WO2008077333A1 - Procédé, système et routeur pour mettre en œuvre une communication entre des dispositifs ip - Google Patents

Procédé, système et routeur pour mettre en œuvre une communication entre des dispositifs ip Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008077333A1
WO2008077333A1 PCT/CN2007/071054 CN2007071054W WO2008077333A1 WO 2008077333 A1 WO2008077333 A1 WO 2008077333A1 CN 2007071054 W CN2007071054 W CN 2007071054W WO 2008077333 A1 WO2008077333 A1 WO 2008077333A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
address
module
router
virtual
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/071054
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Gang Yan
Cheng Sheng
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP07817244.2A priority Critical patent/EP2093944B1/en
Publication of WO2008077333A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008077333A1/zh
Priority to US12/488,102 priority patent/US8155131B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/03—Topology update or discovery by updating link state protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/58—Association of routers
    • H04L45/586—Association of routers of virtual routers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/60—Router architectures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/70—Virtual switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to network communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, system and router for communicating between IP devices. Background of the invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing communication between a local area network and an external network through a default router in the prior art. As shown
  • the system includes: an Ethernet 100, a router 110, and an external network 120.
  • the host A101, the host B102, and the host C103 are devices in the Ethernet 100.
  • the host A101, the host B102, and the host C103 communicate with the external network 120 through the router 110, respectively.
  • the Virtual Router Backup Protocol is a fault-tolerant protocol defined by the Request for Comments (RFC 2338).
  • the protocol combines a group of routers into a virtual router with an identical virtual router IP address.
  • the VRRP backup mechanism provides such a virtual router.
  • a physical router in a virtual router that is responsible for routing tasks fails, other backup routers will replace the faulty router to implement communication between the local area network and the external network.
  • 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing communication between a local area network and a foreign network through a virtual router in the prior art.
  • the system includes a virtual router 230 in addition to the Ethernet 100 and the external network 120.
  • the Ethernet 100 includes: a host A 101, a host B 102, a host C 103, and an internal router 104.
  • the virtual router 230 includes: a router A 231, a router B 232, and a router C 233.
  • Router A231, router B232 and router C233 form a virtual router 230.
  • the virtual router 230 is connected to the external network 120 and is also connected to the internal router 104 via a local area network.
  • the address of the virtual router 230 is a virtual IP address, and the addresses of the router A231, the router B232, and the router C233 are actual IP addresses, and the actual IP addresses are in the same network segment as the virtual IP addresses.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of communication between an internal router and a virtual router based on the system shown in FIG. 2, the process includes:
  • Step 301 Set priorities for each physical router in the virtual router, and specify a master router.
  • priority is set for Router A, Router B, and Router C in the virtual router according to the VRRP mechanism.
  • the router with the highest priority is designated as the Master router, which is responsible for communicating with the internal router and the external network.
  • router A is set to the highest priority
  • router B is the second
  • router C has the lowest priority. Therefore, router A is the master router; router B and router C are the backup routers, and are in the ready listening state.
  • Set the actual IP addresses of Router A, Router B, and Router C to: 10.1.1.1, 10.1.1.2, and 10.1.1.3.
  • Step 302 Establish a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship between the internal router and the virtual router, and exchange routing information.
  • Router A, Router B, and Router C use the actual IP address to establish a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router.
  • the method for establishing a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship between the physical router and the internal router is: The internal router sends a dynamic routing protocol control packet to each physical router in the virtual router, and the dynamic routing protocol control packet may be: Hello (Hello) ) message, link status request (LSR) message, link status update (LSU) message, link status response (LSA) message, or other dynamic routing protocol control message, each physical router referred to here Router A, Router B, and Router (in this example, the Hello packet is used as an example to describe how to establish a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship between the internal router and the virtual router, and exchange routing information.
  • LSR link status request
  • LSU link status update
  • LSA link status response
  • Router A Router After receiving the Hello packet, B and Router C add the information of the internal router to its neighbor list, and carry the actual IP address of the Hello packet to the internal router.
  • the internal router receives the router. A. After routers B and Router C send Hello packets, they will be these routers. The information is added to the neighbor list. At this point, the dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship is established, and the dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship is maintained between Router A, Router B, and Router C and the internal router.
  • Step 303 When the master router fails, the master router performs the switching, and performs dynamic routing protocol switching of the internal router.
  • the internal router uses the actual IP 10.1.1.1 address of the master router A as the next hop IP address, and sends information to the router A according to the next hop IP address.
  • Router A fails, according to the VRRP mechanism, Router B whose priority is second only to it is used as the Master router.
  • the internal router sends the information to Router B by using the actual IP address 10.1.1.2 of Router B as the IP address of the next hop.
  • the internal router performs dynamic routing protocol switching processing.
  • the internal router performs route convergence, that is, sends a Hello packet to the router A. If the response information is not received within the specified time, it is considered that Router A fails, will Router A's neighbor list is deleted. Then perform a new route calculation, that is, the actual IP address 10.1.1.2 of Router B is used as the IP address of the next hop.
  • the router A fails, according to the VRRP mechanism, the fault can be detected relatively quickly, and the router is detected in a short time. B is switched to the master router.
  • Hello packets have a slower perception of neighbor failures, and the convergence process of internal router dynamic routing protocols and new route calculations take a certain amount of time.
  • the internal router still uses Router A as the Master router to send information to it, but the VRRP mechanism has switched Router B to the Master router. Therefore, Master Router B does not receive the information sent by the internal router. Because the master router B after the switch does not receive the information sent by the internal router, the information sent by the internal router to the external network is interrupted for a long time.
  • the internal router uses the actual IP address of the master router as the IP address of the next hop, and sends the information sent to the external network to the master router.
  • the master router performs switching, the switched master router cannot receive the information sent by the internal router faster. Therefore, using the technical solution provided by the prior art, when the Master router performs switching, the information sent by the internal router to the external network is interrupted for a long time. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method of communicating between IP devices by which the intermittent time of communication between the internal router and the virtual router can be shortened.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a system and a router for communicating between IP devices.
  • the intermittent time of communication between the internal router and the virtual router can be shortened.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication between IP devices.
  • the method of the letter the method includes:
  • the virtual router is used as the next hop address to send information to the virtual router to be sent to the external network.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a system for communicating between IP devices, where the system includes: a virtual router and an internal router, where the virtual router includes: a primary router and at least one backup router;
  • the internal router is configured to receive a dynamic routing protocol control packet sent by the primary router, obtain a virtual IP address of the virtual router according to the dynamic routing protocol control packet, and obtain the virtual IP address as a next hop address. Sending information to the virtual router to be sent to the external network;
  • the primary router is configured to send a dynamic routing protocol control message to the internal router, and receive the information that is sent by the internal router to the virtual router.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a router, including:
  • the control packet receiving processing module is configured to receive a dynamic routing protocol control packet sent by the primary router in the virtual router, obtain a virtual IP address according to the dynamic routing protocol control packet, and send the virtual IP address to the information sending module. ;
  • the information sending module is configured to receive the virtual IP address, and use the virtual IP address as a next hop address to send information to the virtual router to be sent to the external network.
  • the present invention provides a method, system and router for communicating between IP devices.
  • the internal router obtains the virtual IP address of the virtual router, and uses the obtained virtual IP address as the next hop address to send the information to the virtual router.
  • the master router switches, the internal router sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router according to the virtual IP address, and the information is sent to the switching. After the Master router.
  • the internal router can send the information sent to the external network to the virtual router according to the virtual IP address, and the information is sent to the master router, and when the master router switches, the internal router dynamically routes the router.
  • the conversion of the protocol is consistent with the switching of the virtual router to the master router.
  • the internal router still sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router according to the virtual IP address, and the information is sent to the switched master router. Therefore, it can be ensured that the information sent from the internal router to the virtual router has a short interruption time, and the user basically experiences no information interruption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing communication between a local area network and an external network through a default router in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for communicating between a local area network and a foreign network through a virtual router in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router based on the system shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a system for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first preferred embodiment of a system for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second preferred embodiment of a system for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram of a method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention. a flow chart of three preferred embodiments;
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a fourth preferred embodiment of a method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a fifth preferred embodiment of a method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a flow chart of a sixth preferred embodiment of a method of communicating between an internal router and a virtual router in accordance with the present invention.
  • One embodiment of the present invention includes: the internal router obtains the virtual IP address of the virtual router, uses the obtained virtual IP address as the next hop address, sends the information to the virtual router, and transmits the information to the master router.
  • the conversion of the internal router to the dynamic routing protocol is the same as that of the virtual router to the master router.
  • the internal router sends the information to the switched virtual router according to the virtual IP address.
  • the solution provided by the present invention can ensure that the master router in the virtual router can continuously receive the information sent by the internal router.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a system for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 4,
  • the system includes: an internal router 400 and a virtual router 410.
  • the virtual router 410 includes at least: a router A411 and a router B412. Among them, the router with the highest priority is the master router, and the router A411 is pre-designated as the master router and router. B412 is a backup router.
  • the master router A411 is configured to send a dynamic routing protocol control message to the internal router 400, and is further configured to receive the information internal router 400 sent by the internal router 400 to the virtual router 410, for receiving the sent dynamic routing protocol control message, according to the
  • the dynamic routing protocol controls the packet to obtain the virtual IP address of the virtual router, and obtains the virtual IP address as the next hop address, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 410, that is, the information is sent to the master router A411.
  • the internal router 400 transmits the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 410 according to the virtual IP address, that is, the information is transmitted to the master router B412.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first preferred embodiment of a system for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention.
  • the system includes: an internal router 500 and a virtual router 510.
  • the virtual router 510 includes: a router A520 and a router B530.
  • the internal router 500 includes a control message receiving processing module 501 and an information sending module 502.
  • the router A520 includes: a control message generating module 521 and an information receiving module 522.
  • the router B530 includes: a control message generating module 531 and an information receiving module 532. It is assumed here that router A520 is a master router, and router B530 is a backup router, which is in a listening state.
  • the control packet generation module 521 is configured to generate a dynamic routing protocol control packet carrying the actual IP address or the virtual IP address, and send the dynamic routing protocol control packet to the control packet receiving processing module 501.
  • the control packet receiving and processing module 501 is configured to receive the dynamic routing protocol control packet sent by the control packet generating module 521, obtain a virtual IP address according to the dynamic routing protocol control packet, and send the obtained virtual IP address to the information.
  • the information sending module 502 is configured to receive the virtual IP address sent by the control packet receiving processing module 501, and send the information sent to the external network to the information receiving module 522 according to the virtual IP address.
  • the information receiving module 522 is configured to receive information sent by the information sending module 502.
  • the internal structure diagrams of the internal router 500, the router A520, and the router B530 which perform communication are introduced. According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the specific structure of the internal router 500, the router A520, and the router B530 is further described in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second preferred embodiment of a system for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention; as shown in FIG. 6, the system includes: an internal router 600 and a virtual router 610, and the virtual router 610 is specifically configured. Includes: Router A620 and Router B630.
  • the internal router 600 includes: a control message receiving processing module and an information transmitting module.
  • Both the router A620 and the router B630 include: a control message generation module and an information receiving module;
  • the control packet receiving and processing module of the internal router 600 specifically includes: a neighboring module 601, a computing module 602, and the information sending module of the internal router 600 specifically includes: a first traffic forwarding module 603 and a forwarding table storage module 604.
  • the control packet generating module of the router A620 includes: a backup mechanism module 621 and a neighboring module 622.
  • the control packet generating module of the router B630 specifically includes: a backup mechanism module 631 and a neighbor module 632, and the information receiving modules of the router A620 and the router B respectively
  • the method may be: a second traffic forwarding module 623 and a second traffic forwarding module 633.
  • the neighboring module 601 is the first neighboring module 601, the computing module 602 is the first computing module 602, and the neighboring module 622 is the second neighboring module 622.
  • the neighboring module 601 is the third neighboring module 601, the computing module 602 is the second computing module 602, and the neighboring module 622 is the fourth neighboring module 622.
  • the neighboring module 601 is the fifth neighboring module 601, the computing module 602 is the third computing module 602, and the neighboring module 622 is the sixth neighboring module 622.
  • the neighboring module 601 is the seventh neighboring module 601, the computing module 602 is the fourth computing module 602, and the neighboring module 622 is the eighth neighboring module 622.
  • router A620 is first designated as the master router, and router B630 is the backup router, which is second only to router A620 and is in the listening state.
  • router A620 fails, the router B630 is switched to the master router.
  • the present invention provides four implementation manners, and the following four methods are introduced one by one.
  • the neighboring module 601 mentioned here is the first neighboring module 601
  • the computing module 602 is the first computing module 602
  • the neighboring module 622 is the second neighboring module 622.
  • the backup mechanism module 621 generates a binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address, and sends the binding relationship information to the second neighboring module 622.
  • the second neighboring module 622 receives the binding relationship information sent by the backup mechanism module 621, and generates a dynamic routing protocol control packet carrying the actual IP address and a Type 9 Link State Response (LSA) packet.
  • the Type 9 LSA packet carries the binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address, and sends the dynamic routing protocol control packet and the Type 9 LSA packet to the first neighbor module 601.
  • the first neighboring module 601 is configured to receive the dynamic routing protocol control packet and the Type 9 LSA packet sent by the second neighboring module 622.
  • the actual IP address of the master A620 is obtained from the dynamic routing protocol control packet, and the binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address is obtained from the Type 9 LSA packet. Send the actual IP address and binding relationship to the first computing model. Block 602.
  • the first computing module 602 is configured to receive the binding relationship and the actual IP address sent by the first neighboring module 601, and find the IP address of the next hop as the actual IP address of the master router A620 according to the dynamic routing protocol.
  • the virtual IP address is used to find the virtual IP address according to the binding relationship, and the next hop IP address is replaced with the virtual IP address, and the next hop information is sent to the forwarding table storage module 604.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 queries the forwarding table storage module 604 to obtain the next hop information, and sends the information sent to the external network to the second traffic forwarding module 623 of the master router A620.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 of the internal router 600 still uses the virtual IP address as the next hop IP address, and sends the information sent to the external network to the traffic forwarding module 633 of the router B630.
  • the master router A620 carries the binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address in the Type 9 LSA sent to the internal router 600.
  • the internal router 600 obtains the dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the master router A620 to obtain the actual IP address of the master router A620.
  • the first calculation module 602 of the internal router 600 calculates the route, it finds that the IP address of the next hop is the actual IP address of the master router A620.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 searches for the virtual IP address according to the binding relationship by using the actual IP address, uses the virtual IP address as the IP address of the next hop, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 610.
  • the internal router 600 When the master router is switched to the router B630, although the internal router 600 has a long route switching time, during this time, the internal router 600 still sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 610 according to the virtual IP address. Virtual router 610 dynamically associates information to Master Router B 630.
  • Internal router 600 based on virtual IP The address sends a message requesting Media Access Control (MAC) to the virtual router 610.
  • the master router A620 After receiving the MAC address request packet, the master router A620 carries its own MAC information in the response information of the packet.
  • the master router A620 carries the virtual MAC address in the response message of the request packet after receiving the packet carrying the virtual IP address, the virtual MAC address and the virtual MAC address are set on the master router A620.
  • the internal router 600 After receiving the MAC information or virtual MAC information of the master router A620, the internal router 600 sends the information sent to the external network to the master router A620.
  • the corresponding operation of the master router B630 is exactly the same as that of the master router A620.
  • the neighboring module 601 is the third neighboring module 601
  • the neighboring module 622 is the fourth neighboring module 622
  • the computing module 602 is the second computing module 602.
  • the backup mechanism module 621 of the router A620 generates a binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address, and sends the binding relationship information to the fourth neighboring module 622.
  • the fourth neighboring module 622 receives the binding relationship information sent by the backup mechanism module 621, and generates a link routing data (Link Data) as a dynamic routing protocol control packet of the actual IP address, where the dynamic routing protocol control packet may be the shortest path first ( OSPF )
  • the router LSA replaces the Link Data of the OSPF Router LSA with a virtual IP address based on the actual IP address and binding relationship.
  • the OSPF Router LSA carrying the virtual IP address is sent to the third neighboring module 601.
  • the third neighboring module 601 is configured to receive the OSPF Router LSA sent by the fourth neighboring module 622, and obtain the virtual IP address according to the Link Data in the OSPF Router LSA.
  • the virtual IP address is sent to the second computing module 602.
  • the second calculating module 602 is configured to receive the virtual IP address sent by the third neighboring module 601. When the route calculation is performed according to the dynamic routing protocol, the next hop IP address is found as a virtual IP address, and the next hop information is sent to the forwarding table storage module 604.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 queries the forwarding table storage module 604 to obtain next hop information.
  • the information sent to the external network is sent to the second traffic forwarding module 623 of the master router A620 according to the next hop information.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 of the internal router 600 still uses the virtual IP address as the next hop, and sends the information sent to the external network to the traffic forwarding module 633 of the master router B630.
  • the master router A620 carries the virtual IP address in the dynamic routing protocol control packet sent to the internal router 600 by extending the dynamic routing protocol.
  • the internal router 600 performs routing calculation according to the dynamic routing protocol, it finds that the IP address of the next hop is a virtual IP address, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 610.
  • the master router is switched to the router B630, although the internal router 600 switches the route of the master router B630 for a long time, during this time, the internal router 600 still sends the information sent to the external network according to the virtual IP address.
  • the virtual router 610 sends the information to the master router B630.
  • the method of dynamically associating information sent to the virtual router 610 to the Master router is the same as the corresponding method in the first mode.
  • the neighboring module 601 mentioned here is the fifth neighboring module 601
  • the neighboring module 622 is the sixth neighboring module 622
  • the computing module 602 is the third computing module 602.
  • the sixth neighboring module 622 of the master router A620 carries the virtual IP address in the dynamic routing protocol control packet, and sends the dynamic routing protocol control packet to the fifth neighboring module 601 of the internal router 600.
  • the fifth neighboring module 601 is configured to receive the dynamic routing protocol control packet sent by the sixth neighboring module 622, obtain a virtual IP address, and send the virtual IP address to the third computing module 602.
  • the third calculation module 602 is configured to receive the virtual IP address sent by the fifth neighboring module 601, and find that the IP address of the next hop is a virtual IP address, and send the next hop information to the rpm according to the dynamic routing protocol. Publish the storage module 604.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603, the query forwarding table storage module 604 obtains the next hop information, and sends the information sent to the external network to the second traffic forwarding module 623 of the master router A620.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 still uses the virtual IP address as the next hop, and sends the information sent to the external network to the traffic forwarding module 633 of the master router B630.
  • the backup mechanism module 621 is not included in the manner.
  • the internal router 600 and the master router A620 use the virtual IP address to establish a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship.
  • the next hop IP address is found as a virtual IP address.
  • information sent to the external network is sent to the virtual router 610, i.e., the information is sent to the router A620.
  • the internal router 600 When the master router is switched to the router B630, although the internal router 600 has a long route switching time, during this time, the internal router 600 still sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 610 according to the virtual IP address. That is, the information is sent to the master router B630.
  • the method of dynamically associating the information sent to the virtual router 610 to the Master router is the same as the corresponding method in the first mode.
  • the difference between the third mode and the second mode is that, in the second mode: the fourth neighboring module 622, according to the actual IP address, and the binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address, the OSPF Router LSA
  • the Link Data is replaced with a virtual IP address, and the replaced OSPF Router LSA is sent to the third neighbor module 601.
  • the third neighbor module 601 obtains a virtual IP address according to Link Data in the OSPF Router LSA.
  • the sixth neighboring module 622 does not need to set a virtual IP address in a place where the dynamic routing protocol control packet can set an IP address according to the binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address, and the dynamic routing is performed.
  • the protocol control packet is sent to the fifth neighbor module 601, and the fifth neighbor module. 601. Obtain a virtual IP address from the dynamic routing protocol control packet.
  • the neighboring module 601 is the seventh neighboring module 601
  • the neighboring module 622 is the eighth neighboring module 622
  • the computing module 602 is the fourth computing module 602.
  • Also included in the internal router 600 is a configuration module.
  • the eighth neighboring module 622 generates a dynamic routing protocol control packet carrying the actual IP address, and sends the dynamic routing protocol control packet to the seventh neighboring module 601.
  • the seventh neighboring module 601 is configured to receive the dynamic routing protocol control packet sent by the eighth neighboring module 622, obtain an actual IP address, and send the actual IP address to the fourth computing module 602.
  • the configuration module of the internal router 600 is configured to configure a correspondence between the virtual IP address and the actual IP address, and send the correspondence to the fourth computing module 602.
  • the fourth calculating module 602 is configured to receive the actual IP address sent by the seventh neighboring module 601 and the corresponding relationship sent by the configuration module.
  • the IP address of the next hop is found as the actual IP address of the master A620.
  • the virtual IP address is used to find the virtual IP address according to the corresponding relationship, and the next hop IP address is replaced with the virtual IP address, and the next hop information is sent to the forwarding table storage module 604.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 of the internal router 600 queries the forwarding table storage module 604 to obtain the next hop information, and sends the information sent to the external network to the second traffic forwarding module 623 of the master router A620.
  • the first traffic forwarding module 603 of the internal router 600 still uses the virtual IP address as the next hop, and sends the information sent to the external network to the traffic forwarding module 633 of the master router B630.
  • the master router A620 in the mode does not include: the backup mechanism module 621. Since the correspondence between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address needs to be configured on the internal router 600, the configuration module is set in the internal router 600. In this manner, by extending the dynamic routing protocol of the internal router 600, The correspondence between the virtual IP address and the actual IP address is established. The internal router 600 obtains the actual IP address of the master router A620 according to the dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship established with the master router A620. When the internal router 600 performs route calculation, it finds that the IP address of the next hop is the actual IP address of the master router A620.
  • the virtual IP address is found according to the correspondence between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address, the IP address of the next hop is set as the virtual IP address, and the information sent to the external network is sent to the virtual router 610.
  • the master router is switched to the router B630, although the internal router 600 has a long route switching time, during this time, the internal router 600 still sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router 610 according to the virtual IP address. That is, the information is sent to the master router B630.
  • the method of dynamically associating information sent to the virtual router 610 to the master router is the same in the first method.
  • the dynamic routing protocol control message may be: a Hello message, a link status request (LSR) message, a link status update (LSU) message, and a link status response. (LSA) message, or other dynamic routing protocol control message.
  • the backup mechanism module can be: VRRP module.
  • the neighbor module 601, the neighbor module 621, and the neighbor module 631 may be OSPF neighbor modules.
  • the calculation module 602, the calculation module 622, and the calculation module 632 can be an OSPF calculation module, that is, a module for performing route calculation according to the OSPF rule.
  • the OSPF dynamic routing protocol is mainly taken as an example.
  • the second, third, and fourth modes involved above may also be used for other dynamic routing protocols having the same principle. .
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 an internal router and a virtual router are taken as an example to introduce a system for implementing communication between IP devices.
  • IP devices having the same principle as the router, for example, a firewall. , gateways, switches, etc., also have a similar structure to the routers in the above embodiments.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router according to the present invention; as shown in FIG. 7, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 701 The internal router obtains the virtual IP address of the virtual router, uses the obtained virtual IP address as the next hop address, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual routing crying port.
  • Step 702 When the Master router is switched, the internal router still uses the virtual IP address as the next hop address, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router.
  • the internal router sends the information to the virtual router by using the virtual IP address of the virtual router as the IP address of the next hop for the route calculation.
  • the following describes in detail the VRRP backup mechanism using different methods to implement the specific operational steps of the solution of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a flow diagram of a third preferred embodiment of a method of communicating between an internal router and a virtual router in accordance with the present invention. The specific steps include:
  • Step 801 Set each router address, set priorities for each physical router in the virtual router according to the VRRP backup mechanism, and specify the master router.
  • the virtual router includes three physical physical routers: Router A, Router B, and Router C.
  • the addresses of these routers are set to: 10.1.1.1, 10.1.1.2, and 10.1.1.3, respectively.
  • Set the priority for the actual physical router In this embodiment, the priority of Router A is set to the highest, the priority of Router B is the second, and the priority of Router C is the lowest. According to the principle that the router with the highest priority is the master router, the designated router A is the master router, and the router B and the router C are the backup routers, and are in the listening state.
  • Step 802 The internal router establishes a dynamic path with each physical router by using a virtual IP address.
  • the protocol neighbor relationship, and exchanging routing information the information sent to the external network is sent to the virtual router, and according to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the master router.
  • the internal router and Router A, Router B, and Router C control the dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship by switching the dynamic routing protocol.
  • the method of controlling the message by the dynamic routing protocol is the same as that of the prior art. For the sake of cleaning, it will not be described here. The difference is that in the embodiment, router A, router B and router C use the virtual IP address of the virtual router 10.1. .1.5 establish a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router and exchange routing information.
  • the dynamic routing protocol control message involved here may be: a Hello message link state request (LSR) message, a link status update (LSU) message, a link state response (LSA) message, or other dynamic routing protocol control. Message.
  • LSR Hello message link state request
  • LSU link status update
  • LSA link state response
  • the internal router After the internal router establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the master router in the virtual router, the internal router uses the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 as the next hop according to the routing information sent by the neighboring router. IP address.
  • the internal router sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is dynamically associated with the master router A.
  • the method of dynamically associating the information sent to the virtual router to the actual physical device Master Router A is as follows:
  • the internal router sends a request MAC packet to the virtual router according to the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5, and the router A is the master.
  • Router A After receiving the packet, Router A sends its own MAC information to the internal router through the request response.
  • the master router A sets the mapping between the virtual IP address and the virtual MAC in advance.
  • the master router A After receiving the packet carrying the virtual IP address, the master router A carries the virtual MAC information in the response message of the request packet.
  • the internal router After receiving the MAC information or virtual MAC information of the master router A, the internal router sends the information of the sending external network to the master router A.
  • Step 803 When the master router fails, perform the master router switching.
  • the internal router still sends the information to the virtual router.
  • the VRRP mechanism the information is sent to the switched master router.
  • the router B with the priority level lower than the router A in the virtual router is switched to the master router.
  • the internal router calculates the information, and still uses the virtual IP address 10.L1.5 as the IP address of the next hop, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router.
  • this information is sent to Master Router B.
  • the method for dynamically mapping the information sent to the virtual router to the actual physical device Master Router B is the same as the corresponding method in step 802, and is not described here.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 describes how each physical router in the virtual router establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router by using a virtual IP address, and uses the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 as the IP address of the next hop to be sent to The information of the external network is sent to the virtual router.
  • the master router is switched, ensure that the switched master router can receive the information sent by the internal router in a short period of time.
  • FIG. 9 another method for implementing the internal network to use the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 as the IP address of the next hop to send the information sent to the external network to the virtual router is mainly introduced.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing a fourth preferred embodiment of the method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router in accordance with the present invention. The process includes:
  • Step 901 Set the address of each router, set priorities for each physical router in the virtual router according to the VRRP backup mechanism, and specify the master router.
  • Step 902 Set a mapping relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address on the internal router, and each physical router in the virtual router establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router by using the actual IP address, and exchanges routing information.
  • the user manually establishes the correspondence between the actual IP and the virtual IP, and specifies the mapping relationship between the actual IP and the virtual IP in the table.
  • Router B, Router C, and Master Router A use the actual IP address to establish a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router and exchange routing information.
  • the method for establishing and exchanging routing information of the dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship is exactly the same as the prior art. I won't go into details here.
  • Step 903 The internal router uses the virtual IP address to send the information to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the master router.
  • Master A establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router using the actual address IP10.1.1.1.
  • the internal router finds that the IP address of the next hop is the actual IP address 10.1.1.1.
  • the internal router finds the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 corresponding to the actual IP address 10.1.1.1 according to the virtual IP and actual IP mapping table set in step 802.
  • the internal router sends the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 as the IP address of the next hop to the virtual router.
  • this information is sent to Master Router A.
  • the method of dynamically associating the information sent to the virtual router to the physical device Master Router A is the same as the corresponding method in step 802, and is not described here.
  • Step 904 When the master router fails, the master router performs the switchover, and the internal router still sends the information to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the switched master router.
  • the router B whose priority level is second only to the router A in the virtual router is switched to the master router.
  • the internal router still sends virtual information to the virtual router based on the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5.
  • the VRRP mechanism the information is sent to the switched master router B, and the method of dynamically transmitting the information sent to the virtual router to the physical device master router B is the same as the corresponding method in step 802. I will not repeat them.
  • the correspondence between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address is manually set on the internal router.
  • the internal router searches for the virtual IP address according to the actual IP address obtained in the routing information, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router according to the virtual IP address.
  • the dynamic routing protocol of the master router in the virtual router is extended, so that the internal router obtains the virtual IP address according to the extended dynamic routing protocol, and the virtual IP address is sent to the external network according to the virtual IP address. Information is sent to the virtual router.
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart of a fifth preferred embodiment of a method for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router in accordance with the present invention. The process includes:
  • Step 1001 Set the address of each router, set priorities for each physical router in the virtual router according to the VRRP backup mechanism, and specify the master router and the designated (DR) router.
  • the internal router is designated as a DR router, and the internal router communicates with the external network instead of other devices in the local area network.
  • Step 1002 Expand the dynamic routing protocol of the master router in the virtual router according to the VRRP mechanism.
  • the OSPF dynamic routing protocol is used as an example to describe how to extend the dynamic routing protocol of the virtual router according to the VRRP mechanism.
  • Table 1 shows the format of the OSPF Router LSA. 15 16 23 24 31
  • the link data is set to the actual IP address.
  • the link ID is the IP address of the DR router, that is, the address of the internal router is 10.1.1.4.
  • the link data is replaced with the virtual IP address 10 ⁇ 1.5.
  • the setting methods of the remaining quantities in Table 1 are the same as the prior art. For the sake of cleaning, we will not repeat them here.
  • Step 1003 Each physical router establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router, and exchanges neighbor information, and the internal router acquires a virtual IP address.
  • step 902. The specific operation of this step is the same as step 902.
  • the neighboring router establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router by using the actual IP address, and exchanges routing information in exactly the same way.
  • the internal router After receiving the OSPF Router LSA sent by the neighboring router, the internal router obtains the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 of the virtual router based on the link data in the LSA.
  • Step 1004 The internal router uses the virtual IP address to send the information to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the master router A.
  • Step 1005 When the master router fails, the primary router performs the switching, and the internal router still sends the information to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the switched master router.
  • the dynamic routing protocol of the physical router in the virtual router is extended, and the link data in the OSPF Router LSA is set to the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5, without requiring an internal router.
  • the dynamic routing protocol is extended.
  • the internal router After receiving the OSPF Router LSA sent by the neighboring router, the internal router obtains the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 and uses the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5 as the IP address of the next hop to send the information sent to the external network to the virtual router.
  • the dynamic routing protocol of the virtual router and the internal router is extended, so that the internal router obtains the virtual IP address according to the extended dynamic routing protocol, and the information that is sent to the external network according to the virtual IP address is Sent to the virtual router.
  • Figure 11 is a flow chart of a sixth preferred embodiment of a method of communicating between an internal router and a virtual router in accordance with the present invention. The process includes:
  • Step 1101 Set the address of each router, set the priority for each physical router in the virtual router according to the VRRP backup mechanism, and specify the Master router and the DR router.
  • the internal router is designated as a DR router, and the internal router communicates with the external network instead of other devices in the local area network.
  • Step 1102 According to the VRRP mechanism, the dynamic routing protocol of the virtual router and the internal router is extended to generate a new type of packet.
  • the router A is designated as the master router.
  • the dynamic routing protocol of the master router A is extended, and the master router A generates a new type of packet, that is, the type 9 opaque (Opaque) LSA.
  • Table 2 shows the expanded Type 9 Format diagram of Opaque LSA, as shown in Table 2,
  • the packet format shown in Table 2 is the packet format obtained after the protocol extension is based on the existing Type 9 Opaque LSA packet format.
  • the difference from the pre-extended packet format is that an opaque type and an opaque ID are defined, the opaque information is extended, and the binding relationship between the actual IP address and the virtual IP address is set in the opaque information.
  • Step 1103 Each physical router establishes a dynamic routing protocol neighbor relationship with the internal router by using an actual IP address, and exchanges routing information, and the internal router acquires a virtual IP address.
  • step 1003. After the internal router exchanges routing information with the neighboring router, it resolves the binding relationship in the received Type 9 Opaque LSA packet. According to the actual IP address 10.1.1.1 of Master Router A, obtain the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5.
  • Step 1104 The internal router uses the virtual IP address to send the information to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the master router A.
  • Step 1105 When the master router fails, the master router switches, and the switched master router generates a new type of packet and sends it to the internal router.
  • the master router performs the same method as step 803. After the master switch is switched, the router B becomes the master and the master router B generates the extended packet Type 9 Opaque LSA. The packets generated by the master router B are the same as those generated by the master A, and the packet is sent to the master. Internal router.
  • Step 1106 The internal router still sends the information to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the master router B.
  • the master router has been switched to router B. Before the route of the internal router is converged, that is, before the neighbor information of router A is deleted, the internal router still sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router according to the virtual IP address 10.1.1.5. After the routing information of the internal router converges, the internal router obtains the packet from the master router B. The packet is the same as that of the master router A. The virtual IP address is still 10.1.1.5. The internal router still uses the virtual IP address. 10.1.1.5 Send the information sent to the external network to the virtual router. According to the VRRP mechanism, the information is sent to the master router B.
  • the internal router uses the obtained virtual IP address as the IP address of the next hop of the route calculation, and sends the information sent to the external network to the virtual router.
  • the VRRP mechanism can switch the master router to a new router.
  • the switched router can receive information sent by the internal router.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention can solve the problem that the VRRP mechanism does not receive the information sent by the internal router within the time difference between the master router switching and the internal router switching dynamic routing protocol, thereby causing a long information interruption time.
  • a method, a system, and a router for communicating between an internal router and a virtual router are mainly described by using a VRRP mechanism and an OSPF dynamic routing protocol as examples.
  • the method, system and router are also applicable to other backup mechanisms and dynamic routing protocols having the same principle.
  • an internal router and a virtual router are taken as an example to introduce a method and system for communication between IP devices.
  • other IP devices having the same principles as the routers and applying the technical solutions of the present invention, such as firewalls, gateways, switches, etc., are also within the scope of the present invention.
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