WO2008015009A1

WO2008015009A1 - Drive for a switch in electrical installations

Info

Publication number: WO2008015009A1
Application number: PCT/EP2007/006880
Authority: WO
Inventors: Olaf BÜLTER
Original assignee: Walter Kraus Gmbh
Priority date: 2006-08-03
Filing date: 2007-08-03
Publication date: 2008-02-07
Also published as: EP2050111B1; EP2050111A1; DE202006012002U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive (1) for a switch (2) in electrical installations. In a housing (3) of the drive (1), an input-driving transmission part (8) and an output-driving transmission part (9) are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and are coupled to one another via at least one spring (10, 11). The output-driving transmission part (9) is connected to an output shaft (7) and is supported on one or more housing stops (21) temporarily in a manner fixed against rotation.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Drive for a switch in electrical systems

The invention relates to a drive for a

Switch in electrical systems, wherein between the housing of the drive and the switch, a clutch is connected coaxially with the switch shaft.

The scope of such drives and switches is practically conceivable in all electrical systems, but especially in railway technology.

The object of the invention is to produce a particularly fast switching movement in order to avoid sparking.

The solution of this problem according to the invention results from the features of claim 1. In the subclaims further features of the invention are listed.

A solution principle of the invention is that oppositely wound torsion springs biased by the drive shaft together or individually and on the housing of the drive via pivotally mounted

Pawls are supported, the effect of one of the two torsion springs is released by free-locking a pawl in its clamping force and thus is able abruptly the gear member up to a possibly cushioned stop abruptly, i. with big ones

Speed, to twist. Thus, so-called spark gaps are avoided.

The drive can be designed for one or two directions of rotation. The drive can also be one or more switching steps are performed, which alternately on / off circuits or any other and possibly multi-stage switching functions possible.

The drive function of the tensioned springs can be supported by a trigger. This can be a forced release, which in any case at the end of the

Gap movement in triggering contact and possibly in abutment with the aborting gear parts and this drives in the switching rotational movement. The trigger can alternatively have a purely auxiliary function and only come into function when the clamping force of the spring (s) for the output and switching rotation is insufficient.

Details of the invention will become apparent from the drawing. In it, the invention is shown schematically and for example. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a drive for a switch in electrical installations;

Figure 2: a cross section through the drive with a coaxially arranged coil spring through the

Drive shaft in the clockwise direction, that is biased from the inside out,

Figure 3: a cross section through the drive with another coil spring opposite to

Figure 2 is wound,

Figure 4: a cross section with a plan view of the abortive gear part with the arrangement of both in the blocking position

Ratchets,

Figure 5: a partial perspective view of the drive with stops for biasing the torsion springs and with a release stop for

Release of one of the pawls,

FIG. 6 is a side view of an embodiment of the drive;

FIG. 7 shows a plan view of the variant of FIG. 6 with the housing cover removed;

8 shows a section through the drive according to section line VIII-VIII of Figure 6, FIG. 9 shows the arrangement of FIG. 8 in a rotated tensioning and releasing position,

10 shows a section through the drive according to section line X-X of Figure 6 and

11 shows a section through the drive according to section line XI-XI of Figure 7.

In the example of FIG. 1, a drive (1) for operating and turning a switch (2) in electrical installations is shown schematically for reasons of orientation. The switch (2) may comprise one or more switching contacts (not shown) on a switch shaft (5), e.g. consist of knife-like panels on which rest on both sides held stationary contact plates and pressed by spring force or otherwise. By turning the switch shaft (5), the circuit boards are brought into and out of engagement with the contact plates.

The drive (1) has a drive shaft projecting from the drive housing (3) with a coaxial axis (6) which is intended to act on the switch shaft (5) of the switch (2) via an output shaft (7) and a clutch (4) ,

The drive shaft (6) can manually with a tool, eg lever or the like. , or be turned with a motor or other drive member. The drive shaft (6) and the switch shaft (5) can be arranged coaxially. The switch (2) may be, for example, a ground switch and be used eg in pantographs of rail vehicles. Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the structure of the drive (1). The drive shaft (6) acts rotationally on a driving gear part (8), for example, two coaxial superimposed torsion springs (10,11), bias to transmit their voltage to the abortive gear part (9) for driving the output shaft (7) , The gear parts (8,9) are rotatably mounted and guided in the usual manner about the aligned axes (6,7) on the drive housing (3), which need not be particularly illustrated.

The problem of the invention is to advance the bias of the two torsion springs (10,11) until the clamping force, e.g. in the maximum range suddenly released and can be used to drive the switch shaft (5), which spark gaps in the switch (2) can be avoided, which were previously feared. The switch shaft (5) is thereby accelerated and rotated quickly.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show horizontal cross sections through the drive (1), in order to show that the drive shaft (6) is connected in different ways to the two torsion springs (10, 11). Assuming that the drive shaft (6) is rotated in the clockwise direction for the purpose of driving, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the torsion spring (10) is deformed from the inside to the outside and thus prestressed. The inner end (12) of the torsion spring (10) is thus moved under a certain compressive stress. The outer end (14) of the torsion spring (io) is supported on a stop (16) of a pawl (18,19), which is shown in detail in Figure 4.

In the example of Figure 3, the other torsion spring (11) with its inner end (13) on the drive shaft (6) fixed so that upon rotation of the drive shaft in the clockwise direction, the bias of the torsion spring (11) takes place in the direction of pull inwards. In this case, too the outer end (15) of the torsion spring (11) is supported on a stop (17) of one of the pawls (18, 19).

From Figure 4 results in a cross-sectional plane of the

Drive (1) that two pawls (18,19) about the axes (20) are rotatably mounted on the abortive gear part (9). They are distanced from each other by the spreading spring (24) and lock with respect to the housing stop (21), which is guided peripherally displaceable in the drive housing (3) and is supported by a spring (22). Stops (26) prevent the pawls (18,19) can be rotated over a certain amount.

The function of the switch drive results from a partial perspective of the drive according to Figure 5, wherein the essential parts are omitted.

It can be seen that in the drive housing (3), the drive shaft (6) is mounted with its axis and is connected to the driving gear part (8). At a distance below it is the abortive gear part (9), which is rotatable about the same axis (6) and according to Figure 1 with the output shaft (7) is connected.

The torsion springs (10,11) are arranged between the driving gear part (8) and the abortive gear part (9) and indicated only schematically. If one turns the drive shaft (6) in the clockwise direction and thus also the driving gear part (8), then the stopper (16,17) hits against an outer end (14,15) of one of the two torsion springs (10,11) in Figure 5, only one of the two outer ends (14,15) of the torsion springs (10,11) is shown. By further rotation of the drive shaft (6) in a clockwise direction so the two torsion springs (10,11) are biased until reaching the maximum bias of Trigger stop (23) of the driving gear part (8) makes contact with the leg (25) of the associated pawl (18) receives. This pawl dissolves when impact case in the clockwise direction of the housing stop (21), with the result that the abortive gear part (9), which had previously been supported on the pawl (18) on the housing stop (21), and a sudden rotation continues in the clockwise direction due to the bias of the torsion springs, resulting in the sudden changeover switch on the switch shaft (5) according to Figure 1.

However, this sudden rotational movement of the abortive gear part is only - in the example - by 90 ° until the release pawl (18) on the

Spreading spring (24) is pressed outwards again and hits against the next housing stop (21) with escape spring (22).

The consequence of this is that the abortive gear part and thus the switch (2) is suddenly rotated in the same direction of rotation, when the associated pawl (18,19) is released upon reaching the bias of the torsion springs.

Figures 6 to 11 show a further embodiment of the invention. Also in this embodiment, a driving and an abreibendes gear part (8,9) are arranged coaxially to each other and at least one

Spring (10,11) coupled together. With the rotation of the driving gear part (8) at least one spring (10,11) can be tensioned, wherein the abortive gear part (9) connected to an output shaft (7) and temporarily and rotationally fixed to one or more housing stops (21) , The support can be released at the end of the rotation, so that the relaxing spring (10,11) accelerates the abortive gear part (9) and very fast turns. The clamping direction and the output direction can be the same.

In Figure 6, the switch (1) is shown in a side view. The drive shaft (6) protrudes at the top of the housing (3) and can, as indicated by arrows, are rotated in two opposite directions. Alternatively, a rotation in only one direction is possible. Here, e.g. each switching steps of 90 ° with the bottom connected output shaft (7) are executed. The housing (3) has a cup-shaped upper part for receiving the springs (10,11) and has at the bottom of a widened flange (27) for mounting on the switch housing or elsewhere.

Figure 7 shows a plan view of the switch (1) with the housing cover removed. Also in this embodiment, the drive shaft (6) with the driving housing part (8) is rotationally connected while rotatably mounted in the housing cover. As FIG. 11 illustrates in the associated cross-section, the shafts (6, 7) are arranged in an aligned or coaxial manner and can be rotatably connected to one another. The abortive housing part (9) is rotationally coupled to the output shaft (7) and is also rotatably mounted in the housing (3). The output shaft (7) is rotatably mounted and guided in a flange opening.

The output shaft (7) is at its top with a

Support member (28) rotatably connected, which has a non-rotationally symmetrical outer contour and, for example, a prismatic cross-section. It may be solid or hollow and is formed in the embodiment as a square sleeve. The support element (28) arranged in alignment with the axes (6, 7) is non-rotatable with the driven gear part (9) and possibly also with the drive shaft (7) - S -

connected. It also carries the springs (10,11), whose inner ends (12,13) are rotatably connected via the prismatic outer contour with the support element (28). Between the coaxially superimposed springs (10,11) is a separating disc freely rotatable about a bearing to the

Axes (6,7) arranged on the support element (28), which is part of a trigger explained in more detail below (29). At the top, the hollow support member (28) via a plug pin rotatably connected to the drive shaft (6).

Returning to Figure 7, the driving gear member (8) has an upper transverse plate connected to the drive shaft (6). This has e.g. an approximately circular shape, wherein at the plate edges three drivers (23, 23 ', 23' ') projecting downwards and perform on rotation of the drive shaft (6) and the plate a concentric arc movement about the axis (6). The drivers (23,23 ', 23' ') may form stops for engagement with the springs (10,11) and the pawls (18,19).

The three drivers (23, 23 ', 23' ') are distributed approximately uniformly about the axis (6). The central stop (23) acts on the pawls (18,19) and is centrally opposite the housing stop (21) on which the abortive gear part (9) is currently supported. The other drivers (23 ', 23' ') are equidistant from the driver (23) and are arranged symmetrically and on both sides of a through the axis (6) and the currently effective housing stop (21) extending line.

The pawls (18,19) have in the embodiment shown a shortened length and have at the free rear ends in each case a plate-shaped and upstanding projection (31) on which the driver or stop (23) in its arc movement abuts and the pawl (18,19) corresponding to their bearing (20) rotates.

The one driver (23 ') acts on the outer end (14) of the upper spring (10) and takes over this the spring (10) in a bow movement in the counterclockwise direction in Figure 7 with. The inner end (12) of the spring (10) is rotatably held according to Figure 9 on the support member (28), which in turn via the rotationally fixed connection with the abortive gear part (9) and the locking engagement of the pawls (18,19) on the housing stop ( 21) is fixed to the housing and supported against rotation. During a rotational movement of the driver (23 ') counterclockwise thus the spring (10) is tensioned.

The center-symmetrically opposite other carrier (23 ") acts on the outer end (15) of the lower spring (11), whose inner end (13) is also rotationally fixed and supported on the support element (28) ) clockwise will

Spring end (15) taken and tensioned the spring (11).

As Figure 8 illustrates in a sectional plan view, the springs (10,11) are also formed in this embodiment as torsion springs and in particular as coil springs. You can wound in opposite directions. Alternatively, any other types and configurations of springs are possible, which can be tensioned with a rotation.

From Figure 8 is also apparent that the outer spring ends (14,15) are mounted in the rest position on stops (16,17), which are firmly connected to the abortive gear part (9) and can be formed by folded sheet metal tabs. The stops (16,17) are within the range of movement of the driver (23 ', 23 "), which thereby at the outwardly projecting spring ends (14,15) strike and these can take with them, wherein the respectively acted spring (10,11) is tensioned.

The springs (10,11) can be moved independently and stretched and are responsible for different directions of rotation. In the double arrangement of springs (10, 11) shown, only one spring (10, 11) is tensioned depending on the direction of rotation in a drive operation.

The drive (1) has in the second embodiment, two pawls (18,19) on the abreibendem gear part (9) superimposed (20) are rotatably mounted and at the rear end under the action of a spring (24) each at a fixed gear fixed stop ( 26) abut. The front pawl ends protrude beyond the bearings (20) and cooperate with the housing stop (21) evasive and controllable together. The two pawls (18,19) are obliquely and on both sides of the housing stop (21) employed. FIG. 10 shows this arrangement.

The aborting gear part (9) can according to the sectional view of Figure 11 from two parallel

There are plates between which the pawls (18,19) are arranged and protrude with their front pawl ends to the outside. The two plates are rotationally connected to each other by the bearings (20) and may also have other fasteners. The upper plate is rotatably connected to the support element (28). The lower plate can be used for storage and is rotatably connected, for example, with a bearing sleeve, which in turn is rotatably supported in a flange opening. Through the bearing sleeve, the output shaft (7) protrude and be rotationally connected at the upper end with the upper plate and / or the support member (28). alternative also the bearing sleeve can be extended and form the output shaft.

The drive (1) has a trigger (29) in both embodiments, which supports the action of the springs (10,11) and possibly provides a forced release, especially if the spring force alone should not be sufficient for tearing the switch shaft (5). The trigger (29) is arranged between the gear parts (8,9) and is driven in rotation by the driving gear part (8), wherein it can be brought against the abortive gear part (9) in abutment and then entrains.

The trigger (29) has the aforementioned intermediate plate which is freely rotatably supported on the support member (28) and which has on an outer side a projecting stop lug (30). This stop lug (30) is located between the stops (IS, 17) and the drivers (23 ', 23 ") and also between the pawls (18, 19), and may have a favorable conical shape, eg widening towards the outside. The stop lug (30) is taken with one rotation of the driving gear part (8) depending on the direction of rotation of one or the other driver (23 ', 23'') and at the end of the rotational movement in abutment with the respective opposite stop (17,16) In Fig. 9, in a counterclockwise rotation, the cam (23 ') moves the stopper nose (30) against the stopper (17) .The rotation of the driving gear part (8) becomes instantaneous through contact with the stopper (17,16) transmitted to the abortive gear part (9), which is entrained in a further rotation.This also rotatably connected output shaft (7) and the switch shaft (5) are rotated. The mutual angular distances of the drivers (23,23 ', 23 ^{1 1} J and the width of the stop lug (30) are coordinated so that the driver or stop (23) has deflected the respective pawl (18,19) during or shortly before 9 shows this release position with the pawl pivoted out (19), whereby the abortive transmission part (9) loses its stationary support on the housing stop (21) and can become The spring (10) relaxes and supports the rotation in the manner described above, this function being the same with the other spring (11) when rotating in the opposite direction, ie in the clockwise direction , given.

The triggering function can be set differently and can be e.g. about the shape, in particular the width of the stop lug (30) set. In the embodiment of Figure 9, the nose width is tuned to the angle of rotation, that the pawl (18,19) is rotated and released just before the stop lug (30) comes into the illustrated stop and driving position with respect to the abortive gear part (9) , In such a design, the trigger (29) acts substantially simultaneously with the respective relaxing spring (10,11).

in the first embodiment of Figure 1 to 5 is the

Stop lug (30) narrower and is thus delayed in stop position. The respective associated pawl (18,19) has previously been triggered, so that each tensioned torsion spring (10,11) has opportunity for relaxation before the trigger (29) is effective. By the spring and switch rotation with the gear parts (9) and the respective stop (16,17) taken along, so that the stop lug (30) does not come under normal operating conditions in stop and release function. Only if for some reason the spring force is insufficient, the trigger (29) is effective.

In a switch operation, the abortive gear part (9) rotates in both embodiments by 90 ° in the direction or counterclockwise and then locks on the next housing stop (21) again. In both embodiments, four housing stops (21) are evenly distributed in a circle around the central axis (6). The radially inwardly projecting housing stops (21) have a wedge shape with inclined stop and support surfaces for the end faces of the pawls (18,19). On the other hand, these have oblique outer flanks which enable a resilient deflection of the respective front pawl (18, 19) in the direction of rotation when the next housing stop (21) passes over. At a switch rotation, each with the gear part (9) and the spring stops (16,17), the

Support member (28) and the transmission part (9) fixed stops (26) for the rear pawl ends moved. The arrangement of the components shown in Figure 8 is rotated at a switch rotation as a whole by 90 ° clockwise or in the opposite direction.

In a modification of the embodiment shown, the springs (22) on the housing stops (21) can be omitted. The housing stops (21) are formed in the embodiments shown on an insert ring which is guided in the flange (27) and a local collar outside on the circumference and limited by the springs (22) in the circumferential direction resiliently supported. When the springs (22) are omitted, the housing stops (21) can be rigidly connected to the flange (27) or another location of the housing (3) and optionally also formed there. In variation to the embodiment shown, the number and Arrangement of the housing stops (21) vary, with the switching angle change accordingly.

In addition, in the second embodiment, the spreading spring (24) shown in FIG. 10 is formed differently. It consists of a helical tension spring, which is arranged between the pivot bearings (20) and the transmission part fixed stops (26) and holds the latch ends in abutment against the stops (26).

Modifications of the embodiment shown are possible in various ways. The switch (1) can be formed depending on the direction of rotation and can only be moved in one direction. For this purpose, a correspondingly reduced arrangement and design of the

Springs (10,11), the pawls (18,19) and the stops (23 ', 23 ^F ', 16,17). Furthermore, the number and arrangement of the springs (10, 11) can vary. More than two springs can be used. As a torsion spring other spring shapes than the coil springs shown can be used. For the purposes of the invention, the springs (10, 11) also include any other tensionable energy accumulators, for example gas springs or the like. Variable is also the structural design of the driving and abortion gear parts (8,9) and the attacks

(23,23 ', 23 ^{1 1} J _/ the latter can be replaced by any other trigger or carrier. Also, the number and shape of the at least one pawl (s) (18,19) may vary. You can place rotational movements and linear or perform combined evasive movements. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 drive

2 switch 3 housing, drive housing

4 clutch

5 switch shaft

6 drive shaft, axle

7 output shaft, axis 8 driving gear part

9 driven gear part

10 spring, torsion spring

11 spring, torsion spring

12 inside end of spring (10) 13 inside end of spring (11)

14 outer end of the spring (10)

15 outer end of the spring (11)

16 stop

17 stop 18 pawl

19 pawl

20 bearings

21 housing stop

22 spring 23 driver, stop, release stop

23 'driver, stop

23 "driver, stop

24 spring, spreading spring

25 legs of the pawl 26 stop

27 flange, housing flange

28 support element, square sleeve

29 Shutter release, forced release

30 stop lug 31 approach

Claims

1.) Drive (1) for a switch (2) in electrical installations, characterized in that in a housing

(3) of the drive (1) arranged coaxially with one another a driving (8) and an aborting (9) transmission part and are coupled to one another via at least one spring (10, 11), the abortive transmission part (9) being connected to an output shaft (7). connected and temporarily rotatably supported on one or more housing stops (21).

2.) Drive according to claim 1, characterized g e k e n e z e i c h n e t that the transmission parts

(8,9) in a housing (3) of the drive (1) arranged coaxially with each other, rotatably mounted and each with a drive shaft (6) and an output shaft (7) are rotationally connected.

3.) Drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the gear parts (8,9) from the driving gear part (8) rotatably entrained and abutment against the abortive gear part (9) trigger (29) is arranged.

4.) Drive according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the drive (1) has two coaxial, oppositely wound torsion springs (10,11) having one end (14,15) with the driving gear part (8). and the other end (12, 13) is connected to the abortive gear part (9).

5.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Trigger (29) between the springs (10,11) is arranged.

6.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one movable pawl (18,19) is arranged on the abortive transmission part (9), which cooperates with the housing stop (21) evasive and controllable.

7.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on abrreibenden transmission part (9) two on both sides of a housing stop (21) obliquely employed pawls (18,19) rotatably mounted (20) and in locking position against stops (26) on Gear part (9) are supported.

8.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e k e n n e c i n e s that the pawls (18,19) with a spring (24) against each other and against the stops (26) are clamped.

9.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that e e n e c e s e s that the driving gear part (8) has a driver (23) for actuating and releasing the pawl (s) (18,19).

10.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abortive gear part (9) at least one stop (16,17) for the outer protruding spring end (14,15) and a support element (28) for the inner spring end (12 , 13).

11.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving gear part (8) has at least one driver (23 ', 23 ") for the exciting entrainment of the outer protruding spring end (14,15).

12.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it e e c e n e c e s that the drivers (23, 23 ', 23 ") are arranged offset from each other in the circumferential direction.

13.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trigger (29) is freely rotatably mounted and in the range of movement of a driver (23 ', 23 ") and a stop (16,17) projecting stop lug (30) having .

14.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving gear part (8) has a plate with two or three axially projecting stop-shaped drivers (23,23 ', 23 ").

15.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that e e e c e s e s that the abreibendem gear part (9) has two parallel and rotationally connected plates, between which the pawl (s) (18,19) is mounted (20).

16) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one plate of the abortive gear part (9) with the output shaft (7) is rotationally connected.

17.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e k e n n e c i n e t e, that the other plate of the driven gear part (9) with the support member (28) is rotationally connected.

18.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it e e c e n e c e s e s that the support element (28) has a non-rotationally symmetrical, in particular a primatic outer contour.

19.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that e e n e c e s e s that the support element (28) the spring (s) (10, 11) and the trigger (29).

20.) Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it e e e n e c e s e s that the support element (28) with the drive shaft (6) is rotatably connected.

21). Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the housing (3) of the drive (1) and the switch (2), a clutch (4) is coaxially connected to the switch shaft (5).