WO2008080177A1 - Apparatus and method for treatment of human excrement - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for treatment of human excrement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008080177A1
WO2008080177A1 PCT/ZA2006/000153 ZA2006000153W WO2008080177A1 WO 2008080177 A1 WO2008080177 A1 WO 2008080177A1 ZA 2006000153 W ZA2006000153 W ZA 2006000153W WO 2008080177 A1 WO2008080177 A1 WO 2008080177A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composting
conduit
excrement
solid matter
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2006/000153
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
David Maartens
Original Assignee
David Maartens
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by David Maartens filed Critical David Maartens
Priority to PCT/ZA2006/000153 priority Critical patent/WO2008080177A1/en
Publication of WO2008080177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008080177A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus and a method of treatment of human excrement, and in particular human excrement.
  • Apparatus for the treatment of human excrement in rural and other areas includes deep drops, soak pits, and some other types. These are inconsistent in their efficacy because factors such as weather conditions, properties of the soil involved, moisture content of the excrement, degree of use and others influence the breakdown of the solid matter.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus and method that result in excellent composting of the solid matter and also avoids, or at least greatly decreases the bad odours generally associated with soak pits, long drops and the like.
  • Yet another object of the invention is the production of a useful fertilising material.
  • apparatus for composting of the solid matter of human excrement, including an inclined conduit adapted to move excrement upwardly to an elevated position, from where it drops into a composting chamber adapted to retain the solid material for sufficient time to permit substantially complete aerobic composting; and outlet means for discharging the composted product.
  • a toilet bowl is included, the contents of which are adapted to be led to the inclined conduit - for example by means of a screw conveyor in a conduit linking the toilet bowl and the inclined conduit.
  • the conveyor may be operated by means of a crank handle available to the user.
  • the mechanical movement of the solid matter may be assisted by a hand pump such as a push-pull suction pump.
  • liquid phase of the excrement is separated from the solid content prior to the movement of the latter in the inclined conduit. This not only reduces the volume of matter required to be composted but also removes substantially the cause of the major odour problems.
  • This liquid phase may be discharged from the apparatus and used for whatever purpose desired- for example as a fertiliser solution or the recovery of urea.
  • the inclined conduit and/or the composting chamber may include air vents to ensure that aerobic conditions pertain.
  • conduit and/or chamber may include surface features that permit solar radiation to be used to foster the composting action.
  • an inspection cover may be provided that can double as an inlet for solar radiation. If the cover is curved, the solar radiation will be concentrated by refraction on to the solid matter.
  • a method of treating human excrement includes the steps of moving the excrement upwardly, allowing it to fall into a composting chamber and to be retained therein for a period sufficient for substantial composting to take place; and removing the product from the chamber.
  • liquid phase is separated from the solid matter prior to the upward movement of the solid matter.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional side view of one form of apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a similar view of another form of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a similar view of yet another form of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side view of a portion of alternate apparatus.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of a toilet bowl for use in the invention.
  • a toilet bowl 10 is mounted on a conduit 12. This conduit leads to an inclined conduit 14 that, in turn, leads to a chamber 16. The excrement is retained in the chamber for a period sufficient for the solid matter to be aerobically composted.
  • the excrement from the toilet falls into the conduit 12 and is moved to the inclined conduit by means of a screw conveyor 20.
  • This conveyor is connected to a small diameter screw 22 to assist the movement of the matter up the conduit 14 and over the weir 24 into the chamber.
  • the conveyor 20 is activated by means of a crank handle 30 operable by the user, and a flexible connector 32 transfers the rotation of screw 20 to the conveyor 22.
  • a vent 32 permits extraction of excess gas.
  • the arrangement is similar but includes a push-pull hand pump 34 to assist the user in having the excrement moved to the inclined conduit.
  • a translucent inspection cover 36 This cover is concave so that the sun's rays are concentrated inwardly to provide heat for assistance to the composting reaction .
  • An air vent 37 is provided at a high level.
  • the composting chamber has a corrugated zone 38 to collect the solar radiation.
  • the toilet bowl includes a shelf 40 with an orifice 42. This shelf collects the urine of a user so that the solid matter is concentrated for treatment in the composting chamber. The urine can be led off for further use or recovery of valuable urea.
  • FIG 5 is the same as Figure 2 but shows air vents 44.
  • a drainage plug 46 is provided to remove excess liquid phase.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for converting excrement into compost; consisting of a toilet bowl (10), an inclined conduit (12,14) for transporting solid matter and a composting chamber (16). The conduit is provided with a screw conveyor (20,22) or the like operated by means of a crank handle (30). Any liquid is separated and drained before solid matter enters the composting chamber. The composting chamber has air vents (44) and formations (38) to allow solar radiation to facilitate the composting process.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF HUMAN EXCREMENT
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to apparatus and a method of treatment of human excrement, and in particular human excrement.
BACKGROUND ART
Apparatus for the treatment of human excrement in rural and other areas includes deep drops, soak pits, and some other types. These are inconsistent in their efficacy because factors such as weather conditions, properties of the soil involved, moisture content of the excrement, degree of use and others influence the breakdown of the solid matter.
These arrangements are generally very odorous due to incomplete degradation of the solid and other matter.
It is an object of the present invention to provide apparatus and a method of treating human excrement that is relatively consistent despite variations in the factors mentioned above.
Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus and method that result in excellent composting of the solid matter and also avoids, or at least greatly decreases the bad odours generally associated with soak pits, long drops and the like.
Yet another object of the invention is the production of a useful fertilising material.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention apparatus is provided for composting of the solid matter of human excrement, including an inclined conduit adapted to move excrement upwardly to an elevated position, from where it drops into a composting chamber adapted to retain the solid material for sufficient time to permit substantially complete aerobic composting; and outlet means for discharging the composted product.
In a preferred form of the invention a toilet bowl is included, the contents of which are adapted to be led to the inclined conduit - for example by means of a screw conveyor in a conduit linking the toilet bowl and the inclined conduit. The conveyor may be operated by means of a crank handle available to the user. The mechanical movement of the solid matter may be assisted by a hand pump such as a push-pull suction pump.
It is preferred that the liquid phase of the excrement is separated from the solid content prior to the movement of the latter in the inclined conduit. This not only reduces the volume of matter required to be composted but also removes substantially the cause of the major odour problems. This liquid phase may be discharged from the apparatus and used for whatever purpose desired- for example as a fertiliser solution or the recovery of urea.
The inclined conduit and/or the composting chamber may include air vents to ensure that aerobic conditions pertain.
In addition, the conduit and/or chamber may include surface features that permit solar radiation to be used to foster the composting action. Thus, an inspection cover may be provided that can double as an inlet for solar radiation. If the cover is curved, the solar radiation will be concentrated by refraction on to the solid matter.
According to the invention a method of treating human excrement includes the steps of moving the excrement upwardly, allowing it to fall into a composting chamber and to be retained therein for a period sufficient for substantial composting to take place; and removing the product from the chamber.
In the preferred form of the invention the liquid phase is separated from the solid matter prior to the upward movement of the solid matter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a sectional side view of one form of apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a similar view of another form of the invention;
Figure 3 is a similar view of yet another form of the invention;
Figure 4 is a side view of a portion of alternate apparatus; and
Figure 5 is a plan view of a toilet bowl for use in the invention.
BESTMODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In Figure 1 a toilet bowl 10 is mounted on a conduit 12. This conduit leads to an inclined conduit 14 that, in turn, leads to a chamber 16. The excrement is retained in the chamber for a period sufficient for the solid matter to be aerobically composted.
The excrement from the toilet falls into the conduit 12 and is moved to the inclined conduit by means of a screw conveyor 20. This conveyor is connected to a small diameter screw 22 to assist the movement of the matter up the conduit 14 and over the weir 24 into the chamber.
The conveyor 20 is activated by means of a crank handle 30 operable by the user, and a flexible connector 32 transfers the rotation of screw 20 to the conveyor 22.
A vent 32 permits extraction of excess gas.
In Figure 2, the arrangement is similar but includes a push-pull hand pump 34 to assist the user in having the excrement moved to the inclined conduit. In addition, there is a translucent inspection cover 36. This cover is concave so that the sun's rays are concentrated inwardly to provide heat for assistance to the composting reaction .An air vent 37 is provided at a high level. Turning to Figure 3, the composting chamber has a corrugated zone 38 to collect the solar radiation.
In Figure 4 the toilet bowl includes a shelf 40 with an orifice 42. This shelf collects the urine of a user so that the solid matter is concentrated for treatment in the composting chamber. The urine can be led off for further use or recovery of valuable urea.
Figure 5 is the same as Figure 2 but shows air vents 44. A drainage plug 46 is provided to remove excess liquid phase.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. An apparatus for composting the solid matter of excrement including a conduit adapted to move matter from a receiving station to a treatment station characterized in that the conduit includes an inclined zone with means to move excrement upwardly to an elevated position, from where it drops into a composting chamber adapted to retain the solid material for sufficient time to permit substantially complete aerobic composting; and outlet means for discharging the composted product.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the receiving station is associated with a toilet bowl.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the contents of the receiving station are led to the inclined zone by means of a screw conveyer in the conduit linking the receiving station and the inclined zone.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claims 3, characterized in that the conveyer is operated by means of a crank handle, available to the user.
5. An apparatus as claimed in any of the above claims characterized in that the movement of solid matter is assisted by a hand pump.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 characterized in that the hand pump is a push-pull suction pump.
7. An apparatus as claimed in any of the above claims characterized in that the liquid phase of the excrement is separated from the solid matter at least prior to the movement of the latter in the inclined conduit.
8. An apparatus as claimed in any of the above claims characterized in that the inclined zone and/or the composting chamber includes air vents.
9. An apparatus as claimed in any of the above claims characterized in that the inclined zone is an inclined conduit.
10. An apparatus as claimed in any of the above claims characterized in that it includes surface features on the inclined zone, conduit and/or the chamber that permit solar radiation to foster the composting action.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10 characterized in that a surface feature is an inspection cover.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11 characterized in that the inspection cover is curved.
13. A method of treating human excrement characterized in that it includes the steps of moving the excrement upwardly, allowing it to fall into a composting chamber, retaining it therein for a period sufficient for substantial composting to take place; and removing the product from the chamber.
14. A method as claimed in claim 14 characterized in that the liquid phase is separated from the solid matter prior to the upward movement of the solid matter.
PCT/ZA2006/000153 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Apparatus and method for treatment of human excrement WO2008080177A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ZA2006/000153 WO2008080177A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Apparatus and method for treatment of human excrement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ZA2006/000153 WO2008080177A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Apparatus and method for treatment of human excrement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008080177A1 true WO2008080177A1 (en) 2008-07-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2006/000153 WO2008080177A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Apparatus and method for treatment of human excrement

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2942949A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-17 Rene Hemery Device for discharging matters e.g. excrements, of waterless lavatory and kitchen refuses e.g. expired food products, from interior to exterior of building, has Archimedes screw grabbing and pushing matters to bottom of sleeve of lavatory
CN102080406A (en) * 2010-12-23 2011-06-01 王焕庭 Multifunctional clean toilet
CN103735212A (en) * 2014-01-17 2014-04-23 北京旭日清风科技有限公司 Flush-free toilet and excrement in-service treatment method
DE102014012310A1 (en) * 2014-08-16 2016-02-18 3P Technik Filtersysteme Gmbh Dry toilet facility
DE102014012311A1 (en) * 2014-08-16 2016-02-18 3P Technik Filtersysteme Gmbh Dry toilet facility

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985002172A1 (en) * 1983-11-16 1985-05-23 Jarmo Louvo Method and apparatus for treating biological waste by means of composting
US4999857A (en) * 1989-05-03 1991-03-19 Mohrman John H Toilet sewage treatment unit
US20020144339A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-10 Ecosphere Technologies Toilet installation implementing composting with worms

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985002172A1 (en) * 1983-11-16 1985-05-23 Jarmo Louvo Method and apparatus for treating biological waste by means of composting
US4999857A (en) * 1989-05-03 1991-03-19 Mohrman John H Toilet sewage treatment unit
US20020144339A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-10 Ecosphere Technologies Toilet installation implementing composting with worms

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2942949A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-17 Rene Hemery Device for discharging matters e.g. excrements, of waterless lavatory and kitchen refuses e.g. expired food products, from interior to exterior of building, has Archimedes screw grabbing and pushing matters to bottom of sleeve of lavatory
CN102080406A (en) * 2010-12-23 2011-06-01 王焕庭 Multifunctional clean toilet
CN103735212A (en) * 2014-01-17 2014-04-23 北京旭日清风科技有限公司 Flush-free toilet and excrement in-service treatment method
DE102014012310A1 (en) * 2014-08-16 2016-02-18 3P Technik Filtersysteme Gmbh Dry toilet facility
DE102014012311A1 (en) * 2014-08-16 2016-02-18 3P Technik Filtersysteme Gmbh Dry toilet facility

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