WO2007079452A2 - Methods and apparatuses for making liquids more reactive - Google Patents

Methods and apparatuses for making liquids more reactive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007079452A2
WO2007079452A2 PCT/US2007/000168 US2007000168W WO2007079452A2 WO 2007079452 A2 WO2007079452 A2 WO 2007079452A2 US 2007000168 W US2007000168 W US 2007000168W WO 2007079452 A2 WO2007079452 A2 WO 2007079452A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
water
liquid
corona
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/000168
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007079452A3 (en
WO2007079452A9 (en
Inventor
David K. Pierce
David A. Bryce
Mark G. Mortenson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GR Intellectual Reserve LLC
Original Assignee
GR Intellectual Reserve LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GR Intellectual Reserve LLC filed Critical GR Intellectual Reserve LLC
Priority to JP2008549556A priority Critical patent/JP2009522099A/ja
Priority to CA002639872A priority patent/CA2639872A1/en
Priority to BRPI0706289-3A priority patent/BRPI0706289A2/pt
Priority to US12/159,869 priority patent/US20080277272A1/en
Priority to EP07717714A priority patent/EP1976618A2/en
Publication of WO2007079452A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007079452A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2007079452A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007079452A3/en
Publication of WO2007079452A9 publication Critical patent/WO2007079452A9/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4608—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods using electrical discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/47—Generating plasma using corona discharges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
    • B01J2219/0809—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes employing two or more electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
    • B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
    • B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
    • B01J2219/0828—Wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
    • B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
    • B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
    • B01J2219/083—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear cylindrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
    • B01J2219/0837—Details relating to the material of the electrodes
    • B01J2219/0841—Metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
    • B01J2219/0877—Liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/30—Medical applications
    • H05H2245/36—Sterilisation of objects, liquids, volumes or surfaces

Definitions

  • FIG. 2 shows a top perspective view of an atmospheric pressure corona arc discharge between a sharp point on, for example, the end of a wire, and a second electrode or a grounded structure.
  • a high voltage from a high voltage power supply results in the creation of an active radius of interaction between, for example, the tip of a fine wire and an electrode or grounded structure.
  • the active region or active volume is where the radial electric field will fall to the breakdown electric field of the gas.
  • a voltage source is connected between the at least one electrode located above the surface of the liquid and the at least one electrode located at least partially below the surface of the liquid.
  • the electrode(s) may be of any suitable configuration which results in the creation of a corona or glow discharge between the electrode(s) located above the surface of the liquid and at least a portion of the surface of the liquid itself.
  • corona discharge is often associated with fine points or sharp edges.
  • An appropriate voltage is applied between the electrode pair(s) such that a plasma or corona or corona arc is created between at least a portion of the surface of the liquid and the electrode(s) located above the surface of the liquid.
  • the corona arc plasma created according to the conditions of the present invention can result in a very rapid change in the properties of the liquid with which the corona arc is in contact with.
  • the liquid comprises water
  • the measured pH and measured conductivity of the water changes very rapidly (discussed in greater detail later herein) suggesting significant changes have occurred within the water.
  • Water having a lower pH after having been treated according to the techniques of the present invention, can be very desirable for subsequent interactions involving the water.
  • the lowering of the pH suggests the presence of, for example, at least one highly reactive species (e.g., electrons) and the possibility of creating a strong reducing environment.
  • the liquid can be modified in a desirable manner.
  • the liquid to be treated comprises substantially pure water (e.g., less than 1 ppm total dissolved solids) at a substantially neutral pH
  • the treated water will thereafter have a measured pH which is significantly lower than the starting pH (along with a higher measured conductivity), thus making the water more reactive in many reaction processes.
  • Figures 8a and 8b show the effect on pH and conductivity, respectively, when practicing the invention shown in Figure 6 and utilizing silver electrodes.
  • Figures 15, 16, and 17; and Figure 18c shows a comparison of the voltages used in the embodiments corresponding to Figures 15, 16, and 17.
  • the distance "Y" between the electrodes 10 and 11 must be greater than the distance "d” between tip 12 and water surface 20 so as to prevent arcing or corona formation between the electrodes 10 and 1 1.
  • the distance "Y” is a function of the conductivity of the water 21 (e.g., the water 21 needs to be sufficiently conductive to permit the surface 20 of the water 21 to effectively function as one electrode in the formation of the corona arc 30). In other words, the water 21 needs to have sufficient conductance so that the electrode 1 1 is close enough to the surface of the water 20 directly under the tip 12 of electrode
  • the silver electrode 10 comprised a double twisted silver wire having an initial thickness of about 1 mm.
  • the silver plate 11 measured about 1 inch by 4 inches by 1 mm thick.
  • the transformer utilized was Franceformer, Part No. 1O53OP rated for 120 VAC input and for 10,500 VAC maximum output at 30 milliamps. Runs were performed wherein conductivity and pH were measured as a function of time.
  • a third example using a different transformer namely a 60 milliamp transformer (Franceformer, Part No. 9060PE, rated for 120 VAC input and 9,000VAC maximum output at 60 milliamps) was also used.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
PCT/US2007/000168 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 Methods and apparatuses for making liquids more reactive Ceased WO2007079452A2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008549556A JP2009522099A (ja) 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 液体をより高反応性にする方法及び装置
CA002639872A CA2639872A1 (en) 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 Methods and apparatuses for making liquids more reactive
BRPI0706289-3A BRPI0706289A2 (pt) 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 métodos e aparelhos para tornar lìquidos mais reativos
US12/159,869 US20080277272A1 (en) 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 Methods and Apparatuses for Making Liquids More Reactive
EP07717714A EP1976618A2 (en) 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 Methods and apparatuses for making liquids more reactive

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75593306P 2006-01-03 2006-01-03
US60/755,933 2006-01-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007079452A2 true WO2007079452A2 (en) 2007-07-12
WO2007079452A3 WO2007079452A3 (en) 2008-07-10
WO2007079452A9 WO2007079452A9 (en) 2009-02-19

Family

ID=38228976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/000168 Ceased WO2007079452A2 (en) 2006-01-03 2007-01-03 Methods and apparatuses for making liquids more reactive

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20080277272A1 (https=)
EP (1) EP1976618A2 (https=)
JP (1) JP2009522099A (https=)
KR (1) KR20080094895A (https=)
CN (1) CN101495215A (https=)
BR (1) BRPI0706289A2 (https=)
CA (1) CA2639872A1 (https=)
WO (1) WO2007079452A2 (https=)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012515084A (ja) * 2009-01-15 2012-07-05 ジーアール インテレクチュアル リザーブ リミティド ライアビリティ カンパニー 液体を処理して液体中に或る成分（例えばナノ粒子）を製造する連続法、半連続法、及びバッチ法、装置、並びにこれから生じるナノ粒子、及びナノ粒子／液体溶液及びコロイド

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DE08780145T1 (de) 2007-07-11 2011-04-28 Gr Intellectual Reserve, Llc Kontinuierliche verfahren zur behandlung von flüssigkeiten und herstellung von bestimmten bestandteilen (z.b. nanopartikeln) in flüssigkeiten, vorrichtungen und sich daraus ergebende nanopartikel und nanopartikel/flüssigkeit-lösung(en)
US9387452B2 (en) 2009-01-14 2016-07-12 Gr Intellectual Reserve, Llc. Continuous methods for treating liquids and manufacturing certain constituents (e.g., nanoparticles) in liquids, apparatuses and nanoparticles and nanoparticle/liquid solution(s) resulting therefrom
US8597513B2 (en) * 2009-02-06 2013-12-03 Ut-Battelle, Llc Microbial fuel cell treatment of fuel process wastewater
US8192854B2 (en) * 2009-02-06 2012-06-05 Ut-Battelle, Llc Microbial fuel cell treatment of ethanol fermentation process water
US8529749B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2013-09-10 Case Western Reserve University Electrochemical cell including a plasma source and method of operating the electrochemical cell
PH12013501954A1 (en) * 2011-03-30 2013-11-25 Clene Nanomedicine Inc Novel gold-platinum based bi-metallic nanocrystal suspensions, electrochemical manufacturing processes therefor and uses for the same
WO2013067003A1 (en) 2011-11-01 2013-05-10 Pepsico, Inc. Cold plasma sanitization for a dispensing machine
JP6048141B2 (ja) * 2012-09-28 2016-12-21 ダイキン工業株式会社 放電ユニット
JP2016502931A (ja) * 2013-01-08 2016-02-01 アスタ ソリューションズ リミテッドＡｓｔａ Ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ 液体処理装置
DE102013006971B4 (de) * 2013-04-23 2015-06-03 Bruker Daltonik Gmbh Chemische lonisierung mit Reaktant-lonenbildung bei Atmosphärendruck in einem Massenspektrometer
US9868653B2 (en) * 2013-05-01 2018-01-16 Nch Corporation System and method for treating water systems with high voltage discharge and ozone
KR101583460B1 (ko) * 2013-05-20 2016-01-11 한국기초과학지원연구원 플라즈마를 이용한 액체처리 장치
EP3063097A4 (en) 2013-10-28 2017-04-26 Cambrian Innovation, Inc. System and method for waste treatment
EP3064416B1 (en) * 2013-10-30 2018-09-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle, and method of manufacturing same
US10167209B2 (en) * 2014-12-01 2019-01-01 Drexel Univerisity System and method for disinfection and fouling prevention in the treatment of water
CN106166301A (zh) * 2015-05-18 2016-11-30 松下知识产权经营株式会社 液体处理方法、液体处理装置及洗衣机

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JPH10174980A (ja) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-30 Shigeji Ota 水質改善方法及び水質改善装置
US7135195B2 (en) * 1999-06-01 2006-11-14 American Silver, Llc Treatment of humans with colloidal silver composition
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JP2001070946A (ja) * 1999-09-01 2001-03-21 Himeka Engineering Kk コロナ放電を利用した浄化方法および装置
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012515084A (ja) * 2009-01-15 2012-07-05 ジーアール インテレクチュアル リザーブ リミティド ライアビリティ カンパニー 液体を処理して液体中に或る成分（例えばナノ粒子）を製造する連続法、半連続法、及びバッチ法、装置、並びにこれから生じるナノ粒子、及びナノ粒子／液体溶液及びコロイド
US20150167189A1 (en) * 2009-01-15 2015-06-18 GR Intellecturl Reserve, LLC Continuous, semicontinuous and batch methods for treating liquids and manufacturing certain constituents (e.g.,nanoparticles) in liquids, apparatuses and nanoparticles and nanoparticle/liquid solution(s) and colloids resulting therefrom
US10035192B2 (en) * 2009-01-15 2018-07-31 Clene Nanomedicine, Inc. Continuous, semicontinuous and batch methods for treating liquids and manufacturing certain constituents (e.g.,nanoparticles) in liquids, apparatuses and nanoparticles and nanoparticle/liquid solution(s) and colloids resulting therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1976618A2 (en) 2008-10-08
BRPI0706289A2 (pt) 2011-03-22
WO2007079452A3 (en) 2008-07-10
US20080277272A1 (en) 2008-11-13
CN101495215A (zh) 2009-07-29
CA2639872A1 (en) 2007-07-12
KR20080094895A (ko) 2008-10-27
JP2009522099A (ja) 2009-06-11
WO2007079452A9 (en) 2009-02-19

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