WO2007107723A1 - Structure de tissu permeable a l'humidite - Google Patents

Structure de tissu permeable a l'humidite Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007107723A1
WO2007107723A1 PCT/GB2007/000951 GB2007000951W WO2007107723A1 WO 2007107723 A1 WO2007107723 A1 WO 2007107723A1 GB 2007000951 W GB2007000951 W GB 2007000951W WO 2007107723 A1 WO2007107723 A1 WO 2007107723A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fabric
structure according
fibre structure
wool
garment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2007/000951
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Fulford
Subhash Chander Anand
Stuart Wetton
Original Assignee
Remploy Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Remploy Limited filed Critical Remploy Limited
Publication of WO2007107723A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007107723A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
    • A41D31/125—Moisture handling or wicking function through layered materials

Definitions

  • MOISTURE PERMEABLE FABRIC STRUCTURES This invention relates to moisture permeable fabric structures for use in the manufacture of garments to be worn next to the skin.
  • PPE Personal Protective Equipment
  • Radiation and Nuclear resistant protective garments designed to prevent noxious substances coming into contact with the wearer's skin.
  • Such equipment may also be in the form of bullet proof vests, high temperature resistant suits and the like to provide protection against bullets, ballistic fragments, flechettes, knives, heat and flame and otitier threats.
  • PPE garment In many cases use of a PPE garment is accompanied by one or more other garments to reinforce the required protection and to facilitate usability and comfort for the wearer.
  • a base layer or inner clothing which is designed to provide thermophysiological comfort to enable the wearer to keep fit and well, notwithstanding the weight of the PPE garment and the possibility that the PPE garment may be worn for an extended period.
  • the base layer or inner clothing would thus be required to keep the wearer cool and dry during strenuous activity and warm and dry when resting, which entails both heat and moisture regulation of the body.
  • an efficient base garment worn next to the skin is to maintain the core body temperature as close as possible to normal (approximately 37EC) irrespective of the level of activity undertaken by the wearer.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved fabric structure suitable for use in the manufacture of a base garment to be worn next to the skin which can efficiently assist in maintaining comfortable body temperature whilst permitting escape of moisture and excess heat.
  • a fabric structure for a garment comprising an inner knitted fabric layer, and an outer knitted layer made from synthetic fibres, the layers being interconnected with stitches therebetween, characterised in that the inner knitted fabric layer is made from wool and synthetic fibres.
  • the wool/synthetic inner layer ensures warmth with thermophysiological comfort next to the skin.
  • the wool next to the skin can give a high water vapour permeability and low resistance to evaporative heat loss, whilst the synthetic fibres in both layers can ensure efficient wicking of moisture away from the skin to the external environment.
  • the use of two stitch-interconnected knitted layers can facilitate the formation of a substantial micro-mesh structure, i.e. a structure which can provide warmth and comfortable soft bulky feel, whilst at the same time giving a network of holes through which moisture, water vapour, and air carrying excess heat can readily migrate in a controller manner.
  • the wool is preferably a fine Merino wool, particularly a fibre less then 20 ⁇ m diameter.
  • Merino wool has protein molecules surrounded by electrically charged lysine side chains. The side chains attract water vapour molecules away from the skin due to hydrogen bonding. Removal of moisture is thereby facilitated.
  • Merino wool from Merino sheep, is fine and soft.
  • the wool is typically tightly crimped and springy with staples commonly 65-100mm and less than 24.5 ⁇ m in diameter.
  • the Merino wool is surface modified to demonstrate hydrophilic properties and improve movement of moisture.
  • the wool naturally is coated in lipids and waxy materials which are hydrophobic and this limits moisture movement which is a phenomenon which occurs on the surface of fibres.
  • Lipids can be removed by processes such as chlorination or oxidisation by plasma treatment and this gives hydrophilic surface properties which enhances moisture movement. Further enhancement can be achieved by machine washing.
  • a particularly preferred hydrophilic Merino wool is that sold as Sportwool which is machine washable. The presence of the wool therefore facilitates removal of moisture from the wearer's skin into the inner layer without undue retention in the layer, whilst at the same time giving a warm and comfortable feel.
  • the synthetic fibres of the inner layer may be polyester fibres. These fibres are generally hydrophobic and resist take up or retention of moisture and much facilitate wicking of the moisture through the inner layer. However, for improved comfort and feel the hydrophobic properties may be modified or moderated by treatment with a hydrophilic softener.
  • the wool encourages flow of moisture from the wearer's skin into the inner layer without undue retention, and the synthetic fibres encourage wicking of this moisture through and out of the inner layer.
  • the synthetic fibres are structured with one or more channels therealong e.g. having two opposite sides each with two channels therealong and may be as sold under the registered trade mark CoolMax.
  • CoolMax is a Dacron® polyester fibre which is structured as a four channel fibre to facilitate wicking. Fibres sold under the trade name Air Cool can also be used.
  • the proportion of synthetic fibre is substantially the same as that of the wool fibre, i.e. substantially 50% synthetic and 50% wool. If desired however, other proportions and other additional fibres may be used.
  • the outer layer this is preferably wholly made from synthetic fibres, which may be the same as and/or different from the synthetic fibres of the inner layer.
  • the synthetic fibres of the outer layer may be polyester fibres and may comprise CoolMax fibres as mentioned above.
  • the outer layer is formed wholly from common synthetic fibres. It is however also possible to use mixtures of fibres.
  • the relative weights of the inner and outer layers may be substantially the same whereby the wool in the inner layer represents substantially 25% of the entire fabric structure. However, other relative weights may also be used.
  • this may be achieved with any suitable knitted stitch structure.
  • a tuck stitch is used, particularly a random tuck stitch which gives random small holes in the fabric structure.
  • a micromesh structure is desirable to facilitate controlled migration of moisture, water vapour and excess hot air through the fabric structure.
  • random is meant a distribution of tuck stitches and consequently a distribution of holes which is at least substantially evenly distributed over the fabric but which does not form continuous lines of contiguous or close such stitches and holes wholly or substantially wholly along or across the fabric.
  • the fabric structure can provide warmth and comfort for the wearer, when required by trapping air in the structure alongside the wearer's skin. With increased activity generating body heat and moisture, the moisture and excess hot air can be drawn efficiently from the wearer's skin into the inner layer and from there the hot air can pass through the outer layer to the external environment, and the moisture can be rapidly removed by wicking into and through the outer layer where it can quickly evaporate and escape to the external environment.
  • the fabric structure of the invention may be used to make a garment such as vest and pants and may be worn beneath outer garments particularly an NBC or CBRN suit or other PPE as described above.
  • Figure 1 is a knitting machine layout drawing used in making one form of a fabric structure in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a fibre used in the fabric structure of the invention.
  • Table 1 illustrates the fabric specifications and a number of relevant properties that determine quantitatively the comfort properties of a garment worn next to the skin. Fabrics 1 and 2 were tested, analysed and evaluated in exactly the same conditions and using exactly the same test procedures.
  • Fabric 1 is a reference fabric and comprises 100% polyester fibre on the face and 80% acrylic fibre and 20% micro-acrylic fibre on the back of the fabric. These fibres are used in commercial base layer garments. The fabric was knitted on an interlock machine, with random tuck stitches connecting the two layers of the fabric.
  • Fabric 2 is in accordance with the invention and comprises 25% super fine Merino wool and 75% CoolMax polyester designed in such a manner that the face (next to skin) comprises 50% wool and 50% CoolMax polyester, with the outer layer consisting of 100% CoolMax polyester fabric.
  • the final blend in the garment would be 25% wool and 75% CoolMax polyester fibre.
  • the fabric was knitted on an interlock machine, with random tuck stitches connecting the two layers of the fabric.
  • Figure 1 shows the yarn feeds of a 30ins (76.2cm) diameter eight lock knitting machine with E22 gauge used to make Fabric 2.
  • the yarn feeds from 1 to 24 shown in the drawing have the repeated pattern of:
  • Yarn B is staple-fibre CoolMax polyester; and Yarn C is 19.5 ⁇ m Sportwool.
  • the finished article has 25% Sportwool and 75% Coolmax polyester yarn.
  • Figure 2 shows the channel profile of Coolmax fibre.
  • the fibre has two channels 1, 2 on each of two opposite sides.
  • the fabric is treated with a hydrophilic softener for synthetic yarns and a wicking agent.
  • Fabric 2 is slightly heavier than Fabric 1, whilst their thicknesses and bulk densities are very similar.
  • the thermal properties of the two fabrics show that the dry thermal resistance of a garment made with Fabric 1 would be much higher than a garment made with Fabric 2. In other words, the Fabric 1 garment would be much warmer when woven in dry conditions. Once wet the Fabric 1 garment will feel much cooler and damper next to the skin than the Fabric 2 garment. What is even more crucial is that once the wearer stops the strenuous activity, the Fabric 1 garment only recovers its dry thermal resistance by 60.2% after four minutes, whereas the Fabric 2 garment would recover 95.2% of its dry .thermal resistance over the same time once the wearer is relaxing after completing the strenuous activity. In other words, whilst the Fabric 1 garment seems to absorb and dissipate the body heat during strenuous activity, it does not seem to release heat once the activity is stopped and the body relaxes or is at rest.
  • the Fabric 1 garment would have a higher warmth-to-touch feeling when dry, but will feel cold and clammy once the wearer stops his or her activity and is in a relatively rest position.
  • the loss of initial warmth-to-touch feeling in the Fabric 1 garment is 91.44% after four minutes of being wet, whilst the similar figure for the Fabric 2 garment would be only 24.1%.
  • the water absorption capacity would also be similar in the two fabrics, 4 gg "1 in Fabric 1 and 4.48 gg "1 in Fabric 2.
  • the overall wicking properties of the Fabric 2 are very much superior to
  • the wicking height of Fabric 1 was 31.66 mm.
  • Fabric 2 showed a wicking height of almost double the above value at 60 mm. This is mainly due to the CoolMax polyester fibre used in the Fabric 2.
  • the wicking properties of Fabric 2 are significantly superior to Fabric 1, as can be seen from the last three rows of Table 1.
  • the coursewise, walewise and area wicking in terms of product of wicking height in cm and the mass of water wicked in grammes are much superior in the Fabric 2 as compared to Fabric 1. All three values in Fabric 2 are well over four times the values obtained in Fabric 1. 3.
  • Fabric 1 Face fabric 100% polyester, back fabric 80% acrylic fibre and 20%

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure de tissu pour un vêtement comprenant des couches tricotées intérieure et extérieure. La couche extérieure se compose de fibres synthétiques et la couche intérieure, à disposer au contact de la peau d'un utilisateur, se compose de laine et de fibres synthétiques. Les deux couches sont liées par des mailles, telles que des mailles chargées aléatoires. Les fibres synthétiques peuvent être à canaux multiples. La laine peut être une laine mérinos fine.
PCT/GB2007/000951 2006-03-17 2007-03-16 Structure de tissu permeable a l'humidite WO2007107723A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0605336.7A GB0605336D0 (en) 2006-03-17 2006-03-17 Moisture permeable fabric structures
GB0605336.7 2006-03-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007107723A1 true WO2007107723A1 (fr) 2007-09-27

Family

ID=36292899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2007/000951 WO2007107723A1 (fr) 2006-03-17 2007-03-16 Structure de tissu permeable a l'humidite

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB0605336D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007107723A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102031621A (zh) * 2011-01-17 2011-04-27 无锡红豆居家服饰有限公司 一种围编针织防辐射面料
CN103122546A (zh) * 2013-03-06 2013-05-29 上海嘉麟杰纺织品股份有限公司 一种高导湿高透气粗细针针织面料及其制备方法
CN104264348A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-01-07 江苏南纬悦达纺织研究院有限公司 一种双层单向导湿凹凸面料及其制备工艺
CN104947302A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-30 上海嘉麟杰纺织品股份有限公司 一种派丝特与羊毛交织的针织面料的制造方法
WO2019055726A1 (fr) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Lear Corporation Tissu en laine mélangée à haute performance
CN113265754A (zh) * 2021-06-28 2021-08-17 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 一种用于服装的易拧干面料及其制备方法
WO2023000603A1 (fr) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-26 上海嘉乐股份有限公司 Tissu tricoté anti-humidité ayant une structure spéciale

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0627178A1 (fr) * 1993-05-25 1994-12-07 INTELPRO CORPORATION (a Delaware Corporation) Elément régulant l'humidité et vêtements comportant un tel élément
US5787503A (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-08-04 Murphy, Iii; Edward J. Multi-layer sweater
WO2003001934A1 (fr) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Polgat Textiles Co. (1960) Ltd. Regulation de l'humidite sur un tissu chaine et trame double face
EP1312710A1 (fr) * 2001-10-23 2003-05-21 Malden Mills Industries, Inc. Etoffe composite avec des canaux tricotés, pour des vêtements tels que des sweatshirts
EP1335053A1 (fr) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-13 Wigwam Mills, Inc. Chausette à deux couches et procédé pour sa fabrication
US6862902B1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2005-03-08 Bong-Rak Kim Double socks and method for producing the same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0627178A1 (fr) * 1993-05-25 1994-12-07 INTELPRO CORPORATION (a Delaware Corporation) Elément régulant l'humidité et vêtements comportant un tel élément
US5787503A (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-08-04 Murphy, Iii; Edward J. Multi-layer sweater
WO2003001934A1 (fr) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Polgat Textiles Co. (1960) Ltd. Regulation de l'humidite sur un tissu chaine et trame double face
EP1312710A1 (fr) * 2001-10-23 2003-05-21 Malden Mills Industries, Inc. Etoffe composite avec des canaux tricotés, pour des vêtements tels que des sweatshirts
EP1335053A1 (fr) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-13 Wigwam Mills, Inc. Chausette à deux couches et procédé pour sa fabrication
US6862902B1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2005-03-08 Bong-Rak Kim Double socks and method for producing the same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102031621A (zh) * 2011-01-17 2011-04-27 无锡红豆居家服饰有限公司 一种围编针织防辐射面料
CN103122546A (zh) * 2013-03-06 2013-05-29 上海嘉麟杰纺织品股份有限公司 一种高导湿高透气粗细针针织面料及其制备方法
CN104264348A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-01-07 江苏南纬悦达纺织研究院有限公司 一种双层单向导湿凹凸面料及其制备工艺
CN104947302A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-30 上海嘉麟杰纺织品股份有限公司 一种派丝特与羊毛交织的针织面料的制造方法
WO2019055726A1 (fr) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Lear Corporation Tissu en laine mélangée à haute performance
US20190085489A1 (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Lear Corporation High performance wool blend fabric
US10753015B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-08-25 Lear Corporation High performance wool blend fabric
US11851788B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2023-12-26 Lear Corporation Cover fabric and a method of manufacturing a vehicle seat cover fabric
CN113265754A (zh) * 2021-06-28 2021-08-17 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 一种用于服装的易拧干面料及其制备方法
WO2023000603A1 (fr) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-26 上海嘉乐股份有限公司 Tissu tricoté anti-humidité ayant une structure spéciale

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