WO2008056465A1

WO2008056465A1 - Sorting device

Info

Publication number: WO2008056465A1
Application number: PCT/JP2007/063682
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jun Yokoyama; Ryozo Ushio; Koji Komatsu; Koji Kawamoto
Original assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.; International Center For Environmental Technology Transfer
Priority date: 2006-11-08
Filing date: 2007-07-09
Publication date: 2008-05-15
Also published as: JPWO2008056465A1; TW200821054A; JP4138865B2

Abstract

An object (Sa) to be sorted is placed on a belt conveyor (3) from a hopper (2) such that a portion of the upper part of the object layer is raised. The object is hit against a vibration sieve (5) while being conveyed, fine grain portions having passed the sieve are left at the center of the belt conveyor, and rough grain portions are pushed out to both sides of the belt conveyor. The upper surface of the center is flattened and the amount of water content is adjusted. After that, X-ray is applied to the object by a fluorescent X-ray measurement device (10), and the density of a specific element is measured by detecting a fluorescent X-ray generated. When the object is discharged from the belt conveyor, the direction of unloading is changed by a conveyance route changeover device (11) based on the measurement value of the density of the specific element.

Description

Specification

Sorting device

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intermediate product, a by-product in a process of producing a soil containing a specific element, a raw material such as an ore containing the specific element, or a powdery, granular or gravel-like product or product containing the specific element, This refers to sorting equipment used for process management and quality control in manufacturing equipment, purification equipment, recycling equipment, etc., for sorting wastes and other sorting objects according to a predetermined concentration.

Background art

[0002] Soil contamination by toxic substances has become a major social problem, and in particular, the problem of soil contamination by heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium 'mercury' power Doom is becoming more serious. At present, many methods are generally used to purify contaminated soil with heavy metals after excavating the contaminated soil, treating it with fixed soil, and transporting it to a disposal site. However, with the increase in the amount of waste generated in recent years, the decrease in the remaining capacity and the remaining years at the final disposal site has become a problem. For this reason, for example, dredging heavy metals adhering to contaminated soil by washing operation and filling the purified soil back to the original ground or reclaimed ground has attracted attention.

[0003] As described above, when the contaminated soil is purified and backfilled to a strong ground, etc., the contaminated soil is selected according to the concentration of contamination and the type of the contaminant, and the selected soil is converted into the selected soil. It is desirable to perform appropriate treatments such as cleaning. This is due to the following circumstances.

[0004] Even soils that have been contaminated with heavy metals and that need to be repaired by purifiers generally have different levels of contamination between the surface layer of the soil and the depth or layer beneath the surface. There are so many! In addition, the concentration of contamination can be significantly different depending on the position on the plane, and there are some parts that do not need to be repaired at all. Furthermore, due to the characteristics of the pollutants, the part with an abnormally high contamination concentration is unevenly distributed, which may exceed the treatment capacity of the purification equipment. In such a case, the purification equipment is contaminated with high-concentration heavy metals. If the purification equipment is not washed, the specified purification equipment cannot be used in the subsequent processing. There is. [0005] In this way, even in the soil of the area where treatment is determined to be necessary, the state of contamination is uniform! Therefore, when all of the soil is purified in the same process, clean soil that does not require treatment or predetermined contamination is required. Soil that does not reach the concentration is also subject to treatment, resulting in poor treatment efficiency. In addition, if soil with a high contamination concentration that exceeds the treatment capacity of the purification plant is treated uniformly, it is necessary to reprocess the contaminated part with high concentration and to clean the purification facility. descend.

[0006] On the other hand, specific elements such as heavy metals should be properly managed originally, and are not a problem only in the field of soil contamination and its restoration. By promoting recycling of efficient use of raw materials, it is necessary to manage specific elements such as heavy metals in order to reduce resource consumption and reduce environmental impact. For this reason, in the general industry, raw materials

The content of specific elements in products, wastes, etc. becomes a problem.

For example, in the field of manufacturing cement, various waste forces such as coal ash, sludge, and contaminated soil are mixed with cement for recycling. These various materials are regulated with respect to harmful trace components, and coal ash, sludge, contaminated soil, etc. that meet these regulatory values are used, and appropriate treatment is performed to ensure sufficient quality. Shipped as a managed product. Thus, when managing the cement manufacturing process, it is necessary to measure the content of specific elements in the raw materials and to select the raw materials appropriately.

[0007] In addition, in the ironmaking field, ore with higher quality, which has resources such as ore, which was difficult to produce with conventional technology due to low grade, has been made commercially available by improving the ironmaking technology. It has become possible to use it. For this reason, it is considered that the ore is appropriately selected and effectively used.

[0008] However, as described above, in order to promote effective use of raw materials and recycling of waste, etc., if proper selection of raw materials and waste is not performed, harmful or interfering substances are introduced into the product as impurities. Or process management and quality control of the product becomes difficult. In addition, in steelmaking etc., there is a problem that proper and efficient steelmaking cannot be achieved due to the mixing of low-quality and high-quality raw materials.

[0009] From the above, it is required to enable selection of raw materials and the like containing a specific element with simple equipment according to the content of the specific element. Appropriate and efficient sorting This makes it possible to ensure the safety of the product by making the content of the specified element economically below the regulation value / standard value.

[0010] Under the circumstances described above, a device using fluorescent X-rays is known as a sorting device for soil and the like. For example, in Japanese Patent No. 3698255, fluorescent X-rays generated by irradiating X-rays on contaminated soil moving on a belt are detected, and based on the detection results, contamination conveyed on the belt is detected. A soil sorting device that switches the soil transport path is disclosed. This device estimates the concentration of heavy metals and the like contained in the soil based on the amount of detected fluorescent X-rays, and sorts soil contaminated with high concentration and soil with low concentration of contamination.

In addition, Japanese Patent No. 3696522 discloses that the waste loaded on the belt is irradiated with X-rays, and the generated fluorescent X-rays are detected to detect the presence or absence of a specific element. A waste sorting apparatus for sorting in accordance with this is disclosed.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3698255

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 3696522

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0011] The sorting apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is suitable for adding water to a contaminated soil when performing a sorting process, making it into a slurry, and sieving it into a coarse and fine grained portion by a wet process. . However, it may be desirable to screen contaminated soil without slurrying. In other words, if all the soil before selection is hydrated and slurried, soil that does not require purification treatment or soil that is not suitable for wet treatment will be slurried in the same way. After that, dehydration treatment is necessary, and purification of treated water is also necessary.

In addition, when the selection target is raw materials, depending on the purpose or method of use after sorting, it may not be used as it is due to its high moisture content. In such a case, a dehydration process or the like is required to reduce the water content, and depending on what the specific element is eluted to the treated water side, it is also necessary to newly purify the treated water. For this reason, the processing cost increases and the processing cost may become excessive. Furthermore, the slurry itself may become unusable by slurrying.

On the other hand, in the sorting device described in Patent Document 2, the waste to be sorted is fluorescent X Even during line analysis, it always moves at a constant speed.

The X-ray detector is not in contact. In this case, by providing the separation distance, the fluorescent X-ray intensity is attenuated, and even if the presence or absence of the specific element can be determined, it is difficult to accurately determine the concentration of the specific element.

[0013] In addition, the measurement window for taking fluorescent X-rays into the analyzer can be brought into contact with the object to be measured, or the conveyance of the object to be measured is temporarily stopped and brought into contact with the object to be measured. Although it is possible to control it so that it is separated after the measurement, there may be a problem that the measurement window is damaged due to contact with the measurement object. Furthermore, measurement objects that are in a water-containing condition such as contaminated soil and sludge are very likely to adhere, so it is inevitable that the measurement objects will adhere to the measurement window when they come into contact. If measurement is continued with the measurement object attached to the measurement window, accurate measurement values cannot be obtained, and efficient sorting cannot be performed.

[0014] The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its purpose is not to make soil containing a specific element, raw material or product in the form of powder, granules or gravel into a slurry. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sorting apparatus capable of efficiently sorting according to a predetermined control concentration.

Means for solving the problem

[0015] The sorting device according to the embodiment (1) of the present invention is a powdery or granular substance, gravel, earth and sand, or soil, on which a sorting object containing a specific element is placed, and the sorting object is moved. A conveying means; and at least a part of the sorting object being moved by the conveying means on the conveying means !, a separating screen !, a separating device, and an upper surface of the sorting object that has passed through the screening device, the separating apparatus. A layer adjusting means for flatly processing; a concentration detecting means for detecting the concentration of a specific element by irradiating X-rays on the layer of the object to be sorted whose upper surface is processed flat; and detecting the generated fluorescent X-ray; A transport path switching unit that is provided on the downstream side of the X-ray irradiation position in the moving direction of the selection target and switches the transport path of the selection target based on the detection result of the concentration detection unit.

Here, the specific element is an element that generates fluorescent X-rays by X-ray irradiation. Aluminum, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, Selenium, bromine, rubidium, strontium, molybdenum, It includes substances such as radium, silver, cadmium, tin, antimony, platinum, gold, mercury, lead and bismuth. In addition, it is thought that the content of elements with atomic numbers from 12 to 92 can be estimated by measuring fluorescent X-rays when irradiated with X-rays, and may be included in the specific elements. In addition, the range of atomic numbers may expand due to improvements in measurement technology.

[0016] In the above sorting apparatus, the detection of the concentration of the specific element by X-ray irradiation can be performed at a predetermined interval. That is, it is possible to employ a detection object that is detected each time a predetermined amount is conveyed, with respect to a selection object that is conveyed continuously or intermittently by the conveying means. The screening object can be screened for all parts of the screening object transported on the transporting means, but only for the part to be irradiated with X-rays. Also good. In addition, the range of processing the surface of the screened object to be screened can be limited to the range irradiated with X-rays. Even if X-ray irradiation is large, one side is in the range of about 10 to 20 mm, and it is sufficient that the selection target in this range is adjusted. On the other hand, the fluorescent X-ray measuring apparatus may be one that uses only one in the sorting apparatus of the present invention, but may be one in which a plurality of units are arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying means. A plurality of units may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction. By using a plurality of devices in this way, it is possible to measure the concentration of a specific element in a short time or over a wide range.

[0017] Further, in the above-described sorting apparatus, the concentration of the specific element is detected with respect to the selection target object that has been moved and sieved by the conveying means, and a sample or the like for detecting the concentration of the specific element is collected. There is no need. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently sort the object by associating the object to be sorted with the measurement result of the concentration of the specific element. In addition, since the sorting object moving on the moving means is screened and the upper surface is flattened, it is possible to measure the concentration with a small measurement error.

[0018] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (2) of the present invention is the sorting device according to the embodiment (1), wherein the sieving device has a particle size of a passing object within a range of 1 mm to 15 mm. Less than the set value.

[0019] As described above, the particle size of the selection object to be measured by the sieve sorting apparatus is set to be equal to or smaller than the set value. Therefore, the concentration measurement of a specific element can be made stable with small errors

. The above set value of particle size is preferably set within the range of 1 mm to 15 mm, more preferably within the range of 2 mm to 10 mm. For example, when soil is a measurement target, if the set value is set to 1 mm or less, the amount of the selection target passing through the sieving device is too small, and a predetermined layer thickness cannot be secured. In this way, if the concentration of the entire selection target is determined based on the value measured in a state where the layer thickness is not sufficient, there is a possibility that the measurement error becomes large. Furthermore, since the slits and mesh openings for sieving are reduced, the slits and meshes are likely to be clogged, the amount of passage per unit area of the sieve is reduced, and stable sieving operation becomes difficult. . Therefore, the above set value should be lmm or more, more preferably 2mm or more.

[0020] On the other hand, for example, when soil is a measurement target, if the set value exceeds 15 mm, voids are generated in the X-ray irradiation range of the concentration detection means, and the measurement error immediately increases. And by making it 10mm or less, it becomes possible to measure with higher accuracy. In addition, even if the X-ray irradiation range is large, one side is about 10 to 20 mm, so if the range occupied by one gravel or soil lump increases, the uniformity of the soil to be measured is impaired, and measurement errors are still caused. It becomes a factor to become large.

[0021] Preferably, the sorting apparatus according to the aspect (3) of the present invention is the sorting apparatus according to the aspect (1) or the aspect (2), in which the sieving device sieves the object to be sorted that is moved by the conveying means. It is possible to move between the dividing position and the raised position so as not to contact the moving sorting object.

[0022] The screening of the objects to be selected can be performed intermittently. When sieving is not performed, the screen having slits or meshes for sieving is not separated from the layer of the object to be sorted so that it is separated from the upper part of the conveying means so that the The screen of the separating device can be cleaned. The screen is easily clogged or deformed when the screened object is screened and the screened object adheres to the screen. In particular, moisture-containing and viscous sorting objects tend to adhere to the screen, but each time a certain amount of sieving is performed, the screen is cleaned or replaced, so that a stable and efficient sieve is obtained. Dividing is possible. [0023] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (4) of the present invention is the sorting device according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (3), wherein the sieving device moves on the transport means. A selection object having a particle size of a predetermined value or less is left in the central portion of the product layer in the width direction, and the selection object having a particle size exceeding the predetermined value is moved to both ends in the width direction.

[0024] In such a sorting apparatus, the measurement error can be reduced by measuring the concentration of the specific element with respect to the sorting object whose particle size is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value. In addition, when the sorting object is sorted by switching the transport route, the sorting object having a particle size exceeding a predetermined value and the sorting object having a predetermined value or less can be collectively transported to the same path. Therefore, efficient sieving and selection corresponding to the measured concentration of the specific element can be performed efficiently.

[0025] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (5) of the present invention is the sorting device according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (4), wherein the sieving device has a particle size of a predetermined value or less. It is assumed that the thickness of the layer to be selected is set to be 15 mm or more!

[0026] When the layer thickness is less than 15 mm, the X-rays are screened to a layer below the layer whose particle size is adjusted by sieving when the selection target is irradiated with X-rays to measure the concentration of a specific element. Measurement error increases. Therefore, measurement with a small measurement error is possible when the layer whose particle size is adjusted by sieving as described above has a sufficient thickness. In addition, more accurate measurement is possible by setting the layer thickness to 20 mm or more.

[0027] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (6) of the present invention is the sorting device according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (5), wherein the sieving device in the conveying direction of the sorting object is provided. A cross-sectional regulating means that is provided upstream of the position and adjusts the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction of the layer of the object to be sorted that moves on the transport means to a predetermined shape, and the sieving device is It is assumed that the selection object occupying a part of the cross-sectional shape is installed so as to be screened.

[0028] By adjusting the cross-sectional shape of the sorting object to be conveyed, it is possible to stably screen a part of the cross-section. In other words, a predetermined amount of the sorting object can be stably guided to the sieving device from the conveyed sorting object, and the sorting after the sieving is performed. It becomes easy to adjust the layer thickness of the object so as to be suitable for the measurement of the concentration of the specific element. In addition, it is possible to reduce errors in measurement of specific elements without screening all of the objects to be sorted, and the efficiency of sorting can be significantly improved.

[0029] In the sorting apparatus according to a preferred aspect (7) of the present invention, in the sorting apparatus according to the aspect (6), the cross-section restricting means is configured so that the cross-sectional shape of the layer of the sorting object conveyed by the conveying means The sieving device performs sieving on the raised part of the layer of the selection object.

[0030] If the portion of the sorting object deposited on the conveying means that is guided to the sieving device is set higher than the surroundings, a predetermined amount of the sorting object can be accurately guided to the sieving device. In addition, coarse particles and lumps that have a particle size larger than a predetermined value and do not pass through a sieve are easily removed to the side of the layer of the object to be sorted. In addition, when flattening the top surface of the layer of the selection object that has passed through the sieve for X-ray irradiation, and when the X-ray irradiation port approaches or presses the surface of the layer of the selection object, the concentration of the specific element It is possible to prevent the coarse portion excluded on the side from becoming a hindrance when measuring. As the cross-section restricting means for bringing the portion leading to the sieving device into a raised state on the carrying means, one having a gate having an opening corresponding to the cross-sectional shape to be adjusted can be adopted. In this cross-section regulating means, the cross-sectional shape of the selection object that is deposited on the conveying means and passes through the gate is adjusted to the shape of the opening. In addition, a plate that squeezes and raises the objects to be sorted on the conveying means may be provided.

[0031] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (8) of the present invention is a sorting device separated from the sorting device according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (7) by the sieve sorting device. A spray for spraying water on the surface of the target object and a position where the spray is provided in the conveying direction of the selection target are provided on one or both of the upstream side and the downstream side of the position where the target is selected. A moisture meter for measuring the moisture content is provided, and the moisture content of the object to be sorted after being sprayed with water is adjusted to 5 to 20%.

[0032] It is desirable to adjust the moisture content from 5% to 20% for the selection object having a particle size of not more than a predetermined value, which is screened and sorted by the screening device. As a result, the measurement error of the concentration of the specific element can be kept small. In addition, sorting pairs containing specific elements Handling of the figurine becomes easy. When the water content of the selection target is less than 5%, for example, separation of coarse and fine particles is likely to occur during the process of transporting and sieving the soil. In other words, coarse particles are likely to be unevenly distributed on the upper part of the layer of the deposited object to be sorted, and fine particles are likely to be unevenly distributed on the lower part, and the upper coarse particles can easily form voids in the X-ray irradiation range. This may cause errors. On the other hand, if the moisture content exceeds 20%, the object to be sorted becomes a paste, which makes it difficult to screen, or tends to adhere to members for transportation, making handling difficult. From the viewpoint of ease of handling, it is more desirable to keep the water content below 10%. Due to the presence of appropriate moisture, the roller is properly filled with pressure, and the surface of the layer to be sorted becomes more flat.

[0033] A sorting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment (9) of the present invention is the sorting apparatus according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (8), wherein the layer adjusting means leveles the surface of the layer to be sorted. It shall be equipped with a scraper.

[0034] The scraper is a plate-like member pressed against a portion of the selection target that is irradiated with X-rays, presses the layer of the selection target to be transported to level the surface, and has a predetermined level. It is intended to regulate the conveyance to the downstream side by scraping off the sorting object accumulated above the height. The force for pressing the scraper against the layer of the object to be sorted is adjusted by using a panel, a weight, a gear, or the like so that the layer of the object to be sorted becomes flat.

[0035] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (10) of the present invention is the sorting device according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (9), wherein the layer adjusting means is sieved by the sieving device. A roller for filling the upper surface of the layer of the selected object with a predetermined pressure, and the pressure with which the roller presses the upper surface of the layer of the object to be selected is set within a range from 20 kPa to lOOkPa. To do.

[0036] By filling and flattening the layer of the object after passing through the sieving device with a roller, it becomes possible to measure fluorescent X-rays with a small error. And, when the pressure of the roller when filling the layer of the deposited object is 20 kPa to lOOkPa, the measurement error of the concentration of a specific element due to X-ray irradiation and fluorescent X-ray detection may be minimized. As a result of the experiment, they were confirmed. If the pressure is less than 20 kPa, the measurement error will increase due to the large number of voids inside the object layer where the filling pressure is not sufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds lOOkPa Although the increase in the filling level of the layer of the selection object due to pressure is small, it is preferable because the layer of the selection object cracks due to the filling pressure and affects measurement errors!

[0037] A sorting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment (11) of the present invention is the sorting apparatus according to any one of the embodiments (1) to (10), wherein the concentration detection means is an upper surface of the layer of the sorting object. And a measurement window into which fluorescent X-rays are taken, a resin film is inserted, and as the concentration of a specific element is repeatedly detected, a new resin film is added to the upper surface of the layer to be selected. And a resin film supply device that supplies between the X-ray and the measurement window into which fluorescent X-rays are taken.

[0038] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (12) of the present invention is the sorting device according to the embodiment (11), wherein the concentration detecting means is supported to face the sorting object and can advance and retreat. In the state where the transport of the sorting object is stopped, the measurement window is brought into contact with the sorting object, and after the X-ray irradiation and the fluorescent X-ray measurement are performed, the sorting object is separated from the sorting object. In the state where the measurement window is separated from the object to be sorted, the resin film supply device moves the position of the resin film continuous in a belt shape, and the transport means is driven.

[0039] By inserting a resin film between the fluorescent X-ray measurement window and the selection object, it is possible to prevent the conveyed selection object from adhering directly to the measurement window. In addition, by protecting the measurement window with a grease film when a sharp object is transported, the concentration of a specific element in the object to be sorted can be accurately measured over a long period of time. Is possible. In addition, by moving the continuous grease film as necessary, the state where the measurement window is always protected by the clean grease film is maintained, and the sorting object that is moved by the conveying means is also maintained. Since the concentration of a specific element is measured while the object to be selected is stopped without bringing the measurement window into contact with it, highly accurate measurement is possible.

[0040] A sorting apparatus according to a preferred aspect (13) of the present invention is the sorting apparatus according to the aspect (12), wherein the resin film supply device is located downstream of the measurement window in the conveyance direction of the resin film. A scraper shall be provided on the upstream side of the position where the resin film is wound up in a roll shape to peel off the object to be sorted adhered to the resin film. [0041] By installing the scraper, the resin film is wound up in a state where most of the attached object to be sorted is removed, and the resin film can be smoothly moved over a long period of time. The scraper can be made of rubber, resin, metal, or the like.

[0042] A sorting device according to a preferred embodiment (14) of the present invention is the sorting device according to any one of the embodiment (11) and the force up to the embodiment (13), wherein the resin film is made of polyvinyl chloride vinyl, polyethylene, It shall consist of either polyester or polyimide.

[0043] The resin used herein includes natural resin, thermosetting resin, general-purpose plastic such as thermoplastic resin, engineering plastic, super engineering plastic, and the like. Depending on the element to be measured, it is possible to accurately measure X-ray fluorescence.

[0044] Examples of the selection object include raw materials, intermediate products, products, by-products, waste, soil, and the like. Specifically, cement, ore, glass, incineration ash, coal ash, heavy metal, etc. Examples include contaminated soil, slag, sludge, inorganic or organic compound granules or granules. The invention's effect

[0045] According to the sorting apparatus of the present invention, while the entire sorting object is transported in the original state without being slurried, the concentration of the specific element in the sorting object is determined using a part of the sorting object. Can be measured. And it becomes possible to make a measurement error small. Therefore, the necessary treatment before selection becomes simple, no water for slurrying is required, and no waste water is generated. In addition, since the configuration of the sorting equipment is simple, the area required for installation is also reduced. Furthermore, the resin film supply device can prevent the object to be sorted from adhering to the measurement window and can protect the measurement device, thereby enabling accurate measurement over a long period of time. With this simple facility, the concentration of a specific element in a selection target can be measured quickly and with a small measurement error, and selection can be made according to this measurement value. Can be promoted.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the sorting apparatus shown in FIG. [Fig. 3] A view of the gate with a damper used in the sorting apparatus shown in Fig. 1 as viewed from the downstream side of the conveyance path.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a vibrating sieve used in the sorting apparatus shown in FIG.

5 is a schematic front view of the vibrating screen shown in FIG.

6 is a schematic plan view of the vibrating screen shown in FIG.

7 is a schematic plan view showing the function of the vibrating screen shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing another example of a transport path switching device that can be used in place of the transport path switching device shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view showing a specific example of the fluorescent X-ray measuring apparatus used in the sorting apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and a resin film supply apparatus provided in the fluorescent X-ray measuring apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the resin film supplied to the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus and the measured lead concentration.

Explanation of symbols

[0047] 1: Grizzly, 2: Hopper, 3: Belt conveyor, 4: Gate, 5: Vibrating sieve,

6: Spray, 7: Scraper, 8a, 8b: Moisture meter, 9: Roller,

10: X-ray fluorescence measurement device, 10a: measurement window, 11, transfer path switching device,

12: Belt conveyor for carrying out high concentration sorting objects,

13: Belt conveyor for unloading low-concentration objects, 14: Control device, 15: Belt conveyor for transfer route switching, 16: Grease film, 17: Feeding roll, 18: Drive roller, 19: Guide , 20: scraper,

41: 1st guide, 42: 1st damper,

43: Second guide, 44: Second damper, 51: Bipromoter

Sa, Sb, Sc, Sd, Se, Sf: Selection target

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a configuration of a sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the same sorting device. This sorting device selects ores and soils for metal making that contain small or large particle sizes.

This sorting device temporarily stores grizzly 1 that separates and removes coarse particles with a particle size exceeding 50 mm, and the sorting object Sa from which coarse particles have been removed by grizzly 1. The hopper 2 to be transported, the belt conveyor 3 for transporting the sorting object Sa stored in the hopper 2, and a predetermined amount of the sorting object from the hopper 2 to the belt conveyor 3, and to the belt conveyor 3. A part of the sorting object S to be transported on the belt conveyor 3 and the gate 4 with a damper that makes the cross-sectional shape of the sorting objects to be deposited into a predetermined shape are screened and coarse particles are separated on the belt conveyor 3. Vibrating sieve 5 separated into fine particles, Moisture meter 8a for measuring the moisture content of the fine particles of the screened material sorted by vibrating sieve 5, and based on the moisture content measured by moisture meter 8a The water content of fine particles of the object to be sorted is sprayed with water. The moisture content of the sorting object sprayed with water by the spray 6, the scraper 7 that regulates the height of the fine particles that have passed through the vibrating screen 5 to flatten the surface, and the spray 6. X-rays are applied to the moisture meter 8b to be measured, the roller 9 for further flattening and filling the surface at the part for measuring the concentration of the specific element contained in the sorting object, and the flattened and filled sorting object X-ray fluorescence measuring device 10 that detects the fluorescent X-rays that are generated, and a transport path switching device that switches the transport direction of the sorting object emitted from the belt conveyor 3 in response to the detection result of the fluorescent light measurement device 10 11 and the main part is composed.

[0049] The grizzly 1 has a plurality of bars la supported on the hopper 2, and the particle size in the selection object containing the specific element is 50 by adjusting the interval between the bars la. Coarse particles exceeding mm are kept on the bar so that they do not fall into the hopper 2, and only sorting objects with a particle size of 50 mm or less are fed into the hopper 2. The bar la is supported by being inclined, so that the coarse particles retained on the bar are discharged to a process for performing the treatment corresponding to the coarse particles. The grizzly 1 is also equipped with a bi-bromo counter (not shown), which can vibrate the grizzly 1 as necessary to make it easier for the selection object to pass through the grizzly! /, The

[0050] The hopper 2 accommodates the sorting object Sa that has passed through the grizzly 1, and supplies a predetermined amount to the belt conveyor 3 stably. This hopper 2 beltcon A gate 4 is fixedly supported at the supply portion of the sorting object with respect to the bear 3, and a trapezoidal cutout 4a is provided below the gate 4 as shown in FIG. This notched portion becomes an opening for discharging the sorting object from the hopper 2, and this opening force also supplies the sorting object Sa onto the belt conveyor 3.

[0051] The gate 4 is provided with a first guide 41 on both sides of the notch 4a, and the first damper 42 is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the first guide 41. It is supported. The first damper 42 is provided with a trapezoidal cutout 42a having a width smaller than the cutout 4a provided in the gate 4 along the lower side. Further, the first damper 42 is provided with second guides 43 on both sides of the notch 42a, and the first dampers 42 can move vertically with respect to the first dampers along the second guides 43. A second damper 44, which has become possible, is provided.

[0052] The gate 4 and the dampers 42 and 44 are an example of one that functions as a cross-section restricting unit that makes a cross-section of the objects to be sorted deposited on the belt conveyor 3 into a predetermined shape. That is, by adjusting the positions of the first damper 42 and the second damper 44 supported by the gate 4, the amount of the sorting object supplied from the hopper 2 to the belt conveyor 3 is adjusted. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3, the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction of movement of the belt conveyor 3 of the object to be selected supplied on the belt conveyor 3 is a shape in which a narrow trapezoid is mounted on a wide trapezoid. Can be adjusted. Then, the height of the upper surface of the lower trapezoidal portion Sc can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the first damper 42, and the height of the upper trapezoidal portion Sb can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the second damper 44. The position of the upper surface can be adjusted to a predetermined height, that is, a height suitable for fluorescent X-ray measurement.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing the vibrating sieve 5, FIG. 5 is a front view of the same vibrating sieve 5, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the same vibrating sieve 5. The vibrating sieve 5 functions as a sieving device in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of bars supported in the vertical direction are arranged at predetermined intervals. Each of the bars is arranged so that the upper end thereof is retracted downstream in the moving direction of the belt conveyor 3. As shown in FIG. 6, the screen composed of a plurality of bars is arranged such that the center in the width direction of the belt conveyor 3 protrudes toward the upstream side and recedes toward the downstream side as it approaches the side edge. And above Bipromoter 51 is installed so that vibration is transmitted to each bar of the screen. By vibrating the screen, the X-ray irradiation range can be screened and separated in a short time, and at the same time the objects to be screened can be mixed and stirred, so that the concentration of specific elements can be detected and the objects to be sorted can be selected. Efficiency can be improved. In particular, if the screen opening is as small as 2 mm, clogging is likely to occur when sieving objects to be screened with water, so the use of a vibrating sieve is effective.

[0054] As described above, the vibrating screen 5 having a plurality of bars is supported by the gate 4 at a position to screen the trapezoidal portion Sb of the upper layer of the selection target deposited in a trapezoidal shape having a two-layer cross section. . As a result, the trapezoidal portion Sb in the upper layer of the sorting object conveyed on the belt conveyor 3 hits the vibrating sieve 5, and the fine particles in the sorting object are placed between the screen bars arranged at predetermined intervals. Pass through. As shown in FIG. 7, coarse particles Sd that cannot pass between the bars are pushed out sideways along the bars that are positioned so as to recede as they approach the side edges, and the side portions on the belt conveyor 3 It is deposited on. As described above, the maximum diameter of the selection object passing between the plurality of bars is adjusted by the interval between the bars, and the plurality of bars are preferably supported so as to have a value set in a range of 2 mm to 10 mm. ing. In addition, the layer Se on which fine particles that have passed through the vibrating sieve 5 are deposited is a target for measuring the concentration of the specific element by X-ray irradiation. Therefore, the height of the trapezoidal portion Sb of the upper layer and the position of the vibrating sieve 5 in the selection object on the belt conveyor 3 are set so that the thickness of the layer Se is 15 mm or more.

[0055] Further, the vibration sieve 5 can be adjusted in the vertical direction with respect to the belt conveyor, and has a structure that can be moved upward and fixed so as not to contact the moving selection object. In other words, the measurement of the concentration of a specific element by the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus 10 is not necessarily performed continuously, and when the measurement is performed intermittently, only the portion where the vibrating screen 5 emits X-rays is screened. You may go. It is desirable to clean the screen regularly and replace the screen when necessary so that the screen is not clogged when the vibrating screen moves away from the top. In addition, when the vibrating screen 5 is separated, the moving speed of the belt conveyor 3 can be increased to improve the processing efficiency.

[0056] The vibrating sieve 5 is a screen in which a plurality of bars are arranged at predetermined intervals. However, a net-like member may be used. However, it is preferable to use a screen because the screen is less likely to break and clogging is less likely to occur.

[0057] The spray 6 is adjusted so that water is sprayed on the surface of the measurement layer Se that has passed through the vibrating sieve 5 so as to have a predetermined moisture content. The spray 6 is adjusted in the amount of water spray based on the moisture content measured by the moisture meter 8a provided on the upstream side of the position where the spray is provided in the conveying direction of the sorting object. As the moisture meter 8a, for example, a type in which the moisture content is measured by the amount of infrared absorption can be used. The object to be sorted whose water content is adjusted by spraying from the above spray 6 is loosely accumulated and bulky, and the flatness of the surface is lost, so the upper surface is flattened by the scraper 7. To do. At this time, the moisture content of the screened object to be screened is measured by a moisture meter 8b provided downstream of the position where the spray is provided in the transport direction of the screened object and upstream of the roller 9. Then, by adjusting the numerical value within a predetermined value range, handling when the upper surface is adjusted to be flat becomes easy, and the upper surface of the layer to be selected is appropriately flattened. As a result, the measurement by the fluorescent X-ray measuring device is appropriately performed, and the measurement with a small error becomes possible. The water content is preferably 5 to 20%, more preferably 5 to 10%.

[0058] The roller 9 further pressurizes and flattens the upper surface of the flattened target object, and allows the layer of the target object to obtain an appropriate filling degree. In order to obtain an appropriate degree of filling, the pressure applied to the top surface of the layer to be selected can be adjusted with a pan so that the pressure is 20 kPa to lOOkPa. Note that both the roller 9 and the scraper 7 may be used together, or one of them may be used.

[0059] The X-ray fluorescence measurement apparatus 10 detects X-ray fluorescence generated by a specific element force contained in the selection target when the surface of the layer of the selection target is irradiated with X-rays. The fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus 10 includes an X-ray irradiation unit and a fluorescent X-ray detection unit inside a box-shaped case. The resin film is supported so as to cover the measurement window for taking in the fluorescent X-rays, and as the concentration of the specific element is repeatedly detected, the resin film that has become band-shaped is moved to a new one. A resin film supply device is provided for supplying the resin film to a position facing the measurement window. To prevent X-ray leakage, this fluorescent X-ray measurement device It is desirable to provide a cover (not shown!) Using a material that can block X-rays so as to cover the vicinity of the X-ray irradiation position.

[0060] As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the resin film supply device moves the belt-shaped resin film 16 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the conveying direction of the object to be sorted. The resin film 16 is pulled out and moved by the driving roller 18. A guide 19 for supporting the resin film 16 is preferably provided between the brewing roll 17 and the fluorescent X-ray measurement window 10a. The guide 19 has a structure in which the resin film 16 is sandwiched. By providing the resin film 16 close to the measurement window 10a, the resin film 16 can be stably supplied and the object to be screened can be dispersed. Can be protected.

[0061] When the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus 10 measures fluorescent X-rays, the belt conveyor 3 that conveys the selection object stops, and the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus 10 descends to a predetermined position. At this time, the driving roller 18 for moving the resin film 16 is stopped. Then, the measurement window 10a of the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus is brought into contact with the layer Se of the selection target object with the resin film 16 interposed, and the concentration of the specific element is measured in this state.

[0062] If the layer Se of the selection object is separated from the measurement window 10a of the fluorescent X-ray measuring apparatus 10 and the distance is large, the fluorescent X-ray intensity is attenuated and accurate measurement cannot be performed. Therefore, the thickness of the layer Se of the selection object and the descending distance of the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus 10 are adjusted in advance, and the measurement window 10a and the selection object are brought into contact with the resin film 16 therebetween. Further, by supporting the resin film 16 in contact with the measurement window 10a, it is possible to prevent the sorting object Se from entering between the resin film 16 and the measurement window 10a.

[0063] After the measurement of the fluorescent X-rays, the fluorescent X-ray measuring apparatus 10 is raised, and at the same time, the driving roller 18 rotates to move the resin film 16 by a predetermined length and cover the measurement window 10a. A new part of the strip-shaped resin film is fed to the position. In addition, the portion that has been in contact with the object to be sorted is removed by the scraper 20 from the object to be sorted adhering to the resin film 16 and conveyed to a scooping roll (not shown). On the other hand, the belt conveyor 3 is driven to move a predetermined distance, and conveys the object to be sorted. In this way, each time a measurement is performed, a new portion of the resin film 16 is supplied between the selection object Se and the measurement window 10a of the fluorescent X-ray measurement apparatus 10, and the specific element contained in the selection object Repeated measurement of the concentration of Can be done continuously.

[0064] The resin film used in the present invention is not limited as long as it has sufficient strength, has little attenuation of fluorescent X-ray intensity, and contains an element to be measured. . For example, any of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyester and polyimide is preferred, and polyester is particularly preferred because of its excellent mechanical strength. In addition, the thickness of the resin film to be used must be selected in consideration of the relationship with the film material and attenuation of fluorescent X-ray intensity.

[0065] Regarding the influence of the thickness of the resin film on the fluorescent X-ray measurement, the following measurement results have been obtained.

This measurement was conducted in a state where the soil with a lead concentration of 150 mgZkg was not inserted with a resin film and with a condition where the thickness of the four types of resin films was changed. Shown in 11. As shown in the measurement results, as the thickness of the resin film increases, the lead concentration is measured to be lower, and correction is necessary according to the thickness and type of the resin film. And the X-ray fluorescence measurement device has a lower detection limit, and if the measured value becomes small, accurate measurement cannot be performed even if correction is performed. For this reason, when a measurement object with a lead concentration of 150mgZkg is measured with a resin film, the measured value should not be less than about lOOmgZkg. Therefore, it can be seen from the results of FIG. 11 that in order to obtain an accurate measurement value, the thickness of the resin film needs to be 0.3 mm or less, and more preferably 0.2 mm or less. However, considering the mechanical strength of the resin film, the thickness should be at least 0.1 mm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the carry-out path switching device 11 has a plate-like member with a variable inclination angle that comes into contact with the sorting object Sf discharged from the belt conveyor 3. By changing the angle, the falling direction of the sorting object Sf discharged from the belt conveyor 3 is changed. Then, the inclination angle is set so that it falls on one of the two conveyor belt conveyors 12 and 13 for transporting the sorting object in different directions. The operation of the carry-out path switching device 11 is controlled by the control device 14 based on the measurement result by the fluorescent X-ray measurement device 10. In other words, the measured value force of the fluorescent X-ray measurement device 10 is also measured by the data processing unit of the control device 14 in the concentration of the specific element Is detected. When it is determined that the concentration of the specific element is larger than a predetermined value, the sorting object Sf before and after the position where the data is measured is discharged from the end of the belt conveyor 3. The inclination angle is set so that it falls onto the belt conveyor 12 for carrying out the high concentration sorting object. In addition, when it is determined that the concentration of the specific element is lower than the predetermined value, the inclination angle is set so that the selection object near the measurement position falls on the belt conveyor 13 for carrying out the low concentration selection object. Is set.

The carry-out path switching device 11 may be selected for each portion of the soil corresponding to the position where this measurement was performed, such as the measurement value for each time measured by the fluorescent X-ray measurement device 10, but may be a plurality of times. It is also possible to sort by the area where the measurement is performed. In other words, at a predetermined interval on the belt conveyor, the X-ray fluorescence measurement device performs a plurality of measurements, and based on the average value of these, the soil containing these measurement points is collectively transported. Sort by selecting to select.

In addition to the plate-like member that regulates the falling direction of the sorting object as described above, various types of configurations can be adopted as the carry-out path switching device 11 as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the object to be sorted is placed on a short belt conveyor 15 that can be switched in the circumferential movement direction, and the delivery path of the sorting object placed in the circumferential movement direction of the belt conveyor is switched. Can do. That is, when the concentration of the specific element contained in the placed sorting object is high, the conveyor belt switching belt conveyor 15 is set so that the sorting object is placed on the belt conveyor 12 for carrying out the high-concentration raw material. To drive. Further, when the concentration of the specific element contained in the sorting object placed on the transport path switching belt conveyor 15 is low, the moving direction of the belt conveyor 15 is reversed so that the sorting object is a low-concentration raw material. It can be driven to be placed on the belt conveyor 13 for carrying out.

[0068] In the sorting apparatus as described above, a sorting object including a specific element can be deposited in a predetermined cross-sectional shape from the hopper 2 onto the belt conveyor 3, and can be deposited and sent out almost uniformly in the transport direction. Then, when the accumulation shape is set appropriately, a part of the object can be guided to the vibrating screen 5 while conveying the object to be sorted. The vibrating sieve 5 screens the sorting object having a predetermined particle size or less from the sorting object to be conveyed and leaves it in the center of the belt conveyor 3 and also moves the sorting object having a particle size exceeding the predetermined value to the belt. Extrude to side on conveyor 3. Thus, while driving the belt conveyer 3, sorted objects can the sieving, base belt conveyor ₃ measuring on small concentration of a specific element for each predetermined amount of sorting objects conveyed by Teigosa (e.g. 20% Within). Based on the concentration of the specific element measured in this way, the selection objects to be discharged from the belt conveyor 3 are continuously selected, and the selection object having a high concentration of the specific element and the selection object having a low concentration of the specific element are selected. It can be carried out in different directions. Therefore, efficient sorting is possible, and management according to the concentration of each specific element can be used for the selected sorting target.

Example 1

[0069] (Heavy metal contaminated soil-lead)

Table 1 shows an example of the results of sorting tests using lead-contaminated soil. These measurements were made to sort out lead-contaminated soil in units of about 200 kg, and five fluorescent X-ray measurements were taken at predetermined intervals on the belt conveyor for each 200 kg of lead-contaminated soil. . That is, every time approximately 200 kg is transported on the belt conveyor, X-ray fluorescence measurement is performed five times in sequence, and based on this average value, the transport destination of this approximately 200 kg of lead-contaminated soil is determined, and the transport path is switched. Sorting was performed with the equipment. About 200 kg of lead-contaminated soil was prepared, and the result of performing the above test for each was equivalent to Test Nos. 1 to 5 in Table 1. In the case of lead-contaminated soil, the standard value for determining whether or not to take measures against soil contamination is, for example, 150 mgZkg. With this equipment, the measurement error can be about 20%, that is, 150 ± 30 mgZkg. Therefore, when sorting, it is possible to set a sorting standard that indicates that purification is not necessary if the lead concentration is 120 mgZkg or less, and that purification is necessary if the lead concentration is exceeded.

[0070] [Table 1]

Note) ○ indicates that no purification is required, and X indicates that purification is required. [0071] From Table 1, it can be seen that heavy metal contaminated soil can be sorted using the sorting apparatus of the present invention. Conventionally the force present invention achieved a representative value based on the I匕学analysis defined from samples taken mixed with 5 points by national or public organizations against contaminated soil per 100 m ³ In this sorter, the representative value is obtained by measuring X-ray fluorescence five times in units of 200 kg, so the probability of finding heavy metals is several hundred times higher than the conventional method. However, the amount of the target object as a selection unit and the number of X-ray fluorescence measurements are not limited to the above. Example 2

[0072] (nickel ore-nickel)

A sorting test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 above using nickel ore. An example of the results is shown in Table 2. In the case of nickel ore, the nickel content is about 1.5% at low grades, and it was impossible to make iron with the conventional technology. It is necessary to select high-quality nickel ore efficiently. For example, when sorting with a content of 1.5%, this device can reduce the measurement error to about 1.5 ± 0.3%. When sorting, the nickel concentration should be 1.2% or less. Selection criteria such as low grade if there is high quality and high grade if it is higher can be set.

[0073] [Table 2]

Table 2 shows that nickel ore can be sorted using the sorting apparatus of the present invention. In the case of nickel ore, at present, sampling is carried out from tens of thousands tons of tens of tons to hundreds of t, pulverized and evenly mixed, and a predetermined amount is divided and taken out. And by analyzing this according to the JIS standard, the representative value is obtained. However, as described above, in the sorting apparatus of the present invention, since the fluorescent X-ray measurement is performed five times in units of 200 kg to obtain the representative value, more efficient sorting is possible.

Example 3

[0075] (Fly ash-heavy metals)

A sorting test was conducted in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 using fly ash. An example of the results is shown in Table 3. Table 3 also shows an example of standard values for heavy metals when fly ash is used as an alternative raw material for cement production.

[0076] [Table 3]

Note 1) There are no reference values and selection criteria.

Note 2) 〇 indicates acceptable, X indicates unacceptable _c

[0077] In the sorting apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of elemental analyzes can be performed at the same time, and fly ash can be sorted as shown in Table 3. In the case of fly ash, there are criteria for multiple elements, so if any one of them does not meet the criteria, the judgment was rejected.

Example 4

[0078] (molten slag-heavy metals)

A screening test was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 above using molten slag. An example of the results is shown in Table 4. When recycling molten slag as resources such as fine aggregates for asphalt mixes and fine aggregates for concrete, the content of heavy metals is one of the selection criteria.

[0079] [Table 4] Pb reference value

Exam Pb

No. Selection criteria Pb measured value

Judgment

"Mg / ksl" mg / kgl "mg / kgl

1 1 10 ○

2 150 X

3 150 120 160 X

4 190 X

5 1 10 ○

Note) ○ indicates that it can be used, and X indicates that it cannot be used.

From Table 4 above, it can be seen that it is possible to sort molten slag using the sorting apparatus of the present invention.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A conveying means for moving a sorting object on which powdery or granular substances, gravel, earth and sand or soil containing a specific element are placed;

A sieving device for sieving at least a part of the selection object being moved by the conveying means on the conveying means;

A layer adjusting means for flatly processing the upper surface of the selection object that has passed through the sieving device and a layer of the selection object whose upper surface is processed to be flat are irradiated with X-rays to detect the generated fluorescent X-rays. Concentration detecting means for detecting the concentration of the specific element by:

A transport path switching unit that is provided downstream of the X-ray irradiation position in the moving direction of the selection target, and switches the transport path of the selection target based on the detection result of the concentration detection unit. Characteristic sorting device.

[2] The sorting device according to [1], wherein the sieving device has a particle size of the passing sorting object equal to or less than a value set within a range of 1 mm to 15 mm.

[3] The sieving device is movable between a position for sieving the sorting object moved by the conveying means and a position raised so as not to contact the moving sorting object. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above.

[4] The sieving device leaves a selection object having a particle size equal to or less than a predetermined value in a central portion in the width direction of the layer of the selection object moving on the conveying means, and the particle size has a predetermined value. The sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sorting object is moved to both ends in the width direction.

[5] The sieving device is set such that the thickness of the layer of the object to be sorted whose particle size is equal to or less than a predetermined value is 15 mm or more! Item 5. The sorting device according to any one of Items 4 to 4.

[6] A cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the layer of the sorting object provided on the upstream side of the position where the sieve and the separating device are provided in the conveying direction of the sorting object and moving on the conveying means Having a cross-section regulating means for adjusting the shape to a predetermined shape,

The sieving and separating device is used for sorting objects that occupy a part of the cross-sectional shape. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sorting apparatus is installed so as to perform the inspection.

[7] The cross-section restricting means adjusts the cross-sectional shape of the layer of the selection target object conveyed by the conveying means so that a part of the upper surface is raised.

7. The sorting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the sieving apparatus performs sieving on a raised portion of the layer of the sorting object.

[8] A spray that sprays water on the surface of the sorted object to be sorted and separated by the sieve and the sorting device, and upstream and downstream of the position where the spray is provided in the conveying direction of the sorted object A moisture meter that is provided in either one or both and measures the moisture content of the sorting object, and adjusts the moisture content of the sorting object after spraying water by the spray to 5 to 20%. 8. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sorting apparatus is characterized in that

[9] The raw material sorting apparatus according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the layer adjusting means includes a scraper for leveling the surface of the layer of the sorting object.

[10] The layer adjusting means includes a roller for filling the upper surface of the layer of the object to be screened by the screening device with a predetermined pressure,

10. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure with which the roller presses the upper surface of the layer of the sorting object is set within a range from 20 kPa to lOOkPa.

[11] The concentration detection means includes a resin film interposed between the upper surface of the layer to be sorted and a measurement window for taking in fluorescent X-rays, so that the concentration of a specific element is repeatedly detected. A resin film supply device for supplying a new resin film between the upper surface of the layer to be sorted and the measurement window for taking in fluorescent X-rays is provided. Sorting device according to any of the above.

[12] The concentration detecting means is supported opposite to the sorting object and is capable of moving forward and backward, and brings the measurement window into contact with the sorting object in a state where the transportation of the sorting object is stopped, After X-ray irradiation and fluorescent X-ray measurement, the object to be sorted is separated. The said resin film supply apparatus moves the position of the said resin film continuous in the shape of a strip | belt in the state from which the said measurement window was separated from the selection target object, The said conveyance means is driven, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Item 12. The sorting apparatus according to item 11.

[13] The resin film supply device adheres to the resin film on the upstream side of the position where the resin film is wound in a roll shape on the downstream side of the measurement window in the conveyance direction of the resin film. 13. The sorting apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a scraper that peels off the sorting object.

[14] The sorting device according to any one of [11] to [13], wherein the resin film is any one of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyester, and polyimide.