WO2008125704A1

WO2008125704A1 - Elevation system for lifts with separation of traction and suspension

Info

Publication number: WO2008125704A1
Application number: PCT/ES2007/070076
Authority: WO
Inventors: Francisco De Asis Mateo Mur
Original assignee: Dynatech, Dynamics & Technology, S.L.
Priority date: 2007-04-17
Filing date: 2007-04-17
Publication date: 2008-10-23

Abstract

The elevation system disassociates the suspension and traction functions and for this purpose has two pulleys; one suspension pulley for supporting the weight of the cabin itself and the counterweight, and another traction pulley, which only generates the force to move the imbalance existing between the cabin and the counterweight. The traction pulley can be directly connected to a motor (gearless) or connected to a reducer motor. Each pulley has suspension and traction cables which are independent of each other. The system of one suspension pulley and another traction pulley makes it possible to greatly reduce the motor size, to design the elevation system to the customer's taste, to rapidly include advantages in the installation and to improve the existing installations, while simplifying maintenance and at all times ensuring safety.

Description

ELEVATION SYSTEM FOR ELEVATORS WITH TRACTION AND SUSPENSION SEPARATION.

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is a lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, that is to say it has two pulleys, one for the suspension that is responsible for supporting the weight of both the cabin and the counterweight, and another pulley of traction that only generates the effort to move the imbalance between the cabin and the counterweight, therefore having two different cable assemblies.

The present invention characterizes the fact that the suspension and traction functions have been separated into two independent pulleys, which allows a quick update of any improvement in both the traction and suspension means independently of the rest of the elements of the together, in addition to facilitating updates in existing old facilities. On the other hand, it allows a design more adapted to the needs of the client based on a series of parameters such as payload of the cabin, type of brake, the available space and so on.

Additionally, other advantages derived from the fact of separating the suspension from traction on two independent pulleys are that, on the one hand, an increase in safety is achieved, maintenance is simplified since the mechanical elements are not exposed to wear as suffered by the systems of elevation of unique pulley, and in addition achieves a saving of costs. Therefore, the present invention is within the scope of the lifting systems used for elevators.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Until now all existing lift systems for elevators are based on a cabin and a counterweight suspended from two or more cables that pass through a single pulley placed at the top of the hole through which they circulate. This pulley is connected to a motor that generates movement that produces the lift and lowering of the cables through the cables, using a single set of cables to make the suspension (prevent the cabin from precipitating in a vacuum) and the traction (generate the up and down movement of the cabin).

In current designs, the pulley with the smallest possible diameter tends to be made, since the smaller the radius of the pulley, the less torque it will be necessary to move a given load and therefore the smaller and cheaper the motor will turn out.

From the point of view of safety, reducing the size of the pulley is a problem, since the larger the diameter of the pulley, the greater the life of the cables, since they suffer less deformation when they pass through it. The standard establishes minimum values that must be respected in the suspension pulleys. The diameter of the suspension pulley must be at least 40 times larger than the diameter of the cable.

In other words, reducing the diameter of the suspension pulley means that the life of the cables will be reduced.

Another complementary measure to reducing the diameter of the pulley is to reduce the diameter of the cables suspension to reduce the diameter of the pulley and reduce the torque, being able to use smaller engines and therefore lower cost.

In summary, the lifting systems currently have a single pulley for suspension and traction, and this is a problem because the suspension requires a large pulley size to ensure safety. On the other hand for traction a small pulley size is required to be able to place a small motor and therefore of low cost.

With the classic solution of using the same suspension and traction pulley, you must always keep a compromise in the size of the pulley to ensure safety, not being able to reduce everything that would be desirable to have a small low torque motor. By separating traction suspension, both objectives can be met at the same time: to have a suspension pulley of the appropriate diameter to the safety conditions of the installation and, on the other hand, to have a small traction pulley connected to a small motor and therefore of lower cost.

Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to carry out a series of changes in the lifting systems of the lifting devices such as elevators and the like that on the one hand guarantee safety and on the other hand allow reducing the size of the motors, by be less the torque that should be applied to the set. Therefore, to achieve these ends, a lifting system like the one developed in the present invention has been developed. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention of lifting system for elevators with separation of traction and suspension, basically consists in having two pulleys, one large one that guarantees the safety of the suspension, and a small one that allows traction with a low torque motor and therefore of low cost.

Each pulley will have its own set of cables, that is, the suspension pulley will have a set of suspension cables, while the traction pulley will have a set of cables to perform the traction, that is, to generate the vertical displacement of the cabin.

The cab and the counterweight hang from the suspension pulley. At one end of the cables is the cabin, at the other end is the counterweight. Associated with the suspension pulley is a brake system.

This subset perfectly complies with the safety conditions required by elevator regulations.

Independently of the suspension system, the traction system consists of: a pulley that is connected to a motor that generates movement, so that the rotating pulley drags the traction cables that are connected at one of its ends to the cabin, and at the other end to the counterweight. The motor rotation is transmitted to the traction sheave, connected directly to the motor. The rotation of the traction sheave causes the cab to rise or fall, depending on the direction of rotation. In other words, the traction system is dissociated from the suspension system. Different sets of cables and pulleys are used to make the suspension (prevent the cabin from rushing into a vacuum) and traction (generate the movement of raising and lowering the cabin).

The brake can be applied to both the traction system (associated with the engine) and the suspension system.

Therefore, by separating the suspension and traction into two pulleys, both pulleys can rotate supported on different axes and at different speeds.

To ensure the correct distribution of tension in the suspension and traction cables, a spring system is used on the traction cables in order to limit the tension that the traction cables can receive.

This invention provides the following series of important advantages:

• Cost savings. • The lifting system can be configured according to the needs of the customer based on a series of parameters such as the payload of the cabin, the type of brake you want, the available space in the gap, etc, setting the traction on the one hand, on the other hand the suspension and finally the brake you want.

• Technological advances that occur in engines can be incorporated very quickly, since when the engine and traction are independent of the suspension it is not necessary to redesign the entire system and change the entire assembly, production line etc.

• Technological advances that occur in suspension systems can be incorporated very quickly, for the same reason as before. • Easy to make updates of existing old installations. The diameter of the suspension pulley can be preserved, only the traction system should be placed in the most suitable place.

• Simplification of maintenance: normally the mechanical elements that suffer the most wear are the traction sheave and the bearings that support the entire weight of the suspended masses. The traction sheave will be easier to replace, and smaller, with the consequent savings in maintenance costs. The suspension pulley bearings will be much easier to replace since they are not placed in the engine, but outside it, so that they are easily accessible. In case of engine breakdown or need to replace it, it is not necessary to do any special operation so that cabin and counterweight do not fall, as they will be held by the suspension system. • It allows the size of the bearings to be reduced inside the engine, as the motor bearings are released from the effort to support the entire cabin weight and counterweight. This is responsible for the suspension pulley bearings. • Security is guaranteed. The life of the suspension cables depends among other factors on the diameter of the suspension pulley. The more diameter of the pulley the greater the life of the cables, since they suffer less deformation when they pass through it. On the other hand, from the point of view of the motor torque it is of interest that the pulley be as small as possible, since the smaller the radius of the latter, the less torque will be necessary to move a given load and therefore smaller and cheaper the motor will result. • All kinds of materials can be used for traction, such as cables, cables covered with polymeric material, chains, smooth belts, timing belts, etc. • In the event that the brake system consists of a machined brake drum in the pulley itself, the use of keyways to transmit the braking force is eliminated, resulting in savings in mechanization. • Simplicity when installing the elevator in the building: installers can first place the suspension-brake pulley assembly, which is much lighter than a complete machine. Once the suspension-brake pulley assembly is installed, the installers can hang the cab and the counterweight, and then place the traction system, which due to its small size is also light

All of the above is applicable interchangeably if redvio pulleys, 1: 1, 2: 1, 4: 1 suspensions, etc. are used on either or both pulleys.

All of the above is applicable interchangeably if two or more suspension pulleys or two or more traction pulleys are used

The object of the invention is not limited by the type of cables used, being applicable interchangeably if cables, cables covered with polymeric material, flat cables, straps, strips covered with polymeric material, chains, smooth belts, serrated belts, or any other cables are used. another element that can fulfill this function.

It is also not limited by the type of pulleys that are used, also applicable if plain pulleys are used, semicircular ribbed, semicircular rounded, V, rounded V, sprockets for sprockets, sprockets for chains, etc.

The location of the traction and suspension system is not limiting, and it is also applicable if the traction or suspension system is placed inside the machine room or inside the recess, either in the upper part, in the lower part or in a position intermediate, or a combination of the above.

Nor is it limited by the type of motor used, being able to use a motor and a reducer or use a gearless type motor (without reducer).

There is no limitation on the object of the invention the type of brake used, a standard disc or drum or other type brake can be used.

Also the object of the invention is not limited by the place of application of the brake force and can be applied to the suspension pulley or the traction sheave.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is going to be carried out below and in order to help a better understanding of its characteristics, this descriptive report is accompanied by a set of drawings in whose figures, in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the most significant details of the invention.

Figure 1: Schematically shows the arrangement of the elements object of the invention for a system of elevator lift with traction and suspension separation.

Figures 2 and 3 show a perspective representation of different locations of the suspension means and the traction means.

Figure 4 shows a representation of a possible embodiment complementary to the above shown where a loop around the traction sheave is shown to increase the adhesion of the cables on it.

Figure 5 shows a scheme of a possible alternative embodiment, using red pulleys.

Figure 6 shows a schematic of a possible alternative embodiment, using 2: 1 suspension.

Figure 7 shows a diagram of a possible alternative embodiment, using 2: 1 suspension only in the suspension.

Figure 8 shows a perspective representation of a suspension pulley on which a brake system has been installed, together with a traction pulley connected to the motor shaft.

Figure 9 shows a section of a possible embodiment in which the axis of the traction sheave and the axis of the suspension sheave are apparently joined but are actually uncoupled by means of a bearing, which allows both to rotate at different speeds.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION. In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below.

The present invention of lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, as can be seen in Figure 1, basically consists in using a suspension pulley (1) and a traction pulley (2) for the movement of an elevator ) different. The suspension pulley (1) is responsible by means of a set of suspension cables (3) to support the weight of a cabin (4) and a counterweight (5). The traction sheave (2) is connected to a motor (6) (figures 2 and 3) and by means of traction cables (7) drag both the cab (4) and the counterweight (5).

The weight of the cabin (4) (full or empty) and the counterweight (5) is directly supported by the pulley (1) through the suspension cables (3).

In Figures 2 and 3 we observe how the motor's turning action (6) is transmitted to the traction sheave (2). The traction sheave (2) drags the traction cables

(7), and these move the cabin (4) and the counterweight (5). The effort transmitted by the traction cables (7) is only that corresponding to the difference in mass, inertia and acceleration of the cabin and counterweight, not to their weights.

Any type of known brake or that can be developed in the future can be used on this traction system.

In Figure 2, although both the suspension pulley (1) and the traction pulley (1) are aligned, this does not mean that both are fixed on the same axis, they have simply been arranged in an aligned manner without any connection, since one of the conditions of the object of the invention is the separation of the suspension and traction functions into independent suspension and traction pulleys without any connection.

As proof of the above, in Figure 3, it is shown how the suspension pulley is at the top of the assembly, while the traction pulley (2) is at the bottom of the installation.

However, based on the principle of separation of the suspension and traction functions on the corresponding suspension and traction pulleys with their corresponding suspension and traction cables, all the constructive changes that could be made could be carried out. Thus, in figure 4, we observe how another auxiliary pulley (8) is arranged next to the traction sheave (2) so that the traction cable (7) loops around the traction sheave ( 2) to increase the adhesion of the traction cables (7) on the traction sheave (2).

In Figure 5, we observe how both the suspension pulley (1) and the traction pulley (2) have red belt pulleys (9) and (10) respectively. Being able to make so many combinations with the presence or not of the red pulleys that can occur, without the principles of the invention having been varied.

In figure 6, it is shown how the ends of the suspension (3) and traction cables (7) are not directly attached to the cabin (4) and the counterweight (5) respectively, but are fixed to the ceiling ( 11) using a 2: 1 suspension, preparing for it on the own cabin (4) and the counterweight (5) some pulleys (12) and (13) respectively.

In figure 7, another constructive variant is shown where only the suspension cables are those fixed at their ends to the ceiling (11), so that only pulleys (12) are arranged on the cabin (4), while on the other On the side the ends of the traction cables (7) are directly connected to the cab (4) and to the counterweight (5).

In figure 8, the aligned arrangement of the suspension pulley (1) on which a known brake (17) is coupled, together with the traction pulley (2) coupled to the motor shaft (6), of Again both pulleys are clearly working independently of each other.

In Fig. 9, a possible alternative embodiment is observed in which the axis of the traction sheave (2) and the axis of the suspension sheave (1) are apparently joined but are actually uncoupled thanks to a bearing ( 16) which allows both axes to rotate at different speeds, keeping the working principle independent of both pulleys.

It does not alter the essentiality of this invention variations in materials, shape, size and arrangement of the component elements, described in a non-limiting manner, this being sufficient for reproduction by an expert.

Claims

1.- Elevation system for elevators with traction and suspension separation characterized in that the suspension is carried out independently of the traction, with: a set of suspension cables associated with at least one suspension pulley to carry the suspension of a cabin and a counterweight is carried out, while on the other hand it also includes a set of traction cables associated with at least one traction sheave that carries out the lifting and lowering of the cabin, the traction sheave connected to an engine, where

The suspension cables and the suspension pulley are independent of the traction cables and the traction sheave.

2. Elevation system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that associated with the traction sheave is an auxiliary pulley to allow the traction cable to pass twice through the traction sheave.

3. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the suspension pulley there is a red belt pulley for the suspension.

4. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the traction sheave there is a red belt pulley for traction.

5. Elevation system for elevators with traction and suspension separation according to claim 1, characterized in that a 2: 1 suspension is made in the suspension, the ends of the suspension cables being fixed to the ceiling, and arranged on the cab and the counterweight at least one pulley (12).

6. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that a 2: 1 suspension is made in the traction, the ends of the traction cables being fixed to the ceiling, and arranged on the cab and the counterweight at least one pulley (13).

7. Elevation system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that a 2: 1 suspension is made both in the suspension and in the traction, the ends of both suspension and suspension cables being fixed. traction to the roof, and providing on the cabin and the counterweight at least some pulleys (12) and (13) respectively.

8. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension pulley and traction pulley rotate supported on different axes and at different speeds

9. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension cables can be: cables covered with polymeric material, flat cables, strapping, strapping covered with polymeric material, chains, smooth belts, timing belts, or any other element that can fulfill this function.

10. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that a drum or disc brake is placed on the suspension pulley.

11. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking system is placed connected to the suspension pulley, the traction sheave or both.

12. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension and traction pulleys can be placed in the elevator shaft, in the machine room or in one in each.

13. Lifting system for elevators with traction and suspension separation, according to claim 1, characterized in that a spring system is used on the traction cables in order to limit the tension that the traction cables can receive in order to guarantee a correct distribution of tension in the suspension and traction cables.