WO2008019649A1

WO2008019649A1 - Pendulum support

Info

Publication number: WO2008019649A1
Application number: PCT/DE2007/001358
Authority: WO
Inventors: Frank Nachbar; Alfons Nordloh; Volker Grube; Metin Ersoy
Original assignee: Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date: 2006-08-16
Filing date: 2007-07-31
Publication date: 2008-02-21
Also published as: DE102006038451A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a pendulum support for a motor vehicle, comprising two joints (2, 4) connected to each other by means of a coupling element (3). One of the joints (2) is embodied as a ball and socket joint and the other joint (4) is embodied as a spherical sleeve joint.

Description

Stabilizer

description

The invention relates to a pendulum support for a vehicle, with two joints, which are interconnected via a coupling member, wherein one of the joints is designed as a ball joint. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a pendulum support.

Such pendulum supports are known from the prior art. DE 200 10 341 Ul discloses, e.g. a joint rod for a motor vehicle, with at least one joint portion and a rod portion, wherein the joint portion and the rod portion are positively connected to each other in the region of a connecting surface and made of different materials. The joint portion has a socket and a pivotally mounted in this ball pin. The joint socket engages with a connecting piece in the articulated rod designed as a tube and is there fixed in a form-fitting manner via a groove profile.

From US 6 398 446 Bl a ball joint assembly is known, wherein at both ends of a connecting piece in each case a ball joint is mounted. Each ball joint has a ball stud and a housing. The connector has an end provided with a knurling, which is heated for mounting up to above the softening temperature of the housing and then pressed into a recess of the housing. EP 0 925 964 A2 discloses a suspension arm, wherein two rubber mounts are connected to one another via a linkage part. The rubber bearings sit in mounting parts, which are connected by means of a frictional heat-based method fixed to the linkage.

For conventional pendulum supports mainly two ball joints are used. In some cases, a combination of ball joint and rubber bearings has been used. In these pendulum supports the connection on the damper tube side but is often expensive. In particular, the provided on the damper holder for the pendulum support or this can be twisted or bent even by an eccentric load. Regularly, a relatively large space is required, and the mobility, the life and the capacity are limited. Furthermore, the movement behavior is often sluggish.

The object of the invention is to develop a pendulum support of the type mentioned in such a way that such bending or twisting can be reduced or avoided and a quick response and a long life of the pendulum support can be achieved.

This object is achieved with a pendulum support according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 13. Preferred developments are given in the dependent claims.

The pendulum support according to the invention for a vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, has two joints, which are interconnected via a coupling member, wherein one of the joints is designed as a ball joint, and wherein the other of the joints is designed as a ball and socket joint. This makes it possible to centrally realize the resulting connection of the pendulum support to a damper tube or to a damper plate due to the symmetry of the ball and socket joint and / or a holder for the pendulum support. A bending or twisting of the holder or the pendulum support can thus be avoided or at least reduced. In particular, via a fork-shaped connection of the ball and socket joint to eg a damper, the resulting connection can coincide with the pivot point of the ball and socket joint, although the two actual Connection points are offset from the fulcrum. In contrast, in a ball joint, an offset between the pivot point and the resulting connection point is present (force offset), since this coincides with the actual connection point and is arranged at a distance from the joint ball. Furthermore, the ball and socket joint has a greater flexibility and a faster response than a comparable rubber bearing, in which the inner part is connected via vulcanization with the elastomeric bearing body and thus limited in its freedom of movement. The load capacity of the ball and socket joint is also greater than that of a comparable rubber bearing. Furthermore, the life of the ball and socket joint is increased over a comparable rubber bearing, the elastomeric bearing body can wear relatively quickly due to frequent deformation.

Preferably, the ball and socket joint has a ball sleeve joint housing and a ball sleeve with a spherical region, by means of which the ball sleeve is movable, in particular rotatable and / or pivotable, mounted in the ball sleeve joint housing. In this case, the ball sleeve protrudes with two attachment areas out of the housing, between which the spherical area is arranged. Furthermore, the ball sleeve has a continuous recess which extends through the two attachment areas and through the crowned area. The surface of the crowned area (also called sphere) is preferably a partial spherical surface. In principle, however, other convex shapes of the crowned area are possible. The ball sleeve can be made of metal or plastic. Furthermore, the ball joint housing made of metal or plastic can be formed. The bearing of the ball sleeve in the ball sleeve joint housing is preferably a sliding bearing.

The ball sleeve is mounted in particular with the interposition of a bearing shell in the ball sleeve joint housing. The preferably made of plastic bearing shell has a bearing surface, which is particularly adapted to the surface of the crowned area. According to one embodiment, the bearing surface is a partial spherical surface or a partial hollow spherical surface, but other concave bearing surfaces are also possible. The bearing shell is preferably firmly seated in the ball joint housing and extends in the axial direction in particular not or only slightly over the spherical region of the ball sleeve out. The crowned region is preferably slidably mounted in the bearing shell and can in particular be rotated and / or pivoted with respect thereto.

Further, the ball joint may comprise a ball joint housing and a ball stud, one end of which is designed as a ball joint, by means of which the ball pin is movable, in particular rotatable and / or pivotable, mounted in the ball joint housing, wherein the ball pin protrudes with a pin portion of the housing. The joint ball preferably has a spherical surface or partial spherical surface and may be flattened on its side facing away from the journal region. In principle, however, other convex shapes of the joint ball are possible. The ball stud may be made of metal or plastic and is preferably formed of solid material. Furthermore, the ball joint housing made of metal or plastic. The bearing of the ball stud in the ball joint housing is preferably a sliding bearing.

The ball stud is mounted in particular with the interposition of a bearing shell in the ball joint housing. The preferably made of plastic bearing shell has a bearing surface, which is particularly adapted to the surface of the joint ball. According to one embodiment, the bearing surface is a partial spherical surface or a partial hollow spherical surface, but other concave bearing surfaces are also possible. The bearing shell sits particularly firmly in the ball joint housing. Furthermore, the joint ball is preferably mounted slidably in the bearing shell and can in particular be rotated and / or pivoted relative thereto.

The preferably designed as a tube or a rod coupling member is particularly straight. But also curved courses of the coupling member are possible, e.g. to bypass other components of the vehicle. The coupling member is preferably made of metal or plastic.

Pendulum supports are provided, for example, in vehicles as a link between the anti-roll bar and the wheel. Accordingly, the invention further relates to a vehicle with a vehicle body, at least one connected to the vehicle body and opposite this movable wheel, and connected to the vehicle body stabilizer, which is at least indirectly connected with the interposition of a pendulum support to the wheel, which has two interconnected via a coupling member joints, one of which is designed as a ball joint and the other as a ball joint joint. The pendulum support is a pendulum support according to the invention, which can be developed in accordance with all the aforementioned embodiments. The vehicle is in particular a motor vehicle.

The ball and socket joint can be arranged on the pendulum support on the wheel side, whereas the ball joint on the stabilizer side can be provided on the pendulum support. In particular, however, the wheel is connected to the vehicle body via a damper, which is coupled via the pendulum support with the stabilizer. In this case, the ball joint stabilizer side and the ball sleeve joint damper side can be arranged on the pendulum support. In particular, the ball joint with the stabilizer and the ball and socket joint is connected to the damper. If the damper has a damper tube and / or a damper plate, then the ball and socket joint is preferably connected to the damper tube or to the damper plate. The damper may be a single shock absorber or part of a damper assembly, such as a damper assembly. be a spring-damper unit. The damper extends in particular from the wheel or from a handlebar connected to this to the vehicle body. According to an alternative, the ball and socket joint can also be connected to the handlebar, wherein the ball joint is coupled to the stabilizer.

The ball sleeve joint is preferably connected via a holder with the damper or with the handlebar, wherein the holder is in particular attached to the damper tube or on the damper plate or integrally formed therewith. The holder is preferably designed as a fork and in particular has two prongs or legs, between which the ball sleeve is fixed. For this, e.g. a bolt or a screw pass through the two legs and the recess of the ball sleeve.

The vehicle may include at least one second wheel connected to and movable with respect to the vehicle body, the stabilizer being the two wheels at least indirectly connects with each other. In this case, the stabilizer is preferably a spring, in particular a torsion spring rod and serves for roll stabilization of the vehicle.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a pendulum support, wherein a ball joint or a ball pin, a ball sleeve joint or a ball sleeve and a coupling member are jointly inserted into a casting tool and with material, in particular a castable or sprayable material, encapsulated or encapsulated. The pendulum support is a pendulum support according to the invention, which can be developed in accordance with all the aforementioned embodiments. In particular, the coupling member is designed as a rod or connecting rod.

This method for producing the pendulum support is relatively inexpensive, requires few assembly steps and few items. Furthermore, no subsequent processing is necessary, and the design ensures tolerance insensitivity.

The material used in particular aluminum, zinc, magnesium or plastic. Furthermore, the ball joint, the ball joint joint and the coupling member are preferably connected to one another via the material.

From the material, the housing of the ball and socket joint and the housing of the ball joint can be formed. In particular, the bearing shell of the ball joint and the bearing shell of the ball and socket joint can be encapsulated or overmoulded by the material. Preferably, the ball stud and the ball sleeve are inserted together with the receiving this bearing shells in the casting mold. The coupling member is inserted in particular between the two joints in the casting tool.

With the method according to the invention, it is possible to form the pendulum support such that the ball sleeve joint or the ball sleeve, the ball joint or the ball pin and the connecting piece or coupling member are at least partially encapsulated or encapsulated with the material. In this case, the material at the same time for attachment of the ball sleeve joint and serve the ball joint to the connector. Furthermore, the ball sleeve joint housing and the ball joint housing are preferably formed by the material.

The invention will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawing. In the drawing show:

1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the pendulum support according to the invention,

2 is a partially sectioned view of the pendulum support of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a simplified representation of a suspension with the pendulum support of FIG. 1 and

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the pendulum support of FIG. 1 to a damper.

From Fig. 1, an embodiment of the pendulum support 1 according to the invention is shown in a perspective view, wherein a ball joint 2 is connected via a connecting rod 3 with a ball sleeve joint 4. The ball joint 2 has a ball pin 5 which is rotatably and pivotally mounted in a ball joint housing 6, wherein the ball pin 5 protrudes on one side from the ball joint housing 6 with a pin portion 7. To protect against contamination between the ball joint housing 6 and the ball pin 5, a sealing bellows 8 is arranged. The ball joint housing 6 has a shaft 9, in which the connecting rod 3 engages.

The ball sleeve joint 4 has a ball sleeve 10 which in a

Ball sleeve joint housing 11 is rotatably and pivotally mounted, wherein the ball sleeve 10 protrudes on both sides of the ball sleeve joint housing 11 with mounting portions 12, 13. To protect against contamination is between the ball sleeve joint housing 11 and the mounting portions 12, 13 each one Seal bellows 14, 15 arranged. The ball joint housing 11 has a shaft 16, in which the connecting rod 3 engages. Furthermore, the ball sleeve 10 is provided with a continuous recess 17.

From Fig. 2 is a side view of the pendulum support 1 can be seen, wherein the ball joint 2 and the ball sleeve joint 4 are shown in section. In the ball joint housing 6 sits a bearing shell (spherical shell) 18, in which the ball pin 5 is rotatably and pivotally mounted with a ball joint 19. Here, the ball joint 19 is fixedly connected to the pin portion 7, in particular integrally formed therewith.

In the ball sleeve joint housing 11 is seated a bearing shell (spherical shell) 20, in which the ball sleeve 10 is rotatably and pivotally mounted with a spherical portion 21. In this case, the crowned region 21 is in particular formed in one piece with the two attachment regions 12, 13 and arranged between them, so that the two attachment regions 12, 13 lie diametrically opposite one another with respect to the crowned region 21. The ball sleeve joint housing 11 is arranged in the longitudinal direction between two, in particular annular, radial shoulders of the bearing shell 20, so that it is fixed to the ball sleeve joint housing 11 axially in both directions. The bellows 14, 15 are ball sleeve joint housing side fixed to the bearing shell 20, which is in particular integrally formed. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the continuous recess YI extends through the two attachment regions 12, 13 and through the crowned region 21.

The ball pin 5 and the ball sleeve 10 are substantially rotationally symmetrical body, wherein the axis of symmetry or longitudinal axis of both joints 2, 4 is denoted by L. Furthermore, the connecting rod 3 has a longitudinal center axis M, wherein the center of the ball joint 19 preferably coincides with the intersection of the longitudinal center axis M with the longitudinal axis L of the ball joint 2. Further, the center of the crowned portion 21 preferably coincides with the intersection of the longitudinal center axis M with the longitudinal axis L of the ball-and-socket joint 4, this center being defined by the center of the part-spherical surface or bearing surface of the crowned portion 21. The Ball sleeve 10 is preferably mirror-symmetrical, in particular to a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ball sleeve 10 and through the center of the crowned region 21.

In Fig. 3 is a simplified representation of a suspension 22 of a motor vehicle 23 is shown, wherein a wheel 24 is articulated via a control arm 25 to a vehicle body 26 of the vehicle 23. Between the wheel 24 and the vehicle body 26 extends a damper 27, with the damper tube 28, the pendulum support 1 is connected below a damper plate 29 via the ball joint joint 4. With its other end, the pendulum support 1 is connected via the ball joint 2 with a stabilizer bar 30 which is fixed to the vehicle body 26. The anti-roll bar 30 extends from the pendulum support 1 to a suspension 31 of a second wheel 32 of the vehicle 23. The suspension 31 is analogous to the suspension 22, so that the wheel 32 is articulated via a transverse link to the vehicle body 26. Between the wheel 32 and the vehicle body 26 also extends a damper, with the damper tube a pendulum support according to the invention is connected via the ball sleeve joint. At the other end, this pendulum support is connected via its ball joint with the anti-roll bar 30. The two wheels 24, 32 are part of a common vehicle axle.

From Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the pendulum support 1 to the damper 27 can be seen, with a fork 33 is attached to the damper tube 28. The fork 33 has two legs 34 and 35, between which the ball sleeve joint 4 is arranged. The two legs 34, 35 and the ball sleeve 10 are penetrated by a bolt 36 (shown in phantom), the bolt head 37 rests against the ball sleeve joint 4 facing away from the outside of the leg 35. On the side facing away from the ball sleeve joint 4 outside of the leg 34, a screw 38 is screwed onto the bolt 36 and abuts the leg 34, so that the ball sleeve 10 between the two legs 34, 35 is fixed.

To produce the pendulum support 1, the ball joint 2, the sleeve joint 4 and the connecting rod 3 are inserted into a die-casting or injection molding tool and with material (Aluminum, zinc, magnesium or plastic) encapsulated or encapsulated. In this case, no additional housing is required for both the ball joint 2 and the sleeve joint 4, since in both the encapsulation takes place directly on the bearing element spherical shell 18 and 20 (integration of the sleeve joint in the finished overall component). This eliminates the otherwise usual in sleeve joints subsequent processing, since sleeve joint housing normally must be ground to fit on the outer diameter in order to ensure a defined compression of the sleeve joints in the counterpart can. Furthermore, the shafts 9 and 16 can also be formed by the material or be simultaneously with the housings, which are in particular formed integrally with the respective housing.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Pendulum support Ball joint Connecting rod Ball joint joint Ball joint housing Ball joint housing Pivot area Sealing bellows Shaft Ball sleeve Ball joint Housing Mounting area Mounting area Sealing bellows Sealing shaft Shaft recess Bearing shell Joint ball Bearing shell crowned area Wheel suspension Vehicle Wheel Wishbone Vehicle body Damper Damper tube 9 damper plate 0 stabilizer 1 wheel suspension 2 wheel 3 fork

34 thighs

35 thighs

36 bolts

37 bolt head

38 screw L longitudinal axis

M longitudinal center axis

Claims

Pendulum support patent claims

1. pendulum support for a vehicle, with two joints (2, 4) which are interconnected via a coupling member (3), wherein one of the joints (2) is designed as a ball joint, characterized in that the other of the joints (4) is designed as a ball sleeve joint.

2. pendulum support according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball sleeve joint (4) has a ball sleeve joint housing (11) and a ball sleeve (10) having a crowned portion (21), by means of which the ball sleeve (10) movable in the ball joint housing (11) is mounted, wherein the ball sleeve (10) with two mounting portions (12, 13) protrudes from the ball sleeve joint housing (11), between which the spherical portion (21) is arranged, and wherein the ball sleeve (10) has a through recess (17) extending through the two attachment regions (12, 13) and through the crowned region (21).

3. pendulum support according to claim 2, characterized in that the ball sleeve (10) with the interposition of a bearing shell (20) in the ball sleeve joint housing (11) is slidably mounted.

4. pendulum support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ball joint (2) has a ball joint housing (6) and a ball pin (5), one end of which is designed as a ball joint (19), by means of which the ball pin (5) movable is mounted in the ball joint housing (6), wherein the ball pin (5) protrudes with a pin portion (7) from the ball joint housing (6).

5. pendulum support according to claim 4, characterized in that the ball pin (5) with the interposition of a bearing shell (18) in the ball joint housing (6) is slidably mounted.

6. pendulum support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling member (3) is a straight rod.

7. pendulum support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ball joint (2) or its ball stud (5), the ball sleeve joint (4) or its ball sleeve (10) and the coupling member (3) are at least partially encapsulated by material or molded ,

8. pendulum support according to claim 7, characterized in that the ball joint housing (6) and the ball joint housing (11) are formed of the material.

9. A vehicle having a vehicle body (26), at least one with the vehicle body (26) connected and movable relative to this wheel (24), and with the vehicle body (26) connected stabilizer (30) with the interposition of a pendulum support (l) is at least indirectly connected to the wheel (24), the two via a coupling member (3) interconnected joints (2, 4), one of which is formed as a ball joint (2), characterized in that the other of the joints (4 ) is designed as a ball and socket joint.

10. Vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that the wheel (24) to the vehicle body (26) via a damper (27) is connected, which is coupled via the pendulum support (L) with the stabilizer (30), wherein the ball joint (2) stabilizer side and the Kugelhüls engelenk (4) damper side of the pendulum support (1) are arranged.

11. Vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the damper (27) has a damper tube (28) and / or a damper plate (29), wherein the ball sleeve joint (4) with the damper tube (28) or with the damper plate (29). connected is.

12. Vehicle according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that at least one second wheel (32) with the vehicle body (26) connected to and is movable relative to this, wherein the stabilizer (30) than the two wheels (24, 32) at least indirectly interconnecting Torsionsfederstab is formed.

13. A method for producing a pendulum support, wherein a ball joint (2) or a ball pin (5), a ball sleeve joint (4) or a ball sleeve (10) and a connecting rod (3) are jointly inserted into a casting tool and encapsulated with material or molded ,

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that is used as the material aluminum, zinc, magnesium or plastic.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the ball joint (2), the ball sleeve joint (4) and the connecting rod (3) are interconnected via the material.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that of the material, a housing (11) of the ball sleeve joint (4) and a housing (6) of the ball joint (2) are formed.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that a bearing shell (18) of the ball joint (2) and a bearing shell (20) of the ball sleeve joint (4) are encapsulated or encapsulated by the material.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the connecting rod (3) between the two joints (2, 4) is inserted into the casting tool.