WO2008048170A1 - Diagnosis of caries - Google Patents
Diagnosis of caries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008048170A1 WO2008048170A1 PCT/SE2007/000923 SE2007000923W WO2008048170A1 WO 2008048170 A1 WO2008048170 A1 WO 2008048170A1 SE 2007000923 W SE2007000923 W SE 2007000923W WO 2008048170 A1 WO2008048170 A1 WO 2008048170A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dentine
- carious
- caries
- tooth
- tissue
- Prior art date
Links
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 title description 49
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 210000004268 dentin Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 hexose ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 16
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 108010005094 Advanced Glycation End Products Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012014 optical coherence tomography Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000029816 Collagenase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108060005980 Collagenase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004971 IR microspectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001013 cariogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002424 collagenase Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003239 periodontal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LCTORNIWLGOBPB-GASJEMHNSA-N (3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol Chemical compound NC1(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LCTORNIWLGOBPB-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZDLKNOGBSMKRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-5-[[5-oxo-4-(2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl)-1,4-dihydroimidazol-2-yl]amino]pentanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC1=NC(CC(O)C(O)CO)C(=O)N1 HZDLKNOGBSMKRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNQZXJOMYWMBOU-VKHMYHEASA-N D-glyceraldehyde Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)C=O MNQZXJOMYWMBOU-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000016943 Muramidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014251 Muramidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001530 Raman microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002053 acidogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940009098 aspartate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004763 bicuspid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001840 cholesterol esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-L glutamate group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-] WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004325 lysozyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000274 lysozyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010335 lysozyme Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001840 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- AYEKKSTZQYEZPU-RYUDHWBXSA-N pentosidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN1C=CC=C2N=C(NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)N=C12 AYEKKSTZQYEZPU-RYUDHWBXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
- A61B6/51—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0088—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for oral or dental tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C3/00—Dental tools or instruments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the diagnosis of caries in particular for the treatment of caries in dentine tissue
- a chemical marker or method to identify carious dentine tissue may facilitate caries treatment and reduce the amount of healthy tooth tissue removed during treatment.
- Dental caries is an endogenous infection of the calcified tissues of the teeth and is historical the consequence of the interaction between the oral microflora, the diet, the dentition and the oral environment [1].
- the pathogenesis of dental caries is dependent upon the presence of fermentable sugars in the diet and the presence of cariogenic bacterial species [2-5].
- the cariogenic micro organisms constitute a complex oral microflora with both acidogenic and aciduric properties [5].
- the underlying tooth surface may gradually become chemically modified which over time may result in a net loss of mineral. From a clinical point of view, dental caries has been described as a soft, yellow-brownish discoloration of the dentine [6].
- Carious dentine contains significant amounts of sugars [8] and can therefore form advanced glycation end products (AGEs), e.g. Maillard products, between sugars and the side chains of basic amino acids such as lysine and arginin [10]. These Maillard reactions are non-enzymatic crosslink reactions. The two most well-known Maillard reaction products found in carious dentine, pentosidine and carboxylmethyllysine [10, 11], have not been found in sound dentine [11].
- AGEs advanced glycation end products
- Maillard reactions are non-enzymatic crosslink reactions.
- the two most well-known Maillard reaction products found in carious dentine, pentosidine and carboxylmethyllysine [10, 11] have not been found in sound dentine [11].
- US-A1 -2005/0283058 thus discloses that early dental caries detection is carried out by a method that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Raman spectroscopy to provide morphological information and biochemical specificity for detecting and characterizing incipient carious lesions found in extracted human teeth.
- OCT imaging of tooth samples demonstrated increased light back-scattering intensity at sites of carious lesions as compared to the sound enamel.
- Raman microspectroscopy and fibre-optic based Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the caries further by detecting demineralization-induced alterations of enamel crystallite morphology and/or orientation.
- the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing the optional presence of carious dentine tissue in a simple but reliable way. For that reason attempts of finding a specific group were performed.
- the present invention relates in particular to a specific chemical compound, an ester, which has been found present in carious dentine tissue.
- the chemical compound can be easily detected by infrared spectroscopy, or by fluorescent light, when a fluorescent moiety has been coupled to the chemical compound, in particular at the ester group.
- esters In carious tissues, there might also be organic molecular alterations other than the Maillard reactions described above.
- the presence of esters in dental caries has been investigated and it has been found that esterases are more common in carious tissue than in intact tissue [12].
- esters in dental caries are still lacking and possible differences in the esters for the outer and inner layers of dental caries have not been investigated. It can be hypothesised that the esterification of the hydroxyl groups of the acidic side chains of aspartate and glutamate residues facing an acidic environment (lactic acid) is unique to carious lesions. The aim of the present paper was therefore to evaluate the presence of the presumptive ester groups in the outer and inner layers of carious lesions.
- the outermost part of the dental carious lesions was removed with a sterilised excavator and thrown away.
- the remaining dental caries was divided into two layers; one outer layer with discoloured, soft and infected dental caries and one inner layer with harder, less discoloured dental caries.
- the layers of outer and inner dental caries were removed with an excavator and put into test tubes.
- a clean excavator was used for the different respective samples, i.e., a clean excavator was used for each layer of the tooth. Sound dentine was excavated from an uninfected part of the tooth, as a reference for unaltered peptides.
- FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
- esters when produced in vitro in transesterification reactions, they are stable at pH 4-8. Furthermore, they are not degraded, since the degrading enzyme lipase does not exist in the oral cavity [27]. In a carious lesion, the outer part is older and has a higher pH [6], since it is more exposed to the neutral pH of saliva, compared with the inner layer of dental caries. A higher pH in the outer layer of dental caries could therefore possibly cause a decrease in the stability of esters, as indicated by the results in the present study ( Figure 2).
- Figure 1 FTIR spectra of A) healthy dentine of tooth 1 , B) healthy dentine of tooth 2, C) outer layer caries of tooth 1 , D) outer layer caries of tooth 2, E) inner layer caries of tooth 1 and F) inner layer caries of tooth 2.
- FIG. 1 The amide I band of carious tissue from outer (graphs C and D) and inner (graphs E and F) layers of the lesions.
- the knees at 1740 cm '1 are marked with arrows.
- Figure 4 A zoom of the region between 1400 and 1000 cm “1 , demonstrating a slight shift at 1040 cm-1 for carious samples.
- Figure 5 A deconvoluted spectra of dentine without normal dentine bacteria in lactic acid and also with added glucose. (1725 cm "1 ).
- Figure 8 The sample in Fig. 6 (A deconvoluted spectra of dentine which includes the normal dentine bacteria in lactic acid in lactic acid + glucose) minus a deconvoluted spectra of dentine including normal dentine bacteria in lactic acid (set as the reference).
- Geddes DA Acids produced by human dental plaque metabolism in situ. Caries Res 1975; 9: 98-109.
- Beighton D The complex oral microflora of high-risk individuals and groups and its role in the caries process. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2005; 33: 248-255.
- Thylstrup and Fejerskov Clinical and pathological features of dental caries; in: Textbook of clinical cariology. Second edition. Copenhagen, Munksgaard, 1994, pp 136-154.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07835124A EP2079357A4 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2007-10-18 | DIAGNOSIS OF CARIES |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE0602214A SE530442C2 (sv) | 2006-10-18 | 2006-10-18 | Diagnos av karies |
| SE0602214-9 | 2006-10-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008048170A1 true WO2008048170A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
Family
ID=39314284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SE2007/000923 WO2008048170A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2007-10-18 | Diagnosis of caries |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2079357A4 (sv) |
| SE (1) | SE530442C2 (sv) |
| WO (1) | WO2008048170A1 (sv) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9642780B2 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2017-05-09 | Rls Global Ab | Detection and removal of carious dentin tissue |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050238058A1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-10-27 | Peirce Kenneth L Jr | Synchronization of upstream and downstream data transfer in wireless mesh topologies |
-
2006
- 2006-10-18 SE SE0602214A patent/SE530442C2/sv unknown
-
2007
- 2007-10-18 WO PCT/SE2007/000923 patent/WO2008048170A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-10-18 EP EP07835124A patent/EP2079357A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050238058A1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-10-27 | Peirce Kenneth L Jr | Synchronization of upstream and downstream data transfer in wireless mesh topologies |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| ANTUNES A. ET AL.: "Spectroscopic alterations on enamel and dentin after nanosecond Nd:YAG laser irradiation", SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A: MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY, vol. 64, August 2006 (2006-08-01), pages 1142 - 1146, XP005588933 * |
| DI RENZO M. ET AL.: "A photoacoustic FTIRS study of the chemical modifications of human dentin surfaces: I Demineralization", BIOMATERIALS, vol. 22, 2001, pages 787 - 792, XP003020359 * |
| HYNES A. ET AL.: "Molecular mapping pf periodontal tissues using infrared microspectroscopy", BMC MEDICAL IMAGING, May 2005 (2005-05-01), XP021004183 * |
| See also references of EP2079357A4 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9642780B2 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2017-05-09 | Rls Global Ab | Detection and removal of carious dentin tissue |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE0602214L (sv) | 2008-04-19 |
| EP2079357A4 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| EP2079357A1 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| SE530442C2 (sv) | 2008-06-10 |
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