WO2008129512A1 - Transepithelial spacing device for tooth implants - Google Patents

Transepithelial spacing device for tooth implants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008129512A1
WO2008129512A1 PCT/IB2008/051554 IB2008051554W WO2008129512A1 WO 2008129512 A1 WO2008129512 A1 WO 2008129512A1 IB 2008051554 W IB2008051554 W IB 2008051554W WO 2008129512 A1 WO2008129512 A1 WO 2008129512A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dental prosthesis
dental
transepithelial
rotation
prosthesis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/051554
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xavier Cami Gorriz
Andres Mur Gomez
Josep Serra Prat
Original Assignee
Avinent Implant System, S. L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avinent Implant System, S. L. filed Critical Avinent Implant System, S. L.
Publication of WO2008129512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008129512A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0066—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with positioning means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0068—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with an additional screw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transepithelial separator device for dental implants.
  • transepithelial separator devices are common in those cases where a dental implant placed on a patient has become very subgingival, that is, under the gum. In these cases it is not convenient to attach the dental prosthesis directly on the upper platform of the implant since said prosthesis would be very buried in the gum, being very difficult hygiene and subsequent maintenance of the prosthesis by both the patient and the clinician.
  • the known transepithelial separating devices therefore have the function of generating a vertical space in the area of the gum located on the previously placed dental implant, in order to save the height of the gum, that is, to raise the prosthetic connection base of so that it is located above the gum.
  • transepithelial separating devices of this type whose geometry can vary but which in all cases comprises a pillar, whose base is attached to a dental implant, and whose upper area is attached to a dental prosthesis on which it is coupled a dental prosthesis.
  • the base of the abutment is fixed to the implant platform by means of joining means, such as a screw, so that said abutment emerges from the implant platform in order to overcome the space transepithelial, the height of said abutment can vary depending on the height of the gum, from 0.2 mm to 8 mm.
  • the upper area of the abutment allows the dental prosthesis to be positioned and therefore has a basically conical geometry with a sufficient supporting surface to seat said dental prosthesis. It also has joining means, such as a screw, to fix the dental prosthesis to this upper area.
  • said upper area may have a straight or angled shape in order to correct, if necessary, the natural output axis of the implant, and thus guarantee a wide variety of solutions for all cases of dental rehabilitation.
  • the objective of the transepithelial separator device of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks of the devices known in the art, providing a device that allows both single and multiple dental implant restorations, without causing unwanted rotational movements between the transepithelial separators and the corresponding dental prostheses, thus allowing their manufacture in cases that should be performed unit prostheses.
  • the transepithelial separator device of the present invention is of the type comprising a pillar, whose base is joined by means of fixation to a dental implant, and whose upper area is connected by means of fixation to a dental prosthesis, and including said zone upper a support surface substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis and a contact surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis, and is characterized by the fact that said upper area includes suitable anti-rotational means to prevent rotation of the dental prosthesis with regarding the pillar.
  • said separating device allows the fitting, antitouch and reproducible position of the dental prosthesis with respect to the abutment during its preparation and placement.
  • the anti-rotational means define a suitable geometry practiced in said contact surface, capable of fitting with a complementary geometry practiced in the corresponding contact area with the inner part of the dental prosthesis, so that a good support surface is guaranteed between the abutment and the dental prosthesis, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface with said dental prosthesis.
  • the geometry of said contact surface comprises a cylindrical surface that has a series of curved-concave recesses substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis.
  • other geometries such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., can also be used, provided that they allow obtaining said anti-rotational effect.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of an assembly formed by a transepithelial separator device of straight configuration, according to a first embodiment of the invention, coupled to a dental implant and a dental prosthesis
  • Figure 2 is a section of the assembly according to line II-II of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the transepithelial abutment and the corresponding screw for attachment to the implant illustrated in Figure 2
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged plan view of the transepithelial abutment and said screw illustrated in Figure 2
  • Figure 5 is a front elevation view of an assembly formed by an angled configuration transepithelial separator device, according to a second embodiment of the invention, coupled to a dental implant and a dental prosthesis
  • Figure 6 is a side elevation view of the assembly of Figure 5
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 4.
  • the transepithelial separator device 1 comprises a pillar 2, whose base 3 is attached to a dental implant 4, and whose upper zone 5 is connected to a prosthetic aditution 6 for the subsequent preparation of a dental prosthesis (not shown).
  • aditamiento and the prosthesis with the same numerical reference 6.
  • Said upper zone 5 in contact with the prosthetic fitting 6 has a conical geometry, whose function is to facilitate the placement of the dental prosthesis. A range of angles between 30 ° and 50 ° is considered adequate.
  • said prosthetic fitting 6 includes a retentive external surface to improve the union of the different elements that will be used during the fabrication of the dental prosthesis.
  • the base 3 of the pillar 2 must have the possibility of having different heights to overcome the gingival or transepithelial space, since each patient is a particular case. In this way, it is guaranteed that the dental prosthesis once placed does not have the point of attachment of the prosthesis and the subgingival abutment below the gum.
  • the abutment 2 is of straight configuration, ie the axis of the abutment 2 and the axis of the implant 4 are aligned.
  • the height range of straight pillars 2 is generally between 0.2 mm and 8 mm.
  • connection between the abutment 2 and the implant 4 is carried out by means of a first screw 7, which crosses the abutment 2 and penetrates into an internal thread of the implant 4.
  • the head 8 of said first screw 7 includes a fin perimeter 9 intended to be supported on the upper surface of the pillar 2.
  • the head 8 of the first screw 7 includes an internal thread intended to accommodate a second screw 10, which is intended to join the abutment 2 with the dental prosthesis 6.
  • Said upper area 5 of the pillar 2 comprises a support surface 5a substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis 6 and a contact surface 5b substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis 6.
  • Said contact surface 5b includes a suitable geometry to prevent the rotation of said dental prosthesis 9 around the pillar 2, in case of loosening the second screw 10 over time due to the force of the chewing.
  • the walls of the dental prosthesis 6 in contact with the contact surface 5b have a complementary geometry. In this way, it is possible to optimize said anti-rotational effect, guaranteeing a good support surface 5a between the pillar 2 and the dental prosthesis 6, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface 5b with the dental prosthesis 6. Unlike the devices existing separators, it is tried to achieve the maximum level of emergency taking advantage of all the available height in the base of the pillar 2.
  • a preferred embodiment of the anti-rotational geometry of the contact surface 5b defined in this case by a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses 11 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the prosthesis, is shown.
  • dental 6. It should be noted that others can be used geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., provided that they allow obtaining said anti-rotational effect.
  • FIG. 5 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 5 to 9.
  • the transepithelial separator device comprises the same elements according to references 3 to 11 of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that the abutment 2a presents an angulation, its axis inclined at a certain angle with respect to the axis of the implant 4, in order to correct the natural exit axis of the implant 4 once it has been implanted in the bone .
  • the range of angled pillar heights 2a is generally between 1 mm and 6 mm.
  • the second screw 10 is no longer coupled within the head of the first screw 6 as it was in the first embodiment, but is coupled in an internal thread of the pillar 2a.
  • angled abutments 2a its conical geometry is emphasized above all in cases of implants placed with a high degree of divergence.
  • the appropriate range of angles is between 10 ° and 50 °.
  • a preferred embodiment of the anti-rotational geometry of the contact surface 5b which is also defined by a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses 11 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the prosthesis, is shown in Figures 8 and 9. dental 6.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Abstract

Transepithelial spacing device for tooth implants which comprises a column (2) whose base (3) is anchored by fastening means (6) to a tooth implant (4), and whose upper zone (5) is anchored by fastening means (10) to a dental prosthesis (6), said upper zone (5) including a supporting surface (5a) substantially perpendicular to axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) and a contact surface (5b) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6). It is characterised in that said upper zone (5) includes suitable antirotational means for preventing rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) in relation to the column (2). It permits the carrying out of unitary and multiple dental implant rehabilitations without undesired rotatory movements arising between the spacing device and the dental prosthesis.

Description

DISPOSITIVO SEPARADOR TRANSEPITELIAL PARA IMPLANTES TRANSEPITELIAL SEPARATOR DEVICE FOR IMPLANTS
DENTALESDENTAL
La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo separador transepitelial para implantes dentales .The present invention relates to a transepithelial separator device for dental implants.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
La utilización de dispositivos separadores transepiteliales es habitual en aquellos casos en que un implante dental colocado a un paciente ha quedado muy subgingival, es decir debajo de la encía. En estos casos no es conveniente acoplar la prótesis dental directamente sobre la plataforma superior del implante puesto que dicha prótesis quedaría muy enterrada en la encía, siendo muy difícil la higiene y el posterior mantenimiento de la prótesis tanto por parte del paciente como del clínico.The use of transepithelial separator devices is common in those cases where a dental implant placed on a patient has become very subgingival, that is, under the gum. In these cases it is not convenient to attach the dental prosthesis directly on the upper platform of the implant since said prosthesis would be very buried in the gum, being very difficult hygiene and subsequent maintenance of the prosthesis by both the patient and the clinician.
Los dispositivos separadores transepiteliales conocidos tienen por tanto la función de generar un espacio vertical en la zona de la encía situada sobre el implante dental previamente colocado, con el fin de salvar la altura de la encía, es decir, elevar la base de conexión protésica de modo que ésta se situé por encima de la encía. Existen patentes, tales como las patentes USThe known transepithelial separating devices therefore have the function of generating a vertical space in the area of the gum located on the previously placed dental implant, in order to save the height of the gum, that is, to raise the prosthetic connection base of so that it is located above the gum. There are patents, such as US patents
5069622 y US 5662474, que describen dispositivos separadores transepiteliales de este tipo cuya geometría puede variar pero que en todos los casos comprende un pilar, cuya base está unida a un implante dental, y cuya zona superior está unida a una prótesis dental sobre la cual está acoplada una prótesis dental.5069622 and US 5662474, which describe transepithelial separating devices of this type whose geometry can vary but which in all cases comprises a pillar, whose base is attached to a dental implant, and whose upper area is attached to a dental prosthesis on which it is coupled a dental prosthesis.
La base del pilar está fijada a la plataforma del implante mediante unos medios de unión, tales como un tornillo, de modo que dicho pilar emerge desde la plataforma del implante con el fin de superar el espacio transepitelial, pudiendo variar la altura de dicho pilar en función de la altura de la encía, desde 0.2 mm a 8 mm.The base of the abutment is fixed to the implant platform by means of joining means, such as a screw, so that said abutment emerges from the implant platform in order to overcome the space transepithelial, the height of said abutment can vary depending on the height of the gum, from 0.2 mm to 8 mm.
La zona superior del pilar permite posicionar la prótesis dental y por tanto dispone de una geometría básicamente cónica con una superficie de apoyo suficiente para asentar dicha prótesis dental. También dispone de medios de unión, tales como un tornillo, para fijar la prótesis dental a esta zona superior. Además, dicha zona superior puede presentar una forma recta o angulada con el fin de poder corregir, si es necesario, el eje de salida natural del implante, y garantizar, por tanto, una amplia variedad de soluciones para todos los casos de rehabilitación dental.The upper area of the abutment allows the dental prosthesis to be positioned and therefore has a basically conical geometry with a sufficient supporting surface to seat said dental prosthesis. It also has joining means, such as a screw, to fix the dental prosthesis to this upper area. In addition, said upper area may have a straight or angled shape in order to correct, if necessary, the natural output axis of the implant, and thus guarantee a wide variety of solutions for all cases of dental rehabilitation.
Se entiende por emergencia la distancia y la angulación que existe entre la base de apoyo del pilar con el implante y el encaje superior del pilar donde se apoya la prótesis dental. Esta zona de emergencia es esencial para conformar el tejido blando, entrando en contacto íntimo con la encía. No obstante, dichos dispositivos separadores transepiteliales presentan el inconveniente de que en la actualidad están diseñados sin ningún mecanismo antirotacional entre estos y la prótesis, que estará fijada mediante un sistema de anclaje, tal como un tornillo. Esto puede conllevar a que con el paso del tiempo estas prótesis puedan llegar a aflojarse, principalmente, a causa de la fuerza de masticación. Por tanto, el posicionamiento de la prótesis dental deberá depender siempre de la existencia minina de dos puntos de fijación, es decir, es necesario realizar como mínimo una rehabilitación de dos piezas, pudiéndose realizar prótesis a partir de un puente. En consecuencia, el buen funcionamiento de los dispositivos actuales queda limitado únicamente para una solución de rehabilitaciones dentales múltiples. En caso de rehabilitaciones unitarias, si se desea utilizar los dispositivos existentes solamente es posible garantizar el posicionamiento de la prótesis gracias a la fuerza de torque del tornillo de fijación. Cabe destacar que esta solución nunca es permanente ya que, con la fuerza masticatoria, tanto los separadores transepiteliales como dichas prótesis dentales tienden a aflojarse a lo largo del tiempo, y por tanto resulta un inconveniente claro tanto para el profesional como para el paciente final. El principal problema, por tanto, reside en la imposibilidad de utilizar este dispositivo separador transepitelial para prótesis unitarias, ya que de ningún modo se garantiza un posicionamiento duradero de la prótesis de manera continuada a lo largo del tiempo, y por tanto existe un claro riesgo de rotación del conjunto separador transepitelial y de la prótesis dental.Emergency is understood as the distance and angulation that exists between the support base of the abutment with the implant and the upper fit of the abutment where the dental prosthesis rests. This emergency zone is essential to form the soft tissue, coming into intimate contact with the gum. However, said transepithelial separator devices have the drawback that they are currently designed without any anti-rotational mechanism between them and the prosthesis, which will be fixed by an anchoring system, such as a screw. This can lead to the fact that over time these prostheses may become loose, mainly due to the force of chewing. Therefore, the positioning of the dental prosthesis must always depend on the existence of two fixation points, that is, it is necessary to perform at least a two-piece rehabilitation, and prostheses can be made from a bridge. Consequently, the proper functioning of current devices is limited only to a multiple dental rehabilitation solution. In case of unit rehabilitation, if If you want to use existing devices, it is only possible to guarantee the positioning of the prosthesis thanks to the torque force of the fixing screw. It should be noted that this solution is never permanent since, with the chewing force, both transepithelial separators and such dentures tend to loosen over time, and therefore it is a clear inconvenience for both the professional and the final patient. The main problem, therefore, lies in the impossibility of using this transepithelial separator device for unitary prostheses, since in no way a lasting positioning of the prosthesis is guaranteed continuously over time, and therefore there is a clear risk of rotation of the transepithelial separator assembly and of the dental prosthesis.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El objetivo del dispositivo separador transepitelial de la presente invención es solventar los inconvenientes que presentan los dispositivos conocidos en la técnica, proporcionando un dispositivo que permite realizar tanto rehabilitaciones unitarias como múltiples de implantes dentales, sin que se produzcan movimientos rotatorios indeseados entre los separadores transepiteliales y las correspondientes prótesis dentales, permitiendo asi su fabricación en los casos que se deban realizar prótesis unitarias. El dispositivo separador transepitelial de la presente invención es del tipo que comprende un pilar, cuya base está unida mediante unos medios de fijación a un implante dental, y cuya zona superior está unida mediante unos medios de fijación a una prótesis dental, e incluyendo dicha zona superior una superficie de apoyo sensiblemente perpendicular al eje de giro de la prótesis dental y una superficie de contacto sensiblemente paralela al eje de giro de la prótesis dental, y se caracteriza por el hecho de que dicha zona superior incluye medios antirotacionales adecuados para evitar la rotación de la prótesis dental con respecto al pilar. De este modo, dicho dispositivo separador permite el encaje, antitorque y posición reproducible de la prótesis dental respecto al pilar durante su confección y su colocación. Gracias a dichos medios antirotacionales dispuestos en la zona superior del pilar se evita cualquier giro indeseado de la prótesis dental al fijarla al pilar, y en consecuencia, es posible realizar rehabilitaciones unitarias sin riesgo de que dicha prótesis se afloje a lo largo del tiempo a causa de la fuerza de la masticación.The objective of the transepithelial separator device of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks of the devices known in the art, providing a device that allows both single and multiple dental implant restorations, without causing unwanted rotational movements between the transepithelial separators and the corresponding dental prostheses, thus allowing their manufacture in cases that should be performed unit prostheses. The transepithelial separator device of the present invention is of the type comprising a pillar, whose base is joined by means of fixation to a dental implant, and whose upper area is connected by means of fixation to a dental prosthesis, and including said zone upper a support surface substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis and a contact surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis, and is characterized by the fact that said upper area includes suitable anti-rotational means to prevent rotation of the dental prosthesis with regarding the pillar. In this way, said separating device allows the fitting, antitouch and reproducible position of the dental prosthesis with respect to the abutment during its preparation and placement. Thanks to said anti-rotational means arranged in the upper area of the abutment, any unwanted rotation of the dental prosthesis is avoided when fixing it to the abutment, and consequently, it is possible to perform unit rehabilitations without the risk of said prosthesis becoming loose over time because of the strength of chewing.
Ventajosamente, los medios antirotacionales definen una geometría adecuada practicada en dicha superficie de contacto, susceptible de encajar con una geometría complementaria practicada en la correspondiente zona de contacto con la parte interior de la prótesis dental, de modo que se garantiza una buena superficie de apoyo entre el pilar y la prótesis dental, asi como una altura mínima de la superficie de contacto con dicha prótesis dental. Según una realización de la presente invención, la geometría de dicha superficie de contacto comprende una superficie cilindrica que presenta una serie de rebajes curvo-cóncavos sensiblemente paralelos al eje de giro de la prótesis dental. No obstante, también pueden utilizarse otras geometrías, tales como un hexágono, un octágono, etc., siempre que permitan obtener dicho efecto antirotacional . BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSAdvantageously, the anti-rotational means define a suitable geometry practiced in said contact surface, capable of fitting with a complementary geometry practiced in the corresponding contact area with the inner part of the dental prosthesis, so that a good support surface is guaranteed between the abutment and the dental prosthesis, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface with said dental prosthesis. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the geometry of said contact surface comprises a cylindrical surface that has a series of curved-concave recesses substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis. However, other geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., can also be used, provided that they allow obtaining said anti-rotational effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Con el fin de facilitar la descripción de cuanto se ha expuesto anteriormente se adjuntan unos dibujos en los que, esquemáticamente y tan sólo a titulo de ejemplo no limitativo, se representan dos casos prácticos de realizaciones del dispositivo separador transepitelial de la invención, en los cuales: la figura 1 es una vista en alzado frontal de un conjunto formado por un dispositivo separador transepitelial de configuración recta, según una primera realización de la invención, acoplado a un implante dental y a una prótesis dental; la figura 2 es una sección del conjunto según la linea II-II de la figura 1; la figura 3 es una vista ampliada en alzado del pilar transepitelial y el correspondiente tornillo para su unión con el implante ilustrados en la figura 2; la figura 4 es una vista ampliada en planta del pilar transepitelial y dicho tornillo ilustrados en la figura 2; la figura 5 es una vista en alzado frontal de un conjunto formado por un dispositivo separador transepitelial de configuración angulada, según una segunda realización de la invención, acoplado a un implante dental y a una prótesis dental; la figura 6 es una vista en alzado lateral del conjunto de la figura 5; la figura 7 es una sección del conjunto según la linea VII-VII de la figura 5; la figura 8 es una vista ampliada en alzado del pilar transepitelial ilustrado en la figura 7; y la figura 9 es una vista ampliada en planta del pilar transepitelial ilustrado en la figura 7. DESCRIPCIÓN DE REALIZACIONES PREFERIDASIn order to facilitate the description of what has been set forth above, some drawings are attached in which, schematically and only by way of non-limiting example, two practical cases of embodiments of the transepithelial separating device of the invention are represented, in which : Figure 1 is a front elevational view of an assembly formed by a transepithelial separator device of straight configuration, according to a first embodiment of the invention, coupled to a dental implant and a dental prosthesis; Figure 2 is a section of the assembly according to line II-II of Figure 1; Figure 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the transepithelial abutment and the corresponding screw for attachment to the implant illustrated in Figure 2; Figure 4 is an enlarged plan view of the transepithelial abutment and said screw illustrated in Figure 2; Figure 5 is a front elevation view of an assembly formed by an angled configuration transepithelial separator device, according to a second embodiment of the invention, coupled to a dental implant and a dental prosthesis; Figure 6 is a side elevation view of the assembly of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a section of the assembly according to line VII-VII of Figure 5; Figure 8 is an enlarged elevational view of the transepithelial abutment illustrated in Figure 7; and Figure 9 is an enlarged plan view of the transepithelial abutment illustrated in Figure 7. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Una primera realización de la invención se muestra en las figuras 1 a 4. Tal como se puede apreciar en las figuras 1 y 2, el dispositivo separador transepitelial 1 comprende un pilar 2, cuya base 3 está unida a un implante dental 4, y cuya zona superior 5 está unida a un aditamiento protésico 6 para la confección posterior de una prótesis dental (no representada). En adelante, se hará referencia al aditamiento y a la prótesis con la misma referencia numérica 6.A first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 4. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the transepithelial separator device 1 comprises a pillar 2, whose base 3 is attached to a dental implant 4, and whose upper zone 5 is connected to a prosthetic aditution 6 for the subsequent preparation of a dental prosthesis (not shown). Hereinafter, reference will be made to the aditamiento and the prosthesis with the same numerical reference 6.
Dicha zona superior 5 en contacto con el aditamiento protésico 6 presenta una geometría cónica, cuya función es facilitar la colocación de la prótesis dental. Se considera adecuado un rango de ángulos entre 30° y 50°. Asimismo, dicho aditamiento protésico 6 incluye una superficie externa retentiva para mejorar la unión de los diferentes elementos que se usarán durante la fabricación de la prótesis dental.Said upper zone 5 in contact with the prosthetic fitting 6 has a conical geometry, whose function is to facilitate the placement of the dental prosthesis. A range of angles between 30 ° and 50 ° is considered adequate. Likewise, said prosthetic fitting 6 includes a retentive external surface to improve the union of the different elements that will be used during the fabrication of the dental prosthesis.
La base 3 del pilar 2 debe tener la posibilidad de disponer de diversas alturas para superar el espacio gingival o transepitelial, ya que cada paciente es un caso particular. De este modo, se garantiza que la prótesis dental una vez colocada no tenga el punto de unión de la prótesis y el pilar subgingival por debajo de la encía.The base 3 of the pillar 2 must have the possibility of having different heights to overcome the gingival or transepithelial space, since each patient is a particular case. In this way, it is guaranteed that the dental prosthesis once placed does not have the point of attachment of the prosthesis and the subgingival abutment below the gum.
En esta realización, el pilar 2 es de configuración recta, es decir el eje del pilar 2 y el eje del implante 4 están alineados. El rango de alturas de los pilares rectos 2 se sitúa generalmente entre 0.2 mm y 8 mm.In this embodiment, the abutment 2 is of straight configuration, ie the axis of the abutment 2 and the axis of the implant 4 are aligned. The height range of straight pillars 2 is generally between 0.2 mm and 8 mm.
La unión entre el pilar 2 y el implante 4 se lleva a cabo mediante un primer tornillo 7, que atraviesa el pilar 2 y penetra en un roscado interior del implante 4. La cabeza 8 de dicho primer tornillo 7 incluye una aleta perimetral 9 destinada a ser apoyada sobre la superficie superior del pilar 2.The connection between the abutment 2 and the implant 4 is carried out by means of a first screw 7, which crosses the abutment 2 and penetrates into an internal thread of the implant 4. The head 8 of said first screw 7 includes a fin perimeter 9 intended to be supported on the upper surface of the pillar 2.
A su vez, la cabeza 8 del primer tornillo 7 incluye un roscado interior destinado a alojar un segundo tornillo 10, el cual está previsto para unir el pilar 2 con la prótesis dental 6.In turn, the head 8 of the first screw 7 includes an internal thread intended to accommodate a second screw 10, which is intended to join the abutment 2 with the dental prosthesis 6.
Dicha zona superior 5 del pilar 2 comprende una superficie de apoyo 5a sensiblemente perpendicular al eje de giro de la prótesis dental 6 y una superficie de contacto 5b sensiblemente paralela al eje de giro de la prótesis dental 6.Said upper area 5 of the pillar 2 comprises a support surface 5a substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis 6 and a contact surface 5b substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis 6.
Dicha superficie de contacto 5b incluye una geometría adecuada para evitar la rotación de dicha prótesis dental 9 alrededor del pilar 2, en caso de aflojarse el segundo tornillo 10 a lo largo del tiempo debido a la fuerza de la masticación. De igual modo, las paredes de la prótesis dental 6 en contacto con la superficie de contacto 5b presentan una geometría complementaria . De este modo, es posible optimizar dicho efecto antirotacional, garantizando una buena superficie de apoyo 5a entre el pilar 2 y la prótesis dental 6, asi como una altura mínima de la superficie de contacto 5b con la prótesis dental 6. A diferencia de los dispositivos separadores existentes, se intenta conseguir el máximo nivel de emergencia aprovechando toda la altura disponible en la base del pilar 2.Said contact surface 5b includes a suitable geometry to prevent the rotation of said dental prosthesis 9 around the pillar 2, in case of loosening the second screw 10 over time due to the force of the chewing. Similarly, the walls of the dental prosthesis 6 in contact with the contact surface 5b have a complementary geometry. In this way, it is possible to optimize said anti-rotational effect, guaranteeing a good support surface 5a between the pillar 2 and the dental prosthesis 6, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface 5b with the dental prosthesis 6. Unlike the devices existing separators, it is tried to achieve the maximum level of emergency taking advantage of all the available height in the base of the pillar 2.
En las figuras 3 y 4 se han representado una realización preferida de la geometría antirotacional de la superficie de contacto 5b, definida en este caso por una superficie cilindrica que presenta una serie de rebajes 11 curvo-cóncavos sensiblemente paralelos al eje de giro de la prótesis dental 6. Cabe destacar que se pueden utilizar otras geometrías, tales como un hexágono, un octágono, etc., siempre que permitan obtener dicho efecto antirotacional.In figures 3 and 4 a preferred embodiment of the anti-rotational geometry of the contact surface 5b, defined in this case by a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses 11 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the prosthesis, is shown. dental 6. It should be noted that others can be used geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., provided that they allow obtaining said anti-rotational effect.
Una segunda realización de la invención se muestra en las figuras 5 a 9. Haciendo referencia a las figuras 5 a 7, el dispositivo separador transepitelial la comprende los mismos elementos según las referencias 3 a 11 de la primera realización. La diferencia se encuentra en que el pilar 2a presenta una angulación, estando su eje inclinado un determinado ángulo con respecto al eje del implante 4, con el fin de corregir el eje de salida natural del implante 4 una vez éste ha sido implantado en el hueso.A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 5 to 9. Referring to Figures 5 to 7, the transepithelial separator device comprises the same elements according to references 3 to 11 of the first embodiment. The difference is that the abutment 2a presents an angulation, its axis inclined at a certain angle with respect to the axis of the implant 4, in order to correct the natural exit axis of the implant 4 once it has been implanted in the bone .
El rango de alturas de los pilares angulados 2a se sitúa generalmente entre 1 mm y 6 mm. Por otra parte, al no estar dichos ejes alineados, el segundo tornillo 10 ya no se halla acoplado dentro de la cabeza del primer tornillo 6 como ocurría en la primera realización, sino que está acoplado en un roscado interior del pilar 2a. En el caso de pilares angulados 2a, su geometría cónica se ve enfatizada sobretodo en casos de implantes colocados con un alto grado de divergencia. Para conseguir el máximo nivel de versatilidad a la hora de corregir la angulación de los implantes colocados y dotar al sistema de la posibilidad de todo tipo de rehabilitaciones dentales, el rango de ángulos apropiado se encuentra situado entre 10° y 50°.The range of angled pillar heights 2a is generally between 1 mm and 6 mm. On the other hand, since said axes are not aligned, the second screw 10 is no longer coupled within the head of the first screw 6 as it was in the first embodiment, but is coupled in an internal thread of the pillar 2a. In the case of angled abutments 2a, its conical geometry is emphasized above all in cases of implants placed with a high degree of divergence. To achieve the highest level of versatility when correcting the angulation of the implants placed and providing the system with the possibility of all types of dental rehabilitation, the appropriate range of angles is between 10 ° and 50 °.
En las figuras 8 y 9 se han representado una realización preferida de la geometría antirotacional de la superficie de contacto 5b, que también está definida por una superficie cilindrica que presenta una serie de rebajes 11 curvo-cóncavos sensiblemente paralelos al eje de giro de la prótesis dental 6.A preferred embodiment of the anti-rotational geometry of the contact surface 5b, which is also defined by a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses 11 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the prosthesis, is shown in Figures 8 and 9. dental 6.
Asimismo, se pueden utilizar otras geometrías, tales como un hexágono, un octágono, etc., siempre que permitan obtener dicho efecto antirotacional.Also, other geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., can be used, provided that allow to obtain said anti-rotational effect.
En ambas realizaciones, gracias dicha geometría antirotacional de la zona superior 5 del pilar 2, se evita cualquier giro indeseado de la prótesis dental 6, y en consecuencia, es posible realizar rehabilitaciones unitarias sin riesgo de que dicha prótesis se afloje a lo largo del tiempo a causa de la fuerza de la masticación. In both embodiments, thanks to said anti-rotation geometry of the upper area 5 of the pillar 2, any unwanted rotation of the dental prosthesis 6 is avoided, and consequently, it is possible to perform unit rehabilitations without the risk of said prosthesis becoming loose over time. because of the force of chewing.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
1. Dispositivo separador transepitelial (1) que comprende un pilar (2), cuya base (3) está unida mediante unos medios de fijación (6) a un implante dental (4), y cuya zona superior (5) está unida mediante unos medios de fijación (10) a una prótesis dental (6), e incluyendo dicha zona superior (5) una superficie de apoyo (5a) sensiblemente perpendicular al eje de giro de la prótesis dental (6) y una superficie de contacto (5b) sensiblemente paralela al eje de giro de la prótesis dental (6), caracterizado por el hecho de que dicha zona superior (5) incluye medios antirotacionales adecuados para evitar la rotación de la prótesis dental (6) con respecto al pilar (2) .1. Transepithelial separator device (1) comprising a pillar (2), whose base (3) is connected by means of fixation (6) to a dental implant (4), and whose upper area (5) is connected by means of fixing means (10) to a dental prosthesis (6), and said upper area (5) including a support surface (5a) substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) and a contact surface (5b) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6), characterized in that said upper area (5) includes suitable anti-rotational means to prevent rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) with respect to the abutment (2).
2. Dispositivo (1), según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por el hecho de que los medios antirotacionales definen una geometría adecuada practicada en dicha superficie de contacto (5b), susceptible de encajar con una geometría complementaria practicada en la correspondiente zona de contacto con la parte interior de la prótesis dental (6), de modo que se garantiza una buena superficie de apoyo (5a) entre el pilar (2) y la prótesis dental (6), asi como una altura mínima de la superficie de contacto (5b) con dicha prótesis dental (6).Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-rotational means define a suitable geometry practiced in said contact surface (5b), capable of fitting with a complementary geometry practiced in the corresponding contact area with the inner part of the dental prosthesis (6), so that a good support surface (5a) between the abutment (2) and the dental prosthesis (6) is guaranteed, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface (5b ) with said dental prosthesis (6).
3. Dispositivo (1), según la reivindicación 1 o 2, caracterizado por el hecho de que la geometría de dicha superficie de contacto (5b) comprende una superficie cilindrica que presenta una serie de rebajes (11) curvo- cóncavos sensiblemente paralelos al eje de giro de la prótesis dental (6). Device (1), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the geometry of said contact surface (5b) comprises a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses (11) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6).
PCT/IB2008/051554 2007-04-23 2008-04-23 Transepithelial spacing device for tooth implants WO2008129512A1 (en)

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