KR20080106955A - Preswirl guide device - Google Patents

Abstract

The preswirl guide device for generating a preswirl in the intake region of a compressor comprises a multiplicity of guide vanes (10) which can be pivoted in each case about a vane shank (12) which is connected to the guide vane, and a pivotable adjusting ring (30) and adjusting levers (13) for transmitting torque from the adjusting ring (30) to the vane shank (12) of each guide vane. The vane shank (12) and the adjusting lever (13) of each guide vane are of single-piece configuration. The housing, in which the guide vanes (10) are mounted rotatably, comprises at least two parts (41, 42) which are joined together in the region of the bearings of the guide vane. The single-piece configuration of the guide vane reduces the number of components which are to be fitted. This simplifies the fitting and possible service work on the guide device. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009

Description

Current Guide Device {PRESWIRL GUIDE DEVICE}

The present invention relates to the field of turbomachines into which the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines are introduced.

The present invention relates to a guide device for producing a current in the suction region of a compressor and an exhaust gas supercharger having such a current guide device.

Exhaust gas superchargers are used to increase the output of internal combustion engines. In recent internal combustion engines, it has become more difficult to match exhaust gas superchargers to variable operating conditions. In this respect, mention of the shape of a variable turbine and / or compressor, etc. offers a wide range of possibilities. In the variable turbine shape, the guide vanes of the upstream distributor of the turbine wheel are oriented at a rather steep inclination angle with respect to the flow, depending on the power requirements of the turbine. In the shape of a variable compressor, the guide vanes of the downstream diffuser of the compressor wheel are oriented at a slightly steep inclination angle with respect to the flow.

Another possibility of adapting the exhaust supercharger to the variable operating conditions is provided by the current guide device, which is somewhat prominent depending on the operating point, in the direction of rotation of the compressor wheel, or in the opposite direction, of the compressor. The desired current is produced in the intake air or possibly in the intake air / fuel mixture in the intake area.

In a conventional current guide device, for example known from German Patent Application Publication No. 36 13 857, the vanes are mounted in an integrated casing in the bearing area. For this purpose, the vanes must be fixed by means of additional bearing bushes, and the adjustment levers must be configured to be detachable by fitting. This can lead to additional costs and tolerance errors and can also significantly reduce reliability in operation.

1 is a sectional view through a first embodiment of a current guide device constructed in accordance with the present application having a central body held by a retaining rib;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the current guide device according to FIG. 1;

3 is a sectional view through a second embodiment of a current guide device constructed in accordance with the present application;

4 is an isometric view of the current guide device according to FIG. 3;

5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in the region of the guide vane shank, detailing a first variant of axial mounting of the guide vane;

6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in the region of the guide vane shank, detailing a second variant of axial mounting of the guide vane;

7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in the region of the adjustment lever, detailing the mounting of the adjustment ring;

8 is a cross sectional view of a current guide device constructed in accordance with the present application having a central body held by a guide vane, and

9 is a detailed view of another variant of the second embodiment of the current guide device constructed according to the invention in accordance with FIG. 3.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10: guide vane

11: vane profile

12: vane shank

13: adjusting lever for moving the guide vanes

14: ball head

15: pin

16: vane end shank for centering the main body and holding in place

17: shaft projection for axial mounting of the guide vane

20: sliding shoe

21: sliding cylinder

30: adjustment ring for moving the guide vane through the adjustment lever

31: fantasy home to accommodate the sliding shoe

32: annular hole to accommodate the sliding cylinder

40: casing

41, 42: casing portion

43: Retain Rib

44: center body

441: hole to hold the vane end shank

45: hole in casing to receive vane shank

46: hole connecting the casing

47: bearing member for axial mounting of the adjustment ring

48: bearing member for radial mounting of the adjustment ring

49: radial projection of the hole area in the casing for axial mounting of the guide vanes

It is an object of the present invention to provide a current guide device which reliably operates for long periods of operation and which is simple to fit and which has adjustable guide vanes.

The current guide device according to the invention for generating a current in the suction region of the compressor comprises a plurality of guide vanes pivotable about each vane shank connected thereto, wherein the vane shank and thus the axis of rotation of the guide vanes It is oriented essentially perpendicularly and radially with respect to the shaft axis of the compressor. In addition, the current guide device according to the present invention comprises an adjustment ring coaxially arranged about the shaft axis of the compressor and pivotable about the axis, and an adjustment lever for transmitting torque from the adjustment ring to each vane shank of the guide vane. Include. According to the invention, the vane shank and the adjustment lever of each guide vane are integrally constructed.

Due to the integral construction of these guide vanes, the number of connections is reduced, which has a positive effect on the wear of the material. In addition, the number of components to be fitted is reduced. By doing so, the fitting on the guide apparatus and the service work as simple as possible are simplified.

The casing of the current guide device according to the invention, in which the guide vanes are rotatably mounted, comprises at least two parts connected to each other in the bearing area of the guide vanes.

This allows first to fit an integrally configured guide vane with an integrated control lever, and thus to mount and fix the vane at a bearing point axially with respect to the rotation axis of each guide vane. To improve the wear resistance, the bearing can be protected with an inserted bearing sleeve.

The axial mounting of the guide vanes is done in accordance with the present application through vane shanks and protrusions on the casing surrounding the vane shanks. This protrusion extends radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the guide vane. These protrusions engage in and out for axial mounting of the guide vanes.

Additionally or alternatively, grooves may be included in the casing and / or vane shank, which grooves interact with corresponding projections to axially secure the guide vanes. If the groove is included in both the casing and the vane shank, axial mounting can be done with a special bearing ring arranged in this groove. The grooves and protrusions may also only partially extend around each vane shank.

Other advantages are described in the dependent claims.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 shows a through section of a guiding device in the suction region of the compressor. As described at the outset, such compressors are used in exhaust gas superchargers to increase the output of internal combustion engines. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow path of the medium to be compressed, which is generally air for the combustion process or possibly an air / fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine. This guiding device can also be used in any type of compressor, for example an industrial compressor driven by an electric motor.

The guide device comprises a plurality of guide vanes 10 arranged to be radially oriented with respect to the axis of the compressor. Each of these guide vanes includes a vane shank 12 in addition to a vane profile 11 projecting into the flow duct, with the vane shank being rotatably mounted in the casing. The vane profile can be rotated about the axis of the vane shank via the adjustment lever 13. An adjustment ring 30 arranged concentrically on the axis of the compressor is provided to drive the adjustment lever to adjust the vane profile. All vanes are simultaneously adjusted about each axis of the vane shank by rotating the adjustment ring 30.

In the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the torque transmission from the adjustment ring 30 to the vane shank 12 is via a ball head 14 arranged at the free end of the adjustment lever 13. The ball head 14 is guided in the grooves 31 of the adjusting ring, which grooves 31 have two walls extending parallel to each other. Within the groove, the ball head has the necessary degrees of translational and rotational movement necessary to realize torque transmission. Adjustment lever for torque cutting from the adjustment ring to the vane shank of each guide vane, in order to achieve a uniform pressure distribution over a large area in the contact area between the ball head and the wall of the groove and thus reduce the wear of the parts pressing against each other. The surface acting on the ball head of the ball socket is configured. In this case, the ball socket is formed at least partially from the sliding shoe 20 arranged to be translationally movable. When the adjusting ring 30 is rotated to adjust the guide vanes, the sliding shoe 20 is moved in the wall plane of the groove by the ball head 14 in the groove 31. When the adjustment ring is rotated, the position of the adjustment lever is changed relative to the adjustment ring. In addition to the translational movement of the center of rotation of the ball head inside the groove, the adjustment lever rotates with respect to the adjustment ring. The translational movement of the center of rotation of the ball head is possible by means of a sliding shoe that slides along the wall of the groove, while for the rotational movement the ball head can rotate in any desired direction within the ball socket formed by the sliding shoe. In addition, the sliding shoe can be configured in two pieces by a ball socket half with a flat, the slidable rear side being arranged on each side of the groove in the adjustment ring.

In the second embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the torque transmission from the adjustment ring 30 to the vane shank 12 is via a cylindrical pin 15 arranged at the free end of the adjustment lever 13. This pin engages the hole of the cylindrical sliding member 21 mounted in the adjustment ring 30 like the hole 32. The sliding cylinder 21 can be rotated about its own axis in the hole 32 and can also be moved along its own axis. The hole provided to receive the pin 15 in the sliding cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of the sliding cylinder. This pin can be rotated about its own axis within the hole and can also be moved along its own axis. It also provides the freedom of movement necessary to realize translational and rotational torque transmission in two locations in each case. Alternatively, the pin 15 can be fixed in the sliding cylinder 21, as shown in FIG. 9, instead slidingly in the corresponding hole at the free end of the adjustment lever 13 of the guide vane. Can be mounted.

In addition to the embodiments described in more detail, for example, another embodiment for torque transmission can be envisioned, which has an adjustment lever configured as a toothed wheel segment and which engages an adjustment ring with a toothed rim. According to the invention, the vane profile 11, the vane shank 12 and the adjustment lever 13 are integrally constructed together with the upper parts necessary for torque transmission, ie with the ball head 14 or the pin 15. That is, the entire guide vane 10 with functional components is cast or milled in one piece, or otherwise assembled from a number of parts frictionally, positively-locked or integrally to form integrally before fitting into the casing. do. For example, the vane profile, vane shank and adjustment lever are cast in one piece, and the ball head or pin is then driven in an interference fit into the opening provided for this purpose in the adjustment lever, or otherwise loosely inserted in place. Are welded or cast.

Thus, the integrally formed guide vanes can be inserted into holes formed in the casing, and the casing according to the present invention is separated in the bearing point region of the guide vanes.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, at least two casing portions 41, 42 are provided which can be connected together axially with respect to the axis of the compressor. In the region of the bearing point of each guide vane, the two casing portions together form a hole 45. The two casing portions 41, 42 can be held together, for example, with a connecting member in the hole 46 provided for this purpose or through another casing portion subsequently installed.

Due to the fact that the casing has been separated in the region of the guide device according to the invention, the mounting of the guide vanes and the mounting of the adjustment ring can be considerably simplified. Thus, as shown in FIG. 5, the vane shanks can be fixed axially in a simple manner on the radially projecting casing edge 49, instead of having additional bearing bushes or external bearing points. . Such casing projections 49 may in each case be provided on either side or on one casing at the axial end of the bearing point of the vane shank. Additionally or alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, a groove extending over at least the circumferential portion of the hole between the two casing portions 41, 42 may likewise have a protrusion (extending over the at least circumferential portion of the vane shank). 17) can be accommodated. Instead of a groove in the casing portion, the groove may also be included in the vane shank in another variant, and a corresponding protrusion may be provided on the casing portion. In another variant, the groove is contained in one casing portion, while the other casing portion has a projection, so that the vane shank is provided with each projection and each groove. In addition, the rotation of the guide vanes can be limited in a simple manner by grooves that do not extend throughout the circumference and protrusions that extend over the smaller circumference portion. In another variant, the groove is included in both the vane shank and the casing surrounding it. In this variant, the bearing rings arranged in the grooves provide for axial mounting of the guide vanes. All of these variants of the internal axial mounting make it possible to reduce the axial gap of the guide vanes. To improve the sliding properties in the bearing area of the guide vanes or to prevent wear, the bearing components, ie the casing part and / or the vane shank, may be provided with a coating of hardened or abrasion resistant material.

As shown in FIG. 7, the axial and radial mounting of the adjustment ring can likewise be realized in a simple manner. Before pushing the casing portions 41 and 42 together in the axial direction, the adjusting ring 30 is arranged with guide vanes between the casing portions or on one of the two casing portions. When the casings are pushed together, the final orientation of the adjustment ring in the axial direction is then automatically performed. In this case, the adjustment ring 30 is mounted axially from both sides by the corresponding bearing members 47 ', 47 ". As can be seen in Figure 2, the first axial bearing member 47' It is part of the first casing part 41, and the second axial bearing member 47 ″ is part of the second casing part 42. Radial mounting of the adjustment ring can be achieved simply by seating the adjustment ring on the circumferential protrusion 48.

At the bearing point of the guide vane, the bearing portion of the adjusting ring can be cured or coated.

According to one embodiment of the guide device according to the invention, a central casing body is selectively arranged in the central region of the guide apparatus, in which the ends of the plurality of guide vanes meet. This central body lies concentrically on the axis of the compressor. This central body is a casing portion which forms a flow duct of the medium to be compressed in the region of the guide device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the central body 44 can be positioned and held in place through one or more radially extending casing ribs 43.

In order not to damage the flow in the flow duct by such ribs, the central body can also be held in place through the ends of the guide vanes. As shown in Fig. 8, a radially oriented hole 441 is included in the central body 44 for this purpose, and the shank 16 specially configured for this purpose on the end of the vane is provided with the hole ( 441). Such a device having guide vanes radially arranged around the center body also allows the insertion of guide vanes which can already be arranged around the center body 44 before being inserted into one of the two casing portions 41, 42. Simplify the fit. The unit consisting of the central body and all the guide vanes can then be oriented to the intended place in a single operation.

Of course, embodiments having a central body positioned and held by retaining ribs may be provided with corresponding holes. Also in this case the hole is used to simplify the fitting by a guide vane having a special vane end shank, which special vane end shank is then placed in a radially extending hole in one casing section. Before, it is inserted into a hole in the central body.

The vane end shanks described may be fixedly connected to the end of the guide vane or otherwise rotatably mounted in a hole provided for this purpose at the vane end. In the second case, the shank can also be fixedly connected to the central body such that the guide vanes can slide into the shank alone at the vane end upon fitting.

Of course, one embodiment of the guide device according to the invention is also possible with a guide vane extending straight into the center without having a central body.

Claims (13)

The current guide device for generating a current in the suction region of the compressor, A guide vane 10 pivotable about each vane shank 12 connected thereto; Rotatable adjustment ring 30, In the current guide device having an adjustment lever 13 for transmitting torque from the adjustment ring 30 to the vane shank 12 of each of the guide vanes, A vane shank (12) and an adjustment lever (13) of each of said guide vanes are integrally configured. The adjustment lever of each guide vane comprises a cylindrical pin 15 which is guided to be rotatable about an axis and to move along its own axis in the hole of the cylindrical transmission member 21. Wherein the delivery member (21) is guided to be rotatable about its own axis and to be movable along its own axis in the hole (32) of the adjustment ring (30). 2. The adjustment lever 13 of each guide vane comprises a hole in which a pin 15 projecting radially from the cylindrical transmission member is guided, the transmission member 21 having its own axis. A current guide device, which is guided to be rotatable about and moveable along its own axis in the hole (32) of the adjustment ring (30). 2. The adjusting lever of each guide vane has an end which is configured as a ball head 14 and which is guided in the groove 31 of the adjusting ring 30, wherein the groove 31 is in contact with each other. A current guide device having a wall extending in parallel, wherein the ball head (14) of the adjustment lever is guided between the walls. 5. Current according to claim 4, characterized in that the ball head 14 is rotatably guided in the ball socket of the transfer member 20, the transfer member 20 being movable along a wall extending parallel to each other. Expression guide device. 6. The casing according to claim 1, wherein the casing to which the guide vanes 10 are rotatably mounted consists of at least two parts 41, 42 connected to each other in the bearing area of the guide vanes. An electric current guide device. 7. The vane shank 12 and casings 41 and 42 surrounding the vane shank according to claim 1, wherein the projection 49 extending radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the guide vanes. And a protrusion of the vane shank and a protrusion of the casing engage in and out for axial mounting of each guide vane. 8. The groove according to claim 1, wherein the grooves radially oriented with respect to the axis of rotation of the guide vanes are in the vane shank 12 and / or in the casings 41, 42 surrounding the vane shanks. Included, for the axial mounting of the guide vanes, the grooves are characterized in that they interact with the projections 17 and / or bearing rings extending axially with respect to the axis of rotation of the guide vanes and engaging with the grooves. Current guide device. 9. A current guide device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a central body (44) is arranged in the end region of the guide vanes arranged radially about the axis. 10. A device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the central body (44) is fastened to the outer casing portion (41) via at least one retaining rib (43) facing radially outward. 11. Current-guided device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the shank (16) formed at the vane end is rotatably mounted in a radially oriented hole (441) of the central body (44). Compressor comprising a current guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 11. An exhaust gas supercharger comprising a compressor having a current guide device according to claim 1.