WO2008073031A1 - Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks. - Google Patents
Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008073031A1 WO2008073031A1 PCT/SE2007/050904 SE2007050904W WO2008073031A1 WO 2008073031 A1 WO2008073031 A1 WO 2008073031A1 SE 2007050904 W SE2007050904 W SE 2007050904W WO 2008073031 A1 WO2008073031 A1 WO 2008073031A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- caused
- elements
- anode
- cup
- blocks
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000953 kanthal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/62—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces
- H05B3/64—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces using ribbon, rod, or wire heater
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the heating of anode blocks, and to an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks .
- anode blocks consist of granulated graphite. Holes are present in these blocks in order to attach electrical contacts of iron, known as “yokes", by moulding.
- the sizes of the blocks may vary, and the number of contact holes into which contacts are to be attached may also vary. There is normally between three and six holes.
- the blocks may have different dimensions: the dimensions may, for example, be 1300 x 500 x 500 millimetre.
- the anode blocks are exchanged at regular intervals.
- the anode blocks are then renovated and stored until they are to be reused.
- Water can collect in the holes in the blocks as a result of precipitation, since the blocks are often stored outdoors, to a certain extent.
- the blocks furthermore, are also exposed to moist air. Water is sucked into the blocks, or is absorbed into the blocks, since the material of the blocks is porous.
- the present invention thus relates to a method for heating anode blocks, which anode blocks are used in the production of aluminium and comprise contact holes into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached, and it is characterised in that the holes are caused to be heated by means of radiative heat from electrical resistive elements arranged to be used at high temperatures, in that the wire of the elements is in the form of shanks with two or more legs, in that each one of the elements is caused to be arranged in a cup with an open end surface, and in that one cup for each hole in the anode block is caused to lie in front of the hole in question.
- the invention relates to an arrangement of the type and with the principal characteristics specified by patent claim 6.
- Figure 1 shows an arrangement according to the invention seen from the side with an anode block that lies beneath it
- Figures 2 and 3 show different perspective sketches of the arrangement according to the invention and an anode block.
- Figure 1 shows an arrangement 1 for the heating of anode blocks 2, which anode blocks are used during the production of aluminium and which comprise contact holes 3 into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached.
- the arrangement 1 comprises electrical resistive elements 4, 5, 6, shown in Figure 3, arranged to be used at high temperatures. It is preferred to use resistive elements that are manufactured by KANTHAL AB, Sweden, and that are marketed under the name "Kanthal Super". This element can be heated in operation up to 1900 °C.
- the wires of the elements 4-6 are formed as shanks with two or more legs. Each one of the elements 4-6 is arranged in a cylindrical cup 7, 8, 9 with an open end surface. It is preferable that the cup is cylindrical.
- the cups 7-9 with the resistive elements 4-6 are equal in number to the number of holes 3 in the anode block 2. The cups 7-9 are placed into a holder 10 that is common for all cups such that one cup 7-9 for each hole 3 in the anode block 2 is caused to lie in front of the hole 3 in question.
- the use by this arrangement of radiative heat from high- temperature elements entails a method of heating of much greater efficiency than the previous art technology that has been described, since no water is added at the beginning of the heating process.
- a much higher power can be achieved over a limited surface through the use of high-temperature elements, and this also contributes to a more rapid heating and drying of the anode blocks.
- the said elements are caused to be a high-temperature element.
- the said cup is caused to be of a fibre insulation material comprising AI2O3
- each resistive element is caused to develop a power of approximately 10-20 kW.
- the distance between the said open end surface and the anode block is caused to exceed a couple of millimetres and to lie below a couple of centimetres.
- This method has been shown to be able to reduce significantly the drying time for anode blocks from that required by the prior art technology.
- the drying time is as short as approximately 4 minutes with the dimensions of the anode block given above as examples.
- the present invention thus solves the problem described in the introduction.
- the present invention is not by any means limited to a method or an arrangement to be used with anode blocks having three holes.
- the invention can be used for all designs of anode block with holes.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
A method for the heating of anode blocks, which anode blocks (2) are used during the production of aluminium and comprise contact holes (3) into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached. The invention is characterised in that the holes (3) are caused to be heated by means of radiative heat from electri- cal resistive elements (4, 5, 6) arranged to be used at high temperatures, in that the wire of the elements (4, 5, 6) is in the form of shanks with two or more legs, in that each one of the elements (4, 5, 6) is caused to be arranged in a cup (7, 8, 9) with an open end surface, in that one cup (7, 8, 9) for each hole (3) in the anode block (2) is caused to lie in front of the hole(3) in question. The invention relates also to an arrangement.
Description
Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks.
The present invention relates to a method for the heating of anode blocks, and to an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks .
During the production process for primary aluminium, objects known as "anode blocks" are used. The blocks consist of granulated graphite. Holes are present in these blocks in order to attach electrical contacts of iron, known as "yokes", by moulding. The sizes of the blocks may vary, and the number of contact holes into which contacts are to be attached may also vary. There is normally between three and six holes. The blocks may have different dimensions: the dimensions may, for example, be 1300 x 500 x 500 millimetre.
The anode blocks are exchanged at regular intervals. The anode blocks are then renovated and stored until they are to be reused.
Water can collect in the holes in the blocks as a result of precipitation, since the blocks are often stored outdoors, to a certain extent. The blocks, furthermore, are also exposed to moist air. Water is sucked into the blocks, or is absorbed into the blocks, since the material of the blocks is porous.
Water must be removed and the blocks must be dried before a secure attachment of contacts by moulding can be carried out. This is currently carried out through first the removal of liquid water by blowing with pressurised air, and then the heating of the block with the aid of gas burners in order to dry it. The problem with this procedure is that the gas in
the burners contains a certain amount of water vapour that initially condenses onto the block before the temperature of the block has been sufficiently raised. A result of this is that it takes far too long to dry the blocks.
It is one requirement that the drying time be considerably reduced. The present invention solves this problem.
The present invention thus relates to a method for heating anode blocks, which anode blocks are used in the production of aluminium and comprise contact holes into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached, and it is characterised in that the holes are caused to be heated by means of radiative heat from electrical resistive elements arranged to be used at high temperatures, in that the wire of the elements is in the form of shanks with two or more legs, in that each one of the elements is caused to be arranged in a cup with an open end surface, and in that one cup for each hole in the anode block is caused to lie in front of the hole in question.
Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement of the type and with the principal characteristics specified by patent claim 6.
The invention will be described in more detail below, partially with reference to an embodiment of the invention shown in the attached drawings, where:
- Figure 1 shows an arrangement according to the invention seen from the side with an anode block that lies beneath it,
Figures 2 and 3 show different perspective sketches of the arrangement according to the invention and an anode block.
Figure 1 shows an arrangement 1 for the heating of anode blocks 2, which anode blocks are used during the production of aluminium and which comprise contact holes 3 into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached.
According to the invention, the arrangement 1 comprises electrical resistive elements 4, 5, 6, shown in Figure 3, arranged to be used at high temperatures. It is preferred to use resistive elements that are manufactured by KANTHAL AB, Sweden, and that are marketed under the name "Kanthal Super". This element can be heated in operation up to 1900 °C. The wires of the elements 4-6 are formed as shanks with two or more legs. Each one of the elements 4-6 is arranged in a cylindrical cup 7, 8, 9 with an open end surface. It is preferable that the cup is cylindrical. The cups 7-9 with the resistive elements 4-6 are equal in number to the number of holes 3 in the anode block 2. The cups 7-9 are placed into a holder 10 that is common for all cups such that one cup 7-9 for each hole 3 in the anode block 2 is caused to lie in front of the hole 3 in question.
The use by this arrangement of radiative heat from high- temperature elements entails a method of heating of much greater efficiency than the previous art technology that has been described, since no water is added at the beginning of the heating process. A much higher power can be achieved over a limited surface through the use of high-temperature elements, and this also contributes to a more rapid heating and drying of the anode blocks.
According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the said elements are caused to be a high-temperature element.
According to another preferred embodiment, the said cup is caused to be of a fibre insulation material comprising AI2O3
According to a further preferred embodiment, each resistive element is caused to develop a power of approximately 10-20 kW.
According to another further preferred embodiment, the distance between the said open end surface and the anode block is caused to exceed a couple of millimetres and to lie below a couple of centimetres.
This method has been shown to be able to reduce significantly the drying time for anode blocks from that required by the prior art technology. The drying time is as short as approximately 4 minutes with the dimensions of the anode block given above as examples.
The present invention thus solves the problem described in the introduction.
It has, in addition, proved to be the case when testing the arrangement that the drying time can be further reduced by blowing air, in association with the heating process, through the cups down into the holes of the anode block using a suitable and previously known blowing arrangement.
The present invention is not by any means limited to a method or an arrangement to be used with anode blocks having three holes. The invention can be used for all designs of anode block with holes.
Several embodiments have been described above. However, the invention can be varied in ways that will be obvious for one skilled in the art, and thus the invention is not to be seen as limited to the embodiments described above, since it can be varied within the scope of the attached patent claims.
Claims
1. A method for heating anode blocks, which anode blocks (2) are used in the production of aluminium and comprise contact holes (3) into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached, characterised in that the holes (3) are caused to be heated by means of radiative heat from electrical resistive elements (4, 5, 6) arranged to be used at high temperatures, in that the wire of the elements (4, 5, 6) is in the form of shanks with two or more legs, in that each one of the elements (4, 5, 6) is caused to be arranged in a cup (7, 8, 9) with an open end surface, in that one cup (7, 8, 9) for each hole (3) in the anode block (2) is caused to lie in front of the hole in question (3) .
2. A method according to claim 1, characteri sed in that the said elements (4, 5, 6) are caused to be a high- temperature element.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characteri sed i n that the said cup (7, 8, 9) is caused to be of a fibre insulating material comprising AI2O3 and/or SiU2.
4. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, character- i s e d in that each resistive element (4, 5, 6) is caused to develop a power of approximately 10-20 kW.
5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characteri sed in that the distance between the said open end surface and the anode block (2) is caused to exceed a couple of millimetres and to lie below a couple of centime¬ tres .
6. An arrangement for the heating of anode blocks, which anode blocks (2) are used in the production of aluminium and comprise contact holes (3) into which it is arranged that electrical contacts are to be attached, characterised in that the arrangement comprises electrical resistive elements (4, 5, 6) arranged to be used at high temperatures, in that the wire of the elements (4, 5, 6) is in the form of shanks with two or more legs, in that each one of the elements (4, 5, 6) is arranged in a cup (7, 8, 9) with an open end surface, in that the cups (7, 8, 9) with the resistive elements (4, 5, 6) are equal in number to the number of holes (3) in the anode block (2), and in that the cups (3) are placed into a holder (10) that is common for all the cups such that one cup (7, 8, 9) for each hole (3) in the anode block (2) is caused to lie in front of the hole in question (3) .
7. An arrangement according to claim 6, characterised i n that the said element (4, 5, 6) is a high-temperature element.
8. An arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the said cup (7, 8, 9) is manufactured from a fibre insulating material comprising AI2O3 and/or Siθ2.
9. An arrangement according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterised in that each resistive element (4, 5, 6) is arranged to develop a power of approximately 10-20 kW.
10. An arrangement according to any one of claims 6-9, characterised in that the distance between the said open end surface and the anode block (2) is caused to exceed a couple of millimetres and to lie below a couple of centimetres .
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2672507A CA2672507C (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-11-27 | Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks |
| AU2007332181A AU2007332181B2 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-11-27 | Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks. |
| CN2007800463285A CN101573475B (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-11-27 | Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks |
| EP07852176.2A EP2102387B1 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-11-27 | Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE0602707-2 | 2006-12-15 | ||
| SE0602707A SE531376C2 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2006-12-15 | Method of heating anode blocks, as well as apparatus for heating anode blocks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008073031A1 true WO2008073031A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
Family
ID=39511959
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SE2007/050904 WO2008073031A1 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-11-27 | Method for the heating of anode blocks, and an arrangement for the heating of anode blocks. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2102387B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101573475B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2007332181B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2672507C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE531376C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008073031A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011025381A1 (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-03-03 | Norsk Hydro Asa | Method and installation for cleaning and drying calcined electrodes |
| CN103103567A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-05-15 | 河南永登铝业有限公司阳城分公司 | Aluminum electrolysis equipment and anode carbon block heating furnace thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110541175B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-07-06 | 台州衡力金属制品有限公司 | Heating device for electrolytic aluminum anode production |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE395214B (en) * | 1975-09-09 | 1977-08-01 | Bulten Kanthal Ab | DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATED RESISTANT STOVES |
| US4347661A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1982-09-07 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia | Process of making electric assemblies |
| US4394566A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1983-07-19 | Bulten-Kanthal Aktiebolag | Ladle preheater |
| US4574019A (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1986-03-04 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Process for attaching anode blocks to an anode suspension means |
| WO1995006145A1 (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-03-02 | Moen Asbjoern | Procedure and device for electrical drying and preheating of cells for electrolysis |
| WO2001061260A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-23 | Kanthal Ab | Means and method for heating |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004139769A (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-05-13 | Aruba Japan:Kk | Exoergic structure |
| CN2653407Y (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2004-11-03 | 韦力 | Electric induction heating drier |
-
2006
- 2006-12-15 SE SE0602707A patent/SE531376C2/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-11-27 WO PCT/SE2007/050904 patent/WO2008073031A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-11-27 CN CN2007800463285A patent/CN101573475B/en active Active
- 2007-11-27 CA CA2672507A patent/CA2672507C/en active Active
- 2007-11-27 AU AU2007332181A patent/AU2007332181B2/en active Active
- 2007-11-27 EP EP07852176.2A patent/EP2102387B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE395214B (en) * | 1975-09-09 | 1977-08-01 | Bulten Kanthal Ab | DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATED RESISTANT STOVES |
| US4347661A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1982-09-07 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia | Process of making electric assemblies |
| US4394566A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1983-07-19 | Bulten-Kanthal Aktiebolag | Ladle preheater |
| US4574019A (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1986-03-04 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Process for attaching anode blocks to an anode suspension means |
| WO1995006145A1 (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-03-02 | Moen Asbjoern | Procedure and device for electrical drying and preheating of cells for electrolysis |
| WO2001061260A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-23 | Kanthal Ab | Means and method for heating |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP2102387A4 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011025381A1 (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-03-03 | Norsk Hydro Asa | Method and installation for cleaning and drying calcined electrodes |
| CN103103567A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-05-15 | 河南永登铝业有限公司阳城分公司 | Aluminum electrolysis equipment and anode carbon block heating furnace thereof |
| CN103103567B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-09-23 | 河南永登铝业有限公司阳城分公司 | Electrolytic aluminum equipment and anode block process furnace thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101573475A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
| EP2102387A4 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
| SE0602707L (en) | 2008-06-16 |
| AU2007332181A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| AU2007332181B2 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
| CA2672507C (en) | 2015-02-24 |
| CA2672507A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| SE531376C2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
| EP2102387B1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| EP2102387A1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101573475B (en) | 2011-08-17 |
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