WO2008062086A1 - Block for anti-reflectant quay - Google Patents

Block for anti-reflectant quay Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008062086A1
WO2008062086A1 PCT/ES2007/000671 ES2007000671W WO2008062086A1 WO 2008062086 A1 WO2008062086 A1 WO 2008062086A1 ES 2007000671 W ES2007000671 W ES 2007000671W WO 2008062086 A1 WO2008062086 A1 WO 2008062086A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
chamber
prismatic
openings
reflective
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PCT/ES2007/000671
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joaquín de María GARRIDO CHECA
José Alberto GONZÁLEZ ESCRIVA
Josep Ramón MEDINA FOLGADO
Original Assignee
Universidad Politecnica De Valencia
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Application filed by Universidad Politecnica De Valencia filed Critical Universidad Politecnica De Valencia
Publication of WO2008062086A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008062086A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/066—Quays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment

Definitions

  • Patent of Invention has as its main objective the reduction of the reflectivity of the docks for the docking of boats, although it can also be used in shelter docks, coastal defenses and promenades, navigation channels, contours of docks and banks of the sea, lakes or rivers and other applications in which it is convenient to reduce the reflectivity of the structures and place the blocks object of the invention to generate suitable prismatic chambers to attenuate the waves reflected in a wide range of frequencies.
  • the docks are structures for berthing and mooring of boats, which generally offer a vertical surface very reflective of the waves and water oscillations in the dock or flotation area in which they are located.
  • springs and anti-reflective walls can be formed with two types of cameras with dynamic different filling / emptying that are more effective to reduce the reflectivity of the structure in a greater frequency range.
  • the invention described below solves the aforementioned drawbacks, since it is a type of block for constructing vertical anti-reflective springs and, in general, vertical surfaces of low reflectivity against waves, accompaniment waves and sea oscillations or river, for a wide range of frequencies.
  • the reduction of reflection, with the prismatic chambers that form the blocks object of the invention, is achieved by replacing the waterproof front vertical wall with permeable hollow prismatic enclosures aligned in front of the rear vertical wall of the spring or vertical structure, keeping most of the process usual construction of the block spring and with the simple replacement of conventional blocks with the anti-reflective blocks.
  • two types of cameras are created with two different filling / emptying dynamics: front, prismatic cameras with perforated or slotted openings and, behind, complementary cameras formed by the space between the rear vertical wall and the front cameras.
  • front prismatic cameras with perforated or slotted openings
  • rear complementary cameras formed by the space between the rear vertical wall and the front cameras.
  • design possibilities increase to reduce reflections more effectively and in a wider frequency range.
  • off-center openings can be used that favor the rotation of the water within the prismatic chamber and the emptying of the two types of chambers can be further offset.
  • the attenuating effectiveness of the blocks object of the invention will depend on the dimensions of the block that will condition the separation between prismatic chambers, the section and dimensions thereof, their distance to the rear vertical wall, their porosity, type of openings (grooved, perforated, etc.) and, in the case of prismatic chambers of circular section, the direction of said openings (axial or offset).
  • the height of the block will also affect the reflectivity and will normally be related to the size of the substituted blocks that will be placed stacked, juxtaposed or tongue and groove to form the anti-reflective wall.
  • the blocks may also contain internal friction elements to dissipate energy or, if appropriate, promote the rotation of water within the prismatic chambers of circular section that are formed.
  • the fundamental advantage of the invention lies in the flexibility of design since, in addition to achieving the effectiveness of the double chamber without being built, with slight variations in the openings of the prismatic chamber the response of the structure can be adapted at certain climatic conditions and can be effective in a frequency range much greater than that obtained with blocks that form a single chamber.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a spring to which the anti-reflective blocks of the present invention have been attached.
  • Figure 2. Shows a sectional view of the side elevation of the spring represented in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3. Shows a detail of the front view of the spring of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4. Shows a perspective view of a block with prismatic chamber of circular section and off-center grooves coupled to the spring and a sectioned plan view of said block.
  • Figure 5. Shows a sectioned plan view of two blocks such as that of Figure 4 coupled in which the currents associated with the crest and the sine of the incident wave on the spring are also appreciated.
  • Figure 6. Shows a perspective view and another plan view of a block like that of Figure 4 but with axial grooves.
  • Figure 7. Shows a perspective view of a block with a prismatic chamber of rectangular section and four grooves coupled to the spring and a sectioned plan view of said block.
  • Figure 8 shows a perspective view and a plan view of a block like that of Figure 7 but with four slots.
  • Figure 9. Shows a sectional plan view of three blocks such as that of Figure 8 coupled in which the currents associated with the crest and within the incident wave on the spring are also appreciated.
  • the anti-reflective block (1) of the invention can be observed, intended to replace the solid blocks (2) that make up the traditional block springs up to a certain depth (7), so that at least replace those located in the areas where the horizontal plane of the resting water level cuts the structure.
  • This is configured from a structure in whose front part there is a prismatic chamber (3), with openings (9), and a rear wall (6) that forms the rear vertical wall, existing between them an open space that forms a complementary chamber (4).
  • the incident swell is partially reflected in the front wall (5) of the prismatic chamber (3) first and in the rear wall (6) later.
  • currents associated to the waves are generated reflected offsets that interfere with the incident waves attenuating the overall reflection of the structure.
  • the prismatic chamber (3) has a completely different filling-emptying dynamic than that of the complementary chamber (4), expanding the frequency range in which the reflection is reduced.
  • the complementary chambers can be divided into compartments by one or several partitions (10). which in turn can have holes (8) that favor the additional dissipation of energy.
  • the section and dimensions of the prismatic chambers (3), the openings (9) and the separations between said prismatic chambers (3) will be adequate to attenuate the reflection of the waves with the effectiveness and the required frequency range.
  • the thicknesses and the reinforcement of the anti-reflective block (1) will be those necessary to resist the actions of waves and terrain, as well as those induced by the transport, handling and commissioning of the blocks.
  • prismatic chambers (3) of circular section and offset openings (9) are shown (9) off-center, so that the direction of rotation of the water is favored by said off-center openings (9), creating a preferred direction of rotation both in the filling situation and of emptying that increases the gap between the emptyings of the prismatic chamber (3) and the complementary chamber (4).
  • openings (9) of the prismatic chambers (3) of circular section are axial, as can be seen in Figure 6.
  • the openings (9) both axial and offset can adopt multiple configurations (number, shape, size, penetration, etc.) in order to achieve in the block of the invention a determined response for a frequency range also determined.
  • the rotation of the water inside the prismatic chambers (3) of circular section can be favored with asymmetric friction elements, not shown, located at the bottom or the walls of the cylindrical chambers. These friction elements can also be used in the complementary chambers (4) to dissipate energy, or outside the prismatic chambers themselves (3).
  • a block can be seen whose prismatic chamber (3) is also of rectangular section but whose width is that of the anti-reflective block itself (1), not leaving as much free space when it is placed contiguously to another identical block.
  • the prismatic chamber (3) is also of rectangular section but whose width is that of the anti-reflective block itself (1), not leaving as much free space when it is placed contiguously to another identical block.
  • the behavior of the anti-reflective blocks ( 1) is the usual double perforated chamber whose response will depend above all on the permeability of the openings (9) and not on the unique filling / emptying dynamics of the prismatic chamber.

Abstract

Block used for the construction of anti-reflectant quays and vertical facings with low reflectivity for waves, wherein the basic purpose is to reduce the reflection of waves over a wide range of frequencies to make vessel mooring easier; the basic structure is a prismatic chamber (3) with openings (9) and a back wall (6) which forms the rear vertical facing, between which is an open space which forms a complementary chamber (4), each of said chambers having a different filling and/or emptying dynamic.

Description

BLOQUE PARA MUELLE ANTIRREFLEJANTE ANTI-REFLECTIVE SPRING BLOCK
D E S C R I P C I Ó ND E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente solicitud de Patente de Invención tiene como objetivo principal Ia reducción de Ia reflectividad de los muelles para el atraque de embarcaciones, aunque puede utilizarse también en diques de abrigo, defensas costeras y paseos marítimos, canales de navegación, contornos de dársenas y riberas del mar, lagos o ríos y otras aplicaciones en las que sea conveniente Ia reducción de Ia reflectividad de las estructuras y se coloquen los bloques objeto de Ia invención para generar cámaras prismáticas adecuadas para atenuar el oleaje reflejado en un amplio rango de frecuencias.The present application for a Patent of Invention has as its main objective the reduction of the reflectivity of the docks for the docking of boats, although it can also be used in shelter docks, coastal defenses and promenades, navigation channels, contours of docks and banks of the sea, lakes or rivers and other applications in which it is convenient to reduce the reflectivity of the structures and place the blocks object of the invention to generate suitable prismatic chambers to attenuate the waves reflected in a wide range of frequencies.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Los muelles son estructuras para el atraque y amarre de embarcaciones, que generalmente ofrecen un paramento vertical muy reflejante al oleaje y oscilaciones del agua en Ia dársena o área de flotación en Ia que se encuentran. Para reducir Ia amplificación de Ia energía dentro de las zonas portuarias, áreas de navegación o espacios litorales es necesario reducir Ia reflectividad del contorno de las áreas de flotación o riberas utilizando tipologías poco reflejantes como taludes de escollera, playas, muelles claraboya o muelles antirreflejantes.The docks are structures for berthing and mooring of boats, which generally offer a vertical surface very reflective of the waves and water oscillations in the dock or flotation area in which they are located. To reduce the amplification of the energy within the port areas, navigation areas or coastal spaces, it is necessary to reduce the reflectivity of the contour of the flotation areas or riverbanks using little reflective typologies such as slopes, beaches, skylight docks or anti-reflective docks.
El uso de tipologías antirreflejantes de muelles, especialmente las de elementos prefabricados para muelles de bloques, está siendo favorecida por Ia necesidad de reducir Ia agitación portuaria sin alterar mucho Ia morfología del muelle y sin Ia introducción de elementos granulares (arenas, gravas, bolos o escollera) dentro de los puertos. En los grandes puertos comerciales, Ia motivación es similar a Ia de los pequeños puertos pero los calados y el tamaño de los buques favorece Ia solución de cajones prefabricados, a los que también se puede aplicar una solución de cámaras prismáticas semejante a Ia aplicada a los muelles de bloques para embarcaciones de menor calado.The use of spring anti-reflective typologies, especially of prefabricated elements for block springs, it is being favored by the need to reduce port agitation without greatly altering the morphology of the pier and without the introduction of granular elements (sands, gravels, bowling or jetty) within the ports. In the large commercial ports, the motivation is similar to that of the small ports but the draft and the size of the vessels favors the solution of prefabricated drawers, to which a solution of prismatic chambers similar to that applied to the ones can also be applied Block docks for smaller vessels.
La reducción de Ia reflectividad, en su aplicación para canales de navegación, defensas costeras longitudinales y paseos marítimos, se traduce en una menor inestabilidad del borde litoral que puede erosionarse por Ia reflexión, así como menores rebases y fuerzas sobre las estructuras.The reduction of the reflectivity, in its application for navigation channels, longitudinal coastal defenses and sea promenades, translates into a lower instability of the coastal edge that can be eroded by reflection, as well as smaller overflows and forces on the structures.
Para reducir Ia reflectividad de los muelles verticales de bloques se han propuesto a Io largo de los años una serie de modificaciones estructurales con diferentes características basadas en el diseño de bloques especiales con formas complejas que apilados o ensamblados frente al muelle forman un paramento antirreflejante que se caracteriza por tener un espacio hueco entre el paramento frontal y el trasero del tipo "dique Jarían" (US3118282, 1964) consistente en establecer una cámara perforada frente al dique para disipar Ia energía del oleaje y desfasar el oleaje reflejado en Ia pared frontal permeable y en Ia pared trasera impermeable.To reduce the reflectivity of vertical block springs, a series of structural modifications have been proposed over the years with different characteristics based on the design of special blocks with complex shapes that stacked or assembled in front of the spring form an anti-reflective wall that characterized by having a hollow space between the front and rear walls of the "Jarían dyke" type (US3118282, 1964) consisting of establishing a perforated chamber in front of the dike to dissipate the energy of the waves and offset the waves reflected in the permeable front wall and in the waterproof back wall.
Con el nuevo bloque que se propone se pueden formar muelles y paramentos antirreflejantes con dos tipos de cámaras con dinámicas de llenado/vaciado diferentes que resultan más efectivas para reducir Ia reflectividad de Ia estructura en un mayor rango de frecuencias.With the proposed new block, springs and anti-reflective walls can be formed with two types of cameras with dynamic different filling / emptying that are more effective to reduce the reflectivity of the structure in a greater frequency range.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención que a continuación se describe resuelve los inconvenientes antes señalados, pues se trata de un tipo de bloque para construir muelles verticales antirreflejantes y, en general, paramentos verticales de baja reflectividad frente al oleaje, a las ondas de acompañamiento y las oscilaciones del mar o fluviales, para un amplio rango de frecuencias.The invention described below solves the aforementioned drawbacks, since it is a type of block for constructing vertical anti-reflective springs and, in general, vertical surfaces of low reflectivity against waves, accompaniment waves and sea oscillations or river, for a wide range of frequencies.
La reducción de reflexión, con las cámaras prismáticas que forman los bloques objeto de Ia invención, se consigue al sustituir el paramento vertical frontal impermeable por recintos prismáticos huecos permeables alineados delante del paramento vertical trasero del muelle o estructura vertical, manteniendo Ia mayor parte del proceso constructivo habitual del muelle de bloques y con Ia simple sustitución de bloques convencionales por los bloques antirreflejantes.The reduction of reflection, with the prismatic chambers that form the blocks object of the invention, is achieved by replacing the waterproof front vertical wall with permeable hollow prismatic enclosures aligned in front of the rear vertical wall of the spring or vertical structure, keeping most of the process usual construction of the block spring and with the simple replacement of conventional blocks with the anti-reflective blocks.
De esta forma, se crean dos tipos de cámaras con dos dinámicas de llenado/vaciado diferentes: delante, cámaras prismáticas con aberturas perforadas o ranuradas y, detrás, cámaras complementarias formadas por el espacio que queda entre el paramento vertical trasero y las cámaras delanteras. Al tener dos tipos de cámaras con dos dinámicas diferentes, aumentan las posibilidades de diseño para disminuir las reflexiones con mayor efectividad y en un rango de frecuencias más amplio. Además, para el caso en el que las cámaras prismáticas tengan sección circular, se pueden utilizar aberturas descentradas que favorezcan Ia rotación del agua dentro de Ia cámara prismática pudiendo desfasar más el vaciado de los dos tipos de cámaras.In this way, two types of cameras are created with two different filling / emptying dynamics: front, prismatic cameras with perforated or slotted openings and, behind, complementary cameras formed by the space between the rear vertical wall and the front cameras. By having two types of cameras with two different dynamics, design possibilities increase to reduce reflections more effectively and in a wider frequency range. In addition, for the case in which the prismatic chambers have a circular section, off-center openings can be used that favor the rotation of the water within the prismatic chamber and the emptying of the two types of chambers can be further offset.
La efectividad atenuadora de los bloques objeto de Ia invención dependerá de las dimensiones del bloque que condicionará Ia separación entre cámaras prismáticas, Ia sección y dimensiones de las mismas, su distancia al paramento vertical trasero, su porosidad, tipo de aberturas (ranurado, perforado, etc.) y, en el caso de cámaras prismáticas de sección circular, Ia dirección de dichas aberturas (axial o descentrada). La altura del bloque afectará también Ia reflectividad y estará relacionada, normalmente, con el tamaño de los bloques sustituidos que se colocarán apilados, yuxtapuestos o machihembrados para formar el paramento antirreflejante.The attenuating effectiveness of the blocks object of the invention will depend on the dimensions of the block that will condition the separation between prismatic chambers, the section and dimensions thereof, their distance to the rear vertical wall, their porosity, type of openings (grooved, perforated, etc.) and, in the case of prismatic chambers of circular section, the direction of said openings (axial or offset). The height of the block will also affect the reflectivity and will normally be related to the size of the substituted blocks that will be placed stacked, juxtaposed or tongue and groove to form the anti-reflective wall.
Los bloques pueden además contener elementos de fricción interna para disipar energía o favorecer, en su caso, Ia rotación del agua dentro de las cámaras prismáticas de sección circular que se formen.The blocks may also contain internal friction elements to dissipate energy or, if appropriate, promote the rotation of water within the prismatic chambers of circular section that are formed.
Con todo ello, Ia ventaja fundamental de Ia invención radica en Ia flexibilidad de diseño ya que, además de conseguir Ia efectividad de Ia doble cámara sin ser construida, con ligeras variaciones en las aberturas de Ia cámara prismática se puede adaptar Ia respuesta de Ia estructura a unas determinadas condiciones climáticas y puede ser efectiva en un rango de frecuencias mucho mayor que el que se obtiene con bloques que forman una sola cámara. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSWith all this, the fundamental advantage of the invention lies in the flexibility of design since, in addition to achieving the effectiveness of the double chamber without being built, with slight variations in the openings of the prismatic chamber the response of the structure can be adapted at certain climatic conditions and can be effective in a frequency range much greater than that obtained with blocks that form a single chamber. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar Ia descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de Ia invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, de un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado Io siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, it is accompanied as an integral part of said description, of a set of drawings where, for the purposes of illustration and not limitation, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un muelle al que se Ie han acoplado los bloques antirreflejantes de Ia presente invención.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a spring to which the anti-reflective blocks of the present invention have been attached.
La figura 2.- Muestra una vista en sección del alzado lateral del muelle representado en Ia figura 1.Figure 2.- Shows a sectional view of the side elevation of the spring represented in Figure 1.
La figura 3.- Muestra un detalle de Ia vista frontal del muelle de Ia figura 1.Figure 3.- Shows a detail of the front view of the spring of Figure 1.
La figura 4.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un bloque con cámara prismática de sección circular y ranuras descentradas acoplado al muelle y una vista en planta seccionada de dicho bloque.Figure 4.- Shows a perspective view of a block with prismatic chamber of circular section and off-center grooves coupled to the spring and a sectioned plan view of said block.
La figura 5.- Muestra una vista en planta seccionada de sendos bloques como el de Ia figura 4 acoplados en donde además se aprecian las corrientes asociadas a Ia cresta y al seno de Ia ola incidente sobre el muelle.Figure 5.- Shows a sectioned plan view of two blocks such as that of Figure 4 coupled in which the currents associated with the crest and the sine of the incident wave on the spring are also appreciated.
La figura 6.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva y otra en planta de un bloque como el de Ia figura 4 pero con ranuras axiales. La figura 7.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un bloque con cámara prismática de sección rectangular y cuatro ranuras acoplado al muelle y una vista en planta seccionada de dicho bloque.Figure 6.- Shows a perspective view and another plan view of a block like that of Figure 4 but with axial grooves. Figure 7.- Shows a perspective view of a block with a prismatic chamber of rectangular section and four grooves coupled to the spring and a sectioned plan view of said block.
La figura 8.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva y otra en planta de un bloque como el de Ia figura 7 pero con cuatro ranuras.Figure 8 shows a perspective view and a plan view of a block like that of Figure 7 but with four slots.
La figura 9.- Muestra una vista en planta seccionada de tres bloques como el de Ia figura 8 acoplados en donde además se aprecian las corrientes asociadas a Ia cresta y al seno de Ia ola incidente sobre el muelle.Figure 9.- Shows a sectional plan view of three blocks such as that of Figure 8 coupled in which the currents associated with the crest and within the incident wave on the spring are also appreciated.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A Ia vista de las figuras, puede observarse el bloque antirreflejante (1 ) de Ia invención, destinado a sustituir a los bloques macizos (2) que conforman los muelles de bloques tradicionales hasta una cierta profundidad (7), de forma que al menos se substituyan aquellos situados en las zonas donde el plano horizontal del nivel de agua en reposo corta Ia estructura. Este se configura a partir de una estructura en cuya parte frontal se dispone una cámara prismática (3), con aberturas (9), y una pared posterior (6) que conforma el paramento vertical trasero, existiendo entre ambas un espacio abierto que forma una cámara complementaria (4).In view of the figures, the anti-reflective block (1) of the invention can be observed, intended to replace the solid blocks (2) that make up the traditional block springs up to a certain depth (7), so that at least replace those located in the areas where the horizontal plane of the resting water level cuts the structure. This is configured from a structure in whose front part there is a prismatic chamber (3), with openings (9), and a rear wall (6) that forms the rear vertical wall, existing between them an open space that forms a complementary chamber (4).
El oleaje incidente se refleja parcialmente en Ia pared frontal (5) de Ia cámara prismática (3) primero y en Ia pared trasera (6) después. En Ia cámara complementaria (4) se generan corrientes asociadas a las ondas reflejadas desfasadas que interfieren con el oleaje incidente atenuando Ia reflexión global de Ia estructura.The incident swell is partially reflected in the front wall (5) of the prismatic chamber (3) first and in the rear wall (6) later. In the complementary chamber (4) currents associated to the waves are generated reflected offsets that interfere with the incident waves attenuating the overall reflection of the structure.
Por su parte, Ia cámara prismática (3) tiene una dinámica de llenado-vaciado completamente diferente a Ia de Ia cámara complementaria (4) ampliando el rango de frecuencias en que se disminuye Ia reflexión.On the other hand, the prismatic chamber (3) has a completely different filling-emptying dynamic than that of the complementary chamber (4), expanding the frequency range in which the reflection is reduced.
Por otro lado, bien por necesidades de diseño de cara a mejorar el comportamiento ante una determinada frecuencia de oleaje o bien para dotar a Ia misma de mayor rigidez estructural, las cámaras complementarias pueden estar divididas en compartimentos por uno o varios tabiques (10) los cuales a su vez pueden contar con orificios (8) que favorezcan Ia disipación adicional de energía.On the other hand, due to design needs in order to improve the behavior before a certain wave frequency or to provide it with greater structural rigidity, the complementary chambers can be divided into compartments by one or several partitions (10). which in turn can have holes (8) that favor the additional dissipation of energy.
La sección y dimensiones de las cámaras prismáticas (3), de las aberturas (9) y de las separaciones entre dichas cámaras prismáticas (3) serán las adecuadas para atenuar Ia reflexión del oleaje con Ia efectividad y el rango de frecuencias requerido. Los espesores y el armado del bloque antirreflejante (1) serán los necesarios para resistir las acciones del oleaje y terreno, así como las inducidas por el transporte, manipulación y puesta en obra de los bloques.The section and dimensions of the prismatic chambers (3), the openings (9) and the separations between said prismatic chambers (3) will be adequate to attenuate the reflection of the waves with the effectiveness and the required frequency range. The thicknesses and the reinforcement of the anti-reflective block (1) will be those necessary to resist the actions of waves and terrain, as well as those induced by the transport, handling and commissioning of the blocks.
Una posible realización es el caso de cámaras prismáticas (3) de sección circular y aberturas (9) descentradas, tal y como puede observarse en las figuras 4 y 5, en donde se muestra una cámara prismática (3) de sección circular con dos aberturas (9) descentradas, de forma que el sentido de rotación del agua se vea favorecido por dichas aberturas (9) descentradas, creando un sentido preferente de rotación tanto en situación de llenado como de vaciado que aumenta el desfase entre los vaciados de Ia cámara prismática (3) y Ia cámara complementaria (4).One possible embodiment is the case of prismatic chambers (3) of circular section and offset openings (9), as can be seen in Figures 4 and 5, where a prismatic chamber (3) of circular section with two openings is shown (9) off-center, so that the direction of rotation of the water is favored by said off-center openings (9), creating a preferred direction of rotation both in the filling situation and of emptying that increases the gap between the emptyings of the prismatic chamber (3) and the complementary chamber (4).
Otra posible forma de realización de las aberturas (9) de las cámaras prismáticas (3) de sección circular es Ia de que éstas sean axiales, tal y como puede verse en Ia figura 6.Another possible embodiment of the openings (9) of the prismatic chambers (3) of circular section is that they are axial, as can be seen in Figure 6.
Evidentemente, las aberturas (9) tanto axiales como descentradas pueden adoptar múltiples configuraciones (número, forma, tamaño, penetración, etc.) de cara a conseguir en el bloque de Ia invención una respuesta determinada para un rango de frecuencias también determinado.Obviously, the openings (9) both axial and offset can adopt multiple configurations (number, shape, size, penetration, etc.) in order to achieve in the block of the invention a determined response for a frequency range also determined.
Además, Ia rotación del agua dentro de las cámaras prismáticas (3) de sección circular se puede favorecer con elementos de fricción asimétricos, no representados, situados en el fondo o las paredes de las cámaras cilindricas. Estos elementos de fricción también pueden utilizarse en las cámaras complementarias (4) para disipar energía, o en el exterior de las propias cámaras prismáticas (3).In addition, the rotation of the water inside the prismatic chambers (3) of circular section can be favored with asymmetric friction elements, not shown, located at the bottom or the walls of the cylindrical chambers. These friction elements can also be used in the complementary chambers (4) to dissipate energy, or outside the prismatic chambers themselves (3).
En otra posible realización mostrada en las figuras 8 y 9, puede verse un bloque cuya cámara prismática (3) es también de sección rectangular pero cuya anchura es Ia del propio bloque antirreflejante (1), no dejando por Io tanto espacio libre cuando es situada de forma contigua a otro bloque idéntico. Dicho de otro modo, al colocarse dos bloques antirreflejantes (1 ) de forma continua para formar el muelle, no existe espacio libre o separación entre sus respectivas cámaras prismáticas (3), creando además cámaras complementarias cerradas (11 ). A diferencia de los bloques antirreflejantes con cámaras prismáticas (3) en los que Ia separación entre cámaras prismáticas es el factor clave de su comportamiento antirreflejante, en el caso de reducir a cero Ia separación entre las cámaras prismáticas, el comportamiento de los bloques antirreflejantes (1 ) es el habitual de cámara doble perforada cuya respuesta dependerá sobretodo de Ia permeabilidad de las aberturas (9) y no de Ia singular dinámica de llenado/vaciado de Ia cámara prismática. In another possible embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9, a block can be seen whose prismatic chamber (3) is also of rectangular section but whose width is that of the anti-reflective block itself (1), not leaving as much free space when it is placed contiguously to another identical block. In other words, by placing two anti-reflective blocks (1) continuously to form the spring, there is no free space or separation between their respective prismatic chambers (3), also creating complementary closed chambers (11). Unlike the anti-reflective blocks with prismatic chambers (3) in which the separation between prismatic cameras is the key factor of their anti-reflective behavior, in the case of reducing the separation between the prismatic cameras to zero, the behavior of the anti-reflective blocks ( 1) is the usual double perforated chamber whose response will depend above all on the permeability of the openings (9) and not on the unique filling / emptying dynamics of the prismatic chamber.

Claims

R E I VI N D I C A C I O N E S REI VI NDICATIONS
1.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante caracterizado porque comprende una cámara prismática (3) con aberturas (9) y una pared posterior (6) que conforma el paramento vertical trasero, entre las cuales se define un espacio abierto que forma una cámara complementaria (4).1.- Block for anti-reflective spring characterized in that it comprises a prismatic chamber (3) with openings (9) and a rear wall (6) that forms the rear vertical wall, between which an open space is defined that forms a complementary chamber (4 ).
2.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque Ia cámara prismática (3) es de sección circular.2. Block antireflective spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the prismatic chamber (3) is of circular section.
3.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según reivindicación 2a, caracterizado porque las aberturas (9) de Ia cámara prismática (3) de sección circular son aberturas descentradas.3. Block antireflective spring according to claim 2, wherein the openings (9) of the prismatic chamber (3) of circular section are offset openings.
4.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según reivindicación 2a, caracterizado porque las aberturas (9) de Ia cámara prismática (3) de sección circular son aberturas axiales.4. Block antireflective spring according to claim 2, wherein the openings (9) of the prismatic chamber (3) of circular section are axial openings.
5.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque Ia cámara prismática (3) es de sección rectangular.5. Block antireflective spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the prismatic chamber (3) is rectangular.
6.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque las dimensiones de Ia cámara prismática (3) son tales que situado dicho bloque de forma contigua a otro idéntico para formar el muelle no existe separación entre sus respectivas cámaras prismáticas (3) contiguas. 6. Block for anti-reflective spring according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dimensions of the prismatic chamber (3) are such that said block located adjacent to another identical to form the spring there is no separation between their respective prismatic cameras ( 3) contiguous.
7.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque Ia cámara complementaria (4) esta dividida en compartimentos por medio de uno o varios tabiques (10).7. Block antireflective spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the additive chamber (4) is divided into compartments by one or more partitions (10).
8.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según reivindicación 7a. caracterizado porque los tabiques (10) cuentan con orificios (8) que favorecen Ia disipación adicional de energía.8.- Block for anti-reflective spring according to claim 7 a . characterized in that the partitions (10) have holes (8) that favor the additional dissipation of energy.
9.- Bloque para muelle antirreflejante según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque en el interior y/o exterior de Ia cámara prismática (3) y/o en Ia cámara complementaria (4) se sitúan elementos de fricción. 9. Block for anti-reflective spring according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that friction elements are located inside and / or outside of the prismatic chamber (3) and / or in the complementary chamber (4).
PCT/ES2007/000671 2006-11-23 2007-11-21 Block for anti-reflectant quay WO2008062086A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200603100A ES2301403B2 (en) 2006-11-23 2006-11-23 BLOCK FOR ANTI-REFLECTIVE SPRING.
ESP200603100 2006-11-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008062086A1 true WO2008062086A1 (en) 2008-05-29

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WO (1) WO2008062086A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1523411A (en) * 1976-11-01 1978-08-31 Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd Wave subduer bank
US4175888A (en) * 1978-06-12 1979-11-27 Iida Kensetsu Co., Ltd. Block for constructing breakwater
JPS63312409A (en) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-20 Hazama Gumi Ltd Wave dissipator
JP2000144674A (en) * 1998-11-16 2000-05-26 Daio Kensetsu Kk Built-up wave-suppressing caisson and its construction method
KR100650480B1 (en) * 2006-08-21 2006-11-30 주식회사 유일종합기술단 Prefabricated wave absorbing block using breakwater

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1523411A (en) * 1976-11-01 1978-08-31 Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd Wave subduer bank
US4175888A (en) * 1978-06-12 1979-11-27 Iida Kensetsu Co., Ltd. Block for constructing breakwater
JPS63312409A (en) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-20 Hazama Gumi Ltd Wave dissipator
JP2000144674A (en) * 1998-11-16 2000-05-26 Daio Kensetsu Kk Built-up wave-suppressing caisson and its construction method
KR100650480B1 (en) * 2006-08-21 2006-11-30 주식회사 유일종합기술단 Prefabricated wave absorbing block using breakwater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2301403B2 (en) 2009-12-17
ES2301403A1 (en) 2008-06-16

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