WO2007079768A1

WO2007079768A1 - Use of a feed supplement

Info

Publication number: WO2007079768A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/057094
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hermann A. Rieke
Original assignee: Rieke Hermann A
Priority date: 2005-12-22
Filing date: 2005-12-22
Publication date: 2007-07-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed supplement that is intended for agricultural livestock animals and that contains plant constituents of the neem tree in order to reduce the fly pressure in sheds and on pastures used by livestock animals, to reduce intestinal colic and/or to improve horn quality in hoofed animals.

Description

Use of a dietary supplement

The invention relates to the use of a supplementary feed for farm animals.

From www.bio-gaertner.de is known that the Neem (English) or Niembaum (Azadirachta indica = Free tree of India, mahogany plant) is an evergreen tree. It resembles an ash that grows extremely quickly in favorable conditions up to a height of 30 m and up to 60 m deep taproots. All plant components are used, especially the seeds. They contain a substance that inhibits mold, and an insecticide that repels many pests. The fruits are about as big as olives, the kernels are extremely bitter. The ingredients vary depending on the origin and variety.

From the seeds the Azadirachtin is recovered, which still works in the dilution of 1 to 10 million. It inhibits the development of the enzyme ecdysone, which is essential for arachnids, eg house dust mites, and insects. The Niemöl cold-pressed from the cores has a shelf life of two years and is also effective against bacteria and bacteria Mushrooms and even used against viruses. In India it is used for stomach and intestinal diseases and as a contraceptive.

Furthermore, the neem tree contains many other active substances such as meliantropine, nimbine Gedunin, Quercentin and Salannun. It contains more substances than any other tree. In his homeland, the tree is used with all its parts due to its unique ingredients. They effect e.g. Disruptions in the moulting of insects (this substance is similar to their molting hormone) and reduce the ability to lay eggs to complete sterility. The neem tree has a hair-deterrent effect on many insects, especially in hoeing and pupating insects, beetles of all kinds, crickets, moths, butterflies, corn borers, spinners, spider mites, mosquitoes, thrips, cicadas, leafminers, aphids, grasshoppers, bugs and whites Flying while receiving food; reduces nematodes. It is especially effective against the larvae. Butterflies do not lay eggs on leaves and flowers treated with plant components of the neem tree. They can also be used against powdery mildew fungi and star-shaped roses. The plant components of the neem tree also act as a shampoo in pets against fleas, fleas, scratch mites, lice, mosquitoes and ticks. Not sensitive are the larvae of ants, bees, earwigs and spiders. Beneficial insects such as lacewings, ladybugs and hoverflies are not harmed, not even warm-blooded animals. It is not a nerve or contact poison. If leaves that have been treated with plant components of the neem tree are eaten by pests, they soon lose their appetite.

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 In India, leaves of the neem tree are used to prevent storage pests such as bugs, moths and bugs. House dust mites are also sold. Plant components of the neem tree are also used in creams, skin lotions, nail oils, soaps, against fever and rheumatism as well as gingivitis in toothpastes (antiseptic effect, from bark extract). Grasshoppers turn black-brown through a hormone, they are then ready to swarm out.

Niemsames contain 40 different ingredients. The most important hormone, which controls the moulting of the insects and the egg development, is getting scarcer. The insect remains trapped in its shell and can not mate as an eternal adolescent. In adult animals, the vitality is damaged. The females lay no or only a few eggs. The seed kernels smell strong. Niemsaat is degraded in 8 to 10 days, also by UV light. The residue after squeezing the oil is used as fertilizer. It has a systemic effect e.g. against nematodes and lice. When fed, he interrupts the development of fly larvae in the feces. In meadows, the grass and harvest mites can be fought with it. The leaves of the neem tree also have similar effects, although they contain no azadirachtin. They serve to ward off moths and mosquitoes. In India, they are used against skin diseases (in tincture) and as tea for the relief of malaria. Because of these properties and its non-toxicity to warm-blooded plants, the plant components of the neem tree are ideally suited for organic gardening and farming. Against many beneficial insects, such as parasitic Hymenoptera and the honey bee, Niemprodukte show little or no effect. In the honey bee in flight cage experiments occurred only in small people, such as

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 they are used for queen breeding, pests in the breed in appearance.

Against the active ingredients of the plant constituents of the neem tree no resistances have become known to this day. Several studies, whose aim was to provoke resistance to Niem in different insects, proved this fact: Kohlmotten responded in an attempt even in the 35th successor generation against Niem still as sensitive as the originating animals.

The action against intestinal parasites was demonstrated in 1994 by DeI Moral R. (H. Schmutterer, K.R. Asscher, Natural pesticides from Neem tree and other plants, TZ Publishing Company) in calves and goats at the University of Venezuela. The result was 85.4% against Estrongilds, 89.8% against Strongiloides, 85.7% against Trichuris and 100% against Moniezia. The results were better than the achieved effects of a synthetic product.

From DE 3809427 Al the use of seeds of the neem tree for the prophylaxis and therapy of viral infections is known. By using the seed of the neem tree as a whole drug, press oil or in the form of, optionally further processed, extracts in various pharmaceutical preparations, the therapy and prophylaxis of viral infections is made possible. In oral and percutaneous use of Niem-seed preparations, successes have been achieved in various viral infections. This makes virus-unspecific therapy and prophylaxis possible in human and animal viruses. As a positive side effect of the treatment was a

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 general increase in general condition registered with mitigation of the symptoms of comorbidities. A similar relationship is also known from US 2003/0215481 Al.

From DE 601 OO 219 T2, DE 34 20 230 Al and Abstract 133: 88816 / DN (CAPLUS / STN): Gowda, S.K. Sastry, V.R.B. , Asian-Australasia Journal of Animal Sciences (2000), 13 (5), 720-728: "Neem (Azadirachta indica) Seed Cake in Animal Feeding-Scope and Limitations" discloses feeds containing components of the neem tree.

DE 698 21 977 T2 discloses liquid, insecticidal pour-on formulations which contain constituents of the neem tree.

The company HOTTE MAXE in DE distributes a number of products containing Niemöl via the Internet. These are especially suitable for horse care. The product "FLY EX" is supposed to cause a greatly reduced fly population after being littered.

In the warmer times of the year it comes in stables and pastures of farm animals for massive propagation of stable flies. This fly pressure has significantly negative factors, which have been proven by countless published scientific studies. Mileage and weight gain alone can be 10 to 15% lower (www.vet-consult.de) due to severe harassment and corresponding defensive movements. Severe ophthalmia in need of treatment are caused or exacerbated by the stinging of the eye edges (Pinkeye, Moraxella bovis). Minor wounds of livestock are made by the fly stocking with bacteria, viruses and parasites (Habronema)

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 contaminated, so that in turn larger wounds requiring treatment arise from it. Skin irritation and dermatitis are triggered and spread by the constant fly occupation. Mastitis (fly stick mastitis) in dairy cows is triggered by the fly infestation. There is a noticeable disturbance in the animal herds, disoriented fleeing animals (thereby injuries, eg by barbed wire); this is especially true for horses (horses breaking out of pastures).

Selected diseases transmitted by flies:

The object of the present invention is, in particular, to reduce the air pressure in stalls and pastures of farm animals, in the reduction of intestinal colic and in the improvement of the horn quality of ungulates.

The above object has been achieved by the use of a supplementary feed for farm animals containing plant components of the neem tree for lowering the fly pressure

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 in stables and pastures of livestock, for the reduction of intestinal colic and / or to improve the horn quality of ungulates.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term supplementary feed comprises compound feeds which have a higher content of certain substances, in particular contents and / or additives (such as constituents of the neem tree), than the complete feeds for the respective animal category Food needs of the animals.

The core of the present invention is thus a health-promoting supplementary feed for farm animals, including horses. In the own riding stable it could be determined and proven that the above-mentioned active substances in particular of the Niemsaat not only have a medical benefit such as immune enhancement, antibacterial, antiviral, strong fungicidal and stomach calming effect. By Kotproben it was demonstrated that the active ingredients are not degraded during the digestive process through the digestive tract and thus ineffective. The still active agents in the feces of the animals are only now effective in controlling the fly.

To propagate the flies need only water and moist organic substances. There, a female flyer lays up to 1000 eggs. Suitable breeding grounds are the feces of the livestock, the manure heaps, damp forest near pasture locations or in the floating layer of liquid manure. The manure serves as food for the developing maggots. Ingesting the larva of nutrients from the contaminated with Niem Kot, manure or manure their pupation is prevented, the larva dies.

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 Since the problem of the strong fly population arises in practically all livestock kept in the stable, the supplementary feed can also be used in just these animals. For the purposes of the present invention, the livestock are particularly preferably selected from horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, fur animals and / or poultry.

In principle, all components of the neem tree can be used for the supplementary feed according to the invention. Particularly preferred according to the present invention, the plant components are selected from roots, branches, bark, leaves, fruits, flowers, seeds, oils and / or processing residues of the neem tree. Here, in particular, the press cake to be mentioned, which is obtained during the processing of seeds for the extraction of oils.

In the case of oral feeding of plant constituents of the neem tree, in particular of the seeds (ground), with the addition of concentrated feed, it is no longer possible to propagate the fly in the faeces of the animals and in the resulting manure. The intestinal parasites (worms) are significantly reduced and killed by the orally fed Niem and its active ingredients in the digestive organs of farm animals.

The 95% reduced fly pressure in the stables and on the pasture, as well as the control of the intestinal parasites in livestock lead to significantly improved housing conditions of the animals. By killing the parasites results in an improved feed conversion and without

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 Flying pressure, the animals are considerably quieter and thus the performance of the animals is increased.

The amount of plant constituents of the neem tree may vary widely for the supplementary feed, depending on the species. Particularly preferred according to the present invention, the supplementary feed contains the plant constituents of the neem tree in an amount of 0.001 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.002 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the concentrated feed with which the animals are fed. If the amount of plant constituents of the neem tree is chosen too low, the desired effect on the reduction of the fly population is not achievable. Too large amount of the plant components of the neem tree is not economically useful. In addition, there is a risk that due to the bitter ingredients, the animals do not take the appropriate supplementary feed.

In particular, by using the seed of the neem tree as a whole drug, ground, press oil or press cake (residue from the oil production) as a supplementary feed is a

Stable fly propagation in feces of agricultural animals prevented / prevented.

For example, in previous years without feeding, the horses suffered from e.g. the grazing, weather-related wet grass and other common environmental influences often with intestinal colic. Veterinarians had to treat one or two horses with intestinal colic twice before the addition of Niem.

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 In the comparison period under Niem addition, it was found that the number of intestinal colic could be reduced by about 70 to 80%. The reduction of intestinal colic may be due to the fact that the tannins and other ingredients in the Niem have a calming tonic effect on the intestine and therefore the susceptibility to colic was minimized.

In addition, it was surprisingly found that horn quality in ungulates could be significantly improved. Brittle and inelastic hooves became healthy and elastic in the structure.

Another object of the present invention is thus the treatment of farm animals for the purposes mentioned above.

embodiments

example 1

Two horse piles of 1000g (+/- 3 grams) weight, Kothaufen I was contaminated with Niem and Kothaufen II free of Niem. Both Kothaufen were exposed to the fly pressure in a dairy cowshed (at a distance of 25 cm) for 24 hours. These faeces samples were stored after this residence time in separate culture containers covered with moist room temperature. In the niembert treated excrement no flies developed. In the untreated feces developed after a very short time about 350 flies (at this level, the experiment was terminated).

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 Example 2

A test group with 29 horses had an average worm infestation with gastrointestinal stronyglides of 56 to 85 worm eggs (flotation) per horse on a faecal examination.

A test group with 11 horses, which were fed with the supplementary feed according to the invention in addition to a conventional concentrated feed, had an average infestation of 1 to 3 worm eggs (gastrointestinal Stronygliden) in 100g horse droppings per horse without performing a worm. Other worm eggs from other worm species were undetectable in these samples. In addition, the fly population was reduced by about 90% compared to the comparison group.

In view of these points one can assume that the performance of the livestock has been increased considerably, since they are not exposed to the fly pressure. The scientifically known power reduction of 10 to 50% due to flying pressure was hereby canceled. This means an approximate performance increase in the summer months of 10 to 50% in the milk yield of the dairy cow, weight gain in fattening animals and an increase in athletic performance in riding and sport horses.

Example 3

Surprisingly, it was found according to the invention that the otherwise usual deworming, for example in horses, no longer

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 It is necessary that the plant components of the neem tree also act against intestinal parasites.

In the blood picture of horses, no change in the blood picture was found even when a dose 10 times higher than the dose according to the invention was administered.

The average number of intestinal colic was significantly reduced. In particular, during the Einweidungsphase at riding horses practically no colic occurred.

The study group (trial group) on which Niem was tested included a total of 46 horses. Of these 46 horses, 21 horses had a poor horn quality of the hoof. This was expressed by:

• broken hoof walls in the lower area,

• badly holding nails

• superficial horn fissures in the glaze layer,

• bad hoof growth,

• Due to the bad hoof growth, the blacksmith was hardly able to nail into the newly regrowing healthy horn wall sections - as a result of which frequent loss of horseshoes occurred.

All horses got Niemsamen in 0.5% weight share to the usual concentrates. The blacksmith was not changed during the trial period.

After 6 to 8 weeks of consistent feeding in the above-described concentration, it was clearly evident that the glaze layer closed and grew healthy from the hem band.

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005 After about 12 weeks, the lower hoof sections were restored so far that the hoof nails got a much firmer hold. The hoof growth was noticeably improved. This was manifested by shorter shoeing intervals by the blacksmith due to faster growth.

Thanks to the improved and accelerated horn growth, the blacksmith was once again able to nail into the regrown healthy horn wall sections. The loss of the horseshoe was now observed only by external influences.

This proved that feeding Niem does not cause better hoof growth and hoof quality.

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005

Claims

claims:

1. Use of a supplementary feed for farm animals containing plant components of the neem tree for lowering the fly pressure in stables and pastures of livestock, for the reduction of intestinal colic and / or to improve the horn quality in ungulates.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant components are selected from roots, branches, bark, leaves, fruits, flowers, seeds, oils and / or processing residues of the neem tree.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the livestock are selected from horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, fur animals and / or poultry.

4. Use according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein plant components of the neem tree in an amount of 0.001 to 10 wt.%, In particular 0.002 to 5 wt.%, Based in each case on the concentrated feed.

052996WO HPJ / cr December 22, 2005