WO2008101858A2

WO2008101858A2 - Fireproof and impact-resistant housing, and method for the protection of at least one heat generating component by means of a fireproof and impact-resistant housing

Info

Publication number: WO2008101858A2
Application number: PCT/EP2008/051797
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dirk Brunner
Original assignee: Secumem Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-02-19
Filing date: 2008-02-14
Publication date: 2008-08-28
Also published as: WO2008101858A3; DE102007008137A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a fireproof and impact-resistant housing (1) for accommodating at least one heat generating component (4), especially an electronic component. Said housing (1) comprises a first housing element (21), particularly a bottom element, and at least one second housing element (22), particularly a cover element. In a joined state, the first housing element (21) and the at least one second housing element (22) form a closed external housing (2). A fluid container (5) containing a fluid (6) is disposed on the side of the first housing element (21) and/or of the at least one second housing element (22) which faces the heat generating component (4). A depleting device (9) is provided for emptying the fluid container (5) into the interior of the fireproof and impact-resistant housing (1). The invention further relates to a method for protecting at least one heat generating component (4), especially an electronic component, by means of such a fireproof and impact-resistant housing (1).

Description

description

Fire and impact protected housing and method for protecting at least one heat generating component by a fire and impact protected housing

The present invention relates to a fire and impact-protected housing for receiving at least one heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component, with a first housing element, in particular a bottom element, and at least one second housing element, in particular a cover element, wherein the first Housing element and the at least one second housing element in a joined state form a closed outer housing. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for protecting at least one heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component, by a fire and impact-protected housing, which is designed to receive at least one heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component, wherein the fire and impact protected housing a first housing element, in particular a bottom element, and at least a second housing element, in particular a cover element, wherein the first housing element and the at least one second housing element in a joined state form a closed outer housing comprises.

Fire and impact resistant housings which include heat generating components, particularly electronic components, have at least two functions. On the one hand, they serve to protect the enclosed components from external influences, such as impacts, blows or fire. On the other hand, such fire and impact resistant housings must provide a means of dissipating the heat generated by the enclosed components. Fire protection housing are well known. Thus, DE 102 22 975 C1 discloses a fire protection housing in which a device is enclosed by a first housing. A second housing, consisting of an upper shell and a lower shell, surrounds the first housing. In the resulting between the first housing and the second housing space a fire retardant is introduced, which can additionally foam in case of fire. This fire protection housing should be light and, in the event of fire, ensure a long functional integrity of the device arranged in the fire protection housing. The disadvantage of this fire protection housing that it is the result of the inside of the fire enclosure Heat from, for example, electronic components, not sufficiently derived, which could lead to destruction of the components. Cooling of the enclosed device is not provided.

From DE 20 2004 008 004 U1 is also known to arrange electronic components within a housing. To dissipate the heat generated during operation of the electronic components heatsink are provided, wherein the heat, for example, by forcibly circulating coolant; So by convection of the liquid, can be removed. From DE 20 2004 008 004 U1, however, no fire and impact protected housing is known. It is not known from this prior art how the electronic components within the housing can be effectively protected from heat in the event of a fire. In the event of a fire outside the housing, the cooling fluid would conduct the heat from outside to inside.

From DE 100 23 337 A1 a device for emergency cooling of electrical equipment is known. That is, within a housing in addition to the electrical device, a gas having, pressure vessel is provided. In the case of a fire via a nozzle, a relaxation of the gases of the pressure vessel. The gases which cool as a result of the expansion are discharged into the interior of the housing and thus cool the electrical devices. The expanded gases then escape through openings in the housing to the environment. Although a cooling of electrical equipment within a housing in case of fire is known here. However, the device is not designed to effectively dissipate the heat produced by the electrical devices (in normal operation). Furthermore, no impact-protected housing is provided.

The present invention has for its object to provide a fire and impact protected housing for receiving at least one heat generating component, in particular an electronic component, which allows in a simple and cost-effective manner, the heat generated by the component during dissipate the operation of the component and in the case of heat, in particular a fire, outside of the housing to get as little heat energy from outside to inside. Furthermore, the housing should be designed so stable that it effectively protects the contents of the housing from mechanical damage. Likewise, a simple, inexpensive and effective method for protecting a heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component to be created within a fire and impact protected housing.

This object is achieved by a fire and impact protected housing with the features of independent claim 1 and by a method for protecting at least one heat generating component, in particular an electronic component, by a fire and impact protected housing with the features according to the independent Claim 53. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawing. Features and details which are described in connection with the fire and impact protected housing are of course also in connection with the method for protecting at least one heat generating component, in particular an electronic component, by a fire and impact protected housing.

The present invention is directed to the protection of heat generating components, but of course the invention is not limited to particular components. Basically, a heat-generating component means any device, any technical component, that generates / generates heat during its operation. In particular, heat-generating components are electronic components such as circuits, computer elements, etc. In the further course, the invention for clarification of the inventive concept is described variously only in connection with the fire and impact protection of electronic components, without the invention being limited to these specific components.

The basic concept of the present invention is to provide a housing which is designed such that, in addition to impact protection for the components protected by the housing, also good heat dissipation of the heat generated by the components as well as effective thermal protection of the component in case of fire or is ensured at elevated outside temperature.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a fireproof and impact-protected housing for receiving at least one heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component, with a first housing element, in particular a bottom element, and at least one second housing element, in particular a cover element the first housing element and the at least one second housing element form a closed outer housing in an assembled state, wherein at least one fluid container with a fluid is arranged on the side of the first housing element facing the heat-generating component and / or the at least one second housing element, and wherein at least one emptying device for emptying the Fluid container is provided in the interior of the fire and impact protected housing solved. By such a fire and impact-protected housing, a heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component, on the one hand well protected from mechanical influences, on the other hand, the heat generated by the component during operation of the component can be removed easily and effectively and in a fire outside the housing, the component can be effectively protected from heat transfer to the component.

The fire and impact-protected housing is advantageously designed in two parts to accommodate a component. This means that the fire and impact-protected housing has a first and at least a second housing element, wherein the at least two housing elements can be connected to one another. In an assembled state, the at least two housing elements form a closed outer housing in which the heat-generating component is completely enclosed. Of course, the fire and impact protected housing may also be formed such that a plurality of identical or different components can be enclosed by the outer housing.

The at least two housing elements are designed such that they can be joined together. The first housing element may in particular be a bottom element and the at least one second housing element may in particular represent a cover element. It is also conceivable that the at least two housing elements are each designed container-shaped.

According to the invention, at least one fluid container with a fluid is arranged on the side of the first housing element facing the heat-generating component and / or the at least one second housing element. The fact that the at least one fluid container is seated directly on the inside of the outer housing, the heat from the fluid to the first housing element and / or the at least one second housing element of the outer housing is derived or passed through the outer housing to the environment. A region of the at least one fluid container preferably sits flat on the inside, ie the inner circumferential surface, of the outer housing. Furthermore, the invention provides that at least one emptying device is provided for emptying the fluid container into the interior of the fire and impact protected housing. By means of the at least one emptying device, the fluid, which is enclosed by the fluid container, can be emptied into the interior of the outer housing, so that this provides for additional cooling of the heat-generating component.

In order for the fluid to be distributed in the interior of the fire- and impact-protected housing in the event of a damaged and / or destroyed fluid container, it is conceivable that there is an absorbent layer, in particular on the inside of the outer housing.

The fluid, a gas or a liquid, causes the heat generated by the component to be transported outward from the exterior of the exterior housing by convection, in particular by convection, and released to the environment. The larger the fluid container and the more fluid is provided, the more heat can normally be removed from the interior of the outer housing. In the event of fire, the fluid is discharged from the fluid container through the emptying means towards the inside of the outer casing, i. in the direction of the heat-generating component, emptied to avoid, on the one hand, heat transfer from the outside to the interior of the outer housing and, on the other hand, to provide additional cooling due to the evaporation of the deflated fluid. This solution is very reliable, inexpensive and easy. The combination of the fluid container and the emptying device ensures that, in the event of a fire or in the event of severe overheating, as little as possible of heat energy from the outside reaches the interior of the outer housing, in particular the enclosed components, outside the outer housing.

Advantageously, a fire and impact protected housing, in which an inner housing is provided within the outer housing of the fire and impact protected housing, wherein the inner housing has a first inner housing member and at least a second inner housing member and wherein the first inner housing member and the at least one second inner housing member in a assembled state form a closed inner housing which encloses the at least one heat-generating component, in particular the electronic component, and wherein the fluid container on the side facing away from the heat-generating component the first inner housing element and / or the at least one second inner housing element is arranged.

The fact that within the outer housing an additional inner housing is provided, which encloses the heat-generating component, the heat-generating component is double impact and fire protected. In a mechanical action on the fire and impact protected housing or on the outer housing, the inner housing remains largely spared, so that damage to the heat generating component can be largely avoided. The inner housing has a first inner housing element and at least one second inner housing element. These form in a joined state, a closed inner housing, which encloses the heat-generating component. The at least two inner housing elements are connected to each other in the closed state of the inner housing. This ensures a simple, cost-effective and secure protection of the enclosed heat-generating component. The inner housing is attached to the first and / or the at least one second housing element of the outer housing, preferably releasably secured. In this case, the inner housing can be arranged with positive, force and / or material fit on the outer housing, in particular on the inner lateral surface of the first and / or the at least one second Gehäusele- mentes. The fact that an inner housing and an outer housing are provided, mechanical effects can be easily absorbed by the outer housing and the pulse to the inner housing can be largely avoided.

Because at least one fluid container is provided between the outer housing and the inner housing, the heat from the heat-generating component can be transported by heat conduction over at least one housing wall section of the inner and / or outer housing. As a result, the heat conduction via the housing material of the outer housing and / or the inner housing and the, preferably made of metal, outer housing and / or inner housing is not weakened.

For electrical connection or for data connection of the heat-generating component, it is advantageous if the outer housing and the inner housing each have a recess for passing at least one line, in particular an electrical line see, at least one heat-generating component. The recesses can be realized in the form of small bores, so that a line, which optionally has a fire-resistant casing, passes through the bores. gene in the interior of the fire and impact protected housing or the inner housing can be performed. It can also be several recesses for carrying a plurality of lines, in particular a plurality of electrical lines, may be provided.

In one embodiment of the fire-resistant and impact-resistant housing according to the invention, it is provided that the first housing element and / or the at least one second housing element of the outer housing and / or the first inner housing element and / or the at least one second inner housing element of the inner housing has / have at least one opening and that in the at least one opening, a part of the fluid container, which includes the fluid, is arranged. This ensures that at least part of the heat generated by the component can be efficiently transported outwards by the fluid. A part of the fluid container is seated in the opening of the inner housing, so that the heat can be delivered directly to the fluid in the fluid container and can be passed on from the fluid, in particular by free convection, to the outside. The fluid container can be very different

Shapes have. However, it is preferably designed so that a part of the fluid container in the opening of the first and / or the second housing element of the outer housing and a further part of the fluid container in the opening of the first Innengehäu- seelementes and / or the at least one second inner housing member sits. In this way, the fluid container establishes a direct connection between the area enclosed by the inner housing and the area outside the outer housing of the fire and impact protected housing, so that the generated heat of the heat generating component can be effectively released to the environment.

Ideally, the at least one opening in the outer housing is arranged in alignment with at least one opening in the inner housing for receiving the fluid container. As a result, the fluid container can be structurally simple. This may for example have the shape of a closed square, round or truncated cone-shaped profile.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the fire and impact protected housing according to the invention it is provided that at least one fluid container is located between the outer housing and the inner housing and the heat is transported by the heat generating component by heat conduction through at least one housing wall portion. This eliminates the need to attach openings the, as the heat conduction takes place via the housing material, and the, preferably made of metal, housing is not weakened.

The fire and impact-protected housing may also be advantageously designed such that between the outer housing and the inner housing, a cavity is formed. As a result, the inner housing is particularly protected against external influences. For example, shocks are intercepted by the outer housing and the shock pulse is not redirected or attenuated forwarded to the inner housing. The cavity also has an insulating effect. That is, heat is better kept outside in case of fire. In a direct contact of the housing elements of the outer housing and the inner housing elements, the heat would be transferred to the component rather. Furthermore, the cavity can be used for the fluid container. This may extend into the cavity so that the trapped volume of the fluid container can be expanded to accommodate more fluid.

The cavity may also be used to provide an impact absorbing material and / or heat insulating material in the cavity. As an impact-damping material, for example, structured gypsum boards can be used. The impact absorbing material ensures that the kinetic energy of an impact, such as an object, on the fire and impact protected housing or on the outer housing is converted into deformation energy and not or attenuated forwarded to the inner housing. Of course, other impact-absorbing materials, such as plastic or mortar, conceivable.

Furthermore, advantageously, a vapor barrier, in particular in the form of a plastic film and / or foam glass, may be provided in the cavity. The vapor barrier prevents the penetration of water vapor to the inner housing. Without a vapor barrier, the water vapor would condense in the event of fire on the inner housing and heat it very quickly to about 100 ⁰ C.

Furthermore, a fire and impact-protected housing is advantageous in which the at least one fluid container is positively and / or non-positively arranged on the outer housing and / or on the inner housing and / or on the impact-damping material and / or on the heat-insulating material. It is possible that the at least one fluid container is held positively and non-positively by the impact-damping or heat-insulating material. Thus, the at least one fluid container in the impact be damped or heat-insulating material clamped. Furthermore, the at least one fluid container can be screwed to a housing wall of the outer housing and / or of the inner housing via a flange connection.

In another advantageous embodiment of the fire and impact protected housing, the at least one fluid container is cohesively arranged on the outer housing and / or on the inner housing and / or on the impact-damping material and / or on the heat-insulating material. Thus, the at least one fluid container can be glued or welded to the outer housing and / or to the inner housing and / or to the impact-damping material and / or to the heat-insulating material.

The at least one fluid container of the fire and impact protected housing according to the invention may have various forms. It can be, for example, cylindrical, cuboidal, cube-shaped, spherical or egg-shaped. The at least one fluid container preferably has a large-area design on the end face facing the component and on the end face facing the environment in order to be able to absorb or deliver the heat well.

The fluid provided in the at least one fluid container of the fire and impact protected housing according to the invention is preferably mainly water, alcohol or a mixture of water and alcohol. On the one hand, such liquids can dissipate heat well from the component, on the other hand, they evaporate well when a critical temperature is exceeded in order to ensure short-term cooling, in the event that the liquid is conveyed to the interior of the container by means of the at least one emptying device Outer housing or the inner housing is emptied.

Ideally, the liquid of the at least one fluid container has a low boiling point. It is preferred if the fluid is a liquid which has a boiling point between 60 ° Celsius and 150 ° Celsius. Further, a liquid having substances for killing microorganisms is preferable. For this purpose, disinfectants may be provided in the liquid.

In another preferred embodiment of the fire and impact protected housing is provided that the fluid of the at least one fluid container comprises a gas or a mixture of at least two gases. The at least one fluid container of the fire and impact protected housing is advantageously at least partially made of plastic and / or metal. For example, the at least one fluid container may consist entirely of metal or a metal alloy. Metal conducts the heat of the component well to the fluid in the at least one fluid container, so that the heat can be quickly and effectively removed from the interior of the outer housing or the inner housing. However, it can also be provided that only the end faces of the at least one fluid container, which face the component or the environment, consist of metal, while the remainder of the at least one fluid container is made of plastic or of another material , As a result, the heat transfer into the fluid or from the fluid can be better controlled. Furthermore, it may be advantageously provided that the at least one fluid container has a predetermined breaking point on the component side and / or side, so that the emptying device simply makes it possible to empty the fluid in the direction of the component or vice versa via this predetermined breaking point can. The plastic is preferably a thermoplastic, in particular polyethylene or polypropylene, and / or a thermoset and / or silicone.

A further advantageous embodiment of the at least one fluid container of the fire- and impact-protected housing provides that the at least one fluid container has at least one flexible region. Thus, in particular, the end face of the at least one fluid container, which faces the heat-generating component, be designed to be flexible. In this way, the emptying of the fluid of the at least one fluid container in the direction of the component can be simplified. Analogously, the side of the at least one fluid container facing away from the heat-generating component can also be designed to be flexible. Thus, the plastic container may at least partially have a plastic bag. This can be easily destroyed or damaged by the at least one emptying device, so that the fluid can easily be emptied into the outer housing or the inner housing in case of fire. The at least one fluid container can also be designed completely as a plastic bag.

The at least one fluid container may further comprise copper, aluminum or a metallic alloy, in particular an aluminum or copper alloy. These metals conduct heat very well and are relatively light, so that the total weight of the fire and impact protected housing can be kept low. Furthermore, a fire- and impact-protected housing is advantageous, in which at least part of the area of the at least one fluid container facing the interior of the inner housing and / or the outer area of the outer housing of the fire- and impact-protected housing, on the inner and / or or outside is structured or has channels. As a result, the surface is enlarged at these areas of the at least one fluid container, whereby heat can be better absorbed or discharged. The structuring can be done for example by depressions or grooves, similar to radiators or heat sinks.

Another advantageous fire- and impact-protected housing provides that the impact-damping material at least partially a plastically deformable material, in particular plaster has. As a further option, rubbers, foamed elastomers, foamed duromers, flexible foams, silicones, rubbers, in particular HTV silicone rubbers, or strontium titanate can be used as a plastically deformable material. By such materials it is ensured that an impact, such as a shock or fall, absorbed on the fire and impact protected housing or the outer housing and not or only attenuated to the heat-generating component, in particular the electronic component is passed. The heat-generating component or the inner housing, which comprises the heat-generating component, thereby remains largely undamaged.

The plastically deformable material of the fire and impact protected housing can be structured. This again increases the plastic deformation capability so that the plastically deformable material can convert more kinetic energy into strain energy. For this purpose, the plastically deformable material, for example, spherical or hemispherical particles and / or areas have. The structure of the plastically deformable material may increase in sections in the inside in cross section or even downsize. The structure may also be formed in sections in a consistent manner in sections.

In a further preferred embodiment of the fire and impact protected housing can be provided that the outer casing of the fire and impact protected housing at least partially plastic, metal or a mixture of plastic and metal has. An outer housing, which at least partially plastic, metal or a mixture of plastic and metal, is particularly well suited to give the fire and impact protected housing a high stability. Further Such materials serve as good protection against external influences on the outer casing of the fire and impact protected housing.

The outer jacket surface of the outer housing can advantageously have, at least in places, a layer which can be foamed up with increasing heat development, for example a fire protection coating. Thus, for example, the outer surface of the outer housing but also the entire outer housing of the fire and impact protected housing having a foamed metal and / or foam glass. Metal foams have a variety of applications. Metal foams are lightweight, have good acoustic and thermal insulation properties. Furthermore, such metal foams can absorb high kinetic energies.

The heat dissipation takes place in the fire and impact protected housing on the environment facing the end face of the at least one fluid container and / or on the housing elements of the outer housing. For better cooling or dissipation of the heat generated by the enclosed component, an additional cooling element, for example a heat sink, may be provided. Advantageously, a fire and impact-protected housing, in which at least one heat sink is releasably secured to the outer circumferential surface of the outer housing, in particular in the region of the at least one fluid container. This allows the heat to be dissipated more effectively. The heat sink has the task to increase the area over which the heat loss can be discharged, and thereby reduce the thermal resistance. The heat sink preferably has a good heat-conductive metal, in particular aluminum or copper. In this case, the heat sink may be formed as a ribbed metal block. Further, the heat sink may be a metal plate with pressed-in blades made of copper or aluminum. In a further embodiment, the heat sink is a stamped or formed sheet. To improve the heat transfer can be provided that the contact surface of the heat sink to a housing element to which at least one fluid container or to the environment by mechanical processing, in particular by milling or grinding , just made. The heat sink can also have carbon nanotubes, for example.

Preference is given to a fire and impact-protected housing in which the at least one heat sink is arranged in a material-locking and / or non-positive and / or positive-locking manner on the outer housing of the fire-proof and impact-protected housing. Thus, the heat sink can be fastened by a screw connection or by a clamping connection to the outer housing. Furthermore, the heat sink on the outer housing be attached by a welded or glued connection. It can thus be provided that the material is closed by a material which melts during a heat development, in particular by an adhesive. The heat sink can be arranged in such a way on the outer casing of the fire and impact protected housing that it peels off in the event of fire or is easily removable. The attachment of the heat sink to the outer housing can therefore be advantageously carried out by plastic elements, such as screws or molded plastic parts. Further, a fire and impact protected housing is advantageous in which the heat sink is arranged with a low-melting alloy on the outer housing. Particularly suitable is an adhesive that dissolves when exceeding a certain heat. Furthermore, a fire- and impact-protected housing is advantageous in which between the heat sink and the outer housing a foaming in case of fire material, such as a fire protection coating or fire protection mats, is located.

A further preferred embodiment of the fire- and impact-protected housing provides that at least one electrical line for electrical connection of the at least one electronic component is provided within the fire- and impact-protected housing or the inner housing. These electrical lines may be pre-installed in the walls of the housing elements of the outer housing of the fire and impact protected housing and / or the inner housing. The electrical leads can pass directly from the housing elements of the outer housing to the heat-generating component. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the electrical leads do not pass directly from the outer housing elements of the outer housing to the heat-generating component, but are guided via intermediate elements, in particular in or on the inner housing and / or the thermal insulation and / or the impact-damping material.

Advantageously, a separating device for severing at least one electrical line which connects the at least one electronic component within the fire-resistant and impact-protected housing or the inner housing may be provided. This separator cuts the electrical line in case of fire, i. when exceeding a certain external temperature. To trigger the separator, a sensor element may be provided.

In a preferred embodiment of the fire and impact protected housing, the separator is a solder joint. The solder joint can be formed in this way be that it melts when a certain temperature is exceeded, thereby separating, for example, the power supply.

In a further embodiment of the fire- and impact-protected housing, at least one electrical line is formed at least partially from a low-melting material, for example a tin alloy. As a result, the thermal contact is at least partially interrupted in the event of fire from the environment to the inner housing via the electrical lines.

Furthermore, a fire- and impact-protected housing may be advantageous in which the electrical lines have electronic elements against overvoltage of the electrical lines. As a result, the heat-generating components, in particular the electronic components, can be protected against destruction due to an overvoltage. The electrical lines are preferably sealed in the recess for carrying out at least one electrical line with silicone.

For secure attachment of the electrical lines, these can be cohesively arranged on the outer housing or the inner housing, in particular by an adhesive connection.

The electrical lines can furthermore be mechanically prestressed, in particular by a spring element, arranged on the inner housing and / or the outer housing and / or the thermal insulation and / or the impact-damping material of the fire- and impact-protected housing. As a result, the electrical lines can be cut quickly and easily as soon as a certain temperature is exceeded. This ensures that in case of fire, the power supply and the thermal contact of the components enclosed by the fire and impact-protected housing is at least partially interrupted. The electrical lines may, for example, copper, aluminum or copper or aluminum alloys or tin alloys have. But there are also other electrically conductive materials used. Thus, the electrical line is cut due to the mechanical bias in an external impact on the fire and impact protected housing or on the outer housing. This ensures that there is no current flow or thermal contact via the electrical lines to the electronic component, if damage to the fire and impact protected housing is given. Furthermore, a fire and impact-protected housing is preferred, in which a hygroscopic material is provided in the interior of the outer housing and / or the inner housing. The advantage of the hygroscopic material is that it attracts the fluid released when the at least one fluid container is emptied, in particular the water. A typical property of hygroscopic substances is the absorption of moisture (water vapor) from the surrounding air. As a result, the enclosed components can be additionally cooled in the event of fire and thus effectively protected against external heat. For example, substances which have salts, in particular calcium chloride, can be used as the hygroscopic material.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the fire and impact-protected housing, the hygroscopic material may at least partially comprise silica gel and / or zeolites. Silica gel or silica gel is a porous form of silica, amorphous silicic acid in a solid state, with a large internal surface area. As a result, it can be used as absorption material or adsorption material because it has a strong hygroscopic effect. Zeolites form a species-rich family of relatively complex silicate minerals. Depending on the type, the minerals of the zeolite group can store up to about 40 percent of the dry weight of water. The zeolites can be constructed as fiber zeolites, zeolite zeolites or cube zeolites.

Furthermore, a fire and impact-protected housing is preferred in which the emptying device has at least one sensor element, in particular a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor, for actuating the at least one emptying device. The sensor element allows the emptying of the fluid from the fluid container to a previously determinable condition. Thus, the actuation of the at least one emptying device can be coupled to a specific pressure and / or a specific temperature. Upon reaching the pressure and / or the temperature, the at least one emptying device is actuated so that the fluid is released from the fluid container in order to additionally protect the component from external heat. The at least one emptying device is assigned, for example, to the side of the at least one fluid container which faces or faces away from the enclosed components.

Particularly preferred is a fire and impact protected housing, wherein the sensor element comprises a glass keg containing a special liquid and a small amount of air. When the temperature rises, the special liquid expands in the glass keg. The pressure increases until the air trapped in the glass vessel is absorbed. As the temperature continues to rise, the pressure increases rapidly, causing the glass keg to burst and release the seal. The bursting of the glass bottle can be used as a trigger for operating the at least one emptying device. Glass kegs are available for different temperatures, which is characterized by a different coloration of the liquid. Bright red vials start at 57 ° C, red at 68 ° C and violet only at 182 ° C. In between are the categories yellow (79 ° C), green (93 ° C) and blue (141 ⁰ C). Thus, suitable glass kegs are available for every application.

In another advantageous embodiment of the fire and impact protected housing, the sensor element has a bimetallic element. In this case, the bimetallic element may be a bimetallic switch with a bimetallic strip. The bimetallic strip consists of two metals with different thermal expansion coefficients. They expand differently when heated, which bends the bimetallic strip. Depending on the position of the two metal layers, the bend causes an opening or closing of a circuit, whereby the actuation of the at least one emptying device can take place. The bimetal stiffeners can be designed such that they can be bent at a wide variety of temperatures. At least one bimetal strip may be arranged such that it mechanically causes the emptying of the at least one fluid container, and / or triggers it via intermediate elements, such as a prestressed spring.

The sensor element of the fire and impact protected housing may further comprise a shape memory alloy (SMA). Shape memory alloys are often referred to as memory metals. This is due to the phenomenon that they seem to recall an earlier design despite subsequent severe deformation.

Preference is also given to a fire and impact protected housing in which the at least one emptying device is electrically or magnetically actuated. Also advantageous is an emptying device which has a tin or a tin alloy. The at least one emptying device can also have an opening element, in particular a cutting tool, for opening the fluid container. Thus, for example, a cutting-like tool can destroy or damage the at least one fluid container so that the fluid is released for cooling the component or the heat contact with the environment is at least partly due to the fluid. is interrupted. The cutting tool can also be a blunt object which destroys or damages the at least one fluid container. The cutting tool can, for example, cut or perforate the at least one fluid container. Another preferred variant of the fire and impact-protected housing provides that the opening element of the at least one emptying device has a valve. In this case, the valve may comprise a fusible material, in particular wax, plastic, tin or a tin alloy, wherein the valve is actuated by the melting of the fusible material. Ideally, the melting point of the fusible substance is at a temperature between 50 ° Celsius and 200 ° Celsius, in particular between 50 ° Celsius and 150 ° Celsius. Of the

Melting point of the meltable substance may, for example, below 200 ° Celsius, below 150 ° Celsius, below 100 ° Celsius or below 80 ° Celsius.

Furthermore, a fire and impact-protected housing is preferred in which between the first housing element and / or the at least one second housing element and the inner housing, a heat-insulating material is provided. The heat-insulating material may be, for example, mineral wool, metal foam, foam glass and / or a foamed plastic.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a method for protecting at least one heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component, by a fire- and impact-protected housing, which is designed to accommodate at least one heat-generating component, in particular an electronic component , wherein the fire-resistant and impact-protected housing has a first housing element, in particular a bottom element, and at least one second housing element, in particular a cover element, wherein the first housing element and the at least one second housing element form a closed outer housing in an assembled state wherein the generated heat of the heat-generating component, in particular of the electronic component, by a fluid, which in at least one fluid container, which on the heat generating component facing and / or facing away from the first housing at least one emptying device is disposed of the fluid of the at least one fluid container in. If at least one emptying device outside of the fire- and impact-protected housing is exceeded the interior of the fire and impact protected housing, in particular in the outer housing or the inner casing, releases. Such a method enables a simple, inexpensive and secure protection of a heat-generating component. In the normal case, ie when there is no fire, the heat of the component is dissipated by the fluid in the at least one fluid container to the outer housing and thus to the environment outside the fire and impact protected housing. This is done in particular by a free convection of the fluid in the at least one fluid container. In the event of fire, ie when a predetermined temperature is exceeded, the at least one emptying device releases the fluid for cooling the component, as well as for at least partially interrupting the thermal contact via the fluid to the outside. As a result, the component can be protected from heat and thus from rapid destruction for a longer time.

Preference is given to a method in which the heat of the heat-generating component, in particular the electronic component, is derived by a previously described inventive fire and impact protected housing or in which the heat generating component, in particular the electronic component, when exceeding a predetermined external temperature is protected by a previously described inventive fire and impact protected housing from external heat.

Also preferred is a method in which the protection of the heat-generating component, in particular the electronic component, within the fire and impact protected housing is realized in that when exceeding a predetermined outside temperature, the fluid of at least one fluid container into the interior of the Inner housing and / or the outer housing of the fire and impact protected housing is released.

The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a fire and impact protected housing according to the invention.

1 shows schematically a possible inventive fire and impact-protected housing 1 is shown. The fire and impact-protected housing 1 has a first housing element 21 and a second housing element 22. When closed, the first housing element 21 and the second housing element form 22, the outer housing 2. Further, the fire and impact protected housing 1, an inner housing 3, comprising a first inner housing member 31 and a second inner nengehäuseelement 32, on. Within the inner housing 3, a heat generating component 4 is arranged. This arrangement of the heat-generating component 4 within the inner housing 3 ensures, on the one hand, that the component 4 is protected from external mechanical influences on the fire-resistant and impact-protected housing 1 or on the outer housing 2. In the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2 openings 7 may be provided, in which a fluid container 5 is seated. It is also conceivable that the fluid container 5 is firmly seated in the openings 7 of the inner housing 3 and the outer housing 2. In this embodiment, two fluid containers 5 are provided. The fluid containers 5 enclose a fluid 6, in particular water or alcohol, which dissipates the heat generated by the enclosed component 4 to the environment. The heat transfer takes place in particular by free convection, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the circular arrows within the fluid container 5. The fluid container 5, for example, have a rectangular cross-section. Furthermore, emptying devices 9 are shown, which are arranged on the inside of the inner housing 3 and on the side of the Fluidbehäl- 5 facing the component 4. It is also conceivable that the emptying device is arranged on the outer housing. As a result, for example, the inner housing can be cooled by the exiting fluid and the heat-generating components would not be exposed directly to the exiting fluid. In the event of fire, sensor elements not shown, which are in operative connection with the emptying devices 9, measure the temperature outside or possibly inside the fire and impact-protected housing 1. Upon reaching a previously determinable temperature, the sensor elements trigger actuation of the emptying devices 9, which in turn release the fluids 6 from the fluid containers 5 in the direction of the component 4. This results in an additional cooling of the component 4. Further, by the release of the fluids 6 is prevented or reduced that the fluids transfer the heat from outside the fire and impact protected housing 1 to the component 4. In the embodiment, a cavity is further provided between the outer housing 2 and the inner housing 3, which is partially or completely filled by an impact-damping material, in particular by gypsum or foam glass. Further, a heat-insulating material is disposed on the inside of the outer housing 2 and on the outer side of the inner housing 3, respectively. The inner housing 3 is also formed in two parts, so that the heat generating Components 4 can be inserted into the inner housing. The inner housing 3 therefore has a first inner housing element 31 and a second inner housing element 32.

The invention relates to a fire and impact protected housing 1 for predominantly electronic components 4, wherein the resulting heat loss of the electronic components 4 is transported by a fluid 6 by convection, in particular convection, from the inside out. At high outside temperature, i. In case of fire, the fluid 6 is removed from the fluid containers 5 and preferably directed in the direction of the components 4 and the outer housing 2. By the removal of the fluid 6, the heat transfer from the outside in the direction of the component 4 is at least partially interrupted in case of fire. This solution is more reliable and cheaper than, for example, a solution using a fan and butterfly valves.

The main advantage of the invention lies in the simple and reliable heat transfer by Eigenkonvektion a fluid 6 and the high fire protection in case of fire with removed fluid 6. Another advantage is the additional cooling in case of fire by evaporation of a liquid fluid. 6

The fire-resistant and impact-resistant housing 1 according to the invention makes it possible that the power loss during operation of the component 4 is dissipated as freely as possible to the outside and in the case of a fire as little heat energy passes from outside to inside.

The fire and impact protected housing 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for protecting hard disks or memory cards. In this case, a plurality of electronic components 4 can be enclosed by the fire and impact-protected housing 1. An outer steel outer casing 2 with a fire protection coating 11 proves to be particularly effective. Thereafter the following layer structure: mineral wool and / or

Foam glass 8, structured gypsum boards 10 as impact protection, mineral wool and / or foam glass 8, inner housing 3 and an electronic component 4, such as a hard drive.

Another particularly advantageous layer structure of the fire and impact protected housing provides the following structure from outside to inside: outer steel housing with a fire protection coating fire protection mortar and / or gypsum

Vapor barrier, such as a plastic film and / or foam glass. The vapor barrier prevents the penetration of water vapor to the inner housing. Without Dampfsper- re the water vapor would condense on the inner housing and this heat very quickly to about 100 ⁰ C.

Insulating material such as mineral wool and / or foamed plastics Latent heat storage (e.g., sodium acetate trihydrate, wax ...). These consume a lot of heat energy through a phase transition (e.g., solid / liquid). As a result, the temperature of the inner housing remains almost constant for a long time.

Inner housing with desiccant Electronic component

Due to this layer structure, the inside of the outer housing remains at a low temperature for a long time. The insulation does not have to bridge a large temperature difference, whereby the heat input to the inner housing is small.

As a heat exchanger, water-filled plastic bags 5 are in direct contact with the inner and outer housings 3, 2. If, for example, the hard disk 4 warms up during operation, the water 6 begins to circulate in the plastic bags 5 (convection) and thus ensures cooling 4. In the case of a fire, for example, a prestressed spring with a knife attached is released by a thermal fuse and the plastic bags 5 are damaged. As a result, the water runs out and the heat transfer through the fluid 6 is at least partially interrupted. The leaked water 6 is now also used by evaporation as cooling.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 fire and impact protected housing

2 housings

3 inner housing

4 heat generating component

5 fluid containers

6 fluid

7 opening

8 heat-insulating material

9 emptying device

10 impact-absorbing material

11 foamable layer

21 first housing element

22 second housing element

31 first inner housing element

32 second Innenαehäuseelement

Claims

claims

1. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) for receiving at least one heat-generating component (4), in particular an electronic component, with a first housing element (21) and at least one second housing element (22), wherein the first housing element (21) and the at least one second housing element (22) in a joined state forming a closed outer housing (2), that an inner housing (3) within the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact protected housing (1) is provided, wherein the inner housing (3 ), wherein the first inner housing element (31) and the at least one second inner housing element (32) in a joined state form a closed inner housing (2) which at least a heat generating component (4) enclosing that on the heat generating component (4) side facing the first housing element (21) and / or the at least one second housing element (22) at least one fluid container (5) is arranged with a liquid (6) that the at least one fluid container (5) on the heat generating component (4 ) facing away from the first Innengehäuseele- element (31) and / or the at least one second inner housing member (32) is arranged, and that at least one emptying device (9) for emptying the fluid container (5) in the interior of the outer housing (2) of the brand - And impact-protected housing (1) is provided.

2. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer housing (2) and the inner housing (3) each have a recess for carrying at least one line, in particular an e-lectric line, at least one of the heat having generating component (4).

3. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the first housing element (21) and / or the at least one second housing element (22) and / or the first inner housing element (31) and / or the at least one second inner housing element (32) has / have at least one opening (7) and that in the at least one opening (7) a part of the at least one fluid container (5), which includes the fluid (6) is arranged.

4. fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one opening (7) in the outer housing (2) in alignment with at least one opening (7) in the inner housing (3) for receiving the at least one fluid container (5) is arranged.

5. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the outer housing (2) and the inner housing (3) is formed a cavity.

6. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that in the cavity an impact-absorbing and / or heat-insulating material (10) is provided.

7. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the cavity a vapor barrier, in particular in the form of a plastic film and / or foam glass, is provided.

8. fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one fluid container (5) positive and / or non-positively on the outer housing (2) and / or on the inner housing (3) and / or on the impact-damping material (10) and / or on the heat-insulating material (8) is arranged.

9. fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one fluid container (5) cohesively on the outer housing (2) and / or on the inner housing (3) and / or on the impact-absorbing material (10) and / or on the heat-insulating material (8) is arranged.

10. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one fluid container (5) is cylindrical, cuboid, cube-shaped, spherical, prismatic or egg-shaped.

11. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the fluid (6) comprises water, alcohol or water and alcohol.

12. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

11, characterized in that the fluid (6) is a liquid having a boiling point between 60 ° Celsius and 150 ° Celsius.

13. fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the fluid (6) is a liquid which has substances for killing microorganisms.

14. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the fluid (6) comprises a gas or a mixture of at least two gases.

15. fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one fluid container (5) is at least partially made of plastic and / or metal.

16. fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the plastic comprises a thermoplastic, in particular polyethylene or polypropylene, and / or a thermosetting plastic.

17. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the plastic comprises silicone.

18. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the at least one fluid container (5) has at least one flexible region.

19. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the metal comprises copper, aluminum or a metallic alloy.

20. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that at least part of the area of the at least at least one fluid container (5), which faces the interior of the inner housing (3) and / or the outer region of the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact-protected housing (1), is structured on the inner and / or outer side or has channels ,

21. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 7 to 20, characterized in that the impact-damping material (10) at least partially a plastically deformable material, in particular gypsum.

22. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that the plastically deformable material is structured.

23. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to any one of claims 21 or

22, characterized in that the plastically deformable material has hemispherical particles and / or regions.

24. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

23, characterized in that the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact-protected housing (1) at least partially plastic, metal or a mixture of plastic and metal.

25. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

24, characterized in that the outer circumferential surface of the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact protected housing (1) at least partially a foamable in an increasing heat development layer (11), in particular a fire protection coating comprises.

26. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

25, characterized in that on the outer circumferential surface of the outer housing (2), in particular in the region of the at least one fluid container (5), at least one heat sink is releasably secured.

27 fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 26, characterized in that the at least one heat sink is arranged cohesively and / or non-positively and / or positively on the outer housing (2).

28. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 27, characterized in that the material bond and / or adhesion and / or positive fit by a melting in a heat development material, in particular an adhesive and / or a plastic takes place.

29. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

28, characterized in that electrical lines for electrical connection of the at least one electronic component (4) within the outer housing (2) and the inner housing (3) are provided.

30. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

29, characterized in that a separating device for the separation of at least one electrical line, which connects the at least one electronic component (4) within the outer housing (2) and the inner housing (3), is provided.

31. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 30, characterized in that the separating device is a solder joint.

32. Fire and impact protected housing (1) according to any one of claims 29 to

31, characterized in that the electrical lines have electronic ele- ments against overvoltage of the electrical lines.

33. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that the electrical lines in the recess for carrying at least one electrical line, in particular with silicone, are sealed.

34. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that the electrical lines to the inner housing (3) are cohesively, in particular by an adhesive connection, are arranged.

35. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 29 to 34, characterized in that the electrical lines are mechanically biased, in particular by a spring element, on the inner housing (3). and / or the outer housing (2) and / or the thermal insulation (8) and / or the impact-damping material (10) are arranged.

36. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 29 to 35, characterized in that at least one electrical line at least partially from a low-melting material, in particular a tin alloy formed.

37. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 36, characterized in that inside the outer housing (2) and / or the inner housing (3) a hygroscopic material is provided.

38. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 37, characterized in that the hygroscopic material comprises at least partially silica gel and / or zeolites.

39. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 38, characterized in that the at least one emptying device (9) has at least one sensor element, in particular a temperature sensor and / or a pressure sensor for actuating the emptying device (9).

40. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 39, characterized in that the sensor element comprises a glass keg containing a special liquid and a small amount of air.

41. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 39, characterized in that the sensor element comprises a bimetallic element.

42. Fire and impact protected housing (1) according to claim 39, character- ized in that the sensor element comprises a shape memory alloy (SMA).

43. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 42, characterized in that the at least one emptying device (9) is electrically or magnetically actuated.

44. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

43, characterized in that the at least one emptying device (9) comprises tin or a tin alloy.

45. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to

44, characterized in that the at least one emptying device (9) has an opening element, in particular a cutting tool, for opening the at least one fluid container (5).

46. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 45, characterized in that the opening element has a valve.

47. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 46, characterized in that the valve comprises a fusible material, in particular wax, plastic, tin or a tin alloy, wherein the valve through the

Melting of the fusible material is actuated.

48. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 47, characterized in that the melting point of the fusible substance at a temperature between 50 ° Celsius and 200 ° Celsius, in particular between 50 °

Celsius and 150 ° Celsius.

49. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to claim 47, characterized in that the melting point of the fusible material at a temperature between 50 ° Celsius and 100 ° Celsius, in particular between 50 °

Celsius and 80 ° Celsius.

50. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 49, characterized in that between the first housing se¬ element (21) and / or the at least one second housing element (22) of the outer housing (2) and the Inner housing (3) a heat-insulating material (8) is provided.

51. Fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 50, characterized in that an absorbent layer on the inner circumferential surface of the outer housing (2) and / or on the outer circumferential surface of the inner housing (3) at least is arranged in regions.

52. A method for protecting at least one heat generating component (4), in particular an electronic component, by a fire and impact protected housing (1), which is designed to receive at least one heat generating component (4), wherein the fire and impact-protected housing (1) a first housing element (21) and at least one second housing element (22), wherein the first housing element (21) and the at least one second housing element (22) form a closed outer housing (2) in an assembled state, and wherein an inner housing (3) within the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact protected

Housing (1) is provided, wherein the inner housing (3) has a first Innengehäuseelement (31) and at least a second inner housing member (32) and wherein the first inner housing member (31) and the at least one second inner housing member (32) in an assembled Form a closed inner housing (2), which surrounds the at least one heat-generating component (4), characterized in that the heat generated the heat-generating component (4) by a liquid (6) which in at least one fluid container ( 5), on the side of the first housing element (21) facing the heat-generating component (4) and / or the at least one second housing element (22) and the side of the first inner housing element facing away from the heat-generating component (4) (31) and / or the at least one second inner housing element (32) is arranged, is derived, and that when exceeded at least one emptying device (9) at a predetermined temperature outside the fire-resistant and impact-protected housing (1)

Liquid (6) of the at least one fluid container (5) in the interior of the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact protected housing (1) releases.

53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that the heat of the heat-generating component (4), in particular of the electronic component, is derived by a fire- and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 52 or that the heat generating component (4), in particular the electronic component, when a predetermined external temperature is exceeded by a fire and impact-protected housing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 52 protected from heat from the outside.

54. The method according to claim 53, characterized in that the protection of the heat-generating component (4), in particular of the electronic component, within the fire- and impact-protected housing (1) is realized in that when exceeding a predetermined outside temperature, the fluid ( 6) of the at least one fluid container (5) in the interior of the inner housing (3) and / or the outer housing (2) of the fire and impact protected housing (1) is released.