WO2008065631A1 - Method and composition for treating water - Google Patents

Method and composition for treating water Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008065631A1
WO2008065631A1 PCT/IB2007/054871 IB2007054871W WO2008065631A1 WO 2008065631 A1 WO2008065631 A1 WO 2008065631A1 IB 2007054871 W IB2007054871 W IB 2007054871W WO 2008065631 A1 WO2008065631 A1 WO 2008065631A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
group
mass
mixtures
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/054871
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Joanne Raphael Katz
David Arthur Baldwin
Original Assignee
Joanne Raphael Katz
David Arthur Baldwin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joanne Raphael Katz, David Arthur Baldwin filed Critical Joanne Raphael Katz
Publication of WO2008065631A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008065631A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/683—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of complex-forming compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides for a chemical composition for treatment of water, the chemical composition comprising a mixture which includes a persulphate compound such as sodium persulphate, a monopersulphate compound such as 5 potassium monopersulphate, a pH buffer, a zinc compound and a transition metal compound. The transition metal of the transition metal compound is copper, silver, manganese or iron. The pH buffer is sodium bisulphate. The invention extends to a method of treating water by admixing the composition with raw water to be treated.

Description

METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR TREATING WATER
THIS INVENTION relates to a chemical composition for treatment of water to enhance the purity thereof, for example, to a level suitable for humans to bathe in. The invention also relates to a method of treating water to enhance the purity thereof.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a chemical composition for treatment of water, the chemical composition comprising a mixture which includes:
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of alkali metal persulphates, ammonium persulphate, hydrates of alkali metal persulphates, hydrates of ammonium persulphate and mixtures thereof;
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of potassium monopersulphate, hydrates of potassium monopersulphate and mixtures thereof;
1 - 20% by mass of a pH buffer;
1 - 20% by mass of a zinc compound; and
2 - 20% by mass of a member of a group consisting of transition metal compounds and mixtures thereof, each transition metal compound of the group being soluble in water and forming a transition metal ion which is able to cycle between two oxidation states when the composition is added to water, whose pH is buffered by the pH buffer to maintain it in the range of 6.8 - 8.4. The pH buffer may be a bisulphate such as sodium bisulphate. The composition may include 7 - 17 % by mass of sodium bisulphate.
The zinc compound may be a zinc salt, for example a member of a group consisting of zinc sulphate, zinc chloride and mixtures thereof. The zinc compound preferably forms 1 ,3 - 3,3% by mass of the composition.
The composition may include up to 10% by mass of a filter aid selected from a group consisting of diatomaceous earth, natural zeolites, synthetic zeolites and mixtures thereof.
Further, the composition may include up to 20% by mass of a solid flocculent selected from a group consisting of aluminium sulphate, aluminium chloride, aluminium hydroxychloride and an organic polymer flocculant.
The transition metal compound may be complexed with a complexing agent selected from a group consisting of amine complexing agents, organic carboxylic acid complexing agents and mixtures thereof.
It is expected that, typically, the oxidation states will be the (I) and (II) oxidation states, or the (II) and (III) oxidation states. In particular, the transition metal of the transition metal compound may be a member selected from copper (having the (II) and (III) oxidation states), silver (having the (I) and (II) oxidation states), manganese (having the (II) and (III) oxidation states), iron (having the (II) and (III) oxidation states) and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the transition metal is a member of a group consisting of copper, silver and a mixture thereof.
5
Without being bound by theory, the applicant believes that the addition of a transition metal compound provides transition metal cations which catalyse the formation of free radicals from persulphate ions (S2O8 2"), organic material then being oxidised by the free radicals thus formed. More particularly, if the transition metal i o cation cycles between two numerically adjacent states, the applicant believes that the following reactions take place:
S2O8 2" + Mn+ → M(n+1 )+ + SO4 2" + SO4-" (I)
M(n+1)+ + H2O → Mn+ + H+ + HO- (II) where Mn+ is the transition metal ion (which may be complexed), in its lower adjacent 15 oxidation state, M(n+1 )+ is the transition metal ion in its adjacent higher oxidation state and S2O8 2" is the persulphate ion. These reactions are thought to be similar to those promoted by iron ions, copper ions and enzymes containing iron or copper in biological systems.
20 Thus reaction (I) leads to the production of highly reactive sulphate radicals (SO4 2"-) and reaction (II) leads to the production of highly reactive hydroxy radicals (OH-), both of which can be regarded as highly reactive free radical oxidizing agents which can kill microorganisms and react with organic pollutants to reduce the offensiveness thereof.
As indicated above, the transition metal ion of the transition metal compound is preferably one having a lower adjacent oxidation state in which it is a member of a group consisting of Cu2+, Ag1 +, Mn2+ and Fe2+, more preferably Cu2+, and/or Ag1 +, its upper adjacent oxidation state being, respectively, Cu3+, Ag2+, Mn3+ and Fe3+, as the case may be.
As also indicated above, the transition metal compound may be complexed with an amine complexing agent or an organic carboxylic acid complexing agent for increasing the solubility of the transition metal compound in water. The amine complexing agent may be a member of a group consisting of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
It should be noted that, while the transition metal compounds and the persulphates or hydrates thereof participate in the free-radical forming reactions set forth above, the function of the monopersulphate or its hydrates is to provide the water with an initial shock treatment, the monopersulphate acting as a powerful and rapid oxidising agent. The transition metal ions are considered to also promote the rate of reaction of the monopersulphate anion.
The flocculant and the filter aid are added to the mixture to aggregate small suspended or colloidal particles that can often otherwise pass through normal filter mediums, thereby to assist filters to remove these particles. This improves the colour and clarity of the water, assists in removing bacteria and algae that often bind to suspended matter, increases the aesthetic appeal of the water and improves safety by ensuring that swimmers can readily see the sides and the bottom of swimming pools which contain water which has been treated with the composition.
The invention extends to a method of treating water to enhance the purity thereof, the method comprising the step of admixing, with raw water to be treated, a composition as described and defined above.
The Applicant envisages that a dosage of the composition of 2.5 - 10mg/l per litre of raw water will be required to purify water to a level suitable for humans to bathe in, depending upon the contamination of the water. The treatment is preferably applied weekly.
During treatment, when invention is being used to treat swimming pool water, the pH of the water is preferably maintained in the range 6.8 - 7.2. In addition, the alkalinity is preferably maintained at a level of 50 - 80 ppm, the alkalinity being increased to the correct level by the addition of sodium bicarbonate or soda ash, and a calcium ion concentration is preferably maintained at a level of 250 - 350 ppm, preferably 200 ppm. The calcium ion concentration may be increased to the correct level by the addition of, say, calcium chloride. Without limitation to the application of the invention, the applicant envisages that, in addition to the treatment of swimming pool water, the invention can be of use in the treatment of water for spas, the treatment of water for industrial use and the treatment of water for human consumption.
The treatment of water as set out above is preferably supplemented from time to time with an additional shock treatment in which a chemical composition is added to the water to be treated, the composition for shock treatment comprising a mixture which includes:
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of alkali metal persulphates, ammonium persulphate, hydrates of alkali metal persulphates, hydrates of ammonium persulphate and mixtures thereof; and
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of potassium monopersulphate, hydrates of potassium monopersulphate and mixtures thereof.
The composition for additional shock treatment may include a chlorine containing compound. The composition for additional shock treatment may include up to 40% by mass of the chlorine containing compound, depending on the contamination of the water. The chlorine containing compound is preferably one of the solid hypochlorite compounds such as trichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium dichloroisocyanurate, lithium hypochlorite or chloro- p-toluene sulphonamide or a mixture thereof.
The additional shock treatment is preferably applied at the beginning of a bathing season, and thereafter from time to time as and when the water requires further treatment in addition to the weekly treatment with the composition containing the transition metal compound as described and defined above.
The invention is further described hereinafter by way of a non-limiting Example.
Example
A chemical composition for the treatment of water to enhance the purity thereof to a level suitable for humans to bathe in, in accordance with the invention, comprises a mixture of the following compounds in the following proportions, by mass:
Sodium persulphate (Na2S2O8) 38%
Potassium monopersulphate (KSO5) 39% Sodium bisulphate 7%
Copper sulphate (CuSO4) 2%
Alumino-silicates i.e. zeolites (supplied under the name "Decolite") 4%
Aluminium Sulphate 8% Zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) 2%
The composition was used to treat water in a swimming pool. The composition was applied at a dosage of 6mg/l per litre of water. During treatment,
5 the pH of the water was maintained at 6.9, with the alkalinity of the water being maintained at 45 ppm and the water having a calcium ion concentration which was maintained at 200 ppm.
To enhance the purity of the water to make it suitable for humans to i o bathe in, the treatment of water as set out above is supplemented from time to time with an additional shock treatment in which a chemical composition is added to the water to be treated, the composition for shock treatment comprising a mixture which includes the following compounds in proportion by mass:
15 Sodium Persulphate 30%
Potassium Monopersulphate 30% Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate 30% Aluminium Sulphate 10%
20 The treatment was found to keep the water clear and substantially bacteria-free for a period of a week, with no objectionable taste or odour.
Unlike chlorine-based disinfectants, a composition for treatment of water in accordance with the invention, as described and illustrated, avoids the production of harmful trihalomethanes and chlorophenols and results in a reduced concentration of harmful phenols, the composition for additional shock treatment which includes the chlorine-containing compound being used only occasionally, if and when needed. Moreover, water treated by the invention furthermore results in cleaner water and has no objectionable taste or odour. It is believed that the copper sulphate and the zinc sulphate act synergistically with each other to produce an enhanced algaecidal effect.

Claims

1 . A chemical composition for treatment of water, the chemical composition comprising a mixture which includes: 20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of alkali metal persulphates, ammonium persulphate, hydrates of alkali metal persulphates, hydrates of ammonium persulphate and mixtures thereof;
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of potassium monopersulphate, hydrates of potassium monopersulphate and mixtures thereof;
1 - 20% by mass of a pH buffer;
1 - 20% by mass of a zinc compound; and
2 - 20% by mass of a member of a group consisting of transition metal compounds and mixtures thereof, each transition metal compound of the group being soluble in water and forming a transition metal ion which is able to cycle between two oxidation states when the composition is added to water, whose pH is buffered by the pH buffer to maintain it in the range of 6.8 - 8.4.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 , in which the pH buffer is a bisulphate.
3. A composition as claimed in Claim 2, in which the bisulphate is sodium bisulphate.
4. A composition as claimed in Claim 3, in which the composition includes
7 - 17 % by mass of sodium bisulphate.
5. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 , in which the zinc compound is a zinc salt.
6. A composition as claimed in Claim 5, in which the zinc salt is a member of a group consisting of zinc sulphate, zinc chloride and mixtures thereof.
7. A composition as claimed in Claim 5, in which the zinc compound forms 1 ,3 - 3,3% by mass of the composition.
8. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 , in which the composition includes up to 10% by mass of a filter aid selected from a group consisting of diatomaceous earth, natural zeolites, synthetic zeolites and mixtures thereof.
9. A composition as claimed in Claim 8, in which the composition includes up to 20% by mass of a solid flocculent selected from a group consisting of aluminium sulphate, aluminium chloride, aluminium hydroxychloride and an organic polymer flocculant.
10. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 , in which the transition metal compound is complexed with a complexing agent selected from a group consisting of amine complexing agents, organic carboxylic acid complexing agents and mixtures thereof.
1 1 . A composition as claimed in Claim 1 , in which the transition metal of the transition metal compound is a member selected from a group consisting of copper, silver, manganese, iron and mixtures thereof.
12. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 1 , in which the transition metal is a member of a group consisting of copper, silver and a mixture thereof.
13. A composition as claimed in Claim 10, in which the amine complexing agent is a member of a group consisting of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
14. A method of treating water to enhance the purity thereof, the method comprising the step of admixing, with raw water to be treated, a chemical composition for treatment of water, the chemical composition comprising a mixture which includes:
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of alkali metal persulphates, ammonium persulphate, hydrates of alkali metal persulphates, hydrates of ammonium persulphate and mixtures thereof; 20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of potassium monopersulphate, hydrates of potassium monopersulphate and mixtures thereof;
1 - 20% by mass of a pH buffer; 1 - 20% by mass of a zinc compound; and
2 - 20% by mass of a member of a group consisting of transition metal compounds and mixtures thereof, each transition metal compound of the group being soluble in water and forming a transition metal ion which is able to cycle between two oxidation states when the composition is added to water, whose pH is buffered by the pH buffer to maintain it in the range of 6.8 - 8.4.
15. A method as claimed in claimed in Claim 14, in which the pH buffer is sodium bisulphate.
16. A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which the zinc compound is a member of a group consisting of zinc sulphate, zinc chloride and mixtures thereof.
17. A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which the transition metal compound is complexed with a complexing agent selected from a group consisting of amine complexing agents, organic carboxylic acid complexing agents and mixtures thereof.
18. A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which the transition metal of the transition metal compound is a member selected from a group consisting of copper, silver, manganese, iron and mixtures thereof.
19. A method a claimed in Claim 14, in which a dosage of the composition of 2.5 - 10mg/I per litre of raw water is used.
20. A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which the pH of the water is maintained in the range 6.8 - 7.2.
21 . A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which the alkalinity of the water is maintained at a level of 50 - 80 ppm.
22. A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which a calcium ion concentration in the water is maintained at a level of 250 - 350 ppm.
23. A method as claimed in Claim 14, in which the treatment of water is supplemented from time to time with an additional shock treatment in which a chemical composition is added to the water to be treated, the composition for shock treatment comprising a mixture which includes: 20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of alkali metal persulphates, ammonium persulphate, hydrates of alkali metal persulphates, hydrates of ammonium persulphate and mixtures thereof;
20 - 80% by mass of a member selected from a group consisting of potassium monopersulphate, hydrates of potassium monopersulphate and mixtures thereof; and a chlorine containing compound.
24. A method as claimed in Claim 23, in which the composition for additional shock treatment includes up to 40% by mass of the chlorine containing compound.
25. A method as claimed in Claim 24, in which the chlorine containing compound is a member of a group consisting of trichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium dichloroisocyanurate, lithium hypochlorite, chloro-p- toluene sulphonamide and mixtures thereof.
PCT/IB2007/054871 2006-11-30 2007-11-30 Method and composition for treating water WO2008065631A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200610046 2006-11-30
ZA2006/10046 2006-11-30

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WO2008065631A1 true WO2008065631A1 (en) 2008-06-05

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2330083A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2011-06-08 Distribuidora Pool Magic 2004, S.L Flocculating algicide composition
EP2330082A3 (en) * 2009-10-16 2012-09-05 Sanosil Service GmbH Cleaning and disinfection agent and use of same
WO2012126357A1 (en) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 哈尔滨工业大学 Water treatment agent for removing contaminant through oxidation with high-activity intermediate-state pentavalent manganese
CN102883783A (en) * 2010-04-26 2013-01-16 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 Treatment agent for decomposition of chemical substance which comprises persulfuric acid salt and silver complex, and method for decomposition of chemical substance using same
CN104671436A (en) * 2015-02-10 2015-06-03 江苏艾特克环境工程设计研究院有限公司 Higher oxidant and preparation method thereof
CN112973754A (en) * 2021-03-01 2021-06-18 南开大学 Preparation method of novel transition metal monoatomic catalyst loaded on carbon-based material
CN116020854A (en) * 2023-02-03 2023-04-28 天津大学 Method for treating waste plastics based on persulfate system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6120698A (en) * 1998-05-15 2000-09-19 Advanced Water Technology, Inc. Balanced water purification composition
WO2003095361A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2003-11-20 Biolab, Inc. Catalytic oxidation of peroxy salts
WO2004074183A2 (en) * 2003-02-18 2004-09-02 Katz, Joanne, Raphael Chemical composition for the treatment of water

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6120698A (en) * 1998-05-15 2000-09-19 Advanced Water Technology, Inc. Balanced water purification composition
WO2003095361A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2003-11-20 Biolab, Inc. Catalytic oxidation of peroxy salts
WO2004074183A2 (en) * 2003-02-18 2004-09-02 Katz, Joanne, Raphael Chemical composition for the treatment of water

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2330083A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2011-06-08 Distribuidora Pool Magic 2004, S.L Flocculating algicide composition
EP2330083A4 (en) * 2008-08-26 2012-05-30 Distribuidora Pool Magic 2004 S L Flocculating algicide composition
EP2330082A3 (en) * 2009-10-16 2012-09-05 Sanosil Service GmbH Cleaning and disinfection agent and use of same
CN102883783A (en) * 2010-04-26 2013-01-16 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 Treatment agent for decomposition of chemical substance which comprises persulfuric acid salt and silver complex, and method for decomposition of chemical substance using same
WO2012126357A1 (en) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 哈尔滨工业大学 Water treatment agent for removing contaminant through oxidation with high-activity intermediate-state pentavalent manganese
CN104671436A (en) * 2015-02-10 2015-06-03 江苏艾特克环境工程设计研究院有限公司 Higher oxidant and preparation method thereof
CN112973754A (en) * 2021-03-01 2021-06-18 南开大学 Preparation method of novel transition metal monoatomic catalyst loaded on carbon-based material
CN116020854A (en) * 2023-02-03 2023-04-28 天津大学 Method for treating waste plastics based on persulfate system

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