WO2007112601A1

WO2007112601A1 - Preswirl guide device

Info

Publication number: WO2007112601A1
Application number: PCT/CH2007/000090
Authority: WO
Inventors: Daniel Oeschger; Josef Bättig; Adrian Kopp; Janpeter KÜHNEL
Original assignee: Abb Turbo Systems Ag
Priority date: 2006-03-31
Filing date: 2007-02-22
Publication date: 2007-10-11
Also published as: EP1840386A1; EP2002127B1; US20070231125A1; EP2002127A1; DE502007002109D1; JP2009531581A; KR20080106955A; CN101415951A

Abstract

The preswirl guide device for generating a preswirl in the intake region of a compressor comprises a multiplicity of guide vanes (10) which can be pivoted in each case about a vane shank (12) which is connected to the guide vane, and a pivotable adjusting ring (30) and adjusting levers (13) for transmitting torque from the adjusting ring (30) to the vane shank (12) of each guide vane. The vane shank (12) and the adjusting lever (13) of each guide vane are of single-piece configuration. The housing, in which the guide vanes (10) are mounted rotatably, comprises at least two parts (41, 42) which are joined together in the region of the bearings of the guide vane. The single-piece configuration of the guide vane reduces the number of components which are to be fitted. This simplifies the fitting and possible service work on the guide device.

Description

Pre-swirl guide device

DESCRIPTION

Technical area

The invention relates to the field of turbomachines subjected to exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

It relates to a guide device for generating a Vordralls in the intake of a compressor and an exhaust gas turbocharger with such a Vordrall guide.

State of the art

Exhaust gas turbochargers are used to increase the performance of internal combustion engines. In modern internal combustion engines, the adaptation of the exhaust gas turbocharger to variable operating conditions will become more difficult. A widely used option is the so-called variable turbine and / or compressor geometry. In the variable turbine geometry, the stator vanes are aligned more or less steeply with the flow upstream of the turbine wheel in accordance with turbine power requirements. In the variable compressor geometry, the vanes in the diffuser downstream of the compressor wheel are aligned more or less steeply to the flow.

Another way to adapt the exhaust gas turbocharger to the variable operating conditions offer Vordrall guide devices which produce a certain Vordrall Ansaugebereich the compressor in the intake air, or possibly the aspirated air-fuel mixture, depending on the operating point with more or less pronounced - or in opposite directions to the direction of rotation of the compressor wheel.

In conventional pre-whirl guiding devices, such as are known from DE 36 13 857 A1, the blades are mounted in a one-piece housing in the storage area. For this purpose, the bucket must be secured with an additional bearing bush and the

Adjusting lever be made separable for assembly reasons. This can be additional Lead to cost and tolerance errors and significantly reduce reliability in operation.

Brief description of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a reliably operating over a long period of operation, easy to install predrirl guide with adjustable vanes.

The pre-whirl baffle device according to the invention for generating a pre-puff in the intake area of a compressor comprises a plurality of vanes which are each pivotable about a vane shaft connected to the vane, the vane shafts and thus the axes of rotation of the vanes being substantially perpendicular and radial to the shaft axis of the vane Compressor are aligned. The inventive predrirl guide device further comprises a coaxial with the shaft axis of the compressor arranged, pivotable about this axis collar, and adjusting lever for transmitting torque from the adjusting ring on the blade shank of each vane. According to the invention, vane shank and adjusting lever of each vane are formed in one piece.

The one-piece design of the vane reduces the number of joints, which has a positive effect on the material wear. In addition, the number of components to be assembled is reduced. This simplifies the assembly and any service work on the guide.

The housing of the pre-whirl guide device according to the invention, in which the guide vanes are rotatably mounted, comprises at least two parts joined together in the region of the bearings of the guide vane. On the one hand, this makes it possible to assemble the guide vane, which is made in one piece with an integrated adjusting lever. In addition, this makes it possible to support and secure the blade with the bearing point in the axial direction with respect to the axis of rotation of each moving blade. To improve the wear resistance, the bearings can be protected with inserted bearing sleeves. This axial bearing of the guide vanes takes place according to the invention via projections on the blade shafts and on the housing surrounding the blade shafts. These projections extend in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the guide vane. The projections engage each other for the axial storage of the guide vane. Additionally or alternatively, grooves can also be embedded in the housing and / or in the blade shafts, which cooperate with corresponding projections for the axial securing of the guide blade. If grooves are embedded both in the housing and the blade shafts, the axial bearing can be made with special bearing rings, which are arranged in the grooves. The grooves and protrusions may also extend only partially around the respective blade shank. Further advantages emerge from the dependent claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Various embodiments of the invention will be explained in detail below with reference to drawings. This shows

1 shows a section through a first embodiment of a predrirl guiding device designed according to the invention, with a central body held by means of a retaining rib, FIG. 2 shows an isometric detailed view of the predrirl guiding device according to FIG. 1,

3 shows a section through a second embodiment of an inventively designed pre-whirling guide device,

4 is an isometric view in detail of the pre-whirl baffle of FIG. 3, FIG.

5 shows an enlarged detail of the section in FIG. 1 in the region of the guide blade shaft with a detailed representation of a first

Variant of the axial bearing of the guide vanes,

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged detail of the section in FIG. 1 in the region of the guide blade shaft with a detailed illustration of a second variant of the axial bearing of the guide vanes, FIG. 7 shows an enlarged section of the section in FIG. 1 in the region of the adjusting lever Details for the storage of the adjusting ring,

8 shows a section through an inventively designed Vordrall guide device with a held by the vanes central body, and 9 shows a section with an alternative variant of the second embodiment of the invention according to Vordrali guide device of FIG .. 3

Way to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 shows a section through a guide in the intake of a compressor. Such compressors are, as described above, used in exhaust gas turbochargers to increase the performance of internal combustion engines. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow path of the medium to be compressed, which is usually air or optionally an air-fuel mixture for the combustion process in the internal combustion engine. In addition, such guide devices can be used in any type of compressor, for example, in electric motors driven I nd ustrieverd ichtern.

The guide device comprises a plurality of guide vanes 10 arranged aligned with respect to the compressor axis in the radial direction. In addition to the blade profile 11 projecting into the flow channel, each of the guide vanes comprises a blade shank 12 with which the blade profile is rotatably mounted in a housing. Via an adjusting lever 13, the blade profile can be rotated about the axis of the blade shank. For driving the adjusting lever, and thus for adjusting the blade profile, an adjusting ring 30 is provided, which is arranged concentrically to the axis of the compressor. By turning the adjusting ring 30, all blades are simultaneously adjusted about the respective axes of their shovel shafts. In a first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the torque is transmitted from the adjusting ring 30 to the blade shank 12 via a arranged at the free end of the adjusting lever 13 ball head 14. The ball head 14 is guided in a groove 31 of the adjusting ring with two parallel walls , In the groove, the ball head has the translatory and rotational

Freedom of movement, which are necessary for the implementation of torque transfer. In order to achieve a uniform, large-area pressure distribution in the contact area between the ball head and groove wall, and so as to reduce the wear of the pressing parts, the acting for transmitting torque from the adjusting ring on the blade shank of each vane on the ball head of the lever in the manner of a Ball socket formed. In this case, the ball socket is at least partially made of a translationally displaceable sliding shoe 20th educated. If the adjusting ring 30 is rotated for adjusting the guide vanes, then the sliding shoe 20 is displaced by the ball head 14 in the groove 31 in the plane of the groove walls. If the adjusting ring is turned away, the position of the adjusting lever changes relative to the adjusting ring. In addition to the translational displacement of the center of rotation of the ball head within the groove, there is a rotation of the adjusting lever with respect to the adjusting ring. The translational displacement of the center of rotation of the ball head is made possible by sliding the sliding wall along the groove walls, while for the rotation of the ball head in the ball socket formed by the sliding shoe can rotate arbitrarily in any direction. The shoe may also be formed in two parts by a ball socket half is arranged with a flat, sliding back on each side of the groove in the adjusting ring.

In a second embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the torque transmission from the adjusting ring 30 to the blade shank 12 via a arranged at the free end of the adjusting lever 13, cylindrical pin 15. The pin engages in a bore in the adjusting ring 30 also in a bore 32nd mounted, cylindrical sliding element 21 a. The sliding cylinder 21 can be rotated in the bore 32 about its own axis and move along its own axis. The bore in the sliding cylinder, which is provided for receiving the pin 15, is perpendicular to the axis of the sliding cylinder. The pin can be rotated in this hole around its own axis and move along its own axis. Thus, in turn, the necessary for the implementation of torque transfer freedom of movement, two translational and rotational, given. Alternatively, the pin 15, as shown in FIG. 9, fixed in the sliding cylinder 21 and be slidably mounted in a corresponding bore in the free end of the adjusting lever 13 of the guide vane.

Instead of the illustrated and described in detail further embodiments for torque transmission are conceivable, for example with a trained as a gear segment adjusting lever, which engages in the provided with a ring gear adjusting ring. According to the invention, the blade profile 11, blade shank 12 and the adjusting lever 13, together with the attachment required for torque transmission, that is to say the ball head 14 or the pin 15, are integrally formed. This means that the entire guide blade 10 with its functional components cast or milled from one piece or force of several parts prior to installation in the housing force, shape or materially joined together in one piece. For example, the blade profile, the blade shank and the adjusting lever is poured as a piece and then driven the ball head or pin into a designated opening in the adjusting lever with interference fit or loosely inserted and welded or -gegossen.

So that the integrally formed guide vane can be introduced into the recess provided in the housing, the housing according to the invention is divided in the region of the bearing points of the guide vanes. As can be seen from FIG. 2, at least two housing parts 41 and 42 which can be joined together in the axial direction with respect to the compressor axis are provided. In the region of the bearing point of each guide vanes, the two housing parts together form the recess 45. The two housing parts 41 and 42 are held together, for example, with connecting elements in holes 46 provided for this purpose or via other subsequently installed housing parts. Thanks to the inventive division of the housing in the region of the guide device, the storage of the guide vanes and the adjusting ring can be greatly simplified. As shown in Fig. 5, so the blade shank in the axial direction instead of with an additional bearing bush or with outboard bearing points in a simple manner to radially projecting housing edges 49 secure. These housing protrusions 49 may be provided on both sides or on a housing part in each case at the axial ends of the bearing point of the blade shank. Additionally or alternatively, as shown in Fig. 6, an at least partially circumferential groove in the recess between the two housing parts 41 and 42 a the shovel shaft also at least partially circumferential projection 17 record. Instead of a groove in the housing parts, in another variant, the groove may also be embedded in the blade shank and the housing parts may be provided with a corresponding projection. In a further variant, a groove is embedded in a housing part while the other housing part has a projection and is provided according to the blade shank with a projection and a groove. By means of a not completely circumferential groove and an even less far-reaching projection can be easily limit the rotation of the vanes. In a further variant, grooves are recessed both in the blade shank and in the surrounding housing. An arranged in the grooves bearing ring provides in this Variant for the axial bearing of the guide vanes. All these variants of the internal thrust bearings allow a reduction in the axial clearance of the vanes. To improve the sliding property in the bearing area of the guide vanes or to prevent wear, the bearing components, so the housing parts and / or the blade shank can be hardened or provided with a coating of an abrasion-resistant material.

The axial and radial mounting of the adjusting ring, as shown in Fig. 7, also realize in a simple manner. Before the housing parts 41 and 42 are pushed together in the axial direction, the adjusting ring 30 is arranged together with the guide vanes between the housing parts or on one of the two housing parts. When pushed together, the final alignment of the Versteliringes then takes place automatically in the axial direction. In this case, the adjusting ring 30 is supported in the axial direction from both sides by a corresponding bearing element 47 'and 47 ^" . As also shown in FIG. 2, the first axial bearing element 47 ^{' is} part of the first housing part 41, while the second axial bearing element 47" Part of the second housing part 42 is. The radial bearing of the adjusting ring can be achieved in a simple manner by supporting the adjusting ring on a circumferential projection 48. As in the bearing of the vane, and the bearing parts of the adjusting ring can be hardened or coated.

In the central region of the guide device, in which the tips of the plurality of guide vanes come together, a central housing body is optionally arranged according to an embodiment of the inventive guide device. This central body is concentric with the axis of the compressor. The central body is part of the housing which forms the flow channel of the medium to be compressed in the region of the guide device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the central body 44 may be positioned and retained via one or more radially extending housing ribs 43. In order not to affect the flow in the flow channel with such ribs, the central body can also be positioned and held on the vane tips. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 8, radially guided bores 441 are introduced into the central body 44, in which shanks 16 designed especially for this purpose engage the blade tips. This device with the rays around the Central body arranged vanes also allows a simplified assembly of the vanes, which can already be arranged around the central body 44 prior to introduction into one of the two housing parts 41 or 42. Subsequently, the unit of central body and all vanes can be performed in a single step to the designated space.

Of course, corresponding bores may also be provided in the embodiment with a central body positioned and held by means of a retaining rib. In this case, they also serve a simplified assembly by the guide vanes are inserted with the special blade tip shafts in the holes in the central body before they are then placed in the radially extending recesses in the one housing part.

The described blade tip shanks can be fixedly connected to the tips of the guide vanes, or rotatably mounted in holes provided in the blade tips. In the second case, the shafts may also be fixedly connected to the central body, so that during mounting the guide vanes are plugged with their holes at the blade tips on the shafts. Of course, an embodiment of the inventive guide device without a central body with up to the middle current vanes is possible.

Reference numeral list Vane Blade profile Blade shaft Adjustment lever for moving the vanes Ball head Pin Shovel tip shaft for centering and holding the central body Shaft projection for axial bearing of the blade Sliding shoe Sliding cylinder Adjustment ring for moving the guide vanes via the adjusting lever Ring groove for receiving sliding shoe Ring bore for receiving sliding cylinders Housing Body parts Holding rib Central body Bore for receiving the blade tip shaft Recess in the housing for receiving the blade shaft Bore for joining the housing parts Bearing element for axial bearing of the adjusting ring Bearing element for radial bearing of the adjusting ring Radial projections in the region of the recess in the housing for axial bearing of the guide vane

Claims

PAT E NTAN SP RU CHE

A pre-whirl baffle for generating a pre-puff in the intake area of a compressor, comprising vanes (10) each pivotable about a vane shank (12) connected to the vane, a pivotable collar (30), and adjusting levers (13) Transmitting torque from

Adjusting ring (30) on the blade shank (12) of each vane, characterized in that in each case the blade shank (12) and the adjusting lever (13) of the guide vanes are integrally formed.

2. Predorel guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting lever of each vane comprises a cylindrical pin (15) which is rotatable about its axis and guided along its axis in a bore of a cylindrical transmission element (21), wherein the transmission element (21) is rotatable about its axis and slidably guided along its axis in a bore (32) of the adjusting ring (30).

3. Vordrall guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Adjusting lever (13) of each vane comprises a bore in which a radially projecting from a cylindrical transmission element pin (15) is guided, wherein the transmission element (21) rotatable about its axis and slidable along its axis in a bore (32) of the adjusting ring (32) 30) is guided.

4. Vordrall guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Adjusting lever of each vane has an end formed in the manner of a ball head (14) which is guided in a groove (31) of the adjusting ring (30), wherein the groove (31) has mutually parallel walls, between which the ball head (14) of the Adjusting lever is guided.

5. Vordrall guiding device according to claim 4, characterized in that the

Ball head (14) in a ball socket of a transmission element (20) is rotatably guided, and that the transmission element (20) along the mutually parallel walls is displaceable.

6. Vordrall guiding device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a housing in which the guide vanes (10) rotatably are stored, at least two, in the region of the bearing of the vane assembled parts (41, 42) consists.

7. Vordrall guiding device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the blade shank (12) and on the shroud surrounding the housing (41, 42) are arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the guide vane radially extending projections (49) for axially supporting the guide blade in each case a projection of the blade shank and a projection of the housing interlock.

8. Vordrall guiding device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the blade shank (12) and / or in the

Blade shank surrounding housing (41, 42) with respect to the axis of rotation of the vane, a radially oriented groove is inserted, which for axially supporting the guide vane with respect to the axis of rotation of the vane radially extending, in the groove engaging projection (17) and / or a bearing ring interacts.

9. Vordrall guiding device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the region of the tips of the radially arranged around an axis guide vanes, a central body (44) is arranged.

10. Vordrall guide device according to claim 9, characterized in that the central body (44) via at least one radially outwardly guided retaining rib (43) is attached to an outer housing part (41).

11. Vordrall guide device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that formed on the blade tips shafts (16) in radially aligned bores (441) of the central body (44) are rotatably mounted.

A compressor comprising a pre-whirl deflector according to any one of the preceding claims.

13. Exhaust gas turbocharger, comprising a compressor with a pre-whirling guide device according to one of the preceding claims.