WO2007116730A1 - Appareil et procede pour commander un compresseur reciproque - Google Patents

Appareil et procede pour commander un compresseur reciproque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007116730A1
WO2007116730A1 PCT/JP2007/056349 JP2007056349W WO2007116730A1 WO 2007116730 A1 WO2007116730 A1 WO 2007116730A1 JP 2007056349 W JP2007056349 W JP 2007056349W WO 2007116730 A1 WO2007116730 A1 WO 2007116730A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
synchronous motor
reciprocating compressor
rotation command
reverse rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2007/056349
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Seiichi Funakura
Original Assignee
Sanken Electric Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. filed Critical Sanken Electric Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2007116730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007116730A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0207—Torque

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control device and a control method for a reciprocating compressor (reciprocating compressor), and in particular, a control device for a reciprocating compressor that performs control to give a reverse rotation command when the reciprocating compressor is started. And a control method.
  • Reciprocating compressors are used in refrigerators and the like, and synchronous motors having permanent magnets as rotors are often used as drive motors for the reciprocating compressors.
  • the reciprocating compressor has a characteristic that the load torque is small during the refrigerant gas suction stroke, and the load torque is large during the refrigerant gas compression stroke.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a reciprocating compressor.
  • one end of a connecting rod 2 is connected to one end of the circumference of the motor rotor 1
  • the other end of the connecting rod 2 is connected to a piston 3 provided in the cylinder 4.
  • the rotational motion of the motor rotor 1 is converted into linear motion (reciprocating motion) in the cylinder 4 via the connecting rod 2. For this reason, when the motor rotor 1 rotates once, the piston 3 reciprocates once.
  • FIG. 1 when the rotation direction of the motor is counterclockwise on the paper, the force Fg that presses the piston 3 by the pressure of the refrigerant gas is estimated by the load torque with respect to the angle ⁇ of the motor rotor 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the motor rotor angle and the load torque.
  • the motor rotor angle ⁇ is the counterclockwise direction on the page of Fig. 1 as the normal rotation direction.
  • the load torque becomes the largest when the angle ⁇ force of the motor rotor 1 is near SO radians (or near 2 ⁇ radians).
  • the maximum value of the load torque is further increased.
  • the start-up control device for a reciprocating device drive motor described in this patent document includes a current detection circuit that detects an overcurrent of the DC input current of the inverter, and a forward / reverse switching circuit that switches the phase rotation direction of the inverter. . If the rotation angle position at start-up is between 3 ⁇ / 2 and 0 (or 2 ⁇ ), the start-up torque increases, a large start-up current flows, and the current detection circuit detects an overcurrent at start-up. Then, the control circuit stops the motor start operation of the inverter for a predetermined time, and then operates the forward / reverse switching circuit to reverse the phase rotation direction of the inverter and restart the crankshaft in the reverse rotation direction.
  • the motor rotates in a direction in which the starting torque decreases with respect to the rotational angle position of the motor. That is, depending on the rotational angle position, the electric motor continues to rotate in the forward rotation direction, or the electric motor continues to rotate in the reverse rotation direction.
  • the current detection circuit must detect the overcurrent of the DC input current of the inverter in the forward rotation direction of the motor and the overcurrent of the DC input current of the inverter in the reverse rotation direction of the motor. Therefore, the configuration becomes more complicated and the cost is further increased.
  • the problem of the present invention is that even when the pressure of the refrigerant gas of the reciprocating compressor is high and the load torque is large, the reciprocating compressor can be operated without failing using the torque due to inertia. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device and a control method for a reciprocating compressor that is simple in construction and inexpensive.
  • a control device for a reciprocating compressor is a synchronous motor for driving a reciprocating compressor having a permanent magnet as a rotor, An inverter circuit for driving the synchronous motor; and a control means for controlling the inverter circuit, wherein the control means has a maximum load torque with respect to the inverter circuit when the synchronous motor is started.
  • Start control for giving a reverse rotation command for reversely rotating the synchronous motor with a motor torque not exceeding a predetermined time, and giving a normal rotation command for rotating the synchronous motor forward after the predetermined time has elapsed It has a part.
  • a synchronous motor for driving a reciprocating compressor that has a permanent magnet as a rotor is driven by an inverter circuit.
  • a reverse rotation command for reversely rotating the synchronous motor with a motor torque that does not exceed the maximum load torque is given to the inverter circuit for a predetermined time.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a general reciprocating compressor.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a motor rotor angle and a load torque.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control device for a reciprocating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between motor torque, load torque, and motor rotor rotational speed when the motor rotor angular position is in the state of 3 ⁇ 2 to 0 when the reciprocating compressor is started. is there.
  • Fig. 5 shows the motor torque, load torque, and rotation of the motor rotator when a reverse rotation command is given once at the start of the reciprocating compressor and the motor rotor angular position is ⁇ -3 ⁇ / 2. It is a figure which shows the relationship of speed.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing motor torque, load torque, and motor rotor angle when the reciprocating compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is started.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing motor torque, load torque, and motor rotor angle when the reciprocating compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is started.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the control device for the reciprocating compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control device for the reciprocating compressor shown in FIG. 3 has a commercial power source 10, a rectifier circuit 11, an inverter circuit 12, a reciprocating compressor 13, and a control unit 14.
  • the commercial power supply 10 supplies an AC voltage of 100 V or 200 V to the rectifier circuit 11 as electric power necessary for driving the reciprocating compressor 13.
  • the rectifier circuit 11 converts the AC voltage of the commercial power supply 10 into a DC voltage.
  • the rectifier circuit 11 is composed of a full-wave rectifier circuit, and this full-wave rectifier circuit is connected in parallel to the four diodes D1 to D4 connected in a bridge and the four diodes D1 to D4. Connected smoothing capacitor C1 and force are also configured.
  • the inverter circuit 12 converts the DC voltage of the rectifier circuit 11 into an AC voltage, and drives the synchronous motor 131 with this AC voltage.
  • the inverter circuit 12 is composed of six switching elements Q1 to Q6 connected in a three-phase bridge, and six diodes D5 to D10 connected in parallel in the reverse direction to the six switching elements Q1 to Q6. Yes. 6 switching
  • the elements Q1 to Q6 also have, for example, an insulated gate bipolar transistor power.
  • connection point between switching element Q1 and switching element Q2 is the first phase of synchronous motor 131.
  • connection point of switching element Q3 and switching element Q4 is connected to the second phase (V phase) of synchronous motor 131, and the connection point of switching element Q5 and switching element Q6 is synchronous. It is connected to the third phase (W phase) of the motor 131.
  • the control unit 14 controls the inverter circuit 12. That is, when the control signal is also applied to the gate of each of the six switching elements Q1 to Q6, the six switching elements Q1 to Q6 are switched and the inverter circuit 12 is The voltage and frequency can be obtained.
  • the reciprocating compressor 13 includes a synchronous motor 131 having a permanent magnet in the rotor and a compression mechanism 132, and the compression mechanism 132 is operated by the rotation of the synchronous motor 131 to compress the refrigerant gas.
  • This reciprocating compressor 13 corresponds to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and the motor rotor 1 shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the motor rotating shaft of the synchronous motor 131 shown in FIG. 3, and the connecting rod 2 shown in FIG.
  • the piston 3 and the cylinder 4 correspond to the compression mechanism 132 shown in FIG.
  • the synchronous motor 131 has a rotor force having a stator with a three-phase winding and a permanent magnet.
  • a rotor is generally composed of four or six pole permanent magnets arranged alternately with ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ S poles.
  • the number of rotations of the rotor of the synchronous motor 131 is 1Z2 of the inverter output frequency when the permanent magnet has 4 poles, and when the permanent magnet has a permanent magnet power pole. Is the inverter output frequency 1Z3. That is, the motor rotor 1 rotates 1Z2 or 1Z3 for one period of the frequency output from the inverter circuit 12. Therefore, the motor rotor 1 passes through the point where the load torque becomes the largest once every two or three periods of the frequency output from the inverter circuit 12.
  • the control unit 14 includes a position detection unit 141, a speed control unit 142, an output signal generation unit 143, a drive unit 144, and an activation control unit 145.
  • the control unit 14 receives a rotational speed command for rotating the synchronous motor 131 from an external device, and controls the output voltage and output frequency of the inverter circuit 12 so as to correspond to the rotational speed command.
  • the start control unit 145 generates and outputs a reverse rotation command for reversely rotating the synchronous motor 131 when both the external device force and the stop command state force are received. Thereafter, a normal rotation command for causing the synchronous motor 131 to rotate normally is output, and the synchronous motor 131 is accelerated.
  • the start control unit 145 when starting the synchronous motor 131, the start control unit 145 gives a reverse rotation command to the inverter circuit 12 for a predetermined time with a motor torque of a value that does not exceed the maximum value of the load torque. After the elapse of time, a forward rotation command is given. At this time, the activation control unit 145 moves the motor rotor angular position at the time of activation of the synchronous motor 131 to a position of ⁇ to 3 ⁇ 2 by giving a reverse rotation command for a predetermined time. The rotation command, reverse rotation command, and forward rotation command of the start control unit 145 are sent to the speed control unit 142.
  • the position detection unit 141 detects the position of the motor rotor angle of the synchronous motor 131 based on the output voltage and output current signals of the inverter circuit 12.
  • the voltage of the phase that is not conductive in the upper and lower sides among the six switching elements Q1 to Q6 is detected.
  • the phase is switched every ⁇ 6, and the position detector 141 outputs the phase switching information.
  • the speed control unit 142 calculates the rotation speed of the motor rotor 1 based on the phase switching information from the position detection unit 141.
  • the speed control unit 142 compares the rotational speed command from the activation control unit 145 with the motor rotational speed obtained by calculation, and according to the difference between the rotational speed command and the motor rotational speed, Find the output voltage that generates the motor torque.
  • the output signal generation unit 143 determines the pulse width of the output signal based on the output voltage from the speed control unit 142 and the phase switching information from the position detection unit 141, and the period in which the upper and lower switching elements are not conductive at the same time.
  • the output signal is output to the drive unit 144.
  • the command signal generated by the output signal generation unit 143 is output to the drive unit 144 to be driven.
  • the section 144 drives the switching elements Q1 to Q6 of the inverter circuit 12.
  • the control process when starting up the reciprocating compressor will be described in detail.
  • the inverter circuit 12 When driving a reciprocating compressor 13 used in a refrigerator / freezer, etc., with an inverter circuit 12, the inverter circuit 12 is used to perform the defrosting operation of the evaporator for lowering the set temperature in the refrigerator or for cooling. Is stopped several times a day.
  • T J X ( ⁇ ⁇ / dt) -TL...
  • FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the motor torque, load torque, and motor rotor rotation speed when a reverse rotation command is given once at the start of the reciprocating compressor and the motor rotor angular position is ⁇ -3 ⁇ ⁇ 2.
  • FIG. Figures 4 (a) and 5 (a) show the motor torque T, which is constant.
  • Figures 4 (b) and 5 (b) show the load torque TL.
  • 4 (c) and 5 (c) show the rotational speed ⁇ of the motor rotor 1.
  • synchronous motor 131 is activated by motor torque T to start acceleration.
  • T TL.
  • the synchronous motor 131 may stop due to the motor rotor angle 0.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing motor torque, load torque, and motor rotor angle when the reciprocating compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is started.
  • 6 (a) shows the motor torque T
  • FIG. 6 (b) shows the load torque TL
  • FIG. 6 (c) shows the motor rotor angle ⁇ of the motor rotor 1.
  • motor torque T is negative.
  • the frequency output by the inverter circuit 12 is set lower than the output frequency during normal forward rotation, and the motor torque T is set by the output voltage so as not to exceed the maximum value of the load torque TL. .
  • the rotational speed ⁇ of the motor rotor 1 decreases, and the motor torque T eventually overcomes the load torque TL, and the motor rotor 1 stops at time t3.
  • activation control unit 145 gives a normal rotation command to inverter circuit 12. As shown in Fig. 6 (a), the reverse rotation command is switched to the forward rotation command, and the time t4 force is activated during normal forward rotation.
  • the start control unit 145 when starting the synchronous motor 131, the start control unit 145 does not exceed the maximum load torque with respect to the inverter circuit 12. Since the reverse rotation command for reverse rotation with the value of the motor torque is given for a predetermined time, the synchronous motor 131 rotates reversely and load torque is applied, so that the rotation speed of the motor rotor 1 decreases and eventually the motor torque is loaded. Motor rotor 1 stops without overcoming the torque. Then, when a normal rotation command is given to the synchronous motor 131, the rotation direction becomes the load torque decreasing direction, and the synchronous motor 131 can be easily started without increasing the motor torque.
  • the motor rotor angular position at the time of starting the synchronous motor is moved to a position of ⁇ to 3 ⁇ Z2, and thus a normal rotation command
  • the rotation direction tends to decrease the load torque, and the synchronous motor can be easily started without increasing the motor torque.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing motor torque, load torque, and motor rotor angle when the reciprocating compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is started.
  • 7 (a) shows the motor torque T
  • FIG. 7 (b) shows the load torque TL
  • FIG. 7 (c) shows the motor rotor angle ⁇ of the motor rotor 1.
  • FIG. 7 (a) shows the motor torque T
  • FIG. 7 (b) shows the load torque TL
  • FIG. 7 (c) shows the motor rotor angle ⁇ of the motor rotor 1.
  • the activation control unit 14 provides a short-term stop command (stop period) after the reverse rotation command, and then gives a normal rotation command to start the normal rotation.
  • the normal startup method has a startup success rate of 50%.
  • the startup method 2 has a startup success rate of 100%.
  • the reciprocating compressor can be operated without fail using the torque due to inertia.
  • the force is not provided with a conventional current detection circuit, so the configuration is simple and inexpensive.
  • the stopping time until the restarting force of the reciprocating compressor normally installed can be shortened.
  • the start-up is successful even if the pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the reciprocating compressor is large.
  • the rate can be increased.
  • the present invention is applicable to a refrigerator-freezer and the like. Further, it is particularly useful for a multi-cylinder reciprocating compressor provided with a plurality of cylinders 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un contrôleur pour un compresseur réciproque qui contient un moteur synchrone pour commander le compresseur réciproque et ayant un aimant permanent comme rotor, un circuit d'inverseur pour commander le moteur synchrone et une section pour commander le circuit d'inverseur. La section de commande applique une commande de rotation inverse pour faire pivoter le moteur synchrone à l'inverse avec un couple de moteur ne dépassant pas la valeur maximum de couple de charge sur le circuit inverseur pour une durée prédéterminée lorsque le moteur synchrone est démarré et applique une commande de rotation avant pour faire pivoter le moteur synchrone vers l'avant au moment de l'écoulement du délai prédéterminé.
PCT/JP2007/056349 2006-03-27 2007-03-27 Appareil et procede pour commander un compresseur reciproque WO2007116730A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006086096A JP2007267451A (ja) 2006-03-27 2006-03-27 レシプロ式圧縮機の制御装置及び制御方法
JP2006-086096 2006-03-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007116730A1 true WO2007116730A1 (fr) 2007-10-18

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PCT/JP2007/056349 WO2007116730A1 (fr) 2006-03-27 2007-03-27 Appareil et procede pour commander un compresseur reciproque

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WO (1) WO2007116730A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5122366B2 (ja) * 2008-05-09 2013-01-16 シャープ株式会社 空気調和機
JP2015065730A (ja) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-09 日立工機株式会社 モータの起動制御装置および空気圧縮機
JP6322115B2 (ja) * 2014-10-03 2018-05-09 株式会社日立産機システム 気体圧縮装置およびその起動方法
CN114144585A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2022-03-04 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电机驱动装置和使用它的冷藏库

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60134783A (ja) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 往復動機器駆動電動機の起動制御装置
JPH11164584A (ja) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-18 Toshiba Corp モータ制御装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60134783A (ja) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 往復動機器駆動電動機の起動制御装置
JPH11164584A (ja) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-18 Toshiba Corp モータ制御装置

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