WO2007116160A1 - Cylinder head comprising a water core having a degassing part and method of producing such a cylinder head - Google Patents

Cylinder head comprising a water core having a degassing part and method of producing such a cylinder head Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007116160A1
WO2007116160A1 PCT/FR2007/050893 FR2007050893W WO2007116160A1 WO 2007116160 A1 WO2007116160 A1 WO 2007116160A1 FR 2007050893 W FR2007050893 W FR 2007050893W WO 2007116160 A1 WO2007116160 A1 WO 2007116160A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
water core
core
positive
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2007/050893
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Olivier Beisbardt
Bernard Camilleri
Original Assignee
Renault S.A.S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault S.A.S filed Critical Renault S.A.S
Priority to EP07731709A priority Critical patent/EP2002098A1/en
Publication of WO2007116160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007116160A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/028—Deaeration devices

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to cylinder heads of internal combustion engines.
  • Cooling systems generally used include a water core consisting of channels for circulating coolant in the cylinder head to cool the areas of the cylinder head with great thermal stress and around the elements interacting with the cylinder head such as the valves and the cylinder head. fuel injector.
  • the axis of the cylinder head is defined as being the axis passing through the centers of the heads of the cylinders.
  • a longitudinal circulation water core is configured to circulate the coolant in the cylinder head in a direction substantially parallel to the cylinder head axis, and a cross-flow water core is configured to circulate the coolant. in the cylinder head in a direction substantially transverse to the axis of the cylinder head.
  • a first problem stems from the fact that air bubbles remain stuck in the upper part of the water core of the cylinder head. In the absence of evacuation of these bubbles, that is to say degassing, the walls of the parts of the cylinder head in which these air bubbles accumulate are not cooled by the coolant.
  • a water outlet housing associated with the cylinder head located at a sufficiently high position to be able to recover the air bubbles and proceed to degassing the core. 'water. But, for cooling systems using a cross-flow water core, the coolant, coming from the cylinder block located below the cylinder head, passes through the water core transversely to the axis of the cylinder head and return to the cylinder block. The water outlet housing is then associated with the cylinder block and is located at a position too low to recover the air bubbles and allow the degassing of the water core.
  • a second problem is related to the realization of the water core of the cylinder head.
  • the water core is obtained by molding by producing a positive circulation channels of the cylinder head. This positive water core then comes to rely on a core of walls of the cylinder head to generate the cylinder head with the corresponding water core.
  • the upper part of the positive water core can be connected only on one side to the lower part of the positive core of water. water.
  • the upper part of the positive water core then rests on one side in the vacuum which makes the positive of the water core unstable. This instability may lead to a bad arrangement of the positive water core in the core walls and thus a bad configuration of the water core generated in the cylinder head.
  • the object of the present invention is to facilitate the degassing of the water core of the cylinder head and to improve the accuracy of the configuration of this water core in the cylinder head.
  • a method of manufacturing a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine which comprises the following steps:
  • the positive water core comprising a main portion and a protruding portion
  • the protuberant portion of the positive water core which rests on a portion of the core wall of the cylinder head allows, on the one hand, to ensure the stability of the positive water core in the core wall of the cylinder head.
  • the water core generated by the metal injection, then the destruction of the positive water core then has the desired configuration in the cylinder head.
  • the protruding portion of the positive water core generates, after destruction, a chamber having an opening in the cylinder head that allows to set up a degassing system.
  • the protuberant portion thus serves as a bearing or support of the positive water core and allows, once the water core is formed, the evacuation of air bubbles through the chamber that this protruding portion generates.
  • the method of manufacturing the cylinder head facilitates the degassing of the water core of the cylinder head and improve the accuracy of the configuration of the water core in the cylinder head.
  • said positive is produced such that said protruding part is the highest part of the positive of the water core, in a configuration of this positive corresponding to a normal configuration of use of the engine.
  • the high position of the protruding portion of the positive allows, during the production of the cylinder head and after destruction of the positive water core, to generate a chamber that is the highest part of the water core.
  • the air bubbles accumulate in this room and can be evacuated through the degassing system.
  • the evacuation of material constituting the positive of the water core is carried out by the corresponding protruding part of the water core.
  • the protruding part thus makes it possible, not only to stabilize the positive of the water core and to set up a simplified degassing system in the cylinder head, but also to generate a chamber having an opening opening out of the cylinder head through which the material constituting the positive of the water core can be evacuated.
  • the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder head water positive for molding such a cylinder head, having a main portion and a protruding bearing portion, wherein the protuberant portion of the positive is the portion the highest of the positive, in a positive configuration corresponding to a normal configuration of use of the engine.
  • the protruding portion of the positive water core may be supported on a portion of the core wall of the cylinder head to provide stability of the positive water core in the wall core of the cylinder head.
  • the high position of the protruding portion of the positive core can be used to set up in the corresponding part of the water core of the cylinder head a degassing system.
  • the invention finally relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder head, within which is formed a water core having a main portion and a protruding portion, wherein a degassing system is associated with said protruding portion.
  • the protruding portion of the water core is a chamber that allows to set up a degassing system.
  • the protruding portion of the water core is formed from a corresponding protruding solid portion of the positive water core that can be used in the manufacture of the positive water core support portion yoke. on the wall core of the cylinder head.
  • the protruding part of the water core is the highest part of the water core, in a normal configuration of use of the engine.
  • the air bubbles accumulate in the chamber formed by this protruding part and can be evacuated through the degassing system.
  • the main part of the water core comprising a lower part and an upper part, the lower part is connected to a first portion of the upper part and the protruding part is connected to a second portion. from the top of the water core.
  • the lower, upper, and protruding portions of the water core originate from the corresponding lower, upper, and protruding portions of the positive water core.
  • the protruding portion associated with the upper part of the positive water core ensures the stability of the upper part of the water core in the core of walls of the cylinder head .
  • the upper part of the positive water core has several bearing portions, direct and indirect, which allow to accurately position this upper part, and therefore the positive whole water core, in the core of walls of the cylinder head .
  • the first portion and the second portion of the upper portion of the water core are substantially distributed on either side of the center of the upper part of the water core.
  • the degassing system comprises a closure cap of the protruding portion corresponding water core and a degassing screw implanted in the closure cap.
  • the degassing system can be easily set up thanks to the chamber generated by the corresponding protruding portion of the water core and avoids drilling the upper part of the water core.
  • the degassing screw is located in the upper part of the closure plug.
  • the implantation of the degassing screw in the upper part of the closure plug makes it possible to evacuate the air bubbles that accumulate in the upper part of the chamber formed by the protruding portion of the water core.
  • the lower part of the cylinder head constituting the upper part of several aligned cylinders of the engine to which the cylinder head belongs the water core of the cylinder head is arranged in such a way that the circulation of water in the water core is made in a direction generally transverse to the direction of the axis passing through the centers of the cylinders.
  • the transverse circulation type water cores benefit from a simplified degassing system and a more precise configuration of the water core in the cylinder head.
  • Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of the positive of a water core of a cylinder head
  • FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the positive of the water core of FIG. 1 from another angle;
  • FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view of the positive water core positioned in a core wall of the cylinder head
  • FIG. 4 is a view of a portion of the cylinder head equipped with a degassing system.
  • FIGs 1 to 4 illustrate the implementation of a method of manufacturing a cylinder head 10 of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • This manufacturing method comprises firstly a step of producing a positive 7 of a water core of the cylinder head 10 which is intended to be positioned in a core of walls 20 of the cylinder head 10.
  • the positive 7 of the water core it is a solid element which comprises solid parts, here in resinated sand, whereas when one refers to the water core itself, it is a hollow volume consisting of circulation channels of the cylinder head 10 in which is intended to circulate the coolant, here water, and which have been generated by the solid parts of the positive 7 of the nucleus of water as described below.
  • the parts of the water core positive and the water core channels that correspond to these parts have the same reference.
  • the positive 7 of the water core is made by means of a mold of resinated sand and has a main part and a protruding part 6.
  • the main part of the positive 7 of the water core comprises a lower part 9 and a upper part 8.
  • the lower portion 9 of the positive 7 of the water core of the cylinder head has inlet portions 91, 92, 93.
  • the inlet portion 91 is extended by a lower peripheral portion 97 and the inlet portion 93 is extended by a lower peripheral portion 99 opposite, while the inlet portion 92 is extended by a lower central portion 98 to be positioned between exhaust valves 12,13 (see Figure 3) and close to A fuel injector 15.
  • the lower peripheral portions 97, 99 extend and join to form a lower peripheral portion 96 for surrounding intake valves 11, 14 (see Figure 3).
  • Two outlet portions 94, 95 opposite the inlet portions 91, 92, 93 relative to the center of the lower portion of the positive 7 of the water core are connected to the lower peripheral portion 96.
  • the lower central portion 98 is then extended by a central connecting portion 89, between the lower portion 9 and the upper portion 8 of the positive water core, opening on an upper central portion 72 surrounding the fuel injector 15 and passing between the exhaust valves 12, 13.
  • This upper central portion 72 is extended by a portion 74 intended to be positioned between the intake valves 1 1, 14.
  • peripheral portions 71, 73 On either side of the upper central portion 72 and part 74 of extension, there are provided peripheral portions 71, 73, connected to connecting portions 87, 88 between the lower portion 9 and the upper portion 8 of the positive 7 of the water core.
  • the protruding portion 6 is connected to the upper portion 8 of the positive 7 of the water core. More precisely, as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower part 9 carries a first portion P1 of the upper part 8 and the protruding part 6 is connected to a second portion P2 of the upper part 8 of the water core so as to to ensure the seating of the positive 7 of the water core in the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10.
  • the protruding portion 6 is connected to a second portion P2 located as far as possible from the first portion P1, taking into account of the bulk around the upper part 8 of the water core.
  • the protruding portion 6 is located angularly at 90 ° to the first portion P1 relative to the mean center of the upper portion 8 of the positive 7 water core.
  • the first portion P1 and the second portion P2 of the upper portion 8 of the positive water core are substantially distributed on both sides. other from the center of the upper part 8 of the positive 7 of the water core to allow optimizing the seat of the upper part 8 of the positive 7 of the water core in the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10.
  • the protruding portion 6 is of substantially cylindrical shape. In the drawing of Figure 1, we note that this protruding part 6 forms a bend. This elbow is made here so that the protruding portion 6 can bypass the various motor elements integrated in the cylinder head 10. Of course, in the absence of congestion problem in the cylinder head 10, the protruding portion 6 may be straight and / or of any shape.
  • this positive 7 of the water core of the cylinder head 10 is placed in position on or in the wall core 20 (or mold) of the cylinder head 10 (see FIG. 3).
  • the lower part of the cylinder head 10 constitutes the heads of several cylinders aligned along an axis which is called the axis of the cylinder head.
  • the lower central portion 98 is intended to be oriented substantially transversely to the axis of the yoke to be molded in the wall core 20.
  • a portion 61 of the protruding portion 6 is supported on a portion of the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10, and opens out of the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10.
  • the protruding portion 6 can be positioned in such a way that it is flush with this core of walls 20.
  • the protruding part 6 is associated with the main part of the positive 7 of the water core and positioned in the wall core 20 of the yoke 10 so as to generate, during the destruction of the positive of the water core, a chamber which is, in a normal configuration of use of the vehicle, the highest hollow part of the water core.
  • a normal configuration of use of the vehicle here corresponds to a position of the vehicle resting on a horizontal surface.
  • the engine, and thus the cylinder head is mounted in the vehicle by being inclined by about 8 degrees relative to the horizontal surface, so that the chamber generated by the protruding part 6 is the hollow part of the vehicle. higher of the water core.
  • the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10 is then closed and metal is injected into the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10.
  • the positive 7 of the water core is destroyed, which generates the water core described above.
  • the protruding portion 6 of the positive water core generates a chamber, also called corresponding protruding part of the water core, which has an opening opening out of the cylinder head.
  • the material is removed, here resinated sand constituting the positive 7 of the water core. This evacuation is here performed by the chamber generated by the protruding portion 6 of the positive water core.
  • the resinated sand parts of the positive 7 of the water core thus leave room in the cylinder head 10 for coolant circulation channels which form the water core of the cylinder head.
  • the walls of the chamber generated by the protruding portion 6 of the positive water core are defined by the metal that has been injected around the protruding portion 6.
  • the wall generated from the upper portion of the core The water forms a roof with a slope of the order of 8 degrees in the normal detailed configuration of use above.
  • a degassing system 51, 52 associated with the chamber generated by said part is set up. protruding 6.
  • the degassing system 51, 52 here comprises a closure cap 51 of the chamber generated by said protruding portion 6 and a degassing screw 52 implanted in the closure cap 51.
  • the degassing screw 52 is located in the upper part of the closure cap 51. It is also possible to machine the opening of the chamber generated by the protruding portion to obtain a precisely defined opening, that is to say precise dimensions.
  • the opening after machining can be conical or cylindrical. A precisely defined opening thus makes it possible to improve the accuracy of the installation of the degassing system and the seal between the cylinder head and the degassing system.
  • the water core of the cylinder head 10 and the degassing system 51, 52 are used in the following manner.
  • the water core is here designed so that the circulation of water in this water core is made in a direction substantially transverse to the direction of the axis of the cylinder head 10.
  • the pressurized water enters the water core of the cylinder head through the inlet channels 91, 92, 93.
  • the water from the inlet channel 91 is directed into the lower peripheral channel 97 and water from the inlet channel 93 is directed into the opposed lower peripheral channel 99 to cool the lower portion of the cylinder head surrounding the exhaust valves 12, 13, while the water from the inlet channel 92 is directed into the lower central channel 98 to cool the portion of the cylinder head near the fuel injector 15.
  • the lower peripheral channels 97 and 99 are of smaller section than the central channel lower 98, so the water circulates mainly through this lower central channel 98 oriented substantially transversely to the axis of the cylinder head 10.
  • the water is then guided in the central connecting channel 89 and fills the upper central channel 72 which allows and cooling the upper central part of the cylinder head surrounding the fuel injector and passing between the exhaust valves 12, 13. Then, the water passes through the channel 74 which extends the upper central channel 72 passing between the valves. 1 1, 14 and is also distributed in the peripheral channels 71, 73 of the upper part of the water core to descend into the cylinder block via the connection channels 87, 88 and the output channels 94, 95 connected to the peripheral lower channel 96.
  • the water enters the side of the cylinder head 10 which receives the exhaust valves 12, 13 and leaves the opposite side with respect to the axis of the cylinder head, near the intake valves 1 1, 14.
  • the air bubbles reach the upper part of the water core and slide, according to the arrow shown in Figure 1, on the inclined wall of the upper part of the water core.
  • water core to accumulate in the chamber generated by the protruding portion 6.
  • the bleed screw 52 can then be unscrewed periodically to evacuate the air bubbles.
  • the water core, and its operation, detailed above for a cylinder is generalizable to several cylinders.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine comprising a water core and method of producing such a cylinder head comprising the steps of making a mould pattern (7) to form a water core for the cylinder head (10), this water core pattern comprising a main part (8, 9) and a protruding part (6); positioning the pattern (7) of the cylinder head water core on a cylinder head wall (20) core, the protruding part resting on part of the cylinder head wall core; then, after closure of the cylinder head wall core, injecting metal into the cylinder head wall core; and destroying the water core pattern and evacuating the material constituting the water core pattern, the protruding part of the water core pattern generating a protruding part corresponding to the water core. The invention provides a step of fitting a degassing system (51, 52) connected to the corresponding protruding part of the water core.

Description

CULASSE COMPRENANT UN NOYAU D'EAU POURVU D'UNE PARTIE DE DÉGAZAGE ET PROCÈDE DE FABRICATION D'UNE TELLE CULASSE HEAD COMPRISING A WATER CORE PROVIDED WITH A DEGASSING PART AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAID HEAD
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE AUQUEL SE RAPPORTE L'INVENTION La présente invention concerne de manière générale les culasses de moteurs à combustion interne.TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES The present invention generally relates to cylinder heads of internal combustion engines.
Elle concerne plus particulièrement une culasse de moteur à combustion interne comprenant un noyau d'eau et un procédé de fabrication d'une telle culasse. ARRIÈRE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUEIt relates more particularly to an internal combustion engine cylinder head comprising a water core and a method of manufacturing such a cylinder head. TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
Actuellement, les moteurs ont une puissance volumique très élevée. Leurs conceptions s'approchent toujours davantage des limites de résistance des matériaux, aussi la moindre défaillance du système de refroidissement de ces moteurs peut avoir de graves conséquences. En particulier, dans de tels moteurs, la zone centrale de la culasse située à proximité de la chambre de combustion et des conduits d'échappement peut atteindre ou dépasser 230 °C, ce qui nécessite un système de refroidissement performant.Currently, engines have a very high power density. Their designs are becoming ever closer to the strength limits of materials, so even the slightest failure of the cooling system of these engines can have serious consequences. In particular, in such engines, the central zone of the cylinder head located near the combustion chamber and exhaust ducts can reach or exceed 230 ° C, which requires a powerful cooling system.
Les systèmes de refroidissement généralement utilisés comprennent un noyau d'eau constitué de canaux de circulation d'un liquide de refroidissement dans la culasse pour refroidir les zones de la culasse très sollicitées thermiquement et autour des éléments interagissant avec la culasse tels que les soupapes et l'injecteur de carburant.Cooling systems generally used include a water core consisting of channels for circulating coolant in the cylinder head to cool the areas of the cylinder head with great thermal stress and around the elements interacting with the cylinder head such as the valves and the cylinder head. fuel injector.
On distingue deux types de noyau d'eau, d'une part, les noyaux d'eau dits à circulation longitudinale et, d'autre part, ceux à circulation transversale, par rapport à l'axe de la culasse. On définit l'axe de la culasse comme étant l'axe passant par les centres des têtes des cylindres. Un noyau d'eau à circulation longitudinale est conçu pour que le liquide de refroidissement circule dans la culasse selon une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de la culasse et un noyau d'eau à circulation transversale est conçu pour que le liquide de refroidissement circule dans la culasse selon une direction sensiblement transversale à l'axe de la culasse.There are two types of water core, on the one hand, the so-called longitudinal water cores and, on the other hand, those with transverse circulation, with respect to the axis of the cylinder head. The axis of the cylinder head is defined as being the axis passing through the centers of the heads of the cylinders. A longitudinal circulation water core is configured to circulate the coolant in the cylinder head in a direction substantially parallel to the cylinder head axis, and a cross-flow water core is configured to circulate the coolant. in the cylinder head in a direction substantially transverse to the axis of the cylinder head.
Un premier problème provient du fait que des bulles d'air restent coincées dans la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau de la culasse. En l'absence d'évacuation de ces bulles, c'est-à-dire de dégazage, les parois des parties de la culasse dans lesquelles s'accumulent ces bulles d'air ne sont pas refroidies par le liquide de refroidissement.A first problem stems from the fact that air bubbles remain stuck in the upper part of the water core of the cylinder head. In the absence of evacuation of these bubbles, that is to say degassing, the walls of the parts of the cylinder head in which these air bubbles accumulate are not cooled by the coolant.
Pour les systèmes de refroidissement utilisant un noyau d'eau à circulation longitudinale, il est prévu un boîtier de sortie d'eau associé à la culasse situé à une position suffisamment haute pour pouvoir récupérer les bulles d'air et procéder au dégazage du noyau d'eau. Mais, pour les systèmes de refroidissement utilisant un noyau d'eau à circulation transversale, le liquide de refroidissement, issu du carter cylindre situé en dessous de la culasse, traverse le noyau d'eau transversalement par rapport à l'axe de la culasse et retourne dans le carter cylindre. Le boîtier de sortie d'eau est alors associé au carter cylindre et est situé à une position trop basse pour récupérer les bulles d'air et permettre le dégazage du noyau d'eau.For cooling systems using a water core with longitudinal circulation, there is provided a water outlet housing associated with the cylinder head located at a sufficiently high position to be able to recover the air bubbles and proceed to degassing the core. 'water. But, for cooling systems using a cross-flow water core, the coolant, coming from the cylinder block located below the cylinder head, passes through the water core transversely to the axis of the cylinder head and return to the cylinder block. The water outlet housing is then associated with the cylinder block and is located at a position too low to recover the air bubbles and allow the degassing of the water core.
Pour résoudre ce premier problème, il est connu de percer la culasse dans la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau, c'est-à-dire là où vont s'accumuler les bulles d'air. Cependant cette solution nécessite une étape de perçage supplémentaire ce qui augmente les coûts de fabrication de la culasse. De plus, l'opération de perçage est compliquée du fait qu'elle doit préserver l'intégrité des différentes parties de la culasse et des éléments du moteur autour du noyau d'eau. Un deuxième problème est lié à la réalisation du noyau d'eau de la culasse. Le noyau d'eau est obtenu par moulage en réalisant un positif des canaux de circulation de la culasse. Ce positif du noyau d'eau vient ensuite s'appuyer sur un noyau de parois de la culasse pour générer la culasse avec le noyau d'eau correspondant. Or, pour des raisons d'encombrement dans la culasse autour du noyau d'eau à réaliser, la partie supérieure du positif du noyau d'eau peut n'être reliée que d'un côté à la partie inférieure du positif du noyau d'eau. La partie supérieure du positif du noyau d'eau repose alors d'un côté dans le vide ce qui rend le positif du noyau d'eau instable. Cette instabilité risque d'entraîner une mauvaise disposition du positif du noyau d'eau dans le noyau de parois et donc une mauvaise configuration du noyau d'eau généré dans la culasse.To solve this first problem, it is known to pierce the cylinder head in the upper part of the water core, that is to say where will accumulate air bubbles. However, this solution requires an additional drilling step which increases the manufacturing costs of the cylinder head. In addition, the drilling operation is complicated because it must preserve the integrity of the different parts of the cylinder head and engine elements around the water core. A second problem is related to the realization of the water core of the cylinder head. The water core is obtained by molding by producing a positive circulation channels of the cylinder head. This positive water core then comes to rely on a core of walls of the cylinder head to generate the cylinder head with the corresponding water core. However, for reasons of space in the cylinder head around the water core to be made, the upper part of the positive water core can be connected only on one side to the lower part of the positive core of water. water. The upper part of the positive water core then rests on one side in the vacuum which makes the positive of the water core unstable. This instability may lead to a bad arrangement of the positive water core in the core walls and thus a bad configuration of the water core generated in the cylinder head.
OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Le but de la présente invention est de faciliter le dégazage du noyau d'eau de la culasse et d'améliorer la précision de la configuration de ce noyau d'eau dans la culasse. À cet effet, on propose selon l'invention un procédé de fabrication d'une culasse de moteur à combustion interne qui comporte les étapes suivantes :The object of the present invention is to facilitate the degassing of the water core of the cylinder head and to improve the accuracy of the configuration of this water core in the cylinder head. For this purpose, it is proposed according to the invention a method of manufacturing a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine which comprises the following steps:
- réalisation d'un positif de moule pour la formation d'un noyau d'eau de la culasse, ce positif du noyau d'eau comportant une partie principale et une partie protubérante,- producing a mold positive for forming a water core of the cylinder head, the positive water core comprising a main portion and a protruding portion,
- mise en position du positif du noyau d'eau de la culasse sur un noyau de parois de la culasse, la partie protubérante étant en appui sur une partie du noyau de parois de la culasse,- Positive positioning of the water core of the cylinder head on a core wall of the cylinder head, the protruding portion being supported on a portion of the core wall of the cylinder head,
- après fermeture du noyau de parois de la culasse, injection de métal dans le noyau de parois de la culasse,- after closing the core of the cylinder head walls, injecting metal into the core of the walls of the cylinder head,
- destruction du positif du noyau d'eau et évacuation de la matière constituant le positif du noyau d'eau, la partie protubérante du positif du noyau d'eau générant une partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau,- Destruction of the positive water core and evacuation of the material constituting the positive water core, the protruding portion of the positive water core generating a corresponding protruding portion of the water core,
- mise en place d'un système de dégazage associé à la partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau.- Establishment of a degassing system associated with the corresponding protruding portion of the water core.
La partie protubérante du positif du noyau d'eau qui s'appuie sur une partie du noyau de parois de la culasse permet, d'une part, d'assurer la stabilité du positif du noyau d'eau dans le noyau de parois de la culasse. Le noyau d'eau généré par l'injection de métal, puis la destruction du positif du noyau d'eau, présente alors la configuration souhaitée dans la culasse. D'autre part, la partie protubérante du positif du noyau d'eau génère, après sa destruction, une chambre présentant une ouverture dans la culasse qui permet de mettre en place un système de dégazage. La partie protubérante sert donc de portée ou d'appui du positif du noyau d'eau et permet, une fois le noyau d'eau réalisé, l'évacuation de bulles d'air par la chambre que cette partie protubérante génère.The protuberant portion of the positive water core which rests on a portion of the core wall of the cylinder head allows, on the one hand, to ensure the stability of the positive water core in the core wall of the cylinder head. The water core generated by the metal injection, then the destruction of the positive water core, then has the desired configuration in the cylinder head. On the other hand, the protruding portion of the positive water core generates, after destruction, a chamber having an opening in the cylinder head that allows to set up a degassing system. The protuberant portion thus serves as a bearing or support of the positive water core and allows, once the water core is formed, the evacuation of air bubbles through the chamber that this protruding portion generates.
Ainsi, le procédé de fabrication de la culasse permet de faciliter le dégazage du noyau d'eau de la culasse et d'améliorer la précision de la configuration de ce noyau d'eau dans la culasse.Thus, the method of manufacturing the cylinder head facilitates the degassing of the water core of the cylinder head and improve the accuracy of the configuration of the water core in the cylinder head.
Selon une première caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, on réalise ledit positif de telle sorte que ladite partie protubérante est la partie la plus élevée du positif du noyau d'eau, dans une configuration de ce positif correspondant à une configuration normale d'utilisation du moteur.According to a first advantageous characteristic of the invention, said positive is produced such that said protruding part is the highest part of the positive of the water core, in a configuration of this positive corresponding to a normal configuration of use of the engine.
La position haute de la partie protubérante du positif permet, lors de la réalisation de la culasse et après destruction du positif du noyau d'eau, de générer une chambre qui est la partie la plus haute du noyau d'eau. Les bulles d'air s'accumulent alors dans cette chambre et peuvent être évacuées grâce au système de dégazage.The high position of the protruding portion of the positive allows, during the production of the cylinder head and after destruction of the positive water core, to generate a chamber that is the highest part of the water core. The air bubbles accumulate in this room and can be evacuated through the degassing system.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, l'évacuation de matière constituant le positif du noyau d'eau est réalisée par la partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the evacuation of material constituting the positive of the water core is carried out by the corresponding protruding part of the water core.
La partie protubérante permet ainsi, non seulement de stabiliser le positif du noyau d'eau et de mettre en place un système de dégazage simplifié dans la culasse, mais encore, de générer une chambre présentant une ouverture débouchant hors de la culasse par laquelle la matière constituant le positif du noyau d'eau peut être évacuée.The protruding part thus makes it possible, not only to stabilize the positive of the water core and to set up a simplified degassing system in the cylinder head, but also to generate a chamber having an opening opening out of the cylinder head through which the material constituting the positive of the water core can be evacuated.
L'invention concerne également un positif de noyau d'eau de culasse de moteur à combustion interne pour le moulage d'une telle culasse, comportant une partie principale et une partie protubérante d'appui, dans lequel la partie protubérante du positif est la partie la plus élevée du positif, dans une configuration du positif correspondant à une configuration normale d'utilisation du moteur.The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder head water positive for molding such a cylinder head, having a main portion and a protruding bearing portion, wherein the protuberant portion of the positive is the portion the highest of the positive, in a positive configuration corresponding to a normal configuration of use of the engine.
Lors du moulage de la culasse, la partie protubérante du positif du noyau d'eau peut être mise en appui sur une partie du noyau de parois de la culasse pour assurer la stabilité du positif du noyau d'eau dans le noyau de parois de la culasse. En outre, la position haute de la partie protubérante du positif du noyau peut servir à mettre en place, dans la partie correspondante du noyau d'eau de la culasse un système de dégazage.When molding the yoke, the protruding portion of the positive water core may be supported on a portion of the core wall of the cylinder head to provide stability of the positive water core in the wall core of the cylinder head. cylinder head. In addition, the high position of the protruding portion of the positive core can be used to set up in the corresponding part of the water core of the cylinder head a degassing system.
L'invention concerne enfin une culasse de moteur à combustion interne, à l'intérieur de laquelle est ménagé un noyau d'eau comportant une partie principale et une partie protubérante, dans laquelle un système de dégazage est associé à ladite partie protubérante.The invention finally relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder head, within which is formed a water core having a main portion and a protruding portion, wherein a degassing system is associated with said protruding portion.
La partie protubérante du noyau d'eau constitue une chambre qui permet de mettre en place un système de dégazage. En outre, la partie protubérante du noyau d'eau est formée à partir d'une partie solide protubérante correspondante du positif du noyau d'eau qui peut servir lors de fabrication de la culasse de partie d'appui du positif du noyau d'eau sur le noyau de paroi de la culasse. Ainsi, la culasse selon l'invention permet de faciliter le dégazage du noyau d'eau de la culasse et d'améliorer la précision de la configuration de ce noyau d'eau dans la culasse.The protruding portion of the water core is a chamber that allows to set up a degassing system. In addition, the protruding portion of the water core is formed from a corresponding protruding solid portion of the positive water core that can be used in the manufacture of the positive water core support portion yoke. on the wall core of the cylinder head. Thus, the cylinder head according to the invention makes it possible to facilitate the degassing of the water core of the cylinder head and to improve the accuracy of the configuration of this water core in the cylinder head.
Selon une première caractéristique avantageuse de la culasse selon l'invention, la partie protubérante du noyau d'eau est la partie la plus élevée du noyau d'eau, dans une configuration normale d'utilisation du moteur.According to a first advantageous characteristic of the cylinder head according to the invention, the protruding part of the water core is the highest part of the water core, in a normal configuration of use of the engine.
Grâce à la position haute de la partie protubérante du noyau d'eau, les bulles d'air s'accumulent alors dans la chambre formée par cette partie protubérante et peuvent être évacuées grâce au système de dégazage. Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la partie principale du noyau d'eau comportant une partie inférieure et une partie supérieure, la partie inférieure est reliée à une première portion de la partie supérieure et la partie protubérante est reliée à une deuxième portion de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau. Les parties inférieure, supérieure, et la partie protubérante du noyau d'eau proviennent des parties inférieure, supérieure, et protubérante correspondantes du positif du noyau d'eau. Ainsi, lors de la réalisation de la culasse par moulage, la partie protubérante associée à la partie supérieure du positif du noyau d'eau permet d'assurer la stabilité de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau dans le noyau de parois de la culasse. La partie supérieure du positif du noyau d'eau présente plusieurs portions d'appui, directe et indirecte, qui permettent de positionner avec précision cette partie supérieure, et donc le positif du noyau d'eau entier, dans le noyau de parois de la culasse.Thanks to the high position of the protruding part of the water core, the air bubbles accumulate in the chamber formed by this protruding part and can be evacuated through the degassing system. According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the main part of the water core comprising a lower part and an upper part, the lower part is connected to a first portion of the upper part and the protruding part is connected to a second portion. from the top of the water core. The lower, upper, and protruding portions of the water core originate from the corresponding lower, upper, and protruding portions of the positive water core. Thus, when producing the cylinder head by molding, the protruding portion associated with the upper part of the positive water core ensures the stability of the upper part of the water core in the core of walls of the cylinder head . The upper part of the positive water core has several bearing portions, direct and indirect, which allow to accurately position this upper part, and therefore the positive whole water core, in the core of walls of the cylinder head .
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la première portion et la deuxième portion de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau sont sensiblement réparties de part et d'autre du centre de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the first portion and the second portion of the upper portion of the water core are substantially distributed on either side of the center of the upper part of the water core.
Ainsi, encore lors du moulage, la partie supérieure du positif du noyau d'eau étant en appui sur des portions diamétralement opposées, l'assise de cette partie supérieure du positif du noyau d'eau, et donc du positif du noyau d'eau entier, dans le noyau de parois de la culasse est améliorée.Thus, still during molding, the upper part of the positive water core being supported on diametrically opposite portions, the seat of this upper part of the positive water core, and therefore the positive water core whole, in the wall core of the cylinder head is improved.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le système de dégazage comporte un bouchon d'obturation de la partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau et une vis de dégazage implantée dans le bouchon d'obturation.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the degassing system comprises a closure cap of the protruding portion corresponding water core and a degassing screw implanted in the closure cap.
Ainsi, le système de dégazage peut être aisément mis en place grâce à la chambre générée par la partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau et permet d'éviter le perçage de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau.Thus, the degassing system can be easily set up thanks to the chamber generated by the corresponding protruding portion of the water core and avoids drilling the upper part of the water core.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la vis de dégazage est implantée dans la partie haute du bouchon d'obturation.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the degassing screw is located in the upper part of the closure plug.
Ainsi, l'implantation de la vis de dégazage dans la partie haute du bouchon d'obturation permet d'évacuer les bulles d'air qui s'accumulent dans la partie haute de la chambre formée par la partie protubérante du noyau d'eau.Thus, the implantation of the degassing screw in the upper part of the closure plug makes it possible to evacuate the air bubbles that accumulate in the upper part of the chamber formed by the protruding portion of the water core.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la partie inférieure de la culasse constituant la partie supérieure de plusieurs cylindres alignés du moteur auquel appartient la culasse, le noyau d'eau de la culasse est agencé de telle sorte que la circulation d'eau dans le noyau d'eau soit réalisée selon une direction globalement transversale à la direction de l'axe passant par les centres des cylindres.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the lower part of the cylinder head constituting the upper part of several aligned cylinders of the engine to which the cylinder head belongs, the water core of the cylinder head is arranged in such a way that the circulation of water in the water core is made in a direction generally transverse to the direction of the axis passing through the centers of the cylinders.
Grâce au procédé selon l'invention, les noyaux d'eau de type à circulation transversale bénéficient d'un système de dégazage simplifié et d'une configuration du noyau d'eau dans la culasse plus précise. DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE D'UN EXEMPLE DE RÉALISATIONThanks to the method according to the invention, the transverse circulation type water cores benefit from a simplified degassing system and a more precise configuration of the water core in the cylinder head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT
La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés d'un mode de réalisation, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée.The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings of an embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be achieved.
Sur les dessins annexés : - la figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective du positif d'un noyau d'eau d'une culasse ;In the accompanying drawings: - Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of the positive of a water core of a cylinder head;
- la figure 2 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective du positif du noyau d'eau de la figure 1 sous un autre angle;FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the positive of the water core of FIG. 1 from another angle;
- la figure 3 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective du positif du noyau d'eau positionné dans un noyau de parois de la culasse ;- Figure 3 is an overall perspective view of the positive water core positioned in a core wall of the cylinder head;
- la figure 4 est une vue d'une partie de la culasse équipée d'un système de dégazage.- Figure 4 is a view of a portion of the cylinder head equipped with a degassing system.
Les figures 1 à 4 illustrent la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de fabrication d'une culasse 10 de moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile. Ce procédé de fabrication comporte tout d'abord une étape de réalisation d'un positif 7 d'un noyau d'eau de la culasse 10 qui est destiné à être mis en position dans un noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10. Lorsqu'il est fait référence au positif 7 du noyau d'eau, il s'agit d'un élément solide qui comprend des parties solides, ici en sable résiné, tandis que lorsque l'on fait référence au noyau d'eau lui-même, il s'agit d'un volume creux constitué de canaux de circulation de la culasse 10 dans lesquels est destiné à circuler le liquide de refroidissement, ici de l'eau, et qui ont été générés par les parties solides du positif 7 du noyau d'eau comme décrit ci-dessous. Pour faciliter la compréhension et la lecture, les parties du positif du noyau d'eau et les canaux du noyau d'eau qui correspondent à ces parties portent les mêmes référence.Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the implementation of a method of manufacturing a cylinder head 10 of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. This manufacturing method comprises firstly a step of producing a positive 7 of a water core of the cylinder head 10 which is intended to be positioned in a core of walls 20 of the cylinder head 10. When it is referred to the positive 7 of the water core, it is a solid element which comprises solid parts, here in resinated sand, whereas when one refers to the water core itself, it is a hollow volume consisting of circulation channels of the cylinder head 10 in which is intended to circulate the coolant, here water, and which have been generated by the solid parts of the positive 7 of the nucleus of water as described below. For ease of understanding and reading, the parts of the water core positive and the water core channels that correspond to these parts have the same reference.
Le positif 7 du noyau d'eau est réalisé au moyen d'un moule en sable résiné et comporte une partie principale ainsi qu'une partie protubérante 6. La partie principale du positif 7 du noyau d'eau comporte une partie inférieure 9 et une partie supérieure 8.The positive 7 of the water core is made by means of a mold of resinated sand and has a main part and a protruding part 6. The main part of the positive 7 of the water core comprises a lower part 9 and a upper part 8.
La partie inférieure 9 du positif 7 du noyau d'eau de la culasse comporte des parties d'entrée 91 , 92, 93. En particulier, la partie d'entrée 91 est prolongée par une partie périphérique inférieure 97 et la partie d'entrée 93 est prolongée par une partie périphérique inférieure 99 opposée, tandis que la partie d'entrée 92 est prolongée par une partie centrale inférieure 98 destinée à être positionnée entre des soupapes d'échappement 12,13 (voir figure 3) et à proximité d'un injecteur de carburant 15. Les parties périphériques inférieures 97, 99 se prolongent et se rejoignent pour former une partie périphérique inférieure 96 destinée à entourer des soupapes d'admission 1 1 , 14 (voir figure 3). Deux parties de sortie 94, 95 opposées aux parties d'entrée 91 , 92, 93 par rapport au centre de la partie inférieure du positif 7 du noyau d'eau sont reliées à la partie périphérique inférieure 96.The lower portion 9 of the positive 7 of the water core of the cylinder head has inlet portions 91, 92, 93. In particular, the inlet portion 91 is extended by a lower peripheral portion 97 and the inlet portion 93 is extended by a lower peripheral portion 99 opposite, while the inlet portion 92 is extended by a lower central portion 98 to be positioned between exhaust valves 12,13 (see Figure 3) and close to A fuel injector 15. The lower peripheral portions 97, 99 extend and join to form a lower peripheral portion 96 for surrounding intake valves 11, 14 (see Figure 3). Two outlet portions 94, 95 opposite the inlet portions 91, 92, 93 relative to the center of the lower portion of the positive 7 of the water core are connected to the lower peripheral portion 96.
La partie centrale inférieure 98 est ensuite prolongée par une partie centrale de raccordement 89, entre la partie inférieure 9 et la partie supérieure 8 du positif du noyau d'eau, débouchant sur une partie centrale supérieure 72 entourant l'injecteur de carburant 15 et passant entre les soupapes d'échappement 12, 13. Cette partie centrale supérieure 72 est prolongée par une partie 74 destinée à être positionnée entre les soupapes d'admission 1 1 , 14. De part et d'autre de la partie centrale supérieure 72 et de la partie 74 de prolongement, il est prévu des parties périphériques 71 , 73, reliées à des parties de raccordement 87, 88 entre la partie inférieure 9 et la partie supérieure 8 du positif 7 du noyau d'eau.The lower central portion 98 is then extended by a central connecting portion 89, between the lower portion 9 and the upper portion 8 of the positive water core, opening on an upper central portion 72 surrounding the fuel injector 15 and passing between the exhaust valves 12, 13. This upper central portion 72 is extended by a portion 74 intended to be positioned between the intake valves 1 1, 14. On either side of the upper central portion 72 and part 74 of extension, there are provided peripheral portions 71, 73, connected to connecting portions 87, 88 between the lower portion 9 and the upper portion 8 of the positive 7 of the water core.
La partie protubérante 6 est reliée à la partie supérieure 8 du positif 7 du noyau d'eau. Plus précisément, comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, la partie inférieure 9 porte une première portion P1 de la partie supérieure 8 et la partie protubérante 6 est reliée à une deuxième portion P2 de la partie supérieure 8 du noyau d'eau de manière à assurer l'assise du positif 7 du noyau d'eau dans le noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10. Ici, la partie protubérante 6 est reliée à une deuxième portion P2 située le plus loin possible de la première portion P1 , compte tenu de l'encombrement autour de la partie supérieure 8 du noyau d'eau. Ainsi, sur la figure 1 , la partie protubérante 6 est située angulairement à 90° de la première portion P1 par rapport au centre moyen de la partie supérieure 8 du positif 7 noyau d'eau. Préférentiellement, en l'absence de problème d'encombrement dans la culasse 10 autour du noyau d'eau, la première portion P1 et la deuxième portion P2 de la partie supérieure 8 du positif du noyau d'eau sont sensiblement réparties de part et d'autre du centre de la partie supérieure 8 du positif 7 du noyau d'eau pour permettre d'optimiser l'assise de la partie supérieure 8 du positif 7 du noyau d'eau dans le noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10.The protruding portion 6 is connected to the upper portion 8 of the positive 7 of the water core. More precisely, as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower part 9 carries a first portion P1 of the upper part 8 and the protruding part 6 is connected to a second portion P2 of the upper part 8 of the water core so as to to ensure the seating of the positive 7 of the water core in the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10. Here, the protruding portion 6 is connected to a second portion P2 located as far as possible from the first portion P1, taking into account of the bulk around the upper part 8 of the water core. Thus, in FIG. 1, the protruding portion 6 is located angularly at 90 ° to the first portion P1 relative to the mean center of the upper portion 8 of the positive 7 water core. Preferably, in the absence of congestion problem in the cylinder head 10 around the water core, the first portion P1 and the second portion P2 of the upper portion 8 of the positive water core are substantially distributed on both sides. other from the center of the upper part 8 of the positive 7 of the water core to allow optimizing the seat of the upper part 8 of the positive 7 of the water core in the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10.
La partie protubérante 6 est de forme sensiblement cylindrique. Sur le dessin de la figure 1 , on remarque que cette partie protubérante 6 forme un coude. Ce coude est réalisé, ici, pour que la partie protubérante 6 puisse contourner les différents éléments du moteur intégrés dans la culasse 10. Bien entendu, en l'absence de problème d'encombrement dans la culasse 10, la partie protubérante 6 peut être rectiligne et/ ou de forme quelconque.The protruding portion 6 is of substantially cylindrical shape. In the drawing of Figure 1, we note that this protruding part 6 forms a bend. This elbow is made here so that the protruding portion 6 can bypass the various motor elements integrated in the cylinder head 10. Of course, in the absence of congestion problem in the cylinder head 10, the protruding portion 6 may be straight and / or of any shape.
Une fois le positif 7 du noyau d'eau de la culasse 10 réalisé, ce positif 7 du noyau d'eau est mis en position sur, ou dans, le noyau de parois 20 (ou moule), de la culasse 10 (voir figure 3). La partie inférieure de la culasse 10 constitue les têtes de plusieurs cylindres alignées selon un axe qui est appelé axe de la culasse. La partie centrale inférieure 98 est destinée à être orientée sensiblement transversalement à l'axe de la culasse qui doit être moulée dans le noyau de parois 20. Une portion 61 de la partie protubérante 6 est en appui sur une partie du noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10, et débouche hors du noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10. En variante, on peut positionner la partie protubérante 6 de telle sorte qu'elle affleure ce noyau de parois 20. La partie protubérante 6 est associée à la partie principale du positif 7 du noyau d'eau et positionnée dans le noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10 de manière à générer, lors de la destruction du positif du noyau d'eau, une chambre qui est, dans une configuration normale d'utilisation du véhicule, la partie creuse la plus élevée du noyau d'eau. Une configuration normale d'utilisation du véhicule correspond ici à une position du véhicule reposant sur une surface horizontale. Pour une telle configuration, le moteur, et donc la culasse, est monté dans le véhicule en étant incliné d'environ 8 degrés par rapport à la surface horizontale, de telle sorte que la chambre générée par la partie protubérante 6 soit la partie creuse la plus élevée du noyau d'eau. On procède alors à la fermeture du noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10 et on injecte du métal dans le noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10.Once the positive 7 of the water core of the cylinder head 10 is produced, this positive 7 of the water core is placed in position on or in the wall core 20 (or mold) of the cylinder head 10 (see FIG. 3). The lower part of the cylinder head 10 constitutes the heads of several cylinders aligned along an axis which is called the axis of the cylinder head. The lower central portion 98 is intended to be oriented substantially transversely to the axis of the yoke to be molded in the wall core 20. A portion 61 of the protruding portion 6 is supported on a portion of the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10, and opens out of the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10. Alternatively, the protruding portion 6 can be positioned in such a way that it is flush with this core of walls 20. The protruding part 6 is associated with the main part of the positive 7 of the water core and positioned in the wall core 20 of the yoke 10 so as to generate, during the destruction of the positive of the water core, a chamber which is, in a normal configuration of use of the vehicle, the highest hollow part of the water core. A normal configuration of use of the vehicle here corresponds to a position of the vehicle resting on a horizontal surface. For such a configuration, the engine, and thus the cylinder head, is mounted in the vehicle by being inclined by about 8 degrees relative to the horizontal surface, so that the chamber generated by the protruding part 6 is the hollow part of the vehicle. higher of the water core. The wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10 is then closed and metal is injected into the wall core 20 of the cylinder head 10.
Une fois que le métal a pris la forme souhaitée dans le noyau de parois 20 de la culasse 10, on détruit le positif 7 du noyau d'eau, ce qui génère le noyau d'eau décrit précédemment. En particulier, la partie protubérante 6 du positif du noyau d'eau génère une chambre, encore appelée partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau, qui présente une ouverture débouchant hors de la culasse. Puis on évacue la matière, ici du sable résiné, constituant le positif 7 du noyau d'eau. Cette évacuation est ici réalisée par la chambre générée par la partie protubérante 6 du positif du noyau d'eau. Les parties en sable résiné du positif 7 du noyau d'eau laissent ainsi place dans la culasse 10 à des canaux de circulation du liquide de refroidissement qui forment le noyau d'eau de la culasse. En particulier, les parois de la chambre générée par la partie protubérante 6 du positif du noyau d'eau sont définies par le métal qui a été injecté autour de la partie protubérante 6. En outre, la paroi générée de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau forme un toit qui présente une pente de l'ordre de 8 degrés dans la configuration normale d'utilisation détaillée ci- dessus.Once the metal has taken the desired shape in the wall core 20 of the yoke 10, the positive 7 of the water core is destroyed, which generates the water core described above. In particular, the protruding portion 6 of the positive water core generates a chamber, also called corresponding protruding part of the water core, which has an opening opening out of the cylinder head. Then the material is removed, here resinated sand constituting the positive 7 of the water core. This evacuation is here performed by the chamber generated by the protruding portion 6 of the positive water core. The resinated sand parts of the positive 7 of the water core thus leave room in the cylinder head 10 for coolant circulation channels which form the water core of the cylinder head. In particular, the walls of the chamber generated by the protruding portion 6 of the positive water core are defined by the metal that has been injected around the protruding portion 6. In addition, the wall generated from the upper portion of the core The water forms a roof with a slope of the order of 8 degrees in the normal detailed configuration of use above.
Enfin, comme représenté sur la figure 4, on procède à la mise en place d'un système de dégazage 51 ,52 associé à la chambre générée par ladite partie protubérante 6. Le système de dégazage 51 ,52 comporte ici un bouchon d'obturation 51 de la chambre générée par ladite partie protubérante 6 et une vis de dégazage 52 implantée dans le bouchon d'obturation 51 . La vis de dégazage 52 est implantée dans la partie haute du bouchon d'obturation 51 . II est également possible d'usiner l'ouverture de la chambre générée par la partie protubérante afin d'obtenir une ouverture précisément définie, c'est-à-dire de cotes précises. L'ouverture après usinage peut être conique ou cylindrique. Une ouverture précisément définie permet ainsi d'améliorer la précision de la mise en place du système de dégazage et l'étanchéité entre la culasse et la système de dégazage.Finally, as shown in FIG. 4, a degassing system 51, 52 associated with the chamber generated by said part is set up. protruding 6. The degassing system 51, 52 here comprises a closure cap 51 of the chamber generated by said protruding portion 6 and a degassing screw 52 implanted in the closure cap 51. The degassing screw 52 is located in the upper part of the closure cap 51. It is also possible to machine the opening of the chamber generated by the protruding portion to obtain a precisely defined opening, that is to say precise dimensions. The opening after machining can be conical or cylindrical. A precisely defined opening thus makes it possible to improve the accuracy of the installation of the degassing system and the seal between the cylinder head and the degassing system.
En fonctionnement, le noyau d'eau de la culasse 10 et le système de dégazage 51 ,52 sont utilisés de la manière suivante.In operation, the water core of the cylinder head 10 and the degassing system 51, 52 are used in the following manner.
Le noyau d'eau est ici conçu de telle sorte que la circulation d'eau dans ce noyau d'eau est réalisée selon une direction sensiblement transversale à la direction de l'axe de la culasse 10.The water core is here designed so that the circulation of water in this water core is made in a direction substantially transverse to the direction of the axis of the cylinder head 10.
L'eau sous pression, issue du carter cylindre situé sous la culasse, entre dans le noyau d'eau de la culasse par les canaux d'entrée 91 , 92, 93. En particulier, l'eau issue du canal d'entrée 91 est dirigée dans le canal périphérique inférieur 97 et l'eau issue du canal d'entrée 93 est dirigée dans le canal périphérique inférieur opposé 99 pour refroidir la partie inférieure de la culasse qui entourent les soupapes d'échappement 12, 13, tandis que l'eau issue du canal d'entrée 92 est dirigée dans le canal central inférieur 98 pour refroidir la partie de la culasse à proximité de l'injecteur de carburant 15. Les canaux périphériques inférieurs 97 et 99 sont de section plus faible que le canal central inférieur 98, donc l'eau circule principalement par ce canal central inférieur 98 orienté sensiblement transversalement à l'axe de la culasse 10. L'eau est alors guidée dans le canal de raccordement central 89 et remplit le canal central supérieur 72 ce qui permet de refroidir la partie centrale supérieure de la culasse entourant l'injecteur de carburant et passant entre les soupapes d'échappement 12, 13. Puis, l'eau traverse le canal 74 qui prolonge le canal central supérieur 72 en passant entre les soupapes d'admission 1 1 , 14 et est également répartie dans les canaux périphériques 71 , 73 de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau pour redescendre dans le carter cylindre via les canaux de raccordements 87, 88 puis les canaux de sortie 94, 95 reliés au canal inférieur périphérique 96. Ainsi, l'eau entre du côté de la culasse 10 qui accueille les soupapes d'échappement 12, 13 et ressort du côté opposé par rapport à l'axe de la culasse, à proximité des soupapes d'admission 1 1 , 14.The pressurized water, from the cylinder block located under the cylinder head, enters the water core of the cylinder head through the inlet channels 91, 92, 93. In particular, the water from the inlet channel 91 is directed into the lower peripheral channel 97 and water from the inlet channel 93 is directed into the opposed lower peripheral channel 99 to cool the lower portion of the cylinder head surrounding the exhaust valves 12, 13, while the water from the inlet channel 92 is directed into the lower central channel 98 to cool the portion of the cylinder head near the fuel injector 15. The lower peripheral channels 97 and 99 are of smaller section than the central channel lower 98, so the water circulates mainly through this lower central channel 98 oriented substantially transversely to the axis of the cylinder head 10. The water is then guided in the central connecting channel 89 and fills the upper central channel 72 which allows and cooling the upper central part of the cylinder head surrounding the fuel injector and passing between the exhaust valves 12, 13. Then, the water passes through the channel 74 which extends the upper central channel 72 passing between the valves. 1 1, 14 and is also distributed in the peripheral channels 71, 73 of the upper part of the water core to descend into the cylinder block via the connection channels 87, 88 and the output channels 94, 95 connected to the peripheral lower channel 96. Thus, the water enters the side of the cylinder head 10 which receives the exhaust valves 12, 13 and leaves the opposite side with respect to the axis of the cylinder head, near the intake valves 1 1, 14.
Lors de la circulation de l'eau dans ce noyau d'eau, les bulles d'air atteignent la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau et glissent, suivant la flèche représentée sur la figure 1 , sur la paroi inclinée de la partie supérieure du noyau d'eau pour venir s'accumuler dans la chambre générée par la partie protubérante 6. La vis de purge 52 peut alors être dévissée périodiquement pour évacuer les bulles d'air. Bien entendu, le noyau d'eau, et son fonctionnement, détaillé ci-dessus pour un cylindre est généralisable à plusieurs cylindres.During the circulation of the water in this water core, the air bubbles reach the upper part of the water core and slide, according to the arrow shown in Figure 1, on the inclined wall of the upper part of the water core. water core to accumulate in the chamber generated by the protruding portion 6. The bleed screw 52 can then be unscrewed periodically to evacuate the air bubbles. Of course, the water core, and its operation, detailed above for a cylinder is generalizable to several cylinders.
La présente invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté, mais l'homme du métier saura y apporter toute variante conforme à son esprit. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown, but the art can apply any variant within his mind.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Procédé de fabrication d'une culasse (10) de moteur à combustion interne caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes :1. A method of manufacturing a cylinder head (10) of an internal combustion engine characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- réalisation d'un positif de moule (7) pour la formation d'un noyau d'eau de la culasse (10), ce positif (7) du noyau d'eau comportant une partie principale- Making a mold positive (7) for the formation of a water core of the cylinder head (10), the positive (7) of the water core comprising a main part
(8,9) et une partie protubérante (6),(8,9) and a protruding portion (6),
- mise en position du positif (7) du noyau d'eau de la culasse (10) sur un noyau de parois (20) de la culasse (10), la partie protubérante (6) étant en appui sur une partie du noyau de parois (20) de la culasse (10), - après fermeture du noyau de parois (20) de la culasse (10), injection de métal dans le noyau de parois (20) de la culasse (10),- positioning the positive (7) of the water core of the cylinder head (10) on a core of walls (20) of the cylinder head (10), the protruding portion (6) being supported on a portion of the core of walls (20) of the cylinder head (10), - after closing the wall core (20) of the cylinder head (10), injecting metal into the wall core (20) of the cylinder head (10),
- destruction du positif (7) du noyau d'eau et évacuation de la matière constituant le positif (7) du noyau d'eau, la partie protubérante (6) du positif (7) du noyau d'eau générant une partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau,- Destruction of the positive (7) of the water core and evacuation of the material constituting the positive (7) of the water core, the protruding portion (6) of the positive (7) of the water core generating a corresponding protruding portion water core,
- mise en place d'un système de dégazage (51 ,52) associé à la partie protubérante correspondante du noyau d'eau.- Establishment of a degassing system (51, 52) associated with the corresponding protruding portion of the water core.
2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise ledit positif de telle sorte que ladite partie protubérante (6) est la partie la plus élevée du positif (7) du noyau d'eau, dans une configuration de ce positif correspondant à une configuration normale d'utilisation du moteur.2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said positive is carried out so that said protruding portion (6) is the highest part of the positive (7) of the water core, in a configuration of this positive. corresponding to a normal configuration of use of the engine.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'évacuation de matière constituant le positif (7) du noyau d'eau est réalisée par la partie protubérante correspondante (6) du noyau d'eau. 3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evacuation of material constituting the positive (7) of the water core is formed by the corresponding protruding portion (6) of the water core.
4. Positif de noyau d'eau de culasse de moteur à combustion interne pour le moulage d'une telle culasse, comportant une partie principale (8,9) et une partie protubérante d'appui (6), caractérisé en ce que la partie protubérante (6) du positif (7) est la partie la plus élevée du positif, dans une configuration du positif correspondant à une configuration normale d'utilisation du moteur. 4. An internal combustion engine cylinder head core positive for molding such a cylinder head, having a main part (8,9) and a protruding bearing part (6), characterized in that the part protruding (6) of the positive (7) is the highest part of the positive, in a positive configuration corresponding to a normal configuration of use of the engine.
5. Culasse moulée de moteur à combustion interne, à l'intérieur de laquelle est ménagé un noyau d'eau comportant une partie principale (8,9) et une partie protubérante (6), caractérisée en ce que ladite partie protubérante (6) débouche hors de la culasse (10) par une ouverture qui est issue du moulage de la culasse (10) et qui est fermée par un bouchon d'obturation (51 ) associé à un système de dégazage (52).5. Molded cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, within which is formed a water core comprising a main part (8, 9) and a protruding part (6), characterized in that said protruding part (6) opens out of the cylinder head (10) by an opening which is derived from the casting of the cylinder head (10) and which is closed by a closure plug (51) associated with a degassing system (52).
6. Culasse selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que la partie protubérante (6) du noyau d'eau est la partie la plus élevée du noyau d'eau, dans une configuration normale d'utilisation du moteur.6. Cylinder head according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the protruding portion (6) of the water core is the highest part of the water core, in a normal configuration of use of the engine.
7. Culasse selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que la partie principale (8,9) du noyau d'eau comportant une partie inférieure (9) et une partie supérieure (8), la partie inférieure (9) est reliée à une première portion (P1 ) de la partie supérieure (8) et la partie protubérante (6) est reliée à une deuxième portion (P2) de la partie supérieure (8) du noyau d'eau.7. Cylinder head according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the main part (8,9) of the water core having a lower portion (9) and an upper portion (8), the lower portion (9) is connected to a first portion (P1) of the upper portion (8) and the protruding portion (6) is connected to a second portion (P2) of the upper portion (8) of the water core.
8. Culasse selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que la première portion (P1 ) et la deuxième portion (P2) de la partie supérieure (8) du noyau d'eau sont sensiblement réparties de part et d'autre du centre de la partie supérieure (8) du noyau d'eau. 8. Cylinder head according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first portion (P1) and the second portion (P2) of the upper part (8) of the water core are substantially distributed on either side of the center of the upper part (8) of the water core.
9. Culasse selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le système de dégazage (51 ,52) comporte une vis de dégazage (52) implantée dans le bouchon d'obturation (51 ).9. Cylinder head according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the degassing system (51, 52) comprises a degassing screw (52) located in the closure cap (51).
10. Culasse selon la revendication précédente prise en dépendance de la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la vis de dégazage (52) est implantée dans la partie haute du bouchon d'obturation (51 ).10. Cylinder head according to the preceding claim taken in dependence on claim 6, characterized in that the degassing screw (52) is located in the upper part of the closure plug (51).
1 1 . Culasse selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisée en ce que, la partie inférieure de la culasse (10) constituant la partie supérieure de plusieurs cylindres alignés du moteur auquel appartient la culasse, le noyau d'eau de la culasse est agencé de telle sorte que la circulation d'eau dans le noyau d'eau soit réalisée selon une direction globalement transversale à la direction de l'axe passant par les centres des cylindres. 1 1. Cylinder head according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the lower part of the cylinder head (10) constituting the upper part of several aligned cylinders of the engine to which the cylinder head belongs, the water core of the cylinder head is arranged such that the circulation of water in the water core is made in a direction generally transverse to the direction of the axis passing through the centers of the cylinders.
PCT/FR2007/050893 2006-04-06 2007-03-08 Cylinder head comprising a water core having a degassing part and method of producing such a cylinder head WO2007116160A1 (en)

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FR0603028A FR2899501B1 (en) 2006-04-06 2006-04-06 CYLINDER HEAD COMPRISING A WATER CORE HAVING A DEGASSING PART AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH CULASSE
FR0603028 2006-04-06

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FR2960916A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-09 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa CYLINDER HEAD, CORE FOR MANUFACTURING THE CYLINDER HEAD, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE CYLINDER HEAD, AND VEHICLE
FR3058473B1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2019-07-12 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa THERMAL MOTOR CYLINDER HEAD

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US3646919A (en) * 1969-07-22 1972-03-07 Daimler Benz Ag Cooling water conductor system in reciprocating piston internal combustion engines
JP2004044465A (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cylinder head structure in engine

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DE1035971B (en) * 1955-03-31 1958-08-07 Eisen & Stahlind Ag Cylinder head for liquid-cooled internal combustion engines

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US3646919A (en) * 1969-07-22 1972-03-07 Daimler Benz Ag Cooling water conductor system in reciprocating piston internal combustion engines
JP2004044465A (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cylinder head structure in engine

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DATABASE WPI Week 200416, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2004-162493, XP002410687 *

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FR2899501B1 (en) 2009-01-23
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