WO2008132989A9 - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Solar cell module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008132989A9
WO2008132989A9 PCT/JP2008/056919 JP2008056919W WO2008132989A9 WO 2008132989 A9 WO2008132989 A9 WO 2008132989A9 JP 2008056919 W JP2008056919 W JP 2008056919W WO 2008132989 A9 WO2008132989 A9 WO 2008132989A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receiving surface
surface protective
light
protective material
solar cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2008/056919
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
WO2008132989A1 (en
Inventor
聡生 柳浦
悟 小笠原
Original Assignee
三洋電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2007228151A external-priority patent/JP2008288547A/en
Application filed by 三洋電機株式会社 filed Critical 三洋電機株式会社
Priority to CN2008800126430A priority Critical patent/CN101707909B/en
Priority to US12/596,746 priority patent/US20100059102A1/en
Publication of WO2008132989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008132989A1/en
Publication of WO2008132989A9 publication Critical patent/WO2008132989A9/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/10—Frame structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar cell module including a light-receiving surface protective material and a back surface protective material.
  • Solar cells are expected as a new energy source because they can directly convert light from the sun, which is a clean and inexhaustible energy source, into electricity.
  • a thin-film solar cell mainly composed of an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor, a microcrystalline silicon-based semiconductor, or a thin-film semiconductor material such as CuInSe is underway.
  • FIG. 1 As an example of a thin film solar cell, a structure of a conventional solar cell module using an amorphous silicon-based thin film solar cell will be described with reference to FIG. 1 (for example, see JP-A-11-135811).
  • the solar cell module 100 includes a light-receiving surface protection material 101, a solar cell layer 102, a resin material 103 such as EVA or PVB, and a back surface protection material 104.
  • the light-receiving surface protection material 101 includes a glass plate and a SnO 2 (transparent conductive film) layer formed on the glass plate by a thermal CVD method.
  • the solar cell layer 102 is a so-called integrated solar cell formed on the SnO 2 layer.
  • the solar cell layer 102 includes a semiconductor layer having a pin structure mainly composed of an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor and a back electrode formed on the semiconductor layer.
  • Such a solar cell layer 102 is sealed with the resin material 103 between the light-receiving surface protective material 101 and the back surface protective material 104.
  • the back surface protective material 104 is composed of a glass plate, a metal plate, a resin film, or the like.
  • the glass plate constituting the light-receiving surface protective material 101 is brittle and easily broken, so it is necessary to increase the strength of the glass plate.
  • the output of the solar cell module 100 is hindered.
  • the thickness of the glass plate is increased, the total weight of the solar cell module 100 is increased.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the state of the grip portion when an external force F is applied to the solar cell module 100 gripped by the frame body 105.
  • the light-receiving surface protective material 101 and the back surface protective material 104 are designed to withstand a predetermined displacement, and therefore are not destroyed even when a displacement x occurs.
  • the light receiving surface protection material 101 and the back surface protection material 104 come into contact with the end portions 105a and 105b of the frame body 105, thereby receiving the light receiving surface.
  • the protective material 101 and the back surface protective material 104 may be damaged.
  • the end portion 101 a of the light-receiving surface protection material 101 and the end portion 104 a of the back surface protection material 104 may be in contact with the inner wall of the frame body 105 and be damaged.
  • the product may be shipped without a frame attached at the manufacturing stage (FIG. 3).
  • a frameless module even if it is strictly packed, in the corner portion of the solar cell module 100, in particular, in the corner portion of the light-receiving surface protection material 101 located on the upper surface side (FIG. 3, W1, W2), The possibility of breakage during transportation is greatly increased.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module that can suppress the occurrence of breakage.
  • one feature of the present invention is that a light-transmitting light-receiving surface protective material having a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface, and the back surface of the light-receiving surface protective material And a plurality of solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective material and the back surface protective material, and the back surface protective material has a larger planar shape than the light receiving surface protective material.
  • the gist is that the amount of displacement with respect to an external load is smaller than the amount of displacement of the light-receiving surface protective material.
  • One feature of the present invention is that a light-transmitting light-receiving surface protection material having a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface, and a back surface protection disposed on the back surface side of the light-receiving surface protection material And a plurality of solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective material and the back surface protective material, the back surface protective material having a planar shape larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material and more than the light receiving surface protective material.
  • the gist is to have a high impact strength.
  • the back surface protective material may be glass.
  • a portion of the back surface protective material that does not overlap with the light receiving surface protective material on the projection surface substantially parallel to the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material may be gripped by the frame.
  • the light-receiving surface protective material may be smaller than the inner dimension of the frame.
  • the corner between the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material and the end surface connected to the light receiving surface may be covered with a resin material.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional solar cell module.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view for explaining a grip portion by a frame of a conventional solar cell module.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional frameless structure solar cell module.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module having a frameless structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an external plan view seen from the incident side of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional solar cell module.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view for explaining a grip portion by a frame of a conventional solar cell module.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a
  • FIG. 8 is an external plan view seen from the incident side of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a solar cell layer 12 is formed on the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the light receiving surface protection member 11 has a light receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light receiving surface.
  • the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material 11 is formed of a glass plate (for example, blue plate glass).
  • the back surface of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is formed by a SnO 2 (tin oxide) layer formed on a glass plate by a thermal CVD method.
  • the SnO 2 layer functions as a transparent electrode.
  • the solar cell layer 12 is formed on the back surface (SnO 2 layer) of the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the solar cell layer 12 includes a semiconductor layer formed on the SnO 2 layer and a back electrode formed on the semiconductor layer.
  • the semiconductor layer has, for example, one or more semiconductor pin junctions mainly composed of an amorphous silicon semiconductor, a microcrystalline silicon semiconductor, or the like.
  • the semiconductor layer is formed by sputtering or CVD.
  • the semiconductor layer according to the present embodiment sequentially includes a first semiconductor layer having a semiconductor pin junction mainly composed of an amorphous silicon semiconductor and a second semiconductor layer having a semiconductor pin junction mainly composed of a microcrystalline silicon semiconductor. It is formed by stacking. Table 1 shows an example of film forming conditions by the plasma CVD method when forming the semiconductor layer.
  • the back electrode in the solar cell layer 12 includes a light-transmitting conductive layer such as an ITO layer or a ZnO layer laminated on the semiconductor layer (in this embodiment, on the second semiconductor layer), and a light reflection such as Al or Ag. And a metal layer having properties.
  • the solar cell layer 12 is divided into a plurality of solar cells using a well-known laser patterning method.
  • a plurality of solar battery cells are electrically connected in series with each other to form a so-called integrated solar battery structure.
  • the above-described solar cell layer 12 is formed on the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
  • a laminated body is formed by sequentially laminating a back surface protective material 14 having a size larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material 11, a filler 13 such as EVA, the solar cell layer 12, and the light receiving surface protective material 11.
  • the laminate is integrated with a laminator.
  • a terminal box (not shown) is attached so that the electrical output can be taken out.
  • the frame body 15 is attached so as to hold the back surface protective material 14 via an adhesive material 16 such as silicone.
  • the sealing material 17 is filled between the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the frame body 15.
  • the back surface protective material 14 is larger than the dimension of the light receiving surface protective material 11. Further, the displacement amount of the back surface protection material 14 with respect to the load from the outside is smaller than the displacement amount of the light receiving surface protection material 11. Further, the back surface protective material 14 has a greater impact strength than the light receiving surface protective material 11.
  • a translucent blue plate (soda lime) tempered glass whose one side length is about 20 mm larger than the light receiving surface protective material 11 can be used. As shown in FIG. 4, the end portion of the back surface protection member 14 is gripped by the frame body 15. The configurations of the back surface protective material 14 and the light receiving surface protective material 11 will be described later.
  • a resin material such as EVA, PVB, butyl rubber, ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer resin or the like, or a resin material such as silicone, urethane resin, acrylic resin, or epoxy resin can be used alone or in combination.
  • an aluminum frame or the like can be used, but is not limited to this.
  • the adhesive 16 a resin material such as silicone, polycarbonate, polystyrene, urethane resin, cellulose acetate, phenol resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, butyl rubber or the like can be used alone or in combination.
  • the adhesive 16 may be a general rubber or an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer as long as it does not cause the solar cell module 1 to drop off from the frame 15 or break when a load is applied.
  • resin materials such as silicone, polycarbonate, polystyrene, urethane resin, cellulose acetate, phenol resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and butyl rubber can be used alone or in combination.
  • FIG. 5 shows a state before the frame body 15 is attached to the solar cell module 1.
  • the planar shape of the back surface protective material 14 is larger than the planar shape of the light receiving surface protective material 11. Therefore, the outer periphery of the back surface protective material 14 is located outside the outer periphery of the light receiving surface protection material 11 on a projection surface substantially parallel to the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protection material 11. That is, the back surface protective material 14 having a smaller displacement and a higher impact strength than the glass plate constituting the light receiving surface protective material 11 forms the outer periphery of the solar cell module 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the solar cell module 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the light-receiving surface side of the light-receiving surface protection material 11. As shown in FIG. 6, the light receiving surface protection member 11 does not enter the inside of the frame body 15 and is not in contact with the frame body 15. Therefore, the end portion of the light receiving surface protection member 11 is not covered with the frame body 15.
  • the strength of the solar cell module 1 having the structure shown in FIG. 4 and the strength of the solar cell module 100 having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is measured in accordance with a mechanical load test of the solar cell specified in IEC 61215 10.16. did. Specifically, a load of 2400 Pa was applied to a solar cell module of about 1 m square (five test subjects). As a result, in the solar cell module 100 having the conventional structure, damage was confirmed in all five test symmetry. On the other hand, the solar cell module 1 having the structure shown in FIG.
  • tempered glass that is slightly larger than the glass plate used as the light-receiving surface protective material 11 and has a small displacement with respect to the load is used as the back surface protective material 14.
  • the back surface protective material 14 is held by the frame body 15.
  • the planar shape of the back surface protective material 14 is larger than the planar shape of the light receiving surface protective material 11.
  • the solar cell module 1 can be supported by causing the frame 15 to grip the end portion of the back surface protective material 14. Therefore, when the solar cell module 1 bends, damage to the light receiving surface protective material 11 caused by contact between the end of the light receiving surface protective material 11 and the frame 15 can be suppressed.
  • the solar cell module 1 when transported without being attached to the frame body 15, it is possible to suppress the end portion of the light receiving surface protection member 11 from being damaged by receiving an impact.
  • the light-receiving surface protection material 11 having a small planar shape can be used as compared with the case where the light-receiving surface protection material 11 and the back surface protection material 14 are gripped by the frame 15. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced. In general, since a glass plate on which a transparent electrode (SnO 2 layer) is formed is expensive, it is particularly effective to reduce the planar shape of the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the displacement amount of the back surface protective material 14 with respect to the load from the outside is smaller than that of the light receiving surface protective material 11. That is, the displacement amount with respect to the load from the outside of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 can be suppressed to the displacement amount with respect to the load from the outside of the back surface protection material 14. Therefore, since the thickness of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced. Moreover, when the edge part of the back surface protection material 14 is made to hold
  • the impact resistance strength of the back surface protective material 14 is larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material 11. Accordingly, when the solar cell module 1 is transported without being attached to the frame body 15, it is possible to prevent the end portion of the back surface protection member 14 from being damaged by receiving an impact. Further, if the strength of the back surface protective material 14 is relatively high, the strength of the composite of the back surface protective material 14 and the frame body 15 is maintained even if the strength of the frame body 15 is relatively small. Therefore, the strength of the frame body 15 can be reduced, that is, the frame body 15 can have a simple configuration, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced.
  • the back surface protection material 14 is a glass member which has translucency. Therefore, a so-called double-sided light receiving solar cell can be used as the plurality of solar cells (solar cell layer 12).
  • the planar shape of the light-receiving surface protection member 11 is smaller than the inner dimension of the frame body 15. Therefore, the end portion of the solar cell layer 12 formed on the light receiving surface protective material does not enter the inside of the frame body 15. Therefore, it is possible to generate power using substantially the entire surface of the solar cell layer 12. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of the solar cell layer 12 can be improved as compared with the case where the end portion of the solar cell layer 12 enters the inside of the frame 15.
  • a blue plate (soda lime) tempered glass whose one side is longer than the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is provided as the back surface protection material 14.
  • a filler 13 such as EVA and a light-receiving surface protective material 11 on which a solar cell layer 12 is formed are sequentially laminated on a back surface protective material 14 and integrated by a laminator. Further, the frame body 15 holds the end portion of the back surface protective material 14 through the adhesive material 16.
  • the sealing material 17 is filled between the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the frame body 15. The sealing material 17 covers the end of the light receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the end portion of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is at least the end portion of the main surface 11a on the light-receiving surface side of the light-receiving surface protection material 11, the end surface 11b continuous to the main surface 11a, the main surface 11a, and the end surface 11b. And the corner 11c between the two.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of the solar cell module 2 as viewed from the main surface 11a side of the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
  • FIG. 8 the end portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with a sealing material 17 inside the frame body 15. Therefore, in the light receiving surface protection material 11, the region S on the inner side by a predetermined width from the outer periphery of the main surface 11 a toward the central portion of the light reception surface protection material 11 is covered with the sealing material 17.
  • the sealing material 17 does not overlap the solar cell layer 12 when viewed from the light receiving surface side.
  • the resin materials described above can be used as the filler 13, the adhesive 16, and the sealing material 17, the resin materials described above can be used. The same material may be used for the adhesive 16 and the sealing material 17.
  • the filler 13 when a material having high gas permeability such as EVA is used for the filler 13, butyl rubber having relatively low gas permeability is selected as the sealing material 17 among the above-described resin materials. It is preferable. By preventing the EVA from being exposed to the external environment, the effect of preventing intrusion of moisture and the like can be enhanced.
  • EVA high gas permeability
  • butyl rubber having relatively low gas permeability is selected as the sealing material 17 among the above-described resin materials. It is preferable.
  • the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with the sealing material 17. That is, the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11 that is easily damaged is protected by the resin material. For this reason, it is possible to further prevent the corner portion 11c from being damaged by an impact applied to the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11.
  • the end surface 11 b of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 and the end surface 13 b of the filler 13 are protected by the sealing material 17.
  • an adhesive 16 for bonding the back surface protective material 14 to the frame 15 covers the end portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protective material 14. That is, in the solar cell module 3, the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with the adhesive 16. Similar to the solar cell module 2 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the adhesive 16 covering the region S (see FIG. 8) preferably does not overlap the solar cell layer 12.
  • the resin materials described above can be used as the filler 13, the adhesive 16, and the sealing material 17, the resin materials described above can be used. The same material may be used for the adhesive 16 and the sealing material 17.
  • the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with the adhesive 16. That is, the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11 that is easily damaged is protected by the resin material. For this reason, it is possible to further prevent the corner portion 11c from being damaged by an impact applied to the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11.
  • the solar cell module 4 shown in FIG. 10 is characterized in that the frame body 15 includes a protection portion 15 a that protects the end portion of the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the frame 15 has a structure for gripping the back surface protection material 14, and the protection portion 15 a does not substantially grip the light receiving surface protection material 11.
  • a sealing material 17 is filled between the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the frame body 15. The sealing material 17 covers the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the protection portion 15a of the frame body 15 does not overlap the solar cell layer 12 when viewed from the light receiving surface side of the light receiving surface protection material 11.
  • the resin materials described above can be used as the filler 13, the adhesive 16, and the sealing material 17, the resin materials described above can be used. The same material may be used for the adhesive 16 and the sealing material 17.
  • the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is protected by a protection portion 15 a provided on the frame body 15. Further, the corner portion 11 c is covered with the sealing material 17.
  • angular part 11c of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is protected by the protection part 15a and the sealing material 17, it can further suppress that the corner
  • the solar cell module 4 illustrated in FIG. 10 has been described based on the structure of the solar cell module 2 illustrated in FIG. 7, but may have a structure similar to the solar cell module 3 illustrated in FIG. 9. Specifically, the end surface 11 b of the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the end surface 13 b of the filler 13 may be protected by the sealing material 17.
  • an adhesive 16 for fixing the frame body 15 that holds the back surface protection material 14 may fill a space between the protection portion 15 a of the frame body 15 and the outer edge portion of the light receiving surface protection material 14.
  • blue plate glass is used as the light-receiving surface protection material 11 and blue plate tempered glass is used as the back surface protection material 14, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • any material having higher strength than the light-receiving surface protective material 11 can be applied as the back surface protective material 14.
  • the strength can be evaluated by, for example, an impact strength obtained by a descending test defined in IEC 61215 10.17.
  • a metal plate such as a SUS plate, fiber reinforced plastic, or the like can be used as the back surface protection material.
  • any material can be used without being limited to the present embodiment as long as the back surface protection material 14 has a smaller displacement with respect to the load than the light receiving surface protection material 11.
  • a metal plate such as a SUS plate, fiber reinforced plastic, or the like can be used as the back surface protective material 14.
  • a plastic having a structure capable of suppressing the amount of displacement by adding a rib or the like is also applicable as the back surface protective material 14.
  • the present invention is not limited to the one using a thin film solar cell, but a solar cell configured using various solar cells such as a solar cell using a single crystal silicon wafer and a solar cell using a polycrystalline silicon wafer. Can be applied to modules.

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract

A solar cell module (1) has a light receiving surface protective member (11), a rear surface protective member (14) placed on the rear surface of the light receiving surface protective member (11), and solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective member (11) and the rear surface protective member (14). The rear surface protective member (14) has a flat surface shape greater in size than the light receiving surface protective member (11). The rear surface protective member (14) has a less amount of displacement against an external load than the light receiving surface protective member (11). Further, the rear surface protective member (14) has higher strength against impact than the light receiving surface protective member (11).

Description

太陽電池モジュールSolar cell module
　本発明は、受光面保護材と裏面保護材とを備える太陽電池モジュールに関する。 The present invention relates to a solar cell module including a light-receiving surface protective material and a back surface protective material.
　太陽電池は、クリーンで無尽蔵のエネルギー源である太陽からの光を直接電気に変換できることから、新しいエネルギー源として期待されている。このような太陽電池として、非晶質シリコン系半導体や、微結晶シリコン系半導体、或いはＣｕＩｎＳｅ等の薄膜半導体材料を主体とする薄膜太陽電池の開発が進められている。 Solar cells are expected as a new energy source because they can directly convert light from the sun, which is a clean and inexhaustible energy source, into electricity. As such a solar cell, development of a thin-film solar cell mainly composed of an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor, a microcrystalline silicon-based semiconductor, or a thin-film semiconductor material such as CuInSe is underway.
　薄膜太陽電池の一例として、非晶質シリコン系薄膜太陽電池を用いた従来の太陽電池モジュールの構造を図１を参照して説明する（例えば、特開平１１－１３５８１１号公報参照）。 As an example of a thin film solar cell, a structure of a conventional solar cell module using an amorphous silicon-based thin film solar cell will be described with reference to FIG. 1 (for example, see JP-A-11-135811).
　太陽電池モジュール１００は、受光面保護材１０１と、太陽電池層１０２と、ＥＶＡ、ＰＶＢ等の樹脂材料１０３と、裏面保護材１０４とを備える。受光面保護材１０１は、ガラス板と、熱ＣＶＤ法によってガラス板上に形成されるＳｎＯ２（透明導電膜）層とによって構成される。太陽電池層１０２は、ＳｎＯ２層上に形成される、いわゆる集積型の太陽電池である。太陽電池層１０２は、非晶質シリコン系半導体を主体とするｐｉｎ構造を有する半導体層と半導体層上に形成される裏面電極とによって構成される。このような太陽電池層１０２は、受光面保護材１０１と裏面保護材１０４との間で、樹脂材料１０３によって封止される。裏面保護材１０４は、ガラス板、金属板、樹脂フィルム等により構成されている。 The solar cell module 100 includes a light-receiving surface protection material 101, a solar cell layer 102, a resin material 103 such as EVA or PVB, and a back surface protection material 104. The light-receiving surface protection material 101 includes a glass plate and a SnO 2 (transparent conductive film) layer formed on the glass plate by a thermal CVD method. The solar cell layer 102 is a so-called integrated solar cell formed on the SnO 2 layer. The solar cell layer 102 includes a semiconductor layer having a pin structure mainly composed of an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor and a back electrode formed on the semiconductor layer. Such a solar cell layer 102 is sealed with the resin material 103 between the light-receiving surface protective material 101 and the back surface protective material 104. The back surface protective material 104 is composed of a glass plate, a metal plate, a resin film, or the like.
　ここで、受光面保護材１０１を構成するガラス板は、脆く割れやすい性質を有するので、ガラス板の強度を高める必要がある。ガラス板の強度を高めるには、ガラス板の面積を縮小すること、或いはガラス板の厚みを大きくすること等が考えられる。しかしながら、ガラス板の面積を縮小すると、太陽電池モジュール１００の高出力化の妨げになる。また、ガラス板の厚みを大きくすると、太陽電池モジュール１００の総重量が増加する。 Here, the glass plate constituting the light-receiving surface protective material 101 is brittle and easily broken, so it is necessary to increase the strength of the glass plate. In order to increase the strength of the glass plate, it is conceivable to reduce the area of the glass plate or increase the thickness of the glass plate. However, when the area of the glass plate is reduced, the output of the solar cell module 100 is hindered. Further, when the thickness of the glass plate is increased, the total weight of the solar cell module 100 is increased.
　なお、ガラス板上にＳｎＯ２層を形成した後、ガラス板に強化加工を施すことによって、ガラス板の厚みを大きくすることなくガラス板の強度を高める技術が開示されている（特許第２６１５１４７号公報参照）。 After forming the SnO 2 layer on a glass plate, by applying a reinforcing process to the glass plate, a technique for increasing the strength of the glass plate without increasing the thickness of the glass plate is disclosed (Japanese Patent No. 2615147 See the official gazette).
　従来、太陽電池モジュール１００を把持する枠体１０５の強度を向上させることで受光面保護材１０１の変位を低減し、太陽電池モジュール１００の破損を防ぐことも考えられている。しかしながら、太陽電池モジュール１００のうち、枠体１０５によって把持された部分における特徴的な破損が報告されている。 Conventionally, it has been considered that the displacement of the light-receiving surface protection material 101 is reduced by improving the strength of the frame 105 that holds the solar cell module 100, thereby preventing the solar cell module 100 from being damaged. However, a characteristic breakage in a portion gripped by the frame body 105 in the solar cell module 100 has been reported.
　図２には、枠体１０５によって把持された太陽電池モジュール１００に対して、外力Ｆが加わった場合の把持部分の様子が模式的に示されている。図２に示すように、受光面保護材１０１及び裏面保護材１０４は、所定の変位に耐えられる設計となっているので、変位ｘが生じた場合であっても破壊されない。しかしながら、何らかの要因が相まって接着材１０６の緩衝効果が及ぶ許容範囲を上回ったとき、受光面保護材１０１及び裏面保護材１０４が、枠体１０５の端部１０５ａ，１０５ｂと接触することによって、受光面保護材１０１及び裏面保護材１０４が破損することがあった。また、同様に、受光面保護材１０１の端部１０１ａや、裏面保護材１０４の端部１０４ａが、枠体１０５の内壁と接触して破損することもあった。 FIG. 2 schematically shows the state of the grip portion when an external force F is applied to the solar cell module 100 gripped by the frame body 105. As shown in FIG. 2, the light-receiving surface protective material 101 and the back surface protective material 104 are designed to withstand a predetermined displacement, and therefore are not destroyed even when a displacement x occurs. However, when some factors cause the buffering effect of the adhesive material 106 to exceed the allowable range, the light receiving surface protection material 101 and the back surface protection material 104 come into contact with the end portions 105a and 105b of the frame body 105, thereby receiving the light receiving surface. The protective material 101 and the back surface protective material 104 may be damaged. Similarly, the end portion 101 a of the light-receiving surface protection material 101 and the end portion 104 a of the back surface protection material 104 may be in contact with the inner wall of the frame body 105 and be damaged.
　更にまた、例えば、利用者のニーズに応じて、製造段階でフレームを取り付けない状態で出荷する場合もある（図３）。このようなフレームレスモジュールの場合には、厳重に梱包しても太陽電池モジュール１００の角部分、特に、上面側に位置する受光面保護材１０１の角部分（図３、Ｗ１，Ｗ２）において、運搬時に破損する可能性が大いに高まる。 Furthermore, for example, depending on the needs of the user, the product may be shipped without a frame attached at the manufacturing stage (FIG. 3). In the case of such a frameless module, even if it is strictly packed, in the corner portion of the solar cell module 100, in particular, in the corner portion of the light-receiving surface protection material 101 located on the upper surface side (FIG. 3, W1, W2), The possibility of breakage during transportation is greatly increased.
　そこで、本発明は、破損の発生を抑制できる太陽電池モジュールを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module that can suppress the occurrence of breakage.
　上述した目的を達成するために、本発明の一の特徴は、受光面と、受光面の反対側に設けられた裏面とを有する透光性の受光面保護材と、受光面保護材の裏面側に配置される裏面保護材と、受光面保護材と裏面保護材との間に封止された複数の太陽電池セルとを備え、裏面保護材は、平面形状が受光面保護材よりも大きく、且つ外部からの荷重に対する変位量が受光面保護材の変位量よりも小であることを要旨とする。 In order to achieve the above-described object, one feature of the present invention is that a light-transmitting light-receiving surface protective material having a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface, and the back surface of the light-receiving surface protective material And a plurality of solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective material and the back surface protective material, and the back surface protective material has a larger planar shape than the light receiving surface protective material. In addition, the gist is that the amount of displacement with respect to an external load is smaller than the amount of displacement of the light-receiving surface protective material.
　また、本発明の一の特徴は、受光面と、受光面の反対側に設けられた裏面とを有する透光性の受光面保護材と、受光面保護材の裏面側に配置される裏面保護材と、受光面保護材と裏面保護材との間に封止された複数の太陽電池セルとを備え、裏面保護材は、平面形状が受光面保護材よりも大きく、且つ受光面保護材より大きい耐衝撃強度を有することを要旨とする。 One feature of the present invention is that a light-transmitting light-receiving surface protection material having a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface, and a back surface protection disposed on the back surface side of the light-receiving surface protection material And a plurality of solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective material and the back surface protective material, the back surface protective material having a planar shape larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material and more than the light receiving surface protective material. The gist is to have a high impact strength.
　本発明の一の特徴において、裏面保護材は、ガラスであってもよい。 In one aspect of the present invention, the back surface protective material may be glass.
　本発明の一の特徴において、受光面保護材の受光面に略平行な投影面上において、裏面保護材のうち受光面保護材と重ならない部分は、枠体によって把持されていてもよい。 In one aspect of the present invention, a portion of the back surface protective material that does not overlap with the light receiving surface protective material on the projection surface substantially parallel to the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material may be gripped by the frame.
　本発明の一の特徴において、受光面保護材が枠体の内寸よりも小であってもよい。 In one aspect of the present invention, the light-receiving surface protective material may be smaller than the inner dimension of the frame.
　本発明の一の特徴において、受光面保護材の受光面と受光面に連なる端面との間の角部が、樹脂材料によって覆われていてもよい。 In one feature of the present invention, the corner between the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material and the end surface connected to the light receiving surface may be covered with a resin material.
図１は、従来の太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional solar cell module. 図２は、従来の太陽電池モジュールの枠体による把持部を説明する拡大図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view for explaining a grip portion by a frame of a conventional solar cell module. 図３は、従来のフレームレス構造の太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional frameless structure solar cell module. 図４は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図５は、本発明の実施形態に係るフレームレス構造の太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module having a frameless structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図６は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの入射側からみた外観平面図である。FIG. 6 is an external plan view seen from the incident side of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図７は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図８は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの入射側からみた外観平面図である。FIG. 8 is an external plan view seen from the incident side of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図９は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１０は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの断面図である。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
　以下、図面を用いて、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。図面の記載において、同一又は類似の部分には、同一又は類似の符号を付している。但し、図面は模式的なものであり、各寸法の比率等は現実のものとは異なることに留意すべきである。従って、具体的な寸法等は以下の説明を参酌して判断すべきものである。また、図面相互間においても互いの寸法の関係や比率が異なる部分が含まれていることは勿論である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic and ratios of dimensions and the like are different from actual ones. Accordingly, specific dimensions and the like should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, it is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios are included between the drawings.
（第１実施形態）
　本発明の実施形態として示す太陽電池モジュールについて、図４乃至図７を用いて説明する。 (First embodiment)
A solar cell module shown as an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
　図４に示すように、太陽電池モジュール１では、受光面保護材１１上に太陽電池層１２が形成されている。受光面保護材１１は、受光面と受光面の反対側に設けられる裏面とを有する。 As shown in FIG. 4, in the solar cell module 1, a solar cell layer 12 is formed on the light-receiving surface protection material 11. The light receiving surface protection member 11 has a light receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light receiving surface.
　受光面保護材１１の受光面は、ガラス板（例えば、青板ガラス）によって形成される。受光面保護材１１の裏面は、ガラス板上に熱ＣＶＤ法によって形成されたＳｎＯ２（酸化スズ）層によって形成される。ＳｎＯ２層は、透明電極として機能する。 The light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material 11 is formed of a glass plate (for example, blue plate glass). The back surface of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is formed by a SnO 2 (tin oxide) layer formed on a glass plate by a thermal CVD method. The SnO 2 layer functions as a transparent electrode.
　太陽電池層１２は、受光面保護材１１の裏面（ＳｎＯ２層）上に形成される。太陽電池層１２は、ＳｎＯ２層上に形成された半導体層と、半導体層上に形成された裏面電極とによって構成される。半導体層は、例えば、非晶質シリコン系半導体や微結晶シリコン系半導体等を主体とする１以上の半導体ｐｉｎ接合を有している。半導体層は、スパッタ法或いはＣＶＤ法などにより形成される。本実施形態に係る半導体層は、非晶質シリコン系半導体を主体とする半導体ｐｉｎ接合を有する第１半導体層と、微結晶シリコン半導体を主体とする半導体ｐｉｎ接合を有する第２半導体層とを順次積層することによって形成される。半導体層を形成する場合のプラズマＣＶＤ法による成膜条件の一例を表１に示す。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 The solar cell layer 12 is formed on the back surface (SnO 2 layer) of the light-receiving surface protection material 11. The solar cell layer 12 includes a semiconductor layer formed on the SnO 2 layer and a back electrode formed on the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer has, for example, one or more semiconductor pin junctions mainly composed of an amorphous silicon semiconductor, a microcrystalline silicon semiconductor, or the like. The semiconductor layer is formed by sputtering or CVD. The semiconductor layer according to the present embodiment sequentially includes a first semiconductor layer having a semiconductor pin junction mainly composed of an amorphous silicon semiconductor and a second semiconductor layer having a semiconductor pin junction mainly composed of a microcrystalline silicon semiconductor. It is formed by stacking. Table 1 shows an example of film forming conditions by the plasma CVD method when forming the semiconductor layer.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　また、太陽電池層１２における裏面電極は、半導体層上（本実施形態では第２半導体層上）に積層されたＩＴＯ層やＺｎＯ層等の透光性導電層と、ＡｌやＡｇ等の光反射性を有する金属層とによって構成される。 In addition, the back electrode in the solar cell layer 12 includes a light-transmitting conductive layer such as an ITO layer or a ZnO layer laminated on the semiconductor layer (in this embodiment, on the second semiconductor layer), and a light reflection such as Al or Ag. And a metal layer having properties.
　太陽電池層１２は、周知のレーザパターニング法を用いて複数の太陽電池セルに分割される。複数の太陽電池セルが互いに電気的に直列接続されることによって、いわゆる集積型の太陽電池構造が形成されている。 The solar cell layer 12 is divided into a plurality of solar cells using a well-known laser patterning method. A plurality of solar battery cells are electrically connected in series with each other to form a so-called integrated solar battery structure.
　ここで、本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール１の製造方法の一例について説明する。まず、受光面保護材１１上に、上述の太陽電池層１２を形成する。次に、受光面保護材１１よりも寸法の大きな裏面保護材１４、ＥＶＡ等の充填材１３、太陽電池層１２及び受光面保護材１１を順次積層することによって積層体を形成する。その後、積層体をラミネータにより一体化する。この処理の後、端子ボックス（図示しない）を取り付けて、電気出力を取り出せるようにする。最後に、枠体１５をシリコーン等の接着材１６を介して裏面保護材１４を把持するように取り付ける。この場合、受光面保護材１１と枠体１５との間に封止材１７を充填する。 Here, an example of the manufacturing method of the solar cell module 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. First, the above-described solar cell layer 12 is formed on the light-receiving surface protection material 11. Next, a laminated body is formed by sequentially laminating a back surface protective material 14 having a size larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material 11, a filler 13 such as EVA, the solar cell layer 12, and the light receiving surface protective material 11. Thereafter, the laminate is integrated with a laminator. After this process, a terminal box (not shown) is attached so that the electrical output can be taken out. Finally, the frame body 15 is attached so as to hold the back surface protective material 14 via an adhesive material 16 such as silicone. In this case, the sealing material 17 is filled between the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the frame body 15.
　ここで、本実施形態に係る裏面保護材１４は、受光面保護材１１の寸法よりも大きい。また、裏面保護材１４の外部からの荷重に対する変位量は受光面保護材１１の変位量よりも小さい。また、裏面保護材１４は、受光面保護材１１よりも大きい耐衝撃強度を有する。例えば、裏面保護材１４としては、受光面保護材１１よりも１辺の長さが２０ｍｍ程度ずつ大きい透光性の青板（ソーダライム）強化ガラスを用いることができる。図４に示すように、裏面保護材１４の端部は、枠体１５によって把持される。裏面保護材１４及び受光面保護材１１の構成については後述する。 Here, the back surface protective material 14 according to the present embodiment is larger than the dimension of the light receiving surface protective material 11. Further, the displacement amount of the back surface protection material 14 with respect to the load from the outside is smaller than the displacement amount of the light receiving surface protection material 11. Further, the back surface protective material 14 has a greater impact strength than the light receiving surface protective material 11. For example, as the back surface protective material 14, a translucent blue plate (soda lime) tempered glass whose one side length is about 20 mm larger than the light receiving surface protective material 11 can be used. As shown in FIG. 4, the end portion of the back surface protection member 14 is gripped by the frame body 15. The configurations of the back surface protective material 14 and the light receiving surface protective material 11 will be described later.
　充填材１３としては、ＥＶＡ、ＰＶＢ、ブチルゴム、エチレンエチルアクリレート共重合樹脂などのエチレン系樹脂、シリコーン、ウレタン樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等の樹脂材料を単体で又は組み合わせて用いることができる。 As the filler 13, a resin material such as EVA, PVB, butyl rubber, ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer resin or the like, or a resin material such as silicone, urethane resin, acrylic resin, or epoxy resin can be used alone or in combination.
　枠体１５としては、アルミニウムフレームなどを用いることができるが、これに限定されるものではない。 As the frame 15, an aluminum frame or the like can be used, but is not limited to this.
　また、接着材１６としては、シリコーン、ポリカーボネイト、ポリスチレン、ウレタン樹脂、セルロースアセテート、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ブチルゴム等の樹脂材料を単体で又は組み合わせて用いることができる。また、接着剤１６は、一般的なゴム、オレフィン系の熱可塑性エラストマーでもよく、枠体１５からの太陽電池モジュール１の脱落や、荷重印加時の破壊が起きないものであればよい。 Further, as the adhesive 16, a resin material such as silicone, polycarbonate, polystyrene, urethane resin, cellulose acetate, phenol resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, butyl rubber or the like can be used alone or in combination. The adhesive 16 may be a general rubber or an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer as long as it does not cause the solar cell module 1 to drop off from the frame 15 or break when a load is applied.
　また、封止材１７としては、シリコーン、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ウレタン樹脂、セルロースアセテート、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ブチルゴム等の樹脂材料を単体で又は組み合わせて用いることができる。 Further, as the sealing material 17, resin materials such as silicone, polycarbonate, polystyrene, urethane resin, cellulose acetate, phenol resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and butyl rubber can be used alone or in combination.
　図５は、太陽電池モジュール１に枠体１５を取付ける前の状態を示す。裏面保護材１４の平面形状は、受光面保護材１１の平面形状よりも大きい。従って、受光面保護材１１の受光面に略平行な投影面上において、裏面保護材１４の外周は、受光面保護材１１の外周の外側に位置する。すなわち、受光面保護材１１を構成するガラス板よりも変位量が小さく、且つ耐衝撃強度が大きい裏面保護材１４が太陽電池モジュール１の外周を形成する。 FIG. 5 shows a state before the frame body 15 is attached to the solar cell module 1. The planar shape of the back surface protective material 14 is larger than the planar shape of the light receiving surface protective material 11. Therefore, the outer periphery of the back surface protective material 14 is located outside the outer periphery of the light receiving surface protection material 11 on a projection surface substantially parallel to the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protection material 11. That is, the back surface protective material 14 having a smaller displacement and a higher impact strength than the glass plate constituting the light receiving surface protective material 11 forms the outer periphery of the solar cell module 1.
　また、図６は、本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール１を受光面保護材１１の受光面側からみた平面図である。図６に示すように、受光面保護材１１は、枠体１５の内側には入り込んでおらず、枠体１５と接触していない。従って、受光面保護材１１の端部は、枠体１５に覆われていない。 FIG. 6 is a plan view of the solar cell module 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the light-receiving surface side of the light-receiving surface protection material 11. As shown in FIG. 6, the light receiving surface protection member 11 does not enter the inside of the frame body 15 and is not in contact with the frame body 15. Therefore, the end portion of the light receiving surface protection member 11 is not covered with the frame body 15.
（荷重試験）
　図４に示す構造を有する太陽電池モジュール１と、図１に示した構造の太陽電池モジュール１００との強度を、ＩＥＣ　６１２１５　１０．１６に規定されている太陽電池の機械的荷重試験にならって測定した。具体的には、約１ｍ角の太陽電池モジュール（試験対象は５つ）に対して、２４００Ｐａの荷重を加えた。その結果、従来構造の太陽電池モジュール１００では、５つの試験対称全てにおいて破損が確認された。これに対して、図４に示した構造を有する太陽電池モジュール１では、５つの試験対称全てにおいて破損が認められなかった。 (Load test)
The strength of the solar cell module 1 having the structure shown in FIG. 4 and the strength of the solar cell module 100 having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is measured in accordance with a mechanical load test of the solar cell specified in IEC 61215 10.16. did. Specifically, a load of 2400 Pa was applied to a solar cell module of about 1 m square (five test subjects). As a result, in the solar cell module 100 having the conventional structure, damage was confirmed in all five test symmetry. On the other hand, the solar cell module 1 having the structure shown in FIG.
　このような結果は、次の理由によって得られたものである。すなわち、本実施形態では、裏面保護材１４として、受光面保護材１１として用いたガラス板よりも一回り大きく、且つ荷重に対する変位量が小さい強化ガラスを用いている。また、本実施形態では、裏面保護材１４のみを枠体１５で把持している。その結果、荷重に対する太陽電池モジュール１全体の変位量を小さくできたため、太陽電池モジュール１の破損を抑制することができた。 Such a result was obtained for the following reason. In other words, in the present embodiment, tempered glass that is slightly larger than the glass plate used as the light-receiving surface protective material 11 and has a small displacement with respect to the load is used as the back surface protective material 14. In the present embodiment, only the back surface protective material 14 is held by the frame body 15. As a result, since the amount of displacement of the entire solar cell module 1 with respect to the load could be reduced, damage to the solar cell module 1 could be suppressed.
（作用・効果）
　本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール１では、裏面保護材１４の平面形状は、受光面保護材１１の平面形状よりも大きい。 (Action / Effect)
In the solar cell module 1 according to this embodiment, the planar shape of the back surface protective material 14 is larger than the planar shape of the light receiving surface protective material 11.
　従って、枠体１５に裏面保護材１４の端部を把持させることによって、太陽電池モジュール１を支持することができる。そのため、太陽電池モジュール１が撓んだ場合において、受光面保護材１１の端部と枠体１５とが接触することによって生じる受光面保護材１１の破損を抑制できる。 Therefore, the solar cell module 1 can be supported by causing the frame 15 to grip the end portion of the back surface protective material 14. Therefore, when the solar cell module 1 bends, damage to the light receiving surface protective material 11 caused by contact between the end of the light receiving surface protective material 11 and the frame 15 can be suppressed.
　また、太陽電池モジュール１を枠体１５に取付けずに運搬する場合において、受光面保護材１１の端部が衝撃を受けることによって破損することを抑制できる。 Further, when the solar cell module 1 is transported without being attached to the frame body 15, it is possible to suppress the end portion of the light receiving surface protection member 11 from being damaged by receiving an impact.
　また、枠体１５に受光面保護材１１と裏面保護材１４とを把持させる場合に比べて、平面形状の小さな受光面保護材１１を用いることができる。そのため、太陽電池モジュール１の製造コストを低減することができる。一般的に、透明電極（ＳｎＯ２層）が形成されたガラス板は高価であるため、受光面保護材１１の平面形状を小さくできることは特に効果的である。 Further, the light-receiving surface protection material 11 having a small planar shape can be used as compared with the case where the light-receiving surface protection material 11 and the back surface protection material 14 are gripped by the frame 15. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced. In general, since a glass plate on which a transparent electrode (SnO 2 layer) is formed is expensive, it is particularly effective to reduce the planar shape of the light-receiving surface protection material 11.
　また、本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール１では、裏面保護材１４の外部からの荷重に対する変位量は、受光面保護材１１よりも小さい。すなわち、受光面保護材１１の外部からの荷重に対する変位量を、裏面保護材１４の外部からの荷重に対する変位量に抑えることができる。従って、受光面保護材１１の厚みを小さくできるため、太陽電池モジュール１の製造コストを低減することができる。また、枠体１５に裏面保護材１４の端部を把持させた場合において、裏面保護材１４の端部と枠体１５とが接触することによって生じる裏面保護材１４の破損を抑制できる。 Further, in the solar cell module 1 according to the present embodiment, the displacement amount of the back surface protective material 14 with respect to the load from the outside is smaller than that of the light receiving surface protective material 11. That is, the displacement amount with respect to the load from the outside of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 can be suppressed to the displacement amount with respect to the load from the outside of the back surface protection material 14. Therefore, since the thickness of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced. Moreover, when the edge part of the back surface protection material 14 is made to hold | grip to the frame 15, the damage of the back surface protection material 14 which arises when the edge part of the back surface protection material 14 and the frame 15 contact can be suppressed.
　また、本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール１では、裏面保護材１４の耐衝撃強度は、受光面保護材１１よりも大きい。従って、太陽電池モジュール１を枠体１５に取付けずに運搬する場合において、裏面保護材１４の端部が衝撃を受けることによって破損することを抑制できる。また、裏面保護材１４の強度が相対的に大きければ、枠体１５の強度を相対的に小さくしても、裏面保護材１４と枠体１５との複合体の強度は維持される。従って、枠体１５の強度を小さくする、すなわち、枠体１５を簡易な構成にできるため、太陽電池モジュール１の製造コストを低減することができる。 Moreover, in the solar cell module 1 according to this embodiment, the impact resistance strength of the back surface protective material 14 is larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material 11. Accordingly, when the solar cell module 1 is transported without being attached to the frame body 15, it is possible to prevent the end portion of the back surface protection member 14 from being damaged by receiving an impact. Further, if the strength of the back surface protective material 14 is relatively high, the strength of the composite of the back surface protective material 14 and the frame body 15 is maintained even if the strength of the frame body 15 is relatively small. Therefore, the strength of the frame body 15 can be reduced, that is, the frame body 15 can have a simple configuration, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced.
　また、本実施形態では、裏面保護材１４は、透光性を有するガラス部材である。従って、複数の太陽電池セル（太陽電池層１２）として、いわゆる両面受光型の太陽電池セルを用いることができる。 Moreover, in this embodiment, the back surface protection material 14 is a glass member which has translucency. Therefore, a so-called double-sided light receiving solar cell can be used as the plurality of solar cells (solar cell layer 12).
　また、本実施形態では、受光面保護材１１の平面形状は、枠体１５の内寸よりも小さい。従って、受光面保護材上に形成される太陽電池層１２の端部は、枠体１５の内側に入り込まない。そのため、太陽電池層１２略全面を利用して発電することができる。従って、太陽電池層１２の端部が枠体１５の内側に入り込まされる場合に比べて、太陽電池層１２の利用効率を向上することができる。 In the present embodiment, the planar shape of the light-receiving surface protection member 11 is smaller than the inner dimension of the frame body 15. Therefore, the end portion of the solar cell layer 12 formed on the light receiving surface protective material does not enter the inside of the frame body 15. Therefore, it is possible to generate power using substantially the entire surface of the solar cell layer 12. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of the solar cell layer 12 can be improved as compared with the case where the end portion of the solar cell layer 12 enters the inside of the frame 15.
（第２実施形態）
　次に、本発明の第２実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。 (Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図７に示す太陽電池モジュール２では、１辺の長さが受光面保護材１１よりも大きい青板（ソーダライム）強化ガラスを裏面保護材１４として備える。太陽電池モジュール２は、裏面保護材１４上に、ＥＶＡ等の充填材１３と、太陽電池層１２が形成された受光面保護材１１とが順に積層され、ラミネータにより一体化されている。更に、枠体１５が、接着材１６を介して、裏面保護材１４の端部を把持している。太陽電池モジュール２では、受光面保護材１１と枠体１５との間に封止材１７が充填される。封止材１７は、受光面保護材１１の端部を覆っている。 In the solar cell module 2 shown in FIG. 7, a blue plate (soda lime) tempered glass whose one side is longer than the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is provided as the back surface protection material 14. In the solar cell module 2, a filler 13 such as EVA and a light-receiving surface protective material 11 on which a solar cell layer 12 is formed are sequentially laminated on a back surface protective material 14 and integrated by a laminator. Further, the frame body 15 holds the end portion of the back surface protective material 14 through the adhesive material 16. In the solar cell module 2, the sealing material 17 is filled between the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the frame body 15. The sealing material 17 covers the end of the light receiving surface protection material 11.
　ここで、受光面保護材１１の端部とは、少なくとも、受光面保護材１１の受光面側の主面１１ａの端部と、主面１１ａに連なる端面１１ｂと、主面１１ａと端面１１ｂとの間の角部１１ｃとを含む。 Here, the end portion of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is at least the end portion of the main surface 11a on the light-receiving surface side of the light-receiving surface protection material 11, the end surface 11b continuous to the main surface 11a, the main surface 11a, and the end surface 11b. And the corner 11c between the two.
　図８は、太陽電池モジュール２を受光面保護材１１の主面１１ａ側からみた平面図を示す。図８に示すように、受光面保護材１１の端部１１ｃは、枠体１５の内側において、封止材１７によって覆われている。従って、受光面保護材１１は、主面１１ａの外周から受光面保護材１１の中央部分に向かって所定幅だけ内側の領域Ｓが封止材１７で覆われている。但し、この場合、封止材１７は、受光面側からみて太陽電池層１２に重ならないことが好ましい。 FIG. 8 is a plan view of the solar cell module 2 as viewed from the main surface 11a side of the light-receiving surface protection material 11. FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the end portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with a sealing material 17 inside the frame body 15. Therefore, in the light receiving surface protection material 11, the region S on the inner side by a predetermined width from the outer periphery of the main surface 11 a toward the central portion of the light reception surface protection material 11 is covered with the sealing material 17. However, in this case, it is preferable that the sealing material 17 does not overlap the solar cell layer 12 when viewed from the light receiving surface side.
　充填材１３，接着材１６，封止材１７としては、上述した樹脂材料を用いることができる。接着材１６と封止材１７とに同一材料を用いてもよい。 As the filler 13, the adhesive 16, and the sealing material 17, the resin materials described above can be used. The same material may be used for the adhesive 16 and the sealing material 17.
　ここで、例えば、充填材１３にＥＶＡ等の気体透過性の高い材料を用いた場合には、封止材１７として、上述した樹脂材料のなかでも相対的に気体透過性が低いブチルゴムを選択することが好ましい。ＥＶＡを外部環境に露出しないようにすることにより、水分等の侵入を防止する効果を高めることができる。 Here, for example, when a material having high gas permeability such as EVA is used for the filler 13, butyl rubber having relatively low gas permeability is selected as the sealing material 17 among the above-described resin materials. It is preferable. By preventing the EVA from being exposed to the external environment, the effect of preventing intrusion of moisture and the like can be enhanced.
（作用・効果）
　本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール２では、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃが封止材１７によって覆われている。すなわち、ダメージを受けやすい受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃは樹脂材料によって保護されている。そのため、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃに衝撃が加わることによって角部１１ｃが破損することをさらに抑制することができる。 (Action / Effect)
In the solar cell module 2 according to this embodiment, the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with the sealing material 17. That is, the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11 that is easily damaged is protected by the resin material. For this reason, it is possible to further prevent the corner portion 11c from being damaged by an impact applied to the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11.
（第２実施形態の変形例）
　次に、第２実施形態の変形例について図面を参照しながら説明する。 (Modification of the second embodiment)
Next, a modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図９に示す太陽電池モジュール３では、受光面保護材１１の端面１１ｂと充填材１３の端面１３ｂとが封止材１７で保護されている。また、枠体１５に裏面保護材１４を接着するための接着材１６が、受光面保護材１４の端部１１ｃを覆っている。すなわち、太陽電池モジュール３では、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃは接着剤１６によって覆われている。図７，図８に示す太陽電池モジュール２と同様、領域Ｓ（図８参照）を覆う接着材１６は、太陽電池層１２に重ならないことが好ましい。 In the solar cell module 3 shown in FIG. 9, the end surface 11 b of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 and the end surface 13 b of the filler 13 are protected by the sealing material 17. Further, an adhesive 16 for bonding the back surface protective material 14 to the frame 15 covers the end portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protective material 14. That is, in the solar cell module 3, the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with the adhesive 16. Similar to the solar cell module 2 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the adhesive 16 covering the region S (see FIG. 8) preferably does not overlap the solar cell layer 12.
　充填材１３，接着材１６，封止材１７としては、上述した樹脂材料を用いることができる。接着材１６と封止材１７とに同一材料を用いてもよい。 As the filler 13, the adhesive 16, and the sealing material 17, the resin materials described above can be used. The same material may be used for the adhesive 16 and the sealing material 17.
（作用・効果）
　本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール３では、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃが接着剤１６によって覆われている。すなわち、ダメージを受けやすい受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃは樹脂材料によって保護されている。そのため、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃに衝撃が加わることによって角部１１ｃが破損することをさらに抑制することができる。 (Action / Effect)
In the solar cell module 3 according to this embodiment, the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is covered with the adhesive 16. That is, the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11 that is easily damaged is protected by the resin material. For this reason, it is possible to further prevent the corner portion 11c from being damaged by an impact applied to the corner portion 11c of the light receiving surface protection member 11.
（第３実施形態）
　図１０に示す太陽電池モジュール４では、枠体１５が受光面保護材１１の端部を保護する保護部１５ａを有している点が特徴である。但し、枠体１５は、裏面保護材１４を把持する構造となっており、保護部１５ａは、受光面保護材１１を実質的には把持していない。受光面保護材１１と枠体１５との間には、封止材１７が充填される。封止材１７は、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃを覆っている。 (Third embodiment)
The solar cell module 4 shown in FIG. 10 is characterized in that the frame body 15 includes a protection portion 15 a that protects the end portion of the light-receiving surface protection material 11. However, the frame 15 has a structure for gripping the back surface protection material 14, and the protection portion 15 a does not substantially grip the light receiving surface protection material 11. A sealing material 17 is filled between the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the frame body 15. The sealing material 17 covers the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11.
　ここで、枠体１５の保護部１５ａは、受光面保護材１１の受光面側からみて、太陽電池層１２に重ならないことが好ましい。 Here, it is preferable that the protection portion 15a of the frame body 15 does not overlap the solar cell layer 12 when viewed from the light receiving surface side of the light receiving surface protection material 11.
　充填材１３，接着材１６，封止材１７としては、上述した樹脂材料を用いることができる。接着材１６と封止材１７とに同一材料を用いてもよい。 As the filler 13, the adhesive 16, and the sealing material 17, the resin materials described above can be used. The same material may be used for the adhesive 16 and the sealing material 17.
（作用・効果）
　本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール４では、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃは、枠体１５に設けられた保護部１５ａによって保護されている。また、角部１１ｃは、封止材１７によって覆われている。このように、受光面保護材１１の角部１１ｃは、保護部１５ａ及び封止材１７によって保護されているため、衝撃が加わることによって角部１１ｃが破損することをさらに抑制することができる。 (Action / Effect)
In the solar cell module 4 according to the present embodiment, the corner portion 11 c of the light receiving surface protection material 11 is protected by a protection portion 15 a provided on the frame body 15. Further, the corner portion 11 c is covered with the sealing material 17. Thus, since the corner | angular part 11c of the light-receiving surface protection material 11 is protected by the protection part 15a and the sealing material 17, it can further suppress that the corner | angular part 11c is damaged by an impact.
（第３実施形態の変形例）
　図１０に示す太陽電池モジュール４では、図７に示した太陽電池モジュール２の構造に基づいて説明したが、図９に示す太陽電池モジュール３に準ずる構造とすることもできる。具体的には、受光面保護材１１の端面１１ｂと充填材１３の端面１３ｂとが、封止材１７で保護されていてもよい。また、裏面保護材１４を把持する枠体１５を固定するための接着材１６が、枠体１５の保護部１５ａと受光面保護材１４の外縁部との間を埋めていてもよい。 (Modification of the third embodiment)
The solar cell module 4 illustrated in FIG. 10 has been described based on the structure of the solar cell module 2 illustrated in FIG. 7, but may have a structure similar to the solar cell module 3 illustrated in FIG. 9. Specifically, the end surface 11 b of the light receiving surface protection material 11 and the end surface 13 b of the filler 13 may be protected by the sealing material 17. In addition, an adhesive 16 for fixing the frame body 15 that holds the back surface protection material 14 may fill a space between the protection portion 15 a of the frame body 15 and the outer edge portion of the light receiving surface protection material 14.
（その他の実施形態）
　以上説明した実施形態では、受光面保護材１１として青板ガラスを用い、裏面保護材１４として青板強化ガラスを用いたが、本発明は、この構成に限定されるものではない。 (Other embodiments)
In the embodiment described above, blue plate glass is used as the light-receiving surface protection material 11 and blue plate tempered glass is used as the back surface protection material 14, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
　例えば、本発明では、受光面保護材１１よりも強度の高い材料であれば、裏面保護材１４として適用可能である。強度の評価は、例えば、ＩＥＣ　６１２１５　１０．１７に規定されている降雹試験により求められる衝撃強度によって行うことができる。例えば、受光面保護材１１として青板ガラスを用いる場合には、裏面保護材には、ＳＵＳ板等の金属板、繊維強化プラスチック等を用いることができる。 For example, in the present invention, any material having higher strength than the light-receiving surface protective material 11 can be applied as the back surface protective material 14. The strength can be evaluated by, for example, an impact strength obtained by a descending test defined in IEC 61215 10.17. For example, when blue plate glass is used as the light-receiving surface protection material 11, a metal plate such as a SUS plate, fiber reinforced plastic, or the like can be used as the back surface protection material.
　また、本発明においては、裏面保護材１４として受光面保護材１１よりも荷重に対する変位量が小さい材料であれば、本実施形態に限定されることなく使用することができる。例えば、ＳＵＳ板等の金属板、繊維強化プラスチック等を裏面保護材１４として用いることができる。また、リブを加えることなどにより、変位量を抑制し得る構造を有するプラスチック等も裏面保護材１４として適用可能である。 In the present invention, any material can be used without being limited to the present embodiment as long as the back surface protection material 14 has a smaller displacement with respect to the load than the light receiving surface protection material 11. For example, a metal plate such as a SUS plate, fiber reinforced plastic, or the like can be used as the back surface protective material 14. Further, a plastic having a structure capable of suppressing the amount of displacement by adding a rib or the like is also applicable as the back surface protective material 14.
　また、本発明は、薄膜太陽電池を用いたものに限らず、単結晶シリコンウエハを用いた太陽電池、多結晶シリコンウエハを用いた太陽電池など、種々の太陽電池を用いて構成される太陽電池モジュールに適用することができる。 In addition, the present invention is not limited to the one using a thin film solar cell, but a solar cell configured using various solar cells such as a solar cell using a single crystal silicon wafer and a solar cell using a polycrystalline silicon wafer. Can be applied to modules.
　なお、日本国特許出願第200７-112266号（2007年4月20日出願）及び日本国特許出願第200７-228151号（2007年9月3日出願）の全内容が、参照により、本願明細書に組み込まれている。 The entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-112266 (filed on April 20, 2007) and Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-228151 (filed on September 3, 2007) are incorporated herein by reference. Built in.
産業上の利用の可能性Industrial applicability
以上のように、本発明によると、破損の発生を抑制できる太陽電池モジュールを提供することができるため、太陽光発電分野において有用である。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a solar cell module capable of suppressing the occurrence of breakage, which is useful in the photovoltaic power generation field.

Claims (6)

  1. 　受光面と、前記受光面の反対側に設けられた裏面とを有する透光性の受光面保護材と、
    　前記受光面保護材の前記裏面側に配置される裏面保護材と、
    　前記受光面保護材と前記裏面保護材との間に封止された複数の太陽電池セルと
    を備え、
    　前記裏面保護材は、平面形状が前記受光面保護材よりも大きく、外部からの荷重に対する変位量が前記受光面保護材の変位量よりも小であることを特徴とする太陽電池モジュール。     A light-transmitting light-receiving surface protective material having a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface;
    A back surface protective material disposed on the back surface side of the light receiving surface protective material;
    A plurality of solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective material and the back surface protective material;
    The back surface protective material has a planar shape larger than that of the light receiving surface protective material, and a displacement amount with respect to an external load is smaller than a displacement amount of the light receiving surface protective material.
  2. 　受光面と、前記受光面の反対側に設けられた裏面とを有する透光性の受光面保護材と、
    　前記受光面保護材の前記裏面側に配置される裏面保護材と、
    　前記受光面保護材と前記裏面保護材との間に封止された複数の太陽電池セルと
    を備え、
    　前記裏面保護材は、平面形状が前記受光面保護材よりも大きく、且つ前記受光面保護材より大きい耐衝撃強度を有することを特徴とする太陽電池モジュール。     A light-transmitting light-receiving surface protective material having a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface;
    A back surface protective material disposed on the back surface side of the light receiving surface protective material;
    A plurality of solar cells sealed between the light receiving surface protective material and the back surface protective material;
    The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the back surface protective material has a larger planar shape than the light receiving surface protective material and an impact resistance strength greater than that of the light receiving surface protective material.
  3. 　前記裏面保護材は、ガラスであることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 The solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the back surface protective material is glass.
  4. 　前記受光面保護材の前記受光面に略平行な投影面上において、前記裏面保護材のうち前記受光面保護材と重ならない部分は、枠体によって把持されることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 The portion of the back surface protection material that does not overlap the light reception surface protection material on the projection surface substantially parallel to the light reception surface of the light reception surface protection material is gripped by a frame. The solar cell module according to claim 2.
  5. 　前記受光面保護材は、前記枠体の内寸よりも小であることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 The solar cell module according to claim 4, wherein the light-receiving surface protective material is smaller than an inner dimension of the frame body.
  6. 　前記受光面保護材の前記受光面と前記受光面に連なる端面との間の角部が樹脂材料によって覆われていることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein a corner portion between the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface protective material and an end surface connected to the light receiving surface is covered with a resin material.
PCT/JP2008/056919 2007-04-20 2008-04-08 Solar cell module WO2008132989A1 (en)

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JP2007112266 2007-04-20
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