WO2008026021A1

WO2008026021A1 - Heating system

Info

Publication number: WO2008026021A1
Application number: PCT/IB2006/052991
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hüseyin ERDEM
Original assignee: Erdem Hueseyin
Priority date: 2006-08-29
Filing date: 2006-08-29
Publication date: 2008-03-06

Abstract

The inventive heating system (A) comprises a burner (1), a boiler unit (B) to which the heat energy obtained from the fuel that burns in the burner (1) is transferred, a performance enhancer (4) which is contained in the boiler unit (B) and used for heating the installation water quickly, a stack serpentine (7) in which the installation return water is heated somewhat more with the heat of the waste gas. The flame obtained from the fuel that burns in the burner (1) is transferred directly into the burning chamber (2) in the boiler unit (B). In the burning chamber (2), there are pre-heating pipes (3) with which the flame has direct contact. The temperature of the water in the pre-heating pipes (3) is brought to the desired range and transferred to the performance enhancer (4). The performance enhancer (4) is heated by the flame that comes from the burner (1) and besides, the electric is applied thereon and the water that passes therefrom is heated very quickly.

Description

DESCRIPTION

HEATING SYSTEM

Technical Field

This invention is related to a boiler unit comprising additional units that serve for obtaining a high energy saving and the improvements herein in the boiler-burner systems used for heating purposes.

Prior Art

In the state of the art, it is known that boiler-burner systems used for heating purposes have an extensive field of use. To this effect, in these systems, the heat energy obtained from the fuel that is burned in the burner is used for heating the water pipes or reservoirs which are located inside the boiler and this heated water is delivered to users also via piping for heating or hot water provision purposes. In these systems, various studies have been performed about delivering the energy obtained from the burner fuel to the user in a fastest and most efficient manner. For example, in the published patent application WO02061347, it is described that fuel saving is achieved by transforming the burning chamber in the boiler into multiple small-scaled burning chambers. In another study, the published patent application WO9948713, the value of the heat energy circulating in the boiler-burner and heating system is continuously monitored through the sensors and the operation of the burner is provided only when needed. In this way, it is claimed that the burner operates less and the energy saving is obtained.

In the present heat boilers, attempts are performed to transfer the heat, which is obtained in the burning chamber, through direct contact with the water inside the water pipes surrounding this burning chamber. In the technique of the invention, the heat is transferred to the water through pre-heating pipes which are placed inside the burning chamber in a more and faster manner. Here, the water that is subjected to the pre-heating is transferred to the pipes inside the performance enhancer which is located just behind it. The heat which eventuates as a result of the reaction occurred in the performance enhancer quickly increases the temperature of the water which is subjected to the pre-heating even more and thus the desired heat level is achieved in a short time. Thanks to its structure, the performance enhancer maintains the heat achieved for a long time. Achieving the desired heat level in a short time and maintaining the achieved level for a long time result in a half or even more decrease in the burner capacity used and the fuel usage time of the burner into the system and a substantial fuel saving. Due to a less fuel consumption, the system pollutes the environment less. In addition, the utilization of the stack waste heat for heating the return water is also used in the inventive system.

This invention decreases the amount of fuel to be used through changing the known structure of the heat boilers and installing additional units to the inner section. Thanks to the pre-heating pipes placed inside the burning chamber of the heat boiler and the performance enhancer, the amount of calories which are obtained with the classic boiler systems currently used can be obtained with the use of a burner with 50% lower capacity. Since due to the structural changes, the target heat (90-100⁰C) inside the boiler is achieved in a shorter time and the desired heat level is maintained for a longer time, the operation time of the burner is reduced by half in terms of time. Thus, a minimum 50% saving is achieved regarding the fuel use by both using a half capacity burner and reducing the usage time of the burner by half. On the other hand, an additional fuel saving is obtained by passing the cooled water returning from the system trough the stack serpentine and increasing the heat thereof before it enters the boiler (by exploiting the heat of the waste gas at a temperature of 250-300⁰C that leaks out from the stack).

Aim of the invention

An aim of this invention is to ensure that the heat energy obtained in the burner-boiler systems reaches the desired calorie value for the boiler by spending less burner fuel.

Another aim of the invention is to ensure that some of the lost stack heat denoted as the waste heat in the present heat boilers is recovered into the system.

Yet another aim of the invention is to create a heat boiler with heat loss minimized and multiple safety systems protected, which can safely operate even under high pressure.

Yet other aim of the invention is to reduce the expansion of the waste gas which comes out from the burner fuel since the desired heat energy value is achieved with the use of less burner fuel. Description of the Drawings

The heating system which is the subject matter of invention is shown in the attached drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the heating system.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the performance enhancer unit which is used in the heating system.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the piping in the performance enhancer.

The parts in the figures are numbered one by one and the corresponding terms of these numbers are given below.

Heating system (A)

Boiler Unit (B)

Filtering unit (C)

Burner (1)

Burning chamber (2)

Pre-heating pipes (3)

Performance enhancer (4)

Lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5)

Upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6)

Stack serpentine (7)

Serpentine water inlet (8)

Serpentine water outlet (9)

Upper boiler water inlet (10)

Return pipe (11)

Fan (12)

Filter inlet (13)

Filter tank (14)

Filters (15)

Boiler water outlet (16)

Electrodes (17)

Boiler front door (18)

Boiler cleaning door (19)

Boiler rear door (20) Circulation pump (21)

Enhancer outlet pipe (41)

Enhancer inlet pipe (42)

Electrode transition space (43)

Enhancer piping (44)

Electrode contact points (45a, 45b, 45c, 45d)

Enhancer body (46)

Flame transition spaces (47)

Electrode connection points (48)

Disclosure of Invention

The heating system (A) of which side schematic view is provided in fig. 1 comprises a burner (1), a boiler unit (B) to which the heat energy obtained from the fuel that burns in the burner (1) is transferred, a performance enhancer (4) which is contained in the boiler system (B) and used for heating the installation water quickly, a stack serpentine (7) in which the installation return water is heated somewhat more with the heat of the waste gas and a filtering unit (C) in which the waste gas is treated.

The flame obtained from the fuel that burns in the burner (1) is transferred directly into the burning chamber (2) inside the boiler unit (B). In the burning chamber (2), there is at least one pre-heating pipe (3) which is in direct contact with the flame transferred from the burner (1). On the inlet of the pre-heating pipes (3), the temperature of the water is approximately about 55-60⁰C. In order to achieve the highest efficiency as required by the operation method of the system (A), the temperature of the water which is passed through the pre-heating unit pipes (3) has to be kept approximately between 80-85⁰C on the outlet of these pipes (3). Due to the high heat that comes from the burner (1), in the burning chamber (2), the water in the pre-heating pipes (3) reaches a temperature at a value above this range (80-85°C). Therefore, in order to keep the temperature of the water in the pre-heating pipes (3) at said values, these pipes (3) are installed such that they go outside the burning chamber (2) and re-enter the chamber (2). Due to the said pipes (3) going outside the burning chamber (2), overheating of the water that passes therethrough is prevented and the temperatures are ensured to remain within the desired value range. The water in the pre-heating pipes (3) comes from the lower boiler water reservoir (5) on the burning chamber (2) and is transferred to the performance enhancer (4) after the temperature thereof is brought to the desired range (80-85°C). The performance enhancer (4) is a unit which is located inside the burning chamber (2) and just behind the pre-heating pipes (3). In the performance enhancer (4) burning chamber (2) of which details are provided below, it is heated by the flame that comes from the burner (1) and besides, the electric is applied sequentially and at certain time intervals on the water pipes therein. In this way, the water that passes through the pipes inside the performance enhancer (4) is increased to a temperature of 90-100⁰C very quickly. The water achieved to the desired temperature level in the performance enhancer (4) is delivered, to the user from the boiler water outlet (16) via installation pipes.

The waste gas which comes out following the use of the burner (1) flame in the burning chamber (2) is delivered to the stack serpentine (7) by passing it first between the lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5) on the burning chamber (2) and then between the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (5) which are located on the upper side of these pipes. Also in order to exploit the heat of the waste gas, the boiler water reservoir pipes (5, 6) are circulated throughout the boiler unit (B) from beginning to end. On the outside of said pipes (5, 6), the heat transfer fins are installed in order to increase the heat transfer. The temperature of the waste gas which reaches to the stack serpentine (7) is approximately between 250-300⁰C. The temperature of the water in the return pipe (11) is approximately between 50-55⁰C. Since the temperature of the waste gas which reaches to the stack serpentine (7) is higher than the temperature of the water in the return pipe (11), this water is re-heated inside the stack serpentine (7). The water in the return pipe (11) is sent to the inside of the stack serpentine (7) from the serpentine water inlet (8) pipe through circulation pump (21). On the outside of the water pipes circulated within the stack serpentine (7), the heat transfer fins are installed in order to transfer the heat of the waste gas to the water at the highest level. The water pipes circulated at the highest length possible within the stack serpentine (7) are connected to the upper boiler water inlet (10) from the serpentine outlet (9).

In the heating system (A), the pre-heating pipes inlet (3) is connected to the lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5) on the burning chamber (2); the upper boiler water inlet (10) to the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6) and the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6) to the lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5).

In the heating system (A), the waste gas which comes out from the stack serpentine (7) in the boiler unit (B) is directed to the filtering unit (C). The fan (12) which is before the filter inlet (13) in the unit (C) sends the waste gas forcefully to said inlet (13) and thereafter the filter tank (14) on the lower side of the unit (C). Another duty of this fan (12) which runs simultaneously with the burner (1) is to regulate the waste gas flow and the flame pressure by providing a proper suction from the inside of the boiler and to ensure the balanced spread of the flame created in the burning chamber (2) by the burner (1) to this chamber (2). The waste gas which reaches the filter tank (14) contacts with a constituted chemical mixture here and transfers the highly detrimental gases therein to this liquid mixture. The waste gas which is passed through the filter tank (14) is re-cleaned with the help of the filters (15) on the outlet of this tank (14) which is opened to the atmosphere and exhaled.

Briefly, the performance enhancer (4) of which detailed views are provided in fig. 2 is a closed steel box containing melted lead therein, which is used to heat the water more which is brought to the desired temperature level in the pre-heating pipes (3) and there are longitudinal holes between the surface thereof which is subjected to the burner flame and the surface opposite to this surface. The cable connections of the electrodes which are used to provide an electric resistance inside the box are outside the steel box and the burning chamber.

The performance enhancer (4) which is shown in fig. 2 comprises an enhancer body (46) having a structure preferably in the form of a rectangular prism, of which the outside is coated with steel; the outlet and inlet pipes (41, 42) installed to this body; the piping (44) (fig. 3) which is circulated by twisting within the enhancer from beginning to the end in order to get the most heat to be taken from the enhancer between these pipes (41 , 42); four electrodes (17) (shown in fig. 1) which enter from the electrode connection points (48) located on the narrow surface on the enhancer water inlet (42) side and advance up to the enhancer water outlet (41); the flame transition spaces (47), around which are coated with the body (46) steel, which begin from the surface of the enhancer (4) contacting with the flame and extend longitudinally up to the opposite surface thereof; and lead media which are cast to all the spaces which remain inside the body (46). The flame transition spaces (47) allow the flame or the waste gas in the burning chamber (2) to pass therethrough and continue its movement in the boiler system (B). The reason why cast lead is used inside the enhancer body (46) is that it is a metal having an ability to cool very late although this metal melts faster than steel. The required heat for the performance enhancer (4) is maintained for a long time by exploiting this feature of lead. The enhancer piping (44) which is shown in fig. 3 separates into two different pipe lines, each preferably having a diameter half of the inlet pipe diameter, which are parallel to each other after the water inlet (42) and are thinner than the water inlet pipe (42) and these lines are connected to the water outlet (41) by twisting such that they travel the longest distance within the performance enhancer (4). The heat-insulated electrodes (17) pass through the space between these said pipe lines such that they are not damaged by lead of which outer side is melted or the burner flame. With the insulation herein, electrical insulation is also ensured. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, ceramic is used as an insulation material. These electrodes (17) being four in number are connected to said two pipe lines from the parts thereof which are close to the water outlet (41) via the electrode contact points (45a, 45b, 45c, 45d). On the closest part of the first line to the water outlet there is the first electrode contact point (45a) and on the same line but more behind that, there is the second electrode contact point (45b). On the close part of the second line to the water outlet there is the third electrode contact point (45c) and on the same line but more behind that, there is the fourth electrode contact point (45d). The distance between the first and the second electrode contact points (45a, 45b) equals to the distance between the third and the fourth electrode contact points (45c, 45d). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to generate a high electric resistance and thus provide a more rapid heating, there is provided the third electrode contact point (45c) on the part of the second line which is close to the water outlet such that it stands slightly more behind the first electrode contact point (45a). An electric resistance is formed between these said contact points when voltage is applied to the electrodes in groups of two. These electrodes (17) allow water to heat quickly through the resistance generated in the pipes in which water is circulated. In order to provide the desired electric resistance, on the points (45a, 45b, 45c, 45d) where the electrodes (17) contact with the pipes, the contact of the electrode with lead is prevented by the insulation material of the electrodes. In other words, the ends of the electrodes only contact with the pipe. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a voltage is simultaneously applied to two electrodes (17) each time alternatively such that a resistance occurs between the first electrode contact point (45a) and the third electrode contact point (45c), and then the second electrode contact point (45b) and the fourth electrode contact point (45d). In the heating system (A), time and period of applying voltage to the electrodes are provided by a temperature measurement unit which is adapted to the system. When the temperature value at the outlet of the performance enhancer (4) decreases below the desired value, a control unit of the system (A) allows the voltage to be applied to the electrodes. Details of the operation method of the heating system (A) are provided below. Accordingly;

i. The flame which is obtained by burning the fuel in the burner (1) is supplied to the burning chamber (2) and herein, a medium at a fluent temperature of 800-900 degrees is formed.

ii. The flame which impinges the pre-heating pipes (3) located in the burning chamber (2) heats the water inside these pipes. Herein, the temperature of the water is prevented to increase too much since, as mentioned above, some of the pipes go outside of the boiler and then enter again. The temperature of the water which comes out from the pre-heating pipes is between 80-85⁰C.

Hi. The heated water reaches the piping inside the performance enhancer (4) behind the pre-heating pipes (3). Lead which is located inside the performance enhancer (4) is in a completely melted and liquid state inside the steel body (46) because of the temperature of the burning chamber (2). The flame of the burner (1) passes behind the performance enhancer (4) by means of the flame transition spaces (47) and continues its movement inside the boiler unit (B).

iv. While passing through these pipes, the heated water which comes to the piping (44) inside the performance enhancer (4) from the pre-heating pipes (3) is heated by applying electric by means of the electrodes and this process allows water to reach the desired temperature degree for the user installation quickly.

v. The obtained heat level can be protected for a long time since lead has an ability to cool very late. This increases the time which will pass for the re-operation of the burner (1) and decreases the total use time of the burner (1) substantially compared to the use time in the known technology, even reducing it to a level which is less than half. Whereas beginning with the operation of the burner (1), in order to allow the system water to reach 90 degrees in the boilers which are produced with the known technology, 30-45 minutes are needed; it was observed with this invention that according to the measurement results, the time can be reduced down to 15 minutes. vi. The water which returns from the user installation as cold is passed through the stack serpentine (7) and before returning to the boiler unit (B); the stack temperature of approximately 250-300 degrees herein is exploited.

Particularly, in the boiler systems known with the pre-heating pipes (3) and the performance enhancer (4) stack serpentine (7), it is possible to obtain the same calorie output with 50% lower capacity type of the burner which is required in order to obtain a certain calorie output; the operation time of the burner reduces by half since the heat is maintained for a longer time in the enhancer (4) and the heat which leaks from the stack is used for heating the return water. Thus, the fuel saving is provided both by using a lower capacity burner (1) and operating the burner less. An additional fuel saving becomes possible with the use of the heat in the stack serpentine (7).

In the boiler unit (B) used in the heating system (A), there are also a fully heat-insulated boiler front door (18), a boiler cleaning door (19) and a boiler rear door (20). The boiler front door (18) is used for the connection of the burner (1) with the boiler unit (B). The boiler rear door (20) is installed for access to the performance enhancer (4) for maintenance purposes. In order to allow the access to the lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5) and the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6) and allow the necessary cleaning operations to be performed, the boiler cleaning door (19) is installed close to these pipes (5, 6).

Claims

1. A heating system (A) comprising a burner (1), a boiler unit (B) where the flame obtained from the fuel that is burned in the burner (1) is transferred into a burning chamber (2) therein, a performance enhancer (4) which is contained in the boiler unit (B) and used for heating the installation water quickly, a stack serpentine (7) in which the installation return water is heated somewhat more with the heat of the waste gas and a filter unit (C) where the waste gas which comes out from the stack serpentine (7) is directed to and is treated in, characterized in that in the burning chamber (2), there is at least one pre-heating pipe (3) which is in direct contact with the flame transferred from the burner (1); due to high temperature that comes from the burner (1), in order to prevent the overheating of the water inside the pre-heating pipes (3) and allow it to remain at a value between 80-85⁰C especially on the outlet of the pipes (3); said pipes (3) are installed such that they go outside the burning chamber (2) and re-enter the chamber (2); there is a performance enhancer (4), located inside the burning chamber (2) and just behind the pre-heating pipes (3), to which water that comes out from the pre-heating pipes (3) is transferred and where the flame of the burner (1) is exploited and also the electric is applied to said pipes in order to increase the temperature of the water which is located inside pipes therein to the level of 90-100⁰C quickly.

2. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein the boiler unit (B) herein is provided with lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5) which are located on the burning chamber (2) and upper boiler water reservoir pipes (5) which are located above these pipes between which the waste gas is passed before reaching the stack serpentine (7) in order to exploit the heat of the waste gas which comes out from the flame of the burner (1).

3. A heating system (A) according to the claim 2, wherein on the outside of the boiler water reservoir pipes (5, 6) which are circulated throughout the boiler unit (B) from beginning to end, the heat transfer fins are installed in order to increase the heat transfer.

4. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein a circulation pump (21) is used in order to send the water in the return pipe (11) into the stack serpentine (7) from the serpentine water inlet (8) pipe.

5. A heating system (A) according to the claim 4, wherein on the outside of the water pipes circulated within the stack serpentine (7) at the highest length possible, the heat transfer fins are installed in order to transfer the heat of the waste gas to the water at the highest level.

6. A heating system (A) according to the claim 4, wherein the water pipes inside the stack serpentine (7) are connected to the upper boiler water inlet (10) from the serpentine outlet (9).

7. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein the filtering unit (C) is provided with a fan (12) before the filter inlet (13), in order to send the waste gas forcefully to the filter tank (14) on the lower side of the unit (C), and by being simultaneously activated with the burner (1) in order to provide a proper suction from the inside of the boiler, regulate the waste gas flow and the flame pressure, and ensure the balanced spread of the flame created in the burning chamber (2) by the burner (1) to this chamber (2).

8. A heating system (A) according to the claim 7, wherein in the filtering unit (C), the waste gas which reaches the filter tank (14) contacts with a constituted chemical mixture here and transfers the highly detrimental gases therein to this liquid mixture; the waste gas which is passed through the filter tank (14) is re-cleaned with the help of the filters (15) on the outlet of this tank (14) which is opened to the atmosphere and exhaled.

9. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein the cable connections of the electrodes (17) which are used to provide an electric resistance inside the performance enhancer (4) are outside the burning chamber.

10. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein i. there are outlet and inlet pipes (41 , 42) which are installed to the body (46) of the performance enhancer (4) of which the outside is coated with steel; ii. there is the piping (44) which is circulated by twisting within the enhancer from beginning to the end in order to get the most heat to be taken from the enhancer (4) between these pipes (41 , 42); iii. there are electrode connection points (48) on the enhancer water inlet side (42) and four electrodes (17) which enter from these points and advance up to the enhancer water outlet (41) are installed; iv. it comprises the flame transition spaces (47), around which are coated with the body (46) steel, which begin from the surface of the enhancer (4) contacting with the flame and extend longitudinally up to the opposite surface thereof in order to allow the flame or the waste gas in the burning chamber (2) to continue its movement in the boiler system (B), v. and lead media which are cast to all the spaces which remain inside the body (46) in order to maintain the heat thereon for a long time.

11. A heating system (A) according to the claim 10, wherein in the enhancer (44), the piping (44) separates into two different pipe lines which are parallel to each other after the water inlet (42) and are thinner than the water inlet pipe (42); these lines are connected to the water outlet (41) by twisting such that they travel the longest distance within the performance enhancer (4); there are heat and also electrically insulated four electrodes (17) in the space between these said pipe lines such that they are not damaged by lead of which outer side is melted or the burner flame; these electrodes are connected to two pipe lines from the parts thereof which are close to the water outlet (41) via the electrode contact points (45a, 45b, 45c, 45d).

12. A heating system (A) according to the claim 11 , wherein in the enhancer (4), an electric resistance is formed between these said contact points (45a, 45b, 45c, 45d) when voltage is applied to the electrodes (17) in groups of two, and with this resistance, in order to allow the water to be heated quickly, on the closest part of the first line to the water outlet there is the first electrode contact point (45a) and on the same line but more behind that, there is the second electrode contact point (45b); on the close part of said second line to the water outlet there is the third electrode contact point (45c) and on the same line but more behind that, there is the fourth electrode contact point (45d).

13. A heating system (A) according to the claim 12, wherein the distance between the first and the second electrode contact points (45a, 45b) equals to the distance between the third and the fourth electrode contact points (45c, 45d).

14. A heating system (A) according to the claim 12, wherein in order to generate a high electric resistance and thus provide a more rapid heating, there is provided the third electrode contact point (45c) on the part of the second line which is close to the water outlet such that it stands slightly more behind the first electrode contact point (45a).

15. A heating system (A) according to the claim 12, wherein a voltage is simultaneously applied to two electrodes (17) each time alternatively such that a resistance occurs between the first electrode contact point (45a) and the third electrode contact point (45c), and then the second electrode contact point (45b) and the fourth electrode contact point (45d).

16. A heating system (A) according to the claim 12, wherein time and period of applying voltage to the electrodes are provided by a temperature measurement unit which is adapted to the system; when the temperature value at the outlet of the performance enhancer (4) decreases below the desired value, a control unit of the system (A) allows the voltage to be applied to the electrodes (17).

17. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein in the boiler unit (B), there is also provided a heat-insulated boiler front door (18) for the connection of the burner (1) with the boiler unit (B).

18. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein in the boiler unit (B), in order to allow the access to the lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5) and the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6) and allow the necessary cleaning operations to be performed, there is also provided a heat-insulated boiler cleaning door (19) which is installed close to these pipes (5, 6).

19. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein in the boiler unit (B), there is also provided a heat-insulated boiler rear door (20) which is installed for access to the performance enhancer (4) for maintenance purposes.

20. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein the pre-heating pipes inlet (3) is connected to the lower boiler water reservoir (5) on the burning chamber (2).

21. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein the upper boiler water inlet (10) is connected to the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6).

22. A heating system (A) according to the claim 1 , wherein the upper boiler water reservoir pipes (6) are connected to the lower boiler water reservoir pipes (5).