WO2008031189B1 - Failure resistant capacitor structure - Google Patents

Failure resistant capacitor structure

Info

Publication number
WO2008031189B1
WO2008031189B1 PCT/CA2007/001460 CA2007001460W WO2008031189B1 WO 2008031189 B1 WO2008031189 B1 WO 2008031189B1 CA 2007001460 W CA2007001460 W CA 2007001460W WO 2008031189 B1 WO2008031189 B1 WO 2008031189B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
dielectric
electrically conductive
resistance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2007/001460
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008031189A1 (en
Inventor
David A Kelly
Original Assignee
David A Kelly
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by David A Kelly filed Critical David A Kelly
Publication of WO2008031189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008031189A1/en
Publication of WO2008031189B1 publication Critical patent/WO2008031189B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/018—Dielectrics
    • H01G4/20—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/14—Protection against electric or thermal overload
    • H01G2/16—Protection against electric or thermal overload with fusing elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/005—Electrodes
    • H01G4/008—Selection of materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/018—Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/08—Inorganic dielectrics
    • H01G4/12—Ceramic dielectrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/018—Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/14—Organic dielectrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A failure resistant capacitor, using ceramic as a part of the dielectric structure. The capacitor is made using at least one failure resistant electrode forming one polarity of electrode in capacitor. The dielectric layers separating the electrodes are composed at least partly of a high K ceramic material. Each layer of the capacitor has an electrode on one side of a dielectric layer, which is then assembled such that there is at least one alternating failure resistant electrode with at least one dielectric layer separating an adjacent opposite polarity electrode. The failure resistant electrode is designed to be capable of disconnecting a defect in the dielectric layer from the rest of the capacitor structure. Alternately, the capacitor may be constructed with an electrode structure that limits the energy discharged through a defect in the dielectric layer to an amount predefined by the electrode construction. The dielectric layer may be composed of fused ceramic dielectric layers or from a ceramic polymer dielectric.

Claims

20AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 7 March 2008 (07.03.2008)WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor comprising; a) ceramic deposited in layers to form dielectric volumes and dielectric surfaces; and b) a first set of high resistance electrically conductive electrodes, each with equivalent series resistance greater than 100 ohms, deposited on every second dielectric layer; and c) a second set of electrically conductive electrodes offset from the first, deposited on the dielectric layers that are without the first electrodes; and d) forming an alternating structure of first dielectric layer followed by a first electrode, then another dielectric layer followed by a second electrode; and e) the structure is repeated in said sequence until the desired number of layers have been formed; and f) where the first electrodes are electrically connected together to form one polarity of a capacitor; and g) the second electrodes are electrically connected together to form a second polarity of a capacitor and are electrically isolated from the first electrodes.
.
2. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the second electrodes are made ' from a high resistance electrically conductive material, each with equivalent series resistance greater than 100 ohms, same as the first electrodes.
3. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the first set of electrodes are made using a PTC electrically conductive material that changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to the formulation of 1he PTC electrode material, for the purpose of limiting Hie power dissipated in the capacitor if it is being heated through the energy dissipated by a short circuit in one or more of its dielectric layers.
4. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein all electrodes are made using a PTC electrically conductive material that changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to the formulation of the PTC electrode material, for the purpose of
, limiting the power dissipated in Ihe capacitor if it is being heated through the energy dissipated by a short circuit in one or more of its dielectric layers.
5. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein tiie first electrode is made from a fusible resistive material with equivalent series resistance greater than 100 ohms, that when subjected to the high temperatures of a short circuit in an adjacent dielectric layer, converts in the area of the fault to a much higher resistance permanently reducing the electrical energy conducted into the area of the short circuit.
6. A multi- layer ceramic capacitor according to claim I3 but the first electrode is made from a fusible high resistance material greater than 100 ohms, that converts into an electrical insulating material, in the area associated vvilh a dielectric short circuit and no longer conducts electrical energy from the capacitor into the shorted dielectric layer.
7. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim I3 but Hie first high resistance electrode is split into an outer electrode providing an external electrical connection separated by a thin convoluted section to an inner electrode, where the purpose of fliin convoluted section is to
^ increase further the resistance of 1he inner electrode portion from the external electrical connection.
8. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim I3 but 1he first electrode is made from a high resistance fusible electrically conductive material and is split into an outer electrode providing an external electrical connection separated by a thin convoluted section to an inner electrode, where the purpose of thin convoluted section is to increase further the resistance of the inner electrode portion from the external electrical connection and to convert permanently to a much higher resistive material when conducting tiie energy of a short circuit to the inner portion of Hie electrode through it from outer portion of the electrode.
9. A multi- layer ceramic capacitor according to claim I3 but the first electrodes are made using a PTC electrically conductive material that changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at
, a temperature specific to Hie formulation of tiie PTC electrode material, and is split into an outer , electrode providing an external electrical connection separated by a thin conductive convoluted section to an inner electrode, where the purpose of thin convoluted section is to increase further the resistance of the inner electrode portion from the external electrical connection and to convert to even a higher resistance material when conducting 1he energy of a short circuit to the inner portion of the electrode through it from outer portion of the electrode, for the purpose of limiting the power dissipated in the capacitor if it is being heated through the energy dissipated by a short circuit in one or more of its dielectric layers.
10. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor comprising; a) ceramic deposited in layers to form dielectric volumes and dielectric surfaces; and b) a first set of high resistance electrically conductive electrodes, each with equivalent series resistance greater than 100 ohms, deposited on every third dielectric layer; and c) a second set of electrically conductive floating electrodes, that have no electrical connection outside Hie capacitor structure and have no electrical connection to any other electrically conductive layer, deposited on every third dielectric layer following the first electrodes; and 22
d) a third set of electrically conductive electrodes offset from the first, deposited on tfie remaining dielectric layers tiiat are without the first or second electrodes; and e) forming an alternating structure of first dielectric layer followed by a first electrode, then another dielectric layer followed by a second floating electrode, another dielectric layer followed by a third electrode offset from the first electrode; and f) the structure is repeated in said sequence until the desired number of layers have been formed; and g) where the first electrodes are electrically connected together to form one polarity of a capacitor; and h) the third electrodes are electrically connected together to form a second polarity of a capacitor and are electrically isolated from the first and second electrodes.
11. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but only 1he electrically isolated floating second electrodes are made from a high resistance electrically conductive material, with equivalent series resistance greater than 100 ohms.
12. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but all electrodes are made from the same material as the first electrode.
13. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but at least one set of electrodes are made using a PTC electrically conductive material tiiat changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to 1he formulation of the PTC electrode material, for the purpose of limiting Hie power dissipated in the capacitor if it is being heated through the energy dissipated by a short circuit in one or more of its dielectric layers.
14. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but all electrodes are made using a PTC electrically conductive material, that changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to the formulation of the PTC electrode material, for the purpose of limiting the power dissipated in the capacitor if it is being heated Ihrough the energy dissipated by a short circuit in one or more of its dielectric layers.
15. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, wherein at least one set of electrodes are made from a fusible resistive material with equivalent series resistance greater than 100 ohms, that when subjected to Hie high temperatures of a short circuit in an adjacent dielectric layer, converts in the area of the fault to a much higher resistance material permanently reducing 1he electrical energy conducted into tie area of the short circuit.
16. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but at least one set of electrodes is made from a high resistance conductive material greater than 100 ohms, that converts into an 23
electrical insulating material, in Hie area associated with a dielectric short circuit and no longer conducts electrical energy from the capacitor into Hie shorted dielectric layer.
17. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but the first electrode is made from electrically conductive high resistance material and is split into an outer electrode providing an external electrical connection separated by a thin convoluted section to an inner electrode, where the purpose of thin convoluted section is increase further the resistance of the inner electrode portion from the external electrical connection.
18. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but the first electrode is made from a high resistance fusible electrically conductive material and is split into an outer electrode providing an external electrical connection separated by a thin convoluted section to an inner electrode, where the purpose of thin convoluted section is to increase further the resistance of the inner electrode portion from the external electrical connection and to convert permanently to a much higher resistive material, greater than 1000 ohms, when conducting the energy of a short circuit to Hie inner portion of the electrode through it from outer portion of 1he electrode.
19. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but the first set of electrodes are made using a PTC electrically conductive material that changes to a resistance value greater Hian 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to the formulation of the PTC electrode material, and is split into an outer electrode providing an external electrical connection separated by a thin convoluted section to an inner electrode, where the purpose of the thin convoluted section is to increase further the resistance of the inner electrode portion from the external electrical connection and converts to a higher resistance material when conducting the energy of a short circuit to the inner portion of the electrode through it from outer portion of Hie electrode, for the purpose of limiting Hie power dissipated in the capacitor if it is being heated through the energy dissipated by a short circuit in one or more of its dielectric layers.
20. A multi- layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 10, but the first electrode is a low resistance conductive material, less than 100 ohms with the inner floating electrode made from a high resistance electrically conductive material, greater than 100 ohms and it is split into two equal areas separated by a thin convoluted section, where the purpose of the thin convoluted section is to increase further the resistance between the two half floating electrode and converts to a higher resistance material, greater than 1000 ohms when conducting the energy of a short circuit between one half of Hie floating electrode tiirough it to Hie other half of the floating electrode. 24
21. A multi-layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 20, but more than one electrically isolated floating electrode is placed between the first and second electrodes with external electrical connections.
22. A multi-layer ceramic polymer capacitor comprising; a) ceramic polymer deposited in layers to form dielectric volumes and dielectric surfaces; and b) a first set of PTC polymer based electrically conductive electrodes, that changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to the formulation of the PTC polymer, deposited on every second dielectric layer; and c) a second set of electrically conductive electrodes offset from the first, deposited on the dielectric layers that are without the first electrodes; and d) forming an alternating structure of first dielectric layer followed by a first electrode, then another dielectric layer followed by a second electrode; and e) the structure is repeated in said sequence until the desired number of layers have been formed; and f) where the first electrodes are electrically connected together to form one polarity of a capacitor; and g) the second electrodes are electrically connected together to form a second polarity of a capacitor and are electrically isolated from the first electrodes.
23. A multi-layer ceramic polymer capacitor comprising; a) ceramic polymer deposited in layers to form dielectric volumes and dielectric surfaces; and b) a first set of PTC polymer based electrically conductive electrodes, that changes to a resistance value greater than 1,000 ohm at a temperature specific to the formulation of the PTC polymer, deposited on every second dielectric layer; and c) a second set of electrically conductive floating electrodes, that have no electrical connection outside the capacitor structure and have no electrical connection to any other electrically conductive layer, deposited on every third dielectric layer following the first electrodes; and d) a third set of electrically conductive electrodes offset from the first, deposited on the remaining dielectric layers that are without the first or second electrodes; and e) forming an alternating structure of first dielectric layer followed by a first electrode, then another dielectric layer followed by a second floating electrode, another dielectric layer followed by a third electrode offset from 1he first electrode; and f) the structure is repeated in said sequence until the desired number of layers have been formed; and 25
g) where Hie first electrodes are electrically connected together to form one polarity of a capacitor; and h) the third electrodes are electrically connected together to form a second polarity of a capacitor and are electrically isolated from the first and second electrodes.
24. A multi- layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 23, but the first and third sets of electrodes are not made from a polymer based PTC conductive material instead the second isolated floating electrodes are made from the conductive PTC polymer material.
25. A multi- layer ceramic capacitor according to claim 23, but the entire first, second and third electrodes are made from the polymer based PTC conductive.
PCT/CA2007/001460 2006-09-13 2007-08-21 Failure resistant capacitor structure WO2008031189A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2,560,027 2006-09-13
CA002560027A CA2560027A1 (en) 2006-09-13 2006-09-13 Ceramic polymer capacitor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008031189A1 WO2008031189A1 (en) 2008-03-20
WO2008031189B1 true WO2008031189B1 (en) 2008-05-08

Family

ID=39181996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2007/001460 WO2008031189A1 (en) 2006-09-13 2007-08-21 Failure resistant capacitor structure

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CA (1) CA2560027A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008031189A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8287826B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2012-10-16 Eestor, Inc. Selective-cation-removal purification of aluminum source
US8698352B2 (en) 2009-08-20 2014-04-15 Eestor, Inc. Rapid activation fusible link
US8788109B2 (en) 2006-08-04 2014-07-22 Eestor, Inc. Utility grid power averaging and conditioning
US8853116B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2014-10-07 Eestor, Inc. Method of preparing ceramic powders

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010151786A2 (en) 2009-06-25 2010-12-29 Eestor, Inc. Fused quartz horizontal furnace and assembly
WO2012134424A2 (en) 2010-01-20 2012-10-04 Eestor, Inc. Purification of barium ion source
CN103460315B (en) * 2011-03-28 2016-12-14 株式会社村田制作所 Electronic unit
CN106654336A (en) * 2012-10-13 2017-05-10 征茂德 New energy power battery structure

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4894746A (en) * 1987-06-06 1990-01-16 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Laminated capacitor with fuse function
US7054136B2 (en) * 2002-06-06 2006-05-30 Avx Corporation Controlled ESR low inductance multilayer ceramic capacitor
US7049558B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2006-05-23 Arcturas Bioscience, Inc. Apparatus and method for heating microfluidic volumes and moving fluids
KR100631894B1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2006-10-09 삼성전기주식회사 Sol composition for dielectric ceramic, dielectric ceramic and multilayer ceramic capacitor using same
US7133274B2 (en) * 2005-01-20 2006-11-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Multilayer capacitor and mold capacitor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8853116B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2014-10-07 Eestor, Inc. Method of preparing ceramic powders
US8788109B2 (en) 2006-08-04 2014-07-22 Eestor, Inc. Utility grid power averaging and conditioning
US8698352B2 (en) 2009-08-20 2014-04-15 Eestor, Inc. Rapid activation fusible link
US8287826B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2012-10-16 Eestor, Inc. Selective-cation-removal purification of aluminum source

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2560027A1 (en) 2008-03-13
WO2008031189A1 (en) 2008-03-20

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