WO2008066482A1 - Agencement et procédé destinés à un moteur à combustion à suralimentation - Google Patents

Agencement et procédé destinés à un moteur à combustion à suralimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008066482A1
WO2008066482A1 PCT/SE2007/050895 SE2007050895W WO2008066482A1 WO 2008066482 A1 WO2008066482 A1 WO 2008066482A1 SE 2007050895 W SE2007050895 W SE 2007050895W WO 2008066482 A1 WO2008066482 A1 WO 2008066482A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
medium
exhaust
section
line
heat exchanger
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Application number
PCT/SE2007/050895
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English (en)
Inventor
Håkan SARBY
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Ab (Publ)
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Application filed by Scania Cv Ab (Publ) filed Critical Scania Cv Ab (Publ)
Publication of WO2008066482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008066482A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/24—Layout, e.g. schematics with two or more coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/38—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with two or more EGR valves disposed in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for a supercharged combustion engine according to the preambles of claims 1 and 11.
  • SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • Urea solution can be sprayed into the exhaust line, whereupon the finely divided urea solution is vaporised by contact with the hot exhaust gases, resulting in the formation of ammonia.
  • the mixture of ammonia and exhaust gases is led thereafter through a catalyst in which the nitrogen from the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases reacts with the nitrogen in the ammonia, resulting in the formation of nitrogen gas.
  • the oxygen from the nitrogen oxides reacts with the hydrogen in the ammonia, resulting in the formation of water.
  • the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases are thus reduced in the catalyst to nitrogen gas and water vapour. With correct urea proportioning, the discharge of nitrogen oxides from the diesel engine can be greatly reduced.
  • the exhaust gases in the exhaust line may be at such a low temperature that it is difficult for them to warm the urea solution enough for it to be fully vaporised by the time it reaches the catalyst.
  • This means that part of the urea solution supplied may be retained inside the exhaust line in an unvaporised state.
  • the exhaust line is usually at a lower temperature than the exhaust gases inside it when it is in contact with surrounding air.
  • the exhaust line is at too low a temperature to vaporise the urea solution, the latter may accumulate inside the exhaust line.
  • Such unvaporised urea solution may crystallise on the inside of the exhaust line or leak out via joints in the exhaust line and crystallise on the outside of the exhaust line. This can lead to malfunctions. Incomplete vaporisation of the urea solution also leads to a poorer capacity for reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases.
  • Exhaust lines of diesel engines usually contain not only a catalyst but also a particle filter which is intended to filter soot particles out from the exhaust gases.
  • fuel may be injected into the exhaust line close to the particle filter. Injecting fuel in the exhaust line raises the exhaust temperature to such a level that soot particles retained in the particle filter are burnt.
  • the existing exhaust gases in the exhaust line need to be at such a temperature that they can vaporise the fuel which is injected into the exhaust line.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement and a method for a supercharged combustion engine whereby a medium supplied can substantially always be vaporised by the exhaust gases in an exhaust line whatever the operating state of the combustion engine.
  • the heat exchanger is adapted to having the exhaust gases from the first section of the exhaust line flowing through it so that the medium undergoes warming in the heat exchanger to a temperature which exceeds the vaporisation temperature of the medium at the pressure prevailing in the second section of the exhaust line.
  • the medium can thus be vaporised before or at the same time as it is injected into the second section of the exhaust line without any further thermal energy having to be supplied from the exhaust gases in the second section of the exhaust line.
  • the arrangement comprises with advantage pressurising means adapted to imparting to the medium a higher pressure in the heat exchanger than the pressure prevailing in the second section of the exhaust line.
  • a pressurising means may be a pump which conveys the medium at a suitable overpressure through the heat exchanger.
  • the medium can thereby be adapted to being heated in the heat exchanger to a temperature which is lower than its vaporisation temperature in the heat exchanger.
  • the medium can be conveyed in liquid form from the heat exchanger to the injection means. As soon as the medium is injected into the exhaust line, where there is thus a lower pressure than in the heat exchanger, it will vaporise. Alternatively, the medium may be heated in the heat exchanger to such a temperature that it vaporises in the heat exchanger. The medium can thereafter be conveyed in gaseous form to the injection means and be injected into the second section of the exhaust line.
  • said injection means is so located that the medium is injected into or upstream of an exhaust cleaning component in the second section of the exhaust line.
  • Media which are mixed with the exhaust gases in an exhaust line are usually supplied with the object of making it possible to clean the exhaust gases or to clean an exhaust cleaning component.
  • a medium may be a urea solution and the exhaust cleaning component may be a catalyst.
  • the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases can thus be converted into nitrogen gas and water. It is also conceivable to use other types of reducing agent than a urea solution for cleaning the exhaust gases in a downstream catalyst.
  • said medium may be a fuel and the exhaust cleaning component may be a particle filter.
  • Fuel in the form of, for example, diesel oil can be injected into an exhaust line with the object of raising the temperature of the exhaust gases flowing through the particle filter, in which case the exhaust gases will assume such a high temperature that they burn soot particles retained in the particle filter.
  • the arrangement comprises a line adapted to leading the medium from said medium-source to the injection means, and a control unit adapted to controlling the flow of the medium through said line and the amount of the medium which is injected into the second section of the exhaust line.
  • a control unit may comprise a computer provided with software adapted to controlling the flow of medium and the injection means so that an optimum amount of the medium is injected into the second section of the exhaust line.
  • the heat exchanger is adapted to having exhaust gases flowing through it which are led in a line which has an extent from the first section of the exhaust line to an inlet line for air to the combustion engine.
  • the recirculating exhaust gases are used in an existing EGR system as a heat source.
  • the recirculating exhaust gases undergo cooling in at least one EGR cooler before they are mixed with the air in an inlet line to the combustion engine.
  • the extra cooling which the exhaust gases undergo in the heat exchanger may be regarded as a supplement to the ordinary cooling of the recirculating exhaust gases.
  • the heat exchanger may be adapted to having exhaust gases flowing through it which are led in a line which has an extent from the first section of the exhaust line to the second section of the exhaust line.
  • a separate line is used for leading exhaust gases from the first section of the exhaust line to the heat exchanger.
  • Such a line may comprise a valve means for controlling the flow of exhaust gases through the line and the heat exchanger. Since there is a pressure difference between the first and second sections of the exhaust line, placing such a valve means in an open position is all that has to be done to provide an exhaust gas flow through the line and the heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 1 depicts an arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention and Fig. 2 depicts an arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 depicts a supercharged combustion engine in the form of a diesel engine 1.
  • the diesel engine 1 may be intended to power a heavy vehicle.
  • the exhaust gases from the cylinders of the diesel engine 1 are led via an exhaust manifold 2 to an exhaust line 3.
  • the exhaust line comprises a first section 3a extending to a turbine 4 of a turbo unit.
  • the exhaust gases are at a relatively high pressure and a high temperature in the first section 3a.
  • the turbine 4 is intended to convert the energy of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 3 to mechanical work for driving a compressor 5 of the turbo unit.
  • the exhaust line comprises a second section 3b situated after the turbine 4.
  • the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gases in the second section 3b are considerably lower than in the first section 3a.
  • the compressor 5 is intended to compress air which is drawn via an air filter 6 into a inlet line 7 to the diesel engine 1.
  • a charge air cooler 8 is arranged in the inlet line 7 to cool the compressed air before it is led via a manifold 9 to the respective cylinders of the diesel engine 1.
  • the combustion engine 1 is provided in this case with an EGR (Exhaust Gas
  • a return line 10 for recirculation of exhaust gases extends from the first section 3a of the exhaust line to the inlet line 7.
  • the return line 10 divides, at a first location 10', into two parallel line portions 10a, b.
  • the first line portion 10a comprises a first EGR valve 1 Ia and an EGR cooler 12.
  • the second line portion 10b comprises a section EGR valve 1 Ib and a heat exchanger 13.
  • the flow of recirculating exhaust gases through the individual line portions 10a, b can be regulated by the respective EGR valves 1 Ia, b.
  • the EGR valves 1 Ia, b can steplessly regulate the amount of exhaust gases led through the respective line portions 10a, b.
  • the exhaust flow in the return line 10 can also be completely shut off by the EGR valves 1 Ia, b.
  • the line portions 10a, b join together at a second location 10" from which the exhaust gases in the return line 10 are led to the inlet line 7. In certain operating states of supercharged diesel engines 1, the pressure of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 3 is lower than pressure of the compressed air in the inlet line 7.
  • the diesel engine 1 is also provided with catalytic exhaust cleaning by the method known as SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction), which involves a medium in the form of a urea solution being supplied to the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 3 of the diesel engine.
  • SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • the urea solution is stored in a tank 15.
  • a line 16 extends between the tank 15 and the exhaust line 3.
  • a control unit 17 is adapted to controlling the activation of a pump 18 which conveys and pressurises the urea solution in the line 16.
  • the line 16 comprises the heat exchanger 13 and an injection means 19 which is adapted to injecting the urea solution in the exhaust line 3 in an amount calculated by the control unit.
  • the injection means 19 is fitted in the second section 3b of the exhaust line.
  • the urea solution supplied is intended to be vaporised and converted to ammonia in the exhaust line 3 before it is led through a catalyst 21.
  • a particle filter 20 may be arranged in a container which also accommodates the catalyst 21. Such a container may also serve as a sound damper.
  • the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases are reduced to nitrogen gas and water vapour which are led out to surrounding air.
  • the injection means 19 may alternatively be situated between the particle filter 20 and the catalyst 21.
  • the control unit 17 receives substantially continuously information concerning relevant engine parameters. On the basis of this information, the control unit 17 calculates the amount of urea solution which needs to be added for optimum reduction of the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases.
  • the control unit 17 activates the pump 18, which pressurises and conveys urea solution from the tank 15 to the heat exchanger 13 via the line 16.
  • the pump 18 is adapted to imparting to the urea solution a higher pressure in the line 16 than the pressure of the exhaust gases in the second section 3b of the exhaust line.
  • the control unit 17 is adapted to controlling the EGR valves 1 Ia, b so that an optimum amount of exhaust gases is recirculated through the return line 10.
  • the control unit 17 at the same time controls the EGR valves 1 Ia, b so that a suitable amount of exhaust gases from the first section of the exhaust line 3a is led through the heat exchanger 13. This amount is so adapted that it warms the pressurised urea solution to a suitable temperature.
  • a suitable temperature may be just below the vaporisation temperature of the urea solution at the pressure prevailing in the line 16.
  • the urea solution thus undergoes warming while at the same time remaining in liquid form in the line 16.
  • the temperature will with advantage be higher than the vaporisation temperature of the urea solution at the pressure prevailing in the second section 3b of the exhaust line. After being warmed in the heat exchanger 13, the urea solution is thus conveyed in liquid form in the line 16 to the injection means 19.
  • the control unit 17 controls the injection means 19 so that it injects a calculated amount of urea solution in the second section 3b of the exhaust line at a location upstream of the catalyst 21.
  • the urea solution will be at a higher temperature than its vaporisation temperature at the pressure prevailing in the second section 3b of the exhaust line, the urea solution vaporises substantially immediately after it has been injected into the second section 3b of the exhaust line.
  • the vaporised urea solution provides ammonia in gaseous form which mixes with the exhaust gases.
  • the mixture of ammonia and exhaust gases is thereafter led through the catalyst 21, in which the nitrogen from the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases reacts with the nitrogen in the ammonia, resulting in the formation of nitrogen gas.
  • the oxygen from the nitrogen oxides reacts with the water in the ammonia, resulting in the formation of water vapour.
  • the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases are thus reduced in the catalyst to nitrogen gas and water vapour.
  • the warming of the urea solution in the heat exchanger 13 results in corresponding cooling of the recirculating exhaust gases in the return line 10.
  • the EGR system is thus provided with extra cooling capacity additional to the capacity of the EGR cooler 12 for cooling the recirculating exhaust gases before they mix with the air in the inlet line 7.
  • Fig. 2 depicts a supercharged diesel engine 1 provided with a turbo unit 4, 5 which uses the energy of the exhaust gases of the diesel engine 1 to compress the air which is led to the diesel engine 1.
  • the diesel engine 1 comprises here an arrangement for supplying a medium in the form of a fuel to a second section 3b of an exhaust line close to a particle filter 20. Supplying fuel to the exhaust gases and burning it close to the particle filter 20 raises the temperature of the exhaust gases reaching the particle filter 20.
  • the exhaust gases are here at such a temperature that they burn soot particles retained in the particle filter 20.
  • the arrangement comprises a fuel source which may be a fuel tank 15'.
  • the fuel which is therefore diesel oil, is led from the tank 15' via a line 16' to a second section 3b of the exhaust line which is therefore situated after the turbine 4.
  • a control unit 17' is adapted to controlling the supply of fuel by activating a pump 18'.
  • the pump 18' is adapted to pressurising and conveying the fuel via a heat exchanger 13' to an injection means 19' which injects a calculated amount of fuel into the exhaust line 3.
  • the injection means 19' is fitted in the second section 3b of the exhaust line so that it injects the fuel downstream of the turbine 4 with respect to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 3.
  • the fuel supplied is intended to vaporise in the exhaust line 3.
  • An exhaust line 23 which comprises a valve 22 and the heat exchanger 13' extends between the first section 3a of the exhaust line and the second section 3b of the exhaust line.
  • the control unit 17' may initiate a process of cleaning the particle filter 20 at predetermined distances travelled and/or predetermined intervals of time. Alternatively, the control unit 17' may receive information concerning the pressure drop across the particle filter 20 from suitably positioned pressure sensors and initiate a process of cleaning the particle filter 20 when pressure drops across the particle filter 20 exceed a predetermined value.
  • the control unit 17' activates the pump 18' which conveys a fuel from the tank 15' to the heat exchanger 13' via the line 16'.
  • the pump 18' is adapted to imparting to the fuel a pressure which exceeds the pressure of the exhaust gases in the second section 3b of the exhaust line.
  • the control unit 17' is adapted to controlling the valve 22 so that a suitable amount of exhaust gases is led through the exhaust line 23 and the heat exchanger 13'. This amount is so adapted that it warms the pressurised fuel to a suitable temperature. This temperature may be just below the vaporisation temperature of the fuel at the pressure prevailing in the line 16' . However, the temperature will with advantage be higher than vaporisation temperature of the fuel at the pressure prevailing in the second section 3b of the exhaust line. The fuel is thus conveyed in liquid form in the line 16' from the heat exchanger 13' to the injection means 19'. The injection means 19' injects the calculated amount of fuel in the second section 3b of the exhaust line at a location upstream of the particle filter 20.
  • the fuel As the fuel is at a higher temperature than its vaporisation temperature at the pressure prevailing in the second section 3b of the exhaust line, it vaporises substantially immediately in the second section 3b of the exhaust line.
  • the vaporised fuel mixes with the exhaust gases, after which it undergoes oxidation in an oxidation catalyst so that the exhaust gases assume a raised temperature.
  • the exhaust gases will then be at such a temperature that they burn and thereby clean the particle filter 20 of soot particles when they pass through it.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above but may be varied freely within the scopes of the claims. It is obviously also possible to warm and supply a urea solution with the arrangement depicted in the embodiment in Fig. 2. It is correspondingly also possible to warm and supply fuel with the arrangement depicted in the embodiment in Fig. 1.
  • the arrangements exemplified make it possible to supply substantially any desired liquid media adapted to becoming vaporised when they are led into an exhaust line.
  • the arrangement according to the invention may also comprise components for warming and supplying both a urea solution and fuel, in which case a common heat exchanger might be used for warming the urea solution and the fuel. Instead of arranging the EGR cooler 12 and the heat exchanger 13 in parallel line portions as depicted in Fig. 1, they may be arranged serially in a single line portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un agencement et un procédé destiné à un moteur à combustion à suralimentation (1) permettant l'injection d'un agent, tel qu'une solution d'urée, dans un circuit d'échappement (3). Le circuit d'échappement (3) présente une première section (3a) située en amont d'une turbine (4), et une seconde section (3b) située en aval de la dite turbine (4), par rapport à la direction prévue de l'écoulement des gaz d'échappement à travers le circuit d'échappement (3). Une source d'agent (15, 15') contient l'agent en forme liquide, et un moyen d'injection (19, 19') est conçu de sorte à injecter l'agent dans la seconde section (3b) du circuit d'échappement. L'agencement comprend un échangeur thermique (13, 13') dans lequel l'agent est conçu de sorte à pouvoir être réchauffé par des gaz d'échappement en provenance de la première section (3a) du circuit d'échappement au niveau d'une température qui assurera qu'il va se vaporiser lorsqu'il est injecté dans la seconde section (3b) du circuit d'échappement.
PCT/SE2007/050895 2006-11-29 2007-11-23 Agencement et procédé destinés à un moteur à combustion à suralimentation WO2008066482A1 (fr)

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SE0602546A SE530582C2 (sv) 2006-11-29 2006-11-29 Arrangemang och metod hos en överladdad förbränningsmotor

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WO2009053025A1 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif et procédé pour la réinjection de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
EP2107223A1 (fr) * 2008-03-18 2009-10-07 MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Moteur à combustion interne doté d'un système de gaz d'échappement, dans lequel un additif peut être ajouté à l'aide d'un dispositif de dosage
DE102008032253A1 (de) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Selbstzündende Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft für Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zur Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft in einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungsmaschine für Fahrzeuge
WO2011080527A3 (fr) * 2009-07-21 2011-11-03 Renault Trucks Ensemble moteur à agencement de récupération de chaleur de gaz d'échappement amélioré
FR2961254A3 (fr) * 2010-06-11 2011-12-16 Renault Sas Dispositif de controle des emissions polluantes d'un moteur a combustion interne
CN102656348A (zh) * 2009-10-06 2012-09-05 罗伯特·博世有限公司 驱动装置
CN103133095A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-05 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 加热装置和包括该加热装置的汽车
EP3190277A1 (fr) * 2016-01-11 2017-07-12 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Système d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de commande d'un tel système d'échappement
EP3267003A1 (fr) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-10 RENAULT s.a.s. Système de chauffage passif d'un système scr
US20180202396A1 (en) * 2017-01-16 2018-07-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and system for an exhaust heat exchanger

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US6110435A (en) * 1997-05-13 2000-08-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method and device for nitric oxide reduction in exhaust fumes
DE19855384A1 (de) * 1998-12-01 2000-06-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19960976A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-07-05 Karlsruhe Forschzent Vorrichtung zur katalysierten Reduktion von Stickoxiden im Abgas einer Verbrennungsmaschine
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WO2004051059A1 (fr) * 2002-12-05 2004-06-17 Zeuna-Stärker GmbH & Co. KG Vehicule automobile a moteur d'entrainement diesel
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009053025A1 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif et procédé pour la réinjection de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
EP2107223A1 (fr) * 2008-03-18 2009-10-07 MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Moteur à combustion interne doté d'un système de gaz d'échappement, dans lequel un additif peut être ajouté à l'aide d'un dispositif de dosage
DE102008032253A1 (de) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Selbstzündende Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft für Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zur Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft in einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungsmaschine für Fahrzeuge
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DE102008032253B4 (de) * 2008-07-09 2013-05-29 Man Truck & Bus Ag Selbstzündende Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft für Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zur Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft in einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungsmaschine für Fahrzeuge
CN102483014A (zh) * 2009-07-21 2012-05-30 雷诺卡车公司 具有改进的排气热量回收装置的发动机设备
US8689554B2 (en) 2009-07-21 2014-04-08 Renault Trucks Engine arrangement with an improved exhaust heat recovery arrangement
WO2011080527A3 (fr) * 2009-07-21 2011-11-03 Renault Trucks Ensemble moteur à agencement de récupération de chaleur de gaz d'échappement amélioré
CN102656348A (zh) * 2009-10-06 2012-09-05 罗伯特·博世有限公司 驱动装置
FR2961254A3 (fr) * 2010-06-11 2011-12-16 Renault Sas Dispositif de controle des emissions polluantes d'un moteur a combustion interne
CN103133095A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-05 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 加热装置和包括该加热装置的汽车
CN106958477A (zh) * 2016-01-11 2017-07-18 埃贝斯佩歇排气技术有限责任两合公司 用于内燃机的排气设备和用于运行排气设备的方法
EP3190277A1 (fr) * 2016-01-11 2017-07-12 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Système d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de commande d'un tel système d'échappement
US10502111B2 (en) 2016-01-11 2019-12-10 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating an exhaust system
EP3267003A1 (fr) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-10 RENAULT s.a.s. Système de chauffage passif d'un système scr
FR3053731A1 (fr) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-12 Renault S.A.S Systeme de chauffage passif d'un systeme scr
US20180202396A1 (en) * 2017-01-16 2018-07-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and system for an exhaust heat exchanger
CN108317024A (zh) * 2017-01-16 2018-07-24 福特环球技术公司 用于排气热交换器的方法和系统
US10316801B2 (en) * 2017-01-16 2019-06-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and system for an exhaust heat exchanger
RU2718385C2 (ru) * 2017-01-16 2020-04-02 Форд Глобал Текнолоджиз, Ллк Способ и система для охлаждения рециркулирующих отработавших газов в двигателе
CN108317024B (zh) * 2017-01-16 2022-04-29 福特环球技术公司 用于排气热交换器的方法和系统

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