WO2008116756A1 - Material for electrodes or luminous elements and electrode and luminous element - Google Patents

Material for electrodes or luminous elements and electrode and luminous element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008116756A1
WO2008116756A1 PCT/EP2008/052977 EP2008052977W WO2008116756A1 WO 2008116756 A1 WO2008116756 A1 WO 2008116756A1 EP 2008052977 W EP2008052977 W EP 2008052977W WO 2008116756 A1 WO2008116756 A1 WO 2008116756A1
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Prior art keywords
oxide
material according
tungsten
electrodes
group
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PCT/EP2008/052977
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Altmann
Klaus Stedele
Michael Salmen
Bernd Eberhard
Original Assignee
Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung
ALMANSTÖTTER, Jürgen
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Publication of WO2008116756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008116756A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/12—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0031—Matrix based on refractory metals, W, Mo, Nb, Hf, Ta, Zr, Ti, V or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/04—Incandescent bodies characterised by the material thereof
    • H01K1/08—Metallic bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and electrodes or filaments of this material.
  • tungsten which has a small proportion of thorium oxide
  • BSD tungsten Batterya doped tungsten
  • the BSD tungsten has additions of potassium, aluminum and silicon in the ppm range.
  • a description of the aforementioned tungsten materials can be found, for example, in the book "Tungsten, a treatise on its metallurgy, properties and applications” by Colin J. Smithells, 3rd edition, Chapman & Hall Ltd., London 1952, at page 137.
  • the material according to the invention consists of tungsten or a tungsten alloy which has additives or additives, the additives according to the invention containing a combination of potassium and at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides. Due to the potassium content, a crystal structure having a denticulate structure and long crystalline crystal grains having a very long aspect ratio and a high creep resistance associated with high temperature applications can be obtained be achieved. The proportion of the at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides lowers the electron work function of the tungsten material and, in conjunction with the potassium content, ensures that electrodes made of the material according to the invention have increased geometrical dimensional stability and reduced electrode burn-back.
  • the material according to the invention is used to produce filaments for incandescent lamps, in particular for halogen incandescent lamps, a toothed, creep-resistant crystal structure and a high dimensional stability of the filament are ensured by the potassium component and, because of the at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides, improved, that is to say achieved increased ductility of the filament wire during its processing.
  • lanthanum oxide cerium oxide or yttrium oxide is used as the oxide from the group of lanthanides.
  • the proportion by weight of potassium in the material according to the invention is in the range of 15 ppm (part per million) to 120 ppm.
  • a lower proportion of potassium would have no appreciable effect on the properties of the material and a higher proportion would lead to bubble formation in the material.
  • the proportion of the at least one oxide from the group of the lanthanum oxides, preferably from the group of lanthanum, cerium and yttrium, in the material according to the invention is advantageously in the range from 0.5% by weight to 5.0% by weight and more preferably in the range from 0 , 6% by weight to 3.5% by weight.
  • the at least one oxide will have the above-described effect only to a small extent and a higher level would result in blistering and voids in the material.
  • the material according to the invention is preferably crystalline and has a long-crystalline structure in order to be able to produce high quality filaments or electrodes therefrom.
  • the erf ⁇ ndungswashe material is present as a wire or pen, because it can be made with simple forming processes electrodes or filaments.
  • the erf ⁇ ndungshiele material is preferably used for the production of electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps or plasma torches or for the production of filaments for incandescent, halogen incandescent or radiant heater.
  • the preferred embodiment of the invention is a tungsten rod made, for example, by powder metallurgy from ammonium paraffin or tungsten oxide powder.
  • the potassium, silicon and aluminum compounds as well as the lanthanum compound are added to the tungsten precursor in aqueous solution.
  • the mixture is dried then charged and reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 700 0 C to 800 0 C.
  • the water-soluble lanthanum compound is converted to lanthanum oxide La 2 O 3 .
  • the powder is pressed after the reduction to obtain a rod having a square cross section of, for example, 15 mm edge length and a density of 10 g / mm 3 .
  • the rod is then sintered under hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1200 0 C to 1300 0 C for about 15 minutes. This is followed by further sintering processes with different heating intervals and temperatures up to 95% of the melting point of pure tungsten.
  • the tungsten rod can be further processed by means of thermo-mechanical forming, such as, for example, rolling, hammering and drawing stages. Between the individual forming processes further annealing are performed, which serve to recrystallize the tungsten material. In the case of wire drawing stages, until the desired end Diameter of the tungsten wire at necessary intermediate stages further annealing processes, preferably in the temperature range of 1000 0 C to 1300 0 C performed.
  • This wire can be used to make electrodes for high pressure discharge lamps or to produce incandescent filaments for incandescent lamps.
  • the tungsten material according to the invention has a weight fraction of 55 ppm potassium, 10 ppm aluminum and 8 ppm silicon and 1 weight percent lanthanum oxide La 2 O 3 .
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment explained in more detail above.
  • lanthanum oxide it is also possible to use ceria, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide or hafnium oxide or a mixed oxide of two or more of the abovementioned oxides.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a material for producing electrodes or luminous elements, said material being made of tungsten or a tungsten alloy having additives, said additives comprising at least potassium and at least one oxide from the group of lanthanoids, and preferably from the group of lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium.

Description

Material für Elektroden oder Leuchtkörper und Elektrode bzw. Leuchtkörper Material for electrodes or filament and electrode or filament
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Material gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie Elektroden oder Leuchtkörper aus diesem Material.The invention relates to a material according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and electrodes or filaments of this material.
I. Stand der TechnikI. State of the art
Bekannt ist beispielsweise die Verwendung von Wolfram, das einen geringen Anteil von Thoriumoxid aufweist, zur Herstellung von Elektroden für Hochdruckentla- dungslampen. Außerdem ist auch die Verwendung von sogenanntem BSD-Wolfram (Battersea doped tungsten) zur Herstellung von Glühfäden für Glühlampen oder E- lektroden für Hochdruckentladungslampen bekannt. Das BSD-Wolfram besitzt Zusätze von Kalium, Aluminium und Silizium im ppm-Bereich. Eine Beschreibung der vorgenannten Wolframmaterialien findet man beispielsweise in dem Buch „Tungsten, a treatise on its metallurgy, properties and applications" von Colin J. Smithells, 3rd edition, Chapman & Hall Ltd., London 1952, auf der Seite 137.For example, the use of tungsten, which has a small proportion of thorium oxide, is known for producing electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps. In addition, the use of so-called BSD tungsten (Battersea doped tungsten) for the production of filaments for incandescent lamps or electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps is known. The BSD tungsten has additions of potassium, aluminum and silicon in the ppm range. A description of the aforementioned tungsten materials can be found, for example, in the book "Tungsten, a treatise on its metallurgy, properties and applications" by Colin J. Smithells, 3rd edition, Chapman & Hall Ltd., London 1952, at page 137.
IL Darstellung der ErfindungIL illustration of the invention
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Material bereitzustellen, das sich besser zur Herstellung von Elektroden oder Leuchtkörper für Lichtquellen oder Plasmabrenner eignet als das Wolframmaterial gemäß dem Stand der Technik.It is an object of the invention to provide a material which is more suitable for the production of electrodes or luminous bodies for light sources or plasma torches than the tungsten material according to the prior art.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Material besteht aus Wolfram oder einer Wolframlegierung, das bzw. die Zusätze aufweist, wobei die Zusätze erfindungsgemäß eine Kombinati- on von Kalium und wenigstens einem Oxid aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoide enthalten. Durch den Kaliumgehalt kann eine Kristallstruktur mit einem verzahnten Gefüge und langkristalline Kristallkörner mit sehr großen Längen- zu Breitenverhältnis und einer damit verbundenen hohen Kriechresistenz bei Hochtemperaturanwendungen erreicht werden. Der Anteil des mindestens einen Oxids aus der Gruppe der Lantha- noide erniedrigt die Elektronenaustrittsarbeit des Wolframmaterials und gewährleistet in Verbindung mit dem Kaliumanteil, dass Elektroden aus dem erfmdungsgemä- ßen Material eine erhöhte geometrische Formstabilität und einen reduzierten Elekt- rodenrückbrand aufweisen. Wird das erfmdungsgemäße Material zur Herstellung von Glühfäden für Glühlampen, insbesondere für Halogenglühlampen verwendet, so werden durch den Kaliumanteil ein verzahntes, kriechfestes Kristallgefüge sowie eine hohe Formstabilität des Glühfadens gewährleistet und aufgrund des mindestens einen Oxids aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoide eine verbesserte, das heißt, erhöhte Duktilität des Glühfadendrahtes während seiner Verarbeitung erzielt.The material according to the invention consists of tungsten or a tungsten alloy which has additives or additives, the additives according to the invention containing a combination of potassium and at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides. Due to the potassium content, a crystal structure having a denticulate structure and long crystalline crystal grains having a very long aspect ratio and a high creep resistance associated with high temperature applications can be obtained be achieved. The proportion of the at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides lowers the electron work function of the tungsten material and, in conjunction with the potassium content, ensures that electrodes made of the material according to the invention have increased geometrical dimensional stability and reduced electrode burn-back. If the material according to the invention is used to produce filaments for incandescent lamps, in particular for halogen incandescent lamps, a toothed, creep-resistant crystal structure and a high dimensional stability of the filament are ensured by the potassium component and, because of the at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides, improved, that is to say achieved increased ductility of the filament wire during its processing.
Vorzugsweise wird als Oxid aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoiden Lanthanoxid, Ceroxid oder Yttriumoxid verwendet.Preferably, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide or yttrium oxide is used as the oxide from the group of lanthanides.
Vorteilhafterweise liegt der Gewichtsanteil des Kaliums in dem erfmdungsgemäßen Material im Bereich von 15 ppm (part per million) bis 120 ppm. Ein geringerer An- teil an Kalium hätte keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf die Eigenschaften des Materials und ein höherer Anteil würde zur Blasenbildung im Material führen.Advantageously, the proportion by weight of potassium in the material according to the invention is in the range of 15 ppm (part per million) to 120 ppm. A lower proportion of potassium would have no appreciable effect on the properties of the material and a higher proportion would lead to bubble formation in the material.
Der Anteil des mindestens einen Oxids aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoxide, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe von Lanthan, Cer und Yttrium, in dem erfmdungsgemäßen Material liegt vorteilhafterweise im Bereich von 0,5 Gewichtsprozent bis 5,0 Ge- wichtsprozent und besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 0,6 Gewichtsprozent bis 3,5 Gewichtsprozent. Bei einem geringeren Anteil hat das mindestens eine Oxid die o- ben beschriebene Wirkung nur in einem geringen Ausmaß und ein höherer Anteil würde zur Blasenbildung und zu Hohlräumen in dem Material führen.The proportion of the at least one oxide from the group of the lanthanum oxides, preferably from the group of lanthanum, cerium and yttrium, in the material according to the invention is advantageously in the range from 0.5% by weight to 5.0% by weight and more preferably in the range from 0 , 6% by weight to 3.5% by weight. At a lower level, the at least one oxide will have the above-described effect only to a small extent and a higher level would result in blistering and voids in the material.
Das erfmdungsgemäße Material ist vorzugsweise kristallin und besitzt eine langkri- stalline Gefügestruktur, um daraus hochwertige Glühfäden oder Elektroden herstellen zu können. Vorzugsweise liegt das erfϊndungsgemäße Material als Draht oder Stift vor, weil sich daraus mit einfachen Umformungsprozessen Elektroden oder Glühfäden fertigen lassen.The material according to the invention is preferably crystalline and has a long-crystalline structure in order to be able to produce high quality filaments or electrodes therefrom. Preferably, the erfϊndungsgemäße material is present as a wire or pen, because it can be made with simple forming processes electrodes or filaments.
Das erfϊndungsgemäße Material wird vorzugsweise zur Herstellung von Elektroden für Hochdruckentladungslampen oder Plasmabrenner oder zur Herstellung von Glühfäden für Glühlampen, Halogenglühlampen oder Heizstrahler verwendet.The erfϊndungsgemäße material is preferably used for the production of electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps or plasma torches or for the production of filaments for incandescent, halogen incandescent or radiant heater.
III. Beschreibung des bevorzugten AusführungsbeispielsIII. Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment.
Bei dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung handelt es sich um einen Wolframstab, der beispielsweise aufpulvermetallurgischem Weg aus Ammoniumpa- rawolframat oder aus Wolframoxidpulver hergestellt wird. Die Kalium-, Silizium- und Aluminiumverbindungen sowie die Lanthanverbindung werden dem Wolfram- Vorprodukt in wässriger Lösung zugesetzt. Die Mischung wird anschließend ge- trocknet und in einer Wasserstoffatmosphäre bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 7000C bis 8000C reduziert. Bei diesem Schritt erfolgt eine Umwandlung der wasserlöslichen Lanthanverbindung in Lanthanoxid La2O3. Das Pulver wird nach der Reduktion gepresst, um einen Stab mit einem quadratischen Querschnitt von zum Beispiel 15 mm Kantenlänge und einer Dichte von lOg/mm3 zu erhalten. Der Stab wird anschließend unter Wasserstoffatmosphäre bei Temperaturen von 12000C bis 13000C für ca. 15 Minuten gesintert. Daran schließen sich weitere Sinterprozesse mit verschiedenen Heizintervallen und Temperaturen, die bis 95% des Schmelzpunktes von reinem Wolfram betragen, an. Anschließend kann der Wolframstab mittels thermomechanischer Umformung wie beispielsweise Walz-, Hämmer- und Ziehstu- fen weiter verarbeitet werden. Zwischen den einzelnen Umformprozessen werden weitere Glühungen durchgeführt, die der Rekristallisation des Wolframmaterials dienen. Im Fall von Drahtziehstufen werden bis zum Erreichen des gewünschten End- durchmessers des Wolframdrahtes an notwendigen Zwischenstufen weitere Glühprozesse, vorzugsweise im Temperaturbereich von 10000C bis 13000C, durchgeführt.The preferred embodiment of the invention is a tungsten rod made, for example, by powder metallurgy from ammonium paraffin or tungsten oxide powder. The potassium, silicon and aluminum compounds as well as the lanthanum compound are added to the tungsten precursor in aqueous solution. The mixture is dried then charged and reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 700 0 C to 800 0 C. At this step, the water-soluble lanthanum compound is converted to lanthanum oxide La 2 O 3 . The powder is pressed after the reduction to obtain a rod having a square cross section of, for example, 15 mm edge length and a density of 10 g / mm 3 . The rod is then sintered under hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1200 0 C to 1300 0 C for about 15 minutes. This is followed by further sintering processes with different heating intervals and temperatures up to 95% of the melting point of pure tungsten. Subsequently, the tungsten rod can be further processed by means of thermo-mechanical forming, such as, for example, rolling, hammering and drawing stages. Between the individual forming processes further annealing are performed, which serve to recrystallize the tungsten material. In the case of wire drawing stages, until the desired end Diameter of the tungsten wire at necessary intermediate stages further annealing processes, preferably in the temperature range of 1000 0 C to 1300 0 C performed.
Dieser Draht kann zur Herstellung von Elektroden für Hochdruckentladungslampen oder zur Herstellung von Glühwendeln für Glühlampen verwendet werden.This wire can be used to make electrodes for high pressure discharge lamps or to produce incandescent filaments for incandescent lamps.
Gemäß dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung besitzt das erfindungsgemäße Wolframmaterial einen Gewichtsanteil von 55 ppm Kalium, 10 ppm Aluminium und 8 ppm Silizium sowie 1 Gewichtsprozent Lanthanoxid La2O3.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the tungsten material according to the invention has a weight fraction of 55 ppm potassium, 10 ppm aluminum and 8 ppm silicon and 1 weight percent lanthanum oxide La 2 O 3 .
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf das oben näher erläuterte Ausführungsbeispiel. Beispielsweise kann anstelle von Lanthanoxid auch Ceroxid, Yttriumoxid, Zir- konoxid oder Hafniumoxid oder ein Mischoxid aus zweien oder mehreren der vorgenannten Oxide verwendet werden. The invention is not limited to the embodiment explained in more detail above. For example, instead of lanthanum oxide, it is also possible to use ceria, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide or hafnium oxide or a mixed oxide of two or more of the abovementioned oxides.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Material zur Herstellung von Elektroden oder Leuchtkörper, wobei das Material aus Wolfram oder einer Wolframlegierung besteht, das bzw. die Zusätze aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusätze zumindest Kalium und wenigstens ein Oxid aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoide enthalten.1. A material for producing electrodes or luminous bodies, wherein the material consists of tungsten or a tungsten alloy, which has or additives, characterized in that the additives contain at least potassium and at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides.
2. Material nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Gehalt an Kalium im Bereich von 15 ppm bis 120 ppm bezogen auf das Gewicht liegt.2. Material according to claim 1, wherein the content of potassium in the range of 15 ppm to 120 ppm by weight.
3. Material nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Gehalt des wenigstens einen O- xids aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoide im Bereich von 0,5 Gewichtsprozent bis 5,0 Gewichtsprozent liegt.3. A material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the at least one of the group of lanthanoids is in the range of 0.5% to 5.0% by weight.
4. Material nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das wenigstens eine Oxid aus der Gruppe der Lanthanoide Lanthanoxid, Ceroxid oder Yttriumoxid ist.4. Material according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one oxide from the group of lanthanides lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide or yttrium oxide.
5. Material nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei als weitere Zusätze Aluminium und bzw. oder Silizium im Material vorhanden sind.5. Material according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, wherein as further additives aluminum and or or silicon in the material are present.
6. Material nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei das Material kristallin ist und eine langkristalline Gefügestruktur besitzt.6. Material according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the material is crystalline and has a long crystalline microstructure.
7. Material nach Anspruch 6, wobei das Material als Draht oder Stift vorliegt.7. Material according to claim 6, wherein the material is present as a wire or pin.
8. Elektrode für eine Entladungslampe oder einen Plasmabrenner bestehend aus dem Material oder hergestellt unter Verwendung des Materials gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7.8. Electrode for a discharge lamp or a plasma burner consisting of the material or manufactured using the material according to one or more of claims 1 to 7.
9. Glühfaden bestehend aus dem Material oder hergestellt unter Verwendung des Materials gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7. 9. filament consisting of the material or produced using the material according to one or more of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/EP2008/052977 2007-03-23 2008-03-13 Material for electrodes or luminous elements and electrode and luminous element WO2008116756A1 (en)

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DE102007013990.1 2007-03-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017227372A (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-28 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Glow plug

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JPS63171846A (en) * 1987-01-09 1988-07-15 Tokyo Tungsten Co Ltd Tungsten wire for tube and bulb
JPH05290802A (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-11-05 Ushio Inc Electrode for electric discharge lamp
EP0703600A2 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-27 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH High pressure discharge lamp
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