanical systems 4 as a control reserve in electrical supply networks 2, it is also possible to use centralized or decentralized charging stations 4 for electric vehicles with exchangeable energy stores. When required control energy either a reduction of the charging power of the charging station 4 can be made or it is fed energy from the batteries of the charging station 4 in the supply network 2. Compared to the use of energy from elevator systems 4 can be fed over a longer period in the supply network 2 here. The control of the method is also advantageous here autonomously. By predetermined parameters, such as. As a fixed frequency, the individual decentralized charging stations 4 start to work if necessary. The parameters for the control interventions can either be fixed in the decentralized charging station 4 or set via a control and monitoring network 5. The control interventions can be reported on to decentralized or central control units if required. This allows the higher-level control loops to react.

The principle of centralized or decentralized load influencing as a control reserve in electrical supply networks 2 can also be extended to non-electric energy storage systems, such as compressed air storage or storage systems

Pumped storage hydropower plants. Energy converters between electrical, mechanical and thermal energy are controlled so that on the one hand the network is stabilized locally and on the other hand the supraregional optimization over the

Presetting of the rules and parameters for the local control takes place. The control loop is closed by the communication of the control interventions between the individual units and the central control stations. _{J ()}

Compilation of the reference numerals

1 - Control center

2 - electrical supply network, energy supplier 3 - house connection

4 - mechanical-electrical system, elevator systems, elevator,

Charging station, electrical systems

5 - Control and reporting network

6 - Mains parameter monitoring, regenerative feedback, control 7 - Control of the mechanical-electrical system

8 - Capacitor, capacitor bank, other electrical

Energy storage, DC link

9 - Inverter of the mechanical-electrical system

10 - Communication line between the mechanical-electrical systems

11 - other building services, air conditioning, pump

12 - autonomous elevator control on the elevator A - cabin

B - Elevator drive C - Counterweight

Claims

Claims:

1. A method for using energy stored in mechanical electrical and other electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks, in particular related use of elevator systems or central charging stations for electric vehicles with exchangeable energy storage with a feed-in excess energy or as a consumer of electrical energy depending on the operating state in the electrical supply network characterized in that the elevator systems (4) of a whole region are preferably kept in the lowest level when not in use and remotely controlled by a control center (1) when a load peak occurs in the electrical supply network (2), ie a required control reserve / control energy z. B. by the energy producer, via Internet, GSM mobile or other control and reporting network (5) are driven upwards and thus energy in the electrical supply network (2) is fed or the central charging stations (4) controlled by the control center (1) the charging power is reduced or energy of the charging station (4) in the electrical supply network (2) is fed.

2. Method for using energy stored in mechanical-electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical power supply networks according to claim 1, characterized in that when the required control energy in the electric

Supply network (2) reduces the maximum speed of moving lifts (4) and / or the start time of individual lifts (4) is delayed.

3. A method for using energy stored in mechanical electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the elevator control (6, 7) with the other building services (11), such as air conditioning systems (11) and pumps ( 11), is coupled and appropriate additions or shutdowns are made to smooth the energy consumption or the other building services is used as an additional control reserve,

4. A method for using energy stored in mechanical electrical systems and other electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks, in particular related use of elevator systems or charging stations for electric vehicles with exchangeable energy storage with a feed-in possibility of excess energy or as a consumer of electrical energy depending on the operating state in the electrical supply network, characterized in that by means of known measuring and control devices constantly the state of the electrical supply network (2) of the elevator systems (4) or a central or decentralized charging station (4) for electric vehicles in terms of frequency and / or other network parameters autonomously on the elevator system (4 ) or charging station (4) is controlled and when exceeding specified deviations from the default values corresponding controls are activated to current elevator systems (4) with a maximum Geschwi to reduce or stop at the next station or to maximize the speed, to move stationary elevator systems (4) to the lowest level and / or to start lower level elevator systems (4), depending on the situation, if a reσfil refiRrvs hpnήH π-t- mirH r ^ A ^ -r ■ = .- ^! ~~ additional load from the electrical supply network (2) can be seen or when required control energy, the charging power of the charging station (4) is reduced or energy from the charging station (4) in the supply network (2) is fed, that is, the controller operates autonomously or teilautautonom by corresponding parameters are given and the control intervention is autonomous in the context of these parameters.

5. Method for using stored in mechanical electrical systems and other electrical systems

Energy as Regelresexve in electrical supply networks according to claim 4, characterized in that in addition a control signal via a control and reporting network (5) from a control center (1) of the electrical supply network (2) to the control of the elevator system (4) or the elevator systems ( 4) or the charging station (4) or charging stations (4) is sent and / or between the elevator systems (4) and charging stations (4) an exchange of information necessary activities

Stabilization of the electrical supply network (2) via communication lines (10) takes place or the control interventions are reported to decentralized or central control centers (1) on.

6. A method for using energy stored in mechanical electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that integrated capacitors (8) or other electrical energy stores (8) for using energy stored in mechanical electrical systems (4) as a control reserve in electrical supply networks are used to stabilize the electrical supply network (2) in the control of the elevator system (4) ,

7. A method for using energy stored in mechanical electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when signaling a danger to the electrical supply network (2) with regard to overloading in progress elevators (4) on the next possible station stopped and / or the electrical energy storage (8) are discharged to feed the supply network (2).

8. Device for the use of stored in mechanical electrical systems and other electrical systems

Energy as a control reserve in electrical supply networks, in particular related use of elevator systems or decentralized or central charging stations for electric vehicles with exchangeable energy storage with a feed-in possibility of excess energy or as a consumer of electrical energy depending on the operating condition in the electrical supply network, characterized in that the mechanical electrical systems ( 4) or charging station (s) (4) a network parameter monitoring (6) and feedback (6) and a control (7) of the mechanical electrical system (4) or the charging station (s) (4) from the Have network parameter monitoring (5) and / or that a control center (1) of the electrical supply network (2), which is connected via house connections (3) with the mechanical electrical systems (4) or the charging station (s) (4), a controller - And reporting network (5) to the mechanical electrical systems (4) or charging station (s) (4) has.

9. Device for using energy stored in mechanical-electrical systems as a control reserve in electrical supply networks according to claim 8, characterized in that the network parameter monitoring (6) and feedback (6) electrically with a capacitor (8) and an inverter (9) of the mechanical electrical system (4) is connected and / or that between individual mechanical-electrical systems (4) a communication line (10) is present.