WO2007098628A1

WO2007098628A1 - Apparatus for the production of sprueless molded parts in a transfer molding process and an injection-compression molding process

Info

Publication number: WO2007098628A1
Application number: PCT/CH2007/000100
Authority: WO
Inventors: Theo Staeheli
Original assignee: Neopreg Ag
Priority date: 2006-03-01
Filing date: 2007-02-28
Publication date: 2007-09-07

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus for producing sprueless molded parts in a transfer molding process and an injection-compression molding process. Said apparatus is composed of a compression mold and at least one mold cavity (4). The compression mold represents a double-ram press with two movable force plates (1, 2). (i) Said two force plates are disposed across from each other within the cylindrical bush of the compression mold, (ii) the mold cavity is arranged on the exterior wall of the cylindrical tube of the compression mold, or the mold cavities are circularly and concentrically placed at the same level on the exterior wall of the cylindrical tube of the compression mold and (iii) are integrated into said exterior wall in such a way that the sidewall of the force plates simultaneously forms part of the wall of the mold cavity/cavities at the level of the mold cavity/cavities and seals said mold cavity/cavities. Also disclosed is a method for producing sprueless molded parts in a transfer molding process and an injection-compression molding process with the aid of the inventive apparatus.

Description

Apparatus for the production of non-casting molded parts by injection molding and injection molding

The present invention relates to a device for the production of non-casting moldings in the transfer molding process and the injection-stamping process. The invention further relates to a process for the production of non-casting molded parts in the transfer molding process and in the injection-embossing process, in particular of thermoplastic and thermosetting fiber-reinforced molded parts, in particular of duroplastic reinforced with long fibers molded parts.

It is known to process thermoplastic and thermosetting molding compositions by compression, transfer molding and injection molding to form parts. Fiber-reinforced polymeric molding compositions, in particular molding compositions reinforced with long fibers, are primarily processed by the compression method, since in this method the fiber degradation is lower and the fiber distribution is better than, for example, in transfer molding or in the screw injection molding process. Expensive molding compounds, such as Based on carbon fibers reinforced polyimides can be processed by injection molding or injection molding process only with considerable gate losses, which significantly increases the cost of moldings.

Both in transfer molding as well as in injection molding, the molded parts made of long-fiber-reinforced molding compounds with a large gate cross-section must be connected in order to avoid further fiber degradation and loss of strength. Moldings produced in this way must be separated or deburred from the gate in a subsequent operation.

The compression method has the advantage that the fiber degradation is low. However, the fiber distribution in pressed moldings is insufficient, especially in the case of short flow paths

iestätlguπgskcpie the fiber bundles do not open sufficiently with a very short flow path. Due to the volumetric variation of the molding compositions, moreover, the pressing tool must be provided with a dipping edge. Excess material is expelled during the compression phase over this tool gap, which has reworking costs (deburring) result. In injection molding and injection molding with small gates, unfavorable fiber alignment occurs in the area of the gate, which leads to weak spots or even cracking in the area of the parted fibers.

The device according to the invention described below consists of a pressing tool containing at least one individual mold cavity or a plurality of such individual mold cavities, wherein the pressing tool has at least one cylindrical mold wall (herein also referred to as a cylindrical bushing) and inside this cylindrical mold wall two pistons displaceable along the mold inner wall, namely an upper piston and an onterkolben, wherein the single mold cavity, or more such individual mold cavities, arranged concentrically in the outside of the mold wall in circles and at the same height and are integrated into the mold wall such that the piston side wall at the level of the mold cavity, or Formnester, an integral wall component of the mold cavity, or the mold cavities, forms and closes the mold cavity or mold cavities. By means of the device according to the invention, or by the method which can be carried out with the device according to the invention, the interface of the mold cavity in the wall of the pressing tool is replaced by a part of the piston side wall as a molded part wall, so that deburring of the produced molded part is no longer necessary and also unfavorable fiber orientation in the mold

Gating area and thus caused vulnerabilities are avoided.

The present invention makes it possible with long fibers comparable reinforced thermoplastic or thermoset molding compositions fiber ^¬ gently to process and therefore a high residual fiber length in ~ "5 _

To obtain molding. Volume fluctuations of the molding compounds or of the inserts can be completely compensated, uncontrolled pressure peaks in the mold cavity, as they occur in multi-piston tools, according to the invention limited and compensated by the counter-piston. This overspray the mold parting plane is avoided. The result is a production with a defined reproducible internal mold pressure and thus also with reproducible consistent molded part properties.

The gate loss is very low in the inventive method, so that the material loss is economically insignificant. Another advantage of the method according to the invention is the possibility of choosing the pressure on the counter-piston so that the injection gap adapts itself variably to the state of the molding compound, thereby achieving a gentle fiber transport and a sufficient granulate disruption in order to ensure a good fiber distribution in the molded part.

Another benefit of the method lies in the reduction of the processing cycles compared with the pressing and transfer molding process. The reason lies in the short curing time of the thin residual cake. Also, the curing time is not determined by the cross section of the sprue, which according to the invention is not present, but determined solely by the reaction time of the molding compound in the mold cavity.

The fiber degradation in the transfer molding and in particular the injection molding process is largely determined by reversals of the mass flow during the plasticizing and the injection process, in particular in the nozzle, the sprue, the sprue channels, by the cross-sectional changes and the gate cross-section. The present invention makes it possible to inject the long-fiber molding compounds in the piston chamber so that the first direction change of the mass flow takes place only when the molding compound enters the mold cavity. The present invention is defined in the claims. The present invention relates to a device for the production of non-casting moldings in the transfer molding process and the injection-embossing process, wherein the device consists of a pressing tool and at least one mold cavity, characterized in that the pressing tool is a two-piston press with two displaceable plunger, wherein (i) these (ii) the two pressing pistons are arranged inside the cylindrical bush of the pressing tool opposite to each other

Formnest is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical bushing of the pressing tool or the mold cavities are arranged concentrically and at the same height on the outer wall of the cylindrical sleeve of the pressing tool in circles and (iii) are integrated in this outer wall such that the side wall of the plunger on the Height of the mold cavity, or the mold cavity, at the same time partially also the wall of the mold cavity, or the mold cavities, forms and closes the mold cavity or mold cavities.

The molded parts produced according to the invention in this device are preferably composites consisting of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, preferably fiber-reinforced molded parts, in particular made of thermosetting polymers reinforced with long fibers molded parts.

The present invention also relates to a process for the production of non-casting molded parts in the transfer molding process and in the injection-embossing process, which is characterized in that one according to the invention for their production

Device used, as described hereinafter.

The invention also relates to the moldings produced according to the invention, such as, for example, toothed wheels or sliding composites, - tJ_

i.e. Sliding elements with integrated metal parts, manufactured in multiple forms.

Press tools such as two-piston presses are known per se. Mold cavities (compression molds) are also known in many embodiments. Not known is the inventive combination of such two-piston presses with single or multiple mold cavities.

The term "mold cavity" is to be understood as a mold cavity, which according to the invention is arranged on the cylindrical bushing of the press tool such that the gate cross-section of the cavity preferably extends only over part of the circumference of the cylindrical bushing of the press tool, so that the side wall of the press piston At the level of the mold cavity, only partially, or only with part of its circumference, also forms the wall of the mold cavity Preferably, the gate cross-section of the mold cavity extends at most over half the circumference of the inner wall of the cylindrical bushing the gate cross-section of the mold cavity is not more than one third, preferably not more than one quarter, and preferably not more than one fifth of the circumference of the cylindrical bushing of the die, so preferably at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four, and preferably at least five Mold nests in the cylindrical socket of the pressing tool can be arranged side by side.

The term "non-casting molded part" means that the molded part does not have any sprue that needs to be removed, so the sprue is missing entirely or the sprue is just so large that it does not bother and is considered part of the molded part.

The two-piston press also contains a feeder equipped with at least one preheating unit for the ending raw material. Furthermore, the two-piston press, ie the pressing tool, can be heated, so that the supplied material can be preheated in the press, optionally digested, and brought into a flowable, plasticized, optionally compacted state. The pressing tool is preferably equipped with a hydraulic ejector.

FIG. 1 illustrates an open two-piston pressing tool according to the invention. The piston position shows the position when filling the tool with the molding compound. Therein, the lower plunger together with the cylindrical inner wall of the pressing tool forms a space in which the still solid or preheated molding compound is filled. The lower injection piston (1), the opposing piston (2), the upper tool half (3) are open, the mold cavity (4), the material supply (5), the metal insert (6), which encloses in the subsequent injection process and to a composite is processed.

FIG. 2 illustrates the piston position in a two-piston pressing tool during the injection process of the molding compound. The upper counter-piston (2) is positioned in this process on the lower level of the molding and subjected to a variable back pressure (back pressure). The injection piston (1) below presses the molding compound against the opposing piston, so that the plastic molding compound flows through a (depending on the back pressure) variable gap in the mold cavity. Also indicated are the upper mold half (3), the mold cavity (4), the metal insert (5).

Figure 3 illustrates the piston position in a two-piston press tool after the end of the mold filling operation. The injection piston (1) below is now driven down through the upper counter-piston until the remaining cake is below the mold cavity. In it, the two plunger together with the cylindrical inner wall of the pressing tool form a closed space. Also indicated are the opposed piston (2), the upper tool half (3), the mold cavity (4) and the metal insert (5). FIG. 4 illustrates the piston positions after the completed curing or during the ejection process of the molded part.

The moldings produced according to the invention are preferably composites based on fiber-reinforced thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, preferably fiber-reinforced molded parts, in particular made of thermosetting polymers reinforced with long fibers molded parts.

The starting material for the production of such composites are preferably powders and / or granules, in particular granules, consisting of plastics-coated fibers, preferably short fibers and / or long fibers, preferably long fibers, which are (i) a thermoplastic polymer or a mixture such polymers are coated, and which polymers optionally contain additives, or which (ii) with a thermosetting plastic powder, which is optionally precured, or coated with a mixture of such plastic powders, which are optionally precured, and these plastic powders optionally contain additives , In this case, the granules can be processed, for example, into a wadding, or be open-minded, and fed as cotton wool into the pressing device.

Also suitable as starting materials in the process according to the invention are so-called dough-like polyester molding compositions (UP-SMC or UP-DMC). Likewise, in the process according to the invention, commercially available polymeric materials reinforced with short fibers or long fibers can be used. These materials or molding compositions may contain per se known mineral aggregates and be used with them.

The feeding of the molding compositions into the transfer space, in particular the thermoplastics reinforced with long fibers, can also be effected by means of extrusion. Long fiber granules preferably consist of substantially parallel aligned plastic coated and cut long fibers. For the production thereof, fiber strands, which consist of continuous fibers, are usually coated with a plastic or a mixture of plastics, which may contain various additives, and cut into granules in further processing stages. These granules are further processed into moldings.

As used herein, fibers having an average length in the range of about 0.2-0.6 mm in length are referred to as "short fibers." Fibers having an average length of more than 0.6 mm in length, especially fibers having an average length in the range of more than 0.6 mm in length up to about 50 mm in length, are referred to here as "long fibers". In the context of the present invention and the description of the invention, however, the term "long fibers" also includes fibers having an average length of more than 50 mm in length which behave the same or similar to fibers having an average length in the range of more than 0.6 mm in length to approximately 50 mm in length The coating techniques for such fibers and their processing into granules are known per se.

As fibers which are present in the form of short fibers or long fibers in the granules, according to the invention all fibers known per se can be used, which are known for the production of materials. Such fibers have a melting point which is preferably at least 100 ° C. higher than the melting point or softening point of the coating polymer. Examples are synthetic inorganic fibers known per se, in particular glass or ceramic fibers, C fibers, synthetic fibers, in particular aramid fibers (aromatic polyamide), or natural fibers, in particular cellulose fibers. The filament thickness is preferably about 5 μm to 20 μm and about 100 tex 4800 tex (0.1 g / m-4.8 g / m), preferably 600 tex-2400 tex, as such are commonly used.

As plastic for the coating can be used according to the invention per se known thermoplastic materials (as a compound, LFTP, or as a premix) and / or per se known thermosetting molding compositions (preferably as a premix). Thermoplastic molding compounds or plastics and their additives are known from the literature in large numbers. Synthetic thermoplastic polymers are preferably selected from the group of

Polyolefins, preferably polyethylene, in particular HDPE, or polypropylenes (PP); polycarbonates; Polyoxymethylene (POM); Polyethylene terephthalate (PET); Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); Polyethylene sulfides (PES); Polyphenylene oxides (PPO); Polyphenylene sulfides (PPS); PSO; PVDS; thermoplastic polycondensates, preferably polyesters and polyamides, such as polyamide 66, polyamide 12, among others; polyvinyl acetates; polystyrenes; polyacrylate; Polymethacrylic acid esters; Alkylene / acrylic acid copolymers or alkylene / methacrylic acid copolymers, preferably ethylene / acrylic acid copolymers; PEEK (polyaryletheretherketone) and PEK (polyaryletherketone), alkylene / maleic anhydride copolymers; or alkylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers. Preferred are HDPE, PP, polycarbonates, POM, PET, PBT, PES, PPO, PPS, PSO, PVDS, and thermoplastic polyamides. Synthetic polymers are preferred with a softening point of 100 ⁰ C or higher, preferably in the range from 140 ⁰ C to 390 ⁰ C and especially in the range of 150 ° C to 350 ⁰ C.

Thermosetting plastics in the form of polycondensates are, for example, curable phenol / formaldehyde plastics (PF casting resins), curable bisphenol resins, curable urea / formaldehyde plastics (MF molding compounds, UP-SMC or UP-DMC), polyimides (PI), BMI Molding materials and polybenzimidazoles (PBI). Thermosetting plastics in the form of polyadducts are, for example, epoxy resins (EP), molding compositions of unsaturated polyester resins (UP foams), DAP resins (polydiallyl phthalate), MF molding compounds, eg curable melaxin / phenol / formaldehyde molding compounds, or crosslinked polyurethanes (PUR).

The thermosetting plastic powders or the plastic powder starting mixture are applied as non-crosslinked, or non-hardened, or very little hardened powder on the fibers and also present in this form in the granules and are then processed further. The granules, or the long fibers contained therein, according to the invention preferably have a length in the range of 2 mm-25 mm, preferably in the range of 5 mm-15 mm and preferably in the range of 7 mm-14 mm. If the fibers to be treated were coated in a fluidized bed by the dry coating method, the particle size distribution of the fiber coating or of the coating components in the dry coating is preferably in the range from 30 μm to 300 μm, preferably in the range from 50 μm to 250 μm. The average grain size is mainly about 50μm-150μm.

As additives for thermoplastic polymers and for thermosetting plastics in the form of polycondensates or polyadducts, for example, in addition to the resin / hardener / accelerator system for thermosets, release agents, lubricants, fillers, pigments, adhesion promoters, stabilizers and inhibitors are present. Such compounds are known per se, as are the preferred compositions to be used for the coatings according to the present invention.

For the erfindungsgerαässe production of non-casting moldings, the starting material, which is preferably present as a powder, granules or cotton wool, cold or preheated introduced into the pressing tool, brought in this to a reasonably elevated temperature, so that it becomes fluid. Then the flowable mass is degassed, compressed and placed in the mold cavity under the necessary pressure. These process steps according to the invention can be carried out in the pressing tool itself and can be readily realized in the press tool by means of suitable piston guide by the skilled person. In the mold cavity, the molding is cured or cooled until it is solid and then ejected. The heating of the mass introduced into the pressing tool preferably takes place via the heating by IR conveying channels, circulating air oven or by means of extrusion.

As a further embodiment of the present method, the granules can be digested beforehand for introduction into the pressing tool. The digested granules are then present as pulp (ie in cotton wool) with a random fiber structure, in which the long fibers in all directions evenly (ie as a random fiber), isotropic, distributed. For this purpose, the coated continuous fibers or granules are heated under pressure to a sufficiently high temperature in a closed volume, so that at this temperature the volatiles present in the coating are removed on removal of the increased pressure and preferably also on an increase in the available pressure Volume, preferably with rapid reduction of the increased pressure to atmospheric pressure, escape at high speed from the coating and expand the coating material. It is heated in a closed, as small as possible, volume under pressure, preferably at least the softening temperature of the fiber coating, ie usually to at least about 100 ° C, preferably to a temperature at which the fiber coating is liquid or in low viscosity state. Depending on the coating material used, this is about 140 ° C.-390 ° C., preferably about 150 ° C.-250 ° C., and preferably about 180 ° C.-220 ° C. Preferably, one heats about 20 ° C-80 ° C above the softening point of the fiber coating. The process pressure at elevated temperature within the closed volume is determined by the applied pressure of the volatiles at that temperature and the size of the closed volume and is typically 400 atm-2000 atm, preferably 500 atm-800 atm. In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the granules are digested in the pressing tool itself. This allows continuous processing of the granules to the final molded part in a single device without isolating an intermediate. The granules are introduced into the pressing tool and digested there with a corresponding piston guide according to the procedure of the previous section. In this case, the granules in the pressing tool are preferably heated by heating the vessel wall or by means of IR radiation. The result is a cotton-like product (pulp) with random fiber arrangement, which is then compressed in the pressing tool, heated to flowability, degassed and then under appropriate pressure in the mold cavity, or the mold cavities, is introduced. The formed and cured molding is then ejected. This process results in non-molded and low-stress molded parts with low porosity, with very low fiber degradation, with very good fiber distribution and high residual fiber length and very good balanced strength properties.

In this sense, the present invention relates to a process for the production of non-casting moldings in the transfer molding process or in the injection-embossing process, which is characterized in that one (A) device in an inventive device, or in an inventive pressing tool, a

Powder and / or granules, preferably granules, consisting of plastic coated fibers, introduces, preferably short fibers and / or long fibers, preferably long fibers, which (i) are coated with a thermoplastic polymer, or with a mixture of such polymers, and these Polymers optionally contain additives, or which (ii) are coated with a thermosetting plastic powder or with a mixture of such plastic powders, which are optionally precured, and these plastic powders optionally contain additives, (B) the introduced powder and / or granules in the closed volume under pressure to at least the softening temperature of the fiber coating, heated, then

(C) rapidly reducing the elevated pressure to normal pressure so that the volatiles present in the coating escape from and expand the coating, and

(D) introduces the random fiber mixture thus obtained under pressure into the mold cavity or mold cavities, optionally embossing, and hardens the finished molding. ,

Preferably, the procedure is such that the discharge piston during the injection process [step (D)] with. a variable back pressure is applied and thus the shearing action can be controlled during mold filling.

If the fiber coating consists of a thermoplastic polymer powder in which, if appropriate, additives have been incorporated, this coating can generally be expanded at the stated conditions without addition of further auxiliaries. Optionally, the coating material used may be a thermoplastic polymer powder in which an additional component which is volatile at the stated temperature has been incorporated (compounded), which may be necessary for thermoplastics having a high melt viscosity. Such a component may for example be a solvent, such as a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon, an ester compound, such as an acetate of the formula (C ₂ - ₄ ) alkyl-O (O) CCH ₃ or a ketone having a boiling point, preferably in the Range of 60 ° C-180 ° C. In practice, this creates a pressure in the closed volume which is predominantly due to the applied partial pressure of the volatiles and the size of the closed volume.

Does the fiber coating consist of a commercially available thermosetting plastic powder or plastic powder starting mixture which does not or only slightly As a rule, they always contain fractions which are volatile at the indicated elevated temperatures.

The volume ratio of original unexpanded coating volume to pure fiber volume is in the range from 9: 1 to 1: 4, preferably in the range from 6: 1 to 2: 3 and preferably in the range from 1: 4 to 1: 6. Thus, molded articles can be obtained which contain a fiber content in the upper range of 60 wt .-% to about 80 wt .-%, preferably up to about 75 wt .-% of fiber material, based on the total weight of fiber material plus plastic.

Preferably, such moldings and components are produced as composites for industry, e.g. for the construction, automotive, aircraft and / or shipbuilding industry. Examples include: plastic gears, worm wheels, gearbox housings, slide bearings, threaded spindles, steel spares, implants, air-permeable grinding wheels for working wood, plastic and metals. The following examples illustrate the invention.

Example 1 (Expanding a granulate) a) The starting material used was a granular fibrous structure consisting of coated carbon fibers with a filament diameter of 10 microns (Tenax®) and a length of 12 mm, which was obtained by coating carbon continuous fibers in the Fluidized bed process was prepared with the following curable epoxy composition and subsequent granulation: Fiber coating (composition):

b) 430 grams of granules were preheated in a convection oven to 90 ⁰ C. The preheated granules were introduced into a heatable pressing tool according to FIG. The five steel inserts with a volume fluctuation of ± 10% were placed in the five mold cavities. The tool has been closed. According to FIG. 2, the upper opposing piston was subjected to a dynamic pressure of 2000 N / cm ² . The injection piston was charged with an injection pressure of 5000 N / cm ² and injected the molding compound within five seconds and then moved the upper counter-piston to the upper molding wall. According to FIG. 3, after 60 seconds the upper opposing piston with the

Rest cake pressed under the lower molding wall. Then, according to FIG. 4, after a curing time of 150 seconds, the tool was opened and the five molded parts were ejected.

Claims

claims

1. A device for the production of non-casting moldings in the transfer molding process and the injection-embossing process, wherein the device consists of a pressing tool and at least one nest nest, characterized in that the pressing tool is a two-piston press with two displaceable plunger, wherein (i) these two (Ii) the mold cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical bushing of the pressing tool or the mold cavities are arranged concentrically and at the same height on the outer wall of the cylindrical bushing of the pressing tool and (iii) are integrated in this outer wall such that the side wall of the plunger at the level of the mold cavity, or the mold cavity, at the same time partially also the wall of the mold cavity, or the mold cavities, forms and closes the mold cavity or mold cavities.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-piston press is heated.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two-piston press has a feed which is equipped with at least one preheating unit for the starting material to be processed.

4. Device according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the pressing tool is equipped with a hydraulic ejector.

5. Device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the mold cavity is arranged on the cylindrical sleeve of the pressing tool such that the gate cross-section of the cavity extends only a portion of the circumference of the cylindrical bushing of the pressing tool. - XI -

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that extending the gate cross-section of the mold cavity at most over half, preferably at most over a third, preferably at most over a quarter, and preferably at most over one fifth of the circumference of the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve of the pressing tool.

7. Device according to FIG. 1

8. A process for the production of non-casting moldings in the transfer molding process and in the injection-embossing process, characterized in that one uses for their preparation, a device according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that consisting of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers existing composites, preferably fiber-reinforced molded parts, in particular made of thermosetting polymers reinforced with long fibers molded parts produced.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that one uses as starting material for the production of the composites powder and / or granules, in particular granules, consisting of plastic-coated fibers, preferably short fibers and / or long fibers, preferably long fibers, which (i ) are coated with a thermoplastic polymer, or with a mixture of such polymers, and these polymers optionally contain additives, or which (ii) with a thermosetting plastic powder, which may be pre-cured, or with a mixture of such plastic powder, which are optionally precured, are coated, and these plastic powders optionally contain additives.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the starting material is fed as cotton wool in the pressing device.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the starting material dough-shaped polyester molding compositions (UP-SMC or UP-DMC) or commercially available with short fibers or long fibers reinforced polymeric materials are used which contain per se known mineral aggregates and optionally worked up as cotton wool in the pressing device are fed.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that the starting material is introduced by extrusion into the tool.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that the starting material contains synthetic inorganic fibers, preferably glass or ceramic fibers, C fibers, plastic fibers, preferably aramid fibers, or natural fibers, preferably cellulose fibers and the filament thickness preferably about 5 microns to 20 microns and about 100 tex-4800 tex (0.1 g / m- 4.8 g / m), preferably 600 tex-2400 tex.

15. The method according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that as plastic for the coating at least one thermoplastic material (as a compound, LFT, or as a premix) and / or at least one thermosetting molding composition, preferably as a premix used.

16. The method according to any one of claims 8-14, characterized in that the synthetic polymers have a softening point of 100 ⁰ C or higher, preferably in the range of 140 ⁰ C to 390 ° C and especially in the range of 150 ⁰ C to 350 ⁰ C, exhibit.

17. The method according to any one of claims 8-16, characterized in that the thermosetting plastic is selected from the group comprising polycondensates, preferably curable phenol / formaldehyde plastics (PF casting resins), curable bisphenol resins, curable urea / formaldehyde plastics (UF- Molding compounds, UP-SMC or UP-DMC), polyimides (PI), BMI molding compounds and polybenzimidazoles (PBI); or is selected from the group comprising polyadducts, preferably epoxy resins (EP), molding compositions of unsaturated polyester resins (UP molding compositions), DAP resins (polydiallyl phthalate), MF molding compounds, e.g. curable melamine / phenol / formaldehyde molding compounds, or crosslinked polyurethanes (PUR).

18. A process for the production of non-casting moldings in the transfer molding process or in the injection-embossing process, characterized in that (A) in a device, or in an inventive pressing tool according to any one of claims 1-7, a powder and / or granules, preferably a granulate consisting of plastic-coated fibers, introduces, preferably short fibers and / or long fibers, preferably long fibers, which (i) with a thermoplastic polymer, or with a mixture of such polymers coated, and these polymers optionally contain additives, or which (ii) are coated with a thermosetting plastic powder or with a mixture of such plastic powders, which are optionally precured, and these plastic powders optionally contain additives,

(B) the introduced powder and / or granules in the closed volume under pressure to at least the softening temperature of the fiber coating, heated, then

(D) introduces the random fiber mixture thus obtained under pressure into the mold cavity or mold cavities, optionally embossing, and hardens the finished molding.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the Strobolben (1) is acted upon during the injection process [step (D)] with a variable counter pressure, so that the shear effect is controlled during the mold filling.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the volume ratio of original unexpanded coating volume to the pure fiber volume in the range of 9: 1 to 1: 4, preferably in the range of 6: 1 to 2: 3 and preferably in the range from 1: 4 to 1: 6 and to produce moldings which have a fiber content in the upper range of 60 wt .-% to about 80 wt .-%, preferably up to about 75 wt .-% of fiber material, based on the total weight of fiber material plus plastic.

21. The method according to any one of claims 18-20, characterized in, ^"that produces molding and components as composite materials for industry, preferably for the construction, automotive, aircraft and / or shipbuilding industry, preferably Kunstoffzahnräder, worm gears, gear boxes , Plain bearings, threaded spindles, steel spare parts, implants, air-permeable grinding wheels for working wood, plastic and metals.